SCIADV - 2371

• (2025). Ultrafast and scalable synthesis of enzyme-metal hybrid catalysts in evaporating microdroplets. SCIADV, 11(38), eaea0301. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {One-pot chemoenzymatic cascade reactions integrate the advantages of enzymatic catalysis and chemical catalysis, offering routes to synthesize enantiopure compounds in an efficient and environmentally friendly manner. The rational design of enzyme-metal hybrid catalysts (EMHCs) is an attractive strategy for operating chemoenzymatic cascade reactions efficiently under mild conditions. In this study, we develop a method for the instantaneous and continuous synthesis of EMHCs in evaporating microdroplets. Compared to traditional wet impregnation methods, the reaction time of the microdroplet-assisted method is shortened from days to seconds, achieving a space-time yield increase by two to five orders of magnitude. The as-prepared Pd/lipase cross-linked enzyme aggregates with ultrasmall Pd nanoclusters and well-preserved structure of enzymes exhibit excellent activity in the dynamic kinetic resolution of chiral amines. The mechanism for the process enhancement in the synthesis of EMHCs in evaporating microdroplets is studied by theoretical calculations, indicating that the fast solvent evaporation and high-heat transfer are the major factors for the instantaneous synthesis of EMHCs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yida Qiao and Ruobing Xin and Xiaoyang Li and Jun Ge}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea0301}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eaea0301}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast and scalable synthesis of enzyme-metal hybrid catalysts in evaporating microdroplets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A noncanonical role of glycolytic metabolites controlling the timing of mouse embryo segmentation. SCIADV, 11(38), eadz9606. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Studies on the impact of metabolism on cell fate decisions are seeing a renaissance. However, a key challenge remains to distinguish signaling functions of metabolism from its canonical bioenergetic and biosynthetic roles, which underlie cellular homeostasis. Here, we tackled this challenge using mouse embryonic axis segmentation as an experimental model. First, we found that energetically subminimal amounts of glucose can support ongoing segmentation clock activity, providing evidence that glycolysis exerts a signaling function. Using a dynamical systems approach based on entrainment, we identified fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) as the potential signaling metabolite. Functionally, we demonstrated that glycolytic flux/FBP control the segmentation clock period and Wnt signaling in an anticorrelated manner. Critically, we showed that the slow segmentation clock phenotype caused by elevated glycolysis is mediated by Wnt signaling rather than cellular bioenergetic and biosynthetic state. Combined, our results demonstrate a modular organization of metabolic functions, revealing a signaling module of glycolysis that can be decoupled from its canonical metabolic functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hidenobu Miyazawa and Jona Rada and Nicole Prior and Paul Gerald Layague Sanchez and Emilia Esposito and Daria Bunina and Charles Girardot and Judith Zaugg and Alexander Aulehla}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz9606}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadz9606}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A noncanonical role of glycolytic metabolites controlling the timing of mouse embryo segmentation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unprecedented accuracy in molecular line-intensity ratios from frequency-based measurements. SCIADV, 11(38), eadz6560. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Accurate determination of molecular transition intensities is vital to quantum chemistry and metrology, yet even simple diatomic molecules have historically been limited to 0.1% accuracy. Here, we show that frequency-domain measurements of relative intensity ratios outperform absolute methods, achieving 0.003% accuracy using dual-wavelength cavity mode dispersion spectroscopy. Enabled by high-precision frequency metrology, this approach reveals systematic discrepancies with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations, exposing subtle electron correlation effects in the dipole moment curve. Applied to line-intensity ratio thermometry (LRT), our technique determines gas temperatures with 0.5 millikelvin statistical uncertainty, exceeding previous LRT precision by two orders of magnitude. These results redefine the limits of optical gas metrology and enable International System of Units–traceable measurements for applications from combustion diagnostics to isotopic analysis. Discrepancies of up to 0.02% in transition probability ratios challenge theorists to refine models, establishing intensity ratios as a paradigm in precision molecular physics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jin-Ke Li and Jin Wang and Rui-Heng Yin and Qi Huang and Yan Tan and Chang-Le Hu and Yu R. Sun and Oleg L. Polyansky and Nikolai F. Zobov and Evgenii I. Lebedev and Rainer Stosch and Jonathan Tennyson and Gang Li and Shui-Ming Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz6560}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadz6560}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unprecedented accuracy in molecular line-intensity ratios from frequency-based measurements}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Personalized mapping of inhibitory spinal cord circuits in humans via noninvasive neural decoding and in silico modeling. SCIADV, 11(38), eadz5524. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Studying human motoneuron activity through electromyography (EMG) can yield insights into the operation of fundamental spinal cord microcircuits. Traditional surface and needle EMG methodologies have limited capacity to shed light on the diversity of motor unit (MU) control strategies that may be unique to each individual. Here, we used high-density surface EMG (HDsEMG) to sample multiple MUs per participant to investigate the features of inhibitory spinal microcircuits in both upper and lower limb control. We characterized the net inhibition as a function of individual MU firing rates, revealing participant-specific relationships. In silico modeling replicated these experimental characteristics and suggested that properties of the inhibitory currents rather than motoneuron size are responsible for net functional inhibition. Our results show that HDsEMG can highlight distinct control strategies across circuits and motor pools, revealing participant-specific properties of inhibitory spinal microcircuits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alejandro Pascual-Valdunciel and Natalia T. Cónsul and Robert M. Brownstone and Marco Beato and Dario Farina and Filipe Nascimento and M. Görkem Özyurt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz5524}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadz5524}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Personalized mapping of inhibitory spinal cord circuits in humans via noninvasive neural decoding and in silico modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast photooxidation of semireduced flavin in fatty acid photodecarboxylase. SCIADV, 11(38), eadz1904. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The initial photoproduct of the natural photoenzyme fatty acid photodecarboxylase involves the flavin anion radical flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD •– ). Using spectrally resolved ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, we demonstrate that FAD •– photoexcitation in the absence of substrate leads to the formation of the oxidized flavin FAD ox (the resting state in the catalytic cycle) within 100 femtoseconds. While this feature is similar to that occurring in flavoprotein oxidases, the ensuing photocycle is more complex. Upon excitation at the lowest-energy transition, the ejected electron is initially captured as a hydrated electron ( e – H ) before transferring to a secondary acceptor in 2.5 picoseconds and returning to the flavin in 37 picoseconds. This implies that e – H can be generated within a protein environment, an unprecedented finding. This assessment is supported by molecular dynamics simulations showing an expansion of the flavin-binding pocket without substrate, allowing water molecules to fill the void. Our results may pave the way to developing unconventional photocatalytic processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marten H. Vos and Elsa Balduzzi and Damien Sorigué and Alexey Aleksandrov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz1904}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadz1904}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast photooxidation of semireduced flavin in fatty acid photodecarboxylase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How musicality enhances top-down and bottom-up selective attention: Insights from precise separation of simultaneous neural responses. SCIADV, 11(38), eadz0510. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Natural environments typically contain a blend of simultaneous sounds. A substantial challenge in neuroscience is identifying specific neural signals corresponding to each sound and analyzing them separately. Combining frequency tagging and machine learning, we achieved high-precision separation of neural responses to mixed melodies, classifying them by selective attention toward specific melodies. Across two magnetoencephalography datasets, individual musicality and task performance heavily influenced the attentional recruitment of cortical regions, correlating positively with top-down attention in the left parietal cortex but negatively with bottom-up attention in the right. In prefrontal areas, neural responses indicating higher sustained selective attention reflected better performance and musicality. These results suggest that musical training enhances neural mechanisms in the frontoparietal regions, boosting performance via improving top-down attention, reducing bottom-up distractions, and maintaining selective attention over time. This work establishes the effectiveness of combining frequency tagging with machine learning to capture cognitive and behavioral effects with stimulus precision, applicable to other studies involving simultaneous stimuli.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cassia Low Manting and Dimitrios Pantazis and John Gabrieli and Daniel Lundqvist}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz0510}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadz0510}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How musicality enhances top-down and bottom-up selective attention: Insights from precise separation of simultaneous neural responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Learning local and semi-local density functionals from exact exchange-correlation potentials and energies. SCIADV, 11(38), eady8962. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Finding accurate exchange-correlation (XC) functionals remains the defining challenge in density functional theory (DFT). Despite 40 years of active development, attaining general purpose chemical accuracy is still elusive with existing functionals. We present a data-driven pathway to learn the XC functional by using the exact density, XC energy, and XC potential. While the exact densities are obtained from accurate configuration interaction (CI), the exact XC energies and XC potentials are obtained via inverse DFT calculations on the CI densities. We demonstrate how simple neural network (NN)–based local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA), trained on just five atoms and two molecules, provide remarkable improvement in total energies and densities. Particularly, the NN-based GGA functional attains similar accuracy as the higher rung SCAN meta-GGA on various thermochemistry datasets. These results underscore the promise of using the XC potential in modeling XC functionals and can pave the way for systematic learning of increasingly accurate XC functionals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bikash Kanungo and Jeffrey Hatch and Paul M. Zimmerman and Vikram Gavini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8962}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady8962}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Learning local and semi-local density functionals from exact exchange-correlation potentials and energies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). α cells use both PC1/3 and PC2 to process proglucagon peptides and control insulin secretion. SCIADV, 11(38), eady8048. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {α cells secrete proglucagon peptides to regulate nutrient metabolism. Recent findings support an α cell–to–β cell axis that is mediated by paracrine signaling through the glucagon receptor and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor in β cells. To address which proglucagon peptides stimulate insulin secretion, we developed an assay to quantify levels of GLP-1(7–36)NH 2 . We also generated three transgenic mouse lines that allow α cell-specific, inducible deletion of the genes for the two prohormone convertase enzymes that process proglucagon . Our studies reveal that both mouse and human islets contain GLP-1(7–36)NH2, but glucagon mediates α cell–to–β cell communication in mice. However, in the absence of normal production of glucagon, α cells up-regulate prohormone convertase 1 (PC1/3) to generate GLP-1 and enhance glucose tolerance. Human islets have substantially higher levels of GLP-1 than mice, which positively correlate with rates of insulin secretion. These studies show plasticity in proglucagon processing to support α cell–to–β cell communication.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Canqi Cui and Danielle C. Leander and Sarah M. Gray and Kimberley El and Alex Chen and Paul A. Grimsrud and Jessica O. Becker and Austin Taylor and Guo-Fang Zhang and Kyle W. Sloop and C. Bruce Verchere and Andrew N. Hoofnagle and David A. D’Alessio and Jonathan E. Campbell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8048}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady8048}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {α cells use both PC1/3 and PC2 to process proglucagon peptides and control insulin secretion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A misaligned protostellar disk fed by gas streamers in a barred spiral-like massive dense core. SCIADV, 11(38), eady6953. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-mass stars, born in massive dense cores (MDCs), profoundly affect the cosmic ecosystem through feedback processes and metal enrichment, yet little is known about how MDCs assemble and transfer mass across scales to form high-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs). Using multiscale [40 to 2500 astronomical units (au)] observations of an MDC hosting an HMYSO, we identify a coherent dynamical structure analogous to barred spiral galaxies: three ~20,000 au spiral arms feed a ~7500 au central bar, which channels gas to a ~2000 au pseudodisk. Further accretion proceeds through the inner structures, including a Keplerian disk and an inner disk (~100 au), which are thought to be driving a collimated bipolar outflow. These multiscale structures (spiral arms, bar, streamers, envelope, disk, and outflow) have been simultaneously observed as a physically coherent structure within an MDC. Our discovery suggests that well-organized hierarchical structures play a crucial role during the gas accretion and angular momentum buildup of a massive disk.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaofeng Mai and Tie Liu and Xunchuan Liu and Bo Zhang and Paul F. Goldsmith and Neal J. EvansII and Qizhou Zhang and Kee-Tae Kim and Dongting Yang and Mika Juvela and Fengwei Xu and Wenyu Jiao and Hongli Liu and Patricio Sanhueza and Guido Garay and Xi Chen and Shengli Qin and Jakobus M. Vorster and Anandmayee Tej and Zhiyuan Ren and Sami Dib and Shanghuo Li and Qiuyi Luo and Jihye Hwang and Prasanta Gorai and Ariful Hoque and Yichen Zhang and Jeong-Eun Lee and Siju Zhang and Emma Mannfors and Devika Tharakkal and Lokesh Dewangan and Leonardo Bronfman and Pablo García and Xindi Tang and Swagat R. Das and Gang Wu and Chang-Won Lee and James O. Chibueze and Yankun Zhang and Qilao Gu and Ken’ichi Tatematsu and Guangli Wang and Lei Zhu and Zhiqiang Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady6953}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady6953}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A misaligned protostellar disk fed by gas streamers in a barred spiral-like massive dense core}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Frictional strength regulated by roughness alignment. SCIADV, 11(38), eady6779. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rough contacts are ubiquitous, yet the impacts of the roughness matching on frictional behavior remain insufficiently understood. We investigate how slow shear and stick-slip transition depend on the roughness alignment between contacting surfaces. By rotating one surface with respect to the other, we precisely control roughness matching, enabling nearly an order-of-magnitude variation in the maximum static friction coefficient. Both the variation amplitude and the angular range over which the frictional strength varies are governed by roughness alignment. Universal statistical patterns emerge in micromechanical quantities, including the microcontact area, orientation, deformation, and their evolutions under shear, following generalized extreme value distributions. To quantify asperity interactions, we introduce the contact fabric tensor, whose anisotropy provides a unified measure of roughness matching and a predictor for frictional strength and sliding onset. These findings advance our understanding of friction at rough interfaces and inform the design of mechanical systems, adhesives, and fault models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shaoqi Huang and Shuwen Zhang and Deheng Wei and Hengxu Song and Yifan Li and Jianwei Cheng and Hu Zhao and Siyang Song and Zeqing Li and Liang Li and Shubao Shao and Chongpu Zhai and Minglong Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady6779}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady6779}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Frictional strength regulated by roughness alignment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gangliosides modulate the secretion of extracellular vesicles and their misfolded protein cargo. SCIADV, 11(38), eady5212. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids with important roles in cell signaling and neuroprotection. While present on extracellular vesicles (EVs)—key mediators of intercellular communication—their role in EV biogenesis remains unclear. Here, we identify gangliosides as key modulators of EV biogenesis, with the specific composition of their glycan headgroup and the presence or absence of sialic acid and N -acetyl- d -galactosamine residues dictating whether they promote or inhibit EV biogenesis. GM1 and other complex gangliosides enhance EV secretion, while disruption of ganglioside synthesis impairs it. GM1 supplementation restores EV secretion in Huntington’s disease (HD) fibroblasts and cell models with ganglioside deficiency, including models of neurodegenerative diseases caused by a genetic block of ganglioside synthesis. Notably, GM1 enhances EV-mediated secretion of pathogenic misfolded proteins, including mutant huntingtin (mHTT), α-synuclein, and tau, reducing intracellular burden and providing mechanistic insight into the mHTT-lowering effects of GM1 in HD models. Our findings shed light on the neuroprotective roles of gangliosides and their therapeutic potential in misfolded protein disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {John Monyror and Vaibhavi Kadam and Luis Carlos Morales and Diego Ordóñez and Jeremies Ibanga and Asifa K. Zaidi and Emily McNamara and Desmond Pink and Magnus Stenlund and Ken Reyes and Aislinn D. Maguire and Jing Huang and Leonardo M. Cortez and Valerie L. Sim and Sue-Ann Mok and Elena Posse de Chaves and Simonetta Sipione}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady5212}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady5212}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gangliosides modulate the secretion of extracellular vesicles and their misfolded protein cargo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthesized kuramoto potential via optomechanical floquet engineering. SCIADV, 11(38), eady4167. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synchronization is a ubiquitous scientific phenomenon in various mesoscopic oscillators. Despite its extensive importance in both nonlinear physics and innovative technologies, their dynamics in laboratory experiments is restricted to a nearly static regime governed by fixed device and system structures. Here, we explore multistable and dynamically tunable synchronization using Floquet engineering technique. Applying a periodically modulated laser light to optomechanical oscillators allows for stable and precise control of oscillator couplings. This enables us to not only explore the physics of quantized integer and fractional phase slips but also synthesize multioctave synchronizations of mechanical oscillators that exhibit tailorable multistability. Furthermore, the dynamically manipulated synchronizations lead to an exotic phase-space trajectory, which has a nontrivial winding number and giant nonreciprocity. This optomechanical Floquet engineering opens up the study of unexplored dynamics in complicated oscillator networks such as biological systems and innovative technology by mimicking their highly efficient information processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Motoki Asano and Hajime Okamoto and Hiroshi Yamaguchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4167}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady4167}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthesized kuramoto potential via optomechanical floquet engineering}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Auxin controls rice root angle via kinase OsILA1-mediated cell wall modifications. SCIADV, 11(38), eady2320. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Auxin-mediated root gravitropism critically determines root angle, a key trait that underpins root system architecture (RSA). Auxin response factors (ARFs) regulate this process, but their downstream targets and functions remain unclear. We demonstrate that OsARF12 and OsARF25 induce cell wall thickness in epidermal cells of the lower side of the root, positioning auxin as a “break” of these cells during gravistimulation by directly regulating Increased Leaf Angle1 ( OsILA1 ) through a dual set of auxin response elements. Our study therefore establishes a direct link between auxin transcriptional signaling and cell wall fortification, driving the differential cell elongation required for root gravitropism and angle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoyun Song and Suhang Yu and Qiaoyi Li and Yali Xiong and Dilixiadanmu Tashenmaimaiti and Malcolm J. Bennett and Staffan Persson and Xiuzhen Kong and Rahul Bhosale and Guoqiang Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2320}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady2320}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Auxin controls rice root angle via kinase OsILA1-mediated cell wall modifications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineering nanopore in monolayer WS2 for single-molecule imaging on the atomic-scale flat 2D surfaces. SCIADV, 11(38), eady2148. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) materials often face limitations in molecular adsorption due to the absence of dangling bonds, affecting their performance as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. We address this by engineering defects, specifically nanopores, in monolayer WS 2 through controlled plasma treatments. These nanopores create dangling bonds to improve molecular adsorption for molecule enrichment and dynamically modulate the WS 2 bandgap to optimize band alignment with rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules. This leads to a shift in photoluminescence peaks from red to blue with increasing defect density. Furthermore, the Raman signal is amplified by localized electromagnetic fields around the nanopores and carefully chosen resonance laser wavelengths. This combination allows blue-shifted WS 2 to achieve single-molecule SERS detection, with a sensitivity limit reaching 1 × 10 −20 M for R6G. Using SERS mapping, we visualize adsorption sites, confirming the nanopores’ role as active sites. Our study introduces a pioneering method for developing ultrasensitive 2D SERS substrates and advances the understanding of SERS mechanisms on 2D materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haoqi He and Mingchuang Zhao and Hengyue Xu and Liang Chang and Yuyuan Jiang and Yichao Bai and Cong Wang and Huiyu Nong and Lan Ma and Lin Gan and Tianyi Zhang and Feiyu Kang and Bilu Liu and Yu Lei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2148}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady2148}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineering nanopore in monolayer WS2 for single-molecule imaging on the atomic-scale flat 2D surfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Color-resolved third harmonic generation microscopy for single-RBC HbA1c measurement and glycemic history assessment. SCIADV, 11(38), eady1318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The spectral absorption of biomolecules holds immense potential for revealing molecular identity, biological functions, and clinical diagnostics. Here, we present color-resolved third harmonic generation microscopy (cTHGM), a noninvasive method for molecular imaging based on absorption-enhanced THG response. Leveraging one single broadband femtosecond laser beam, cTHGM captures subtle absorption variations, including ~2-nanometer shifts in the Soret band, enabling precise distinction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from hemoglobin with negligible phototoxicity. We demonstrate that cTHGM measures HbA1c fractions in single red blood cells (RBCs) in vivo and ex vivo, providing noninvasive HbA1c measurement and insights into HbA1c distribution at the cellular level. In addition, cTHGM reconstructs historical glycemic trajectories by decoding single-RBC HbA1c distributions, offering a retrospective view of glycemic variability over months. This innovative method combines label-free imaging, high spatial and spectral resolution, and noninvasive manners, making it a promising tool for diabetes management, glycemic variability monitoring, and broader applications in precision medicine.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuhao Ye and Hui-Yuan Chen and Hao-Cheng Gao and Jin-Ying Lu and Yi-Hua Liao and Tzu-Ming Liu and Yu-Hsiang Cheng and Yajing Wei and Lei-Iat Seng and Youyuan Chen and Tzung-Dau Wang and Chi-Kuang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady1318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Color-resolved third harmonic generation microscopy for single-RBC HbA1c measurement and glycemic history assessment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A flexible spiking hair sensillum for ultralow power density noncontact perception. SCIADV, 11(38), eady0336. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The ability to recognize targets before physical contact is crucial for organisms’ adaptability to real-world environments. However, current noncontact sensing systems face challenges in power density and biological fidelity. Here, we report a flexible spiking hair sensillum (FISH) with an ultralow power density < 100 nanowatts per square millimeter for achieving noncontact tactile perception (NCTP). This device can transduce proximity or airflow into spike trains with a frequency range of ~500 to 1500 hertz. A spiking NCTP system is developed, achieving high accuracy (>92%) in multidimensional recognition of noncontact targets, mediated by airflow. Furthermore, we show that a spider robot equipped with a FISH matrix outperforms one relying exclusively on machine vision in tasks of predation and evasion, demonstrating high adaptability to complex environments. Our design enriches the perceptual modalities for neuromorphic systems, offering great potential for advancing future robotics and autonomous vehicles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haotian Long and Zhenhua Wan and Mengjiao Pei and Kailu Shi and Lesheng Qiao and Yi Shi and Qing Wan and Changjin Wan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0336}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eady0336}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A flexible spiking hair sensillum for ultralow power density noncontact perception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cell type–specific plasticity in synaptic, intrinsic, and sound response properties of deep-layer cortical neurons after noise trauma. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx9737. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Peripheral damage drives auditory cortex (ACtx) plasticity, but the underlying synaptic and cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We used a combination of in vitro slice electrophysiology, optogenetics, and in vivo two-photon imaging to investigate layer 5 extratelencephalic (ET) and layer 6 corticothalamic (CT) neuronal plasticity in mice, following noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Thalamocortical input was initially balanced between CTs and ETs but shifted to CT-dominant 1 day post-NIHL and then normalized by day 7. This transient shift was accompanied by increased quantal size and suprathreshold excitability in CTs, with minimal changes in ETs. In vivo, CTs exhibited persistent elevation in sound intensity thresholds, while ETs showed a transient shift in frequency tuning and reduced high-frequency responsiveness that recovered within a week. These findings reveal distinct, cell type–specific plasticity mechanisms in deep-layer ACtx neurons following peripheral damage and highlight potential targets for treating hearing loss–related disorders such as tinnitus and hyperacusis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanjun Zhao and Stylianos Kouvaros and Nathan A. Schneider and Rebecca F. Krall and Stephanie Lam and Megan P. Arnold and Ross S. Williamson and Thanos Tzounopoulos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9737}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx9737}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cell type–specific plasticity in synaptic, intrinsic, and sound response properties of deep-layer cortical neurons after noise trauma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oropouche virus efficiently replicates and is immunostimulatory in vivo in nonhuman primate species. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx9405. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An Oropouche virus (OROV) outbreak occurred in South America in 2024. The pathogenic potential and host immunological response of this emerging virus are largely unknown, as animal models have been poorly explored. We infected nonhuman primate (NHP) species with OROV and followed viral replication dynamics and subsequent innate and adaptive immunological responses. OROV efficiently replicated in pigtail macaques, rhesus macaques, and vervet African green monkeys. OROV also replicated in sabeus African green monkey, albeit at lower levels than other hosts. OROV RNA was detected in plasma and nasal swabs and infection-induced high levels of innate inflammation, type I interferon gene signatures, immunoglobulin M–positive B cell expansion, high titers of neutralizing antibodies, and detectable frequencies of OROV-specific T cells. Prior infection was protective against reinfection up to 524 days post–initial infection, demonstrating possible protective immunity induction against OROV infection. These data suggest that multiple NHP species are appropriate models for OROV infection and the development of therapeutics and vaccinations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Debra S. Yee and Jonathan P. Davies and Laura A. VanBlargan and Andrew R. Rahmberg and Katherine E. Burgomaster and Kelsie Brooks and Jacob K. Flynn and Byron Shue and Alexandra M. Ortiz and Paul Schaughency and Sonja M. Best and Theodore C. Pierson and Jason M. Brenchley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9405}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx9405}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oropouche virus efficiently replicates and is immunostimulatory in vivo in nonhuman primate species}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polycrystalline MAPbI3 AC-bias direct x-ray detectors for 3D reconstruction. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx8785. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metal halide perovskites offer exceptional sensitivity for direct x-ray detection through direct current (DC) signals, but the DC bias–induced ion migration poses substantial challenges to their signal consistency and operational stability. In this work, we propose a capacitance signal–based imaging strategy that uses an alternating current (AC) bias to suppress ion migration and eliminate nonlinear responses. A quantitative correlation between capacitance changes and x-ray dose rate is established, enabling stable, high-resolution imaging. Using this method, we achieve three-dimensional internal structure reconstruction with a simple single-pixel detector. This approach overcomes intrinsic material limitations and enhances signal reliability, providing a promising pathway toward the commercialization of low-cost, high-performance perovskite-based x-ray imaging and computed tomography systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziyao Zhu and Bo Zhao and Jun Wang and Sheng Gao and Yang He and Wenjun Liu and Xiumin Xu and Yunlong Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8785}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx8785}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polycrystalline MAPbI3 AC-bias direct x-ray detectors for 3D reconstruction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Beyond the tropopause hypothesis: Drivers of even mercury isotope fractionation unraveled by 3D modeling. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx8401. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mercury (Hg) is a globally persistent contaminant with substantial health impact. The mass-independent fractionation of even mercury isotopes (even-MIF, denoted as Δ 200 Hg) is widely used to trace atmospheric Hg sources and fluxes. However, the chemical processes inducing even-MIF remain largely unknown. Here, we develop a three-dimensional atmospheric Hg isotope model linking Hg redox processes with even-MIF. The results show that the previous hypothesis of even-MIF occurring exclusively at the tropopause may not fully explain the global Δ 200 Hg patterns. We speculate OH-initiated reactions and photoreduction of Hg II (p) as likely dominant drivers. Simulations show that even-MIF primarily originates in the free troposphere and propagates downward to surface air. Our results reveal distinct spatial Δ 200 Hg variations that were previously unaccounted for in tracing Hg sources. This study provides critical insights into even-MIF drivers and serves as a reference for using Δ 200 Hg to trace atmospheric Hg sources.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhengcheng Song and Shaojian Huang and Peng Zhang and Tengfei Yuan and Xin Miao and Kaihui Tang and Guangyi Sun and Xuewu Fu and Ruoyu Sun and Wang Zheng and Jiubin Chen and Yanxu Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8401}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx8401}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Beyond the tropopause hypothesis: Drivers of even mercury isotope fractionation unraveled by 3D modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy unveils light-driven redox dynamics at the semiconductor/cocatalyst interface. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx8089. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cobalt-based mixed oxides are widely studied as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, yet their role as photoelectrochemical cocatalysts remains debated due to scarce operando studies probing irradiation-induced structural changes. Here, we unveil redox dynamics of cobalt-iron oxide (CoFeO x ) cocatalysts in semiconductor photoanodes for solar water splitting. By combining operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with fixed-energy x-ray absorption voltammetry (FEXRAV) at semiconductor/cocatalyst interfaces, we provide an element-selective probe of Co oxidation states under dark and illuminated conditions. Our results reveal a previously unrecognized interfacial Co state, highlighting interface structure’s role in tuning catalytic activity. We observe light-induced reduction in oxidation state and cathodic shift in Co redox potentials, offering insights into hole transfer and catalytic behavior. Identification of a specific photocatalytic cycle, distinct from dark-state electrocatalysis, advances understanding of how light modulates rate-determining steps in OER. These findings underscore the power of operando x-ray techniques in elucidating interfacial charge transfer and guiding design of more efficient photoelectrochemical systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Raffaello Mazzaro and Alberto Piccioni and Marco Salvi and Pierpaolo Vecchi and Michele Mazzanti and Stefano Caramori and Federico Boscherini and Luca Pasquini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8089}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx8089}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy unveils light-driven redox dynamics at the semiconductor/cocatalyst interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A space-time holographic metasurface antenna. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx7090. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Holography is a revolutionary imaging technology capable of storing and recovering full-wave information of the light fields scattered by objects. However, current hologram configurations are based on space-only modulation and can merely record the amplitude and phase information of object lights. Here, we advance the holography concept by transitioning it from a space-only, homodyne, and single-tone approach to a spatiotemporal, heterodyne, and multifrequency methodology. We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a space-time holographic metasurface antenna (HMA) capable of encoding and reconstructing the full amplitude, phase, and frequency contents of object waves. We demonstrate the HMA for frequency conversion and holographic beamforming in the far field, as well as multifrequency two-dimensional (2D) and 3D holographic imaging in the near field. The proposed integrative and multifunctional space-time HMA goes beyond the existing holography technology, with the potential to enable a plethora of applications such as augmented/virtual reality, data storage, metrology, and wireless communications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Geng-Bo Wu and Jun Yan Dai and Yiqing Sun and Kam Man Shum and Ka Fai Chan and Qiang Cheng and Tie Jun Cui and Chi Hou Chan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7090}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx7090}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A space-time holographic metasurface antenna}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polarization vortices of thermal emission. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx6252. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polarization vortices, crucial constituents of singular optics, manifest as vortices of polarization states around singularities. Recent progress has linked polarization vortices with bound states in the continuum (BICs) in optical waves. However, this association has not been explored in the realm of thermal emission, which holds the potential for generating arbitrary polarizations in a single thermal emitter. Here, we implement a polarization vortex thermal emitter (PVTE) based on BICs in a photonic crystal slab (PCS), allowing for the generation of various polarization states simultaneously along different directions. Using a custom-designed polarized angle-resolved thermal emission spectrometer (PARTES), we experimentally confirm polarization vortices of thermal emission originating from BICs with different charges and types. The proposed PVTEs present effective strategies for controlling thermal emission and show promising applications in infrared optical technology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ye Zhang and Qiang Wang and Meng Xiao and Tao Liu and Fan Zhong and Zhenxin Lai and Shining Zhu and Hui Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6252}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx6252}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polarization vortices of thermal emission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ERAD machinery controls the conditional turnover of PIN-LIKES in plants. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx5027. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Auxin is a crucial phytohormone that regulates plant development and facilitates dynamic responses to environmental changes through subcellular control mechanisms. PIN-LIKES (PILS) are auxin transport facilitators at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that mediate nuclear auxin abundance and signaling. Although the posttranslational regulation of PILS is important for acclimating growth responses, the molecular mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. This study demonstrates that components of the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery regulate the proteasome-dependent degradation of functional PILS proteins under nonstressed conditions. We further reveal that both internal and external signals use the ERAD complex to differentially modulate the turnover rates of PILS proteins. Our findings uncover an additional physiological role of the ERAD complex in regulating PILS protein turnover. This finding uncovers the interplay between protein homeostasis at the ER and growth regulation, opening unexplored molecular avenues into how plants acclimate to internal and external cues.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seinab Noura and Jonathan Ferreira Da Silva Santos and Elena Feraru and Sebastian N. W. Hoernstein and Mugurel I. Feraru and Laura Montero-Morales and Ann-Kathrin Rößling and David Scheuring and Richard Strasser and Pitter F. Huesgen and Sascha Waidmann and Jürgen Kleine-Vehn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5027}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx5027}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ERAD machinery controls the conditional turnover of PIN-LIKES in plants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A practical 4.8-V Li||LiCoO2 battery. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx5020. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Raising the charging voltage of a lithium||lithium cobalt oxide (Li||LiCoO 2 ) battery is a shortcut to realize high energy density in portable electronics, while the fragile interface of highly delithiated LiCoO 2 (>4.55 volts) can trigger the lattice oxygen release, thus leading to severe interfacial degradation and structural collapse. Here, using lithium pentadecafluorooctanoate as a fluorine source to build robust lithium fluoride–rich electrode-electrolyte interfaces, stable Li||LiCoO 2 batteries at high voltage have been realized, capable of cycling 1500, 600, and 188 times at 4.6, 4.7, and 4.8 volts, respectively. Furthermore, the practicality of Li||LiCoO 2 batteries at an unprecedented cutoff voltage of 4.8 volts has been validated by a 2.7–ampere hour pouch cell, which shows a superior energy density of 544 watt-hours per kilogram and can operate more than 50 cycles. Our exploration of 4.8-volt LiCoO 2 may pave the way to ceaselessly approach its theoretical capacity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Xiong and Dedi Li and Shimei Li and Dechao Zhang and Ruhong Li and Shuoqing Zhang and Shixun Wang and Hu Hong and Daming Zhu and Qi Liu and Xiulin Fan and Chunyi Zhi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5020}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx5020}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A practical 4.8-V Li||LiCoO2 battery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Specific host-algae relationship, yet flexible bacterial microbiome, in diatom-bearing foraminifera. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx4098. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Whether the adaptive strategies of marine mixotrophs, organisms that combine heterotrophic and autotrophic nutrition, in response to global change are rooted in their symbiotic relationships is debated, especially for larger benthic foraminifera. Despite their importance in the ecosystem, there are controversial findings regarding the specificity of their algal endobionts, preventing a deeper understanding of their adaptive strategies. Using single-cell metabarcoding on 243 diatom-bearing foraminifera specimens from Indonesia, we found one highly dominant diatom strain in each foraminiferal host species bearing at least 90% of the reads in a majority of host species, whereas the bacterial community was very flexible, with only 25% of the variation explained by water depth, substrate type, location, and host species. Our results suggest that the adaptive strategy of the foraminiferal holobiont rather lies within its bacterial endobiome. Its dynamism likely facilitates the adaptive potential of foraminifera, supporting their proliferation across different environmental settings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elsa B. Girard and Laura del Rio-Hortega and Andi M. A. Pratama and Sophie Volkenandt and Jan-Niklas Macher and Susanne Wilken and Willem Renema}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4098}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx4098}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Specific host-algae relationship, yet flexible bacterial microbiome, in diatom-bearing foraminifera}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-performance piezoelectric nanocomposite of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) with 2D crystalline ferroelectric chalcogel. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx3444. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferro-piezoelectricity occurs in robust and ordered crystalline materials, where polarization is reoriented under an external field. However, complex electric fields, disordered networks, and porous materials with poor crystallinity hinder the development of high-performance ferro-piezoelectric materials. Here, we describe two-dimensional (2D) crystalline Na-Mn-Sn-S chalcogels ([Sn 2 S 6 ] 4− :Mn 2+ at a molar ratio of 1:0.5; NMSC-1) with a unique arrangement within a disordered network, resulting in unprecedented intrinsic ferro-piezoelectric characteristics. The NMSC-1 can be used as an efficient filler in poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoro ethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)]/NMSC-1 nanocomposite, enhancing crystallization of P(VDF-TrFE) and its ferro-piezoelectricity. Even at a low filler content of 0.5 wt %, the P(VDF-TrFE)/NMSC-1 nanocomposite exhibits superior piezoelectric performance compared with pure P(VDF-TrFE), P(VDF-TrFE)/other Na-Mn-Sn-S chalcogels (NMSC-2 and NMSC-3 with [Sn 2 S 6 ] 4− :Mn 2+ molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, respectively) with poor crystallinity, and nanocomposites of P(VDF-TrFE) and other 2D nanomaterials (Na-Mn-Sn-S powders, MgAl-layered double hydroxides, and SnS 2 nanoflowers), implying potential uses in sensing applications and the harvesting of mechanical energy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Trung Dieu Do and Thanh Duy Cam Ha and Minh Chien Nguyen and Tran Quang Trung and Jae-Hyeok Cho and Minh Nhut Le and Bobin Kang and Woo Jong Yu and Myung-Gil Kim and Nae-Eung Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3444}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx3444}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-performance piezoelectric nanocomposite of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) with 2D crystalline ferroelectric chalcogel}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interfacial solar evaporation transforms brine mineral recovery. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx3242. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interfacial solar evaporation (ISE), primarily developed for desalination, offers a potential pathway for brine mining. This perspective review provides an initial assessment of how ISE might mitigate the drawbacks of traditional evaporation ponds, such as prolonged processing and extensive land use, in the context of rising mineral demand. We examine the latest advancements in the ISE technology, focusing on materials innovations and heat management designed for high-salinity brines, which are key to enabling rapid evaporation and selective mineral recovery. Looking forward, we analyze the critical challenges that hinder the transition of ISE from laboratory to industry, including material stability, long-term durability, technoeconomic viability, and potential environmental risks. Acknowledging that the practical implementation of ISE is not yet certain, this study outlines a potential road map to guide the efforts needed to overcome these barriers and realize the goal of efficient, sustainable mineral extraction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaijie Yang and Meiqi Yang and Hongxu Chen and Sunxiang Zheng and Aashish Khandelwal and Rodney D. Priestley and Zhiyong Jason Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3242}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx3242}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interfacial solar evaporation transforms brine mineral recovery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum cryptography integrating an optical quantum memory. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx3223. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developments in scalable quantum networks rely critically on optical quantum memories, which are key components enabling the storage of quantum information. These memories play a pivotal role for entanglement distribution and long-distance quantum communication, with remarkable advances achieved in this context. However, optical memories have broader applications, and their storage and buffering capabilities can benefit a wide range of future quantum technologies. Here, we present the demonstration of a cryptography protocol incorporating an intermediate quantum memory layer. Specifically, we implement Wiesner’s unforgeable quantum money primitive with a storage step, rather than as an on-the-fly procedure. This protocol imposes stringent requirements on storage efficiency and noise level to reach a secure regime. We demonstrate the implementation with polarization encoding of weak coherent states of light and a high-efficiency cold atom–based quantum memory and validate the full scheme. Our results showcase a major capability, opening broader avenues for quantum memory utilization and network functionalities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hadriel Mamann and Thomas Nieddu and Félix Hoffet and Mathieu Bozzio and Félix Garreau de Loubresse and Iordanis Kerenidis and Eleni Diamanti and Alban Urvoy and Julien Laurat}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3223}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx3223}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum cryptography integrating an optical quantum memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin secretion in mice. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx2752. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ketogenic diets (KDs)—very-low-carbohydrate and very-high-fat diets—have gained popularity as therapeutic against obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, their long-term effects on metabolic health remain understudied. Here, we show that, in male and female mice, a KD protects against weight gain and induces weight loss but over time leads to the development of hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and severe glucose intolerance. Unlike mice on conventional high-fat diet, KD-fed mice remain insulin sensitive and display low-insulin levels. Hyperglycemic clamp and ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assays revealed systemic and cell-intrinsic impairments in insulin secretion. Transcriptomic profiling of islets from KD-fed mice indicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi stress and disrupted ER-Golgi protein trafficking, which were confirmed by electron microscopy showing a dilated Golgi network consistent with defective insulin granule trafficking and secretion. Together, these results suggest that long-term KD leads to multiple aberrations of metabolic parameters that caution their systematic use as a health-promoting dietary intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Molly R. Gallop and Renan F.L. Vieira and Peyton D. Mower and Elijah T. Matsuzaki and Willisa Liou and Faith E. Smart and Seth Roberts and Kimberley J. Evason and William L. Holland and Amandine Chaix}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2752}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx2752}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin secretion in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Highly efficient coherent amplification of zero-field spin waves in YIG nanowaveguides. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx2018. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transmission and processing of information at the nanoscale using spin waves and their quanta—magnons—offer numerous advantages and opportunities that make it a promising next-generation technology for integrated electronics. The main challenges that still need to be addressed to ensure high competitiveness of magnonic devices include finding ways to efficiently amplify spin waves in nanostructures and developing nanocircuits that can operate without the need for an external bias magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate how these two challenges can be solved using nanowaveguides fabricated from a low-loss magnetic insulator. We show that using local parametric pumping with a power of only a few milliwatts, one can achieve coherent amplification of spin-wave pulses by more than two orders of magnitude at zero bias magnetic field. Our results provide a simple solution to problems that have long prevented the implementation of efficient integrated magnonic circuits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kirill O. Nikolaev and Stephanie R. Lake and Bikash Das Mohapatra and Georg Schmidt and Sergej O. Demokritov and Vladislav E. Demidov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2018}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx2018}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Highly efficient coherent amplification of zero-field spin waves in YIG nanowaveguides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomimetic janus MXene membrane with bidirectional ion permselectivity for enhanced osmotic effects and iontronic logic control. SCIADV, 11(38), eadx1184. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Osmotic efficiency is fundamentally governed by the balance between membrane ion selectivity and permeability, a challenge central to both biological signal transmission and sustainable energy conversion. Conventional membranes are constrained to unidirectional transport of either cations or anions, severely limiting their versatility and performance. Inspired by the chloride voltage-gated channel 5 (ClC-5), we engineered a biomimetic Janus NP-MXene membrane featuring subnanochannels (~6.0 angstrom) and exceptional structural integrity, enabling controlled, simultaneous Na + /Cl − transport with unprecedented permselectivity. Under a 50-fold salinity gradient, the NP-MXene membrane achieved a record power density of 85.1 watts per square meter and an osmotic potential of 181.5 millivolts, the highest reported for a single device. Harnessing ion-specific signals from multi-ion transport, we further demonstrated an iontronic transistor capable of modulating ion flow by salinity gradients, eliminating the need for external gate voltage. This advance enables encoded signals and robotic control for advanced human-machine interfaces. The scalable fabrication of nanofluidic channels facilitates high-performance iontronics for efficient energy-information flow.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Han Qian and Hongzhao Fan and Puguang Peng and Yan Du and Xiang Li and Yanhui Liu and Feiyao Yang and Yanguang Zhou and Zhong Lin Wang and Di Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1184}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadx1184}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomimetic janus MXene membrane with bidirectional ion permselectivity for enhanced osmotic effects and iontronic logic control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Post-translational modifications of SOG1 enable dynamic control of plant DNA damage response. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw9803. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA damage response (DDR) is essential for maintaining genome stability and thus is tightly controlled to prevent misactivation in the absence of DNA damage and to ensure rapid activation when DNA damage occurs. Although the mechanisms of DDR activation have been extensively studied, how DDR is kept inactive is far less well understood, especially in plants. Here, we show that the plant-specific transcription factor SOG1, a master regulator of the plant DDR, interacts with PRL1, which functions as a substrate adaptor of the Cullin4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4 PRL1 to polyubiquitinate SOG1, promoting SOG1 degradation through 26 S proteasome. When DNA damage occurs, PRL1 is degraded and SOG1 is phosphorylated, both of which impair the polyubiquitination and degradation of SOG1. This study demonstrated that plants dynamically control DDR by regulating the phosphorylation and polyubiquitination of SOG1.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weiyi Bao and Zhiping Deng and Siyu Zhuang and Chenming Xu and Ziqian Yang and Mingxi Zheng and Ran Zhang and Meizhi Xu and Shunping Yan and Lili Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9803}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw9803}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Post-translational modifications of SOG1 enable dynamic control of plant DNA damage response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mapping the genetic landscape of iron metabolism uncovers the SETD2 methyltransferase as a modulator of iron flux. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw9095. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cellular iron levels must be tightly regulated to ensure sufficient iron for essential enzymatic functions while avoiding the harmful generation of toxic species. Here, to better understand how iron levels are controlled, we carry out genome-wide mutagenesis screens in human cells. Alongside mapping known components of iron sensing, we determine the relative contributions of iron uptake, iron recycling, ferritin breakdown, and mitochondrial flux in controlling the labile iron pool. We also identify SETD2, a histone methyltransferase, as a chromatin modifying enzyme that controls intracellular iron availability through ferritin breakdown. Functionally, we show that SETD2 inhibition or cancer-associated SETD2 mutations render cells iron deficient, thereby driving resistance to ferroptosis and potentially explaining how some tumors evade antitumoral immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anthony W. Martinelli and Chun-Pei Wu and Tristan Vornbäumen and Hudson W. Coates and Louise H. Jordon and Niek Wit and Jia J. Sia and Anneliese O. Speak and James A. Nathan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9095}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw9095}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mapping the genetic landscape of iron metabolism uncovers the SETD2 methyltransferase as a modulator of iron flux}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selective ion transport of nonlinear resistive switching by hierarchical nanometer-to-angstrom channels for nanofluidic transistors. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw7882. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nanoconfined selective ion transport shows promise for achieving biomimetic ion separation and iontronics information transmission. However, exploration of tunable nonlinearity of ion transport is formidable due to the challenge in fabrication of nanochannel devices of exquisite nanoconfined architectures. Here, we report a hierarchical metal-organic framework (MOF)–based nanofluidic device of multiscale heterogeneous channel junctions to achieve unprecedented triode-like nonlinear proton transport, in contrast with diode-like rectifying transport for metal ions. Through experiments and theoretical simulations, we unveil the underlying mechanism for this unique nonlinear proton transport property, i.e., the gating effect from the built-in electric potential across the MOF phase junctions enabled by voltage bias above a threshold. As a proof-of-concept application demonstration, the nanofluidic device exhibits an ionic memory property as a nanofluidic memristor. This finding of proton-specific nonlinear resistive switching and memristive phenomenon can inspire future studies into nanofluidic iontronics and mass transport by rational design of coupled nanometric and angstrom-sized confinement.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoyi Hu and Hengyu Xu and Jun Lu and Fenglu Cui and Heng-An Wu and Fengchao Wang and Lei Jiang and Kostya S. Novoselov and Huanting Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7882}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw7882}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selective ion transport of nonlinear resistive switching by hierarchical nanometer-to-angstrom channels for nanofluidic transistors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiple equilibria enables tunable wetting of droplets on patterned liquid surfaces. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw6615. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Patterning solid surfaces with varying wettability is important to manage droplets in microfluidics, heat transfer, and printing. Solid surface roughness poses fundamental limitations including contact-line pinning and solid friction. Here, we report an experimental strategy and theoretical design principles for patterned liquid surfaces (PaLS) that combine the controlled wettability from patterning with the ultrasmoothness of a lubricant-infused surface. In contrast to a solid, on PaLS, a droplet can be in 10 different wetting states. This richness arises from the adaptation of the liquid lubricants and can be harnessed to control the apparent contact angle of the droplet over the full range of wettability while removing contact-line pinning effects induced by the solid surface. In the limit of thin liquid films, we derive surface-averaged laws for the apparent contact angle for each wetting state, which capture both experimental and simulation data. Our results provide a distinct approach to surface patterning that exploits the interaction of fluids with lubricant-impregnated surfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xitong Zhang and Hongyu Zhao and Jack R. Panter and Glen McHale and Gary G. Wells and Rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar and Halim Kusumaatmaja}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6615}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw6615}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiple equilibria enables tunable wetting of droplets on patterned liquid surfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanofiber membranes for enhanced performance and optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw5747. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are critical to fuel cell performance, where ion transport, catalyst activity, and mass transfer determine efficiency and durability. However, conventional membranes in PEM fuel cells often suffer from hydrogen crossover, limited conductivity, and poor interfacial stability. To address these challenges, this study develops a nanofiber membrane system with synergistic structural and interfacial enhancement. Through nanofiber architecture and surface engineering, the membrane balances proton conductivity, mechanical strength and electrochemical performance. The sandwich-structure nanofiber membrane (SSNFM) achieves a peak power density of 942 mW cm −2 after 100-hour accelerated stress testing, substantially outperforming conventional commercial membranes (520 mW cm −2 ). Electrochemical characterization confirms enhanced proton conductivity for SSNFM (40.4 mS cm −1 ) compared to commercial membranes (17.5 mS cm −1 ). Multiscale analyses, including x-ray computed tomography and multiphase simulations, reveal improved membrane properties, catalyst layer stability, and triple-phase boundary formation, facilitating efficient charge and mass transport. This work presents a membrane design strategy to enhance fuel cell performance in sustainable energy applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Heng Zhai and Jianuo Chen and Chen Meng and Xiaochen Yang and Zeyu Zhou and Ling Ai and Jiashen Li and Thomas S. Miller and Maria Perez-Page and Stuart M. Holmes}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5747}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw5747}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanofiber membranes for enhanced performance and optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multistable bimodal perceptual coding within the ventral premotor cortex. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw5500. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {How neurons in the ventral premotor cortex (VPC) integrate and process multimodal sensory information remains unclear. We recorded VPC neuronal activity in two monkeys performing a tactile or acoustic bimodal detection task (BDT). Single-cell analyses revealed purely tactile, purely acoustic, bimodal, and decision-mnemonic responses. Population analyses of the VPC network and a recurrent neural network trained on the BDT uncovered notably similar latent dynamics. In both networks, neural trajectories diverged sharply from rest along modality-specific directions during stimulus presentation, while remained at rest during stimulus-absent trials. Subsequently, trajectories rotated toward a mnemonic subspace, where perceptual decisions (acoustic, tactile, and absent) were maintained in three distinctly different stable attractors. Using low-dimensional modeling, we propose a universal mechanism for the transition from sensory processing to memory retention explaining both biological and artificial latent neural dynamics in a simple dynamical motif. These results show that VPC neurons encode bimodal information, can integrate competing sensory inputs, and maintain multimodal perceptual decisions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bernardo Andrade-Ortega and Héctor Díaz and Lucas Bayones and Manuel Alvarez and Antonio Zainos and Natsuko Rivera-Yoshida and Alessio Franci and Ranulfo Romo and Román Rossi-Pool}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5500}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw5500}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multistable bimodal perceptual coding within the ventral premotor cortex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Attosecond spectroscopy reveals spontaneous symmetry breaking in molecular photoionization. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw5415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spontaneous symmetry breaking, driven by nonadiabatic electron-nuclear coupling, can lead to geometric complexity in molecules and solids. While structural distortion from symmetry breaking occurs in femtoseconds, the timescale to lift electronic state degeneracy has remained elusive. We use the vibrationally resolved attosecond chronoscope to capture the electronic symmetry breaking induced by the Renner-Teller effect in bent CO 2 molecules after photoionization by an extreme ultraviolet photon by measuring attosecond ionization delays. Relative photoionization delays between the four cation states are observed, with vibrational state–dependent delays, we analyze the evolution of the degenerate A 2 Π u state to the nondegenerate A ′ and A ″ states due to molecular bending. With the help of theoretical analysis, we show that the relative photoionization delays of up to 72 as between the vibrational levels originate from the symmetry breaking–induced shape resonance. This study offers fundamental insights by resolving the coupled electron and structural dynamics simultaneously.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mingxuan Li and Leshi Zhao and Huiyong Wang and Jialong Li and Wentao Wang and Jiaao Cai and Xiaochun Hong and Xiaosen Shi and Ming Zhang and Xinning Zhao and Robin Weissenbilder and David Busto and Mathieu Gisselbrecht and Kiyoshi Ueda and Sizuo Luo and Zheng Li and Dajun Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw5415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Attosecond spectroscopy reveals spontaneous symmetry breaking in molecular photoionization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable superconducting diode effect in a topological nano-SQUID. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw4898. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A Josephson diode passes current with zero resistance in one direction but is resistive in the other direction. While such an effect has been observed in several platforms, a large and tunable Josephson diode effect has been rare. Here, we report that a simple device consisting of a topological-insulator (TI) nanowire side-contacted by superconductors to form a lateral Josephson junction presents a large diode effect with the efficiency η reaching 0.3 when a parallel magnetic field B ‖ is applied. The sign and the magnitude of η are tunable not only by B ‖ but also by the back-gate voltage. This diode effect can be understood by modeling the system as a nano–superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), in which the top and bottom surfaces of the TI nanowire each form a line junction and B ‖ creates a magnetic flux to thread the SQUID loop. This model further shows that the observed diode effect marks the emergence of topological superconductivity in TI nanowire–based Josephson junction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ella Nikodem and Jakob Schluck and Max Geier and Michał Papaj and Henry F. Legg and Junya Feng and Mahasweta Bagchi and Liang Fu and Yoichi Ando}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4898}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw4898}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable superconducting diode effect in a topological nano-SQUID}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nipah virus matrix protein uses cortical actin to stabilize the virus assembly sites and promote budding. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw4609. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several enveloped viruses, including paramyxoviruses, assemble and bud from the host plasma membrane (PM). Nipah virus (NiV), a deadly zoonotic paramyxovirus, uses its matrix protein (M) to drive virus assembly and budding through dimerization and PM interaction. We show that NiV-M–mediated virus-like particle (VLP) production depends on its interaction with host F-actin via its carboxyl-terminal domain. We demonstrate that F-actin retains NiV-M assembly sites at the PM by analyzing NiV-M assembly kinetics. Disrupting actin dynamics or NiV-M–actin interaction alters M nanoscale organization and reduces membrane retention, without affecting initial recruitment. We also show that the Arp2/3 complex, an actin-branching factor, promotes VLP production. Inhibiting Arp2/3 reduces NiV-M retention at the PM and impairs protrusion formation while leaving the assembly rate unchanged. These findings suggest that the host F-actin retains NiV assembly sites on the PM and promotes virus budding via Arp2/3-driven actin branching.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingjing Wang and Vicky Kliemke and Mengyu Zhang and Jinxin Liu and Giuliana Leonarda Matta and Qian Wang and Yuhang Luo and GuanQun Liu and Qian Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4609}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw4609}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nipah virus matrix protein uses cortical actin to stabilize the virus assembly sites and promote budding}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure of the huntingtin F-actin complex reveals its role in cytoskeleton organization. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw4124. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Huntingtin protein (HTT), named for its role in Huntington’s disease, has been best understood as a scaffolding protein that promotes vesicle transport by molecular motors along microtubules. Here, we show that HTT also interacts with the actin cytoskeleton, and its loss of function disturbs the morphology and function of the axonal growth cone. We demonstrate that HTT organizes F-actin into bundles. Cryo–electron tomography (cryo-ET) and subtomogram averaging (STA) structural analyses reveal that HTT’s N-terminal HEAT and Bridge domains wrap around F-actin, while the C-terminal HEAT domain is displaced; furthermore, HTT dimerizes via the N-HEAT domain to bridge parallel actin filaments separated by ~20 nanometers. Our study provides the structural basis for understanding how HTT interacts with and organizes the actin cytoskeleton.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rémi Carpentier and Jaesung Kim and Mariacristina Capizzi and Hyeongju Kim and Florian Fäßler and Jesse M. Hansen and Min Jeong Kim and Eric Denarier and Béatrice Blot and Marine Degennaro and Sophia Labou and Isabelle Arnal and Maria J. Marcaida and Matteo Dal Peraro and Doory Kim and Florian K. M. Schur and Ji-Joon Song and Sandrine Humbert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4124}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw4124}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure of the huntingtin F-actin complex reveals its role in cytoskeleton organization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neofunctionalized RGF pathways drive haustorial organogenesis in parasitic plants. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw3965. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parasitic plants will initiate rapid de novo organogenesis of a specialized feeding structure called a haustorium upon contact with their hosts. Currently, little is known about the internal signals regulating haustorium development. Here, we identify root meristem growth factor (RGF) peptides in Phtheirospermum japonicum as endogenous inducers of prehaustorium formation. Treatment with specific RGF peptides in the absence of hosts triggered prehaustoria and induced expression of PjYUC3 , a gene required for auxin biosynthesis and prehaustorium formation. CRISPR-mediated knockouts showed that PjRGFR1 and PjRGFR3, receptors activated by the haustorium-specific RGF peptides PjRGF2 and PjRGF5, are essential for prehaustorium formation, revealing functional redundancy. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that PjRGF2 is broadly conserved among Orobanchaceae, whereas PjRGF5 appears to have recently evolved through segmental tandem multiplication. Our findings establish RGF peptides and their corresponding receptors as critical components of haustorium developmental signaling and provide insights into the evolutionary trajectories that shape plant parasitism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maxwell R. Fishman and Anne Greifenhagen and Takanori Wakatake and Anuphon Laohavisit and Ryoko Hiroyama and Sachiko Masuda and Arisa Shibata and Satoko Yoshida and Ken Shirasu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3965}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw3965}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neofunctionalized RGF pathways drive haustorial organogenesis in parasitic plants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Linear ubiquitination prevents lipodystrophy and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw2539. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adipocyte hypertrophy during obesity triggers chronic inflammation, leading to metabolic disorders. However, the role of adipocyte-specific inflammatory signaling in metabolic syndrome remains unclear. The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, LUBAC, is an E3-ligase that generates nondegradative linear ubiquitination (Lin-Ub). LUBAC regulates NF-κB/MAPK-driven inflammation and prevents cell death triggered by immune receptors like TNF receptor-1. Here, we show that mice lacking HOIP, the Lin-E3 ligase catalytic subunit of LUBAC, in adipocytes ( Hoip A-KO ) display lipodystrophy and heightened susceptibility to obesity-induced metabolic syndrome, particularly metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Mechanistically, loss of HOIP attenuates TNF-induced NF-κB activation and promotes cell death in human adipocytes. Inhibiting caspase-8–mediated cell death is sufficient to prevent lipodystrophy and MASLD in Hoip A-KO obese mice. HOIP expression in adipose tissue positively correlates with metabolic fitness in obese individuals. Overall, our findings reveal a fundamental developmental role for Lin-Ub in adipocytes by mitigating cell death–driven adipose tissue inflammation and protecting against obesity-related metabolic syndrome.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ximena Hildebrandt and Önay Veli and Armel Hyoubi and Julia Zinngrebe and Ali T. Abdallah and Julian Rodefeld and Anne Hoffmann and Liane Gardeweg and Öykü Kaya and Elena Wagner and Andreas Lindhorst and Matea Poggenberg and Yuan Wang and Joëlle Dimmler and Jutta Schillings and Pegi Koci and Francesca Bonechi and Lucas Valdez Capuccino and Christine Kiefer and Konstantinos Kelepouras and Adhideb Ghosh and Falko Noé and Christian Wolfrum and Michael Singer and Gianmaria Liccardi and Tom Luedde and Aslihan Yavas and Ahmed Ghallab and Jan G. Hengsler and Philipp Antczak and Martin Gericke and Holger Winkels and Matthias Blüher and Henning Walczak and Alessandro Annibaldi and Pamela Fischer-Posovszky and Nieves Peltzer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2539}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw2539}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Linear ubiquitination prevents lipodystrophy and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ethanol ingestion via frugivory in wild chimpanzees. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw1665. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human attraction to alcohol may derive from an evolutionary association between ethanol and fruits consumed by animals in nature. Fermentative yeasts are widespread in the terrestrial biosphere, and simple carbohydrates underpinning ethanol production are commonplace within fruits. We determined ethanol concentrations within fruits representing a substantial portion of the diet of our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees. Ripe fruit pulp from 20 angiosperm species in Côte d’Ivoire and Uganda contained an average value of 0.31 (± 0.21 SD) and 0.32% (± 0.20) ethanol (weight/weight), respectively, as scaled by annual chimpanzee feeding time per species at each site. Chimpanzees typically eat ~4.5 kilograms of fruit per day, corresponding to an estimated ethanol ingestion of 14 grams (±9), or the equivalent of 1.4 (±0.9) standard drinks by international standards. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that ethanol is widespread within tropical fruits and that modern predisposition to alcohol consumption derives from ancestral exposure to this psychoactive substance among frugivorous primates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aleksey Maro and Aaron A. Sandel and Bi Z. A. Blaiore and Roman M. Wittig and John C. Mitani and Robert Dudley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1665}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw1665}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ethanol ingestion via frugivory in wild chimpanzees}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chaperone nanomotors with chemotactic ability for the treatment of parkinson’s disease. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw1061. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) represents a pathogenic hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Using exogenous molecular chaperone systems has the potential to stabilize native conformations and inhibit the aberrant aggregation of α-syn, yet inefficient blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and insufficient accumulation at PD sites limit their application. Herein, we developed chemotactic chaperone nanomotors (CNMs) that exploit the unique pathological microenvironment of PD lesions, characterized by elevated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels. The CNMs consist of a chemotactic-targeting module capable of sensing an iNOS concentration gradient, an α-syn–specific recognition module with conformation-sensitive binding domains, and a protein regulatory module with a hydrophobic microdomain that can stabilize α-syn and prevent misfolding. Results demonstrate that CNMs can achieve active chemotactic navigation across BBB and dual modulation of α-syn proteostasis through aggregate dissolution and prevention of misfolding. CNMs not only supplement exogenous chaperone activity but also restore endogenous protein stabilization mechanisms, concurrently reducing neuroinflammatory markers, promoting the application of nanochaperones for PD treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenjing Wang and Xue Xia and Ziqiang Zhang and Qingya Zhu and Yu Chen and Yao Zhang and Lin Chen and Chun Mao and Mimi Wan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1061}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw1061}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chaperone nanomotors with chemotactic ability for the treatment of parkinson’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcriptomic diversity of amygdalar subdivisions across humans and nonhuman primates. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw1029. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The amygdaloid complex mediates learning, memory, and emotions. Understanding cellular and anatomical features specialized in the primate amygdala versus other mammals requires a systematic, anatomically resolved molecular analysis of neuron types. We analyzed five nuclear subdivisions of the primate amygdala with single-nucleus RNA sequencing in macaques, baboons, and humans to examine gene expression profiles for excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Integrated analyses across species identified diverse subtypes of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons that are highly conserved across primates. Compositional analyses revealed that subdivisions of the primate basolateral complex contain distinct classes of glutamatergic neurons and divergent gene expression profiles for parvalbumin and somatostatin GABAergic neurons. Referencing primate neuron types to transcriptomic atlases of the murine amygdala highlighted primate-specific specializations for glutamatergic neurons and identified which neuron types are conserved across mammals and amygdalar subdivisions. Understanding the molecular heterogeneity of anatomically resolved amygdalar neuron types provides a cellular framework for improving models of how amygdalar circuits contribute to cognition and mental health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael S. Totty and Rita Cervera Juanes and Svitlana V. Bach and Lamya Ben Ameur and Madeline R. Valentine and Evan Simons and McKenna D. Romac and Hoa Trinh and Krystal Henderson and Ishbel Del Rosario and Madhavi Tippani and Ryan A. Miller and Joel E. Kleinman and Stephanie Cerceo Page and Arpiar Saunders and Thomas M. Hyde and Keri Martinowich and Stephanie C. Hicks and Vincent D. Costa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1029}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw1029}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcriptomic diversity of amygdalar subdivisions across humans and nonhuman primates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cell-extrinsic controls over neocortical neuron fate and diversity. SCIADV, 11(38), eadw0218. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neocortical cellular diversity emerges gradually during development. Cell-extrinsic interactions shape this extended maturation, yet cell type–specific dependence on such cues has not been systematically examined. To address this, we compared how cell identity and diversity unfolds in different conditions during neocortical development. Conditions were modified in vivo using genetically modified mouse models in which position or innervation is altered and in vitro using two-dimensional cultures. This approach revealed a molecular hierarchy in which cell class–distinguishing features emerge first, followed by subclass- and type-related characteristics. Acquisition of cellular identity and diversity remained stable across in vivo models. In contrast, in vitro glutamatergic neurons showed decreased expression of identity-defining genes, reduced diversity, and alterations in connectivity. Cellular identity and diversity were closest to in vivo values in organotypic cultures. These findings reveal population-specific responses to environmental conditions and highlight the role of extracellular context in shaping cell diversity in the maturing neocortex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Natalia Baumann and Ilaria Morassut and Sergi Roig-Puiggros and Esther Klingler and Giorgia Bartolini and Sabine Fièvre and Denis Jabaudon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0218}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadw0218}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cell-extrinsic controls over neocortical neuron fate and diversity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polymeric microwave rectifiers enabled by monolayer-thick ionized donors. SCIADV, 11(38), eadv9952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Solution processing of polymeric semiconductors provides a facile way to fabricate functional diodes. However, energy barriers at metal-semiconductor interfaces often limit their performance. Here, we report rectifying polymer diodes with markedly modified energy-level alignments. The gold electrode surface was treated with a dimeric metal complex, which resulted in a shallow work function of 3.7 eV by forming a monolayer-thick ionized donor layer. When a polymeric semiconductor was coated on the treated electrode, most of the ionized donors remained at the metal-semiconductor interface. The confined ionized donors with the ideal thickness enabled fabrication of a polymer diode with a forward current density of over 100 A cm −2 . Furthermore, a power conversion efficiency of 7.9% was observed for rectification at a microwave frequency of 920 MHz, which is orders of magnitude higher than that reported for organic diodes. Our findings will pave a way to solution-processed high-frequency and high-power devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nobutaka Osakabe and Jeongeun Her and Takahiro Kaneta and Akiko Tajima and Elena Longhi and Kan Tang and Kazuhiro Fujimori and Stephen Barlow and Seth R. Marder and Shun Watanabe and Jun Takeya and Yu Yamashita}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv9952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polymeric microwave rectifiers enabled by monolayer-thick ionized donors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-molecule capture, release, and dynamical manipulation via reversible electrokinetic confinement (RECON). SCIADV, 11(38), eadv8863. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We present a nanofluidic device enabling single-molecule confinement through free-energy landscapes created by dynamic electrical gating of embedded nanoelectrodes. Unlike static geometric confinement, this system uses a parallel electrode configuration with nanoelectrodes placed in a dielectric layer. Localized electrokinetic fields at electrode wells form tunable attractive potential wells for bimolecular capture. By modulating the voltage bias waveform, the device allows precise control over confinement dynamics, enabling molecular capture, release, and exposure to periodic or stochastic confinement regimes. This flexibility facilitates the study of biomolecular behavior under dynamically adjustable conditions, including controlled confinement fluctuations. The device can manipulate diverse analytes such as double-stranded DNA, liposomes, and DNA nanotubes and facilitates introducing molecules into confined environments intact from bulk while providing enhanced tunability. With the ability to implement tailored confinement profiles, this platform represents a versatile tool for probing molecular confinement and behavior in complex, dynamically varying environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matheus A. S. Pessôa and Piotr Jakuc and Carolina Martins e Queiroz and Naomi Duggan and Ruiyao Liu and Seraphine Kautz and Sarah Ameur and Zezhou Liu and Wangwei Dong and Preethi Ravikumar and Sajad Shiekh and Han Cao and Michael Austin and Sara Mahshid and Deborah Fygenson and Walter Reisner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8863}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv8863}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-molecule capture, release, and dynamical manipulation via reversible electrokinetic confinement (RECON)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Increased global subseasonal whiplash by future BSISO behavior. SCIADV, 11(38), eadv6355. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Propagation patterns of 30- to 90-day boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) markedly affect subseasonal prediction. We show that global warming significantly alters BSISO propagation by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 projections. Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 5-8.5 scenario, the eastward mode’s expansion propagation speed shows a twofold increase from 5.1 ± 1.9 to 10.3 ± 2.0 meters per second by the late 21st century, with a remarkable eastward extension by ~30° longitude compared to the present climate. The accelerated eastward mode frequency is expected to rise by 15%, intensifying subseasonal precipitation whiplash worldwide and shortening disaster preparedness time. This acceleration results from an asymmetric pattern of boundary layer moisture convergence anomalies, driven by weakened Rossby wave westerlies and enhanced Kelvin wave response linked to warming-induced atmospheric stabilization and El Niño–like ocean surface warming pattern. Conversely, a projected weakening of easterly vertical shear over the northern Indian Ocean attenuates the Rossby wave response and favors more eastward expansion events.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tat Fan Cheng and Bin Wang and Fei Liu and Guosen Chen and Mengqian Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6355}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv6355}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Increased global subseasonal whiplash by future BSISO behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Defect passivation and crystallization modulation in methylammonium-free wide-bandgap perovskites for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. SCIADV, 11(38), eadv4501. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wide-bandgap (WBG; >1.65 electron volts) perovskites based on iodine-bromine (I-Br) mixed halides are critical components of perovskite-based tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, the uncontrolled crystallization dynamics of Br-rich species lead to reduced grain sizes and high defect densities in WBG perovskite films. Herein, a multifunctional additive 3,4,5-trifluorobenzamide (TFBZ) was introduced to enhance the crystallinity and passivate defects of the methylammonium (MA)–free WBG perovskite films. The TFBZ demonstrates superior passivation capability compared to benzamide, effectively mitigating both iodine vacancies and undercoordinated Pb 2+ defects via fluorine-enhanced interactions. In addition, the fluorine substituents in TFBZ could form N–H···F hydrogen bonds with formamidinium iodide to retard the crystallization rate of the perovskite. This proposed method is effective in defect passivation and crystal growth modulation for both 1.67– and 1.79–electron volt MA-free WBG perovskites, enabling the fabrication of MA-free all-perovskite TSCs with an encouraging power conversion efficiency of 29.01% (certified at 28.52%).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuefei Jia and Kaicheng Zhang and Xiaofeng Gao and Xufeng Liao and Yujie Yang and Weisheng Li and Xiaojing Lv and Xinyu Zhao and Jiali Liu and Yitong Ji and Zhongliang Yan and Qingguo Du and Fuzhi Huang and Zhiwei Ren and Yaxin Zhai and Wenchao Huang and Yang Bai and Canglang Yao and Qianqian Lin and Yi-Bing Cheng and Jinhui Tong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4501}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv4501}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Defect passivation and crystallization modulation in methylammonium-free wide-bandgap perovskites for all-perovskite tandem solar cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of van hove singularity interband plasmons in the kagome metal CsV3Sb5 for strong light-matter interactions. SCIADV, 11(38), eadv4476. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Van Hove singularities (VHSs) play a critical role in determining the properties of topological and correlated electronic states. Their associated excitations offer unique opportunities for exploring light-matter interactions reshaped by these correlated states, although experimental observations remain limited. Here, we studied the interaction between plasmons and VHS-related excitations in kagome metal CsV 3 Sb 5 films via far-field absorption spectroscopy. Notably, an anticrossing phenomenon was observed in the charge density wave states, with coupling strength approaching the strong coupling regime, indicating the formation of dispersive hybrid VHS interband plasmons. These modes are closely correlated to charge ordering states, with both the fitted coupling strength and the universal screening length of interband transitions exhibiting pronounced anomalies at the transition temperature. Our findings offer critical insights into the role of correlated electronic states in modulating plasmon behavior in kagome metals and unveil promising possibilities for tuning light-matter interactions in correlated materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiangkai Meng and Chong Wang and Maoyuan Wang and Jinjin Liu and Pai Zhou and Qiaoxia Xing and Yuqing Zheng and Haochen Zhang and Wenqi Bi and Hanchao Teng and Jianhui Zhou and Jun Li and Zhiwei Wang and Hai Hu and Qing Dai and Hugen Yan and Yugui Yao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4476}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv4476}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of van hove singularity interband plasmons in the kagome metal CsV3Sb5 for strong light-matter interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Endoplasmic reticulum junctions serve as a platform for endosome-lysosome interactions through their stop-and-go motion switching. SCIADV, 11(38), eadv4437. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endosomes and lysosomes (collectively termed “endolysosomes”) traverse the cytoplasm in a stop-and-go manner, but the mechanisms underlying this motion remain poorly understood. Using deep learning–based image analyses, including particle tracking, spatial distribution, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology analysis, we found that ER junctions facilitate stop-and-go motion switching and serve as platforms for endolysosome interactions. Within the ER network, endolysosomes exhibit three dynamic states: fast movement, local slow movement, and pausing. Pauses occur mainly at ER junctions, where transient endosome-lysosome interactions often coincide with organelle fission and are followed by departure. Disruption of ER junctions impairs lysosomal motility and maturation. We further show that actin condensation around endolysosomes mediates motion switching, involving VAP-STARD3 interaction and the actin regulator YWHAH. Other organelles, such as lipid droplets and peroxisomes, also pause near ER junctions. These findings highlight ER junctions as regulatory hubs that orchestrate organelle dynamics, contributing to the spatial coordination of organelle distribution and interactions within the cytoplasm.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenjing Li and Yuanhao Guo and Qi Wang and Mengxuan Qiu and Yudong Zhang and Yutong Yang and Junjie Hu and Ge Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4437}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadv4437}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Endoplasmic reticulum junctions serve as a platform for endosome-lysosome interactions through their stop-and-go motion switching}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Carbonate chemistry fitness landscapes inform diatom resilience to future perturbations. SCIADV, 11(38), eadu8024. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine diatoms are an abundant and ecologically important phytoplankton group susceptible to changing environmental conditions. Currently available data assessing diatom responses focus on empirical comparisons between present-day and future conditions, rather than exploring the mechanisms driving these responses. Here, we conducted high-resolution growth experiments to map the fitness of diatoms across broad carbonate chemistry landscapes. Our results reveal species-specific carbonate chemistry niches, which can be used to predict ecological shifts between species under changing conditions driven by ocean acidification or ocean alkalinity enhancement. The results demonstrate that changes in diatom fitness are almost exclusively driven by carbon dioxide and proton concentrations, with bicarbonate exerting no discernible effect. Thus, current assumptions regarding the role of bicarbonate as a primary carbon source supporting diatom growth may be overestimated. This study presents a methodological and conceptual framework as a foundation for future studies to collate data capable of predicting species-specific responses and shifts in ecological niches driven by changes in marine carbonate chemistry.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aaron Ferderer and Kai G. Schulz and Anusuya Willis and Kirralee G. Baker and Zanna Chase and Lennart T. Bach}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8024}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadu8024}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Carbonate chemistry fitness landscapes inform diatom resilience to future perturbations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanozyme eye drops for retinal barrier penetration and vasculopathy repair. SCIADV, 11(38), eadu5571. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Retinal neovascularization diseases cause vision impairment due to abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. Current treatments, including repeated intraocular anti–vascular endothelial growth factor injections, are invasive and often lead to discomfort and complicated hemorrhages. Here, we developed a noninvasive nanozyme eye drop capable of penetrating the fundus to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby inhibit neovascularization. The nanozyme eye drops consist of liposomes formed by fluorinated and arginine–glycine–aspartic acid–modified phospholipids, which enhance the penetration of ocular barriers. The encapsulated superoxide dismutase–catalase cascade nanozyme within these liposomes allows for efficient ROS scavenging. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that these nanozyme eye drops achieve deep retinal tissue penetration, alleviate oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, and suppress aberrant insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 signaling, thereby inhibiting pathological neovascularization. Enhanced ocular bioavailability and minimal toxicity further underscore its promise as a safe and effective noninvasive treatment for retinal neovascularization diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bai Xue and Shuyu Wang and Tingting Wu and Lulu Wang and Xuejiao J. Gao and Mengyuan Cao and Ming Tang and Yuxin Wan and Xiyun Yan and Wei Jiang and Bing Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5571}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadu5571}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanozyme eye drops for retinal barrier penetration and vasculopathy repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Millefeuille: The layering of the martian atmosphere observed in forward scattering geometry. SCIADV, 11(38), eadu0859. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We report on observations of the atmosphere above the limb of Mars in forward scattering geometry (~174° phase angle) using the Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) aboard the European Space Agency’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter spacecraft. These unique observations provide high-resolution (18 meters per pixel) measurements of light scattered by aerosols in the atmosphere. The observations are characterized by subkilometer-scale layering, ±20% variations in color of the individual layers, and high radiance ( I / F > 1). Strong spatial (latitudinal) variability is also evident, suggesting highly inhomogeneous absorption and atmospheric heating. Models of the radiance, while likely to be degenerate, indicate good agreement with lower-resolution results inferred from other techniques. Mesospheric aerosol layers (strongly blue in CaSSIS color ratios) are also evident. The observed decrease in the CaSSIS RED/BLU color ratio with altitude is indicative of a decrease in particle radius.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicolas Thomas and Miguel Almeida and Omar Mokhtari and Antoine Pommerol and Matthew Read and Bernhard Geiger and Lucie Riu and Manish R. Patel and Shane Byrne and Sarah Sutton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0859}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadu0859}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Millefeuille: The layering of the martian atmosphere observed in forward scattering geometry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding global precipitation processes and particle evolution using unsupervised learning. SCIADV, 11(38), eadu0162. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-quality hydrometeor microphysical observations are essential for accurate precipitation estimates and for evaluating weather and climate models. However, analyzing these properties is challenging due to their high variability, complex interactions, and large data volumes. In this study, we examine more than 1.5 million minute-scale rain and snow particle attributes and collocated meteorological variables from seven global measurement sites over 9 years. Applying Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) for nonlinear dimensionality reduction, we reduce the dataset’s dimensionality by 75%, identifying nine distinct precipitation groups and associated particle evolution pathways. UMAP effectively captures the global structure of precipitation phases such as rain, snow, and mixed-phase types, revealing clear patterns that linear methods struggle to resolve. The resulting UMAP manifold offers a unique perspective on precipitation phase and intensity, advancing our understanding of particle evolutionary processes and offering valuable insights for improving weather and climate models and remote sensing precipitation estimates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fraser King and Claire Pettersen and Brenda Dolan and Julia Shates and Derek Posselt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0162}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadu0162}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding global precipitation processes and particle evolution using unsupervised learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impact of current and warmer climate conditions on snow cover loss in burned forests. SCIADV, 11(38), eadt9866. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wildfires are increasingly burning in snow-dominated watersheds and can alter snowmelt dynamics. However, the spatial variability of snow cover loss in burned forests has been under characterized. Here, we use remotely sensed snow data to show that, under average winter conditions, snow melts earlier in the first year postfire in 99% of the snow zone. Postfire snow cover loss is more extreme in relatively low-elevation, warm environments compared to that in high-elevation, cold regions. Under +2°C of warming, 73% of the snow zone would experience more extreme earlier postfire snowmelt compared to historically average conditions. Regions with the largest shift earlier in postfire snowmelt timing under average climate conditions also have the largest shift earlier in postfire snowmelt under +2°C warming. The spatial variability in postfire snowmelt timing and exacerbated impact in projected warmer winters affect ecosystem water availability, snow albedo feedbacks, and snowmelt runoff forecasting essential to water resource management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arielle Koshkin and Adrienne M. Marshall and Karl Rittger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9866}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadt9866}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impact of current and warmer climate conditions on snow cover loss in burned forests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate-carbon feedback tradeoff between arctic and alpine permafrost under warming. SCIADV, 11(38), eadt8366. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Whether greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from permafrost will trigger positive climate feedbacks under warming remains unknown. Here, we synthesized the response of growing season carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions to experimentally manipulated warming of ~2°C for permafrost in alpine and Arctic regions. Warming weakened the GHG sink of alpine permafrost, thereby increasing (13%) its global warming potential, but strengthened the GHG sink of Arctic permafrost and decreased (−10%) its global warming potential. When warming caused drying of alpine permafrost soils, the CO 2 sink weakened but the CH 4 sink increased. In contrast, warming of relatively wet Arctic permafrost increased the CO 2 sink and CH 4 source. Warming led to much stronger increases of the N 2 O source in alpine than Arctic permafrost. Although keeping additional warming below 2°C in permafrost regions can avoid the positive permafrost-climate feedback, measures are needed to maintain fragile carbon sink of alpine permafrost ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tao Bao and Xiyan Xu and Gensuo Jia and Xingru Zhu and William J. Riley and Yuanhe Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8366}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadt8366}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate-carbon feedback tradeoff between arctic and alpine permafrost under warming}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A 2.7-μm-thick robust, permeable, and antifreezing hydrogel electrode for long-term ambulatory health monitoring. SCIADV, 11(38), eadt2286. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptable hydrogel bioelectronics that sustain long-term, uninterrupted operation are critical for early disease diagnosis and personalized health care. However, conventional hydrogel electrodes suffer from mechanical fragility, rapid dehydration, freezing, and poor comfort because of thickness-induced interfacial gaps. We report a 2.7-micrometer-thick robust, permeable, and antifreezing hydrogel electrode for high-quality 8-day electrophysiological monitoring under everyday scenarios. The ultrathin electrode is fabricated using gelatin hydrogels with temperature-controlled phase change properties reinforced by nanomesh while incorporating lithium chloride, and a binary solvent achieves antifreezing and antidehydration characteristics. The design minimizes flexural rigidity, resulting in high interfacial adhesion energy with human skin, and enhances gas (air, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) permeance and water vapor transmission rate. Consequently, the ultrathin hydrogel electrode exhibits high biocompatibility, superior wear comfort, and minimized motion and sweat artifacts, enabling reliable, uninterrupted, wireless health monitoring over eight consecutive days across various real-life activities and adaptation to cold environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuli Wang and Zonglei Wang and Yujie Zhang and Jiawei Yang and Zongman Zhang and Pengcheng Zhou and Yumiao Xu and Qingyuan Sun and Meiqiong Zheng and Wenqing Yan and Xuezhong He and Jiongyu Chen and Juan Li and Youhua Jiang and Sunghoon Lee and Hossam Haick and Tomoyuki Yokota and Takao Someya and Yan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2286}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadt2286}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A 2.7-μm-thick robust, permeable, and antifreezing hydrogel electrode for long-term ambulatory health monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plasticity of ventricle position after heart looping in heterotaxy with right isomerism. SCIADV, 11(38), eads8192. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The heart functions in two parallel but asymmetric circulations, driven by the right and left ventricles. In the heterotaxy syndrome, abnormal left-right patterning leads to a spectrum of severe congenital heart defects, including ventricle malposition. A postulate anchored in the clinical nomenclature assumes that the looping direction of the embryonic heart tube determines ventricle position at birth. However, this has not been demonstrated experimentally. Here, we performed a unique longitudinal analysis of heterotaxy with right isomerism, using multimodality imaging of Nodal mouse mutants. Using direct correlations and advanced statistics, we dissected the contribution of heart looping variations to specific structural heart malformations, and uncovered unexpected plasticity of ventricle position after looping in 30% of revertant samples. Genetic tracing and topological associations show that plasticity involves a further step of heart remodeling at E13.5, rather than molecular reprogramming. Human patient scans are consistent with ventricle plasticity and suggest association with poorer prognosis. Our work reveals distinct asymmetric events shaping organs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Audrey Desgrange and Emeline Perthame and Carmen Marchiol and Daphné Madec and Laurent Guillemot and Marie-Amandine Chabry and Mohamed El Beheiry and Jean-Baptiste Masson and Olivier Raisky and Ségolène Bernheim and Lucile Houyel and Sigolène M. Meilhac}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8192}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eads8192}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plasticity of ventricle position after heart looping in heterotaxy with right isomerism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Grin2b-mutant mice exhibit heightened remote fear via suppressed extinction and chronic amygdalar synaptic and neuronal dysfunction. SCIADV, 11(38), eadr7691. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently show long-lasting traumatic fear memory, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that Grin2b -mutant mice carrying a human ASD-risk mutation ( Grin2b C456Y/+ mice) show normal acquisition of contextual fear memory but suppressed fear memory extinction and enhanced remote fear memory responses, along with anxiety- and social-related abnormalities. After footshock and fear extinction, these mutants chronically develop occluded neuronal activation in the basal amygdala (BA) detectable at remote fear memory retrieval, which involves suppressed spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Chemogenetic activation of mutant BA neurons during fear extinction improves fear memory extinction and remote fear memory responses without affecting anxiety- or social-related phenotypes. This rescue involves normalized spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. These results suggest that Grin2b C456Y/+ mice, through impaired fear memory extinction, chronically develop suppressed spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in BA neurons that enhances remote fear memory responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Muwon Kang and Seoyeong Kim and Wangyong Shin and Kyungdeok Kim and Yewon Jung and Woochul Choi and Se-Bum Paik and Eunjoon Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7691}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {38}, pages = {eadr7691}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Grin2b-mutant mice exhibit heightened remote fear via suppressed extinction and chronic amygdalar synaptic and neuronal dysfunction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elucidating the mechanism by which HIV-1 nucleocapsid mutations confer resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(37), eadz8980. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Persons with HIV (PWH) receiving integrase (IN) strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have been reported to experience virologic failure (VF) in the absence of resistance mutations in IN. We previously reported that mutations in the viral nucleocapsid (NC) are selected in the presence of the INSTI dolutegravir (DTG). Here, we show that these NC mutations accelerate the kinetics of viral DNA integration, suggesting that they limit the window of time available for INSTIs to block viral DNA integration. We find that in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells, HIV-1 acquires mutations in the viral envelope glycoprotein, NC, and occasionally IN during selection for INSTI resistance. Notably, the selected NC and IN mutations act in concert to reduce the susceptibility of the virus to INSTIs. These results provide insights into the mechanism by which HIV-1 escapes the inhibitory activity of INSTIs and underscore the importance of genotypic analysis outside IN in PWH experiencing VF on INSTI-containing drug regimens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuta Hikichi and Ryan C. Burdick and Sean C. Patro and Si-Yuan Ding and Brian T. Luke and Erin D. Clark and Sherimay D. Ablan and Xiaolin Wu and Vinay K. Pathak and Eric O. Freed}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz8980}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadz8980}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elucidating the mechanism by which HIV-1 nucleocapsid mutations confer resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cross-dehydrogenative coupling via C(sp2)─H bond activation by PSP-pincer rhodium photocatalysis. SCIADV, 11(37), eadz5235. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) between two C─H bonds without any oxidant would be an excellent C─C bond-forming reaction, generating H 2 as the only by-product. However, C(sp 2 )─H/C(sp 2 )─H CDC reactions remain rare despite the rapid development of transition metal catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Here, we describe directing-group- and oxidant-free C(sp 2 )─H/C(sp 2 )─H CDC between arenes and styrenes/furans photocatalyzed by a PSP-pincer Rh complex to afford stilbenes/heterobiaryls under mild conditions (blue light irradiation, near room temperature). The reaction is applicable to a wide range of substrates, and undesired hydrogenation of the styrenes and stilbenes is strongly suppressed. The generated H 2 gas can be used for hydrogenation of alkenes in a connected flask system. Experimental mechanistic studies indicated that the Rh(I)─Ar complex is a key intermediate in the catalytic cycle, and C(sp 2 )─H bond cleavage of the styrenes/furans occurs via oxidative addition in the excited state.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kotaro Sakai and Yanzong Lyu and Jun Odake and Naoyuki Toriumi and Nobuharu Iwasawa and Masanobu Uchiyama}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz5235}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadz5235}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cross-dehydrogenative coupling via C(sp2)─H bond activation by PSP-pincer rhodium photocatalysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioadaptive liquid-infused multifunctional fibers for long-term neural recording via BDNF stabilization and enhanced neural interaction. SCIADV, 11(37), eadz1228. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and computers. However, their long-term functionality remains limited due to signal degradation caused by acute insertion trauma, chronic foreign body reaction (FBR), and biofouling at the device-tissue interface. To address these challenges, we introduce a multifunctional surface modification strategy called targeting-specific interaction and blocking nonspecific adhesion (TAB) coating for flexible fiber, achieving a synergistic integration of mechanical compliance and biochemical stability. The coating combines brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) conjugation and a lubricant-infused surface. This dual-functional design enables selective interaction with neurons and astrocytes while preventing nonspecific adhesion. Notably, high-quality single-unit neural signals were stably recorded for more than 12 months after implantation, demonstrating exceptional long-term recording performance. Integrating mechanical compatibility, antifouling properties, and selective neural cell interaction, the TAB-coated multifunctional fiber represents a transformative approach for neural implants, bridging biological systems with computational systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tae Young Kim and Yeonzu Son and Keun-Young Yook and Dong Gyu Lee and Young Kim and Seo Jung Kim and Kijun Park and Yurim Lee and Tae Kyung Lee and Justin J. Chung and Congqi Yang and Seongjun Park and Jungmok Seo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz1228}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadz1228}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioadaptive liquid-infused multifunctional fibers for long-term neural recording via BDNF stabilization and enhanced neural interaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rational assembly of 3D network materials and electronics through tensile buckling. SCIADV, 11(37), eadz0718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bioinspired network designs are widely exploited in biointegrated electronics and tissue engineering because of their high stretchability, imperfection insensitivity, high permeability, and biomimetic J-shaped stress-strain responses. However, the fabrication of three-dimensionally (3D) architected electronic devices with ordered constructions of network microstructures remains challenging. Here, we introduce the tensile buckling of stacked multilayer precursors as a unique route to 3D network materials with regularly distributed 3D microstructures. A data-driven topology optimization framework enables efficient search of the optimal 2D precursor pattern that maximizes out-of-plane dimension of the resulting 3D network material. Computational and experimental results demonstrate rational assembly of optimal multilayer precursor structures into well-architected 3D network materials with an evident interlayer separation. The resulting 3D network materials offer anisotropic, tunable J-shaped stress-strain curves, which can be tailored to reproduce stress-strain responses of biological tissues. Demonstration of reconfigurable volumetric 3D display suggests rich application opportunities in biointegrated electronics and tissue scaffolds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaonan Hu and Zhi Liu and Zhenjia Tang and Shiwei Xu and Zhangming Shen and Yue Xiao and Youzhou Yang and Renheng Bo and Shuheng Wang and Wenbo Pang and Yihui Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz0718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadz0718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rational assembly of 3D network materials and electronics through tensile buckling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Investigating the know-do gap in antibiotics prescribing: Experimental evidence from india. SCIADV, 11(37), eady9868. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antimicrobial resistance is largely driven by overuse of antibiotics, which is particularly common in low- and middle-income countries. We combine provider knowledge assessments and over 2000 anonymous standardized patient visits to providers in India to examine why they overprescribe antibiotics for pediatric diarrhea and figure out how to reduce overprescribing. Seventy percent of providers prescribed antibiotics without indication of bacterial infection. Knowledge gaps explain little: 62% of providers who knew antibiotics were inappropriate still prescribed them. Closing this “know-do gap” would reduce prescribing by 30 percentage points, versus only 6 points if all providers had perfect knowledge. Using randomized experiments, we revealed that the know-do gap stems from providers’ beliefs that patients want antibiotics, not from profit motives or lack of alternative treatments. Yet, a discrete choice experiment suggests patients do not prefer providers who give antibiotics. Our findings indicate that addressing provider misperceptions about patient preferences may be more effective than standard information-based interventions in reducing antibiotic overuse.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zachary Wagner and Manoj Mohanan and Arnab Mukherji and Rushil Zutshi and Sumeet Patil and Jagadish Krishnappa and Somalee Banerjee and Neeraj Sood}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady9868}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady9868}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Investigating the know-do gap in antibiotics prescribing: Experimental evidence from india}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Narrow-linewidth monolithic topological interface state extended laser with optical injection locking. SCIADV, 11(37), eady8963. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Narrow-linewidth lasers are essential for coherent optical applications, including communications, metrology, and sensing. Although compact semiconductor lasers with narrow linewidths have been demonstrated, achieving high spectral purity generally necessitates passive external cavities based on photonic integrated circuits. This study presents a theoretical and experimental demonstration of a monolithic optical injection locking topological interface state extended (MOIL-TISE) laser. By monolithically integrating a TISE laser with a micro-ring resonator on an AlGaInAs multiple quantum-well platform, the proposed device achieves efficient photon injection and linewidth narrowing. Experimental characterization indicates stable single-mode operation over a wide injection current range (65 to 300 milliamperes), exhibiting a side-mode suppression ratio exceeding 50 decibels. The laser’s Voigt linewidth was reduced from 2 megahertz to 4.2 kilohertz, with an intrinsic linewidth of 983 hertz extracted from power spectrum density, underscoring the MOIL-TISE laser’s promise for coherent communications and modulation-free quantum key distribution applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao Sun and Zhibo Li and Yiming Sun and John H. Marsh and David R.S. Cumming and Stephen J. Sweeney and Anthony E. Kelly and Lianping Hou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8963}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady8963}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Narrow-linewidth monolithic topological interface state extended laser with optical injection locking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The BUB1 and BUBR1 paralogs scaffold the kinetochore fibrous corona. SCIADV, 11(37), eady6890. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The kinetochore corona, a polymeric fibrous structure, facilitates chromosome biorientation and mitotic checkpoint signaling during mitosis. How its main building block, the ROD-Zwilch-ZW10 (RZZ) complex, assembles on the outer kinetochore remains poorly understood. Harnessing corona biochemical reconstitutions and cell biology, we reveal that the paralogous spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins BUB1 and BUBR1 promote nonredundant branches of corona assembly. MPS1 kinase–dependent kinetochore docking of BUB1 and subsequent recruitment of BUBR1 initiates assembly. Disrupting the first branch by depleting CENP-E, a kinesin that links BUBR1 to RZZ, uncovered a second assembly pathway mediated by a direct interaction between BUB1 and ROD. Discovery of a direct interaction with the RZZ explains how the SAC protein MAD1 fits this corona assembly scheme. Our findings solve the long-standing puzzle of corona assembly and demonstrate the intimate interweaving of chromosome biorientation and checkpoint signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Verena Cmentowski and Andrea Musacchio}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady6890}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady6890}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The BUB1 and BUBR1 paralogs scaffold the kinetochore fibrous corona}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid moving by liquid-amplified electrostatic rolling. SCIADV, 11(37), eady5143. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mobile robots that simultaneously have fast speeds, sufficient load-carrying capabilities, and multiple locomotive functions have always been challenging to develop. Here, we introduce a liquid-amplified electrostatic rolling (LAER) mechanism, which elegantly integrates actuation and adhesion into a streamline single-degree-of-freedom structure. Based on this, we developed a rigid tethered LAER roller (0.015 grams) that exhibited a rapid moving speed of ~210 body length per second on ceilings and a flexible tethered roller (10.600 grams) that had a load-to-weight ratio of ~121 moving on the ground. Liquid regulating modules were embedded into LAER structures to exhibit controlled moving. We also developed a single-wheeled and two-wheeled untethered LAER robots with onboard power supply. Furthermore, we demonstrate a LAER linear actuator and a camera equipped untethered LAER robot for preliminary environmental monitoring. The lightweight, scalable LAER structure is promising to bring fast electrostatic actuators, motors, and robots with superior load-to-weight ratios and multimodal locomotion capabilities such as turning, circular moving, and plane-to-plane transitioning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fei Jia and Shengjun Fan and Jianglong Guo and Yanju Liu and Jinsong Leng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady5143}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady5143}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid moving by liquid-amplified electrostatic rolling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrahigh-precision analog computing using memory-switching geometric ratio of transistors. SCIADV, 11(37), eady4798. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Analog computing has gained increasing attention for its potential in artificial intelligence hardware. The computation in traditional analog systems relies on use of intrinsic physical quantities (e.g., resistance), which are prone to fluctuations due to environmental changes or repeated programming, leading to compromised precision. Here, we shift the reliance on intrinsic physical quantity of memory devices to geometric ratio of transistors, enabling ultrahigh-precision analog computation. We demonstrate an analog in-memory computing chip based on a standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process, achieving the highest precision reported to date. Enhanced by the proposed weight remapping technique, the chip realizes ultrahigh computing accuracy with a root mean square error of only 0.101% across multiple parallel vector-by-matrix multiplication operations. Moreover, our analog in-memory computing chip maintains high precision, with an error of 0.155 and 0.130% under environmental temperatures of −78.5° and 180°C, respectively. This work pushes the boundaries of analog computing precision by leveraging stable geometry feature of devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xing-Jian Yangdong and Cong Wang and Yichen Zhao and Zi-Chun Wang and Zaizheng Yang and Zenglin Liu and Wentao Yu and Zhoujie Zeng and Shuang Wang and Wei Wei and Yu Shen and Dehe Kong and Shuo Ding and Xu Wang and Chen Pan and Shi-Jun Liang and Feng Miao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4798}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady4798}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrahigh-precision analog computing using memory-switching geometric ratio of transistors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asymmetrical polyimide membranes with programmable polymer chain architectures for liquid hydrocarbon fractionation. SCIADV, 11(37), eady3674. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional fractionation of liquid hydrocarbons relies on energy-intensive distillation. While organic solvent reverse osmosis provides an energy-efficient alternative, the challenge lies in engineering membranes with accurately tailored molecular differentiation for complex hydrocarbons. Here, we develop diverse fluorinated polyimide membranes featuring programmable polymer chain architectures for efficient hydrocarbon separation. By stoichiometry-controlled polycondensation, the chain packing and microporosity of synthesized polyimides are finely regulated, verified by molecular simulations. The corresponding asymmetrical membranes with defect-free thin layers of 100 to 250 nanometers are prepared via solution casting and thermal annealing steps. Such programmed membranes enable tunable permselectivity for hydrocarbons with less than 40 carbon atoms. The fractionation of kerosene-paraffin mixture in toluene is demonstrated through a two-stage process containing the optimized membranes. The cascade process remarkably enriches the C 10 -C 13 hydrocarbons from 50% up to 97%. The demonstrated polyimide membranes with on-demand molecular discrimination capability provide a potential candidate for the membrane-based hydrocarbon fractionation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weilin Feng and Fupeng Li and Jiaqi Li and Zhiyi Li and Lu Xu and Hukang Guo and Nanwen Li and Xinzhong Cao and Chuanjie Fang and Baoku Zhu and Liping Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3674}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady3674}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asymmetrical polyimide membranes with programmable polymer chain architectures for liquid hydrocarbon fractionation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A compact cassette tape for DNA-based data storage. SCIADV, 11(37), eady3406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA with high storage density can serve as an alternative storage medium to respond to the global explosion of data growth and become a powerful personal storage memory if an integrated compact device can store and handle large-scale data. Here, we incorporate a DNA cassette tape with 5.5 × 10 5 addressable data partitions (addressing rate up to 1570 partitions per second), a DNA loading capacity of 28.6 mg per kilometer, and deposit-many-recover-many (DMRM) features per partition to flexibly manage large-scale storage data and achieve hundreds of years of data preservation. We develop a compact DNA cassette tape drive and verify its functionality by randomly depositing incomplete images into the data partition, demonstrating a completely automated closed-loop operation involving addressing, recovery, removal, subsequent file deposition, and file recovery again, all accomplished within 50 min. Last, the complete image is restored by next-generation sequencing and decoding. DNA cassette tape provides a strategy for fast, compact, large-scale DNA-based cold or warm data storage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiankai Li and Cuiping Mao and Shuchen Wang and Xingjian Li and Xueqing Luo and Dou Wang and Shuo Zheng and Jialin Shao and Rui Wang and Chunhai Fan and Xingyu Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady3406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A compact cassette tape for DNA-based data storage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Living with temperature changes: Salicylic acid at the crossroads of plant immunity and temperature resilience. SCIADV, 11(37), eady3327. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Salicylic acid (SA) is a key defense hormone shaped by temperature. High temperatures suppress, while low temperatures enhance, SA biosynthesis and signaling, thereby influencing plant immunity and temperature resilience. This review synthesizes current understanding of how temperature modulates SA pathways and their cross-talk with other hormones to balance growth and defense. We also propose a conceptual model positioning SA as a central integrator of temperature perception, immune regulation, and hormonal signaling. However, key questions remain: How do plants sense temperature shifts to regulate SA dynamics? How do temperature-induced epigenetic changes in SA pathways contribute to long-term adaptation? And how can these insights inform crop improvement? Addressing these gaps is essential for developing climate-resilient crops.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Li and Guoqing Sun and Wentao Yang and Naiyi Lin and Kaihuai Li and Fengquan Liu and Ming Chang (常明)}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3327}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady3327}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Living with temperature changes: Salicylic acid at the crossroads of plant immunity and temperature resilience}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bispecific antibodies cross-link and redirect CD8+ t cells to kill cytomegalovirus-infected cells. SCIADV, 11(37), eady2092. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adoptive transfer studies of ex vivo–expanded autologous cytomegalovirus (CMV)–specific CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTLs) in immunocompromised hosts demonstrate a central role for viral control, but this therapeutic approach is not generally feasible. We present T cell–redirecting bispecific antibodies (TRBAs) that cross-link CD3ε on CTLs to gH protein on CMV-infected cells, including versions where a single-chain antibody is appended to the carboxyl terminus of the heavy chain of a regular antibody, or where both light and heavy chains have two tandem variable regions in a crossover ordered design. Both versions bind both antigens and mediate the specific clearance of infected cells with the release of interferon-γ when added to CTLs with CMV-infected cells. TRBA-mediated clearance is visualized with physical clustering of CTLs with CMV-infected cells. These results illustrate the mechanism and utility of these TRBAs as potential therapeutic candidates for disseminated CMV infection, with potential advantages compared to two prior CMV-specific TRBAs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ayub Ali and Arumugam Balamurugan and Francisco J. Ibarrondo and Minh Nguyen and Sara Habibipour and Jaimie M. Lim and Christian Hofmann and Hwee L. Ng and Otto O. Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2092}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady2092}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bispecific antibodies cross-link and redirect CD8+ t cells to kill cytomegalovirus-infected cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). End-to-end inverse design for programmable acoustic tweezers with simultaneous force and torque control by metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(37), eady1855. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acoustic tweezers leverage acoustic radiation forces for noncontact manipulation. One of the core bottlenecks in multidimensional manipulation is the lack of a systematic design methodology, which prevents the generation of an acoustic field that simultaneously meets the collaborative control requirements of multi-degree-of-freedom forces and torques, making it difficult to achieve precise control under conditions of stable suspension, high-frequency rotation, and complex spatial constraints. To address this challenge, we develop an end-to-end inverse design methodology for acoustic tweezers based on coding metasurfaces, establishing a dual-objective, dual-scale optimization paradigm. At the microscale, the phase modulation and transmission efficiency are co-optimized through coupled physical models. While at the mesoscale, the particle suspension and rotation dynamics are considered. Based on the inverse design framework constructed with a finite-bit element library, we successfully optimized the metasurface configuration with specific acoustic response characteristics and achieved noncontact, multi-degree-of-freedom customized manipulation of individual particles. This approach provides implementation pathways for adaptive multiscale strategies in precision engineering applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Liu and Hao-Wen Dong and Xue Jiang and Han-Jie Xiao and Chuan-Xin Zhang and Yue-Sheng Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1855}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady1855}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {End-to-end inverse design for programmable acoustic tweezers with simultaneous force and torque control by metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A plant-specific cytochrome b5–like protein is essential for phytosterol biosynthesis. SCIADV, 11(37), eady1719. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sterols are essential isoprenoid derivatives that contribute to membrane structure and function. In plants, they also serve as precursors to phytohormones and specialized metabolites important for development, defense, and health. Although the sterol biosynthetic pathway is considered well-characterized, we report the discovery of a plant-specific cytochrome b 5 –like protein, CB5LP, as a critical component of phytosterol biosynthesis. Loss of CB5LP in Arabidopsis causes embryonic defects, seedling lethality, and accumulation of 14α-methyl-sterols, with reduced levels of sitosterol and stigmasterol—indicating a defect in sterol 14α-demethylation. TurboID-based proximity labeling and in vitro assays show that CB5LP physically and functionally interacts with CYP51, a cytochrome P450 enzyme catalyzing this demethylation step. Unlike canonical cytochrome b 5 proteins, CB5LP has a reversed topology and is exclusive to plants, acting as an evolutionarily distinct electron donor. This discovery reveals an uncharacterized redox partnership essential for sterol biosynthesis and highlights a promising target for the development of selective herbicide.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xianhai Zhao and Lijun Qiao and Zhi-Yong Wang and Shou-Ling Xu and John Shanklin and Chang-Jun Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1719}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady1719}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A plant-specific cytochrome b5–like protein is essential for phytosterol biosynthesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast reversible photoconductivity in 2D MoTe2/Pt van der waals heterostructure. SCIADV, 11(37), eady1321. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides, have exceptional optoelectronic properties, making them highly promising for next-generation photonic integrated circuits. Despite great advancements in 2D optoelectronic devices, achieving ultrafast and controllable photoconductivity polarity inversion with a single device remains a fundamental challenge due to the static nature of built-in electric fields at metal/2D material interfaces. This study demonstrates a transient electric field reversal at the MoTe 2 /Pt Schottky junction, enabling photoconductivity inversion from negative to positive within 100 ps. By applying ultrafast photocurrent detection, a minimal voltage variation (10 mV) precisely controls this transition, and a device with a remarkable photocurrent response time of 3.8 ps is proposed. This work advances the design of ultrafast, tunable photodetectors, offering potential applications in high-speed optical communication, ultrafast imaging, and quantum information processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ye Tao and Chengyun Hong and Ji-Hee Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1321}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady1321}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast reversible photoconductivity in 2D MoTe2/Pt van der waals heterostructure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phase transitions perception in nonreciprocal mechanical metamaterials through electromagnetic resonance. SCIADV, 11(37), eady1211. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Phase transitions of metamaterials are critical in advancing energy conversion efficiency and controlling mechanical performance. However, the design method and localized perception of phase transitions remain challenging. Inspired by the passive coupling mechanisms in ostrich locomotion, this work proposes nonreciprocal metamaterials that can perceive real-time phase transition. These architectures enable the topological solitons to propagate unidirectionally and overcome dispersive and dissipative effects through bistable-to-monostable state switching between adjacent units. The integration of electromagnetic resonators within the metamaterial units enables real-time detection of dynamic phase transitions, as soliton propagation or external loads induce resonance frequency shifts between distinct stable states. By arraying these mechanoreceptive units and the combination of the machine learning, it can encode information and compute programmatically. Furthermore, the mechanoreceptors hold promising applications in robotics. This work provides an approach for integrating phase transition perception and nonlinear wave manipulation and offers insights into dynamic material intelligence and energy management systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yun Deng and Xiaoyu Zhao and Zhixin Huang and Ying Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1211}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady1211}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phase transitions perception in nonreciprocal mechanical metamaterials through electromagnetic resonance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell multiome and spatial profiling reveals pancreas cell type–specific gene regulatory programs of type 1 diabetes progression. SCIADV, 11(37), eady0080. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell type–specific regulatory programs that drive type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the pancreas are poorly understood. Here, we performed single-nucleus multiomics and spatial transcriptomics in up to 32 nondiabetic (ND), autoantibody-positive (AAB + ), and T1D pancreas donors. Genomic profiles from 853,005 cells mapped to 12 pancreatic cell types, including multiple exocrine subtypes. β, Acinar, and other cell types, and related cellular niches, had altered abundance and gene activity in T1D progression, including distinct pathways altered in AAB + compared to T1D. We identified epigenomic drivers of gene activity in T1D and AAB + which, combined with genetic association, revealed causal pathways of T1D risk including antigen presentation in β cells. Last, single-cell and spatial profiles together revealed widespread changes in cell-cell signaling in T1D including signals affecting β cell regulation. Overall, these results revealed drivers of T1D in the pancreas, which form the basis for therapeutic targets for disease prevention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rebecca Melton and Sara Jimenez and Weston Elison and Luca Tucciarone and Abigail Howell and Gaowei Wang and Denise Berti and Elisha Beebe and Michael Miller and Chun Zeng and Carolyn McGrail and Kennedy VanderStel and Katha Korgaonkar and Ruth Elgamal and Hannah Mummey and Joshua Chiou and Emily Griffin and Irina Kusmartseva and Mark Atkinson and Sebastian Preissl and Fabian J. Theis and Maike Sander and Kyle J. Gaulton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0080}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eady0080}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell multiome and spatial profiling reveals pancreas cell type–specific gene regulatory programs of type 1 diabetes progression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The OsbZIP35-COR1-OsTCP19 module modulates cell proliferation to regulate grain length and weight in rice. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx9815. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Grain size substantially influences rice quality and yield. In this study, we identified CONTROL OF SLENDER RICE 1 ( COR1 ), a quantitative trait locus encoding an F-box protein that enhances grain length by promoting cell proliferation. The transcription factor OsbZIP35 represses COR1 expression, while COR1 interacts with OsTCP19, leading to its degradation. Knockout of either OsbZIP35 or OsTCP19 results in increased grain length, confirming their regulatory roles in grain development. The OsbZIP35-COR1-OsTCP19 module controls the expression of the cell cycle gene OsCycB1;4 , thereby modulating cell proliferation and ultimately determining grain size. Five haplotypes of COR1 were identified, with COR1 -Hap1 and COR1 -Hap3 being elite alleles associated with longer grains. Field plot trials demonstrated that the near-isogenic line NIL- COR1 SLG increased yield by ~6.6% compared to NIL- COR1 Nip . These findings elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying grain size regulation and offer promising strategies for improving rice yield.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Penghui Xu and Najeeb Ullah Khan and Haozhen Wang and Yong Zhao and Bingxia Xu and Qianfeng Hu and Yinghua Pan and Danting Li and Junzhou Li and Xingming Sun and Jinjie Li and Hongliang Zhang and Zichao Li and Zhanying Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9815}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx9815}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The OsbZIP35-COR1-OsTCP19 module modulates cell proliferation to regulate grain length and weight in rice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular exaptation by the integrin αI domain. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx9567. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrins bind ligands between their alpha (α) and beta (β) subunits and transmit signals through conformational changes. Early in chordate evolution, some α subunits acquired an “inserted” (I) domain that expanded integrin’s ligand-binding repertoire but obstructed the ancestral ligand pocket, seemingly blocking conventional integrin activation. Here, we compare cryo–electron microscopy structures of apo and ligand-bound states of the I domain–containing αEβ 7 integrin and the I domain–lacking α 4 β 7 integrin to illuminate how the I domain intrinsically mimics an extrinsic ligand to preserve integrin function. We trace the I domain’s evolutionary origin to an ancestral collagen-collagen interaction domain, identifying an ancient molecular exaptation that facilitated integrin activation immediately upon I domain insertion. Our analyses reveal the evolutionary and biochemical basis of expanded cellular communication in vertebrates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeremy A. Hollis and Matthew C. Chan and Harmit S. Malik and Melody G. Campbell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9567}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx9567}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular exaptation by the integrin αI domain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cicada rib-inspired tough films through nanoconfined crystallization for use in acoustic transducers. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx9248. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acoustic transducers require films that demonstrate both toughness and fatigue resistance, presenting notable challenges when achieved through conventional nanoscale reinforcing strategies. Here, we found that the rib structure of a cicada’s tymbal exhibits exceptional toughness and fatigue resistance, attributed to its unique architecture composed of alternating soft and stiff polymer layers. Inspired by this rib structure, we developed a robust artificial rib film (ARF) using a nanoconfined crystallization strategy that involves the deposition of soft polyethylene oxide and stiff phenol formaldehyde. The ARF demonstrates a toughness amplification factor twice that of the cicada’s tymbal rib and exhibits an exceptionally long fatigue life. The nanoconfined crystallization restricts molecular motion and disperses external forces within the crystalline structure, thereby enhancing its mechanical properties. These improvements enable the ARF to outperform commercial polymer films as an acoustic transducer, achieving 2.7 times increase in frequency response and 2.2 times increase in displacement amplitude.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiajun Mao and Jia Yan and Ziyu Wang and Teng Ke and Jingsong Peng and Mingzhu Li and Qunfeng Cheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9248}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx9248}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cicada rib-inspired tough films through nanoconfined crystallization for use in acoustic transducers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A radiometric timescale challenges the chronology of the iconic 1992 guliya ice core. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx8837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Guliya (Tibet) ice core drilled in 1992 (GP1992) has garnered special interest because of its exceptionally long timescale of ~760 thousand years. This timescale makes GP1992 currently the second oldest ice core in the world, much older than any other extrapolar ice cores. Here, we revisit the GP1992 timescale by dating a Guliya ice core (GP2021) that was drilled close to the GP1992 drilling site in 2021. All our data, including the absolute dates deduced from 210 Pb, 39 Ar, and 14 C, confirmed an age of <3 thousand years at 175.1 meters depth of GP2021, compared with ~100 thousand years previously estimated at the stratigraphically equivalent depth in GP1992. Our results resolved several discrepancies between the GP1992 and other paleoclimate records in the region, leading to different insights in climate history of the Tibetan Plateau.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shugui Hou and Theo M. Jenk and Wei Jiang and Wangbin Zhang and Huanting Hu and Xin Feng and Hao Li and Shuang-Ye Wu and Hongxi Pang and Jinhai Yu and Renhui Huang and Zheng-Tian Lu and Guo-Min Yang and Michael Bender and Margit Schwikowski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx8837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A radiometric timescale challenges the chronology of the iconic 1992 guliya ice core}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Loss of PTDSS1 in tumor cells improves immunogenicity and response to anti–PD-1 therapy. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx8134. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {PTDSS1 (phosphatidylserine synthase 1) encodes an enzyme that facilitates production of phosphatidylserine (PS), which mediates a global immunosuppressive signal. Here, based on in vivo CRISPR screen, we identified PTDSS1 as a target to improve anti–PD-1 therapy. Depletion of Ptdss1 in tumor cells increased expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)–regulated genes, including B2m , Cxcl9 , Cxcl10 , and Stat1 , even in the absence of IFN-γ stimulation in vitro. Loss of Ptdss1 in tumor cells also led to increased expression of MHC-I, enhanced cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells, and increased frequency of an iNOS + myeloid subset. A gene signature derived from the iNOS + myeloid cell subset correlated with clinical benefit in patients treated with anti–PD-1 therapy. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of Ptdss1 in different tumor models improved anti–PD-1 therapy. Together, our results provide insights on a therapeutic strategy for overcoming immunosuppression by inhibiting PTDSS1 and provide rationale for development of a combination immunotherapy strategy composed of PTDSS1 inhibition plus PD-1 blockade.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jielin Liu and Shelley Herbrich and Sreyashi Basu and Yulong Chen and Ashwat Nagarajan and Swetha Anandhan and Sangeeta Goswami and Liangwen Xiong and Baoxiang Guan and Padmanee Sharma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8134}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx8134}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Loss of PTDSS1 in tumor cells improves immunogenicity and response to anti–PD-1 therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A switchable dynamic-static tactile system for augmented haptic secret communication. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx6959. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tactility bridges humans and the external world. Although human skin’s tactile receptors provide comprehensive perception, developing a biomimetic tactile system with both dynamic and static functions and rapid conversion remains a challenge. Here, we report a switchable dynamic-static tactile system. It features a rapid 1-millisecond transition between dynamic and static modes via light modulation, an all-in-one structure for simplicity and practicality, a remarkable balance of high sensitivity (198.45 per kilopascal) and wide pressure range (0.0137 to 207 kilopascals), a tunable sensitivity, and a sensing-feedback closed loop. The dynamic mode responds to vibrations, and the static mode responds to static pressure and superposition. In various real-world potential scenarios such as object detection and perception under vibration interference and human-computer interaction, it shows excellent performance. A closed-loop system with feedback and deep learning achieves user-encrypted Morse code haptic secret communication, paving the way for advancements in intelligence and virtual/augmented reality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huiqi Zhao and Weiqi Qian and Chong Guo and Yaming Zhang and Jiabin Wang and Huiyu Dan and Yan Zhang and Chris R. Bowen and Ya Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6959}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx6959}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A switchable dynamic-static tactile system for augmented haptic secret communication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Differential modulation of movement speed with state-dependent deep brain stimulation in parkinson’s disease. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx6849. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) provides unprecedented spatiotemporal precision for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), allowing for direct real-time state-specific adjustments. Inspired by findings from optogenetic stimulation in mice, we hypothesized that STN-DBS can mimic dopaminergic reinforcement of ongoing movement kinematics during stimulation. To investigate this hypothesis, we delivered DBS bursts during particularly fast and slow movements in 24 patients with PD. Our findings reveal that DBS during fast movements enhanced future movement speed more than DBS during slow movements, raising movement speed to the level of healthy controls. To understand which brain circuits mediate this neurophysiological mechanism, we investigated the behavioral effects using magnetic resonance imaging connectomics and motor cortex electrocorticography. Last, we demonstrate that machine learning–based brain signal decoding can be used to predict continuous movement speed for fully embedded state-dependent closed-loop algorithms. Our findings provide important evidence for reinforcement-based DBS circuit mechanisms that may inspire previously unexplored treatment avenues for dopaminergic disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alessia Cavallo and Richard M. Köhler and Johannes L. Busch and Jeroen G. V. Habets and Timon Merk and Patricia Zvarova and Jojo Vanhoecke and Thomas S. Binns and Bassam Al-Fatly and Ana Luisa de Almeida Marcelino and Natasha Darcy and Gerd-Helge Schneider and Patricia Krause and Andreas Horn and Katharina Faust and Damian M. Herz and Eric Yttri and Hayriye Cagnan and Andrea A. Kühn and Wolf-Julian Neumann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6849}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx6849}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Differential modulation of movement speed with state-dependent deep brain stimulation in parkinson’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolism-driven posttranslational modifications and immune regulation: Emerging targets for immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx6489. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The interplay between cellular metabolism and immune regulation is central to immune function and disease progression, revealing notable therapeutic opportunities. Upon activation, immune cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to meet heightened demands for energy and biosynthesis, reshaping regulatory networks across epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic layers. Metabolite-derived posttranslational modifications (PTMs) serve as pivotal mechanisms integrating metabolic intermediates with immune signaling pathways. Beyond classical acetylation, diverse nonacetyl PTMs—including lactylation, succinylation, malonylation, palmitoylation, and myristoylation—modify histone and nonhistone proteins, regulating gene expression, protein stability, subcellular localization, enzymatic activity, and protein-protein interactions. Advances in mass spectrometry and bioinformatics now enable precise characterization of these PTMs, uncovering their broad roles in immune regulation. This review summarizes current progress in immunometabolism and explores future directions such as mechanistic studies, combination strategies, and clinical applications. Metabolite-driven PTMs critically connect metabolism to immune regulation, suggesting promising therapeutic approaches for cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gujie Wu and Xiaofei Fan and Lin Cheng and Zongwei Chen and Yanjun Yi and Jiaqi Liang and Xiaolong Huang and Na Yang and Jiacheng Yin and Weigang Guo and Yiwei Huang and Shanye Yin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6489}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx6489}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolism-driven posttranslational modifications and immune regulation: Emerging targets for immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intermodal microwave-to-optical transduction using silicon-on-sapphire optomechanical ring resonator. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx6485. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optomechanical and electro-optomechanical systems have emerged as one of the most promising approaches for quantum microwave-to-optical transduction to interconnect distributed quantum modalities for scaling the quantum systems. These systems use suspended structures to increase mode overlap and mitigate loss to achieve high efficiency. However, the suspended design’s poor heat dissipation under strong drive limits the ultimate efficiency. Here, we demonstrate an unsuspended optomechanical ring resonator (OMR) based on the silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) platform for microwave-to-optical frequency conversion. The OMR achieves a triply resonant optical-to-optical conversion with an enhanced coupling rate G b = 3.6 gigahertz per square-root milliwatt at a peak conversion efficiency of 1.2% with 3.6-milliwatt microwave drive power and a microwave-to-optical conversion efficiency of 1.5 × 10 −5 at 10-milliwatt optical drive power. Our results show that the unsuspended SOS platform, which mitigates the thermal effect and is compatible with superconducting qubits, is a promising platform for optomechanical circuitry and quantum transduction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {I-Tung Chen and Nicholas S. Yama and Haoqin Deng and Qixuan Lin and Yue Yu and Abhi Saxena and Arka Majumdar and Kai-Mei C. Fu and Mo Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6485}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx6485}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intermodal microwave-to-optical transduction using silicon-on-sapphire optomechanical ring resonator}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active learning for nonparametric multiscale modeling of boundary lubrication. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx4546. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lubricated friction is a multiscale problem where molecular processes dictate the macroscopic response of the system. Traditional lubrication models rely on semiempirical constitutive relations, which become unreliable under extreme conditions. Here, we present a simulation framework that seamlessly couples molecular and continuum models for boundary lubrication without fixed-form constitutive laws. We train Gaussian process regression models as surrogates for predicting interfacial shear and normal stress in molecular dynamics simulations. An active learning algorithm ensures that our model adapts in scenarios where common constitutive laws fail, such as at layering transitions. We demonstrate our approach for nanoscale fluid flow over rough and heterogeneous surfaces, paving the way for accurate boundary lubrication simulations at experimental length and timescales.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hannes Holey and Peter Gumbsch and Lars Pastewka}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4546}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx4546}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active learning for nonparametric multiscale modeling of boundary lubrication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The citrullinating enzyme PADI4 governs progenitor cell proliferation and translation in developing hair follicles. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx4511. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Posttranslational protein modifications have emerged as a mechanism regulating progenitor cell state transitions during tissue formation. Herein, we exploit the stereotyped hair follicle development to delineate the function of PADI4, an enzyme converting peptidylarginine to citrulline. Single-cell sequencing places Padi4 in both progenitor and differentiated hair lineage cells and indicates that PADI4 acts to repress transcription during hair follicle development. We establish PADI4 as a negative regulator of proliferation, acting on LEF1-positive hair shaft committed progenitor cells. Mechanistically, PADI4 citrullinates proteins associated with mRNA processing and ribosomal biogenesis, and lack of PADI4 promotes protein synthesis and ribosomal RNA transcription in vivo. Characterizing key translational effectors, we demonstrate that PADI4 citrullinates the translational repressor 4E-BP1 and reveal a cross-talk between PADI4 activity and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. This work sheds light on how posttranslational modifications affect progenitor cell states and tissue formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kim Vikhe Patil and Nil Campamà Sanz and Kylie Hin-Man Mak and Wei Yang and Karl Annusver and Jasson Makkar and David Grommisch and Li Lei and Priyanka Sharma and Ryan R. Driskell and Maria Kasper and Maria Genander}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4511}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx4511}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The citrullinating enzyme PADI4 governs progenitor cell proliferation and translation in developing hair follicles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autonomous codesign and fabrication of multistimuli-responsive material systems. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx4409. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Responsive materials offer solutions to complex engineering challenges by enabling systems to adapt their shapes or properties in response to external stimuli. To fully harness the potential of responsive materials, inverse design methods that integrate multiple types of stimuli and manufacturing processes are necessary. We present a unified, autonomous codesign framework that simultaneously optimizes structure, manufacturing, materials, and stimuli for responsive material systems, achieving target shape morphing under multiple stimuli without relying on human heuristics or expertise. It integrates generalized topology optimization with hybrid data-physics differentiable simulations to achieve flexible, manufacturing-aware designs for network-like responsive material systems. We showcase our framework with a multimaterial three-dimensional printing process with high material tunability, which we use to fabricate liquid crystal elastomer systems that morph into different forms in response to heat and light. The exceptional flexibility and efficiency of our method will advance shape-morphing applications spanning soft robotics to drug delivery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liwei Wang and Alexander L. Evenchik and Jared M. Yang and Ryan L. Truby and Wei Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4409}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx4409}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autonomous codesign and fabrication of multistimuli-responsive material systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Entangled measurement for w states. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx4180. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Entangled measurements are an indispensable tool for quantum information processing, such as Bell-state measurements in quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping. However, to date, the realization of entangled measurements has mainly focused on bipartite systems or Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Here, we demonstrate a practical scheme to realize entangled measurements for W states. Thanks to the cyclic shift symmetry in the discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) of bosonic modes, the DFT measurement outcomes can be used to deterministically project multiqubit states onto W states. Experimentally, we show that three-qubit W state discrimination can be achieved by detecting the cyclic shift symmetry with a three-mode DFT optical circuit, yielding a measurement discrimination fidelity of 0.871 ± 0.039. Our experimental demonstration opens the door for the development of new quantum network protocols between multipartite systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Geobae Park and Holger F. Hofmann and Ryo Okamoto and Shigeki Takeuchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4180}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx4180}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Entangled measurement for w states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Non-neutralizing antibodies to influenza a matrix-protein-2-ectodomain are broadly effective therapeutics and resistant to viral escape mutations. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx3505. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Influenza A viruses remain a global health threat, yet no universal antibody therapy exists. Clinical programs have centered on neutralizing mAbs, only to be thwarted by strain specificity and rapid viral escape. We instead engineered three non-neutralizing IgG2a mAbs that target distinct, overlapping epitopes within the conserved N terminus of the M2 ectodomain (M2e). Combined at low dose, this “triple M2e-mAb” confers robust prophylactic and therapeutic protection in mice challenged with diverse human and zoonotic IAV strains, including highly pathogenic variants. Therapeutic efficacy depends on Fc-mediated effector activity via FcγRI, FcγRIII, and FcγRIV, rather than in vitro neutralization. Serial passaging in triple M2e-mAb–treated immunocompetent and immunodeficient hosts failed to generate viral escape mutants. Our findings redefine the influenza-specific antibody therapeutic design and support Fc-optimized, non-neutralizing M2e-mAbs as a broadly effective, mutation-resistant, off-the-shelve therapy with direct relevance to human pandemic preparedness.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Teha Kim and Lynn Bimler and Sydney L. Ronzulli and Amber Y. Song and Scott K. Johnson and Cheryl A. Jones and S. Mark Tompkins and Silke Paust}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3505}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx3505}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Non-neutralizing antibodies to influenza a matrix-protein-2-ectodomain are broadly effective therapeutics and resistant to viral escape mutations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acute REM sleep deprivation alleviated depression-like behavior mediated by inhibiting VIP neurons in the mPFC. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx2666. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acute sleep deprivation (SD) rapidly alleviates depression, addressing a critical gap in mood disorder treatment. Rapid eye movement SD (REM SD) modulates the excitability of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons, influencing the synaptic plasticity of pyramidal neurons. However, the precise mechanism remains undefined. To investigate this, we used a modified multiple platform method (MMPM) to induce 12 hours of REM SD, specifically targeting VIP neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Our results show that REM SD mitigated depression by suppressing VIP neurons activity, which directly increased the excitability of pyramidal neurons and, consequently, promoted synaptic plasticity recovery. In addition, the knockdown of VPAC2 on mPFC pyramidal neurons revealed that VPAC2-mediated AC/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in these neurons is essential for REM SD to mitigate depression-like behavior. These findings suggest that VIP neurons directly regulate pyramidal neurons and are crucial in alleviating depression by REM SD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuxuan Zhu and Tongrui Wu and Qingyan Jiao and Haitong Chai and Yuang Wang and Chunxiao Tian and Qiuying Xue and Kai Li and Pu Wang and Zibing Li and Hualin He and Bo Chen and Aili Liu and Hui Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2666}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx2666}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acute REM sleep deprivation alleviated depression-like behavior mediated by inhibiting VIP neurons in the mPFC}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemically induced deceleration of nuclear spin relaxation (CIDER) preserves hyperpolarization. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx2316. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gadolinium-based contrast agents revolutionized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by accelerating spin relaxation. In contrast, agents that decelerate relaxation were hitherto unknown. Such agents are highly desirable for metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized tracers such as 15 N-pyridine, 1,4- 13 C 2 -succinate, and 1- 15 N-nicotinamide, where valuable polarization decays rapidly, especially at low fields during transfer between polarizer and scanner. Here, we report on a previously unrecognized effect in which the tracers’ longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates in aqueous solution are substantially reduced by adding nicotinamide, urea, glycerol, or dendrons. The impact on longitudinal relaxation is particularly pronounced at low magnetic fields and near the tracer’s p K a where T 1 can be tripled. This mitigates polarization loss during transfer, so hitherto unsuitable, fast-relaxing molecules can be used now. This way, we achieved the 15 N hyperpolarization of nearly 30% for 1- 15 N-nicotinamide. This chemically induced deceleration of nuclear spin relaxation (CIDER) was confirmed using magnetic field–cycling experiments and offers broad potential for hyperpolarized magnetic resonance and beyond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Josh P. Peters and Charbel Assaf and Arne Brahms and Kolja Them and Mirco Gerdsen and Rainer Herges and Jan-Bernd Hövener and Andrey N. Pravdivtsev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2316}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx2316}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemically induced deceleration of nuclear spin relaxation (CIDER) preserves hyperpolarization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Giant KASH proteins and ribosomes establish distinct cytoplasmic biophysical properties in vivo. SCIADV, 11(37), eadx0952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how cells control their biophysical properties during development remains a fundamental challenge. While macromolecular crowding affects multiple cellular processes in single cells, its regulation in living animals remains poorly understood. Using genetically encoded multimeric nanoparticles for in vivo rheology, we found that Caenorhabditis elegans tissues maintain mesoscale properties that differ from those observed across diverse systems, including bacteria, yeast species, and cultured mammalian cells. We identified two conserved mechanisms controlling particle mobility: Ribosome concentration, a known regulator of cytoplasmic crowding, works in concert with a previously unknown function for the giant KASH (Klarsicht/ANC-1/SYNE homology) protein ANC-1 in providing structural constraints through associating with the endoplasmic reticulum. These findings reveal mechanisms by which tissues establish and maintain distinct mesoscale properties, with implications for understanding cellular organization across species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiangyi Ding and Hongyan Hao and Daniel Elnatan and Patrick Neo Alinaya and Shilpi Kalra and Abby Kaur and Sweta Kumari and Liam J. Holt and G. W. Gant Luxton and Daniel A. Starr}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadx0952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Giant KASH proteins and ribosomes establish distinct cytoplasmic biophysical properties in vivo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RNA binding protein DDX3X drives pancreatic cancer progression via the TLE2-MYL9 axis. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw9519. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current treatments for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) fall short of meeting clinical needs, highlighting the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of PDAC progression, which involves not only biochemical signals but also essential biomechanical cues. Here, we used a CRISPR-Cas9 screen in an orthotopic xenograft model to explore PDAC dynamics. The RNA binding protein DEAD-box helicase 3X-linked (DDX3X) was identified as a pivotal oncogene and biomechanical checkpoint. Specifically, DDX3X up-regulation in PDAC promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis, primarily through the transcriptional repressor TLE family member 2 (TLE2). Dysregulation of DDX3X in the tumor destabilized TLE2 messenger RNA and therefore disrupted the interaction with KLF4 (KLF transcription factor 4), leading to increased expression of myosin light chain 9 (MYL9). This change remodeled F-actin, enhancing tumor cell traction forces and consequently facilitating tumor metastasis. Targeting the DDX3X-TLE2-MYL9 pathway considerably reduces PDAC progression. This research reveals a promising approach for treating PDAC by focusing on biomechanical cues.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanyang Wang and Qianyi Yang and Feng Lin and Xiaowei Song and Gang Yang and Dahan Wen and Yingyun Yang and Bicheng Wu and Yunmeng Meng and Ning Zhang and Xiaomei Lu and Chunyang Xiong and Wen Zhao and Junbo Liang and Taiping Zhang and Yuying Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9519}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw9519}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RNA binding protein DDX3X drives pancreatic cancer progression via the TLE2-MYL9 axis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Temporal biphasic regulation of photoreceptor degeneration by microglial TREM2: A metabolic-immune nexus in retinitis pigmentosa. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw9299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), the leading cause of inherited blindness, lacks therapies because of undefined photoreceptor degeneration mechanisms. While microglia/myeloid cells drive RP progression, their phenotype-regulating determinants remain unclear. Using rd10 mice, we reveal TREM2 as a biphasic RP regulator via STAT2–mediated microglial reprogramming. Early TREM2 loss amplifies neuroinflammation through STAT2 hyperactivation, while late deficiency triggers NF-κB/STAT2–driven microglial apoptosis, impairing phagocytosis yet preserving photoreceptors. We uncover a photoreceptor-microglia metabolic axis where apoptotic photoreceptors release arachidonic acid, salicylic acid, and creatinine to induce STAT2-dependent apoptosis in TREM2-deficient cells. Crucially, we identify intermicroglia PSAP/GPR37 signaling as a self-propagating apoptotic mechanism—the first evidence of apoptotic transmission in retinal degeneration. This study establishes three advances: (i) TREM2 exhibits stage-dependent neuroprotective/neurotoxic roles, (ii) photoreceptor metabolites dictate microglia/myeloid cell fate via STAT2, and (iii) microglial apoptosis spreads through membrane signaling complexes. Our findings redefine neuroimmune dynamics in retinal degeneration, propose chronotherapeutic TREM2 targeting, and extend to Alzheimer’s and other microglia-associated CNS disorders via metabolic-immune interplay.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rong Li and Jing Zhang and Jiang-Mei Wu and Jun-Qi Fan and Bin Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw9299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Temporal biphasic regulation of photoreceptor degeneration by microglial TREM2: A metabolic-immune nexus in retinitis pigmentosa}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bi-handed assembly chaperones regulate protein complex assembly through an intramolecular handover mechanism. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw9158. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A critical yet challenging step in protein complex assembly is the formation of a dimeric intermediate that serves as a seed for incorporating additional subunits. We hypothesized that this step could be facilitated by “bi-handed” chaperones that recognize two different subunits through distinct domains (hands). However, whether such chaperones exist remained unknown. Here, we identify AAGAB as a bona fide bi-handed chaperone. AAGAB uses its C-terminal domain (CTD) to bind the α subunit and its GTPase-like domain (GD) to bind the σ2 subunit of the AP2 adaptor complex, a central player in membrane trafficking. AAGAB first recruits α via its CTD; σ2 then joins through interaction with α, forming a conformationally immature α:σ2 hemicomplex at the CTD. This hemicomplex is subsequently transferred to the GD via a GD:σ2 binding interface, accompanied by conformational maturation. These findings establish AAGAB as the founding member of a bi-handed chaperone family and reveal an intramolecular handover mechanism that underlies their mode of action.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingyi Wu and Chun Wan and Yuan Tian and Yan Ouyang and Harrison Puscher and Suzhao Li and Qian Yin and Jingshi Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9158}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw9158}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bi-handed assembly chaperones regulate protein complex assembly through an intramolecular handover mechanism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On-chip multi-timescale spatiotemporal optical synchronization. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw7696. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mode locking is foundational to nonlinear optics, enabling advances in metrology, spectroscopy, and communications. However, it remains unexplored in nonharmonic, multi-timescale regimes. Here, we realize on-chip multi-timescale synchronization using topological photonics. We design a two-dimensional lattice of 261 coupled silicon nitride ring resonators that supports nested mode-locked states with fast ( ≈ 1 terahertz) single-ring and slow ( ≈ 3 gigahertz) topological super-ring timescales. We observe clear signatures of multi-timescale mode locking, including a quadratic distribution of pump noise across both azimuthal mode families, consistent with theory. These findings are supported by near-transform–limited repetition beats and the emergence of periodic temporal patterns on the slow timescale. The edge-confined states show distinct dynamics from bulk and single-ring modes, enabling clear identification. Our results establish topological frequency combs as a robust platform for independently tunable, lattice-scale synchronization, opening new directions for exploring the interplay of nonlinearity and topology in integrated photonics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lida Xu and Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad and Christopher J. Flower and Gregory Moille and Alessandro Restelli and Daniel G. Suarez-Forero and Yanne Chembo and Sunil Mittal and Kartik Srinivasan and Mohammad Hafezi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7696}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw7696}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On-chip multi-timescale spatiotemporal optical synchronization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Skin-adaptive focused flexible micromachined ultrasound transducers for wearable cardiovascular health monitoring. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw7632. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular vital signs can reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, yet cannot be implemented by current technologies because of device bulkiness and rigidity. Here, we report self-adhesive and skin-conformal ultrasonic transducer arrays that enable wearable monitoring of multiple hemodynamic parameters without interfering with daily activities. A skin-adaptive focused ultrasound method with rational array design is proposed to implement measurement under wide ranges of skin curvatures and depths with improved sensing performances. We introduce a self-adhesive hydrogel layer to enhance the acoustic impedance matching, biocompatibility and contact reliability at device-skin interfaces, and a microelectromechanical systems-compatible process for batch-to-batch and high-consistency manufacturing. The resultant transducer array, with a frequency of 2.4 megacycles per second and a –6 dB bandwidth of 47%, implements accurate and continuous detection of cardiovascular signs, including blood pressure (BP) waveforms of various arteries, heart rate and BP during exercises, and arterial stiffness, validated clinically.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiawei Yuan and Zhikang Li and Yihe Zhao and Ruiyan Luo and Shaohui Qin and Jie Li and Min Li and Gengyu Han and Zixuan Li and Zilong Zhao and Jiazhu Li and Shiwang Zhang and Zheng Yuan and Xiangguang Han and Lihong Fan and Xiaozhang Wang and Tong Wang and Ping Yang and Libo Zhao and Lirong Yuan and Yi Lv and Rongqian Wu and Tzung K. Hsiai and Zhuangde Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7632}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw7632}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Skin-adaptive focused flexible micromachined ultrasound transducers for wearable cardiovascular health monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamically assembled magnetic nanoparticles in a phase transitional matrix for reconfigurable electronics. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw6611. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The structure of an electronic device is predetermined at its birth, necessitating new designs and fabrication processes for alternative functions. The advent of reconfigurable electronics, modifying its circuits after manufacture, has unlocked the potential for devices to perform adaptive roles as needed. However, the trade-off between the degree of freedom to reform its structure and electrical stability restricts its potential roles, diminishing the system’s significance. Here, we present a reconfigurable assembly of magnetic nanoparticles in a phase transitional matrix (RAMP) system capable of seamlessly transforming their structure with robust electrical junctions. Nanoparticles form conductive percolation under a precisely patterned magnetic field. Within a phase transitional matrix, junctions between nanoparticles are tightened, enhancing electrical performance during transitions. We demonstrated in situ electrical switching and high-resolution alternating current electroluminescence display using the RAMP system. With enhanced reconfigurability and electrical reliability, we anticipate that the RAMP system will suggest a previously unexplored approach to on-demand electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min-Gyu Lee and Seong-Yu Choi and HyunJae Yoo and Jae-Man Park and Younghoon Lee and Yun Hyeok Lee and Yong Eun Cho and Sungsoo Lim and Hakjun Lee and Jeong-Yun Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6611}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw6611}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamically assembled magnetic nanoparticles in a phase transitional matrix for reconfigurable electronics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An early surge of norepinephrine along brainstem pathways drives sensory-evoked awakening. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw6375. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The locus coeruleus–norepinephrine (LC-NE) system regulates arousal and awakening; however, it remains unclear whether the LC does this in a global or circuit-specific manner. We hypothesized that sensory-evoked awakenings are predominantly regulated by specific LC-NE efferent pathways. Anatomical, physiological, and functional modularities of LC-NE pathways involving the mouse basal forebrain (BF) and pontine reticular nucleus (PRN) were tested. We found partial anatomical segregation between the LC → PRN and LC → BF circuits. Extracellular NE dynamics in BF and PRN exhibited distinct sound-evoked activation during sleep, including a fast sound-evoked NE peak specific to PRN. Causal optogenetic interrogation of LC efferent pathways, by retro-channelrhodopsin (ChR2) activation or Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) silencing of synapses in target regions, revealed a role for early LC → PRN activity in driving arousal and sound-evoked awakenings. Together, our results uncover a role for early LC-NE PRN activity in connecting sensory and arousal pathways and establish LC heterogeneity in regulating arousal.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Noa Matosevich and Noa Regev and Uddi Kimchy and Noam Zelinger and Sina Kabaha and Noam Gabay and Amit Marmelshtein and Yuval Nir}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6375}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw6375}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An early surge of norepinephrine along brainstem pathways drives sensory-evoked awakening}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A universal oxygen scavenger for oxidase-based biosensors. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw6133. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxidase-based electrochemical biosensors are widely deployed for point-of-use applications, yet oxygen interference remains a major challenge, substantially reducing sensing accuracy. Here, we developed a universal enzymatic O 2 scavenger composed of alcohol oxidase, catalase, and paraformaldehyde to eliminate O 2 within the sensor by converting it to water. Unlike other oxidases, alcohol oxidase exclusively uses O 2 as an electron acceptor, preventing interference with the electron transfer chain involving the sensing oxidase. We demonstrated the compatibility of this O 2 scavenger for calibration-free sensing of glucose, lactate, and creatinine in the concentration range relevant to human health. Without the O 2 scavenger, sensor readings were less than 50% of those under inert gas conditions. With the O 2 scavenger, the accuracy improved to 99%, even at low substrate concentrations. The general compatibility and performances of this alcohol oxidase-based O 2 scavenger unlock the full potential of oxidase-based biosensors for reliable point-of-use sensing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huijie Zhang and Mohamed G. Saadeldin and Darren Buesen and Hamzah Elfaitory and Jakob Burger and Vincent M. Friebe and Jonas Honacker and Tobias Vöpel and Alaa A. Oughli and Nicolas Plumeré}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6133}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw6133}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A universal oxygen scavenger for oxidase-based biosensors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Printed sensing human-machine interface with individualized adaptive machine learning. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw3725. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing intelligent robots with integrated sensing capabilities is critical for advanced manufacturing, medical robots, and embodied intelligence. Existing robotic sensing technologies are limited to recording of acceleration, driving torque, pressure feedback, and so on. Expanding and integrating with the multimodal sensors to mimic and even surpass the human feeling is substantially underdeveloped. Here, we introduce a printed soft human-machine interface consisting of an e-skin–enabled gesture recognitions with feedback stimulus and a soft robot with multimodal perception of contact pressure, temperature, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. The sensing e-skin with adaptive machine learning was able to decode and classify the hand gestures with re-wearable convenience and individual’s differences. The soft interface provides the bidirectional communications between robotics and human bodies in the close-loop. This work could substantially extend the robotic intelligence and pave the way for more practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guohui Wang and Yao Tang and Xinran Luo and Shengdi Lu and Yiru Zhou and Yi Lu and Guangyang Sun and Pei Liu and Jiayu Ning and Hua Jiang and Ke Hu and Hongzhen Liu and Wenqi Song and You Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3725}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw3725}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Printed sensing human-machine interface with individualized adaptive machine learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Repeated climate-driven dispersal and speciation in peripheral populations of pleistocene mastodons. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw2240. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ancient DNA has been useful in reconciling deep evolutionary relationships and responses to ecological changes in proboscideans. Here, we report the sequencing of a mitochondrial genome from a morphologically distinct Pacific mastodon, as well as from six eastern American mastodons with ages that range through the Middle and Late Pleistocene. We show that Pacific mastodons fall within a deeply divergent mitochondrial clade, extending the range of this species into western Canada and potentially Mexico. We also present evidence for at least three discrete expansion events into northeastern coastal regions and identify two new mastodon clades, which contain temporally distinct but geographically colocalized specimens. We integrate these findings with those of previous work into a comprehensive model of Mammut phylogeography.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emil Karpinski and Sina Baleka and Andrew R. Boehm and Tim Fedak and Chris Widga and Hendrik N. Poinar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2240}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw2240}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Repeated climate-driven dispersal and speciation in peripheral populations of pleistocene mastodons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CD8+HLA-DR+CD27+ t cells define a population of naturally occurring regulatory precursors in humans. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw1702. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Regulatory T reg cells are essential for immune homeostasis. While CD4 T reg cells are well characterized, CD8 T reg cells remain less understood and are primarily observed in pathological or experimental contexts. Here, we identify a naturally occurring CD8 regulatory precursor T rp cell at the steady state, defined by a CD8 + HLA-DR + CD27 + phenotype and a transcriptome resembling CD4 T reg cells. Multiomics analyses reveal activation of TCF7 and costimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules in CD8 T rp cells. CD8 T rp cells suppress T cell expansion in vitro and in vivo. In a humanized xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) model, they dampen T cell activation, alleviate GVHD pathology, and prolong survival without impairing antileukemia activity. Mechanistically, CD8 T rp cells promote immune regulation by inducing FOXP3 expression in both CD4 T reg cells and themselves. Their expansion also correlates with immune homeostasis restoration post–allogeneic stem cell transplantation. These findings establish CD8 T rp cells as a naturally occurring regulatory precursor population that promotes transplantation tolerance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huidong Guo and Bixia Wang and Zhigui Wu and Qi Zhang and Xinya Jiang and Fangqing Zhang and Jingrui Zhou and Shuang Fan and Yang Zhou and Zheng-Li Xu and Yu Wang and Xiang-Yu Zhao and Xiao-Jun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1702}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw1702}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CD8+HLA-DR+CD27+ t cells define a population of naturally occurring regulatory precursors in humans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics in SrTiO3 under impulsive THz radiation with machine learning. SCIADV, 11(37), eadw1634. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ultrafast spectroscopy paved the way for probing transient states of matter produced through photoexcitation. The microscopic processes governing the formation of these states remain largely unknown, due to the inherent challenges in accessing the microscopic behavior of materials, which is strongly influenced by nuclear quantum effects. Here, we perform simulations of quantum nuclear dynamics in the nonequilibrium regime, extending beyond the current state of the art. By combining first-principles simulations with machine learning, we unveil the complex quantum dynamics of SrTiO 3 emerging after terahertz laser pumping. We disclose the microscopic origin of the phonon upconversion, observed experimentally but not fully understood, and quantify the lifetime of the out-of-equilibrium motion, which is beyond the reach of the state-of-the-art simplified models. Crucially, our simulations predict that terahertz pump pulses can generate persistent out-of-equilibrium stress capable of inducing polar order. This work lays the foundation for systematic explorations of complex quantum materials sensitive to photoexcitation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesco Libbi and Anders Johansson and Boris Kozinsky and Lorenzo Monacelli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1634}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadw1634}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics in SrTiO3 under impulsive THz radiation with machine learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetic field–enhanced vertical integration enables embodied intelligence in untethered soft robots. SCIADV, 11(37), eadv9572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Embodied intelligence in soft robotics offers unprecedented capabilities for operating in uncertain, confined, and fragile environments that challenge conventional technologies. However, achieving true embodied intelligence—which requires continuous environmental sensing, real-time control, and autonomous decision-making—faces challenges in energy management and system integration. We developed deformation-resilient flexible batteries with enhanced performance under magnetic fields inherently present in magnetically actuated soft robots, with capacity retention after 200 cycles improved from 31.3 to 57.3%. These compliant batteries enable large-area deployment of 44.9% across the robot body, and their vertical integration with rationally designed flexible hybrid circuits minimizes additional stiffness while maintaining deformability. This actuator-battery-sensor vertical integration methodology maximizes functional area utilization in a manta ray–inspired soft robot, establishing an untethered platform with sensing, communication, and stable power supply. The system demonstrates embodied intelligence in aquatic environments through diverse capabilities including perturbation correction, obstacle avoidance, and temperature monitoring, with proprioceptive and environmental sensing enabling real-time decision-making during magnetically actuated locomotion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaosa Li and Xiao Xiao and Zixiao Liu and Junhao Gong and Zenan Lin and Bing Xue and Shibo Liu and Xinru Wu and Wei Zhang and Dongkai Wang and Runze Zhao and Zihan Wang and Xiongwei Zhong and Yiliang Lin and Patrick Chia and Ximin He and John S. Ho and Ghim Wei Ho and Wei Ouyang and Wenbo Ding and Guangmin Zhou and Cecilia Laschi and Changsheng Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadv9572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetic field–enhanced vertical integration enables embodied intelligence in untethered soft robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). North pacific meridional mode has larger impacts on el niño evolution than the march madden-julian oscillation. SCIADV, 11(37), eadv8621. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a key driver of global climate variability. Early-season westerly wind bursts (WWBs) have long been suggested to be important for ENSO evolution and diversity, with the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) among the main sources of WWBs. However, MJO’s contribution to ENSO evolution has been difficult to quantify. Here, using an ensemble hindcast approach specifically designed to isolate internal atmospheric variability, we evaluate the influences of March MJO on subsequent ENSO development. Our results show that the March MJO, under favorable background conditions, by itself has limited impacts on ENSO due to weak equatorial air-sea coupling in spring. In comparison, the North Pacific Oscillation–induced meridional mode exerts a more sustained influence on ENSO evolution. A cyclonic circulation anomaly over Hawaii, associated with the Pacific-North American pattern, also plays a role. These findings suggest that March MJO activity alone may not be a reliable predictor for ENSO evolution, but underscore the importance of North Pacific atmospheric variability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Liang and Shang-Ping Xie and Alexey Fedorov and Stephen G. Yeager}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8621}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadv8621}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {North pacific meridional mode has larger impacts on el niño evolution than the march madden-julian oscillation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnitude uncertainty dominates intermodel spread in zonal-mean precipitation response to anthropogenic aerosol increase. SCIADV, 11(37), eadv5013. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anthropogenic aerosols are an important driver of historical climate change but the climate response is not fully understood and the climate model simulations suffer large uncertainties. On the basis of a multimodel ensemble of historical aerosol forcing simulation for a period of global aerosol increase during 1965 to 1989, here, we show that the precipitation response shares a common southward displacement of tropical rain bands but the magnitude differs markedly among models, accounting for 76% of the intermodel uncertainty in zonal-mean precipitation change. Our analysis of atmospheric energetics further reveals key mechanisms for magnitude uncertainty: aerosol radiative forcing drives, cloud radiative feedback amplifies, and ocean circulation damps the intermodel uncertainty in cross-equatorial atmospheric energy transport change and the meridional shift of tropical rain bands. This has important implications for understanding and reducing intermodel uncertainty in anthropogenic climate change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-Fan Geng and Shang-Ping Xie and Xiao-Tong Zheng and Hai Wang and Sarah M. Kang and Xiaopei Lin and Lixin Wu and Fengfei Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5013}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadv5013}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnitude uncertainty dominates intermodel spread in zonal-mean precipitation response to anthropogenic aerosol increase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Superconductivity in compressed quasi−one-dimensional face-sharing hexagonal perovskite chalcogenides. SCIADV, 11(37), eadv1894. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxide perovskite superconductors typically feature stacks of metal-oxygen octahedra or planar blocks connected through corners, forming three-dimensional (3D) or 2D layered structures. Here, we find a group of quasi-1D superconducting materials among hexagonal perovskite chalcogenides with face-sharing connectivity. Resistance and magnetization measurements demonstrate anisotropic superconductivity in compressed barium titanium trisulfide (BaTiS 3 ) at a low hole carrier concentration of (1.6 ± 0.1) × 10 21 per cubic centimeter, with the highest superconducting temperature ( T c ) reaching ~9.3 kelvin. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction indicates that the superconducting phase retains a hexagonal perovskite structure consisting of quasi-1D infinite titanium hexasulfide chains. Density functional theory calculations, combined with the observed decrease in the maximum T c from ~9.3 to ~6.2 kelvin upon substituting sulfur with selenium, suggest that electron-phonon interactions play a key role in the pairing mechanism of superconducting BaTiX 3 (X = sulfur and selenium). Our study offers a quasi-1D platform with face-sharing metal-chalcogen octahedra for understanding the mechanism of emerging electronic states in perovskite materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Ke and Shanyuan Niu and Jiajia Feng and Ketao Yin and Minkyung Han and Hong Yang and Bai Yang Wang and Anna Celeste and Chunjing Jia and Bin Chen and Lin Wang and Harold Y. Hwang and Yongjun Tian and Wendy L. Mao and Yu Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1894}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadv1894}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Superconductivity in compressed quasi−one-dimensional face-sharing hexagonal perovskite chalcogenides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular and neural basis of vomiting behavior in drosophila melanogaster. SCIADV, 11(37), eadv1143. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vomiting is a common yet poorly understood symptom, largely due to the lack of conventional animal models. This study establishes a Drosophila model for vomiting triggered by berberine ingestion. Our findings reveal that this response is mediated by the chemoreceptor TrpA1, which is indirectly activated by berberine via the mAChRs-PLC pathway. Berberine induces acetylcholine release from foregut epithelial cells, which triggers tachykinin secretion from intestinal tracheal cells. Tachykinins contract the visceral muscles, particularly the P4 pump of the foregut, and suppress myosuppressin release from pars intercerebralis neurons, thereby promoting crop motility. We further demonstrate the conservation of key genes involved in mammalian vomiting regulation. Overall, this study provides a molecular and cellular framework for understanding vomiting and introduces Drosophila as a genetic model for mechanistic studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanyan Shi and Yinjun Jia and Wei Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1143}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadv1143}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular and neural basis of vomiting behavior in drosophila melanogaster}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Organic electrochemical transceiver: An all-in-one sense-and-release device architecture for physiological modulation. SCIADV, 11(37), eadu9516. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intelligent wearable devices with integrated sensing and drug-releasing functions are essential for delivering real-time and personalized interventions. Current approaches typically rely on interconnected modules, facing challenges such as large footprint, high energy consumption, and fabrication complexity. To address these limitations, we introduce a modified organic electrochemical transistor structure called the organic electrochemical transceiver (OECTC). The OECTC leverages the electronic wettability switch characteristic of conjugated polymers to convert sensed signals into a valve mechanism for controlling the release of chemical substances (e.g., drugs and neurotransmitters). This provides an all-in-one solution for synchronized signal recording and substance release for physiological modulation. The applications of the OECTC in intelligent wearable devices for managing type II diabetes and as a neural amplifier or inverter for neurotransmitter modulation are demonstrated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanzhe Li and Mengying Yan and Xie He and Cunman Liang and Heng Liu and Qian Zhu and Mingqiang Wang and Xinhui Lu and Yi Lu and Ni Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9516}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadu9516}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Organic electrochemical transceiver: An all-in-one sense-and-release device architecture for physiological modulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seafloor geodesy unveils seismogenesis of large subduction earthquakes in mexico. SCIADV, 11(37), eadu8259. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Based on measurements of near-trench deformations of the oceanic and overriding plates, in this investigation, we elucidate the tectonic and mechanical processes leading to the M w 7.0 (moment magnitude of 7.0) Acapulco, Mexico, earthquake in 2021. We exploit unprecedented ocean-bottom observations using ultralong-period “tilt mechanical amplifiers,” along with hydrostatic pressure, global navigation satellite system, and satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar data. The joint inversion of these geodetic data, template-matching seismicity, and repeating earthquakes, revealed the first two shallow slow slip events (SSEs) observed in Mexico. The first one migrated from the trench to the earthquake hypocenter before rupture, and the second one occurred following an M w 7.3 long-term SSE induced by the earthquake. Episodic near-trench oceanic-crust deformations (i.e., tilt transients) associated with shallow and deep synchronous decoupling of the plate interface reveal the occurrence of “slab-pull surges” before three regional earthquakes of magnitude 7 or greater, including the Acapulco event, suggesting that they may serve as rupture precursors observable in subduction zones.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Víctor M. Cruz-Atienza and Josué Tago and Luis A. Domínguez and Vladimir Kostoglodov and Yoshihiro Ito and Efraín Ovando-Shelley and Tonatiuh Rodríguez-Nikl and Renata González and Sara Franco and Darío Solano-Rojas and Joel Beltrán-Gracia and Paulina Miranda-García and Frédérick Boudin and Luis Rivera and Anne Bécel and Carlos Villafuerte and Jorge Real and Ekaterina Kazachkina and Arturo Ronquillo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8259}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadu8259}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seafloor geodesy unveils seismogenesis of large subduction earthquakes in mexico}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CLL to richter syndrome: Integrating network strategies with experiments elucidating disease drivers and personalized therapies. SCIADV, 11(37), eadu7705. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common neoplasm that carries the risk of transformation into Richter’s syndrome (RS), a highly aggressive B cell lymphoma with poor prognosis. Limited availability of animal models and cell lines hinders understanding of transformation mechanisms. Addressing this gap, we established the first in silico dynamic model of the disease. Our methodology integrates mathematical logic modeling with experimental data to identify disease drivers, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets. We validated the model by comparing the model’s readout with experimental data from different biological levels, such as single-cell RNA sequencing analyses and a CLL/RS patient formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue cohort. Our analyses identified BMI1 proto-oncogene and TP53 loss as key RS progression regulators. In addition, we performed an in silico target screening to identify promising target combinations in a personalized fashion. Through the synergy of mathematical modeling with experimental readouts, our model provides a complementary approach to investigate the process of CLL transformation to RS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julia Maier and Julian D. Schwab and Silke D. Werle and Ralf Marienfeld and Stephan Stilgenbauer and Peter Möller and Nensi Ikonomi and Hans A. Kestler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7705}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadu7705}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CLL to richter syndrome: Integrating network strategies with experiments elucidating disease drivers and personalized therapies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Geospatial patterns in terrestrial organic matter reactivity across four shelf seas spanning the eurasian arctic. SCIADV, 11(37), eadt6806. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organic matter stored in Arctic permafrost represents a key component of the carbon cycle, yet its reactivity across heterogeneous continent-scale permafrost regions remains poorly understood. Here, we leverage the four shelf seas of the Eurasian Arctic as integrative receptor systems to evaluate terrestrial organic matter reactivity, assessed by examining organic carbon preservation as a function of 14 C-constrained cross-shelf transport time. Our findings reveal higher reactivity of terrestrial organic matter released to the Laptev Sea and the eastern East Siberian Sea, lower reactivity in the western East Siberian Sea, and no deducible degradation in the Kara Sea. The reactivity of terrestrial organic matter is primarily determined by the degradation status and composition of its source, alongside potential microbiological controls during transport. This study reveals the heterogeneity of terrestrial organic matter reactivity across the Eurasian Arctic margin and highlights the need for detailed assessments of region-specific carbon release and modeling parameterization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junjie Wu and Felipe Matsubara and Gesine Mollenhauer and Ruediger Stein and Bingbing Wei and Kirsten Fahl and Xiaotong Xiao and Örjan Gustafsson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6806}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadt6806}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Geospatial patterns in terrestrial organic matter reactivity across four shelf seas spanning the eurasian arctic}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Somatic mtDNA mutations at intermediate levels of heteroplasmy are a source of functional heterogeneity among primary leukemic cells. SCIADV, 11(37), eadt3873. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are frequently observed in tumors, yet their role in pediatric cancers remains poorly understood. The heteroplasmic nature of mtDNA—where mutant and wild-type mtDNA coexist—complicates efforts to define its contribution to disease progression. In this study, bulk whole-genome sequencing of 637 matched tumor-normal samples from the Pediatric Cancer Genome Project revealed an enrichment of functionally impactful mtDNA variants in specific pediatric leukemia subtypes. Collectively, the results from single-cell sequencing of five diagnostic leukemia samples demonstrated that somatic mtDNA mutations can arise early in leukemogenesis and undergo positive selection during disease progression, achieving intermediate heteroplasmy—a “sweet spot” that balances mitochondrial dysfunction with cellular fitness. Network-based systems biology analyses link specific heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations to metabolic reprogramming and therapy resistance. We reveal somatic mtDNA mutations as a potential source of functional heterogeneity and cellular diversity among leukemic cells, influencing their fitness and shaping disease progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kelly McCastlain and Catherine Welsh and Yonghui Ni and Liang Ding and Ti-Cheng Chang and Robert J. Autry and Besian I. Sejdiu and Qingfei Pan and Melissa Franco and Wenan Chen and Huiyun Wu and Veronica Gonzalez-Pena and Patrick Schreiner and Sasi Arunachalam and Joung Hyuck Joo and Samuel Brady and Jinghui Zhang and Charles Gawad and William E. Evans and M. Madan Babu and Konstantin Khrapko and Jiyang Yu and Gang Wu and Stanley Pounds and Mondira Kundu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3873}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadt3873}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Somatic mtDNA mutations at intermediate levels of heteroplasmy are a source of functional heterogeneity among primary leukemic cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Label-free and real-time monitoring of photoaging with high spatiotemporal resolution using an nIR fluorescent nanosensor array. SCIADV, 11(37), eadt2296. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts from photoaging cause skin damage and chronic conditions. Understanding spatiotemporal ROS dynamics is critical for developing therapies and cosmetic strategies to enhance skin health. Conventional assays and fluorescence microscopy lack the resolution for real-time ROS quantification due to photobleaching and labeling issues. Here, we developed a label-free, real-time monitoring platform with high spatiotemporal resolution using a near-infrared (nIR) fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) nanosensor array to quantify ROS bursts from daily photoaging. The SWNT array, dual-functionalized with DNA and poly- l -lysine, achieved selective H 2 O 2 recognition and skin cell compatibility. The skin cell–friendly nanosensor interface (SNI) enabled attomole-level detection of H 2 O 2 bursts in a two-dimensional keratinocyte model under natural ultraviolet exposure, revealing photoadaptation behavior. Distinct oxidative stress wave profiles were identified via nIR data and numerical modeling. Using SNI, we introduced the anti-ROS score to evaluate skin care antioxidants, providing insights into photoaging pathways and cosmetic advancements.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Youngwook Cho and Hwira Baek and Damee Koh and Changyu Tian and Minah Choi and Jung Woo and Junoh Kim and Seungchan Baek and Jin Woong Kim and Soo-Yeon Cho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2296}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadt2296}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Label-free and real-time monitoring of photoaging with high spatiotemporal resolution using an nIR fluorescent nanosensor array}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Locusts adopt IP3 as a second messenger for olfactory signal transduction. SCIADV, 11(37), eads1352. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Insects, unlike vertebrates, use heteromeric complexes of odorant receptors and co-receptors for olfactory signal transduction. However, the secondary messengers involved in this process are largely unknown. Here, we use the olfactory signal transduction of the aggregation pheromone 4-vinylanisole (4VA) as a model to address this question. When locusts detect 4VA, the pheromone is transported by OBP10 and OBP13 to the OR35–Orco receptor complex, thereby activating downstream pathways in the antenna. A pivotal downstream molecule, the lipid-binding protein Clvs2, facilitates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate transportation across the cytolemma, providing more substrates for inositol trisphosphate (IP 3 ) production. PLCe1, a biosynthetic enzyme, boosts IP 3 levels in the antennal lobe of the brain. IP 3 is responsible for converting chemical signals from the antenna into neural signals, confirming IP 3 as a secondary messenger in olfaction perception instead of GPCR in locusts. These findings elucidate the universal function of IP 3 in olfactory signal perception, shedding light on the key nodes of insect olfactory signal transduction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Yang and Helen He and Shijie Dong and Jing Lv and Lili Cheng and Qiaoqiao Yu and Le Kang and Xiaojiao Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1352}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eads1352}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Locusts adopt IP3 as a second messenger for olfactory signal transduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Strain-optimized copper dual-atom sites for selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene. SCIADV, 11(37), eads0609. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction holds the great potential to convert excess emissions of carbon footprint into high value-added chemicals, but its activity, selectivity, stability, and reproducibility are still far away from satisfactory. The molecular catalysts with precise structures are unique platform to decipher the electrocatalytic mechanism, but they usually suffer from low performance. Herein, we report a strain-optimized dual copper complex immobilized in mesoporous carbon, which exhibits remarkable ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) Faradaic efficiency (FE) up to 49.9% along with a multicarbon (C 2+ ) product’s FE up to 65.2% at −1.19 volts versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Concurrently, the catalyst displays considerable stability for 15 hours at a full cell potential of −3.1 volts. The density functional theory calculation reveals that the strain effect imposed by mesoporous carbon regulates the neighboring dual copper sites in the electrocatalyst to decrease the energy barrier of rate-determining step (*COCO → *COCOH), thus significantly promoting ethylene production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuewei Huang and Xinwei Li and Shuhao Yan and Dawei Wang and Chang Long and Yue Ying and Pengfei An and Zhiyu Guo and Qun Li and Caoyu Yang and Sheng Chen and Jianyu Han and Lin Chang and Siyu Lu and Zhiyong Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0609}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eads0609}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Strain-optimized copper dual-atom sites for selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genomic characterization of normal and aberrant human milk production. SCIADV, 11(37), eadr7174. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Breastfeeding is essential for reducing infant morbidity and mortality, yet exclusive breastfeeding rates remain low, often because of insufficient milk production. The molecular causes of low milk production are not well understood. Fresh milk samples from 30 lactating individuals, classified by milk production levels across postpartum stages, were analyzed using genomic and microbiome techniques. Bulk RNA sequencing of milk fat globules (MFGs), milk cells, and breast tissue revealed that MFG-derived RNA closely mirrors luminal milk cells. Transcriptomic and single-cell RNA analyses identified changes in gene expression and cellular composition, highlighting key genes ( GLP1R , PLIN4 , and KLF10 ) and cell-type differences between low and high producers. Infant microbiome diversity was influenced by feeding type but not maternal milk production. This study provides a comprehensive human milk transcriptomic catalog and highlights that MFG could serve as a useful biomarker for milk transcriptome analysis, offering insights into the genetic factors influencing milk production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yarden Golan and Sarah K. Nyquist and Zhe Liu and Dena Ennis and Jingjing Zhao and Emily Blair and Abdur Rahim Khan and Mary Prahl and Stephanie L. Gaw and Moran Yassour and Barbara E. Engelhardt and Valerie J. Flaherman and Nadav Ahituv}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7174}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadr7174}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genomic characterization of normal and aberrant human milk production}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DeepInMiniscope: Deep learning–powered physics-informed integrated miniscope. SCIADV, 11(37), eadr6687. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mask-based integrated fluorescence microscopy is a compact imaging technique for biomedical research. It can perform snapshot 3D imaging through a thin optical mask with a scalable field of view (FOV). Integrated microscopy uses computational algorithms for object reconstruction, but efficient reconstruction algorithms for large-scale data have been lacking. Here, we developed DeepInMiniscope, a miniaturized integrated microscope featuring a custom-designed optical mask and an efficient physics-informed deep learning model that markedly reduces computational demand. Parts of the 3D object can be individually reconstructed and combined. Our deep learning algorithm can reconstruct object volumes over 4 millimeters by 6 millimeters by 0.6 millimeters. We demonstrated substantial improvement in both reconstruction quality and speed compared to traditional methods for large-scale data. Notably, we imaged neuronal activity with near-cellular resolution in awake mouse cortex, representing a substantial leap over existing integrated microscopes. DeepInMiniscope holds great promise for scalable, large-FOV, high-speed, 3D imaging applications with compact device footprint.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Tian and Ben Mattison and Weijian Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6687}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadr6687}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DeepInMiniscope: Deep learning–powered physics-informed integrated miniscope}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Investigating the aliso canyon gas blowout disaster and adverse birth outcomes: A quasiexperimental approach. SCIADV, 11(37), eadr6684. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {On 23 October 2015, operators at the Aliso Canyon Natural Gas Storage field in Northern Los Angeles reported an uncontrolled natural gas leak. The blowout persisted for 112 days, releasing ~109,000 metric tons of methane into the atmosphere. Elevated air toxics and fine particle pollutant levels were also measured in nearby communities. We used California’s birth records and a quasiexperimental design to assess whether pregnant women living in affected communities during the disaster experienced more adverse birth outcomes than expected. Overall, the prevalence of low birthweight and term low birthweight were 45 to 100% higher than expected among women living in the affected communities whose late pregnancy overlapped with the blowout. The strongest effects were observed among women living directly south and southwest of the facility. Furthermore, we observed a dose-response effect, where the odds of low birthweight were highest among women living closest to the well and attenuated out.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kimberly C. Paul and John Molitor and Yu Yu and Christina Batteate and Massimo Stafoggia and Sanjali Mitra and Qi Meng and Diane Garcia-Gonzales and Myles Cockburn and David Eisenman and Sudipto Banerjee and Honghu Liu and Michael Jerrett and Beate Ritz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6684}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadr6684}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Investigating the aliso canyon gas blowout disaster and adverse birth outcomes: A quasiexperimental approach}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The weak land carbon sink hypothesis. SCIADV, 11(37), eadr5489. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Over the past three decades, assessments of the contemporary global carbon budget consistently report a strong net land carbon sink. Here, we review evidence supporting this paradigm and quantify the differences in global and Northern Hemisphere estimates of the net land sink derived from atmospheric inversion and satellite-derived vegetation biomass time series. Our analysis, combined with additional synthesis, supports a hypothesis that the net land sink is substantially weaker than commonly reported. At a global scale, our estimate of the net land carbon sink is 0.8 ± 0.7 petagrams of carbon per year from 2000 through 2019, nearly a factor of two lower than the Global Carbon Project estimate. With concurrent adjustments to ocean (+8%) and fossil fuel (−6%) fluxes, we develop a budget that partially reconciles key constraints provided by vegetation carbon, the north-south CO 2 gradient, and O 2 trends. We further outline potential modifications to models to improve agreement with a weaker land sink and describe several approaches for testing the hypothesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James T. Randerson and Yue Li and Weiwei Fu and Francois Primeau and Jinhyuk E. Kim and Mingquan Mu and Forrest M. Hoffman and Anna T. Trugman and Linqing Yang and Chao Wu and Jonathan A. Wang and William R. L. Anderegg and Alessandro Baccini and Mark A. Friedl and Sassan S. Saatchi and A. Scott Denning and Michael L. Goulden}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5489}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {37}, pages = {eadr5489}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The weak land carbon sink hypothesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Little things matter: Unveiling hidden invaders in marine coastal communities. SCIADV, 11(36), eaeb2018. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The burgeoning abundance of a microscopic marine invader on the US Atlantic seaboard may signal the scale of overlooked non-native species in the sea.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James T. Carlton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeb2018}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eaeb2018}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Little things matter: Unveiling hidden invaders in marine coastal communities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An ancient and essential miRNA family controls cellular interaction pathways in c. elegans. SCIADV, 11(36), eadz1934. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The transition from unicellular to multicellular life required the acquisition of coordinated and regulated cellular behaviors, including adhesion and migration. In metazoans, this involves adhesion proteins, signaling systems, and an elaborate extracellular matrix (ECM) that contributes to adhesion and signaling interactions. Innovations that enabled complex multicellularity occurred through new genes in these pathways, novel functions for existing genes, and regulatory changes. Gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) expanded with multicellularity. A single miRNA, miR-100, arose in the last common eumetazoan ancestor and is widely conserved across animals. We reveal the molecular function of its C. elegans homolog, the miR-51 family. This family acts in a dose-dependent manner to control morphogenesis by regulating several genes involved in cell signaling, adhesion, and migration, including ECM modifiers—specifically heparan sulfate sulfotransferases (HSTs). Some of these targets are also predicted to be conserved targets across vertebrates. Our work suggests that this miRNA provided an innovation in the regulation of cellular interactions early in metazoan evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emilio M. Santillan and Eric D. Cormack and Jingkui Wang and Micaela Rodriguez-Steube and Luisa Cochella}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz1934}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadz1934}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An ancient and essential miRNA family controls cellular interaction pathways in c. elegans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Homo-layer flexible Bi2Te3-based films with high thermoelectric performance. SCIADV, 11(36), eadz1019. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Here, we demonstrate unconventional scalable and sustainable manufacturing of flexible n-type Bi 2 Te 3 films via physical vapor deposition and homo-layer fusion engineering. The achieved ultrahigh power factor of up to 30.0 microwatts per centimeter per square kelvin and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of 0.38 watts per meter per kelvin at room temperature are attributed to the synergy of modulated modest carrier concentration and weighted mobility in homo-layer films. These results bring forth a maximum output power density of 300 watts per square meter at a temperature gradient of 60 kelvin and a normalized cooling factor of 0.6, which is sufficient to sustain consumer electronics with large-area manufacturing of up to 120 square centimeters. Our developed homo-layer deposition with industry compatibility and scalability potentials highlights a facile yet cost-effective strategy, not only for structure-property relation manipulation in inorganic semiconductors but also for solid-state electronic fabrication for heat harvesting and management frontiers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dasha Mao and Jianmin Yang and Meng Han and Xiege Huang and Jianrui Wang and Baohai Jia and Zhongbin Wang and Xiao Xu and Lin Xie and Yi Zhou and Guodong Li and Ghim Wei Ho and Jiaqing He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz1019}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadz1019}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Homo-layer flexible Bi2Te3-based films with high thermoelectric performance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robotic micromanipulation for patterned and complex organoid biofabrication. SCIADV, 11(36), eadz0808. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organoids have emerged as powerful models for recapitulating tissue physiology and pathology in biomedical research. However, the need for consistent and complex manufacturing of organoids remains a challenge. The absence of standardization and quality control of cells dispersed within extracellular matrices impedes the widespread application of organoids. Here, we introduce a micromanipulation platform that effectively constrains cell distribution to enable patterned and complex organoid biofabrication. This system integrates multidimensional cell sense technology to provide real-time feedback, enabling adaptive fluid dynamics control that robustly compensates for seeding-induced nonlinear fluidic perturbations. Through this closed-loop control, the micromanipulation platform effectively restrains the spatial distribution of multiple cell types, promoting consistent self-assembly. Using this platform, we have successfully achieved programmable organoid manufacturing as well as the construction of assembloids composed of multiple cell types that better mimic mature organ microenvironments. This supports advancements in organoid-based biomechanism discovery, drug screening, and other organoid-related investigations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mingsi Tong and Gang Huang and Songlin Zhuang and Xinghu Yu and Delin Hu and Weiyang Lin and Yang Wu and Yuchen Chen and Shijia Cheng and Meng Jiang and Li Zhang and Huijun Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz0808}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadz0808}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robotic micromanipulation for patterned and complex organoid biofabrication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chiral edge state control of thermoelectric effects. SCIADV, 11(36), eady9006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thermoelectric responses in two-dimensional electron gases subjected to magnetic fields have the potential to provide unique information about quasiparticle statistics. In this study, we show that chiral edge states play a key role in thermoelectric Hall bar measurements by completely controlling the direction of the internal thermal gradient. To this end, we perform measurements of the magnetothermoelectric responses of cadmium arsenide quantum wells. The magnetothermoelectric responses in the quantum Hall regime agree with theoretical predictions if one considers the role of chiral edge states, which flow in opposite directions on either side of the Hall bar and establish an internal temperature gradient that is perpendicular to the externally applied thermal gradient. We show that the results are self-consistent within this picture under different measurement conditions. We discuss potential applications of the findings, such as in nanoscale control of local temperature gradients and thermoelectric effects along with the characterization of other topological systems with chiral edges states.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William Huynh and Boliang Liu and Simon Munyan and Sina Ahadi and Susanne Stemmer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady9006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady9006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chiral edge state control of thermoelectric effects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Visualizing energy transfer between redox-active colloids. SCIADV, 11(36), eady7716. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Redox-active colloids (RACs) represent a novel class of energy carriers that exchange electrical energy upon contact. Understanding contact-mediated electron transfer dynamics in RACs offers insights into physical contact events in colloidal suspensions and enables quantification of electrical energy transport in nonconjugated polymers. Redox-based electron transport was directly observed in monolayers of micron-sized RACs containing ethyl-viologen side groups via fluorescence microscopy through an unexpected nonlinear electrofluorochromism that is quantitatively coupled to the redox state of the colloid. Via imaging studies, using this electrofluorochromism, the apparent charge transfer diffusion coefficient D CT of the RAC was easily determined. The visualization of energy transport within suspensions of redox-active colloids was also demonstrated. Our work elucidates fundamental mechanisms of energy transport in colloidal systems, informs the development of next-generation redox flow batteries, and may inspire new designs of smart active soft matter including conductive polymers for applications ranging from electrochemical sensors and organic electronics to colloidal robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alan Subing Qu and Zihao Ou and Yavuz Savsatli and Lehan Yao and Yu Cao and Hao Yu and Elena C. Montoto and Jingshu Hui and Bo Li and Julio A. N. T. Soares and Lydia Kisley and Brian P. Bailey and Elizabeth A. Murphy and Junsheng Liu and Jennifer Huang and Christopher M. Evans and Charles M. Schroeder and Joaquín Rodríguez-López and Jeffrey S. Moore and Qian Chen and Paul V. Braun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady7716}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady7716}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Visualizing energy transfer between redox-active colloids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unleashing pyroelectricity enhancement via phase transition–driven defect alignment in KNN-based ferroelectrics. SCIADV, 11(36), eady5104. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The pyroelectric effect plays a critical role in thermal imaging and energy harvesting. Despite extensive efforts to enhance performance through doping and composite engineering, the mechanisms underlying defect dipole coupling with phase structures remain poorly understood, impeding the advancement of defect-engineered symmetry modulation. Here, we report an abnormal pyroelectric phenomenon where the pyroelectric coefficient ( p ) increases notably when poling temperature exceeds the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition temperature ( T O-T ) in potassium sodium niobate ceramics. The p at 200°C ( p = 45.4 × 10 −4 C m −2 K −1 ) rises more than sevenfold compared to poling within the orthorhombic phase ( p = 6.5 × 10 −4 C m −2 K −1 ), representing the highest value reported to date and offering benefit for high-temperature thermal sensing. A dual mechanism is proposed, involving rigid-ion displacement and defect dipole alignment, which respectively contribute to increased displacement charge and space charge. Our findings establish a paradigm for optimizing high-temperature pyroelectrics through a simple, symmetry-confined thermal poling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuntao Huang and Yao Wu and Tiantian Wu and Jianwei Chen and Sijin Wang and Kan-Hao Xue and Zhengqian Fu and Wen Dong and Ting Zheng and Shujun Zhang and Jiagang Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady5104}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady5104}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unleashing pyroelectricity enhancement via phase transition–driven defect alignment in KNN-based ferroelectrics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hybrid pneumatic-hydraulic actuation for MRI-guided robotic stereotactic neurointervention. SCIADV, 11(36), eady3624. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stereotactic neurointervention is a common procedure for biopsy, injection, ablation, and implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation. Guided by preoperative imaging, conventional approaches are mostly performed manually, lacking operation stability and interactive feedback. The intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance enables both structural and functional assessment during operation, permitting interactive adaptation to tissue deformation and avoidance of critical anatomical regions. Here, we report an MRI-guided robotic system for stereotactic neurointervention. A macro-micro hybrid pneumatic-hydraulic actuated stereotactic robot with a large range of motion and high precision is developed. This is coupled with a compact bioinspired soft actuator for target intervention. A global-focal MRI sequence is proposed for interactive navigation, closed-loop control, and precise targeting. Validation is performed with phantom, cadaveric, and in vivo animal studies, showing positional accuracies of 0.39, 0.68, and 0.14 millimeters, respectively, demonstrating superior performance compared to the current state of the art in robotic-assisted stereotactic neurointervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shaoping Huang and Zhao He and Yi Chen and Jiafan Chen and Shijie Hong and Yi Zhang and Longyu Xu and Yixin Pan and Shuo Ma and Lian Xuan and Qingdang Meng and Yong Yang and Yangyang Xu and Zecai Lin and Chuqian Lou and Cheng Zhou and Weidong Chen and Bomin Sun and Qingfang Sun and Yuan Feng and Anzhu Gao and Guang-Zhong Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3624}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady3624}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hybrid pneumatic-hydraulic actuation for MRI-guided robotic stereotactic neurointervention}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate change increases the interannual variance of summer crop yields globally through changes in temperature and water supply. SCIADV, 11(36), eady3575. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Year-to-year variance of agricultural productivity is an important determinant of food security. Previous global analyses described increased yield volatility from warming, but it has become increasingly clear that changes in water availability are also a key determinant of yields. Here, we provide the first global quantification of climate change impacts on maize, soybean, and sorghum yield variance due to changes in temperature and soil moisture. Pairing an empirical crop model with CMIP6 simulations indicates that changes in temperature and soil moisture increase interannual weather-induced yield variance by 7 to 19 % ° C across crops. This increase is driven roughly equally by previously quantified increased temperature stress variance, as well as by increased covariance between temperature and soil moisture stresses. Results using a simple land surface model are consistent with those using CMIP6 simulations in indicating that this increased covariance is driven by warmer air more quickly drying soils and by dry soils promoting greater warming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonathan Proctor and Lucas Vargas Zeppetello and Duo Chan and Peter Huybers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3575}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady3575}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate change increases the interannual variance of summer crop yields globally through changes in temperature and water supply}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acoustofluidic system for targeted antibody removal in transplantation: Enabling small-volume therapeutic apheresis. SCIADV, 11(36), eady3262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibody-mediated rejection is a leading cause of allograft failure and mortality in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Current apheresis systems require large blood volumes and are primarily designed for adults, making them unsuitable for children and small animals. These systems often indiscriminately remove both harmful and protective antibodies, increasing the risk of complications such as life-threatening infections. To address this critical need, we developed acoustofluidic-based system for targeted antibody removal in transplantation (A-START). A-START is engineered to handle small blood volumes and has demonstrated efficacy in preclinical small animal trials. In a sensitized rodent skin transplantation model, A-START only demands 240 microliters of blood, selectively removing donor-specific alloantibodies (DSAs) while preserving protective antibodies, such as tetanus antibodies. A-START retains ~95% of beneficial antibodies and achieves a 60% improvement in DSA removal compared to conventional methods. These findings highlight the transformative potential of A-START as a promising, reliable, scalable solution for improving outcomes in pediatric transplantation and treating antibody-mediated diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiteng Ma and Riley Kahan and Jianping Xia and Mengxi Wu and Brandon Lu and Emeraghi David and Ye He and Ying Chen and Jessica F. Liu and Mingyuan Liu and Haojun Xu and Linda Stempora and Nader Abraham and Ruoyu Zhong and Kaichun Yang and Ke Jin and Ke Li and Min Zhang and Qian Wu and Andrew Barbas and Jean Kwun and Luke P. Lee and Tony Jun Huang and Eileen T. Chambers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady3262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acoustofluidic system for targeted antibody removal in transplantation: Enabling small-volume therapeutic apheresis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cotranslational protein folding through non-native structural intermediates. SCIADV, 11(36), eady2211. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cotranslational protein folding follows a distinct pathway shaped by the vectorial emergence of the peptide and spatial constraints of the ribosome exit tunnel. Variations in translation rhythm can cause misfolding linked to disease; however, predicting cotranslational folding pathways remains challenging. Here, we computationally predict and experimentally validate a vectorial hierarchy of folding resolved at the atomistic level, where early intermediates are stabilized through non-native hydrophobic interactions before rearranging into the native-like fold. Disrupting these interactions destabilizes intermediates and impairs folding. The chaperone trigger factor alters the cotranslational folding pathway by keeping the nascent peptide dynamic until the full domain emerges. Our results highlight an unexpected role of surface-exposed residues in protein folding on the ribosome and provide tools to improve folding prediction and protein design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siyu Wang and Amir Bitran and Ekaterina Samatova and Eugene I. Shakhnovich and Marina V. Rodnina}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2211}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady2211}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cotranslational protein folding through non-native structural intermediates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Preparation of ketonyl C-glycosides from designed glycosyl sulfides and styrenes by a radical pathway. SCIADV, 11(36), eady2175. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ketonyl C -glycosides, a vital subclass of alkyl C -glycosides, play essential roles in drug discovery, biochemistry, and materials sciences. However, a practical strategy that merges bench-stable glycosyl donors with styrenes—a ubiquitous class of synthetic building blocks—remains elusive. Herein, we report a simple and general approach for synthesizing ketonyl C -glycosides. The transformation uses designed glycosyl sulfides as air- and moisture-stable precursors to glycosyl radicals, styrenes as aglycone sources, and dimethyl sulfoxide as both an oxidant and solvent, proceeding under photoredox catalysis. Glycosyl radicals are generated from glycosyl sulfides via efficient unimolecular homolytic substitution. This approach obviates harsh conditions for donor activation and the use of activated aglycone precursors, accommodating extensive functional groups and heterocycles. The reaction also exhibits high stereoselectivity across various glycosyl units. Demonstrating synthetic versatility, this method enables efficient access to diverse drug-sugar conjugates and complex C -glycopeptidomimetics. Mechanistic studies reveal key intermediates, suggesting a radical-polar crossover pathway. This study offers a broadly applicable approach to valuable sugar-containing structures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weidong Shang and Yanan Hu and Yang He and Dawen Niu and Weimin Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2175}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady2175}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Preparation of ketonyl C-glycosides from designed glycosyl sulfides and styrenes by a radical pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptive superposition compound eyes for perceptions under distinct light levels. SCIADV, 11(36), eady2069. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical superposition natural compound eyes (OSNCEs) allow circadian insects to thrive in varying light conditions thanks to their unique anatomical structures. This provides a blueprint for optical superposition artificial compound eyes (OSACEs) that can adapt to different illumination intensities. However, OSACEs have received limited research attention until recently, with most studies focusing on apposition compound eyes that operate only in bright light. In this work, we accurately replicate the anatomical features and the ganglia adjustments of OSNCEs using lensed plastic optical fibers as artificial ommatidia. As the core part of this work, we implement a spatial approach alongside a temporal approach derived from both hardware and algorithms to accommodate lighting variations of up to 1000 times while still maintaining high image quality such as 180° field of view, minimal distortion, nearly infinite depth of field, and ultrafast motion detection. These adaptive biomimetic features make the OSACE very promising for surveillance, virtual reality, and unmanned aerial vehicles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Heng Jiang and Chi Chung Tsoi and Yao Chai and Weixing Yu and Chi-Hung Tang and Yu Du and Zuankai Wang and Huaping Jia and Xuming Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2069}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady2069}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptive superposition compound eyes for perceptions under distinct light levels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The TaCEP15 peptide signaling cascade modulates primary root length and drought tolerance in wheat. SCIADV, 11(36), eady1949. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Drought stress poses an environmental challenge affecting crop yield. Small signaling peptides play crucial roles in the regulation of stress responses in plants. Here, we unveil that the TaCEP15 peptide interacts with the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase TaCEPRL. Knockout of TaCEP15 or TaCEPRL increases primary root length and enhances drought tolerance in wheat. TaCEPRL interacts with and phosphorylates TaSnRK1α, leading to the degradation of TaSnRK1α. The presence of TaCEP15 intensifies the phosphorylation and degradation of TaSnRK1α. Consistently, overexpressing TaSnRK1 α boosts primary root elongation and augments drought tolerance. In addition, we identify the transcription factor TabZIP9, which binds to the TaCEP15 promoter and suppresses its transcription. A-to-T substitution in the TaCEP15 promoter decreases the binding affinity of TabZIP9. As expected, transgenic plants with TabZIP9 knockout or overexpression exhibit noteworthy changes in primary root length and drought tolerance. Our findings shed light on the importance of the peptide signaling pathway in regulating primary root length and responding to drought stress in wheat.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wen Yang and Renhan Li and Man Feng and Zhen Qin and Yumei Zhang and Huiru Peng and Yingyin Yao and Zhaorong Hu and Zhongfu Ni and Wen Song and Feng Qin and Fuminori Takahashi and Qixin Sun and Mingming Xin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1949}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady1949}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The TaCEP15 peptide signaling cascade modulates primary root length and drought tolerance in wheat}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HSF2 drives breast cancer progression by acting as a stage-specific switch between proliferation and invasion. SCIADV, 11(36), eady1289. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Breast cancer is hallmarked by phenotypic transitions enabling abnormal cell proliferation and invasion. The stress-protective transcription factor heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) is associated with cancer, but its function in breast carcinogenesis remains poorly understood. Analysis of human breast tumor samples and mouse in vivo xenografts uncovered that HSF2 expression and activity undergo dynamic changes as a function of tumor progression. HSF2 expression, nuclear localization, and coexpression with the proliferation marker Ki67 are increased in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), suggesting that HSF2 designates hyperplastic cells underlying tumor expansion. In mouse xenografts, HSF2 localization switches from nuclear to cytoplasmic upon DCIS-to-invasive transition. Using cell-based models, we identify canonical transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) signaling as the molecular mechanism regulating HSF2. TGF-β–mediated down-regulation of HSF2 allowed acquisition of an invasive cell phenotype, which was counteracted by ectopic HSF2. Together, we propose that HSF2 acts as a stage-specific switch between proliferation and invasion in breast cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jenny C. Pessa and Oona Paavolainen and Hendrik S. E. Hästbacka and Mikael C. Puustinen and Alejandro J. Da Silva and Sandra Pihlström and Silvia Gramolelli and Pia Boström and Pauliina Hartiala and Emilia Peuhu and Jenny Joutsen and Lea Sistonen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1289}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady1289}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HSF2 drives breast cancer progression by acting as a stage-specific switch between proliferation and invasion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping. SCIADV, 11(36), eady1001. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical-enabled identification and interaction provide an integral link between the digital and physical realms. However, nowadays optic-encodings, predominantly reliant on light’s intensity and wavelength, are hindered by environmental light interference and limited information capacity. The introduction of unusual polarization states, such as circular polarization—which is absent from ordinary surroundings—holds promise for higher-dimensional interaction. Here, we propose a circularly polarized optical mapper capable of generating high-entropy, noise-resistant keys, serving as a physical interface for unique interaction process between parties. To materialize this mapper, we developed an automated, in situ synthesis platform that facilitates the self-acting fabrication of robust, solid-state, chiral optical spin constrained assemblies. Our mappers, formed by randomized arrays of discrete assemblies, demonstrate near-theoretical performance in uniformity (0.4917), uniqueness (0.4968), and reliability (0.9355). By emitting high-dimensional spin-polarized light, our mappers enable both far-field readout and near-field authentication, with resistance to stray light interference, offering promising applications in the internet of things, augmented reality, and beyond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mingjiang Zhang and Shanshan Zhao and Jintong Li and Zeyi Li and Junjie Cai and Yajie Zhou and Qi Guo and Wenting Gao and Zhi Tong and Yaxin Wang and Guangen Li and Xueru Guo and Anqi Li and Jing Lin and Taotao Zhuang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1001}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady1001}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wireless, wearable elastography via mechano-acoustic wave sensing for ambulatory monitoring of tissue stiffness. SCIADV, 11(36), eady0534. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Assessing the mechanical properties of soft tissues holds broad clinical relevance. Advances in flexible electronics offer possibilities for wearable monitoring of tissue stiffness. However, existing technologies often rely on tethered setups or require frequent calibration, restricting their use in ambulatory environments. This study introduces a mechano-acoustic wave sensing technology for automated, wireless elastography. The patch-form sensor maintains conformal contact with the skin, regardless of body motion or deformation. It provides continuous, depth-sensitive estimation of subcutaneous tissue stiffness through real-time surface wave dispersion analysis. Theoretical and experimental investigations on phantom materials and tissues spanning a wide range of Young’s modulus (in kilopascals to megapascals) demonstrate the capability of the device to rapidly and robustly evaluate the stiffness at depths up to several centimeters. The device shows compatibility with various tissue models, with results consistent with in-parallel ultrasound elastography measurements. Deployment of the device during exercises confirms its viability for ambulatory monitoring, enabling continuous assessment of variation in tissue stiffness.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenhang Li and Heling Wang and Ziwu Song and Wei Zhang and Yuxin Pan and Zihao Zhao and Chaorui Qiu and Kaiping Yin and Mengdi Han and Allison Bingqing Wang and Haiwen Luan and Jiahong Li and Wenyuan Yan and Shulin Chen and Haixu Shen and Tzu-Li Liu and Sabrina S. M. Lee and Wenbo Ding and Yonggang Huang and John A. Rogers and Changsheng Wu and Xiaoyue Ni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0534}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eady0534}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wireless, wearable elastography via mechano-acoustic wave sensing for ambulatory monitoring of tissue stiffness}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-space visualization of order-disorder transition in BaTiO3. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx9804. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferroelectricity in BaTiO 3 was observed nearly 80 years ago, but the mechanism underlying its ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition remains elusive. The order-disorder transition has been recognized as playing a critical role; however, the precise nature of the order parameter still remains under scrutiny, including the local dipole direction and the correlations above and below the Curie temperature. Using in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy, we directly map polar displacements in BaTiO 3 across the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition, providing atomistic insights into an order-disorder mechanism. Atomic tracking reveals finite polar Ti displacements in the paraelectric phase where they manifest as random polar nanoregions. The displacements align along <111> direction in both the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases. The paraelectric-ferroelectric transition emerges from real-space correlations of the <111> polar Ti displacements. Our direct visualizations provide atomic insights into the order-disorder mechanism in the ferroelectric-paraelectric transition of BaTiO 3 .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Zhang and Xiaoming Shi and Suk Hyun Sung and Cong Li and Houbing Huang and Pu Yu and Ismail El Baggari}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9804}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx9804}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-space visualization of order-disorder transition in BaTiO3}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The discovery of a legionella phage explains a key determinant of human disease. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx9722. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Host cells provide intracellular bacteria with protection from harsh environmental conditions and immune responses, but for many intracellular pathogens, this protection does not appear to be absolute as once thought. Bacteriophages that can kill bacteria inside host cells have been identified for pathogens including Salmonella , Mycobacterium , and Chlamydia species. Even in pathogens for which no stable phages have been isolated, such as Legionella pneumophila , the presence of phage defense systems suggests phage susceptibility. Here, we report the stable isolation of Legionella bacteriophage LME-1 ( Legionella mobile element–1) and its impact on bacterial virulence in humans. Cryo–electron microscopy of the capsid (2.1 angstroms) and portal-tail complex (1.9 angstroms) reveals an unambiguous phage particle with T7-like morphology. Characterizing the host range of this phage, we make a serendipitous finding that links the acquisition of a phage defense mechanism to the formation of a virulent clade of L. pneumophila responsible for 80% of all Legionnaires’ disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Beth Nicholson and José F. Santé and Elizabeth H. Chaney and Justin C. Deme and Shayna R. Deecker and Kristina Sztanko and Alan R. Davidson and Susan M. Lea and Alexander W. Ensminger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9722}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx9722}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The discovery of a legionella phage explains a key determinant of human disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Doping-tunable charge ordering in semiconducting single-layer Cr2Se3. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx8310. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The charge density wave (CDW), a charge ordering phase, offers a valuable framework for exploring electron-electron interactions, electron-phonon coupling, and quantum phase transitions. In CDW materials, carrier density substantially influences the ground state, typically altered through foreign ion doping and investigated at macro- or mesoscopic scales via photoemission or transport techniques. However, atomic-scale visualization, particularly in doped CDW systems without foreign ions, remains rare. Here, we present real-space observation of doping-tunable granular charge ordering using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in semiconducting single-layer Cr 2 Se 3 , a group VIB transition metal chalcogenide (TMC). Observations of lattice distortion, bandgap modulation at E F , and STM contrast inversion at low temperatures indicate a charge ordering origin. Cr 2 Se 3 ’s semiconducting nature enables charge ordering modulation through doping: Hole doping suppresses it, whereas electron doping alters the pattern, yielding a periodic 3√3 × 3√3 CDW phase. This tunable charge ordering in a group VIB TMC advances the understanding of charge doping and ordering interactions in two-dimensional materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sisheng Duan and Jian Gou and Zhihao Cai and Jingcong Hu and Yihe Wang and Hui Ru Tan and Ming Lin and Jialin Zhang and Baojie Feng and Kian Ping Loh and Feipeng Zheng and Andrew T. S. Wee and Wei Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8310}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx8310}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Doping-tunable charge ordering in semiconducting single-layer Cr2Se3}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bone health: Age-related changes in diaphyseal structural properties among european holocene humans during the last 9000 years. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx7981. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Age-related deterioration in bone strength among Western humans has been linked with sedentary lifestyles, but the effect remains debatable. We evaluated aging of diaphyseal strength and cortical bone loss in a European Holocene sample of 1881 adult humeri, femora, and tibiae. Diaphyseal aging did not differ between Early and Late Holocene adults, despite their differences in physical activity. Adult diaphyseal aging was accompanied by the disproportionate rate between a faster increase in the medullary area and an absent or marginal increase in the total area. This indicates that subperiosteal apposition did not fully biomechanically compensate for the medullary expansion. Diaphyseal strength remained unchanged through age in female femora and male diaphyses but declined in female humeri and tibiae. We highlight the importance of postnatal growth to compensate for adult medullary expansion. Diaphyseal aging is critical for the upper limbs, as humeri are more sensitive to aging than femora and tibiae.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vladimír Sládek and Martin Hora and Cara Wall-Scheffler and Michal Struška and Margit Berner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7981}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx7981}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bone health: Age-related changes in diaphyseal structural properties among european holocene humans during the last 9000 years}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HIV-1 manipulates CD96 on CD4+ t cells to subvert antiviral immunity. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx7485. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {HIV-1 evades immune responses by modulating plasma membrane receptors. Using a flow cytometry–based screening, we profiled 332 surface receptors on HIV-1–infected primary CD4 + T cells and identified 23 down-regulated receptors, including known targets such as CD4, MHCI, CCR7, and CD62L. CD96, an inhibitory natural killer (NK) cell receptor poorly studied in human CD4 + T cells, was markedly down-regulated. This modulation, mediated by the viral proteins Nef and Vpu, surpassed that of other NK-associated receptors such as CD155 and NTB-A and is conserved across lentiviruses. CD96 Hi CD4 + T cells exhibited a proinflammatory T H 1/T H 17 phenotype characterized by IFN-γ and IL-17 secretion and displayed impaired migration in vivo. Furthermore, CD96 ligation enhanced IFN-γ release upon viral peptide stimulation and promoted the secretion of T H 1/T H 17-associated cytokines. Our findings suggest that CD96 regulates antiviral immune responses and maintains proinflammatory properties in CD4 + T cells. Thus, its down-regulation represents a previously unknown HIV-1 immune evasion strategy, with implications for exploiting CD96 as immunotherapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sandra Dehn and Rabea Burkhard and Johanna Leyens and Tabea Kaiser and Simone Brandimarte and Dinah Heiligensetzer and Herwig Koppensteiner and Baubak Bajoghli and Stephan Hailfinger and Karin Schilbach and Michael Schindler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7485}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx7485}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HIV-1 manipulates CD96 on CD4+ t cells to subvert antiviral immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deltex and RING-UIM e3 ligases cooperate to create a ubiquitin-ADP-ribose hybrid mark on tankyrase, promoting its stabilization. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx7172. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {ADP-ribosylation can occur as mono-ADP-ribose (MAR) or be extended into poly-ADP-ribose (PAR). Tankyrase, a PAR transferase, adds PAR to itself and other proteins targeting them for proteasomal degradation via the PAR-binding E3 ligase RNF146. This degradation can be counteracted by RING-UIM E3 ligases RNF114 and RNF166, although the process is unclear. Here, we identify a mechanism that can regulate the balance between MAR and PAR on tankyrase to control degradation. We show that Deltex E3 ligases DTX2 and DTX3 catalyze monoubiquitylation of tankyrase in cells. This ubiquitylation occurs, not on a (canonical) lysine, but rather on MAR, creating a monoubiquitin-MAR hybrid mark. RNF114 and RNF166 recognize this mark using a unique hybrid reader domain and further diubiquitylate it. This ubiquitylation of MAR, which occurs near the ADP-ribose addition site, prevents PAR formation, antagonizing the action of the PAR-binding E3 ligase RNF146 and stabilizing tankyrase. These findings reveal an interplay between ubiquitin, ADP-ribose, and E3 ligases in cellular signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jerome Perrard and Kevin Gao and Katherine Ring and Susan Smith}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7172}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx7172}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deltex and RING-UIM e3 ligases cooperate to create a ubiquitin-ADP-ribose hybrid mark on tankyrase, promoting its stabilization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gyroscope measurements of the precession and nutation of earth’s axis. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx6634. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-precision, Sagnac interferometry has long been proposed as a route to test fundamental questions in physics such as the magnitude of relativistic precessions (e.g., the Lense-Thirring effect). Although many elaborate experiments have been performed using, for example, matter wave interferometry or even quantum entanglement, none are within six orders of magnitude of the sensitivity and stability required to achieve such a measurement. We report on the operation of a free space ring laser gyroscope over a period of 250 days under an ambient pressure stabilizing vessel continuously in an unperturbed underground laboratory. Because we measure relative to local inertial space, the precession and nutation motion of Earth’s axis are intrinsically contained in the observations. It is demonstrated that optical interferometry, using an ultrastable cavity, yields an accuracy limit for rotation sensing of 48 parts per billion (i.e., picoradians per second), less than an order of magnitude away from the regime in which relativistic effects can be measured.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {K. Ulrich Schreiber and Urs Hugentobler and Jan Kodet and Simon Stellmer and Thomas Klügel and Jon-Paul R. Wells}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6634}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx6634}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gyroscope measurements of the precession and nutation of earth’s axis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Near-unity spontaneous emission factor InP surface-emitting lasers based on quasi-bound states in the continuum. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx6527. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Surface-emitting lasers featuring optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers. However, structural damage caused by top-down fabrication processes remains as a major obstacle that limits device performance. Here, we overcome this bottleneck by demonstrating surface-emitting quasi-BIC lasers fabricated with a bottom-up, etching-free process. We epitaxially grow arrays of crystal phase–engineered InP nanosheets with atomically smooth sidewalls as both the laser active medium and a symmetry-broken quasi-BIC cavity, strategically optimizing coupling between spontaneous emission and the lasing mode. Furthermore, we leverage the dipole selection rule associated with the wurtzite crystal structure of the nanosheets for side mode suppression, achieving single-mode lasing at room temperature with lasing threshold as low as 14 μJ cm −2 pulse −1 . Optimal light-cavity coupling is evidenced by spontaneous emission factors as high as 0.8, showcasing the potential of bottom-up BIC lasers in realizing near-thresholdless lasing at room temperature.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Wen Wong and Xiaoying Huang and Olivier Lee Cheong Lem and Chennupati Jagadish and Hark Hoe Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6527}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx6527}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Near-unity spontaneous emission factor InP surface-emitting lasers based on quasi-bound states in the continuum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic control of electron correlations in photodoped charge-transfer insulators. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx5676. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The electronic properties of correlated insulators are governed by the strength of Coulomb interactions, enabling the control of electronic conductivity with external stimuli. This work highlights that the strength of electronic correlations in nickel oxide (NiO), a prototypical charge-transfer insulator, can be coherently reduced by tuning the intensity of an optical pulse excitation. This weakening of correlations persists for hundreds of picoseconds and exhibits a recovery time independent of photodoping density across two orders of magnitude. A broadening of the charge-transfer gap is also observed, consistent with dynamical screening. The high degree of control achieved over both the energy and temporal dynamics of electronic correlations offers a promising avenue to a full optical control of correlated systems and the Mott transition.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas C. Rossi and Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean and Malte Oppermann and Michael Porer and Arnaud Magrez and Rajesh V. Chopdekar and Yayoi Takamura and Urs Staub and Renske M. van der Veen and Angel Rubio and Majed Chergui}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5676}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx5676}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic control of electron correlations in photodoped charge-transfer insulators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Formation of breccia pipes associated with a hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system on the east caroline plate in the west pacific. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx2600. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A large hydrothermal field at depths >4300 meters was found on the east Caroline plate in the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we show that large hydrothermal pipes with steep walls and breccia-dominated bottoms suggest explosions of billion metric tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene) equivalent. More than 800 short-duration seismic events were detected within 28 days along a 150-kilometer profile, indicating widespread ongoing explosive gas release. We suggest that billions of tons of hydrogen gas were produced through serpentinization associated with fluid infiltration via fractures formed by bending of the oceanic plate. Hydrogen was retained in fractures sealed by mud and carbonate. However, hydrogen alone cannot produce the explosive capacity responsible for the formation of pipes. Oxygen released from circulating seawater can be concentrated at crustal depths and then mixed with mantle-derived hydrogen. Explosion of the gas mixture releases large amounts of heat that triggers further explosions of compressed hydrogen gas and results in the formation of hydrothermal pipes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanyuan Xiao and Kun Wang and Yuan Wang and Shuai Yuan and Hongyun Zhang and Tianyu Zhang and Congying Li and Annan Ren and Guozhi Xie and Vadim S. Kamenetsky and Hao Xie and Fengtai Tong and Shengji Wei and Weidong Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2600}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx2600}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Formation of breccia pipes associated with a hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system on the east caroline plate in the west pacific}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Brain stimulation preferentially influences long-range projections. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx2106. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Advances in brain stimulation have made it possible to target smaller and smaller regions for electromagnetic stimulation, in the hopes of producing increasingly focal neural effects. However, the brain is extensively interconnected, and the neurons comprising those connections may themselves be particularly susceptible to neurostimulation. Here, we test this hypothesis by identifying long-range projections in single-unit recordings from nonhuman primates receiving transcranial alternating current stimulation. We find that putative long-range projections are more strongly affected by stimulation than other cells. Specifically, they are both more entrained on average and account for occurrences of extremely strong entrainment. Given that stimulation appears to target the edges, rather than nodes, of neural networks, it may be necessary to rethink how neurostimulation strategies are designed.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pedro G. Vieira and Matthew R. Krause and Pooya Laamerad and Christopher C. Pack}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2106}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx2106}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Brain stimulation preferentially influences long-range projections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flapping-wing robot achieves bird-style self-takeoff by adopting reconfigurable mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx0465. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flying vertebrates use specialized wingbeat kinematics in hovering, takeoff, and landing, featuring ventrally anterior downstrokes and aerodynamically inactive upstrokes to enhance aerodynamic characteristics at low airspeeds. Rarely implemented in robotics, this inspired RoboFalcon2.0, a flapping-wing robot with reconfigurable mechanisms performing bioinspired flap-sweep-fold (FSF) motion for controlled bird-style takeoff. FSF couples flapping, sweeping, and folding within a single wingbeat cycle, mimicking vertebrate slow-flight kinematics. Wind tunnel tests demonstrate that sweeping amplitude modulates lift and pitching moment in FSF motion. Computational fluid dynamics simulations reveal that FSF’s aerodynamic effects correlate with leading-edge vortex strength and pressure center location. Dynamics simulations analyze pitch control during takeoff. Real-world flights validate RoboFalcon2.0’s self-takeoff capability. This work advances avian-inspired robotics through vertebrate-like actuation principles, enabling more biomimetic flapping-wing designs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ang Chen and Bifeng Song and Kang Liu and Zhihe Wang and Dong Xue and Hongduo Qi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0465}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx0465}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flapping-wing robot achieves bird-style self-takeoff by adopting reconfigurable mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ndc80 complex, a conserved coupler for kinetochore-microtubule motility, is a sliding molecular clutch. SCIADV, 11(36), eadx0005. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chromosome motion at spindle microtubule plus ends relies on dynamic molecular bonds between kinetochores and proximal microtubule walls. Under opposing forces, kinetochores move bidirectionally along these walls while remaining near the ends, yet how continuous wall sliding occurs without end detachment remains unclear. Using ultrafast force-clamp spectroscopy, we show that single Ndc80 complexes, the primary microtubule-binding kinetochore component, exhibit processive, bidirectional sliding. Plus end–directed forces induce a mobile catch bond in Ndc80, increasing frictional resistance and restricting sliding toward the tip. Conversely, forces pulling Ndc80 away from the plus end trigger mobile slip-bond behavior, facilitating sliding. This dual behavior arises from force-dependent modulation of the Nuf2 calponin-homology domain’s microtubule binding, identifying this subunit as a friction regulator. We propose that Ndc80’s ability to modulate sliding friction provides the mechanistic basis for the kinetochore’s end coupling, enabling its slip-clutch behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vladimir M. Demidov and Ivan V. Gonchar and Suvranta K. Tripathy and Fazly I. Ataullakhanov and Ekaterina L. Grishchuk}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0005}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadx0005}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ndc80 complex, a conserved coupler for kinetochore-microtubule motility, is a sliding molecular clutch}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Focus-tunable real-time imaging system based on ultrathin perovskite curved image sensor with hierarchical mesh design. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw7826. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human visual system’s real-time focus-tunable imaging capability has inspired curved imaging system development. However, curved image sensors mimicking the human retina typically lack tunable curvature to match the curved Petzval surface throughout the focus-tunable range. Here, we propose a focus-tunable real-time curved imaging system based on a tunable-curvature perovskite curved image sensor. Using parylene C film for waterproofing and encapsulation, the ultrathin perovskite curved image sensor with the hierarchical mesh design is demonstrated, which conforms to spherical surfaces of different radii while maintaining mechanical stability during deformation. The image sensor exhibits low detection limit (10 nanowatts per square centimeter) and long-term stable dynamic photoresponse. Combining the image sensor with a tunable lens achieves clear images at different distances via simultaneously adjusting both sensor and lens radii. Furthermore, through integrating image sensor with a readout matrix and wireless data collection component, the real-time imaging system is demonstrated with real-time focus-tunable imaging capabilities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zeping He and Boning Sun and Hui Lu and Xidi Sun and Zhangsheng Xu and Yegang Liang and Qiuchun Lu and Yang Yu and Kaiyu Hu and Swapnadeep Poddar and Wenqiang Wu and Wenchao Gao and Xun Han and Zhiyong Fan and Caofeng Pan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7826}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw7826}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Focus-tunable real-time imaging system based on ultrathin perovskite curved image sensor with hierarchical mesh design}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bordetellae colonization oligosaccharide (b-cool), a glycan crucial for nasal colonization. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw7764. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Respiratory tract infections pose considerable global health challenges. Upper airway colonization is pivotal to these infections, including those caused by Bordetella species. We identified an oligosaccharide, bordetellae colonization oligosaccharide (b-Cool), crucial for early nasal colonization of Bordetella bronchiseptica . We characterized the structure of b-Cool by LC-MS and NMR and found that it is prevalent across a diverse range of bordetellae, including Bordetella pertussis , which causes whooping cough in humans. A B. bronchiseptica mutant lacking b-Cool (Δ b-Cool ) showed significantly delayed and decreased colonization in mouse nasopharynx and nasal epithelia, resulting in decreased transmission. The colonization defect of Δ b-Cool was rescued in mucin deficient mice, suggesting that b-Cool may facilitate colonization in the presence of airway mucins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Su and Maiya Callender and Dylan Woolsey and Joanna Zhu and Colleen Sedney and Mimi Thu Vu and Jillian Masters and Amanda Caulfield and Kalyan Dewan and Emily Gaskill and Reilly Stevens and Austin Joshua and Christopher M. Evans and John Glushka and Evgeny Vinogradov and Andrew Preston and Thomas Krunkosky and Maor Bar-Peled and Eric T. Harvill}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7764}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw7764}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bordetellae colonization oligosaccharide (b-cool), a glycan crucial for nasal colonization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Uridine as a potentiator of aminoglycosides through activation of carbohydrate transporters. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw7630. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aminoglycosides (AGs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics effective against Gram-negative bacteria, with uptake dependent on membrane potential. However, the mechanisms of AG entry remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify a previously undescribed uptake pathway via carbohydrate transporters in E. coli . By deleting or overexpressing 26 carbohydrate transporters, we found that 18 facilitated AG uptake, a mechanism conserved across several Gram-negative ESKAPEE pathogens. Using fluorescent-labeled AGs and flow cytometry, we quantified differential uptake. To enhance AG efficacy, we screened 198 carbon sources for their ability to induce transporter expression using a cmtA - gfp fusion. Uridine emerged as a strong inducer of cmtA and 12 additional AG-importing transporters. Coadministration of uridine considerably improved AG efficacy against clinical and resistant E. coli strains by enhancing drug uptake. This combination also improved outcomes in human blood ex vivo and in a murine urinary tract infection model. Given uridine’s clinical safety, it holds promise as an adjuvant to potentiate AG treatment against multidrug-resistant infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manon Lang and Stéphane Renard and Imane El-Meouche and Ariane Amoura and Erick Denamur and Léo Hardy and Julia Bos and Tara Brosschot and Molly A. Ingersoll and Eric Bacqué and Didier Mazel and Zeynep Baharoglu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7630}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw7630}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Uridine as a potentiator of aminoglycosides through activation of carbohydrate transporters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of the crossover from quantum fluxoid to half-quantum fluxoid in a chiral superconducting device. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw6625. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Topological superconductors are one of the intriguing material groups from the viewpoint of not only condensed matter physics but also industrial applications such as quantum computers based on Majorana fermion. For real applications, developments of thin-film topological superconductors are highly desirable. Bi/Ni bilayer is a possible candidate for thin-film chiral superconductors where the time-reversal symmetry is broken. Here we report the phase shift of resistance oscillations by half flux quantum in a ring-shaped device of epitaxial Bi/Ni bilayer induced by a small magnetic field through the ring. The half quantum fluxoid can be decisive evidence for unconventional superconductors where the superconducting order parameter has an internal degree of freedom. The present result provides a functional operating principle for quantum devices where the phase of the supercurrent can be shifted by π with a small magnetic field, based on the internal degree of freedom had by topological superconductivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Masashi Tokuda and Fumiya Matsumoto and Noriaki Maeda and Tomo Higashihara and Mai Nakao and Mori Watanabe and Sanghyun Lee and Ryoya Nakamura and Masaki Maeda and Nan Jiang and Di Yue and Hideki Narita and Kazushi Aoyama and Takeshi Mizushima and Jun-ichiro Ohe and Teruo Ono and Xiaofeng Jin and Kensuke Kobayashi and Yasuhiro Niimi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6625}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw6625}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of the crossover from quantum fluxoid to half-quantum fluxoid in a chiral superconducting device}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Path integration impairments reveal early cognitive changes in subjective cognitive decline. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw6404. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Path integration, the ability to track one’s position using self-motion cues, is critically dependent on the grid cell network in the entorhinal cortex, a region vulnerable to early Alzheimer’s disease pathology. In this study, we examined path integration performance in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a group at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease, and healthy controls using an immersive virtual reality task. We developed a Bayesian computational model to decompose path integration errors into distinct components. SCD participants exhibited significantly higher path integration error, primarily driven by increased memory leak, while other modeling-derived error sources, such as velocity gain, sensory, and reporting noise, remained comparable across groups. Our findings suggest that path integration deficits, specifically memory leak, may serve as an early marker of neurodegeneration in SCD and highlight the potential of self-motion–based navigation tasks for detecting presymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease–related cognitive changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vladislava Segen and Md Rysul Kabir and Adam Streck and Jakub Slavik and Wenzel Glanz and Michaela Butryn and Ehren Newman and Zoran Tiganj and Thomas Wolbers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6404}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw6404}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Path integration impairments reveal early cognitive changes in subjective cognitive decline}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioinspired twist-hyperbolic metamaterial for impact buffering and self-powered real-time sensing in UAVs. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw6179. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Turbulence-induced vibrations pose substantial risks to aircraft structural integrity and flight stability, particularly in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), where real-time impact monitoring and lightweight protection are critical. Here, we present a bioinspired twist-hyperbolic metamaterial (THM) integrated with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for simultaneously impact buffering and self-powered sensing. The THM-TENG protector exhibits tunable stiffness (40 to 4300 newtons per millimeter), ~70% impact energy absorption, and achieves a specific energy absorption of ~0.25 joules per gram at a weight of only 10 grams. Through triboelectrification, the protector converts mechanical energy into electrical signals, enabling real-time monitoring of impact loads up to 1000 newtons (≤5 hertz). Integrated with a microcontroller unit, wireless transmission, and alarm systems, THM-TENG demonstrates dual functionality in UAVs: mitigating vibration while providing real-time force monitoring, positioning, and early warning, all without external power sources. This work establishes a transformative framework for lightweight, multifunctional protective systems with applications in aerospace, robotics, and autonomous vehicles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xujiang Chao and Haoteng Hu and Jianjie Lin and Xueyang Ge and Yajun Wang and Linjie Xie and Bofan Hu and Liang Meng and Shudong Yu and Fei Liang and Lehua Qi and Zhong Lin Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6179}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw6179}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioinspired twist-hyperbolic metamaterial for impact buffering and self-powered real-time sensing in UAVs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic deep marine oxygenation during the early and middle paleozoic. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw5878. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Early Paleozoic radiation of diverse animal life is commonly connected to a well-ventilated global ocean. Yet the oxygenation history of Paleozoic deep oceans remains debated. Using thallium (Tl) isotope ratios in deep-marine mudrocks, we reconstruct the history of deep marine oxygenation from ~485 to 380 million years ago. Thallium isotopes can track bottom water oxygenation indirectly through their sensitivity to seafloor Mn oxide burial. We apply Tl isotopes to a global set of mudrocks, placing a particular focus on the Road River Group of Yukon, Canada. Our data reveal an oscillatory pattern in seawater Tl isotope ratios and, in turn, a dynamic ocean ventilation history. A long-lived deep ocean oxygenation episode is identified between ~405 and 386 million years ago. These short-term dynamics are superimposed on a muted positive ocean oxygenation trend over the entire Early and Middle Paleozoic. Sustained O 2 accumulation in global marine bottom waters occurred sometime after ~380 million years ago according to our dataset.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chadlin M. Ostrander and Jean Nikolas R. Clemente and Richard G. Stockey and Justin V. Strauss and Tiffani Fraser and Sune G. Nielsen and Erik A. Sperling}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5878}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw5878}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic deep marine oxygenation during the early and middle paleozoic}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synaptic targets of circadian clock neurons influence core clock parameters. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw4666. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neuronal connectivity in the circadian clock network is essential for robust endogenous timekeeping. In the Drosophila circadian clock network, the small ventral lateral neurons (sLN v s) serve as critical pacemakers. Peptidergic communication mediated by the neuropeptide Pigment Dispersing Factor (PDF), released by sLN v s, has been well characterized. In contrast, little is known about the role of the synaptic connections that sLN v s form with downstream neurons. Connectomic analyses revealed that the sLN v s form strong synaptic connections with previously uncharacterized neurons called superior lateral protocerebrum 316 (SLP316). Here, we show that silencing the synaptic output from the SLP316 neurons via tetanus toxin expression shortened the free-running period, whereas hyperexciting them by expressing the bacterial voltage-gated sodium channel resulted in period lengthening. Under light-dark cycles, silencing SLP316 neurons caused lower daytime activity and higher daytime sleep. Our results reveal that the main postsynaptic partners of key Drosophila pacemaker neurons are a nonclock neuronal cell type that regulates the timing of sleep and activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eva Scholz-Carlson and Aishwarya R. Iyer and Aljoscha Nern and John Ewer and Maria P. Fernandez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4666}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw4666}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synaptic targets of circadian clock neurons influence core clock parameters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Supplementing HIV-ART with cannabinoids increases serotonin, BHB, and ahr signaling while reducing secondary bile acids and acylcholines. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw4021. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with HIV (PWH) experience persistent inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, increasing their risk for non-AIDS comorbidities. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of long-term/low-dose Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) supplementation in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)–infected, ART-treated rhesus macaques (RMs). THC significantly increased plasma/jejunum serotonin and indole-3-propionate, enhancing gut-brain communication through up-regulation of serotonin receptors (HTR4/HTR7) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) signaling via a cannabinoid receptor (CBR)-2–mediated mechanism. Furthermore, THC enriched cholesterol-metabolizing Oscillibacter and reduced plasma cholesterol and toxic secondary bile acids (SBAs), thus improving cholesterol and SBA homeostasis. Furthermore, THC increased β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels via a CBR1-mediated mechanism, suggesting enhanced hepatic fatty acid oxidation for metabolic and cardiovascular health. THC restored ART/SIV-induced elevation of pro-inflammatory and cardiotoxic long-chain acylcholines to preinfection levels. THC-treated RMs maintained viral suppression despite reduced plasma ART levels, suggesting diminished ART-related toxicity. Our findings demonstrate phytocannabinoids to be a safe adjunct therapy alongside ART to mitigate chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in PWH.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lakmini S. Premadasa and Luis Romero and Mahesh Mohan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4021}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw4021}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Supplementing HIV-ART with cannabinoids increases serotonin, BHB, and ahr signaling while reducing secondary bile acids and acylcholines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TaGW2-TaVOZ1 module regulates wheat salt tolerance via both e3 ligase–dependent and –independent pathways. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw3985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wheat production is limited by the rapid expansion of salinized arable land worldwide. Identification of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the salt stress response is of great importance. Here, we uncovered the NAC-type transcription factor, TaVOZ1, as a positive regulator of wheat salt tolerance. Its overexpression could enhance yield and biomass production under salt stress, while TaVOZ1 knockdown attenuates salt tolerance. TaVOZ1 transcriptionally activates stress-responsive genes, especially HKT1 -family transporters, decreasing shoot Na + accumulation. However, the RING-type E3 ligase, TaGW2, directly interacts with and ubiquitinates TaVOZ1, promoting its ubiquitin/26 S proteasomal degradation. TaGW2 overexpression reduces salt tolerance, while its knockdown or knockout enhances wheat response to salt stress. Moreover, we found a moonlight function of TaGW2 wherein it binds the same DNA motifs as TaVOZ1 to block its up-regulation of HKT1 -family genes while coordinately governing both the salt tolerance and grain yield. This study highlights the functional versatility of TaGW2 and defines an antagonistic TaGW2-TaVOZ1 regulatory module in wheat salt tolerance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shumin Li and Peiyin Zhang and Xuemin Wang and Wenxuan Feng and Hongqing Zhu and Zhen Qin and Bin Chen and Cun Wang and Xiaojun Nie and Zhensheng Kang and Hude Mao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw3985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TaGW2-TaVOZ1 module regulates wheat salt tolerance via both e3 ligase–dependent and –independent pathways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient energy transfer in a hybrid organic-inorganic van der waals heterostructure. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw3969. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer strong light-matter interaction and design flexibility beyond bulk semiconductors, but an intrinsic limit is the low absorption imposed by the atomic thickness. A long-sought-after goal is to achieve complementary absorption enhancement through energy transfer (ET) to break this limit. However, it is found challenging due to the competing charge transfer (CT) process and lack of resonance in exciton states. Here, we report highly efficient ET in a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic heterostructure (HOIST) of Me-PTCDI/WS 2 . Resonant ET is observed leading to enhanced WS 2 photoluminescence (PL) by 124 times. We identify Dexter exchange between the Frenkel state in donor and an excited 2 s state in acceptor as the main ET mechanism, as supported by density functional theory calculations. We further demonstrate ET-enhanced phototransistor devices with enhanced responsivity by nearly 1000 times without sacrificing the response time. Our results expand the understanding of interlayer relaxation processes in 2D materials and open opportunities in optoelectronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoqing Chen and Huijuan Zhao and Ruixiang Fei and Chun Huang and Jingsi Qiao and Cheng Sun and Haiming Zhu and Li Zhan and Zehua Hu and Songlin Li and Li Yang and Zemin Tang and Lianhui Wang and Yi Shi and Wei Ji and Jian-Bin Xu and Li Gao and Xuetao Gan and Xinran Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3969}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw3969}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient energy transfer in a hybrid organic-inorganic van der waals heterostructure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AI-powered automated model construction for patient-specific CFD simulations of aortic flows. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw2825. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Image-based modeling is essential for understanding cardiovascular hemodynamics and advancing the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Constructing patient-specific vascular models remains labor-intensive, error-prone, and time-consuming, limiting their clinical applications. This study introduces a deep-learning framework that automates the creation of simulation-ready vascular models from medical images. The framework integrates a segmentation module for accurate voxel-based vessel delineation with a surface deformation module that performs anatomically consistent and unsupervised surface refinements guided by medical image data. The integrated pipeline addresses key limitations of existing methods, enhancing geometric accuracy and computational efficiency. Evaluated on public datasets, it achieves state-of-the-art segmentation performance while substantially reducing manual effort and processing time. The resulting vascular models exhibit anatomically accurate and visually realistic geometries, effectively capturing both primary vessels and intricate branching patterns. In conclusion, this work advances the scalability and reliability of image-based computational modeling, facilitating broader applications in clinical and research settings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pan Du and Delin An and Chaoli Wang and Jian-Xun Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2825}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw2825}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AI-powered automated model construction for patient-specific CFD simulations of aortic flows}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Machine learning– and multilayer molecular network–assisted screening hunts fentanyl compounds. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw2799. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fentanyl and its analogs are a global concern, making their accurate identification essential for public health. Here, we introduce Fentanyl-Hunter, a screening platform that uses a machine learning classifier and multilayer molecular network to select and annotate fentanyl compounds using mass spectrometry (MS). Our classification model, based on 772 fentanyl spectra and spectral binning feature engineering, achieved an F 1 score of 0.868 ± 0.02. The multilayer network, based on spectral similarity and paired mass distances, covers more than 87% of known fentanyls. Fentanyl-Hunter identified fentanyl members in biological and environmental samples. During biotransformation, 35 metabolites from four widely consumed fentanyl derivatives were identified. Norfentanyl was the major fentanyl compound in wastewater. Retrospective screening of these biomarkers across more than 605,000 MS files in public datasets revealed fentanyl, sufentanil, norfentanyl, or remifentanil acid in more than 250 samples from eight major countries, indicating the potential widespread presence of fentanyl.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Changzhi Shi and Wanli Li and Yang Wang and Xi Chen and Meixiang Yu and Hai Zhang and Zecang You and Maoyong Song and Xiaojun Deng and Mingliang Fang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2799}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw2799}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Machine learning– and multilayer molecular network–assisted screening hunts fentanyl compounds}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Early transatlantic movement of horses and donkeys at jamestown. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw2595. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Domestic equids were central to the initial colonization of the Atlantic coast of the Americas, a process partially chronicled by historical records. While Spanish colonists brought horses to the Caribbean decades earlier, settlement of the English colony at Jamestown, Virginia, was among the first dispersals of horses to the eastern seaboard. Archaeozoological analysis of identifiable domestic equid remains from two contexts associated with the initial occupation of Jamestown demonstrates intense processing and consumption of the first Jamestown horses during the “Starving Time” winter of 1609. Osteological and biomolecular study of these equid remains demonstrates their successful reproduction at the colony and use in transport activities and identifies an adult domestic donkey with mixed European and West African ancestry, possibly supplied through undocumented exchange during a transatlantic stopover. These results reveal the challenges of equid translocation in early settlement of eastern North America and the global connectivity of early transatlantic animal exchange.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William Timothy Treal Taylor and Nicolas Delsol and Vicky M. Oelze and Peter Mitchell and Leah Stricker and Michael Lavin and Akin Ogundiran and Lauren Hosek and Christina Isabelle Barrón-Ortiz and Olumide Ojediran and Diana Quintero-Bisono and Lucy Keith-Diagne and Dane Magoon and Matthew E. HillJr. and Ariane E. Thomas and Anna Waterman and David W. Peate and Lorelei Chauvey and Stéphanie Schiavinato and Laure Calvière-Tonasso and Luís Borges and Aitor Brito-Mayor and Jonathan Santana and George Kamenov and Ludovic Orlando and John Krigbaum}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2595}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw2595}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Early transatlantic movement of horses and donkeys at jamestown}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PTPN22-CD45 dual phosphatase retrograde feedback enhances TCR signaling and autoimmunity. SCIADV, 11(36), eadw2568. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) is encoded by a gene strongly associated with lupus and other autoimmune diseases. PTPN22 regulates T cell receptor (TCR) signaling through dephosphorylation of the kinases lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) and zeta-chain–associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP70). The regulation of PTPN22 remains poorly understood. Here, we identify PTPN22 Ser 449 as a protein kinase A phosphorylation site, which is triggered by TCR engagement and is hyperphosphorylated in lupus peripheral blood cells. PTPN22 Ser 449 phosphorylation selectively lowered the affinity of PTPN22 for ZAP70 versus LCK but also indirectly suppressed inhibitory LCK Tyr 192 phosphorylation through a ZAP70-CD45 signaling axis. The resulting dephosphorylation of LCK Tyr 192 not only enhanced TCR signaling but also modulated pathway activation downstream the TCR. In vivo loss of PTPN22 Ser 449 phosphorylation reduced T cell responses and suppressed experimental lupus nephritis. These results suggest that PTPN22 Ser 449 phosphorylation promotes a CD45-mediated retrograde ZAP70-LCK feedback loop that enhances T cell responses and promotes autoimmunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shen Yang and Eugenio Santelli and Carlos G. Gonzalez and Wade T. Johnson and Irene V. Choi and Chuling Zhuang and Myungja Ro and Leigh-Ana M. Rossitto and I-Shing Yu and Shu-Wha Lin and Yuan Zhan and Qinwei Chen and Jonathan D. Yoshihara and Daniel J. Wallace and Caroline A. Jefferies and Michifumi Yamashita and David J. Gonzalez and Richard I. Ainsworth and Nisarg J. Shah and Stephanie M. Stanford and Nunzio Bottini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2568}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadw2568}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PTPN22-CD45 dual phosphatase retrograde feedback enhances TCR signaling and autoimmunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Foraminifera as indicators of species invasion: Ammonia confertitesta in long island sound. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv9447. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Resolving timing of the invasion of nonindigenous species is difficult in estuarine settings, due to their pervasive history of anthropogenic disturbance. Many non-native marine taxa are not documented until after they have become invasive, leaving questions about invasion timing (first introduction and lag period), geographic origin, vectors and pathways, and cause(s) of success. Foraminifera, unicellular, calcareous-shelled eukaryotes, offer a unique way of analyzing past ecosystem structure because their fossilized shells provide a window into the past, and small size and abundance enable us to document distribution over time in core samples. We use records of Foraminifera to document the timing and history of establishment of an invasive species ( Ammonia confertitesta ) in Long Island Sound, east of New York City (USA). A. confertitesta was rare from the mid-19th century but did not proliferate until the mid-1970s. We hypothesize that increasing propagule pressure from the rapid increase in global ship traffic and ballast water was the main factor for its success.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eleanor J. Goetz and Pincelli M. Hull and Johan Varekamp and Ellen Thomas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9447}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv9447}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Foraminifera as indicators of species invasion: Ammonia confertitesta in long island sound}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cross-feeding percolation phase transitions of intercellular metabolic networks. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv8216. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intercellular cross-talk is essential for the adaptation capabilities of populations of cells. While direct diffusion-driven cell-to-cell exchanges are difficult to map, current nanotechnology enables one to probe single-cell exchanges with the medium. We introduce a mathematical method to reconstruct the dynamic unfolding of intercellular exchange networks from these data, applying it to an experimental coculture system. The exchange network, initially dense, progressively fragments into small disconnected clusters. To explain these dynamics, we develop a maximum-entropy multicellular metabolic model with diffusion-driven exchanges. The model predicts a transition from a dense network to a sparse one as nutrient consumption shifts. We characterize this crossover both numerically, revealing a power-law decay in the cluster-size distribution, and analytically, by connecting to percolation theory. Comparison with data suggests that populations evolve toward the sparse phase by remaining near the crossover. These findings offer insights into the collective organization driving the adaptive dynamics of cell populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luís C. F. Latoski and Andrea De Martino and Daniele De Martino}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8216}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv8216}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cross-feeding percolation phase transitions of intercellular metabolic networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Retinal gene therapy using epiretinal AAV-containing fibrin hydrogel implants. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv7922. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Subretinal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) is generally more efficacious and less inflammatory than intravitreal injection for retinal gene therapy. However, adverse events (e.g., chorioretinal atrophy) have been reported in many patients receiving subretinal injection of Luxturna (voretigene neparvovec-rzyl) and experimental gene therapies. Subretinal injection confines transduction to the treated area. To address this, we manufactured high-concentration fibrin hydrogels encapsulating AAV2–green fluorescent protein (AAV2- GFP ). Gels had homogeneous AAV distribution, desired mechanical properties, and retained infectivity. Epiretinal placement of fibrin–AAV2- GFP ( n = 11) was compared to subretinal ( n = 5) and intravitreal AAV2- GFP injection ( n = 3). The subretinal group exhibited inconsistent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) transduction restricted to the injection region with severe atrophy in two cases. The intravitreal group had weak transduction and inflammation. In contrast, epiretinal hydrogels degraded within days and led to broad transduction of RPE without atrophy or inflammation. This technology could advance gene therapy for retinal degenerations and other ocular or systemic disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brittni A. Scruggs and Aubrey Berger and Travis Knudsen and Francesca N. Kopp and Matthew Hill and Emma Trncic and Kjersten Anderson and Raymond Iezzi and Alan D. Marmorstein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7922}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv7922}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Retinal gene therapy using epiretinal AAV-containing fibrin hydrogel implants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). COSINE-100 full dataset challenges the annual modulation signal of DAMA/LIBRA. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv6503. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {For over 25 years, the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration has claimed to observe an annual modulation signal, suggesting the existence of dark matter interactions. However, no experiment using different target materials has observed a dark matter signal consistent with their result. To address this puzzle, the COSINE-100 collaboration conducted a model-independent test using sodium iodide crystal detectors, the same target material as DAMA/LIBRA. Analyzing data collected over 6.4 years by the effective mass of 61.3 kilograms, with improved energy calibration and time-dependent background modeling, we found no evidence of an annual modulation signal, challenging the DAMA/LIBRA result with a confidence level greater than 3σ. This finding represents a substantial step toward resolving the long-standing debate surrounding DAMA/LIBRA’s dark matter claim, indicating that the observed modulation is unlikely to be caused by dark matter interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nelson Carlin and Jae Young Cho and Jae Jin Choi and Seonho Choi and Anthony C. Ezeribe and Luis Eduardo França and Chang Hyon Ha and In Sik Hahn and Sophia J. Hollick and Eunju Jeon and Han Wool Joo and Woon Gu Kang and Matthew Kauer and Bongho Kim and Hongjoo Kim and Jinyoung Kim and Kyungwon Kim and SungHyun Kim and Sun Kee Kim and Won Kyung Kim and Yeongduk Kim and Yong-Hamb Kim and Young Ju Ko and Doohyeok Lee and Eun Kyung Lee and Hyunseok Lee and Hyun Su Lee and Hye Young Lee and In Soo Lee and Jaison Lee and Jooyoung Lee and Moo Hyun Lee and Seo Hyun Lee and Seung Mok Lee and Yujin Lee and Douglas S. Leonard and Nguyen Thanh Luan and Vitor Hugo de Almeida Machado and Bruno B. Manzato and Reina H. Maruyama and Robert J. Neal and Stephen L. Olsen and Byung Ju Park and Hyang Kyu Park and Hyeonseo Park and Jong-Chul Park and Kangsoon Park and Se Dong Park and Ricardo L. C. Pitta and Hafizh Prihtiadi and Sejin Ra and Carsten Rott and Keon Ah Shin and David F. F. S. Cavalcante and Min Ki Son and Neil J. C. Spooner and Lam Tan Truc and Liang Yang and Gyun Ho Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6503}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv6503}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {COSINE-100 full dataset challenges the annual modulation signal of DAMA/LIBRA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Repurposing polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste to capture carbon dioxide. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv5906. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a ubiquitous polymer with a lack of viable waste management solutions besides mechanical recycling, incineration, and landfilling. Herein, we demonstrate a chemical upcycling of PET waste into materials for CO 2 capture via aminolysis. The aminolysis reaction products—a bis-aminoamide (BAETA) and oligomers—exhibit high CO 2 capture capacity up to 3.4 moles per kilogram as a stand-alone organic solid material. BAETA shows strong chemisorption featuring high selectivity for CO 2 capture from flue gas (5 to 20% CO 2 ) and ambient air (~400 parts per million CO 2 ) under humid conditions. Our thermally stable material (>250°C) enables CO 2 capture at high temperatures (up to 170°C) for multiple cycles. Scalability of the material production was demonstrated by performing aminolysis of untreated consumer waste PET of 1 kilogram. Our approach introduces a simple and straightforward solution that can address both plastic waste and carbon dioxide, offering a potential pathway toward net negative emissions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Margarita Poderyte and Rodrigo Lima and Peter Illum Golbækdal and Dennis Wilkens Juhl and Kathrine L. Olesen and Niels Chr. Nielsen and Arianna Lanza and Ji-Woong Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5906}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv5906}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Repurposing polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste to capture carbon dioxide}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Myo-inositol is a key regulator of avian metabolism: From mechanisms to seasonal behavior. SCIADV, 11(36), eadv2794. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Being naturally hyperglycemic and insulin insensitive, birds maintain plasma glucose levels twice as high as mammals of similar size. Recent evidence suggests that perturbation of myo-inositol (MI) plays a role in mammalian hyperglycemic regulation. Using an integrative approach, we identify a fundamental role of MI in avian metabolism. We show that MI transporters are highly conserved across birds and that dietary MI reduces fat accumulation in Anna’s hummingbirds. MI consumption by hummingbirds varies with seasonal changes in body mass, consistent with a regulatory role. Furthermore, MI enhances fatty acid oxidation in avian cells, via effects on pyruvate-dehydrogenase complexes, indicating a role in mitochondrial fuel selection. Our findings underscore the importance of MI in avian metabolism, offering insights into their evolutionary adaptations in the context of insulin insensitivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adi Domer and Tyler R. Misraje and Dianna Xing and B. Gabriela Arango and Giovanna Selleghin-Veiga and Ammon Corl and Rauri C. K. Bowie and Jimmy A. McGuire and Karen L. Sweazea and José Pablo Vázquez-Medina and Robert Dudley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2794}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadv2794}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Myo-inositol is a key regulator of avian metabolism: From mechanisms to seasonal behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The role of the north american continent in strengthening the asian summer monsoon. SCIADV, 11(36), eadu8589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most studies on modern Asian monsoon formation focus on mechanisms arising within the Afro-Eurasian continent, while fewer compare the effects from remote continents. Here, we explore this question using a coupled climate model. We show that the existence of the North American continent is critical for the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon. The mechanism involves North America acting as an additional heating center, resulting in the strengthening and extension of oceanic advection toward the monsoon region. This is achieved via the Rodwell-Hoskins mechanism that strengthens the North Pacific subtropical high and through a widespread Northern Hemisphere heating that shifts the Hadly circulation subsidence center poleward. This teleconnection is independent of the presence of the Tibetan Plateau, and its impact on East Asian summer precipitation is found to be smaller but comparable to that of Tibet. The individual role of other continents outside Afro-Eurasia is found to be less important.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Linlin Chen and Paul J. Valdes and Alexander Farnsworth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadu8589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The role of the north american continent in strengthening the asian summer monsoon}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrastrong staphylococcus aureus adhesion to human skin: Calcium as a key regulator of noncovalent interactions. SCIADV, 11(36), eadu7457. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Calcium is a critical regulator of Staphylococcus aureus skin adhesion, stabilizing one of the strongest noncovalent biomolecular interactions ever recorded. Using in vitro and in silico single-molecule force spectroscopy, we demonstrate that calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) are essential for the ultrastrong binding between the serine-aspartate repeat protein D (SdrD) adhesin and the human skin protein desmoglein-1 (DSG-1), withstanding forces exceeding 2 nanonewtons. Ca 2+ ions stabilize both the SdrD complex and the mechanically robust SdrD B-domains, which exhibit unprecedented folding strength. In the context of atopic dermatitis (AD), disrupted calcium gradients amplify SdrD interactions, which could potentially intensify S. aureus virulence. Furthermore, abnormal DSG-1 distribution on AD-affected skin enhances bacterial adhesion. These findings provide crucial insights into the calcium-dependent regulation of bacterial adhesion and folding, suggesting possible therapeutic targets to combat S. aureus infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Constance Chantraine and Priscila S. F. C. Gomes and Marion Mathelié-Guinlet and Diego E. B. Gomes and Zhiyong Zheng and Julianne Clowry and Mary B. Turley and Alan D. Irvine and Joan A. Geoghegan and Rafael C. Bernardi and Yves F. Dufrêne}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7457}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadu7457}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrastrong staphylococcus aureus adhesion to human skin: Calcium as a key regulator of noncovalent interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Who expands the human creative frontier with generative AI: Hive minds or masterminds?. SCIADV, 11(36), eadu5800. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Artists are rapidly integrating generative text-to-image models into their workflows, yet how this affects creative discovery remains unclear. Leveraging large-scale data from an online art platform, we compare artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted creators to matched nonadopters to assess novel idea contributions. Initially, a concentrated subset of AI-assisted creators contributes more novel artifacts in absolute terms through increased output—the productivity effect—although the average rate of contributing novel artifacts decreases because of a dilution effect. This reflects a shift toward high-volume, incremental exploration, ultimately yielding a greater aggregate of novel artifacts by AI-assisted creators. We observe no evidence of a human-AI effect above and beyond the productivity effect. The release of open-source Stable Diffusion accelerates novel contributions across a more diverse group, suggesting that text-to-image tools facilitate exploration at scale, initially enabling persistent breakthroughs by select “masterminds,” driven by increased volume, and subsequently enabling widespread novel contributions from a “hive mind.”}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eric B. Zhou and Dokyun Lee and Bin Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5800}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadu5800}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Who expands the human creative frontier with generative AI: Hive minds or masterminds?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microenvironment-driven transformable self-assembly nanoplatform enables spatiotemporal remodeling for rheumatoid arthritis therapy. SCIADV, 11(36), eadu5245. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The aberrant vasculature within the inflamed joint cavity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) not only exacerbates joint pathology but also restricts the effective delivery of therapeutic drugs. Herein, we propose a strategy that involves the rapid and sustained vasculature repair alongside microenvironment-driven drug delivery to achieve multifaceted RA management. The transformable, self-assembling nanoplatform specifically accumulates in the inflamed joint cavity guided by a vascular targeting peptide (STP). Subsequently, STP detaches and undergoes shape transformation, forming nanofibers on the vascular endothelium, which serve as a rapid-acting physical barrier in the short term and facilitate sustained vascular normalization in the long term. Concurrently, the remaining nanoparticles undergo charge reversal and RGD exposure, enabling precise delivery of anti-RA agent triptolide and the immunomodulatory agent metformin. Collectively, this study provides a potent strategy for rapid, sustained, and precise spatiotemporal remodeling of RA using a simple yet intelligent self-assembling nanoplatform.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuan Hu and Jiaqi Ma and Xi Chen and Yaxin Chen and Yujun Song and Qingsong Tang and Xinling He and Yitao Wang and Huile Gao and Jinming Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5245}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadu5245}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microenvironment-driven transformable self-assembly nanoplatform enables spatiotemporal remodeling for rheumatoid arthritis therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selective targeting of TBXT with DARPins identifies regulatory networks and therapeutic vulnerabilities in chordoma. SCIADV, 11(36), eadu2796. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The embryonic transcription factor TBXT (brachyury) drives chordoma, a spinal neoplasm without effective drug therapies. TBXT’s regulatory network is poorly understood, and strategies to disrupt its activity for therapeutic purposes are lacking. We developed designed ankyrin repeat proteins that block TBXT-DNA binding (T-DARPins). In chordoma cells, T-DARPins reduced cell cycle progression, spheroid formation, and tumor growth in mice and induced signs of senescence and differentiation. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified gene networks involved in cell cycle regulation, embryonic cell identity, and interferon response and revealed features of regulome components, such as susceptibility to pharmacologic inhibition and the fine-tuning of TBXT downstream effectors through IGFBP3. Finally, we found high interferon signaling in chordoma cell lines and patient tumors, which was promoted by TBXT and associated with sensitivity to JAK2 inhibitors. These findings demonstrate the potential of DARPins for probing nuclear proteins to understand the regulatory networks of transcription factor–driven cancers, including entry points for therapies that warrant testing in patients.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Charles S. Umbaugh and Marie Groth and Cihan Erkut and Kwang-Seok Lee and Joana Marinho and Simon Linder and Florian Iser and Jonas N. Kapp and Petra Schroeter and Simay Dolaner and Asli Kayserili and Dominic Helm and Martin Schneider and Julia Hartmann and Philipp Walch and Thomas F. E. Barth and Kevin Mellert and Birgit Dreier and Jonas V. Schaefer and Andreas Plückthun and Stefan Fröhling and Claudia Scholl}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2796}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadu2796}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selective targeting of TBXT with DARPins identifies regulatory networks and therapeutic vulnerabilities in chordoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanosensitive biochemical imprinting of the talin interaction with DLC1 regulates RhoA activity and cardiomyocyte remodeling. SCIADV, 11(36), eadt6083. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During heart disease, the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes a structural and mechanical transformation. Cardiomyocytes sense the mechanical properties of their environment, leading to phenotypic remodeling. A critical component of the ECM mechanosensing machinery, including the protein talin, is organized at the cardiomyocyte costamere. Our previous work indicated a different talin tension, depending on the ECM stiffness, but the effects on downstream signaling remained elusive. Here, we identify that the talin interacting proteins DLC1 (deleted in liver cancer 1), RIAM (Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule), and paxillin each preferentially bind to talin at a specific ECM stiffness, this interaction is preserved in the absence of tension, and the interaction is regulated through focal adhesion kinase signaling. Moreover, DLC1 regulates cardiomyocyte RhoA activity in a stiffness-dependent way, whereby the loss of DLC1 results in myofibrillar disarray. Together, this study demonstrates a mechanism of imprinting mechanical information into the talin interactome to fine-tune RhoA activity, with impacts on cardiac health and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emilie Marhuenda and Ioannis Xanthis and Poppy O. Smith and Aishwarya Prakash and Till Kallem and Pragati Pandey and Darren Graham Samuel Wilson and Amar Azad and Megan Richter and Davor Pavlovic and Katja Gehmlich and Giuseppe Faggian and Pamela Swiatlowska and Elisabeth Ehler and James Levitt and Simon P. Poland and Simon Ameer-Beg and Benjamin T Goult and Thomas Iskratsch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6083}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadt6083}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanosensitive biochemical imprinting of the talin interaction with DLC1 regulates RhoA activity and cardiomyocyte remodeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Galectin-3 induces neurodevelopmental apical-basal polarity and regulates gyrification. SCIADV, 11(36), eadt5859. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Apical-basal polarity (ABP) establishment and maintenance is necessary for proper brain development, yet how it is controlled is unclear. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been previously implicated in ABP of epithelial cells, and, here, we find that it is apically expressed in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) during neural induction. Gal-3 blockade disrupts ABP and alters the distribution of junctional proteins in hESC-derived neural rosettes and is rescued by addition of recombinant Gal-3. Transcriptomics analysis shows that blocking Gal-3 regulates expression of genes responsible for nervous system development and cell junction assembly, among others. Last, Gal-3 blockade during embryonic development in vivo reduces horizontal cell divisions, disturbs cortical layering of neural progenitors, and induces gyrification. These data uncover a regulatory mechanism for ABP in the brain and warrant caution in modulating Gal-3 during pregnancy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luana Campos Soares and Ning Huang and Hana Bernhardova and Viviana Macarelli and Marva Chan and Lara Nikel and Sara Bandiera and Dongnan Yan and Dhanu Gupta and Elisa M. Cruz and Talia Vasaturo-Kolodner and James M. Hillis and Matthew Wood and Mootaz Salman and Zoltán Molnár and Eric O’Neill and Francis G. Szele}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5859}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadt5859}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Galectin-3 induces neurodevelopmental apical-basal polarity and regulates gyrification}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Computational design of potent and selective binders of BAK and BAX. SCIADV, 11(36), eadt4170. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Potent and selective binders of the key proapoptotic proteins BAK and BAX have not been described. We use computational protein design to generate high affinity binders of BAK and BAX with greater than 100-fold specificity for their target. Both binders activate their targets when at low concentration, driving pore formation, but inhibit membrane permeabilization when in excess. Crystallography shows that the BAK binder induces BAK unfolding, exposing the α6 helix and BH3 domain. Together, these data suggest that upon binding, BAK or BAX unfold; at high binder concentrations, self-association of the partially folded BAK or BAX proteins is blocked and the membrane remains intact, whereas at low concentrations, dimers form, and the membrane ruptures. Our designed binders modulate apoptosis via direct, specific interactions with BAK and BAX and reveal that for therapeutic strategies targeting BAK and BAX, inhibition requires saturating binder concentrations at the site of action.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephanie Berger and Erinna F. Lee and Tiffany J. Harris and Sharon Tran and Asim K. Bera and Lauren Arguinchona and Alex Kang and Banumathi Sankaran and Sila Kasapgil and Michelle S. Miller and Sean Smyth and Mariam Lutfi and Rachel T. Uren and Ruth M. Kluck and Peter M. Colman and Walter D. Fairlie and Peter E. Czabotar and David Baker and Richard W. Birkinshaw}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4170}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadt4170}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Computational design of potent and selective binders of BAK and BAX}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synaptic imbalance and increased inhibition impair motor function in SMA. SCIADV, 11(36), eadt4126. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Movement is executed through balanced excitation-inhibition in spinal motor circuits. Short-term perturbations in one type of neurotransmission are homeostatically counteracted by the opposing type, but prolonged excitation-inhibition imbalance causes dysfunction at both single neuron and circuit levels. However, whether dysfunction in one or both types of neurotransmission leads to pathogenicity in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by select synaptic deficits is not known. Here, we used functional, morphological, and viral-mediated approaches to uncover the pathogenic contribution of unbalanced excitation-inhibition in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). We show that vulnerable SMA motor circuits fail to respond homeostatically to reduced excitation and instead increase inhibition. This imposes an excessive burden on motor neurons and further restricts their recruitment. Reducing inhibition genetically or pharmacologically improves neuronal function and motor behavior in SMA mice. Thus, the disruption of excitation-inhibition homeostasis is a major maladaptive mechanism that diminishes the capacity of premotor commands to recruit motor neurons and elicit muscle contractions in SMA.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emily V. Fletcher and Joshua I. Chalif and Travis M. Rotterman and John G. Pagiazitis and Meaghan Van Alstyne and Nandhini Sivakumar and Danny Florez-Paz and Joseph E. Rabinowitz and Livio Pellizzoni and Francisco J. Alvarez and George Z. Mentis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4126}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadt4126}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synaptic imbalance and increased inhibition impair motor function in SMA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aplf/Dna2 variants drive chromosomal fission and accelerate speciation in zokors. SCIADV, 11(36), eadt2282. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chromosomal fissions and fusions are common, yet the molecular mechanisms and implications in speciation remain poorly understood. Here, we confirm a fission event in one zokor species through multiple-omics and functional analyses. We traced this event to a mutation in a splicing enhancer of the DNA repair gene Aplf in the fission-bearing species, which caused exon skipping and produced a truncated protein that disrupted DNA repair. An intronic deletion in Dna2 , known to facilitate neo-telomere formation when knocked out, reduced gene activity. These variants collectively drove chromosomal fission in this zokor species. The newly formed chromosome became fixed due to carrying essential genes and strong selective pressure. While geographic isolation likely initiated the divergence of this species and the sister one, the fission event and associated decline at the chromosome level in gene flow probably exacerbated the speciation process. Our work elucidates the genetic basis of chromosomal fission and underscores its role in speciation dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Na Wan and Qijiao Duan and Zhenyuan Cai and Zhanwu Zhu and JingOu Wang and Yonghui Tian and Wei Shen and Bowen Li and Zhuoran Kuang and Xiaolong Liang and Sanyuan Liu and Xuan An and Xiaojie Yang and Xi Liu and Leyan Mao and Jiaqi Chen and Yinjia Wang and Zhilong Feng and Wenwen Liu and Yueting Bu and Eviatar Nevo and Riccardo Papa and Axel Meyer and Jianquan Liu and Kexin Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2282}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadt2282}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aplf/Dna2 variants drive chromosomal fission and accelerate speciation in zokors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Leveraging port state measures to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing. SCIADV, 11(36), eads1592. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing threatens the sustainability of fisheries and communities dependent on them. The Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA) is a key tool for combatting IUU fishing by foreign fleets, requiring standardized inspections, information sharing, and port denial. Using satellite data, we characterized how PSMA has affected high seas vessel behavior and identify opportunities to strengthen its impact. PSMA adoption has increased travel distances to the nearest ports in States not Party to PSMA and channeled more fishing effort to domestic and PSMA Party ports. However, domestic fishing fleets need greater attention because they constituted 66% of port visits in 2021. Among reflagged vessels, we also found a 30% increase in visits to PSMA ports by vessels shifting to domestic flags after PSMA entered into force, allowing them to avoid PSMA requirements for foreign vessels. Our results highlight the centrality of implementing consistent, effective port State measures across foreign and domestic fleets to address IUU fishing risks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elizabeth R. Selig and Colette C. C. Wabnitz and Shinnosuke Nakayama and Jaeyoon Park and Richard Barnes and Robert Blasiak and Dawn Borg-Costanzi and Bronwen Golder and Jean-Baptiste Jouffray and Jim Leape and Jessica L. Decker Sparks}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1592}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eads1592}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Leveraging port state measures to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Volcanic emission of reduced sulfur species shaped the climate of early mars. SCIADV, 11(36), eadr9635. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sulfur and other volatiles could be transported from the martian interior to surface through magmatic processes, including mantle melting, magma differentiation, and degassing. However, these processes were not fully integrated in past sulfur cycling models because of complexity from the gas-melt interactions in chemically and dynamically evolving magmatic systems with multicomponent volatiles. Here, we incorporate these processes to simulate how sulfur, carbon, and hydrogen degas from martian melts. We find that reduced sulfur species, H 2 S and S 2 , are dominantly emitted through degassing at crustal to surficial pressures. These sulfur species could condense as sulfide and elemental sulfur, potentially yielding the sulfate deposits observed on the martian surface through secondary oxidation. Our models also show that evolved magmas reach graphite and sulfide saturation at crustal pressures and thus may establish sulfur and carbon reservoirs in the martian crust. The degassed H 2 S and S 2 may form a hazy atmosphere with SF 6 , a potent greenhouse gas, to shape the paleoclimate of Mars.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucia G. Bellino and Chenguang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9635}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadr9635}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Volcanic emission of reduced sulfur species shaped the climate of early mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pulsatile sequential drug release system for cascade tumor deep penetration and differentiation therapy to enhance chemoimmunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(36), eadr8001. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to chemoresistance and immunosuppression, constraining chemoimmunotherapy outcomes. Differentiation therapy, aiming to mature CSCs and MDSCs, shows great promise. However, its efficacy is hindered by limited accessibility in hypoxic deep tumor regions. Inspired by the apoptotic body (ApoBD)–mediated deep tumor penetration, we design a pulsatile sequential drug release system with a core-shell structure. The reversible acid-responsive shell protonates and swells in lysosomes to release doxorubicin, inducing lysosomal escape and cell apoptosis. In ApoBDs, it deprotonates and contracts to prevent excessive drug release. After deep penetration via ApoBDs, the hypoxia-responsive core releases all-trans retinoic acid to reverse CSCs and MDSCs, overcoming chemoresistance and modulating the immuno-microenvironment. This strategy targets the heterogeneous distribution of CSCs and MDSCs in solid tumors, enhancing chemo-intervention and immune checkpoint blockade therapy while presenting encouraging potential for cascade deep tumor penetration and differentiation therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fengxiang Liu and Shipeng Ning and Xia Wang and Xiaoyuan Fan and Bin Wan and Fei Sun and Lili Du and Kefan Shi and Xinpeng Zou and Ruihong Zhu and Mingxing Li and Wenwen Shen and Zhonggui He and Kaiyuan Wang and Jin Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8001}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadr8001}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pulsatile sequential drug release system for cascade tumor deep penetration and differentiation therapy to enhance chemoimmunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Planetary health diet and risk of mortality and chronic diseases: Results from US NHANES, UK biobank, and a meta-analysis. SCIADV, 11(36), eadq5147. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The health benefits of the Planetary Health Diet (PHD) require further validation. We examined associations between PHD adherence and risks of mortality and chronic diseases using data from two prospective cohorts—the US NHANES (1999–2018, 42,947 participants) and the UKB (125,372 participants)—and a meta-analysis of 37 published cohort studies (3,244,263 participants). Higher adherence to PHD was associated with lower all-cause mortality in both cohorts. In the UKB, it was also associated with reduced the risk of cancer and respiratory disease mortality. In the meta-analysis, higher adherence to the PHD was associated with lower risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and reduced risks of colorectal cancer, lung cancer, CVDs, coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. This analysis suggests that higher adherence to the PHD may offer substantial health benefits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanyuan Wang and Da Pan and Chen Zhang and Dengfeng Xu and Yifei Lu and Shiyu Yin and Pei Wang and Jiayue Xia and Junhui Yu and Lirong Dong and Guiju Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5147}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {9}, number = {36}, pages = {eadq5147}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Planetary health diet and risk of mortality and chronic diseases: Results from US NHANES, UK biobank, and a meta-analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Estimating the predictability of questionable open-access journals” by h. zhuang et al.. SCIADV, 11(35), eaeb8642. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of Fig. 3 in the Research Article “Estimating the predictability of questionable open-access journals” by H. Zhuang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeb8642}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eaeb8642}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Estimating the predictability of questionable open-access journals” by h. zhuang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How to fight election misinformation. SCIADV, 11(35), eaeb0116. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Novel factual information can help safeguard the perceptions of election integrity in democracies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Natália S. Bueno}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeb0116}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eaeb0116}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How to fight election misinformation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Capturing carbon monoxide—Accessing bis(boryl)ketones through direct B–B bond carbonylation. SCIADV, 11(35), eadz3520. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbon monoxide (CO) readily attacks the B–B bonds of the cyclic tetra(amino)tetraborane B 4 (NCy 2 ) 4 [cyclohexyl (Cy)], which led to insertion and ring expansion, creating tetraboron analogs of cyclopentanone and cyclohexane-1,3-dione. These intriguing molecules are rare instances of stable CO diborylation products that were made accessible by direct CO capture. While the monocarbonyl product shows remarkable thermal stability, the dicarbonyl product rearranges into a bicyclic tetraborylethylene structure under thermal stress. Combined analytical and theoretical efforts clearly highlight the unique electronic, spectroscopic, and structural characteristics of these carbonyl compounds. The cyclopentanone analog engages in stepwise one- and two-electron reduction processes to yield radical monoanion and dianion species while preserving the five-membered ring structure and the boron-boron bonds. Together, these boron heterocycles expand the limited class of stable boryl ketones containing direct boron-carbonyl carbon bonds, thus offering valuable opportunities for exploring the fundamental chemistry and synthetic applications of this functionality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eva Beck and Ivo Krummenacher and Thomas Kupfer and Maximilian Dietz and Holger Braunschweig}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz3520}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadz3520}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Capturing carbon monoxide—Accessing bis(boryl)ketones through direct B–B bond carbonylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Realizing precise ion separation in polyamide nanofiltration membranes via stage control reactions. SCIADV, 11(35), eady9938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes face a trade-off phenomenon between ion selectivity and permeability due to the structural constraints of single monomers during interfacial polymerization (IP). Inspired by homogeneous precipitation, we decouple disorderly competitive reactions of comonomers through using in situ–generated H + during ultrafast IP processes as equilibrium-shifting inducers for the enamine reaction, thereby regulating the reaction sequence and relative amount of primary/secondary amine monomers. Combining the structural advantage of polyethyleneimine and piperazine monomers, the separation layer had a large free volume, high-density homogeneity, well-tuned nanopores, and tailored charge distribution. The staged-regulated membrane exhibited high water permeance and could even adapt to ion separation in ultrahigh-salt solutions (Mg/Li = 50, 20,000 parts per million), with a notable Mg 2+ /Li + selectivity improvement of more than 1600% over that of the control, directly mixed dual aqueous monomer-prepared membrane. This stage control strategy for precise nanofiltration membrane synthesis can provide extensive flexibility in modulating the IP process for application-specific membrane structure design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuhao Chen and Tengfang Zhang and Zixi Kang and Xu Jiang and Guanghui Hong and Q. Jason Niu and Wenguang Wang and Lu Shao and Baosheng Ge and Haixiang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady9938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady9938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Realizing precise ion separation in polyamide nanofiltration membranes via stage control reactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human endogenous retrovirus k (HERV-k) envelope structures in pre- and postfusion by cryo-EM. SCIADV, 11(35), eady8168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient infections that comprise ~8% of the human genome. The HERV-K envelope glycoprotein (Env) is aberrantly expressed in cancers, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, and is targeted by patients’ own antibodies. However, a lack of structural information has limited molecular and immunological studies of the roles of HERVs in disease. Here, we present cryo–electron microscopy structures of stabilized HERV-K Env in the prefusion conformation, revealing a distinct fold and architecture compared to HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus. We also generated and characterized a panel of monoclonal antibodies with subunit and conformational specificity, serving as valuable research tools. These antibodies enabled structure determination of the postfusion conformation of HERV-K Env, including its unique “tether” helix, and antibody-bound prefusion Env. Together, these results provide a structural framework that opens the door to mechanistic studies of HERV-K Env and tools for its evaluation as a potential therapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeremy Shek and Chen Sun and Elise M. Wilson and Fatemeh Moadab and Kathryn M. Hastie and Roshan R. Rajamanickam and Patrick J. Penalosa and Stephanie S. Harkins and Diptiben Parekh and Chitra Hariharan and Dawid S. Zyla and Cassandra Yu and Kelly C. L. Shaffer and Victoria I. Lewis and Ruben Diaz Avalos and Tomas Mustelin and Erica Ollmann Saphire}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady8168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human endogenous retrovirus k (HERV-k) envelope structures in pre- and postfusion by cryo-EM}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Smarter biopsy decisions in thyroid nodules via dual-modal photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging. SCIADV, 11(35), eady6173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thyroid nodules are primarily diagnosed using ultrasound imaging (USI), but its low specificity leads to unnecessary fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs). In particular, USI’s limited ability to differentiate follicular neoplasms from benign nodules contributes to suboptimal biopsy decision-making. We propose a dual-modal imaging approach that combines multiparametric photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and USI to support smarter biopsy decisions. In 106 patients with 29 benign nodules, 45 papillary thyroid carcinomas, and 32 follicular neoplasms, three PAI-derived parameters—the photoacoustic spectral gradient, oxygen saturation, and skewness of the oxygen saturation distribution—were combined using a support vector machine. Following USI-based American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, they were used to develop the ATA-Photoacoustic (ATAP) scoring system. The ATAP score achieved 97% sensitivity and 38% specificity in distinguishing nodules requiring FNAB. Our approach enabled better identification of benign nodules, reducing unnecessary FNAB in 11 of the 29 benign cases. This dual-modal strategy can assess thyroid nodules, effectively reducing unnecessary biopsies while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junho Ahn and Jaekyung Lee and Kwangsoon Kim and Ja Seong Bae and Chan Kwon Jung and Minseong Kim and Wonseok Choi and Byullee Park and Dong-Jun Lim and Chulhong Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady6173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady6173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Smarter biopsy decisions in thyroid nodules via dual-modal photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrating CO2 electroreduction with phenol hydrogenation on an oxygen-affinity tailored catalyst. SCIADV, 11(35), eady4981. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction (ECR) to formic acid faces challenges in separating and purifying a formate-electrolyte mixture. In situ utilization of this mixture presents a promising yet underexplored solution. Here, we report the synthesis of Bi x Pd 1− x Te nanocrystals (NCs) via a microwave-assisted cation topological exchange approach, enabling the precise tuning of surface oxygen affinities to simultaneously optimize the ECR and catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of phenol. Optimized Bi 0.1 Pd 0.9 Te NCs achieve a 92% formate Faradaic efficiency at −0.9 volts versus reversible hydrogen electrode and a production rate of 860 millimoles per hour per gram of catalyst at 100 milliamperes per square centimeter. This formate-electrolyte mixture serves as an effective hydrogen donor, enabling 98% selectivity toward cyclohexanone in phenol hydrogenation. Mechanistic studies show uniformly dispersed Bi sites create an oxygen affinity gradient, enhancing *OCHO adsorption for formate production and promoting noncoplanar phenol adsorption for selective cyclohexanone formation. This work pioneers synergistic ECR-CTH integration, establishing an innovative CO 2 valorization and biomass upgrading strategy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiyong Yu and Qing Yao and Wei An and Hangjun Xu and Jiaqi Su and Juan Wang and Ying Zhang and Huile Jin and Yonggang Feng and Xiaoqing Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4981}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady4981}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrating CO2 electroreduction with phenol hydrogenation on an oxygen-affinity tailored catalyst}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Declines of ebony and ivory are inextricably linked in an african rainforest. SCIADV, 11(35), eady4392. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Critically endangered African forest elephants preferentially eat fruits and disperse seeds of carbon-dense trees, including the highly valued and threatened African ebony. The illegal ivory trade has led to severe declines in elephant populations, but the long-term impacts on tree species are poorly understood. Using a comprehensive dataset including age-class, spatial, genetic, and experimental data, across a hunting pressure gradient, we show how paired declines in elephant and ebony populations are linked by a previously unrecognized mutualism in which elephant dung protects ebony seeds against seed predators. Disruption of this mutualism by poaching exacerbates seed predation by herbivores and was associated with a 68% reduction in small sapling recruitment. This threat to the survival of a valuable and iconic tree species raises concerns about the far-reaching consequences of forest elephant extermination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vincent Deblauwe and Matthew Scott Luskin and Serge Désiré Assola and Olivier J. Hardy and Simon Jansen and Céline Loubières and Gaston Guy Mempong and Jean Mathurin Ntsihe and Gilbert Oum Ndjock and Eric Rostand Onguene Kwecheu and Luke L. Powell and Bonaventure Sonké and Thomas B. Smith}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4392}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady4392}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Declines of ebony and ivory are inextricably linked in an african rainforest}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broad-spectrum synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) inhibit viral entry across multiple virus families. SCIADV, 11(35), eady3554. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viral pandemics continue to threaten global health and economic stability. Despite medical advances, the absence of broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAs) prevents rapid responses to emerging viral threats. This is largely due to the lack of universal drug targets across diverse viral families and high variability among viral proteins. In this study, we evaluated 57 synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) for antiviral activity in cellulo using pseudotyped virus particles (PVPs) from six high-risk viruses across three families: Paramyxoviridae, Filoviridae, and Coronaviridae. Four SCRs inhibited all tested PVPs, and their efficacy was confirmed against live viruses including SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, EBOV, MARV, NiV, and HeV. Notably, SCR005 and SCR007 , which exhibited minimal toxicity, significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection in a severe animal model with a single dose. Mechanistic studies suggested that SCRs bind viral envelope N-glycans, blocking viral attachment and/or fusion. These results identify conserved viral N-glycans as promising BSA targets and establish SCRs as candidate prophylactic agents against enveloped viruses with pandemic potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shahrzad Ezzatpour and Khushabu Thakur and Kenneth Erzoah Ndede and David W. Buchholz and Annette Choi and Brian Imbiakha and Jordan Carter and David Onofrei and Brett Eaton and Elena Postnikova and Michael Murphy and Beicer C. Tapia and Diana Bello and Siddharth Pasari and Anthony Russo and Matthew Babayev and Gregory P. Holland and Michael R. Holbrook and Sara L. Caddy and Steven J. Moran and Seyed Mohammad Davachi and Isaac Abrrey Monreal and Julie Sahler and Victoria Ortega and Jose M. Miranda and Gary R. Whittaker and Mason C. Jager and Seema K. Bhagwat and Pradeep Chopra and Geert Jan-Boons and Mateusz Marianski and Adam B. Braunschweig and Hector C. Aguilar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3554}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady3554}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broad-spectrum synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) inhibit viral entry across multiple virus families}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic control of nonlinear emission by exciton-photon coupling in WS2 metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(35), eady2108. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transition metal dichalcogenides are promising quantum materials because of unique exciton-photon interactions. These interactions can be enhanced by coupling with resonant photonic structures, especially in the nonlinear light emission processes like second-harmonic generation (SHG). However, excitonic absorption may dampen SHG. Here, we demonstrate tunable SHG enhancement using virtual coupling effects between quasi-bound state in the continuum (qBIC) optical resonances and tunable excitons in high-index WS 2 metasurfaces with crescent meta-atoms. These metasurfaces promote a magnetic-type qBIC resonance, enabling control over nonlinear optical processes in the visible spectrum. The used qBIC resonance at half the exciton energy increases SHG efficiency by 98-fold compared to monolayer WS 2 and by four orders of magnitude relative to an unpatterned WS 2 film. The enhancement is tunable with temperature and incident light polarization, allowing the dynamic control of virtual coupling and SHG efficiency, thereby paving the way for next-generation reconfigurable metaoptics devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mudassar Nauman and Domenico de Ceglia and Jingshi Yan and Lujun Huang and Mohsen Rahmani and Costantino De Angelis and Andrey E. Miroshnichenko and Yuerui Lu and Dragomir Neshev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2108}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady2108}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic control of nonlinear emission by exciton-photon coupling in WS2 metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Putative PINK1/Parkin activators lower the threshold for mitophagy by sensitizing cells to mitochondrial stress. SCIADV, 11(35), eady0240. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The PINK1/Parkin pathway targets damaged mitochondria for degradation via mitophagy. Genetic evidence implicates impaired mitophagy in Parkinson’s disease, making its pharmacological enhancement a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we characterize two mitophagy activators: a novel Parkin activator, FB231, and the reported PINK1 activator MTK458. Both compounds lower the threshold for mitochondrial toxins to induce PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. However, global proteomics revealed that FB231 and MTK458 independently induce mild mitochondrial stress, resulting in impaired mitochondrial function and activation of the integrated stress response, effects that result from PINK1/Parkin-independent off-target activities. We find that these compounds impair mitochondria by distinct mechanisms and synergistically decrease mitochondrial function and cell viability in combination with classical mitochondrial toxins. Our findings support a model whereby weak or “silent” mitochondrial toxins potentiate other mitochondrial stressors, enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. These insights highlight important considerations for therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy activation in Parkinson’s disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William M. Rosencrans and Ryan W. Lee and Logan McGraw and Ian Horsburgh and Ting-Yu Wang and Baiyi Quan and Diana Huynh and Jennifer A. Johnston and David C. Chan and Tsui-Fen Chou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0240}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eady0240}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Putative PINK1/Parkin activators lower the threshold for mitophagy by sensitizing cells to mitochondrial stress}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amyloid-β oligomers, curvilinear and annular assemblies, imaged by cryo-ET, cryo-EM, and AFM. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx9030. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prefibrillar structures of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide are central to cytotoxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Time-resolved imaging of oligomers has enabled quantification of their extension. A snapshot of these prefibrillar assemblies has been characterized using a combination of cryo–electron tomography (cryo-ET), cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) single-particle analysis, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A highly consistent diameter for all curvilinear protofibrils and oligomers of 2.8 nanometers suggests that these assemblies are structural extensions from the smaller oligomers. In situ AFM confirms that spherical oligomers template and extend over time into curvilinear protofibrils. Furthermore, their basic cross section suggests that amyloid fibrils might be initiated by the lateral binding of two curvilinear protofibrils. Cryo-ET/EM single particles also reveal ring-shaped annular assemblies. These have a central internal channel, ~1.4 nanometers in diameter, which is capable of traversing lipid membranes. Large conductance recorded using patch-clamp electrophysiology matches the internal diameter of the Aβ annular architecture.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruina Liang and Anum Khursheed and Bogachan Tahirbegi and Andrea P. Torres-Flores and Shang Qi and Yao Tian and Hui Zhang and Piotr Szwedziak and Vladimir A. Volkov and Vidya C. Darbari and John H. Viles}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9030}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx9030}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amyloid-β oligomers, curvilinear and annular assemblies, imaged by cryo-ET, cryo-EM, and AFM}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatially patterned stiffness variation in a light-triggered jumper for symmetry breaking and high snap-through efficiency. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx8301. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The nonlinear strain response of soft material–based snap-through systems enables amplified and accelerated force output. However, efficiency of snap-through energy release is challenging to improve because of the inherent trade-off between initial curvature and stiffness. Here, spatial programming of stiffness variation in the azobenzene-functionalized liquid-crystalline polymer (Azo-LCP) addresses this limitation and achieves efficient photomechanical jumping. Introduction of stiffness mismatch induced localized curvature, which preserved the initial curvature and simultaneously enhanced photomechanical strain responsivity. By programming for symmetry of stiffness variation, we achieved directional or vertical jumping via strategic placement of the rigid region, with corresponding stress accumulation behaviors corroborated by finite element simulations. Integration of patterned stiffness variation with geometric asymmetry enabled both vertical and horizontal jumping within a single structure, without compromising performance. This dual-mode jumper also demonstrated sequential and consecutive jumps under continuous light exposure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Jeong Hahm and Woongbi Cho and Jisoo Jeon and Hak-Rin Kim and Teng Zhang and Jeong Jae Wie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8301}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx8301}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatially patterned stiffness variation in a light-triggered jumper for symmetry breaking and high snap-through efficiency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robust bilinear rotations. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx7094. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bilinear rotation elements allow interaction-dependent manipulations of spins in quantum technologies and, particularly, in spectroscopy. We used bilinear rotation in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and derived several ways of introducing robustness into the filter element. We distinguished two performance levels: the coupling dependent inversion of polarization and the full bilinear π-rotation capability. In addition, all four essential variants of bilinear π rotations—BIRD d , BIRD r , BIRD d , X , and BIRD r , X filters—were given for all cases studied. In the first step, adiabatic CHIRP-type and BUBI/BUBU pulses lead to improved robustness with respect to offset/detuning effects and variations in B 1 -field strengths. In the second step, we optimized time-optimal coupling–compensated BIRD elements. Together with correspondingly optimized pulse shapes, we established fully coupling, offset, and B 1 -compensated bilinear π-rotation (COB-BIRD) elements and characterized them in theory and experiment. Overall, this demonstrated the use of the robust bilinear rotation capability on a partially aligned sample in a homodecoupled two-dimensional NMR experiment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yannik T. Woordes and Tony Reinsperger and Sebastian Ehni and Burkhard Luy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7094}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx7094}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robust bilinear rotations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A nut-and-bolt assembly of the bimodular large progenitor botulinum neurotoxin complex. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx5831. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) is naturally produced by bacteria along with four nontoxic neurotoxin-associated proteins (NTNH, HA70, HA33, and HA17), forming a bimodular large progenitor toxin complex (L-PTC). The BoNT/A–NTNH complex protects the toxin from adverse environment, while the complex consisting of HA proteins facilitates toxin absorption during oral intoxication. How these two independent modules assemble into the L-PTC remains unclear. Here, we report the crystal structure of the BoNT/A–NTNH–HA70 complex at ~2.9-Å resolution. The structure reveals that the BoNT/A–NTNH complex is anchored into a concentric double β-barrel channel of trimeric HA70 through a short β-hairpin of NTNH (termed nLoop), resembling a nut-and-bolt attachment. We find that the nLoop of NTNH is strictly conserved across HA-containing BoNT complexes and that NTNH–HA70 binding is interchangeable among them. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the nLoop functions as a minimal motif enabling attachment of a protein-of-interest to the HA complex, with potential applications in oral biologics delivery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kwok-ho Lam and Linfeng Gao and Adina Przykopanski and Baohua Chen and Ting Huang and Maren Krüger and Anna-Magdalena Bartels and Martin Bernhard Dorner and Kay Perry and Brigitte Gertrud Dorner and Andreas Rummel and Rongsheng Jin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5831}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx5831}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A nut-and-bolt assembly of the bimodular large progenitor botulinum neurotoxin complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure of the complete 14-subunit botulinum neurotoxin b complex reveals a unique anchoring through the narrow central pore of HA70. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx5058. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Botulinum neurotoxin serotype B1 (BoNT/B) is a highly potent neurotoxin and therapeutic agent. Here, we present the structure of the complete 14-subunit (780 kDa) progenitor toxin complex (L-PTC) and of five subcomplexes. The structures show how the toxin interacts with its associated components in their role to protect and deliver BoNT/B across epithelial barriers. Each subcomplex, including the M-PTC, M-PTC–HA70, NTNH-HA70, and HA70 trimer, provides detailed understanding of the assembly mechanism, in which the NTNH-nLoop adopts a unique fold that locks the M-PTC into a central pore formed by HA70. The HA subcomplex presents a tripod architecture with flexible legs that may adapt to the rugged cell surface. Mass photometry reveals the pH dependence of BoNT/B release from the complex which is unexpectedly influenced by the presence of HA70. This study provides the complete L-PTC structure, offering insights into its assemblage and supporting the development of countermeasures and therapeutic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ajda Krč and Sara Persson Košenina and Maria B. Nowakowska and Geoffrey Masuyer and Pål Stenmark}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5058}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx5058}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure of the complete 14-subunit botulinum neurotoxin b complex reveals a unique anchoring through the narrow central pore of HA70}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Giant coercivity and enhanced intrinsic anomalous hall effect at vanishing magnetization in a compensated kagome ferrimagnet. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx4671. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferrimagnets that can be driven to magnetic compensation show promise for use in spintronics as they exhibit a finite anomalous Hall effect at zero magnetic field without having a substantial magnetic moment. Compensated ferrimagnet spintronic devices with both a large anomalous Hall effect and a high coercivity would be simultaneously easy to read and difficult to erase. The kagome ferrimagnet TbMn 6 Sn 6 has been reported to host a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect. Here, we demonstrate that doping the Mn sites with Cr drives the system toward magnetic compensation. For nearly compensated compositions at low temperatures, giant coercive fields exceeding 14 T are observed. Additionally, Cr doping markedly enhances the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect, which can be attributed to a shift in the Fermi level. Our results extend the range of unique magnetic states observed in kagome materials, demonstrating that chemical doping is an effective strategy to tune and realize these states.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonathan M. DeStefano and Elliott Rosenberg and Guodong Ren and Yongbin Lee and Zhenhua Ning and Olivia Peek and Kamal Harrison and Saiful I. Khondaker and Liqin Ke and Igor I. Mazin and Juan Carlos Idrobo and Jiun-Haw Chu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4671}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx4671}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Giant coercivity and enhanced intrinsic anomalous hall effect at vanishing magnetization in a compensated kagome ferrimagnet}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PhoCoil: A photodegradable and injectable single-component recombinant protein hydrogel for minimally invasive delivery and degradation. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx3472. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hydrogel biomaterials offer great promise for three-dimensional cell culture and therapeutic delivery. Despite many successes, challenges persist in that gels formed from natural proteins are only marginally tunable whereas those derived from synthetic polymers lack intrinsic bioinstructivity. Toward the creation of biomaterials with both excellent biocompatibility and customizability, recombinant protein–based hydrogels have emerged as molecularly defined and user-programmable platforms that mimic the proteinaceous nature of the extracellular matrix. Here, we introduce PhoCoil, a dynamically tunable recombinant hydrogel formed from a single protein component with unique multistimuli responsiveness. Physical cross-linking through coiled-coil interactions promotes rapid shear-thinning and self-healing behavior, rendering the gel injectable, whereas an included photodegradable motif affords on-demand network dissolution via visible light. PhoCoil gel photodegradation can be spatiotemporally and lithographically controlled in a dose-dependent manner, through complex tissue, and without harm to encapsulated cells. We anticipate that PhoCoil will further enable applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicole E. Gregorio and Fan Zhang and Yusuke Suita and Lisa S. Ang and Olivia Prado and Arafat Fasuyi and James M. Olson and Kelly R. Stevens and Cole A. DeForest}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3472}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx3472}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PhoCoil: A photodegradable and injectable single-component recombinant protein hydrogel for minimally invasive delivery and degradation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanistic adaptation of the metazoan RabGEFs mon1-ccz1 and fuzzy-inturned. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx2893. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rab GTPases organize intracellular trafficking and provide identity to organelles. Their spatiotemporal activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) is tightly controlled to ensure fidelity. Our structural and functional comparison of the tri-longin domain RabGEFs Mon1-Ccz1 and Fuzzy-Inturned reveals the molecular basis for their target specificity. Both complexes rely on a conserved sequence motif of their substrate GTPases for the catalytic mechanism, while secondary interactions allow discrimination between targets. We also find that dimeric Mon1-Ccz1 from fungi and the metazoan homologs with the additional third subunit RMC1/Bulli bind membranes through electrostatic interactions via distinct interfaces. Protein-lipid interaction studies and functional characterization in flies reveal an essential function of RMC1/Bulli as mediator of GEF complex membrane recruitment. In the case of Fuzzy-Inturned, reconstitution experiments demonstrate that the BAR (Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs) domain protein CiBAR1 can support membrane recruitment of the GEF. Collectively, our study demonstrates the molecular basis for the adaptation of TLD-RabGEFs to different cellular functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephan Wilmes and Jesse Tönjes and Maik Drechsler and Anita Ruf and Jan-Hannes Schäfer and Anna Lürick and Dovile Januliene and Steven Apelt and Daniele Di Iorio and Seraphine V. Wegner and Martin Loose and Arne Moeller and Achim Paululat and Daniel Kümmel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2893}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx2893}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanistic adaptation of the metazoan RabGEFs mon1-ccz1 and fuzzy-inturned}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). European supercell thunderstorms—A prevalent current threat and an increasing future hazard. SCIADV, 11(35), eadx0513. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Supercell thunderstorms are the most hazardous thunderstorm category and particularly impactful to society. Their monitoring is challenging and often confined to the radar networks of single countries. By exploiting kilometer-scale climate simulations, we have derived a previously unknown characterization of supercell occurrence in Europe for the current and a warmer climate. The current climate shows several hundred supercells per convective season. Occurrence peaks are colocated with complex topography, e.g., the Alps. The absolute frequency maximum lies along the southern Alps and minima over the oceans and flat areas. Comparing a current-climate simulation with a pseudo–global warming +3°C global warming scenario, the future climate simulation shows an average increase of supercell occurrence by 11%. However, there is a spatial dipole of change with strong increases in supercell frequencies in central and eastern Europe and a decrease in frequency over the Iberian Peninsula and southwestern France.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Monika Feldmann and Michael Blanc and Killian P. Brennan and Iris Thurnherr and Patricio Velasquez and Olivia Martius and Christoph Schär}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0513}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadx0513}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {European supercell thunderstorms—A prevalent current threat and an increasing future hazard}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial ROS drive foam cell formation via STAT5 signaling in atherosclerosis. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw9952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Macrophage-to-foam cell transition is an integral part of atherosclerotic plaque progression. Particularly, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a driving factor in foam cell formation, altering macrophage function and metabolism. The aim of our research was to understand the impact of oxLDL-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species on macrophage-to-foam cell differentiation. We demonstrate that macrophage oxLDL-derived superoxide modulates mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming, facilitating foam cell formation. Mechanistically, mitochondrial superoxide drives signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) activation, leading to reduced tricarboxylic acid cycle activity. In parallel, mitochondrial superoxide enhances chromatin accessibility at STAT5 target genes, establishing a distinct STAT5 signaling signature in foam cells ex vivo and in human and mouse plaques in vivo. Inhibition of STAT5 during atherosclerosis progression prevents the differentiation of macrophages to mature Trem2 hi Gpnmb hi foam cells. Collectively, our data describe an oxLDL-induced, mitochondrial superoxide–dependent STAT5 activation that leads to a self-amplifying feedback loop of reciprocal mitochondrial superoxide production and STAT5 activation, ultimately driving macrophage-to-foam cell transition.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura Boccuni and Frieda Marka and Manuel Salzmann and Alessia Schirripa and Elisabeth Ableitner and Magdalena Siller and Mira Brekalo and Patrick Haider and Stefan Stojkovic and Christoph Neumayer and Tiit Örd and Karoline Kollmann and Alice Assinger and Thomas Decker and Thomas Köcher and Michael B. Fischer and Marion Mußbacher and Andreas Bergthaler and Christian Hengstenberg and Bruno K. Podesser and Minna U. Kaikkonen and Johann Wojta and Philipp J. Hohensinner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw9952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial ROS drive foam cell formation via STAT5 signaling in atherosclerosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The rayleigh-taylor instability in a binary quantum fluid. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw9752. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Instabilities, where small fluctuations seed the formation of large-scale structures, govern dynamics in a variety of fluid systems. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI), present from tabletop to astronomical scales, is an iconic example characterized by mushroom-shaped incursions appearing when immiscible fluids are forced together. Despite its ubiquity, RTI experiments are challenging; here, we report the observation of the RTI in an immiscible binary superfluid consisting of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate. We force these components together to initiate the instability, and observe the growth of mushroom-like structures. The interface can also be stabilized, allowing us to spectroscopically measure the “ripplon” interface modes. Last, we use matter-wave interferometry to transform the superfluid velocity field at the interface into a vortex chain. These results—in agreement with our theory—demonstrate the close connection between the RTI in classical and quantum fluids.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanda Geng and Junheng Tao and Mingshu Zhao and Shouvik Mukherjee and Stephen P. Eckel and Gretchen K. Campbell and Ian B. Spielman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9752}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw9752}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The rayleigh-taylor instability in a binary quantum fluid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elucidating tissue and subcellular specificity of the entire SUMO network reveals how stress responses are fine-tuned in a eukaryote. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw9153. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {SUMOylation is essential in plant and animal cells, but it remains unknown how small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) components act in concert to modify specific targets in response to environmental stresses. In this study, we characterize every SUMO component in the Arabidopsis root to create a complete SUMO Cell Atlas in eukaryotes. This unique resource reveals wide spatial variation, where SUMO proteins and proteases have subfunctionalized in both their expression and subcellular localization. During stress, SUMO conjugation is mainly driven by tissue-specific regulation of the SUMO E2-conjugating enzyme. Stress-specific modulation of the SUMO pathway reveals unique combinations of proteases being targeted for regulation in distinct root tissues by salt, osmotic, and biotic signals. Our SUMO Cell Atlas resources reveal how this posttranslational modification (PTM) influences cellular- and tissue-scale adaptations during root development and stress responses. To our knowledge, we provide the first comprehensive study elucidating how multiple stress inputs can regulate an entire PTM system.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jason Banda and Shraboni Ghosh and Dipan Roy and Kishor D. Ingole and Lisa Clark and Eshan Sharma and Sumesh Kakkunath and Kawinnat Sue-Ob and Rahul Bhosale and Leah Band and Srayan Ghosh and Darren Wells and Jonathan Atkinson and Nicholas J. Provart and Malcolm J. Bennett and Kathryn S. Lilley and Andrew Jones and Miguel De Lucas and Anthony Bishopp and Ari Sadanandom}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9153}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw9153}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elucidating tissue and subcellular specificity of the entire SUMO network reveals how stress responses are fine-tuned in a eukaryote}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nitrogen status exerts dynamic control over phosphorus sensing and acquisition via PSR1 in colimited marine diatoms. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw8260. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nutrient availability controls phytoplankton growth in aquatic ecosystems globally. Phytoplankton frequently experience a limiting supply of multiple nutrients simultaneously (colimitation). Ocean warming is predicted to exacerbate marine nutrient limitation. Yet, how phytoplankton adapt their physiology and regulate responses to colimitation is poorly understood. Here, we show that when the crucial macronutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) colimit growth of globally abundant phytoplankton, the diatoms, cellular resources are diverted to prioritize N uptake over P sensing and acquisition. Regulatory mechanisms for responding to fluctuating P supply, including Phosphate Starvation Response 1 (PSR1) and P-resupply sensing via Ca 2+ signaling, are strictly nitrate dependent. Further, P-Ca 2+ signaling is impaired in psr1 mutants, suggesting that PSR1 is necessary for this response and coordinates adaptations to colimitation. Our study demonstrates a hierarchy of resource allocation during colimitation that points to N starvation mechanisms overriding those of P and could lead to N-P colimitation being masked in many marine ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ellen Harrison and Yasmin Meeda and Trupti Gaikwad and Glen Wheeler and Katherine Helliwell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8260}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw8260}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nitrogen status exerts dynamic control over phosphorus sensing and acquisition via PSR1 in colimited marine diatoms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Architectural transcription factors collectively shape nuclear radial positioning of chromatin contacts. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw8040. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The measurement of three-dimensional genome folding in the nucleus, mostly through Hi-C methods, is expressed as contact frequencies between genomic segments, without anchoring to physical axes of the spherical nucleus. Here, we mapped the chromatin contacts along nuclear radial axis and built radial score by factoring in contact frequencies. The chromatin high-order structures exhibit rich diversity along radial axis. Furthermore, the proximal trans contacts retrieved by radial score reveal conserved active/inactive chromatin segregation across intra- and interchromosomal interactions. Ablation of CTCF proteins disrupts chromatin loops with mild changes to chromatin radial positioning. By acutely perturbing multiple transcription factor (TF) occupancy, chromatin loop dissolutions are often accompanied by radial dissociations between two anchors. Our work provides a genome architecture reference map adhering to nuclear physical axis and suggests that multiple architectural TFs collectively shape nuclear positioning of chromatin and their contacts, with contacts serving as forces on chromatin positioning as well.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Juan Bai and Hanhan Wei and Siling Hu and Yi Guo and Qifan Zhang and Xiaokun Liu and Chenhuan Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8040}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw8040}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Architectural transcription factors collectively shape nuclear radial positioning of chromatin contacts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bacteria induce an amoeboid phase in coccolithophores that persists after bloom collapse. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw7280. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coccolithophores, including bloom-forming species, Gephyrocapsa huxleyi (formerly Emiliania huxleyi ), contribute ~1 to 10% of phytoplankton biomass and are critical for oceanic biogeochemical cycles. G. huxleyi is a model system for investigating algal-bacterial-viral interactions and responses to environmental changes and follows a biphasic lifecycle with motile haploid and nonmotile diploid phases. Here, we report a third, “amoeboid” phase: Light and electron microscopy revealed haploid cells rapidly transitioning to an elongated amoeboid cell with reduced motility. Metamorphosis was triggered by exposure to bacteria isolated from G. huxleyi mesocosm blooms, but not by classical phytoplankton stressors including viral infection. The amoeboid phase persisted beyond the collapse of the haploid population and was only observed in the bloom-forming coccolithophore species G. huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica under conditions reminiscent of late-stage algal blooms. These findings highlight a previously uncharacterized life phase in this ubiquitous phytoplankton and suggest a bacteria-resilient morphotype following algal bloom collapse.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sophie T. Zweifel and Richard J. Henshaw and Oliver Müller and Johannes M. Keegstra and Samuel G. V. Charlton and Roberto Pioli and Clara Martínez-Pérez and Uria Alcolombri and Estelle Clerc and Roman Stocker}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7280}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw7280}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bacteria induce an amoeboid phase in coccolithophores that persists after bloom collapse}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 3D printed anisotropic tissue simulants with embedded fluid capsules for medical simulation and training. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw6446. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human tissues are primarily composed of collagen and elastin fiber networks that exhibit directional mechanical properties that are not replicable by conventional tissue simulants manufactured via casting. Here, we 3D print tissue simulants that incorporate anisotropic mechanical properties through the manipulation of infill voxel shape and dimensions. A mathematical model for predicting the anisotropy of single- and multimaterial structures with orthogonal infill patterns is developed. We apply this methodology to generate conformal printing toolpaths for replicating the structure and directional mechanics observed in native tissue within 3D printed tissue simulants. Further, a method to embed fluid-filled capsules within the infill structure of these tissue simulants to mimic blood is also presented. The improvements in simulation quality when using 3D printed anisotropic tissue simulants over conventional tissue simulants are demonstrated via a comparative acceptability study. These advances open avenues for the manufacture of next-generation tissue simulants with high mechanical fidelity for enhanced medical simulation and training.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adarsh Somayaji and Matthew S. Lawler and Alex T. Gong and Zachary J. Fuenning and Victoria A. Roach and Athira B. S. and David J. Traina and Jason R. Speich and Ruikang K. Wang and Matthew G. Hackett and David M. Hananel and Robert M. Sweet and Michael C. McAlpine}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6446}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw6446}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {3D printed anisotropic tissue simulants with embedded fluid capsules for medical simulation and training}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intravenous AAV9-ATP7A plus subcutaneous copper histidinate optimizes outcomes in a lethal menkes disease mouse model. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw5612. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Menkes disease is an X-linked recessive condition characterized by seizures, failure to thrive, and rapid, progressive neurodegeneration beginning within weeks after birth. Death usually occurs by 3 years of age. The disorder is caused by genetic variants in ATP7A , an evolutionarily conserved copper transporter that is crucial for normal brain development. The mottled-brindled mouse recapitulates salient features of the human illness. Affected male mice typically die by 14 postnatal days. We evaluated a single-dose intravenous adeno-associated virus gene therapy approach to deliver working copies of a codon-optimized version of ATP7A to male mottled-brindled mice. In conjunction with subcutaneous injections of clinical-grade copper histidinate in the first month of life, 95% long-term survival was attained, which was correlated with improvements in serum and brain copper levels, brain neurochemical profiles, somatic growth, and neuromotor function. The notable results support a trial of this treatment combination in affected male newborns with Menkes disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lalitha Venkataraman and Christopher J. Jeanty and Tarun Kaniganti and Benjamin J. Kennedy and Patricia Sullivan and David S. Goldstein and Stephen G. Kaler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5612}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw5612}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intravenous AAV9-ATP7A plus subcutaneous copper histidinate optimizes outcomes in a lethal menkes disease mouse model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lubiprostone in chronic kidney disease: Insights into mitochondrial function and polyamines from a randomized phase 2 clinical trial. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw3934. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threatening condition, and constipation is a progressive risk factor. We evaluated changes in uremic toxins, renal function, and the safety of lubiprostone, a selective chloride channel activator, in patients with CKD. In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across nine centers in Japan, 150 patients with stage IIIb–IV CKD received lubiprostone (8 or 16 micrograms) or placebo for 24 weeks. The primary end point was change in indoxyl sulfate levels. Secondary end points included other uremic toxins and renal function markers. Lubiprostone did not alter uremic toxin levels but improved or preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate and its slope in the 16-microgram group. Mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal events occurred in the placebo and 16-microgram groups. Multiomics analysis revealed that lubiprostone modulated the gut microbial agmatine pathway and increased spermidine levels, thereby improving renal mitochondrial function. Lubiprostone is a previously unknown and safe therapeutic option to mitigate renal decline in CKD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shun Watanabe and Masaaki Nakayama and Takashi Yokoo and Satoru Sanada and Yoshifumi Ubara and Atsushi Komatsuda and Katsuhiko Asanuma and Yusuke Suzuki and Tsuneo Konta and Junichiro J. Kazama and Takehiro Suzuki and Shinji Fukuda and Tomoyoshi Soga and Takuji Yamada and Sayaka Mizutani and Mitsuharu Matsumoto and Yuji Naito and Kensei Taguchi and Kei Fukami and Hitomi Kashiwagi and Koichi Kikuchi and Chitose Suzuki and Hidetaka Tokuno and Marina Urasato and Ryota Kujirai and Yotaro Matsumoto and Yasutoshi Akiyama and Yoshihisa Tomioka and Shun Itai and Yoshiyasu Tongu and Eikan Mishima and Chiharu Kawabe and Tomoko Kasahara and Yoshiaki Ogata and Takafumi Toyohara and Takeya Sato and Tetsuhiro Tanaka and Takaaki Abe and LUBI-CKD TRIAL Investigators}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3934}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw3934}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lubiprostone in chronic kidney disease: Insights into mitochondrial function and polyamines from a randomized phase 2 clinical trial}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). X-ray phase measurements by time-energy correlated photon pairs. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw3893. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The resolution of a measurement system is fundamentally constrained by the wavelength of the used wave packet and the numerical aperture of the optical system. Overcoming these limits requires advanced interferometric techniques exploiting quantum correlations. While quantum interferometry can surpass the Heisenberg limit, it has been confined to the optical domain. Extending it to x-rays enables sub-angstrom spatial and zeptosecond temporal resolution, unlocking atomic-scale processes inaccessible to existing methods. Here, we demonstrate x-ray quantum interferometry using 17.5–kilo–electron volt ( λ = 70 picometers) photon pairs. Our approach introduces a phase measurement technique with exceptional noise resilience, mitigating the impact of mechanical instabilities, vibrations, and photonic noise—key challenges in x-ray interferometry. By generating and using entangled x-ray photons, we lay the foundation for next-generation techniques with unprecedented phase precision. This breakthrough carries far-reaching consequences for fundamental physics, high-resolution imaging, and spectroscopy, bringing to light quantum optical effects never before accessed in the x-ray regime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yishai Klein and Edward Strizhevsky and Haim Aknin and Moshe Deutsch and Eliahu Cohen and Avi Pe’er and Kenji Tamasaku and Tobias Schulli and Ebrahim Karimi and Sharon Shwartz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3893}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw3893}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {X-ray phase measurements by time-energy correlated photon pairs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-resolution liquid metal–based stretchable electronics enabled by colloidal self-assembly and microtransfer printing. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw3044. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Liquid metal–based stretchable electronics offer high electrical performance and seamless integration with deformable systems but face challenges in achieving scalable, high-resolution patterning. In this work, we present a method for micropatterning liquid metal particle (LMP) films with feature sizes as small as 5 micrometers by integrating electrostatically enabled colloidal self-assembly and microtransfer printing. The resulting cold-welded LMP micropatterns exhibit exceptional electromechanical properties, high conductivity (2.4 × 10 6 siemens per meter), stretchability (more than 1200%), and strain- and pressure-insensitive resistance, owing to their multiscale and dynamic morphologies. Demonstrations in highly stretchable strain sensors and cardiac mapping devices highlight the capabilities of this method for creating high-performance, highly stretchable electronic systems. Notably, balloon catheter–integrated LMP microelectrode arrays show low impedance under extreme deformations and enable high-resolution endocardial electrogram mapping inside the human heart. This method expands the potential of liquid metal–based stretchable electronics for a wide range of applications, including implantable biomedical devices and soft robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuan Li and Eric Rytkin and Qinai Zhao and Pavan Bhat and Anna Pfenniger and Liting Yin and Xinghao Huang and Liheng Yang and Bohan Yang and Amy Burrell and Aleksei Mikhailov and Rishi Arora and Igor R. Efimov and Hangbo Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3044}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw3044}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-resolution liquid metal–based stretchable electronics enabled by colloidal self-assembly and microtransfer printing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). STAT3 haploinsufficiency is associated with autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw2464. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency, which originates from heterozygous missense mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 ( STAT3 ) gene. It is accepted that most STAT3 variants causing AD-HIES are dominant negative. Whether haploinsufficient mutations cause a phenotype in humans is still debated. We report on a family with a heterozygous STAT3 nonsense mutation that led to rapid decay of the mutant mRNA and protein, leading to haploinsufficiency. To explore STAT3 heterozygosity, we created a Stat3 haploinsufficient ( Stat3 +/− ) mouse model in which we found that Stat3 +/− mice had increased IgE serum levels, reduced T H 17 cell differentiation, and were susceptible to a cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection. Together, our findings provide mechanistic evidence for the impact of haploinsufficiency in STAT3 with residual protein expression as an important cause for immune deficiency. The implications extend to the diagnosis of immunodeficiency disorders and to the design of gene therapy in situations where gene dosage matters.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Virginia Andreani and Aaron James Forde and Manfred Fliegauf and Giulia Bressan and Vera Noé and Nils Ott and Shiva Saghafi and Larsen Vornholz and Sophie E. Isay and Jürgen Ruland and Philipp Henneke and Bodo Grimbacher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2464}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw2464}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {STAT3 haploinsufficiency is associated with autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioinspired adaptive response speed for high-quality human-robot interactions. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw2253. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In human-robot interaction (HRI), the quality of user experience is paramount. Thus, developing strategies to tailor robotic responsiveness to user comfort zone is essential. However, current methods remain constrained by complex software and limited to unidirectional speed enhancement. Inspired by the adaptive pathways of biological brain, this study introduces a photochromic diarylethene–doped organic floating-gate field-effect transistor (OFGFET) capable of bidirectional response speed control. Mechanism investigations revealed that a light-controllable back charge transfer process facilitates dynamic speed adjustments. Notably, the OFGFET device potentially enables effective regulation of response speeds to enhance user comfort while maintaining efficient and detailed movie playback. This work establishes a distinctive paradigm in HRI, offering unprecedented adaptability that could transform user experience design across diverse interactive technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zijuan He and Haigen Xiong and Qijie Lin and Song Wang and Fengjiao Zhang and Yinghui Han and Hao Chen and Hui Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2253}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw2253}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioinspired adaptive response speed for high-quality human-robot interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-confidence reconstruction for laplace inversion in NMR based on uncertainty-informed deep learning. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw1379. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Laplace-related techniques in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), including both standalone Laplace NMR and combined Laplace-Fourier NMR, provide detailed insights into molecular dynamics and spin interactions through the measurement of relaxation and diffusion parameters, offering complementary chemical resolution to Fourier NMR. Spectrum reconstruction with accurate diffusion coefficients or relaxation time is essential for the Laplace-related NMR experiments, but existing processing methods generally yield varying results because of the ill-posed nature of inverse Laplace transform, making it challenging to assess the accuracy and reliability of estimations without ideal references. To address this, we developed a deep learning–based method that not only recovers parameter distributions from exponential signals with improved accuracy but also provides an uncertainty estimation for each reconstruction result. This additional insight allows the user to assess the confidence across spectral regions, providing a clearer and more reliable framework for Laplace-related data interpretation, thus facilitating broader applications in fields such as chemistry and materials science.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Chen and Yuebin Zhang and Lina Wang and Zhe Zhan and Xun Guan and Zhuoran Rong and Yinping Cui and Enping Lin and Shuohui Cao and Yuqing Huang and Yu Yang and Zhong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1379}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw1379}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-confidence reconstruction for laplace inversion in NMR based on uncertainty-informed deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ACTN3 genotype influences androgen response in developing murine skeletal muscle. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw1059. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Androgens act through androgen receptor (AR) to maintain muscle mass. Evidence suggests that this pathway is influenced by “the gene for speed,” ACTN3 (α-actinin-3). Given that one in five people lack α-actinin-3, it is possible that they may respond to androgens differently. Here, we show that α-actinin-3 deficiency decreases AR in muscles of mice and humans (in males and females) and that AR positively correlates with α-actinin-3 expression in a dosage-dependent manner. α-Actinin-3 deficiency exacerbates gastrocnemius mass loss with androgen deprivation in male mice and stunts the muscle growth response to dihydrotestosterone in female mice at the onset of puberty. This is mediated by differential activation of pathways regulating amino acid metabolism, intracellular transport, autophagy, mitochondrial activity, MAPK, and calcineurin signaling, likely driven by seven key genes that are both androgen sensitive and α-actinin-3–dependent in expression. Our results highlight a role for ACTN3 as a regulator of muscle mass and a genetic modifier of androgen action in skeletal muscle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kelly N. Roeszler and Michael See and Lyra R. Meehan and Giscard Lima and Alexander Kolliari-Turner and Sarah E. Alexander and Shanie Landen and Harrison D. Wood and Chrystal F. Tiong and Weiyi Chen and Tomris Mustafa and Peter J. Houweling and Nir Eynon and Severine Lamon and Yannis Pitsiladis and David J. Handelsman and Fernando J. Rossello and Mirana Ramialison and Kathryn N. North and Jane T. Seto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1059}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw1059}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ACTN3 genotype influences androgen response in developing murine skeletal muscle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Excitotoxic neuronal death requires superoxide entry into neurons through volume-regulated anion channels. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw0424. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neuronal death in stroke and other conditions stems in part from stimulation of N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA)–type glutamate receptors. This induces neuronal production of both nitric oxide and superoxide, which together induce oxidative cell injury. Nitric oxide can readily cross lipid membranes, but superoxide, being an anion, cannot. Using primary neuronal cultures, we show that superoxide enters neurons through volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs). Oxidative injury produced by either exogenous superoxide or NMDA receptor stimulation is prevented by the VRAC inhibitor [4-(2-butyl-6,7-dichlor-2-cyclopentylindan-1-on-5-yl)oxybutyric acid] (DCPIB) and by disruption of the essential VRAC subunit, leucine-rich repeat–containing 8A (LRRC8A). In mouse cortex, neuronal oxidative injury induced by either NMDA or transient ischemia is likewise blocked by both DCPIB and LRRC8A disruption. Selective expression of LRRC8A/C and LRRC8A/D but not LRRC8A/D subunits conferred superoxide conductance in HeLa cells. Superoxide entry through VRACs is thus a requisite step in excitotoxic neuronal injury, and interventions affecting VRAC subunit composition, localization, or opening could influence neuronal survival.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kate Harris and Seok Joon Won and Gokhan Uruk and Nguyen Mai and Devran Ogut and Yonghui Zhao and Litao Xie and Paul Baxter and Katharina Everaerts and Rajan Sah and Raymond A. Swanson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0424}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw0424}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Excitotoxic neuronal death requires superoxide entry into neurons through volume-regulated anion channels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shoreline wave breaking strongly enhances the coastal sea spray aerosol population: Climate and air quality implications. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw0343. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sea spray aerosol (SSA) emission is a major source of atmospheric aerosols, influencing global climate and coastal air quality. Much of our knowledge about SSA derives from coastal observations near shorelines, but whether and when these observations accurately represent open oceans remain unclear. Here, we show that strong nearshore SSA production during high-wave periods greatly enhances downwind cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and aerosol mass concentrations. Strong shoreline wave breaking is widespread globally, and swell waves, which are decoupled from local winds, play a dominant role in many coastal regions. Therefore, extrapolating results based on coastal measurements to open oceans may significantly overestimate SSA concentration and its contribution to CCN and, by extension, the impact of SSA on clouds and climate. Additionally, the strong enhancement of coastal aerosol population by shoreline wave breaking and its environmental impact on coastal communities cannot be captured by current regional models, which do not parameterize nearshore SSA generation using wave energy or completely neglect it.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shengqian Zhou and Matthew Salter and Timothy Bertram and Eduardo Brito Azevedo and Francisco Reis and Jian Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0343}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw0343}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shoreline wave breaking strongly enhances the coastal sea spray aerosol population: Climate and air quality implications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cytoskeletal control in adult microglia is essential to restore neurodevelopmental synaptic and cognitive deficits. SCIADV, 11(35), eadw0128. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synaptic dysfunction is a hallmark of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), often linked to genes involved in cytoskeletal regulation. While the role of these genes has been extensively studied in neurons, microglial functions such as phagocytosis are also dependent on cytoskeletal dynamics. We demonstrate that disturbance of actin cytoskeletal regulation in microglia, modeled by genetically impairing the scaffold protein Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), which integrates actin-binding proteins, causes a shift in actin regulatory balance favoring filopodial versus lamellipodial actin organization. The resulting microglia-specific dysregulation of actin dynamics leads to excessive uptake of synaptic proteins. Genetically engineered DISC1-deficient mice show diminished hippocampal excitatory transmission and associated spatial memory deficits. Reintroducing wild-type microglia-like cells via bone marrow transplantation in adult DISC1-deficient mice restores the synaptic function of neurons and rescues cognitive performance. These findings reveal a pivotal role for microglial actin cytoskeletal remodeling in preserving synaptic integrity and cognitive health. Targeting microglial cytoskeletal dynamics may effectively address cognitive impairments associated with NDDs, even in adulthood.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sofie Kessels and Chloë Trippaers and Melanie Mertens and Ibrahim Hamad and Ben Rombaut and Art Janssen and Keerthana Ramanathan and Sam Duwé and Adelaïde M. Gharghani and Rune Theuwis and Amber Delbroek and Tim Vangansewinkel and Lisa Berden and Jolien Beeken and Patrick Vandormael and Suresh Poovathingal and Thomas Voets and Markus Kleinewietfeld and Laurent Nguyen and Jack P. Antel and Luke M. Healy and Sally A. Cowley and Koko Ishizuka and Jean-Michel Rigo and Jelle Hendrix and Tim Vanmierlo and Ilse Dewachter and Yeranddy A. Alpizar and Akira Sawa and Bert Brône}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0128}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadw0128}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cytoskeletal control in adult microglia is essential to restore neurodevelopmental synaptic and cognitive deficits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cells prioritize the regulation of cell mass density. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv9759. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A cell’s global physical state is characterized by its volume and dry mass. The ratio of cell mass to volume defines the cell mass density (CMD), which is also a measure of macromolecular crowding and concentrations of all proteins. Using the fluorescence eXclusion method (FXm) and quantitative phase microscopy (QPM), we investigate CMD dynamics following sudden changes in media osmolarity. We find that while cell volume and mass exhibit complex behavior after osmotic shock, CMD follows a straightforward monotonic recovery over 48 hours. This recovery is cell cycle independent and depends on coordinated adjustment of protein synthesis and volume growth rates. Unexpectedly, the protein synthesis rate decreases when CMD increases. We observe that nucleoplasm-cytoplasm transport is CMD dependent, which contributes to negative regulatory feedback on CMD. The Na + /H + exchanger helps regulate CMD by affecting both protein synthesis and volume change. Together, we reveal that cells have a robust control system that actively regulates CMD during environmental change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinyu Fu and Qin Ni and Yufei Wu and Anoushka Gupta and Zhuoxu Ge and Hongru Yang and Yasin Afrida and Ishan Barman and Sean X. Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9759}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv9759}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cells prioritize the regulation of cell mass density}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial and temporal heterogeneity foster high fish biodiversity in an amazonian floodplain. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv9672. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The high biodiversity of tropical ecosystems was one of the earliest ecological patterns to be reported, but the ecological processes that maintain this diversity remain unresolved. Here, we revisit Pianka’s 1966 hypothesis that spatial heterogeneity contributes to tropical biodiversity. Using a comprehensive survey of a fish community in a central Amazonian floodplain, conducted over the 2003, 2012, and 2022 hydrological cycles, we ask if the high levels of environmental heterogeneity (both temporal and spatial) that characterize this ecosystem constrain the capacity of species to dominate local assemblages. We find rapid replacement of dominant species, with local species richness inversely related to dominance. Marked turnover in fish community structure and composition is also present, with different functional groups favored under changing environmental conditions. By showing that turnover in dominant species fuels species coexistence, we identify an ecological mechanism that helps explain how environmental heterogeneity can foster tropical biodiversity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anne E. Magurran and Alexandre Pucci Hercos and Faye Moyes and Jonas Alves de Oliveira and Carolina Gomes Sarmento and Diego Matheus de Mello Mendes and Flávia Alessandra da Silva Nonato and Jomara Cavalcante de Oliveira and Danielle Pedrociane Cavalcante Rossato and Túlio Bernardo Caxias de Oliveira and Jade Beatriz Alves da Silva and Yana Karine da Silva Coelho and Tatiana Martins Vieira and Raphael Aquino Heleodoro and Peter A. Henderson and Helder Lima de Queiroz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9672}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv9672}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial and temporal heterogeneity foster high fish biodiversity in an amazonian floodplain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DKC1-mediated pseudouridylation of rRNA targets hnRNP a1 to sustain IRES-dependent translation and ATF4-driven metabolic adaptation. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv9401. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The pseudouridine synthase DKC1 regulates internal ribosome entry site (IRES)–dependent translation and is up-regulated in cancers by the MYC family of oncogenes. The functional significance of DKC1 up-regulation and the mechanistic connection between pseudouridylation and IRES-mediated translation remain poorly understood. Here, we report that DKC1 drives an ATF4-mediated transcriptional program that supports amino acid metabolism and stress adaptation. We identify hnRNP A1, an IRES trans-acting factor, as a critical downstream mediator of DKC1 in sustaining ATF4 expression and IRES-dependent translation. Mechanistically, DKC1-mediated pseudouridylation at two specific 28 S ribosomal RNA sites is crucial for maintaining hnRNP A1 protein expression. In turn, hnRNP A1 binds and stabilizes ATF4 messenger RNA, preferentially promoting IRES-dependent translation of ATF4 variant 1. Furthermore, cellular stress induces hnRNP A1, which is necessary for stress-induced ATF4 protein expression. Collectively, our findings uncover an MYC-driven DKC1-hnRNP A1 axis that links IRES-dependent translation and ATF4-mediated metabolic adaptation, thereby supporting cancer cell survival under metabolic stress during tumor progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anamika Gupta and Mohit Bansal and Jane Ding and Suman Karki and Madhuparna Pandit and Sunil Sudarshan and Han-Fei Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9401}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv9401}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DKC1-mediated pseudouridylation of rRNA targets hnRNP a1 to sustain IRES-dependent translation and ATF4-driven metabolic adaptation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). BioFuse: A programmable timer switch of gene expression. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv7892. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current gene circuits designed to time gene expression depend on the intricate interactions among various regulators and their targets, which confines them to a limited range of temporal tunability. Here, we report a programmable timer switch of gene expression termed BioFuse, which allows the reaction time ranging from hours to days. BioFuse comprises a series of fuse-like tandem DNA cassettes that can be sequentially edited by the adenine base editors (ABEs), resulting in either the activation or deactivation of a downstream gene once the editing is complete. Adjusting the number of DNA cassettes incorporated allows precise programming of BioFuse’s reaction time. Applying BioFuse to control carotenoid biosynthesis genes decouples lycopene production from growth in E. coli and increases lycopene yield without external inducers. Using BioFuse in a bacterial autolysis system enables timely and efficient protein release. BioFuse offers a versatile tool for precise, wide-range timing of gene expression and metabolic activities in bacteria, with potential applications in industry and biomedicine.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cheng Huang and Jie Zhao and Zichun Tan and Shang Dai and Binqiang Wang and Zhenming Xie and Furong Zhang and Yulong Zhou and Ning Yu and Chunhui Cai and Yonghua Yao and Baojun Wang and Bing Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7892}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv7892}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {BioFuse: A programmable timer switch of gene expression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrated behavioral and metabolically flexible responses of wild orangutans to ecologically driven dietary variation. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv7613. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Diet and nutrition are critical factors influencing energetics and health. Laboratory studies show that organisms adjust to changes in nutrient intake through flexible metabolic responses such as fuel switching. While the physiological effects of nutrient balance in humans have been studied, data from closely related species living in nature are lacking. We integrate macronutrient regulation and metabolic flexibility to elucidate how wild orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii ) are buffered against natural fluctuations in nutritional resources. We found that these orangutans regulate protein and regularly switch between exogenous and endogenous nutritional substrates as preferred food resource availability declines. When total caloric, lipid, and carbohydrate intake declined during episodes of fruit scarcity, orangutans drew on fat and endogenous amino acids for energy. This strategy is beneficial only in the context of alternating periods of fruit scarcity and abundance. We discuss our findings in relation to the current global obesity pandemic, which has arisen with transitions in human diets toward low-cost, energy-dense, protein-dilute foods.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erin R. Vogel and Shauhin E. Alavi and Malcolm Watford and Rebecca S.A. Brittain and Brooke E. Crowley and Daniel J. Naumenko and William D. Aguado and Timothy D. Bransford and Astri Zulfa and Alysse Moldawer and Wartika Rosa Farida and Maria A. van Noordwijk and Tatang Mitra Setia and Sri Suci Utami Atmoko and Jessica M. Rothman and David Raubenheimer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7613}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv7613}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrated behavioral and metabolically flexible responses of wild orangutans to ecologically driven dietary variation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Patterns of genetic admixture reveal similar rates of borrowing across diverse scenarios of language contact. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv7521. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {When speakers of different languages are in contact, they often borrow features like sounds, words, or syntactic patterns from one language to the other. However, the lack of historical data has hampered estimation of this effect at a global scale. We overcome this hurdle by using genetic admixture and shared geohistorical location as a proxy for population contact. We find that language pairs whose speaker populations underwent genetic admixture or that are located in the same geohistorical area exhibit notable similar increases in shared linguistic patterns across world regions and different demographic relationships, suggesting a consistent trend in borrowing rates. At the same time, the effect varies strongly across specific linguistic features. This variation is only partly explained by cognitive differences in lifelong learnability and by social functions of signaling assimilation through borrowing, leaving much randomness in which specific features are borrowed. Additionally, we find that, for some features, admixture decreases sharing, likely reflecting signals of divergence (schismogenesis) under contact.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anna Graff and Damián E. Blasi and Erik J. Ringen and Vladimir Bajić and Daphné Bavelier and Kentaro K. Shimizu and Brigitte Pakendorf and Chiara Barbieri and Balthasar Bickel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7521}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv7521}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Patterns of genetic admixture reveal similar rates of borrowing across diverse scenarios of language contact}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Voice identity invariance by anterior temporal lobe neurons. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv7033. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The ability to recognize speakers by their voice despite acoustical variation plays a substantial role in primate social interactions. Although neurons in the macaque anterior temporal lobe (ATL) show invariance to face viewpoint, whether they also encode abstract representations of caller identity is not known. Here, we demonstrate that neurons in the voice-selective ATL of two macaques support invariant voice identity representations through dynamic population-level coding. These representations minimize neural distances across different vocalizations from the same individual while preserving distinct trajectories for different callers. This structure emerged from the coordinated activity of the broader neuronal ensemble, although a small subset of highly identity-selective neurons carried high identity information. Our findings provide a neural basis for voice identity recognition in primates and highlight the ATL as a key hub for integrating perceptual voice features into higher-level identity representations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Margherita Giamundo and Régis Trapeau and Etienne Thoret and Luc Renaud and Thomas Brochier and Pascal Belin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7033}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv7033}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Voice identity invariance by anterior temporal lobe neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Radiotranscriptomics in papillary thyroid carcinoma complement current noninvasive risk stratification system. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv6697. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally has a favorable prognosis; however, overtreatment persists because of the lack of reliable noninvasive risk stratification tools. This study developed a radiomics-based approach to enhance the preoperative assessment of PTC. Imaging features from 255 patients were analyzed, and three tumor clusters were identified via unsupervised clustering, with one cluster (Cluster 2) displaying favorable clinical and molecular profiles. A radiomics score was constructed and validated internally and externally, achieving high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve of 0.98) and independently predicting benign features such as a lower N stage and favorable treatment responses. Transcriptomic analysis revealed immune activation and survival-related gene expression in Cluster 2. The model demonstrated robust performance in stratifying patients for active surveillance and may complement current diagnostic frameworks, offering a precise, noninvasive tool to guide clinical decision-making.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong Hyun Seo and Eunjung Lee and Jung Hyun Yoon and Eun Gyeong Park and Sunmi Park and Hwa Young Lee and Joon Ho and Cho Rok Lee and Kyunghwa Han and Jandee Lee and Jin Young Kwak and Young Suk Jo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6697}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv6697}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Radiotranscriptomics in papillary thyroid carcinoma complement current noninvasive risk stratification system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An overbend strategy to manyfold enhance the designed elastic bendability of flexible electronics. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv6631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elastic bendability is crucial for flexible electronics to achieve conformal contact and enable widespread applications. However, reducing the thickness of the structure is almost the only strategy to enhance the elastic bendability of inorganic flexible electronics. This study proposes an overbend strategy, whose operation is beyond the designed elasticity of the fabricated structure. Mechanical theories, finite element analysis, and experiments verified that, with multilayer stacks and interconnects with various geometric designs as examples, the overbend strategy can enhance the designed elastic bendability to twice for the material of the ideal elastoplastic/kinematic hardening constitutive relationship and to more than twice for the mixed hardening/isotropic hardening constitutive relationship. The mechanism is extending the elastic strain range at the critical section to twice or more times the original value by the evolution of the elastoplastic constitutive relationship. Notably, the overbend strategy is virtually costless, combinative with other strategies and widely applicable for inorganic flexible electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Wang and Qinlan Li and Lijuan Sun and Xiaolei Wu and Yewang Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv6631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An overbend strategy to manyfold enhance the designed elastic bendability of flexible electronics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sequential effects in reaching reveal efficient coding in motor planning. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv6572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The nervous system uses prior information to enhance movement accuracy, yet the underlying computational mechanisms remain relatively unclear. Prevailing motor control models emphasize Bayesian inference, where prior information is integrated to optimally estimate the current state. An alternative framework, efficient coding, proposes that the system dynamically reallocates encoding resources on the basis of environmental statistics—a mechanism highlighted in perception while underappreciated in motor control. We compared these frameworks in reaching movements, focusing on how the system leverages short-term priors in unpredictable environments. Unexpectedly, sequential effects aligned with the efficient coding model and contradicted Bayesian models. Specifically, current movements were biased in the opposite direction of previous movements, and movement variability decreased when successive reaches were similar. We further explored the temporal dynamics of these effects and showed that sequential bias is enhanced by intrinsic motor variability. These findings, accompanied by model comparisons, further support efficient coding in motor planning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianhe Wang and Yifan Fang and David Whitney}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv6572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sequential effects in reaching reveal efficient coding in motor planning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Annotation-free discovery of disease-relevant cells in single-cell datasets. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv5019. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In single-cell datasets, patient labels indicating disease status (e.g., “sick” or “not sick”) are typically available, but individual cell labels indicating which of a patient’s cells are associated with their disease state are generally unknown. To address this, we introduce mixture modeling for multiple-instance learning (MMIL), an expectation-maximization approach that trains cell-level binary classifiers using only patient-level labels. Applied to primary samples from patients with acute leukemia, MMIL accurately separates leukemia from nonleukemia baseline cells, including rare minimal residual disease (MRD) cells; generalizes across tissues and treatment time points; and identifies biologically relevant features with accuracy approaching that of a hematopathologist. MMIL can also incorporate cell labels when they are available, creating a robust framework for leveraging both labeled and unlabeled cells. MMIL provides a flexible modeling framework for cell classification, especially in scenarios with unknown gold-standard cell labels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erin Craig and Timothy J. Keyes and Jolanda Sarno and Jeremy P. D’Silva and Pablo Domizi and Maxim Zaslavsky and Albert Tsai and David Glass and Garry P. Nolan and Trevor Hastie and Robert Tibshirani and Kara L. Davis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5019}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv5019}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Annotation-free discovery of disease-relevant cells in single-cell datasets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prebunking and credible source corrections increase election credibility: Evidence from the US and brazil. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv3758. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We investigate how to counter misinformation about voter and election fraud using data from the US and Brazil. Our study first compares two types of messages countering claims of widespread fraud: (i) retrospective corrections from credible sources speaking against interest and (ii) prebunking messages that prospectively warn of false claims about future elections and provide information about election security practices. In the US, each approach immediately increased election confidence and reduced fraud beliefs, with prebunking showing somewhat more durable effects. In Brazil, prebunking had positive immediate effects across measured outcomes, whereas those of the credible source corrections were less consistent. We then conducted an experiment in the US randomizing exposure to a persuasion forewarning before election security information is provided. Prebunking again increased confidence and decreased fraud beliefs but only when the forewarning was omitted, suggesting that novel factual information is responsible for the observed effects of the prebunking treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {John M. Carey and Brian Fogarty and Marília Gehrke and Brendan Nyhan and Jason Reifler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3758}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv3758}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prebunking and credible source corrections increase election credibility: Evidence from the US and brazil}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pathogenic variants in MAEA disrupt DNA replication fork stability and are associated with developmental abnormalities in humans. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv0381. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Replication stress (RS) poses a threat to genome stability and drives genomic rearrangements. The homologous recombination (HR) pathway repairs stalled replication forks (RFs) and prevents such instability. Through an E3 ubiquitin ligase screen aimed at identifying regulators of RAD51, we identified macrophage erythroblast attacher (MAEA), a core component of C-terminal to Lish (CTLH) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, as a regulator of the HR pathway. Loss of MAEA impairs RAD51 recruitment at stalled RFs, leading to increased sensitivity to RS-inducing agents and excessive degradation of nascent DNA strands. Mechanistically, MAEA associates with and mediates the ubiquitylation of Ku80, enabling its removal from RF ends and facilitating the loading of RAD51. Notably, MAEA deficiency is associated with a developmental disorder involving microcephaly, craniofacial abnormalities, ocular defects, and heart malformations. Functional assays show that disease-linked MAEA variants (R34C, E349G, Y394D, and M396R) are defective in RS response. These findings establish MAEA as an essential factor in RF protection and genome integrity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elham Zeinali and Fatemeh Mashayekhi and Rabih Abou Farraj and Talah Hasanni and Marie-Christine Caron and Yan Coulombe and Amira Fitieh and J. N. Mark Glover and Jean-Yves Masson and Ismail Hassan Ismail}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0381}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv0381}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pathogenic variants in MAEA disrupt DNA replication fork stability and are associated with developmental abnormalities in humans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrostatic-driven dehydration of ions in nanoporous membranes. SCIADV, 11(35), eadv0174. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Surface charge critically affects ion-selective membrane performance, particularly in separating ions with similar size and charge, the key challenge in water treatment. Herein, we investigate the permeation of alkali chlorides (LiCl, KCl, and CsCl) through steric hindrance–free nanoporous membranes with tunable surface charge densities. Supported by molecular dynamics simulations, we confirm that electrostatic effects promote the dehydration of Cl − , the counterions to the membrane charge, at the positively charged membrane surface. This dehydration leads to a great tendency of Cl − to absorb to the membrane surface and be retained, compromises Cl − partitioning, and impedes salt cotransport. For negatively charged membranes, Cs + with its lower hydration energy undergoes greater electrostatic-driven dehydration and partition hindrance than K + , resulting in selective KCl transport. Our findings provide both theoretical and experimental proofs of ionic dehydration and transport impediments driven by electrostatic interactions at charged membrane surfaces, presenting an in-depth perspective for designing ion-selective membranes to separate similar ions based on charge effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kairui Liu and Razi Epsztein and Shihong Lin and Lie Liu and Jiuhui Qu and Meng Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0174}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadv0174}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrostatic-driven dehydration of ions in nanoporous membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Highly selective aldehyde coupling on the heterointerface of molybdenum selenide and graphdiyne. SCIADV, 11(35), eadu9264. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The highly negative reduction potential prevents the selective coupling of two aldehydes to construct C─C bonds and hinders the formation of ketyl radicals. However, this important comprehensive issue remains unsolved. Here, we report the efficient activation of aldehydes by the in situ growth of a molybdenum selenide-graphdiyne heterointerface structure, allowing an aldehyde molecule to be selectively coupled with another aldehyde at room temperature and ambient pressure. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) images reveal the formation of high-density active sites at the interface structure. The synchrotron x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results confirmed the selective formation of ketyl radicals. The noninteger charge transfer between graphdiyne and metal atoms promotes the continuous selectivity and efficient activation of aldehydes and C─C coupling of ketyl radicals. The ultrahigh selectivity of 2-furaldehyde for hydrofurion reached 92 ± 2%, while the turnover frequency reached 57 ± 4 per second.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siao Chen and Yurui Xue and Yang Gao and Han Wu and Xuchen Zheng and Yuliang Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9264}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadu9264}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Highly selective aldehyde coupling on the heterointerface of molybdenum selenide and graphdiyne}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Glutamate utilization fuels rapid production of mitochondrial ROS in dendritic cells and drives systemic inflammation during tularemia. SCIADV, 11(35), eadu6271. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dendritic cells (DCs) hijacked by intracellular bacteria contribute to pathogen dissemination and immunopathology. How bacteria achieve DC subversion remains largely unknown. Here, we describe the mechanism used by tularemia agent Francisella tularensis exploiting host mitochondrial anaplerosis. Shortly after internalization, Francisella associates with DC mitochondria, which leads to the rapid repurposing of their oxidative metabolism for production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Mitochondrial metabolic rewiring is orchestrated by the intramitochondrial signaling mediated by protein acetylation and involves switching to glutamate as the primary substrate for DC tricarboxylic acid cycle. Rather than killing the bacterium, glutamate-fueled mtROS production activates p38-dependent proinflammatory gene expression. Blocking of glutamate utilization prevents DC activation and bacterial dissemination and alleviates inflammation in vivo. Our findings underscore the importance of metabolic plasticity in antibacterial DC response and open up potential avenues for therapies targeting host metabolism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ivo Fabrik and Petra Spidlova and Lukas Prchal and Daniela Fabrikova and Ina Viduka and Valentina Marecic and Vlada Filimonenko and Radek Sleha and Marie Vajrychova and Rudolf Kupcik and Ondrej Soukup and Tomas Rousar and Anetta Härtlova and Marina Santic and Jiri Stulik}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6271}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadu6271}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Glutamate utilization fuels rapid production of mitochondrial ROS in dendritic cells and drives systemic inflammation during tularemia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Notch signaling blockade links transcriptome heterogeneity in quiescent neural stem cells with reactivation routes and potential. SCIADV, 11(35), eadu3189. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the vertebrate brain, neural stem cell (NSC) quiescence is necessary for stemness maintenance. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) in the zebrafish adult telencephalon, we identified different molecular clusters of quiescent NSCs, interpreted to sign different quiescence depths. Here, we show that these clusters, when challenged in vivo with an inhibitor of Notch signaling, a major quiescence promoting pathway, unfold different behaviors. Notably, deeply quiescent NSCs with astrocytic features display a unique activation phenotype that combines the maintenance of astrocytic markers with the rapid up-regulation of activation and neuronal commitment genes, reminiscent to murine periventricular astrocytes activating upon lesion. In contrast, an NSC cluster predicted to be in the deepest quiescence state resists Notch blockade, and we demonstrate that the transcription factor Nr2f1b mediates this resistance to activation in vivo. These results together link the molecular heterogeneity of quiescent NSCs with bona fide biological properties and their molecular regulators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {David Morizet and Isabelle Foucher and Ilona Mignerey and Alessandro Alunni and Laure Bally-Cuif}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3189}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadu3189}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Notch signaling blockade links transcriptome heterogeneity in quiescent neural stem cells with reactivation routes and potential}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gut-brain nexus: Mapping multimodal links to neurodegeneration at biobank scale. SCIADV, 11(35), eadu2937. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. We conducted a biobank-scale study to (i) identify endocrine, nutritional, metabolic, and digestive disorders with potential causal or temporal associations with AD/PD risk before diagnosis; (ii) assess plasma biomarkers’ specificity for AD/PD in the context of co-occurring gut related traits and disorders; and (iii) integrate multimodal datasets to enhance AD/PD prediction. Our findings show that several disorders were associated with increased AD/PD risk before diagnosis, with variation in the strength and timing of associations across conditions. Polygenic risk scores reveal lower genetic predisposition for AD/PD in individuals with co-occurring disorders. Moreover, the proteomic profile of AD/PD cases was influenced by comorbid gut-brain axis disorders. Last, our multimodal prediction models outperform single-modality paradigms in disease classification. This endeavor illuminates the interplay between factors involved in the gut-brain axis and the development of AD/PD, opening avenues for therapeutic targeting and early diagnosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mohammad Shafieinouri and Samantha Hong and Paul Suhwan Lee and Spencer M. Grant and Marzieh Khani and Anant Dadu and Artur F. Schumacher Schuh and Mary B. Makarious and Rodrigo Sandon and Emily Simmonds and Hirotaka Iwaki and Gracelyn Hill and Cornelis Blauwendraat and Valentina Escott-Price and Yue A. Qi and Alastair J. Noyce and Armando Reyes-Palomares and Hampton L. Leonard and Malu Tansey and Faraz Faghri and Andrew B. Singleton and Mike A. Nalls and Kristin S. Levine and Sara Bandres-Ciga}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2937}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadu2937}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gut-brain nexus: Mapping multimodal links to neurodegeneration at biobank scale}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuropeptide dynamics coordinate layered plasticity mechanisms adapting drosophila circadian behavior to changing environment. SCIADV, 11(35), eadt7168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Drosophila brain contains distinct circadian oscillators responsible for generating the morning and evening bouts of locomotor activity in light-dark cycles. We lack a mechanistic understanding of how environmental changes reshape the resulting bimodal rest-activity pattern. Here, we uncover a seasonal switch mechanism that remodels the evening bout of activity. Under temperate summer-like conditions, levels of the pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) neuropeptide diminish, triggering a cascade. Lowered PDF receptor (PDFR) signaling disinhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3/SHAGGY to advance the evening output, and in parallel, weakens the siesta-promoting vc DN1p-SIF amide axis to expand the evening peak. Under these conditions, vc DN1p takes over the evening pacemaker role by exerting control over the dorsal lateral oscillator neurons. Our findings elucidate how environment-induced changes in PDFR signaling tip the balanced output of the clock network, aligning daily rhythms with seasonal time. Neuropeptide-driven parallel adjustment of clock circuitry and clock protein functioning likely represents a conserved strategy, enabling animals to adapt their daily behavior to seasonal changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abhishek Chatterjee and Joydeep De and Béatrice Martin and Elisabeth Chélot and Ping Zhong and François Rouyer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadt7168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuropeptide dynamics coordinate layered plasticity mechanisms adapting drosophila circadian behavior to changing environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massive losses and gains of northern land carbon stocks since the last glacial maximum. SCIADV, 11(35), eadt6231. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The dynamics of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations during and following the last deglaciation have mainly been ascribed to carbon release from and uptake in oceans, primarily in the Southern Ocean. But recent studies also point toward a terrestrial influence. We quantify dynamic changes to northern terrestrial carbon stocks from the Last Glacial Maximum (21,000 years) until present at millennial time steps using a combination of paleo-data and climate-biome modeling. During the deglaciation, northern land carbon storage declined by >300 petagrams of carbon with a minimum around 11,000 years, followed by progressively higher land carbon stocks during the Holocene. We find evidence that dynamic changes in terrestrial land carbon stocks were of a scale to exert large influence on atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and that postglacial terrestrial carbon stock dynamics were dominated by losses from permafrost-affected loess and gains into peatlands.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amelie Lindgren and Peter Kuhry and Max Holloway and Zhengyao Lu and George Tanski and Gustaf Hugelius}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6231}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadt6231}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massive losses and gains of northern land carbon stocks since the last glacial maximum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Estimating the predictability of questionable open-access journals. SCIADV, 11(35), eadt2792. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Questionable journals threaten global research integrity, yet manual vetting can be slow and inflexible. Here, we explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to systematically identify such venues by analyzing website design, content, and publication metadata. Evaluated against extensive human-annotated datasets, our method achieves practical accuracy and uncovers previously overlooked indicators of journal legitimacy. By adjusting the decision threshold, our method can prioritize either comprehensive screening or precise, low-noise identification. At a balanced threshold, we flag over 1000 suspect journals, which collectively publish hundreds of thousands of articles, receive millions of citations, acknowledge funding from major agencies, and attract authors from developing countries. Error analysis reveals challenges involving discontinued titles, book series misclassified as journals, and small society outlets with limited online presence, which are issues addressable with improved data quality. Our findings demonstrate AI’s potential for scalable integrity checks, while also highlighting the need to pair automated triage with expert review.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Han Zhuang and Lizhen Liang and Daniel E. Acuna}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2792}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadt2792}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Estimating the predictability of questionable open-access journals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetically actuated multimaterial fiberbot for precise minimally invasive knee laser surgery. SCIADV, 11(35), eadt1809. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional methods, such as open and arthroscopy-assisted surgery, still encounter challenges in terms of tool flexibility when addressing knee diseases in patients. Robotics has enhanced the precision and efficiency of numerous surgical procedures. However, there is still a lack of minimally invasive surgical tools capable of flexibly resecting knee lesions. Here, we present a flexible fiberbot that integrates steerable midinfrared laser ablation and active navigation functions. The fiberbot features an internal multicore structure for midinfrared laser delivery and an external magnetic elastomer, allowing precise control under an applied magnetic field. The fiberbot was demonstrated to perform precise navigation and steering in a constrained spherical model and an isolated pig knee joint. Moreover, the fiberbot was further demonstrated in steerable laser ablation for leg bones of rats in vivo. Given its compact design, safer actuation, and quicker manipulation, our fiberbot is expected to pave a promising avenue for future knee surgery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuqi Zou and Yu Liu and Yang Li and Lvyun Yang and Yang Liu and Kaidong He and Yuanzhuo Xiang and Jingyu Ouyang and Pan Li and Jun Liang and Ning Zhou and Huaping Zang and Nan Ruan and Peng Li and Mi Xiao and Xiang Lu and Ruilin Zheng and Lili Hu and Guangming Tao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1809}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadt1809}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetically actuated multimaterial fiberbot for precise minimally invasive knee laser surgery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phase separation in lead-saponified drying oils: Implications for historical painting techniques and paint stability. SCIADV, 11(35), eadt0897. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Renaissance Masters often prepared siccative oils by heating linseed oil with siccatives, particularly lead oxide, inducing partial saponification and altering its properties. Our reconstructions show that lead-saponified oils naturally separate into two phases. In this study, we investigate the differences between these two phases through a comprehensive set of analytical methods, from macrolevel assessments (rheology) to microlevel characterizations (small and wide-angle x-ray scattering, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy) and chemical analyses. The lower phase is enriched in free fatty acids and lead carboxylates, especially saturated species—both as free acids and metal soaps—prone to self-organization. As a result, the lower phase displays a pronounced lamellar organization with partial crystallization and exhibits viscoelastic and shear-thinning properties. In contrast, the unstructured upper phase behaves as a Newtonian fluid. The observed phenomena share similarities with the formation of soap-related defects such as protrusions, linked to saturated lead soaps.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucie Laporte and David Touboul and Thierry Pouget and Nicolas Benoot and Guylaine Ducouret and Sophie Rochut and Maguy Jaber and Frédéric Gobeaux and Laurence de Viguerie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0897}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadt0897}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phase separation in lead-saponified drying oils: Implications for historical painting techniques and paint stability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Abnormal mitochondrial structure and function in brown adipose tissue of SLC35A4-MP knockout mice. SCIADV, 11(35), eads7381. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Uncovering the role of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) challenges conventional views of one protein per messenger RNA and reveals the capacity of some uORFs to encode microproteins that contribute to cellular biology and physiology. This study explores the functional role of a recently identified mitochondrial microprotein, SLC35A4-MP, in the brown adipose tissue of mice. Our findings reveal dynamic regulation of SLC35A4-MP expression during primary brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro and during cold exposure or high-fat diet (HFD)–induced obesity in mice. Using a knockout mouse model, we show that loss of SLC35A4-MP disrupts mitochondrial lipid composition, decreasing cardiolipins and phosphatidylethanolamine in brown adipose tissue from HFD-fed mice. SLC35A4-MP deficiency also impairs mitochondrial activity, alters mitochondrial number and morphology, and promotes inflammation. Knockout mice accumulate acylcarnitines during cold exposure, indicating defective fatty acid oxidation. These findings reveal SLC35A4-MP as a previously unrecognized microprotein in regulating mitochondrial function and tissue lipid metabolism, adding to the growing list of functional endogenous microproteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andréa L. Rocha and Christian Schmedt and Guy Perkins and Antonio Pinto and Jolene K. Diedrich and Huanqi Shan and Kaja Plucińska and Eduardo Vieira de Souza and Joan M. Vaughan and Mark Foster and Srinath C. Sampath and Srihari C. Sampath and Paul Cohen and Mark H. Ellisman and Alan Saghatelian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7381}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eads7381}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Abnormal mitochondrial structure and function in brown adipose tissue of SLC35A4-MP knockout mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Id1 promotes clonal hematopoiesis in mice with tet2 loss of function. SCIADV, 11(35), eadr5867. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hematopoietic malignancies emerge through the acquisition of genetic mutations within hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Some mutations impart a selective growth advantage to HSPCs, which expand and contribute to mature blood cells. This expansion is termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH). Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) protein is a transcriptional regulator of proliferation/differentiation of hematopoietic cells. HSPCs express low levels of Id1 that is induced by growth factors and other mediators of inflammatory during stress to promote HSPC expansion. Since chronic inflammation is associated with the progression of hematopoietic malignancies, reducing Id1 expression may reduce CH. Genetic ablation of Id1 in Tet2 −/− HSPCs reduces HSPC expansion/CH, extramedullary hematopoiesis, myeloid skewing, and genetic instability and delays the onset of disease. Mechanistically, p16 expression, senescence, and apoptosis were increased, and proliferation decreased in Tet2 −/− ;Id1 −/− HSPCs. Thus, ID1 may represent a therapeutic target to reduce CH and delay the onset of disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shweta Singh and Kristbjorn O. Gudmundsson and Tanmoy Sarkar and Brad L. Jakubison and Holly M. Morris and Sandra Burkett and Karim Baktiar and Gary T. Pauly and Dina M. Sigano and Joel P. Schneider and Lino Tessarollo and Jonathan R. Keller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5867}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadr5867}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Id1 promotes clonal hematopoiesis in mice with tet2 loss of function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bacteriophage immunotherapy with artificial antigen-directed immune labeling against bacterial infection. SCIADV, 11(35), eadr1911. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteriophage therapy has been recognized as a promising anti-infection alternative, while its clinical therapeutic outcomes are compromised due to the development of bacterial resistance, ongoing host immune dysfunction at infection sites, and their failure to adequately revitalize host immunity. Here, we present a strategy for artificial antigen-directed immune labeling of bacteria, capitalizing on residual bacteriophage capsids on bacterial surfaces, which enable immune cells to achieve quicker bacterial recognition and clearance. Specifically, Mn 2+ @Man-phage anchored on bacterial surfaces and provided artificial recognition sites that enabled macrophages to phagocytize via mannose receptors, accompanied by enhanced bactericidal activity triggered by manganese ions in response to an infectious microenvironment. Moreover, immune labeling–activated macrophages enhanced antigen presentation at infection sites, further boosting specific T cell–mediated adaptive immune responses and infection eradication effects. Overall, this study illustrates a scalable bacteriophage immune therapy based on precise biological labeling and targeted modulation of immune responses, bridging the natural divide between bacteriophages and host immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Minjun Yao and Liang Chen and Xiaoqiang Jin and Zhenxuan Shao and Yucheng Xue and Wenkan Zhang and Hao Zhou and Shenzhi Zhao and Haochen Mou and Shixin Chen and Eloy Yinwang and Jiahao Zhang and Xiaoyong Wu and Kanbin Wang and Chenhe Zhou and Xunzi Cai and Chen Zhuang and Rongxin He and Jianbin Xu and Zhaoming Ye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1911}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadr1911}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bacteriophage immunotherapy with artificial antigen-directed immune labeling against bacterial infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multidecadal decoupling between coral calcifying fluid and seawater saturation states. SCIADV, 11(35), eadr0264. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ocean acidification poses a threat to coral skeleton formation via reductions in the saturation state of aragonite (Ω Ar ) in seawater. Given that corals precipitate their skeletons from a calcifying fluid supplied by seawater, reductions in seawater Ω Ar should, in theory, confound calcification. Here, we reconstruct up to 200 years of coral calcifying fluid Ω Ar , using Raman spectroscopy techniques, at approximately monthly resolution in two Porites sp. skeletal cores from the Coral Sea region to investigate (i) the regulation of coral calcifying fluid Ω Ar and (ii) the skeletal calcification response to industrial-era ocean acidification. Our results reveal a significant increase in calcifying fluid Ω Ar , suggesting that some corals may adjust to the pace of acidification in the wild more effectively than suggested by short-term laboratory studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica C. Hankins and Thomas M. DeCarlo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0264}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadr0264}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multidecadal decoupling between coral calcifying fluid and seawater saturation states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). IgM and IgG1 b cell receptors differentially affect b cell fates and dictate the pathogenesis of mature b cell lymphomas. SCIADV, 11(35), eadp9391. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Malignant B cells rely on B cell receptor (BCR) signals for their survival and growth. Besides the Immunoglobulin M (IgM) BCR, lymphoma cells can also express non–IgM (IgG) BCRs; however, the role of IgG BCRs in malignant B cell is not well understood. Here, we report poorer disease outcomes in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) expressing high IgM versus those expressing IgG1. Using isogenic lymphoma cells expressing distinct BCRs, we found that IgM expressing cells strongly outcompete their IgG1 counterparts. Mechanistically, IgG1 BCR is associated with a dysfunctional mitochondrial state and reduced cell survival. We show that mitochondrial dysfunction is triggered by accentuated calcium responses downstream of IgG1 BCR. Genetic reversal of IgG1 to IgM, pharmacological dampening of calcium signaling, or treatment with interleukin-21 can correct mitochondrial defects and rescue IgG1 survival. Our findings demonstrate that distinct BCR isotypes are inherently unique and can differentially affect B cell lymphoma pathogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rebecca M. Southern and Rebecca L. Schmitz and Daniela Samaniego-Castruita and Daniel Balsells and Isabella Han and Prathyaya Ramesh and Mi Thao Tran and Carlos Montes and Taek-Chin Cheong and Roberto Chiarle and Ajay Abraham and Ari Waisman and Robert C. Rickert and Vipul Shukla and Ashima Shukla}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9391}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadp9391}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {IgM and IgG1 b cell receptors differentially affect b cell fates and dictate the pathogenesis of mature b cell lymphomas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineering noncovalent π-stacked organic framework for intrinsic near-infrared photoactivated drug delivery. SCIADV, 11(35), eadp2757. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photoactivated drug delivery is a promising therapeutic strategy that enables spatial and temporal control of payload release. A critical component of this approach is the photoresponsive material that has sufficient drug-loading capacity and can be actuated by near-infrared (NIR) light with considerable penetration depths. Here, we establish a photoactivated drug delivery platform based on the π-stacked organic framework (πOF), which demonstrates an intrinsic NIR absorption and superior photothermal effect. πOF not only has considerable loading capacity for a variety of drugs but also prompts the inducible burst release of loaded cargoes under NIR irradiation with notable increase of the release rate. Based on these features, πOF is used to effectively modulate the delivery of resiquimod (R848) and simultaneously induce photothermal effect by NIR irradiation. In 4T1-bearing mouse models, the photoactivated release of R848 can significantly potentiate treatment efficacy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruxing Fu and Dong Meng and Xiao Han and Lu Liu and Chichia Chen and Ran Zheng and Yepin Zhao and Xuexiang Zhang and Xiao Lin and Mahdi Hasani and Yang Song and Tingxizi Liang and Di Wen and Hongjun Li and Ilhan Yavuz and Huiheng Feng and Zhen Gu and Zhenxing Li and Song Li and Feng Liu and Yang Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2757}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {35}, pages = {eadp2757}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineering noncovalent π-stacked organic framework for intrinsic near-infrared photoactivated drug delivery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Deciphering co-ion and counterion transport in polyamide desalination membranes reveals ion selectivity mechanisms” by y. guo et al.. SCIADV, 11(34), eaeb1382. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of Fig. 2C and Eq. 17 in the Research Article “Deciphering co-ion and counterion transport in polyamide desalination membranes reveals ion selectivity mechanisms” by Y. Guo et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeb1382}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eaeb1382}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Deciphering co-ion and counterion transport in polyamide desalination membranes reveals ion selectivity mechanisms” by y. guo et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Characterization of the glycoproteins of fish and amphibian influenza b–like viruses. SCIADV, 11(34), eady8610. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Influenza-like virus sequences previously identified in fish and amphibians cluster as a sister clade of influenza B viruses but remain largely uncharacterized. We demonstrate that salamander influenza-like virus (SILV) hemagglutinin (HA) is functionally divergent from influenza B virus HA and does not bind to α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids. However, the HAs of Siamese algae-eater influenza-like virus (SAEILV) and chum salmon influenza-like virus (CSILV) bind to α2,3-linked sialic acid. Furthermore, SAEILV HA binds to sialyated Lewis X, is activated by human airway enzymes, and is fusogenic over a broad pH range. SAEILV neuraminidase (NA) has a highly conserved active site and a similar structure to other known NAs. We also determined the cryo–electron microscopy structure of the HA of a previously described virus from the same sister clade, the Wuhan spiny eel influenza virus (WSEIV). No cross-reactive antibodies against these HAs or NAs were found in human serum, suggesting that humans are immunologically naïve to these viruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gagandeep Singh and Jiachen Huang and Disha Bhavsar and Kirill Vasilev and James A. Ferguson and Geert-Jan Boons and Viviana Simon and Robert P. de Vries and Julianna Han and Andrew Ward and Florian Krammer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8610}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady8610}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Characterization of the glycoproteins of fish and amphibian influenza b–like viruses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Designing a DNA synchronizer for compact single-rail DNA logic circuits. SCIADV, 11(34), eady8165. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA has emerged as a robust platform for engineering molecular circuits with arbitrary logic operations. Nevertheless, implementing DNA circuits for such functions generally relies on the use of dual-rail expression that doubles the number of required gates, constraining the achievable complexity in a single solution. A fundamental limitation is that conventional single-rail circuits cannot support nonfirst-layer NOT operations. Here, we introduce the design of a DNA synchronizer (DSN), a temporal regulation module that enables time-dependent NOT function, to circumvent the fundamental limitation of conventional single-rail designs. Tuning the binding affinity between the DSN strand and an inverter strand allows for regulating the execution time of NOT gates at varying cascade depths. Single-rail NAND and NOR gates are implemented using DSNs, which are Boolean complete. We further demonstrate a 4-bit square root circuit using a minimal set of only five gates. This single-rail architecture holds promise for developing compact yet scalable DNA computing circuits while advancing applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenyun Sun and Zhikun Zhao and Jinyan Zhang and Hui Lv and Haozhi Wang and Haitao Song and Jiabin Wang and Kai Xia and Xiurong Yang and Chunhai Fan and Fei Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8165}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady8165}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Designing a DNA synchronizer for compact single-rail DNA logic circuits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hypersensitive pressure sensors inspired by scorpion mechanosensory mechanisms for near-body flow detection in intelligent robots. SCIADV, 11(34), eady5008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sensitivity enhancement for pressure sensors over a broad linear range can improve sensing performance for a wide range of applications such as health monitoring and artificial intelligence. Here, inspired by the high-precision mechanosensory mechanism of the scorpion, a bioinspired piezoresistive pressure sensor (BPPS) is reported for the synergistic enhancement of sensitivity and linearity at 65.56 millivolts per volt per kilopascal and 0.99934, respectively, in a pressure range from 0 to 500 kilopascals. The BPPS can distinguish laminar, transitional, and turbulent flows as well as identify approaching objects of different shapes with an accuracy exceeding 85.42% by integrating a wavelet transform algorithm and the ResNet18 deep learning network. As a proof of concept, BPPS has been engineered in a hexapod robot to enable near-body flow field sensing for active collision avoidance. This work underscores the potential to leverage key design concepts inspired by living insects for improved sensing performance and offers structural insights for other high-precision sensors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pinkun Wang and Changchao Zhang and Bo Li and Xiancun Meng and Yuechun Ding and Junqiu Zhang and Shichao Niu and Zhiwu Han and Liwei Lin and Luquan Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady5008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady5008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hypersensitive pressure sensors inspired by scorpion mechanosensory mechanisms for near-body flow detection in intelligent robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Imprisoning 2H intermediate phases in blade-coated wide-bandgap perovskites for efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells. SCIADV, 11(34), eady3621. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Scalable fabrication of high-efficiency all-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) remains challenging due to notable voltage deficits in wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells, primarily driven by severe halide segregation during the large-scale blade coating process. Here, we introduce 4-aminobenzylphosphonic acid as a functional “2H-imprison” additive that selectively bypasses the formation of the 2H phase (an iodine-rich structure) and promotes the direct crystallization of the desired 3C phase, resulting in a homogeneous phase and halide distribution. Consequently, blade-coated 1.77–electron volt–bandgap perovskite solar cells achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.35% (certified 19.72%) with an open-circuit voltage of 1.35 volts for a ~0.07–square centimeter aperture area, while 1.02–square centimeter devices delivered a PCE of 19.00%. Furthermore, the corresponding blade-coated two- and four-terminal all-perovskite TSCs demonstrated high PCEs of 27.34 and 28.46%, respectively. This study reveals the origins of phase segregation during blade coating and provides a viable strategy to mitigate it, paving the way for scalable and high-efficiency TSCs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dexin Pu and Xuhao Zhang and Hongyi Fang and Weichen Shen and Guoyi Chen and Weiqing Chen and Peng Jia and Guang Li and Hongling Guan and Lishuai Huang and Yuan Zhou and Jiahao Wang and Wenwen Zheng and Weiwei Meng and Guojia Fang and Weijun Ke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3621}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady3621}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Imprisoning 2H intermediate phases in blade-coated wide-bandgap perovskites for efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Light-triggered molecular mechanotherapy of tumor using membrane-mimicking conjugated oligoelectrolytes. SCIADV, 11(34), eady3349. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A class of light-mediated mechanotherapeutic agents was developed on the basis of conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs), which mimic the topology of lipid membranes and intrinsically exhibit excellent biocompatibility. Low-dose white light irradiation (20 milliwatts per square centimeter for 10 minutes) substantially decreased the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the optimized COE against A549 cancer cells from more than 256 to 0.6 micromolar. Typical photodynamic and photothermal effects were not responsible for the potent anticancer efficacy. Biophysical and photophysical experiments using vesicle models revealed that COEs can induce mechanical force likely by molecular conformation change within lipid membranes under light exposure, supporting the mechanotherapeutic mechanism by which COEs after excitation can physically disrupt cell membrane. Investigation of two other COEs with similar spectral properties but different backbone architectures revealed that their mechanotherapeutic efficacy is dependent on molecular topology. These results highlight the potential to develop light-responsive mechanotherapeutic agents based on membrane-mimicking COE platform for cancer treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peirong Zhou and Di Zhang and Yingying Meng and Xiaoran Huang and Yongchuan Wu and Yuanqing Bai and Jingjing Guo and Hongwei Song and Kai Zhang and Liang Yao and Guillermo C. Bazan and Guangxue Feng and Cheng Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady3349}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady3349}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Light-triggered molecular mechanotherapy of tumor using membrane-mimicking conjugated oligoelectrolytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Naturally high fatigue performance of a 3D printing titanium alloy across all stress ratios. SCIADV, 11(34), eady0937. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Three-dimensional printing of structural materials, namely, additive manufacturing (AM), has notable advantages in fabricating structurally complex engineering components. These complex components usually endure comprehensive fatigue examination due to their complex stress distribution with varying stress ratios during service. Therefore, it is important to ensure the fatigue reliability of additive manufactured materials across all stress ratios. We found that the AM microstructure itself in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy successfully synthesizes the tripartite advantages of fine prior β grain boundaries, void-free, and fine α grains, which are respectively sensitive to the low, medium, and high stress ratio regions. Under this synergistic effect, the fatigue performance of the natural AM microstructure across all stress ratios not only outperforms all additive manufactured and forged Ti-6Al-4V alloys, but also surpasses other metallic materials. Our finding highlights the potential advantage of additive manufacturing technology in producing complex components with high fatigue resistance, substantially expanding its application scope.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhan Qu and Zhenjun Zhang and Rui Liu and Zhefeng Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0937}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eady0937}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Naturally high fatigue performance of a 3D printing titanium alloy across all stress ratios}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhibition of craniosynostosis and premature suture fusion in twist1 mutant mice with RNA nanoparticle gene therapy. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx9763. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Craniosynostosis is a common birth defect affecting 1 of the 2200 live births causing severe skull and cognitive defects, due to premature cranial suture fusion. The current surgical treatments require invasive calvaria vault remodeling and cranial bone resection in the baby. We demonstrate that inhibition of miR-200a in PMIS–miR-200a mice results in coronal suture fusion (craniosynostosis). Therefore, we use overexpression of miR-200a to prevent suture fusion in Twist1 mutant mice, a well-known model for craniosynostosis. We developed a PEGylated-peptide nanoparticle system to deliver plasmid DNA expressing miR-200a directly to the sutures of postnatal day 4 (P4) Twist1 mutant mice before suture fusion. Injection of the miR-200a nanoparticles under the scalp before suture fusion at P7 to P10 inhibited suture fusion. Treatments increased Gli1- and Six2-positive suture stem cells and the thickness of the periosteum layer. The treated Twist1 +/− mice increased body weight and were alert and active. We demonstrate an effective noninvasive gene therapy treatment for craniosynostosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samuel Swearson and Steve Eliason and Dan Su and Kevin G. Rice and Brad A. Amendt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9763}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx9763}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhibition of craniosynostosis and premature suture fusion in twist1 mutant mice with RNA nanoparticle gene therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ atomic-resolution imaging of water vapor–driven multistep oxidation dynamics in strontium cobaltite. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx8890. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how water vapor interacts with transition metal oxides (TMOs) is critical for tailoring material properties to improve performance and enable new technologies. Despite extensive research efforts, atomic-scale mechanisms underpinning dynamic reactions and reaction-induced phase transitions remain elusive. Here, we use in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy to investigate how water vapor oxidizes vacancy-ordered SrCoO 2.5 at moderately elevated temperatures, demonstrating that water molecules can initiate oxidation more effectively than oxygen under comparable conditions. We discover a distinct “staging” behavior during the oxidation process: A fully ordered intermediate phase, SrCoO 2.75 , forms before transitioning into a near-perovskite SrCoO 3−δ . In addition, antiphase boundaries, originating at step terraces of SrTiO 3 , alleviate strain by creating reversible nanoscale “gaps” during lattice contraction under oxidation, providing a pathway for preserving structural integrity throughout redox cycling. This work provides atomic-level guidance for engineering TMOs by leveraging water vapor to control their redox behavior and tailor functional properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenzhong Yang and Ke Qu and Yifeng Zhao and Le Wang and Libor Kovarik and Peter V. Sushko and Yingjie Lyu and Jianbing Zhang and Pu Yu and Chungang Duan and Yingge Du}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8890}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx8890}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ atomic-resolution imaging of water vapor–driven multistep oxidation dynamics in strontium cobaltite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amorphous monolayer CuPd catalysts for selective semihydrogenation. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx8081. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The unique structural configuration of amorphous nanomaterials, characterized by their disordered atomic arrangements, highly exposed active sites, and isotropic homogeneity, enables exceptional catalytic performance that bridges the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. In this work, an amorphous CuPd catalyst was fabricated through incorporating Cu ions into the disordered Pd lattice, creating an amorphous monolayer architecture with engineered hydrogen transport pathways. The precisely modulated atomic/electronic configuration optimizes the adsorption configuration and bonding strength between substrate/intermediates and catalysts surfaces. The amorphous catalyst achieves 96.2% selectivity at 99.1% conversion under mild conditions, with a time of flight of 6004 hour −1 . These results demonstrate that amorphous architectures, with their disordered atomic arrangements, uniformly distributed active sites, and tunable adsorption energetics, establish a generalized design framework for high-performance catalysts, achieving superior selectivity and activity compared to crystalline systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haosen Yang and Bozhou Yan and Yufeng Xue and Tianqi Guo and Zhongchang Wang and Gilberto Teobaldi and Pengfei Hu and Li-Min Liu and Lin Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8081}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx8081}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amorphous monolayer CuPd catalysts for selective semihydrogenation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plant negative-strand RNA virus phosphoprotein condensates exploit host trafficking and lipid synthesis for viral factory assembly. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx7905. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {RNA viruses often remodel host intracellular membranes to establish specialized replication compartments through viral protein–induced phase separation. However, the mechanisms underlying membrane remodeling and the characteristics that render these sites conducive to replication remain poorly understood, particularly in plant negative-strand RNA viruses. Here, we demonstrate that the phosphoprotein (P) of rice stripe mosaic virus (RSMV) forms biomolecular condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to recruit essential components for viral replication factories (VFs). We identify a direct interaction between RSMV P and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylation factor 1 (OsARF1C), a crucial regulator of the coatomer protein I (COP I) vesicle transport pathway that is vital for viral replication. This interaction indirectly recruits OsARF1C’s partner, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (OsPI4KB), which drives localized phosphatidylinositol-4 phosphate (PI4P) synthesis. Concurrently, the P protein modulates its aggregates and LLPS droplets through PI4P, thereby expanding the replication site and enhancing viral replication.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiyi Wang and Jingyi Zhang and Jilei Huang and Gan Sha and Xinyue Song and Xue Cao and Zhenchen Yan and Chuanhe Liu and Siping Chen and Ziying Li and Xiuqin Huang and Qingjun Xie and Xin Yang and Guohui Zhou and Tong Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7905}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx7905}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plant negative-strand RNA virus phosphoprotein condensates exploit host trafficking and lipid synthesis for viral factory assembly}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A functionalized porous al current collector enables high-energy density anode-free na batteries. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx7124. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anode-free Na batteries offer the highest possible energy density but suffer from rapid capacity decay resulting mainly from the formation of Na dendrites and large volume change. Here, we design a functionalized porous Al current collector created through template-free electrodeposition and physical separation methods to modulate Na growth behavior. The controlled porous architecture, featuring interconnected ligament-channel networks, reduces structural stress and inhibits dendritic Na formation by lowering local current density and uniformizing ion flux. In addition, the abundant sodiophilic active sites boost reaction kinetics, decrease Na nucleation barrier, and subsequently manipulate homogeneous Na nucleation. Consequently, the porous Al host exhibits high reversibility of dendrite-free Na plating/stripping behavior. A proof-of-concept 4.3 V-class pouch cell achieves an energy density of up to 420.4 watt-hours per kilogram and stable cycling performance with 84.9% capacity retention over 100 cycles under anode-free conditions, providing a pathway for the design of anode-free Na batteries for practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongling An and Zhihao Pei and Deyan Luan and Xiong Wen (David) Lou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7124}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx7124}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A functionalized porous al current collector enables high-energy density anode-free na batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dapl1+ subpopulation of naïve CD8 t cells is enriched for memory-lineage precursors. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx5687. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Memory CD8 T cells provide long-lasting immunity, but their developmental origins remain incompletely defined. Growing evidence suggests that functional heterogeneity exists within the naïve T cell pool, shaping lineage potential before antigen stimulation. Here, we identify a subpopulation of naïve CD8 T cells expressing death-associated protein-like 1 (Dapl1) that contains preprogrammed precursors biased toward memory differentiation. The differentiation of these precursors is independent of Dapl1 but relies on the transcription factor B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia 11b (Bcl11b), resulting in the generation of Dapl1 + central memory–like CD8 T cells after infection and stem-like memory cells in cancer. Dapl1 + naïve T cells originate among mature thymocytes and gradually appear in the periphery postnatally. Peripheral Dapl1 + and Dapl1 − populations show limited plasticity, supporting a thymic-imprinting model. These findings reveal a developmentally imprinted subset of naïve CD8 T cells committed to memory fate, uncovering an alternative pathway for memory T cell generation offering new avenues for therapeutic application.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adam C. Lynch and Kaito A. Hioki and Xueting Liang and Iris Thesmar and Julia Cernjul and Xinjian Doris He and Jesse Mager and Wei Cui and Dominique Alfandari and Elena L. Pobezinskaya and Leonid A. Pobezinsky}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5687}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx5687}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dapl1+ subpopulation of naïve CD8 t cells is enriched for memory-lineage precursors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification of renal stem cells in zebrafish. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx5296. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Renal stem cells (RSC) hold great promise as kidney disease regenerative therapies. However, RSCs capable of regenerating de novo nephrons remain unidentified in vertebrates. Therefore, this study aimed to identify RSCs in zebrafish. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed eya2 , pax2a , and six2a as primary markers of zebrafish RSCs. Real-time imaging demonstrated that RSCs originated from eya2 -positive mesenchymal cells. Notably, photoconversion-based lineage tracing and serial transplantation assays revealed a unique RSC renewal process, characterized by a differentiation-proliferation-dedifferentiation mode. This process generates nephrons and nascent RSCs concurrently. In addition, precise Wnt signaling is key for RSC renewal and differentiation balance and directly activates eya2 expression to initiate renewal. This discovery establishes a foundation for the advancement of stem cell therapies for kidney diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ting Yu and Xiaoliang Liu and Xiaoqin Tan and Yunfeng Zhang and Zhongwei He and Wenmin Yang and Tingting Tian and Yan Li and Jinghong Zhao and Chi Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5296}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx5296}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification of renal stem cells in zebrafish}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanism and cellular actions of the potent AMPK inhibitor BAY-3827. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx2434. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inhibition of adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)–activated protein kinase (AMPK) is under increasing investigation for its therapeutic potential in many diseases. Existing AMPK inhibitors are however limited, with poor selectivity and substantial off-target effects. Here, we provide mechanistic insights and describe the cellular selectivity of the recently identified AMPK inhibitor BAY-3827. A 2.5-Å cocrystal structure of the AMPK kinase domain with BAY-3827 revealed distinct features including a disulfide bridge between the αD helix Cys 106 and the activation loop residue Cys 174 . This bridge appears to stabilize the activation loop such that Asn 162 repositions the Asp-Phe-Gly (DFG) motif Phe 158 toward the C-terminal lobe, displacing His 137 and disrupting the regulatory spine, promoting an inactive kinase state. In hepatocytes, BAY-3827 blocked AMPK activator (MK-8722)–mediated phosphorylation of ACC1 and corresponding inhibition of lipogenesis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that BAY-3827 down-regulated ~30% of MK-8722–stimulated AMPK-dependent genes. We establish the molecular and cellular basis of BAY-3827’s selectivity and utility for delineating AMPK functions while highlighting its limitations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Conchita Fraguas Bringas and Mohd Syed Ahangar and Joyceline Cuenco and Hongling Liu and Alex B. Addinsall and Maria Lindahl and Ashley J. Ovens and Mark A. Febbraio and Marc Foretz and Olga Göransson and John W. Scott and Elton Zeqiraj and Kei Sakamoto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2434}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx2434}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanism and cellular actions of the potent AMPK inhibitor BAY-3827}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatiotemporal reconstruction of corded ware and bell beaker burial rituals reveals complex dynamics divergent from steppe ancestry. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx2262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how the dispersal of cultural innovations intersects with the spread of genes remains a central challenge in prehistoric archaeology. Here, we examine how the third millennium BCE Corded Ware (CW) and Bell Beaker (BB) burial traditions disseminated across Europe and their relation to the influx of steppe ancestry. To investigate these spatiotemporal dynamics during one of Europe’s most transformative periods, we compiled a dataset of radiocarbon dates from 967 burials, applying kernel density estimation alongside optimal linear estimation. We show that the adoption of CW and BB funerary rites is not synchronized with, and often contradicts, the spread of steppe ancestry. Furthermore, we show that these burial traditions spread rapidly and polyfocally among dispersed communities before a brief yet continent-wide consolidation phase around 2600 BCE for CW and 2400 BCE for BB, suggesting broad, simultaneous societal changes among preliterate societies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quentin P. J. Bourgeois and Florian Helmecke and Louise Olerud and Igor Djakovic and M. Guadalupe Castro Gonzales and Erik Kroon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx2262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatiotemporal reconstruction of corded ware and bell beaker burial rituals reveals complex dynamics divergent from steppe ancestry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The origin of complex crater formation during high-speed impacts. SCIADV, 11(34), eadx0294. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Complex crater formation is an incompletely understood phenomenon, referring to instances wherein a high-speed projectile impacts a surface and leaves a crater characterized by a central uplift. We elucidate the mechanism of complex crater formation by examining crater formation on different polymer substrates resulting from microparticle impacts with tunable microparticle diameter (1.8 to 6.1 micrometers) and impact velocities up to 840 meters per second. Central uplift is uniquely observed in craters on amorphous polymers, with the degree of complexity directly linked to the polymer thermal properties and homogeneity. We demonstrate that the complex crater volume scales with the ratio of the specific kinetic energy of the impacting object to the specific energy required to raise the impacted substrate to its glass transition temperature (the Eckert number). Our results also confirm that complex crater formation can occur not only for macroscopic celestial collisions but also during sufficiently high velocity collisions at the micrometer scale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hasan F. Celebi and Austin J. Andrews and Ioannis Pothos and Nathan A. Bellefeuille and Bernard A. Olson and Thomas E. Schwartzentruber and Christopher J. Hogan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0294}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadx0294}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The origin of complex crater formation during high-speed impacts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-resolution MRI reveals uteroplacental flow dynamics in a 3D-printed human placental cotyledon model. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw9753. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Doppler measurements of the uterine arteries are indirect measures of the uteroplacental blood flow. Given that the intervillous flow cannot be resolved by clinical imaging, theoretical models are used to study the flow dynamics in the intervillous space (IVS). We propose an experimental method to visualize the flow within the IVS of a single placental cotyledon postpartum. At first, a cotyledon is measured by micro-computed tomography imaging. The reconstructed volume is then used to create a near-realistic placenta model. Four variations of arterial inlets are designed to simulate both normal and abnormal flow patterns. A scaled version of the model is printed in three dimensions. Magnetic resonance imaging–based velocity measurements inside the printed model, which is perfused with a Newtonian fluid at two Reynolds numbers, revealed that the flow patterns are primarily influenced by the Reynolds number and the dilation of the arterial inlet. The spiralization of the arterial pathway had only a minimal impact.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nirav Barapatre and David Frank and Franz Edler von Koch and Sven Grundmann and Hans-Georg Frank and Martin Bruschewski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9753}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw9753}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-resolution MRI reveals uteroplacental flow dynamics in a 3D-printed human placental cotyledon model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic control of lithium dendrite growth with sequential guiding and limiting in all-solid-state batteries. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw9590. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Solid-state electrolyte (SSE) is anticipated to exhibit proper mechanical strength and effectively inhibit the penetration of lithium dendrites. However, the growth of lithium dendrites is inevitable, driven by the intrinsic properties of SSEs. Hence, guiding the growth of lithium dendrites in a controllable way is more feasible instead of completely preventing their growth. Here, we present a strategically designed structural layer composed of graded lithium nitride particles, which guides the growth of lithium dendrites within confined spaces. Meanwhile, this layer is paired with a less lithium-stable electrolyte and enables the guided lithium dendrites to self-limit within localized regions at the interface. The comprehensive analysis further reveals that the designed bilayer SSE effectively harnesses the interface-generated pressure during battery cycling, achieving dynamic control of lithium dendrite growth. This interfacial structure design of SSE holds broad applicability for regulating lithium dendrites in all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Longbang Di and Zongji Huang and Lei Gao and Yunxing Zuo and Jinlong Zhu and Mengyu Sun and Shusen Zhao and Jiaxin Zheng and Songbai Han and Ruqiang Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9590}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw9590}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic control of lithium dendrite growth with sequential guiding and limiting in all-solid-state batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Moderate heating renders 7.8-million-year-old sedimentary organic matter bioavailable. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw8638. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine sediments are a large reservoir of recalcitrant organic matter and host microbes at subsurface depths exceeding 2.4 kilometers and temperatures up to 120°C, yet the mechanisms supplying bioavailable substrates remain unclear. Here, we investigated 7.8-million-year-old sediment from IODP Site C0012 off the Nankai Trough, Japan, through incubations at 20°, 35°, 55°, and 85°C to simulate burial temperatures. Using 3D fluorescence spectroscopy and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, we tracked changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM). At 35°C, humic-like DOM was released alongside metal ions, exhibiting low bioavailability. At 55°C, abiotic decomposition of humic compounds generated smaller, more bioavailable DOM, promoting fermentation. At 85°C, large nitrogen-containing humic compounds decomposed, producing labile H 2 and acetate mainly through abiotic processes, bypassing fermentation. Our findings show how abiotic thermal processes activate the refractory organic matter pool, advancing our understanding of long-term carbon sequestration in marine sediments and its implications for global carbon cycling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuchai Gan and Verena B. Heuer and Frauke Schmidt and Lars Wörmer and Faming Wang and Rishi R. Adhikari and Patrick Hatcher and Ann Pearson and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8638}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw8638}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Moderate heating renders 7.8-million-year-old sedimentary organic matter bioavailable}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distinctive molecular features of radiation-induced thyroid cancers. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw7680. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) incidence increased after childhood exposure to radioactive fallout from the Chornobyl accident. We investigated PTC genomic profiles to distinguish radiation-induced versus sporadic oncogenic drivers by modeling dose and molecular characteristics by driver category: BRAF V600E ( n = 132), RAS mutation ( n = 31), fusions generated from two breakpoints and <20 base pairs (bp) breakpoint gain/loss (Fusion 2B<20bp ; n = 63), or ≥3 breakpoints and ≥1000 bp breakpoint loss ( n = 20). The frequency of Fusion 2B<20bp -PTC increased with increasing thyroid radiation dose, whereas all others declined. Clonal small deletion counts increased with increasing radiation dose for Fusion 2B<20bp -PTC ( P = 5.1 × 10 −4 ) but not other drivers ( P > 0.08). Clonal clock mutational signatures, marking the age of tumor initiation, were associated with age at the accident for Fusion 2B<20bp -PTC ( P = 8.2 × 10 −4 ) but not other drivers ( P > 0.21). Together, these results support a causal role for ionizing radiation in Fusion 2B<20bp -PTC as a group but not other drivers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danielle M. Karyadi and Tetiana I. Bogdanova and Cato M. Milder and Stephen W. Hartley and Olivia W. Lee and Michael Dean and Vladimir Drozdovitch and Elizabeth K. Cahoon and Sergii Masiuk and Mykola Chepurny and Liudmyla Yu Zurnadzhy and Vibha Vij and Cari M. Kitahara and Gerry A. Thomas and Gayle E. Woloschak and Dale A. Ramsden and Mykola D. Tronko and Stephen J. Chanock and Lindsay M. Morton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7680}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw7680}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distinctive molecular features of radiation-induced thyroid cancers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gallium modulated tin oxide for continuous production of formic acid via durable acidic CO2 electroreduction. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw7326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CO 2 reduction catalyst corrosion and H 2 evolution remain challenging under the strongly acidic electrolyte. Here, Ga-modulated SnO x was investigated to achieve a good Sn δ+ oxidation state stability for durable (> 4000 hours) acidic CO 2 reduction to HCOOH. Under pH 1.7, catalysts achieved a partial current density of 440 mA cm −2 at −1.63 V RHE and the highest single-pass conversion efficiency (SPCE) of 91.9%. In a 10 cm 2 electrolyzer, a total current of ~986.3 milliampere is exhibited for more than 4000 hours with Faradaic efficiency of HCOOH (FE HCOOH ) higher than 82% and SPCE higher than 50%. Mechanism study indicates that lattice oxygen anchoring effect of Ga due to its strong oxygen affinity establishes a stable framework, reinforcing interface Sn─O bonds and protecting the Sn δ+ from the heavy self-reduction process. The robust structure of catalyst and modulated active Sn δ+ sites elevate the CO 2 reduction activity. The durable and highly efficient catalytic system exhibits the potential for industrial applications of the Ga-modulated SnO x .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bingquan Jia and Zhe Chen and Kaili Zhu and Weili Shi and Zhuang Hu and Tao Wang and Licheng Sun and Biaobiao Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw7326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gallium modulated tin oxide for continuous production of formic acid via durable acidic CO2 electroreduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Liver regeneration–associated hepatocellular YAP1 activation prevents colorectal cancer liver metastasis through glutamine competition. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw6926. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The literature suggests that hepatocellular Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) signaling is activated following hepatectomy and that such activation can suppress the growth of metastatic liver tumors. The prognosis of a real-world cohort of 240 patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) undergoing major and minor hepatectomy was compared after adjusting for confounding factors. To model CRLM, we induced liver metastasis in mice by transsplenically injecting MC38 cells. We found that patients with CRLM and mice undergoing major hepatectomy had better survival compared to those undergoing minor hepatectomy. Mechanistically, extensive hepatectomy activates hepatocellular YAP1 by regulating the epidermal growth factor receptor, altering glutamine metabolism–related gene expression and increasing liver glutamine consumption. This metabolic shift leads to glutamine scarcity in tumor cells, causing increased reactive oxygen species production, which promotes loss of YAP1 activity in tumor cells. Consequently, the production of the chemokine CXCL5 is suppressed, which inhibits myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and enhancing the immunological function of CD8 + T cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiang Yu and Mincheng Yu and Peiyi Xie and Lei Guo and Yufei Zhao and Wenxin Xu and Xian Li and Mengyuan Wu and Zihao Zhang and Zheng Chen and Yongsheng Xiao and Jian Zhou and Jia Fan and Mien-Chie Hung and Yongfeng Xu and Bo Zhang and Qinghai Ye and Hui Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6926}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw6926}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Liver regeneration–associated hepatocellular YAP1 activation prevents colorectal cancer liver metastasis through glutamine competition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Laboratory-based in situ and operando tricolor x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw6673. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Innovative approaches to study buried interfaces and heterogeneous interactions under reaction conditions are crucial for advancing energy and catalytic materials. Our near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) setup is equipped with a tricolor x-ray source, with Al Kα, Ag Lα, and Cr Kα excitation energies, enabling information depth–selective operando and in situ analysis of solid-liquid, solid-gas, and solid-solid interfaces. We present three case studies to demonstrate the systems’ capabilities. First, we compare experimental depth profiling of a LaMnO 3 /LaFeO 3 /Nb:SrTiO 3 multilayer with SESSA (simulation of electron spectra for surface analysis) simulations. Second, we examine the oxidation and reduction of Fe x O y as a function of environment and temperature. Last, the Pt/liquid electrolyte interface is examined, revealing surface oxidation in the absence of bulk oxidation. As our results confirm, the unique combination of a NAP-XPS with the tricolor x-ray source empowers laboratory-based in situ and operando XPS characterization of advanced materials under reaction conditions in a wide range of applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Iris C. G. van den Bosch and Jahid Uz Zaman and Genrikh Shterk and Mai Hussein Hamed and Michael Schneider and Vadim Ratovskii and Yibin Bu and Paul M. Dietrich and Gertjan Koster and Christoph Baeumer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6673}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw6673}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Laboratory-based in situ and operando tricolor x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Supramolecular bending and twisting in the hierarchical self-assembly of monodisperse mesogenic oligomers. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw5327. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how different forms of supramolecular curvature arise during assembly is crucial to designing and tuning the microstructure of hierarchically self-assembled materials. Here, we show that in crystalline phases of mesogenic oligomers, the oligomer length is a critical parameter that determines the type of curvature (Gaussian or cylindrical) exhibited by the self-assembled structures. We use iterative exponential growth to synthesize monodisperse mesogenic oligomers ranging from dimer to octamer. By analyzing their phase behavior and microstructure, we elucidate how length-dependent thermodynamic and kinetic effects tune their hierarchical degree of ordering. The oligomers’ length-dependent crystalline order drives the formation of scrolled sheets in shorter oligomers and twisted ribbons in longer oligomers. These studies highlight how oligomer length interplays with mesogen geometry and crystalline packing to drive self-assembly, introducing oligomer length as a powerful design parameter toward tailored applications of mesogenic systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chun Lam Clement Chan and Emily C. Ostermann and Shawn M. Maguire and Zachary Schmidt and Jacob S. Votava and Patryk Wąsik and Michael A. Webb and Emily C. Davidson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5327}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw5327}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Supramolecular bending and twisting in the hierarchical self-assembly of monodisperse mesogenic oligomers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Using cyclic hadamard masks for single-pixel quantum imaging under entangled photon illumination. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4799. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum imaging, operating at extremely low photon flux and accommodating nondegenerate imaging wavelengths, offers a unique approach for imaging light-sensitive structures. Conventional quantum imaging systems often require costly intensified charge-coupled devices together with complex delay line and triggering electronics, limiting broader applications. In this work, we propose an approach for quantum imaging that uses a simple rotating mask coded with cyclic Hadamard patterns, together with single-pixel detectors, eliminating the need for the abovementioned specialized devices. Single-pixel quantum imaging with a resolution of 41 pixels by 43 pixels is performed, and its noise-resistant performance is further studied with an improved gate time of 1 nanosecond using time-correlated single-photon counting. An imaging speed up to 2 frames per second can be achieved, corresponding to a spatial modulation rate of 3.8 kilohertz. Furthermore, quantum ghost imaging with the object and the mask modulation in separate beams is also demonstrated, showing the potential of our system for high-speed, low-cost, and noise-resistant quantum imaging applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuhang Bie and Xiaoxi Tong and Ziyang Lv and Hanyu Ye and Tun Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4799}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4799}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Using cyclic hadamard masks for single-pixel quantum imaging under entangled photon illumination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reticular thalamic hyperexcitability drives autism spectrum disorder behaviors in the cntnap2 model of autism. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and comorbidities such as sensory abnormalities, sleep disturbances, and seizures. Although thalamocortical circuit dysfunction has been implicated in these symptoms, its precise roles in ASD pathophysiology remain poorly understood. Here, we examine the specific contribution of the reticular thalamic nucleus (RT), a key modulator of thalamocortical activity, to ASD-related behavioral deficits using a Cntnap2 knockout mouse model. Cntnap2 −/− mice displayed increased seizure susceptibility, locomotor activity, and repetitive behaviors. Electrophysiological recordings revealed enhanced intrathalamic oscillations and burst firing in RT neurons, accompanied by elevated T-type calcium currents. In vivo fiber photometry confirmed behavior-associated increases in RT population activity. Notably, pharmacological and chemogenetic suppression of RT excitability via Z944, a T-type calcium channel blocker, and via C21 activation of the inhibitory DREADD hM4Di significantly improved ASD-related behaviors. These findings identify RT hyperexcitability as a mechanistic driver of ASD and highlight RT as a potential therapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sung-Soo Jang and Fuga Takahashi and John R. Huguenard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reticular thalamic hyperexcitability drives autism spectrum disorder behaviors in the cntnap2 model of autism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NtLLG4-mediated unconventional polar exocytosis of NtPPME1 coordinates cell wall rigidity and membrane dynamics to control pollen tube integrity. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4550. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plant fertilization relies on controlled pollen tube growth that integrates membrane dynamics and cell wall expansion. We previously identified an unconventional exocytic pathway wherein Golgi-derived secretory vesicles (GDSVs) bypass the trans-Golgi network to deliver Nicotiana tabacum pectin methylesterase 1 (NtPPME1), thereby modulating cell wall rigidity. However, the mechanisms linking this pathway with membrane dynamics and signaling remain elusive. Here, we used cryo–focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional tomography to identified GDSVs as a distinct vesicle population at the pollen tube tip. We further demonstrated that tobacco LORELEI-like glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein 4 (NtLLG4), a key signaling molecule controlling membrane dynamics and integrity, functions as a receptor for NtPPME1, regulating its polar exocytosis via GDSVs to control cell wall stiffness. Furthermore, we identified trafficking signals that direct the unconventional exocytosis of NtPPME1 across intracellular organelles. Our findings reveal a crucial mechanism coupling cell wall rigidity with membrane signaling to control pollen tube growth and integrity during fertilization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xun Weng and Hao Wang (王昊) and Yifeng Jiang and Ziheng Wang and Zhiheng Chen and Chuanhao Liu and Zhiyuan Yang and Jiayang Gao and Liwen Jiang and Lifeng Zhao and Jilei Huang and Feng Zhang and Hao Wang (王浩)}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4550}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4550}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NtLLG4-mediated unconventional polar exocytosis of NtPPME1 coordinates cell wall rigidity and membrane dynamics to control pollen tube integrity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massive extended streamers feed high-mass young stars. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4512. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stars are born in a variety of environments that determine how they gather gas to achieve their final masses. It is generally believed that disks are ubiquitous around protostars as a result of angular momentum conservation and are natural places to grow planets. As such, they are proposed to be the last link in the inflow chain from the molecular cloud to the star. However, disks are not the only form that inflows can take. Here, we report on high-resolution observations performed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array that reveal inflows in the form of streamers. These streamers persist well within the expected disk radius, indicating that they play a substitute role channeling material from the envelope directly to an unresolved small disk or even directly to the forming high-mass protostar. These flows are massive enough to feed the central unresolved region at a rate suf ficient to quench the feedback effects of the young massive star.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fernando A. Olguin and Patricio Sanhueza and Adam Ginsburg and Huei-Ru Vivien Chen and Kei E. I. Tanaka and Xing Lu and Kaho Morii and Fumitaka Nakamura and Shanghuo Li and Yu Cheng and Qizhou Zhang and Qiuyi Luo and Yoko Oya and Takeshi Sakai and Masao Saito and Andrés E. Guzmán}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4512}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4512}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massive extended streamers feed high-mass young stars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cryo–light microscopy with angstrom precision deciphers structural conformations of PIEZO1 in its native state. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4402. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Investigations based on cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM), atomic force microscopy, and super-resolution microscopy reveal a symmetric trimer with propeller-like blades for the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO. However, a conclusive understanding of its conformations in the cell membrane is lacking. Here, we implement a high-vacuum cryogenic shuttle to transfer shock-frozen cell membranes in and out of a cryostat designed for single-particle cryo–light microscopy (spCryo-LM). By localizing fluorescent labels placed at the extremities of the blades of the mouse PIEZO1 protein in unroofed cell membranes, we ascertain three configurations with radii of 6, 12, and 20 nanometers as projected onto the membrane plane. We elaborate on the correspondence of these data with previous reports in the literature. The combination of spCryo-LM with cryo-EM promises to provide quantitative insights into the structure and function of biomolecular complexes in their native environments without the need for chemical fixation or protein isolation, ushering in a new regime of correlative studies in structural biology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hisham Mazal and Franz-Ferdinand Wieser and Daniel Bollschweiler and Alexandra Schambony and Vahid Sandoghdar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4402}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4402}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cryo–light microscopy with angstrom precision deciphers structural conformations of PIEZO1 in its native state}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Redox conduction facilitates direct interspecies electron transport in anaerobic methanotrophic consortia. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw4289. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) form syntrophic partnerships in marine sediments to consume greenhouse gas methane. While direct interspecies electron transport is proposed to enable ANME/SRB symbiosis, its electrochemical properties remain uncharacterized. Here, using sediment-free enrichment cultures, we measured the electron transport capabilities of marine consortia under physiological conditions. Diverse ANME/SRB consortia exhibited high dry conductance close to electrogenic biofilms. This conductance diminished upon exposure to heat or oxygen but was preserved following paraformaldehyde fixation, indicating a biomolecular origin for this electric charge transfer. Cyclic voltammetry revealed redox activity centered at 28 ± 11, 94 ± 6, and 24 ± 7 millivolts for ANME-1/ Desulfofervidus , ANME-2a/Seep-SRB1, and ANME-2a+2c/Seep-SRB1+2 consortia, respectively. Generator-collector measurements further demonstrated that these redox components facilitate electron transport over micrometer-scale distances, sufficient to link archaeal and bacterial partners. Collectively, our results establish that marine ANME/SRB symbiosis uses redox conduction, consistent with multiheme cytochrome c , for direct interspecies electron transport.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hang Yu and Shuai Xu and Yamini Jangir and Gunter Wegener and Victoria J. Orphan and Mohamed Y. El-Naggar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4289}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw4289}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Redox conduction facilitates direct interspecies electron transport in anaerobic methanotrophic consortia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reverse control of biological networks to restore phenotype landscapes. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw3995. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological systems consist of genetic elements and their regulatory interactions, forming networks that maintain life. However, accumulated alterations such as DNA damage can distort biological behavior, leading to undesirable responses to stimulus. This raises the question of whether we can restore their nominal stimulus-response relationships. Current control approaches tend to enforce a single desired response rather than restore the proper capacity for variable responses to different stimulus. Here, we present an algebraic reverse control (ARC) framework for reversion of altered biological networks. ARC leverages matrix operations to quantify the phenotype landscape of the altered network and identifies reverse control targets for recovering the phenotype landscape of a nominal network. ARC is scalable to large Boolean networks and identifies effective control targets to restore biological behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Insoo Jung and Corbin Hopper and Seong-Hoon Jang and Hyunsoo Yeo and Kwang-Hyun Cho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3995}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw3995}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reverse control of biological networks to restore phenotype landscapes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RPA1 protects DNA damage–induced PANoptosis in limb development. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw2756. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extensive cell proliferation during embryogenesis often compromises genome integrity, increasing the risk of developmental defects. However, the mechanisms that safeguard genome integrity during this process remain poorly understood. Using early limb development as a model, we identify that DNA damage response factors are up-regulated in proliferating mesenchymal stem cells. Conditional knockout of Rpa1 , a representative DNA damage response factor, in early limb bud mesenchyme results in the near-total absence of forelimbs and severely underdeveloped hindlimbs. Mechanistically, Rpa1 deletion leads to extensive DNA damage and activates the cGAS-STING pathway, driving transcription of Zbp1 . Rpa1 deletion also leads to accumulation of Z-DNA bound by ZBP1, triggering the full activation of ZBP1 and subsequent mesenchymal stem cell death through PANoptosis. Our study reveals RPA1 as a vital protector of genomic stability during limb development and underscores ZBP1-dependent PANoptosis as a key pathway for eliminating cells with excessive DNA damage during embryonic development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Yin and Shuanglin Peng and Zhong Zhang and Shuang Jiang and Xuan Li and Denghao Huang and Yang Li and Jian Zhou and Jingang Xiao and Ling Ye and Yuxin Yin and Quan Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2756}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw2756}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RPA1 protects DNA damage–induced PANoptosis in limb development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Floquet optical selection rules in black phosphorus. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw2744. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical selection rules endorsed by symmetry are crucial for understanding the optical properties of quantum materials and the associated ultrafast spectral phenomena. Here, we introduce momentum-resolved Floquet optical selection rules using group theory to elucidate the pump-probe photoemission spectral distributions of monolayer black phosphorus (BP), which are governed by the symmetries of both the material and the lasers. Using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), we further investigate the dynamical evolution of Floquet(-Volkov) states in the photoemission spectra of monolayer BP, revealing their spectral weights at specific momenta for each sideband. These observations are comprehensively explained by the proposed Floquet optical selection rules. Our framework not only clarifies experimental photoemission spectra but also uncovers unexplored characteristics under different pump-probe configurations. Our results are expected to deepen the understanding of light-induced ultrafast spectra in BP and can be extended to other Floquet systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Benshu Fan and Umberto De Giovannini and Hannes Hübener and Shuyun Zhou and Wenhui Duan and Angel Rubio and Peizhe Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2744}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw2744}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Floquet optical selection rules in black phosphorus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient termination of transcription by RNA polymerase i requires a conserved hairpin of the ribosomal RNA precursor. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw2470. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {RNA polymerase I (Pol I) synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursor (pre-rRNA), which comprises most of RNA in eukaryotic cells. Despite decades of investigation, there is still no consensus on what causes Pol I transcription termination. Here, we show that efficient termination by Pol I, paused by termination roadblock protein, is caused by RNA hairpin of the nascent pre-rRNA. Hairpin-dependent termination takes place at a physiological rate and does not require trans-acting factors. The function of the roadblock protein and the T-rich sequence is to synergistically cause deep backtracking of Pol I toward the termination RNA hairpin. Simultaneously, Pol I is catalytically inactivated, preventing rescue from backtracking through RNA cleavage and thus committing Pol I to termination. Termination RNA hairpins are present in most of Pol I terminators of eukaryotes, suggesting conservation of the RNA hairpin–dependent mechanism of Pol I transcription termination. We propose a simple model that unifies previous findings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Soren Nielsen and Nikolay Zenkin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2470}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw2470}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient termination of transcription by RNA polymerase i requires a conserved hairpin of the ribosomal RNA precursor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Regulation of feather length: FGF/IGF signaling and NOTCH/YAP modulation of progenitor cell topology. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw2382. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The regulation of organ size is a fundamental biological question. This study investigates how feather length is regulated in chickens. We found that collar bulge stem cell zones vary in size: main sickle > lesser sickle > contour feathers. During growth, IGF and FGF9 signaling are highly expressed, while BMP , WIF1 , and FGF18 increase toward growth termination. Functional assays show that insulin-like growth factor/fibroblast growth factor signaling promotes feather elongation via tyrosine kinase receptor signaling. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals accelerated differentiation of keratinocytes in short contour feathers compared to long sickle feathers. In Phoenix chickens, superlong main sickle feathers exhibit specialized stem cell zones with enhanced DLL1 expression and expanded intermediate-layer cell clusters with dynamic interactions involving NOTCH1 / DLL1 , YAP1 , and WNT signaling in progenitor zones in the proximal follicle. Perturbation experiments induce short feather phenotypes arrested at various stages, shedding light on versatile regulatory mechanisms and paving the way for functional control of diverse feather lengths.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ping Wu and Federico Bocci and Christian F. Guerrero-Juarez and Chih-Kuan Chen and George Wang and Tzu-Yu Liu and Jiayi Lu and Shu-Man Hsieh Li and Yung-Chih Lai and Ting-Xin Jiang and Randall B. Widelitz and Ming-Xing Lei and Arthur D. Lander and Qing Nie and Cheng-Ming Chuong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2382}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw2382}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Regulation of feather length: FGF/IGF signaling and NOTCH/YAP modulation of progenitor cell topology}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanistic insights into TTLL11 polyglutamylase–mediated primary tubulin chain elongation. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw1561. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microtubules (MTs) undergo diverse posttranslational modifications that regulate their structural and functional properties. Among these, polyglutamylation—a dominant and conserved modification targeting unstructured tubulin C-terminal tails—plays a pivotal role in defining the tubulin code. Here, we describe a mechanism by which tubulin tyrosine ligase–like 11 (TTLL11) expands and diversifies the code. Cryo–electron microscopy revealed a unique bipartite MT recognition strategy wherein TTLL11 binding and catalytic domains engage adjacent MT protofilaments. Biochemical and cellular assays identified previously uncharacterized polyglutamylation patterns, showing that TTLL11 directly extends the primary polypeptide chains of α- and β-tubulin in vitro, challenging the prevailing paradigms emphasizing lateral branching. Moreover, cell-based and in vivo data suggest a cross-talk between polyglutamylation and the detyrosination/tyrosination cycle likely linked to the TTLL11-mediated elongation of the primary α-tubulin chain. These findings unveil an unrecognized layer of complexity within the tubulin code and offer mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of functional specialization of MT cytoskeleton.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jana Campbell and Miroslava Vosahlikova and Samar Ismail and Margareta Volnikova and Lucia Motlova and Julia Kudlacova and Kseniya Ustinova and Ivan Snajdr and Zora Novakova and Miroslav Basta and Irina Gutsche and Marie-Jo Moutin and Ambroise Desfosses and Cyril Barinka}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1561}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw1561}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanistic insights into TTLL11 polyglutamylase–mediated primary tubulin chain elongation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bayesian learning-assisted catalyst discovery for efficient iridium utilization in electrochemical water splitting. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw0894. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reducing noble metal dependence in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is essential for achieving sustainable and scalable green hydrogen production. Bimetallic oxides, with their potential for high catalytic performance and reduced noble metal content, represent promising alternatives to traditional IrO 2 -based OER catalysts. However, optimizing these materials remains challenging due to the complex interplay of elemental selection, composition, and chemical ordering. In this study, we integrate density functional theory (DFT) calculations with Bayesian learning to accelerate the discovery of high-performance, low-Ir bimetallic oxides, identifying surface Ir-doped TiO 2 as an optimal catalyst. Guided by theoretically optimized surface compositions and oxygen vacancies, we synthesized atomically dispersed Ir on TiO 2 , achieving a 23-fold increase in Ir mass-specific activity and a 115-millivolt reduction in overpotential compared to commercial IrO 2 . This work exemplifies a sustainable, data-driven pathway for electrocatalyst design that minimizes noble metal usage while maximizing efficiency, advancing scalable solutions in renewable energy and hydrogen production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiangfu Niu and Yanjun Chen and Mingze Sun and Satoshi Nagao and Yuki Aoki and Zhiqiang Niu and Liang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0894}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw0894}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bayesian learning-assisted catalyst discovery for efficient iridium utilization in electrochemical water splitting}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale complementary carbon nanotube integrated circuits for harsh radiation environments. SCIADV, 11(34), eadw0024. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Silicon-based integrated circuits operating in radiation environments require additional and complex hardening configurations, leading to performance lags compared to the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their ultrastrong chemical bonds and nanoscale dimensions, offer substantial potential for high-performance, radiation-tolerant electronics. However, the challenges associated with radiation-tolerant fabrication processes have hindered the development of macroelectronics using complementary CNT transistors (CNTFETs). In this study, we successfully fabricated radiation-tolerant, highly symmetric, and uniform CMOS building blocks, implementing various logic gates (inverters, NAND, and XOR gates) and ring oscillators (ROs) with 5, 11, and 501 stages. After irradiation up to 6 Mrad(Si), all devices maintained rail-to-rail outputs, and notably, the 501-stage RO, comprising 1004 CNTFETs, showed minimal delay variation (10.3 ± 0.8 ns). This work demonstrates the radiation-tolerant of large-scale CNTFETs, paving the way for their potential replacement of silicon-based FETs in radiation-heavy environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ke Zhang and Daming Zhou and Ningfei Gao and Jiahao Zhang and Zhongzhen Tong and Jibo Zhao and Peng Liu and Xinhe Wang and Xiaoyang Lin and Haitao Xu and Lian-Mao Peng and Weisheng Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0024}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadw0024}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale complementary carbon nanotube integrated circuits for harsh radiation environments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The source and thermal driver of young (<3.0 ga) lunar volcanism. SCIADV, 11(34), eadv9085. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The thermal mechanism that drives the prolonged volcanism on the Moon, especially after the major pulse of Imbrian-aged eruptions, remains unknown. Here, we present a petrological and geochemical study of two types of young farside mare basalts, the ~2.8–billion year (Ga) low-Ti and ~2.9-Ga very-low-Ti basalts, collected during the Chang’e-6 mission. The results of our study show that these basalts have pyroxenitic sources and originate from a depth of ~60 to 80 kilometers and ~120 kilometers, respectively. The depth of their source that became progressively shallower over time, combined with thermal modeling results, suggests that magmatic underplating beneath the ilmenite-bearing cumulate (IBC) that escaped the mantle overturn phase could be a thermal driver for the young lunar magmatism. Global remote-sensing investigations further reveal different TiO 2 contents between young basalts from each side of the Moon, attributable to asymmetric composition and thickness of the IBC in the uppermost mantle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengyuan Wang and Yuqi Qian and Jintuan Wang and Liang Liu and Le Zhang and Zhiming Chen and Jingyou Chen and Guanhong Zhu and Xianglin Tu and Zexian Cui and Qing Yang and Yan-Qiang Zhang and Pengli He and Yonghua Cao and Haiyang Xian and James W. HeadIII and Yi-Gang Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9085}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadv9085}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The source and thermal driver of young (<3.0 ga) lunar volcanism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Size-dependent temporal decoupling of morphogenesis and transcriptional programs in pseudoembryos. SCIADV, 11(34), eadv7790. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the interplay between cell fate specification and morphogenetic changes remains a challenge in developmental biology. Gastruloids, stem cell models of postimplantation mammalian development, provide a platform to address this question. Here, using quantitative live imaging and transcriptomic profiling, we show that physical parameters, particularly system size, affect morphogenetic timing and outcomes. Larger gastruloids exhibit delayed symmetry breaking, increased multipolarity, and prolonged axial elongation, with morphogenesis driven by size. Despite these variations, transcriptional programs and cell fate composition remain stable across a broad size range, illustrating the scaling of gene expression domains. In particular, extreme sizes show distinct transcriptional modules and shifts in gene expression patterns. Size perturbation experiments rescued the morphogenetic and pattern phenotypes observed in extreme sizes, demonstrating the adaptability of gastruloids to their effective system size. These findings position gastruloids as versatile models for dissecting spatiotemporal coordination in mammalian development and reveal how physical constraints can decouple gene expression programs from morphogenetic progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Isma Bennabi and Pauline Hansen and Melody Merle and Judith Pineau and Lucille Lopez-Delisle and Dominique Kolly and Denis Duboule and Alexandre Mayran and Thomas Gregor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7790}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadv7790}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Size-dependent temporal decoupling of morphogenesis and transcriptional programs in pseudoembryos}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AKR1B10 dictates c-myc stability to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis via PP2A nitration. SCIADV, 11(34), eadv6937. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolic enzymes, critical for cellular homeostasis, are frequently co-opted in a disease-specific manner to drive cancer progression. Here, we identify aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10), down-regulated in gastrointestinal cancers, as a pivotal metastasis suppressor correlating with improved colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis. Mechanistically, AKR1B10 activates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) by preventing redox-regulated nitration of its B56α subunit, preserving holoenzyme assembly and enabling c-Myc dephosphorylation at serine-62. Loss of AKR1B10 disrupts this pathway, stabilizing c-Myc, which drives integrin signaling and metastatic dissemination in CRC. We further demonstrate that lysine-125 of AKR1B10 is essential for its interaction with PP2A-Cα and B56α nitration, thereby attenuating CRC metastatic aggressiveness. Pharmacological restoration of PP2A activity effectively mitigates metastasis associated with AKR1B10 loss. In addition, c-Myc transcriptionally represses AKR1B10, establishing a feedback loop that sustains its down-regulation and enhances metastatic progression. This study uncovers an antimetastatic mechanism involving AKR1B10-mediated PP2A activation and highlights its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoxue Wu and Shaoqing Huang and Jialing Gao and Shuting Huang and Lulu Chen and Ziyi Zhao and Ruihan Pu and Xiaojing Ma and Xianzhi Liu and Weiling He and Mei Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6937}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadv6937}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AKR1B10 dictates c-myc stability to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis via PP2A nitration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multi-isotope biographies and identities of victims of martial victory celebrations in neolithic europe. SCIADV, 11(34), eadv3162. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Skeletons showing multiple instances of unhealed trauma and isolated skeletal segments of severed left upper limbs have been documented in the Neolithic sites of Achenheim and Bergheim (northeastern France, approximately 4300 to 4150 cal BCE), providing tantalizing evidence of war-related practices of overkill, mutilation, and/or trophy taking. Here, we conduct an innovative multi-isotope reconstruction of the biographies of the “victims” and other individuals from the region that were given normative funerary treatments (nonvictims). A total of 82 humans are analyzed, together with 53 animals and 35 modern plants to establish regional isotope baselines. Results show statistically significant isotopic differences between victims and nonvictims and suggest that the former were members of invading groups brutally killed, perhaps exposed and deposited in pits—together with trophies in the form of severed upper limbs—by local groups in what might be one of the earliest well-documented instances of martial victory celebrations in prehistoric Europe.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Teresa Fernández-Crespo and Christophe Snoeck and Javier Ordoño and Philippe Lefranc and Bertrand Perrin and Fanny Chenal and Hélène Barrand-Emam and Rick J. Schulting and Gwenaëlle Goude}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3162}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadv3162}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multi-isotope biographies and identities of victims of martial victory celebrations in neolithic europe}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Scalable metasurface-enhanced supercool cement. SCIADV, 11(34), eadv2820. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Structural materials with the capability for passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) show promise for the sustainable cooling of buildings. However, developing durable PDRC structural materials with optical robustness, ease of deployment, and scalability remain a challenge for civil engineering applications. We synthesized a metasurface-enhanced cooling cement using a universal, scalable pressure-driven fabrication strategy during a low-carbon production process. The self-assembly of multiple-sized reflective ettringites as main hydration products toward the metasurface, coupled with hierarchical pores, guaranteed high solar reflectance (96.2%), whereas raw materials containing alumina- and sulfur-rich function groups leveraged inherent mid-infrared emissivity (96.0%). This photonic-architectured cement achieved a temperature drop of 5.4°C during midday conditions with a solar intensity of 850 watts per square meter. This supercool cement featured intrinsic high strength, armored abrasive resistance, and optical stability, even when exposed to harsh conditions, such as corrosive liquids, ultraviolet radiation, and freeze-thaw cycles. A machine learning–guided life-cycle assessment indicated its potential to achieve a net-negative carbon emission profile.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guo Lu and Fengyin Du and Zhen Wang and Feilong Wu and Wenqiang Zuo and Xiaohang Xu and Zhangyu Wu and Chang Liu and Ruizhe Yang and Yanpei Tian and Zhangli Hu and Dongliang Zhao and Chenyue Guo and Tian Li and Wei She and Changwen Miao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2820}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadv2820}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Scalable metasurface-enhanced supercool cement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elusive effects of legalized wolf hunting on human-wolf interactions. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu8945. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expanding gray wolf ( Canis lupus ) populations in Europe and North America contribute to increased risks of livestock predation, which can threaten human livelihoods and lead government agencies to target wolves for lethal removal. Public wolf hunting is a highly contentious strategy for mitigating these risks, yet few empirical studies examine its effectiveness in doing so. Using difference-in-differences and structural equation modeling of data from the northwestern US between 2005 and 2021, we analyzed impacts of wolf hunting on livestock predation by wolves and government removal of wolves in the same year and with a 1-year time lag while controlling for social and environmental variables. We found that public wolf hunting had a small negative effect on livestock predation but had no effect on government lethal removal of wolves in the same or subsequent years. Our findings challenge the assumption that wolf hunting is an effective management strategy for reducing livestock predation and lethal removal.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Leandra M. Merz and Bernhard Clemm von Hohenberg and Nicolas T. Bergmann and Jeremy T. Bruskotter and Neil H. Carter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8945}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu8945}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elusive effects of legalized wolf hunting on human-wolf interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization in a ferrimagnetic insulator with spin reorientation transition. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu7725. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Writing magnetic bits through spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching is promising for fast and efficient magnetic random-access memory devices. While SOT switching of out-of-plane (OOP) magnetized states requires lateral symmetry breaking, in-plane (IP) magnetized states suffer from low storage density. Here, we demonstrate a field-free switching scheme using a 5-nanometer europium iron garnet film grown with a (110) orientation that shows a spin reorientation transition from OOP to IP above room temperature. This scheme combines the benefits of high-density storage in the OOP states at room temperature and the efficient field-free SOT switching in the IP states at elevated temperatures. While conventional switching of OOP bits faces the dilemma that high OOP anisotropy is required to improve bit stability and low OOP anisotropy is required to lower switching current density, this scheme disentangles this interdependence, allowing for low switching currents to be possible without sacrificing the bit stability, offering opportunities for future memory devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yixuan Song and Thanh Nguyen and Mingda Li and Caroline A. Ross and Geoffrey S. D. Beach}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7725}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu7725}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization in a ferrimagnetic insulator with spin reorientation transition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tandem repeat–induced sexual silencing: A rid-dependent RNAi mechanism for fungal genome defense via translational repression. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu7606. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Eukaryotes have evolved defense systems to protect their genomes from invasive genetic elements. We report a fungal defense mechanism, tandem repeat–induced sexual silencing (TRISS), active during sexual stages. TRISS is a unique RNA interference (RNAi) pathway distinct from known mechanisms like quelling and meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD). Triggered by tandem repeats, it involves RNAi components similar to quelling but uniquely includes the MSUD-specific Argonaute Sms2. TRISS operates independently of recombination. We identified small interfering RNA sassociated with TRISS (trasiRNAs) in tandem repeats. Sms2, guided by trasiRNAs, mediates translational repression of target mRNAs and is crucial for trasiRNA biogenesis. TRISS requires the DNA methyltransferase Rid but not Rid-mediated repeat-induced point mutation (RIP). Both Sms2 and Rid interact with replication protein A (RPA) to recruit the RPA-Qde1/RdRP complex, dependent on the helicase Qde3. This study reveals a potentially conserved strategy linking RIP and RNAi to silence tandem repeats during fungal sexual stages, offering insights into fungal genome defense.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mengde Hou and Yajia Ni and Jinrong Yin and Mengchun Wu and Helan Zhang and Yanfei Du and Shasha Chen and Zhipeng Zhou and Cong Jiang and Qinhu Wang and Huiquan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7606}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu7606}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tandem repeat–induced sexual silencing: A rid-dependent RNAi mechanism for fungal genome defense via translational repression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coupling between ion transport and electronic properties in individual carbon nanotubes. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu7410. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbon nanomaterials exhibit unique electrokinetic phenomena due to rapid ion transport within the Debye layer, which have been exploited for energy conversion, membrane technology, and liquid lubrication. The electronic properties of solids have been found to influence water permeation and proton transport; however, their effect on ion transport has not been observed. Here, we present an experimental investigation of ion transport in individual double-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of both semiconducting and metallic nature. Systematic measurements show that conductance, streaming current, and osmotic current are larger in semiconducting tubes than in metallic ones. Together with a complete theoretical framework, we found that such behavior is caused by the smaller liquid-solid friction with the same surface charge density for the semiconducting system. As fast ion transport is the key element for efficient energy conversion, in CNTs, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency with ions is two orders of magnitude larger than with electrons, showing the supremacy of ions to recover the waste heat.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guandong Cui and Zhi Xu and Shuchen Zhang and Alessandro Siria and Ming Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7410}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu7410}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coupling between ion transport and electronic properties in individual carbon nanotubes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bayesian reconstruction of rapidly scanned mid-infrared optoacoustic signals enables fast, label-free chemical microscopy. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu7319. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hyperspectral optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) enables obtaining images with label-free biomolecular contrast, offering excellent perspectives as a diagnostic tool to assess freshly excised and unprocessed biological samples. However, time-consuming raster scanning image formation currently limits the translation potential of OAM into the clinical setting, for instance, in intraoperative histopathological assessments, where micrographs of excised tissue need to be taken within a few minutes for fast clinical decision-making. Here, we present a non–data-driven computational framework tailored to enable fast OAM by rapid data acquisition and model-based image reconstruction, termed Bayesian raster-computed optoacoustic microscopy (BayROM). Unlike data-driven approaches, BayROM does not require training datasets, but instead, it uses probabilistic model-based reconstruction to facilitate fast high-resolution imaging. We show that BayROM enables acquiring micrographs 10 times faster on average than conventional raster scanning microscopy and provides sufficient image quality to facilitate the intraoperative histological assessment of processed fat grafts for autologous fat transfer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Constantin Berger and Myeongseop Kim and Lukas Scheel-Platz and Andreas Eigenberger and Lukas Prantl and Panhang Liu and Vipul Gujrati and Vasilis Ntziachristos and Dominik Jüstel and Miguel A. Pleitez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7319}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu7319}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bayesian reconstruction of rapidly scanned mid-infrared optoacoustic signals enables fast, label-free chemical microscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An imminent return to drought in the western sahel?. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu5415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the 1970s and 1980s, the semi-arid Sahel, the southern edge of the Sahara Desert, experienced spatially uniform drought, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea. The recovery that ensued is projected to continue in the center and east, leaving the west out. We show that these two patterns—uniform variation and east-west contrast—are present in instrumental observations and in simulations with constant or time-varying external forcing. Uniform variation is amplified by 20th century external forcing, while a global warming–induced strengthening of the monsoon seeds the east-west contrast. This contrast is deepened by a mid-21st century transition to a North Atlantic cooling relative to the global tropical oceans, which affects the western Sahel most strongly because it is immediately adjacent to the North Atlantic, leading to a divergence in outcomes—between a progressively wetter central and eastern Sahel and an abruptly drier western Sahel—that is unparalleled in instrumental observations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dahirou Wane and Alessandra Giannini and Alexey Kaplan and Amadou T. Gaye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu5415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An imminent return to drought in the western sahel?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolism-dependent succinylation governs resource allocation for antibiotic resistance. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu2856. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanisms that organisms allocate resources to sustain biological phenotypes remain largely unknown. Here, we use mobilized colistin resistance ( mcr-1 ), which modifies lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to confer colistin resistance, as a model to explore how bacteria reallocate resources to support mcr-1 –mediated resistance. We show that bacteria redirect resources from glycolysis, the pyruvate cycle, and LPS biosynthesis toward glycerophospholipid metabolism to produce phosphatidylethanolamine, the substrate for mcr-1 to modify LPS, while reducing LPS content to limit colistin binding. This reallocation down-regulates succinyl–coenzyme A (CoA) to diminish succinylation of proteins including triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), CpxR, and PdhR, thereby sustaining resistance. Exogenous succinate or α-ketoglutarate restores succinylation in a succinyl-CoA–dependent manner. Succinylation of TPI redirects metabolic flux to glycolysis and the pyruvate cycle, while succinylation of CpxR and PdhR up-regulates LPS biosynthesis, ultimately attenuating colistin resistance. Thus, we reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism by which bacteria regulate resource allocation through metabolism-driven posttranslational protein modification, offering strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jia-han Wu and Xuan-wei Chen and Ying-li Liu and Jia-yao Wu and Zhuang-gui Chen and Bo Peng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2856}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu2856}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolism-dependent succinylation governs resource allocation for antibiotic resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Understanding monocyte-driven neuroinflammation in alzheimer’s disease using human cortical organoid microphysiological systems. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu2708. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increasing evidence strongly links neuroinflammation to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Peripheral monocytes are crucial components of the human immune system, but their contribution to AD pathogenesis is still largely understudied partially due to limited human models. Here, we introduce human cortical organoid microphysiological systems (hCO-MPSs) to study AD monocyte-mediated neuroinflammation. By culturing doughnut-shape organoids on 3D-printed devices within standard 96-well plates, we generate hCO-MPSs with reduced necrosis, minimized hypoxia, and improved viability. Using these models, we found that monocytes from AD patients exhibit increased infiltration ability, decreased amyloid-β clearance capacity, and stronger inflammatory response than monocytes from age-matched control donors. Moreover, we observed that AD monocytes induce pro-inflammatory effects such as elevated astrocyte activation and neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, the marked increase in IL1B and CCL3 expression underscores their pivotal role in AD monocyte-mediated neuroinflammation. Our findings provide insight into understanding monocytes’ role in AD pathogenesis, and our lab-compatible MPS models may offer a promising way for studying various neuroinflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chunhui Tian and Zheng Ao and Jonas Cerneckis and Hongwei Cai and Lei Chen and Hengyao Niu and Kazuo Takayama and Jungsu Kim and Yanhong Shi and Mingxia Gu and Takahisa Kanekiyo and Feng Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2708}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu2708}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Understanding monocyte-driven neuroinflammation in alzheimer’s disease using human cortical organoid microphysiological systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The health burden and racial-ethnic disparities of air pollution from the major oil and gas lifecycle stages in the united states. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu2241. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The United States has one of the world’s largest oil and gas (O&G) industries, yet the health impacts and inequities from pollutants produced along the O&G lifecycle remain poorly characterized. Here, we model the contribution of major lifecycle stages (upstream, midstream, downstream, and end-use) to air pollution and estimate the associated chronic health outcomes and racial-ethnic disparities across the contiguous US in 2017. We estimate lifecycle annual burdens of 91,000 premature deaths attributable to fine particles (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone, 10,350 PM 2.5 -attributable preterm births, 216,000 incidences of NO 2 -attributable childhood-onset asthma, and 1610 lifetime cancers attributable to hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Racial-ethnic minorities experience the greatest disparities in exposure and health burdens across almost all lifecycle stages. The greatest absolute disparities occur for Black and Asian populations from PM 2.5 and ozone, and the Asian population from NO 2 and HAPs. Relative inequities are most extreme from downstream activities, especially in Louisiana and Texas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Karn Vohra and Eloise A. Marais and Ploy Achakulwisut and Susan Anenberg and Colin Harkins}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2241}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu2241}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The health burden and racial-ethnic disparities of air pollution from the major oil and gas lifecycle stages in the united states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Correlation between unconventional superconductivity and strange metallicity revealed by operando superfluid density measurements. SCIADV, 11(34), eadu0795. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Strange-metal behavior has been observed in superconductors ranging from cuprates to pressurized nickelates, but its relationship to unconventional superconductivity remains elusive. Here, we perform operando superfluid density measurements on ion-gated FeSe films. We observe a synchronized evolution of the superconducting condensate and the strange-metal phase with electron doping, from which a linear scaling between zero-temperature superfluid density and strange-metal resistivity coefficient is further established. The scaling also applies to different iron-based and cuprate superconductors despite their distinct electronic structures and pairing symmetries. Such a correlation can be reproduced in a theoretical calculation on the two-dimensional Yukawa-Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model by considering a cooperative effect of quantum critical fluctuation and disorder. These findings suggest that a common mechanism may govern both the Cooper pair condensation and the normal-state strange metallicity in unconventional superconductors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruozhou Zhang and Mingyang Qin and Chenyuan Li and Zhanyi Zhao and Zhongxu Wei and Juan Xu and Xingyu Jiang and Wenxin Cheng and Qiuyan Shi and Xuewei Wang and Jie Yuan and Yangmu Li and Qihong Chen and Tao Xiang and Subir Sachdev and Zi-Xiang Li and Kui Jin and Zhongxian Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0795}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadu0795}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Correlation between unconventional superconductivity and strange metallicity revealed by operando superfluid density measurements}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microbiota metabolite taurodeoxycholic acid maintains intestinal tissue residency of innate lymphoid cells via engagement with P2Y10 receptor. SCIADV, 11(34), eadt9645. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play critical roles in innate immunity, epithelial barrier protection, and tissue homeostasis. However, the maintenance machinery of intestinal tissue residency of ILCs remains elusive. Here, we show that gut microbiota is necessary for the maintenance of intestinal tissue residency of ILCs. Microbiota metabolite taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) binds to P2Y10 receptor on ILCs to initiate downstream Ca 2+ and RhoA signaling pathways. TDCA-P2Y10 engagement induces Zfp414 transcription to prime expression of CD69 and integrin αE on ILCs, leading to intestinal residency of ILCs. Moreover, decreased levels of TDCA or P2Y10 deficiency abrogates the intestinal residency of ILCs, resulting in severer intestinal inflammation. Of note, TDCA administration can enhance intestinal tissue residency of ILCs and promote protection against intestinal inflammation. Thus, TDCA might be used as a potential drug to treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuwei Xu and Zhen Xiong and Peikang Zhang and Runyuan Wu and Cunzhen Li and Hui Guo and Ying Du and Xiaoxiao Zhu and Dongdong Fan and Hongzhe Fan and Yong Tian and Yun Chen and Zusen Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9645}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadt9645}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microbiota metabolite taurodeoxycholic acid maintains intestinal tissue residency of innate lymphoid cells via engagement with P2Y10 receptor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-value organic solvent recovery and reuse in perovskite solar cell manufacturing. SCIADV, 11(34), eadt6008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recycling high-value organic solvents is crucial but challenging in various industries. For example, the perovskite solar cell (PSC), a rising star of photovoltaic industry, calls for proper management of solvents like N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF). Traditional solvent recovery methods are often less effective, costly, and energy-intensive. To address this, we developed a multistage air-gap membrane distillation (MAMD) system that efficiently recovered DMF from waste solutions using industrial waste heat. Our MAMD system achieved a DMF enrichment factor up to 314 (increasing the concentration from 0.3 to 94.2 weight %) and stable operation over 60 hours. The recovered DMF (94.2 weight %) was used in perovskite minimodule fabrication, achieving a certified stabilized power output of 19.97%. The narrow efficiency deviation, state-of-the-art power conversion efficiency, and small hysteresis demonstrated the viability of using the recovered DMF in industrial fabrication. These results demonstrate the potential of our MAMD system to minimize the environmental footprint and promote sustainable PSC manufacturing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziling Zheng and Yunpeng Zhou and Yuchao Wang and Ziming Cao and Rui Yang and Yaxing Li and Emely Gu and Jizhong Yao and Zheng Wang and Jun Ma and Buyi Yan and Le Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadt6008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-value organic solvent recovery and reuse in perovskite solar cell manufacturing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An alternative cytoplasmic SFPQ isoform with reduced phase separation potential is up-regulated in ALS. SCIADV, 11(34), eadt4814. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) is an RNA binding protein that broadly regulates RNA metabolism. Although its nuclear roles are well studied, evidence of SFPQ’s cytoplasmic functionality is emerging. Altered expression and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution of SFPQ have been recognized in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology, yet the mechanistic bases for these phenomena remain undetermined. We identified altered SFPQ splicing in ALS, increasing the expression of an alternative mRNA isoform lacking a nuclear localization sequence, which we termed “ altSFPQ .” We find that altSFPQ mRNA contributes to SFPQ autoregulation and is highly unstable yet exhibits context-specific translation with cytoplasm-predominant localization. Notably, reduced canonical SFPQ coincides with increased altSFPQ transcript expression in familial and sporadic ALS models, providing a mechanistic basis for SFPQ nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution in patients with ALS. Last, we observe that the altSFPQ protein has reduced phase separation potential and differential protein binding compared to its canonical counterpart, providing insight into its mechanistic relevance to physiology and ALS pathogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob Neeves and Marija Petrić Howe and Oliver J. Ziff and Beth Callaghan and Daniel Jutzi and Koustav Pal and Theodoros I. Roumeliotis and Jyoti Choudhary and Adrian M. Isaacs and Frank Rigo and C. Frank Bennett and Marc-David Ruepp and Rickie Patani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4814}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadt4814}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An alternative cytoplasmic SFPQ isoform with reduced phase separation potential is up-regulated in ALS}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Core metamorphism controls the dynamic habitability of mid-sized ocean worlds—The case of ceres. SCIADV, 11(34), eadt3283. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ceres’s surface mineralogy and density structure indicate an aqueous past. Observations from the Dawn mission revealed that Ceres likely hosted a global subsurface ocean in its early history, which was the site of pervasive aqueous alteration of accreted material. Subsurface environmental constraints inferred from Ceres’s surface mineralogy, combined with Ceres’s high abundance of carbon, suggest that the dwarf planet may have been habitable for microbial life. We present a coupled chemical and thermal evolution model tracking Ceres’s interior aqueous environment through time. If the rocky interior reached ≳550 K, then fluids released by rock metamorphism would have promoted conditions favorable for habitability by introducing redox disequilibrium into the ocean, a source of chemical energy for chemotrophs. We find that this period would have been between ~0.5 and 2 billion years after Ceres’s formation. Since then, Ceres’s ocean has likely become a cold, concentrated brine with fewer sources of energy, making it less likely to be habitable at present.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samuel W. Courville and Julie C. Castillo-Rogez and Mohit Melwani Daswani and Jordyn Robare and Joseph G. O’Rourke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3283}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadt3283}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Core metamorphism controls the dynamic habitability of mid-sized ocean worlds—The case of ceres}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diverse oncogenes use common mechanisms to drive growth of major forms of human cancer. SCIADV, 11(34), eadt1798. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mutations in numerous genes contribute to human cancer, with different oncogenic lesions prevalent in different cancer types. However, the malignant phenotype is simple, characterized by unrestricted cell growth, invasion, and often metastasis. One possible hypothesis explaining this dichotomy is that cancer genes regulate common targets, which then function as master regulators of essential cancer phenotypes. To identify mechanisms that drive the most fundamental feature shared by all tumors—unrestricted cell proliferation—we used a multiomic approach, which identified translation and ribosome biogenesis as common targets of major oncogenic pathways across cancer types. Proteomic analysis of tumors and functional studies of cell cultures established nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 as a key node, whose convergent regulation, both transcriptionally and posttranslationally, is critical for tumor cell proliferation. Our results indicate that lineage-specific oncogenic pathways regulate the same set of targets for growth control, revealing key downstream nodes that could be targeted for therapy or chemoprevention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Otto Kauko and Mikko Turunen and Päivi Pihlajamaa and Antti Häkkinen and Rayner M. L. Queiroz and Mirva Pääkkönen and Sami Ventelä and Massimiliano Gaetani and Susanna L. Lundström and Antonio Murgia and Biswajyoti Sahu and Johannes Routila and Gong-Hong Wei and Heikki Irjala and Julian L. Griffin and Kathryn S. Lilley and Teemu Kivioja and Sampsa Hautaniemi and Jussi Taipale}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1798}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadt1798}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diverse oncogenes use common mechanisms to drive growth of major forms of human cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cholinergic regulation of osteocyte mechanobiology: A paradigm for bone adaptation. SCIADV, 11(34), eads9720. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent evidence suggests that acetylcholine has a positive influence on bone mechanotransduction. Osteocytes express components for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are known for mediating calcium signaling and may affect mechanosensitivity. Here, we use fluorescent imaging approaches to provide evidence of close spatial association between osteocytes and cholinergic nerve fibers in cortical bone in vivo. Moreover, we show that osteocytes are responsive to cholinergic signaling, influencing bone mechanoadaptation. We report sexually dimorphic patterns in bone structure and mechanobiology based on nAChR function. In females, osteocyte mechanosensitivity was decreased at small force magnitudes and tissue level deficits were recovered with anabolic loading. In males, osteocyte mechanosensitivity was increased in some groups and anabolic loading had very little effect on overall tissue architecture. This work establishes a previously unidentified paradigm wherein osteocytes interface with cholinergic nerves and bone mechanotransduction is regulated by osteocyte cholinergic signaling in a sexually dimorphic way.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Macy Mora-Antoinette and Andrea Garcia-Ortiz and Mariam Obaji and Alexander Saffari and Melia D. Matthews and Murtaza Wasi and Karl J. Lewis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9720}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eads9720}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cholinergic regulation of osteocyte mechanobiology: A paradigm for bone adaptation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Local increases in admixture with hunter-gatherers followed the initial expansion of neolithic farmers across continental europe. SCIADV, 11(34), eadq9976. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The replacement of hunter-gatherer lifestyles by agriculture represents a pivotal change in human history. The initial stage of this Neolithic transition in Europe was instigated by the migration of farmers from Anatolia and the Aegean basin. In this study, we modeled the expansion of Neolithic farmers into central Europe along the continental route of dispersal. We used spatially explicit simulations of paleogenomic diversity and high-quality paleogenomic data from 67 prehistoric individuals to assess how population dynamics between Indigenous European hunter-gatherers and incoming farmers varied across space and time. Our results demonstrate that admixture between the two groups increased locally over time at each stage of the Neolithic expansion along the continental route. We estimate that the effective population size of farmers was about five times that of hunter-gatherers. In addition, we infer that sporadic long-distance migrations of early farmers contributed to their rapid dispersal, while competitive interactions with hunter-gatherers were limited.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexandros Tsoupas and Carlos S. Reyna-Blanco and Claudio S. Quilodrán and Jens Blöcher and Maxime Brami and Daniel Wegmann and Joachim Burger and Mathias Currat}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9976}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadq9976}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Local increases in admixture with hunter-gatherers followed the initial expansion of neolithic farmers across continental europe}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Source mechanism of impulsive seafloor events that track submarine lava flows. SCIADV, 11(34), eadk3942. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most of Earth’s volcanic eruptions are hidden beneath the ocean in complete darkness. Recent studies suggested that a type of impulsive event can track submarine lava flows, but their source mechanism remains uncertain. We analyze >20,000 impulsive events from the 2015 Axial Seamount eruption and find that their seismo-acoustic waveform characteristics suggest an implosive source mechanism. Integrating constraints from their spatiotemporal evolution with heat transfer estimates and geological observations, we propose that while the largest events might be related to volatiles degassed from magma, most events are generated by the implosion of bubbles formed from the vaporization of entrapped seawater by hot erupted lava. Similar events have been detected at other seamounts and slow to fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges, although eruptions at >3000-meter depth have proportionately fewer events because seawater vaporization is inhibited. Therefore, these impulsive seafloor events can be leveraged to remotely characterize eruption dynamics in most submarine volcanic settings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peifeng Wang and Yen Joe Tan and DelWayne R. Bohnenstiehl and William S.D. Wilcock and Maya Tolstoy and Felix Waldhauser and Yan Zhan and Wei-Ran Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk3942}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {34}, pages = {eadk3942}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Source mechanism of impulsive seafloor events that track submarine lava flows}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Global inland-water oxygen cycle has changed in the anthropocene” by j. wang et al.. SCIADV, 11(33), eaea8739. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of Figs. 2D and 3D in the Research Article “Global inland-water oxygen cycle has changed in the Anthropocene” by J. Wang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea8739}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eaea8739}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Global inland-water oxygen cycle has changed in the anthropocene” by j. wang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Profiling and functional characterization of maternal mRNA translation during mouse maternal-to-zygotic transition” by c. zhang et al.. SCIADV, 11(33), eaea5403. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of fig. S10B in the Research Article “Profiling and functional characterization of maternal mRNA translation during mouse maternal-to-zygotic transition” by C. Zhang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea5403}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eaea5403}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Profiling and functional characterization of maternal mRNA translation during mouse maternal-to-zygotic transition” by c. zhang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast tomograms in a flash. SCIADV, 11(33), eaea2494. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fourier synthesis optical diffraction tomography encodes hundreds of views per exposure, enabling kilohertz-rate, label-free three-dimensional imaging of complex biological and soft-matter dynamics previously beyond reach.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lei Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea2494}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eaea2494}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast tomograms in a flash}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Geographic range shapes influence species richness in global hotspots. SCIADV, 11(33), eaea0138. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The extraordinary richness of species in tropical mountain regions is often attributed to aggregations of small-ranged species, allowing tight spatial packing of their ranges. However, ranges of species in these regions are also distinctly more patchy and elongated than those found in adjacent lowlands. Our global analysis of mainland birds demonstrates that these range shapes augment the spatial variation in species richness. Both the linearity and patchiness of species ranges are most pronounced in aseasonal and topographically complex regions, most notably in the tropical Andes, where these range shapes contribute more to the pattern of species richness than broad-scale variations in range size. Consequently, niche-based processes that govern the spatial configuration of habitats contribute to patterns of species richness in global hotspots over and above the processes that affect species richness through range sizes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jesper Sonne and Michael Krabbe Borregaard and Robert K. Colwell and Carsten Rahbek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea0138}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eaea0138}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Geographic range shapes influence species richness in global hotspots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Probing and tuning geometric frustration in an organic quantum magnet via elastocaloric measurements under strain. SCIADV, 11(33), eadz0699. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Geometric frustration is a key ingredient in the emergence of exotic states of matter, such as the quantum spin liquid in Mott insulators. Although there has been intense interest in experimentally tuning frustration in candidate materials, achieving precise and continuous control has remained a major hurdle—particularly in accessing the properties of the ideally frustrated lattice. Here, we show that large, finely controlled anisotropic strains can effectively tune the degree of geometric frustration in the Mott insulating κ ‐ ( ET ) 2 Cu 2 ( CN ) 3 —a slightly anisotropic triangular-lattice quantum magnet. Using thermodynamic measurements of the elastocaloric effect, we experimentally map out a temperature-strain phase diagram that captures both the ground state of the isotropic lattice and the less frustrated parent state. Our results provide a benchmark for calculations of the triangular-lattice Hubbard model as a function of frustration and highlight the power of lattice engineering as a route to realizing perfectly frustrated quantum materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francisco Lieberich and Yohei Saito and Yassine Agarmani and Takahiko Sasaki and Naoki Yoneyama and Stephen M. Winter and Michael Lang and Elena Gati}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz0699}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadz0699}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Probing and tuning geometric frustration in an organic quantum magnet via elastocaloric measurements under strain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum vibropolaritonic sensing. SCIADV, 11(33), eady7670. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vibrational spectroscopies are pivotal in analytical methods and biomedical diagnostics owing to their singular ability to provide molecular specificity. However, they are intrinsically limited by weak light-matter interactions and vulnerability to intensity fluctuations and spectral interference. Here, we propose a quantum sensing strategy by leveraging hybrid light-matter states under vibrational strong coupling between molecular vibrations and an optical cavity mode. These quantum vibropolaritonic states exhibit characteristic vacuum Rabi splitting, which not only enables manipulation of molecular vibrations but also provides a unique optical transducer. The feasibility of this strategy is established by combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. Through fabrication of a microfluidic infrared flow cell, definitive experimental validation of vibropolaritonic sensing is achieved. We believe that this study represents a major advance in harnessing hybrid light-matter states for molecular sensing and offers exciting potential to affect applications in areas including chemical sensing, environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and bioprocess monitoring.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Zheng and Steve Semancik and Ishan Barman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady7670}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eady7670}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum vibropolaritonic sensing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Redox-neutral photocatalytic cleavage and gem-difluoroalkenylation of lignin linkages. SCIADV, 11(33), eady2227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The conversion of lignin into high–value-added chemicals represents a promising strategy to enhance its valorization. However, developing catalytic systems and reagents that enable the selective activation and functionalization of specific linkages within its complex polymeric structure remains highly challenging. Here, we report a photocatalytic method for the efficient cleavage and gem -difluoroalkenylation of β-O-4 and β-1 lignin models, as well as native lignin biomass. By using α-trifluoromethyl alkenes as functionalization reagents, this protocol provides a wide array of valuable gem -difluoroalkenes through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), β-scission, radical addition, and β-F elimination processes. This redox-neutral method features operational simplicity, good functional group compatibility, and excellent selectivity. In addition, the derivatization of the resulting gem -difluorobishomoallylic alcohol highlights its synthetic potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xia Hu and Loélie Ribadeau-Dumas and Cristina Nevado}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eady2227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Redox-neutral photocatalytic cleavage and gem-difluoroalkenylation of lignin linkages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prdm12 governs an epigenetic checkpoint linking neuroimmune cross-talk to CD8+ t cell exhaustion-suppressed antitumor immunity. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx9221. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CD8 + T play essential roles in antitumor immune responses. However, immunotherapy has limited clinical efficacy in many solid tumors. Here, we performed an epigenetic-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen in CD8 + T cells directly under cancer immunotherapy setting and found that Prdm12 is a transcriptional repressor implicated in nociceptive neuron development but uncharacterized within immunological contexts. Prdm12 deletion markedly enhanced in vivo tumor clearance of mouse CD8 + T cells and promoted activation, effector differentiation marker expression, and cytokine secretion in both murine and human CD8 + T cells in vitro. Mechanistically, Prdm12 deficiency augmented effector transcriptional programs while inhibiting exhaustion of CGRP-RAMP1 neuroimmune axis facilitation. Additionally, Prdm12 ablation remodeled the chromatin accessibility landscape, with H3K9me3 deposition at loci regulating T cell differentiation ( Trib1 and Sgk1 ) and exhaustion ( Rgs1 and Nr4a2 ). These results together reveal a negative regulatory mechanism for CD8 + T cells and advance our understanding of cancer immunotherapy by linking neurobiological signaling to immune regulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guolong Liu and Xiaoling Tian and Qiudao Wang and Saijuan Xu and Yanhong Jiang and Ying Gao and Yuxuan Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9221}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx9221}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prdm12 governs an epigenetic checkpoint linking neuroimmune cross-talk to CD8+ t cell exhaustion-suppressed antitumor immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Air plastron–enabled heat management for enhanced photothermal actuation in underwater soft robots. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx7189. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photothermal self-excited actuators, offering untethered power and control, are promising for autonomous soft robots. While most efforts focus on enhancing heat absorption for greater actuation performance, managing heat dissipation remains underexplored, which becomes critical in underwater environments with rapid convective cooling. Inspired by amphibious mammals that use air plastrons for thermal insulation, we develop a strategy incorporating superhydrophobic candle soot coating to trap air on photothermal liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) actuators. This approach substantially improves thermal insulation underwater, enhances internal temperature gradient, and causes a 282-fold increase in calculated work output. Moreover, we reveal a previously unreported self-oscillation mechanism based on total internal reflection enabled by air plastron, which decouples the locomotion direction from the light incidence direction. Leveraging the enhanced output and maneuverability, we demonstrate LCE-based robots capable of self-continuous locomotion underwater and on water surfaces, powered by overhead or horizontal light, paving the way for next-generation untethered high-performance aquatic soft robots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pengju Shi and Chi Chen and Zhuo Wang and Wen Hong and Sidi Duan and Zixiao Liu and Wenhao Hou and Muqing Si and Chuan Wei Zhang and Ximin He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7189}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx7189}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Air plastron–enabled heat management for enhanced photothermal actuation in underwater soft robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting lipid scrambling potentiates ferroptosis and triggers tumor immune rejection. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx6587. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite advances in understanding the metabolic mechanisms of ferroptosis, the molecular events following lipid peroxide accumulation on the plasma membrane (PM) remain unclear. Herein, we identify TMEM16F as a ferroptosis suppressor at the executional phase. TMEM16F-deficient cells display heightened sensitivity to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, TMEM16F-mediated phospholipids (PLs) scrambling orchestrates extensive remodeling of PM lipids, translocating PLs at the lesion sites to reduce membrane tension, therefore mitigating the membrane damage. Unexpectedly, failure of PL scrambling in TMEM16F-deficient cells leads to lytic cell death, exhibiting PM collapse and unleashing substantial danger-associated molecule patterns. TMEM16F-deficient tumors exhibit decelerated progression. Notably, lipid scrambling inhibition synergizes with PD-1 blockade to trigger robust tumor immune rejection. The antiparasitic drug ivermectin enhances the responsiveness to PD-1 blockade by suppressing TMEM16F. Our findings uncover TMEM16F-mediated lipid scrambling as an anti-ferroptosis regulator by relocating PLs on the PM during the final stages of ferroptosis. Targeting TMEM16F-mediated lipid scrambling presents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mengyun Yang and Ze Yu and Jieming Ping and Yuanchun Duan and Jianlong Tang and Weixiang Liu and Qing He and Yongfeng Lai and Sin Man Lam and Hesen Tang and Zhengjie Liu and Weimin Wang and Min Zhu and Wei Hu and Yunyun Han and Guanghou Shui and Jiqing Hao and Zheng Liu and Ning Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6587}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx6587}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting lipid scrambling potentiates ferroptosis and triggers tumor immune rejection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Advancing precision photothermal therapy by integrating armored gold nanostars with real-time photoacoustic thermometry and imaging. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx6350. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising strategy for cancer treatment; however, nanoparticle instability and lack of precise imaging tools for real-time temperature monitoring during therapy and nanoparticle tracking have hindered investigations in animal models. To address these critical issues, we present a theranostic platform that seamlessly integrates armored core–gold nanostar (AC-GNS)–mediated PTT with full-view photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT), enabling nanoparticle tracking and real-time imaging-guided PTT in deep tissues. The AC-GNS platform delivered exceptional photostability and thermal resilience beyond those of conventional nanoparticles while serving as a high-performance contrast agent for PACT and a photothermal transducer for PTT. Integrating AC-GNS–mediated PTT with noninvasive PACT enabled whole-body nanoparticle tracking, PTT treatment monitoring via thermal imaging, and thermal dose determination, culminating in a 100% survival rate in a murine bladder cancer model without long-term treatment-related toxicity. This theranostic platform lays the foundation for broader research applications and provides opportunities for advancing solid tumor treatment and response assessment research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aidan J. Canning and Tri Vu and Luca Menozzi and Paul Klippel and Xinrong Chen and Jianing Chen and Theresa Charity and Khang Hoang and Joseph J. Yang and Yun Jing and Gregory M. Palmer and Junjie Yao and Tuan Vo-Dinh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6350}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx6350}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Advancing precision photothermal therapy by integrating armored gold nanostars with real-time photoacoustic thermometry and imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). N,N-dimethyltryptamine mitigates experimental stroke by stabilizing the blood-brain barrier and reducing neuroinflammation. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx5958. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N , N -dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychoactive molecule present in the human brain. DMT is under clinical evaluation as a neuroprotective agent in poststroke recovery. Yet, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. In a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model, we previously showed that DMT reduces infarct volume. Here, we demonstrate that this effect is accompanied by reduction of cerebral edema, attenuated astrocyte dysfunction, and a shift in serum protein composition toward an anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective state. DMT restored tight junction integrity and blood-brain barrier (BBB) function in vitro and in vivo. DMT suppressed the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in brain endothelial cells and peripheral immune cells and reduced microglial activation via the sigma-1 receptor. Our findings prove that DMT mitigates a poststroke effect by stabilizing the BBB and reducing neuroinflammation. Such interactions of DMT with the vascular and immune systems can be leveraged to complement current, insufficient, stroke therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marcell J. László and Judit P. Vigh and Anna E. Kocsis and Gergő Porkoláb and Zsófia Hoyk and Tamás Polgár and Fruzsina R. Walter and Attila Szabó and Srdjan Djurovic and Béla Merkely and Alán Alpár and Ede Frecska and Zoltán Nagy and Mária A. Deli and Sándor Nardai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5958}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx5958}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {N,N-dimethyltryptamine mitigates experimental stroke by stabilizing the blood-brain barrier and reducing neuroinflammation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elusive tropical forest canopy diversity revealed through environmental DNA contained in rainwater. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx4909. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exploring the biodiversity hidden in tropical rainforests canopies represents a major frontier in biodiversity research yet remains challenging. Environmental DNA (eDNA) can revolutionize this field as it did already in various ecosystems. Here, we test the hypothesis that eDNA contained in canopy throughfall could be used to monitor this elusive diversity and detect anthropogenic disturbance. Using custom-made, low-cost rain collectors, we sampled rainwash eDNA in a mature Amazonian forest and a nearby tree plantation. We successfully detected eDNA from tropical woody and epiphyte plants, vertebrates (mammals, birds, and amphibians), and insects (e.g., mosquitoes, ants, and beetles). The taxonomic composition and diversity reflected disturbance, with significantly lower diversity in the plantation. Crucially, rainwash eDNA integrated biodiversity over a 10-day period in passive collectors and provided a local signature. This approach has thus potential for establishing a cost-effective monitoring system for tropical moist forest canopies, applicable in impact assessments and sustainable management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucie Zinger and Anne-Sophie Benoiston and Yves Cuenot and Céline Leroy and Eliane Louisanna and Lucie Moreau and Frédéric Petitclerc and Finn Piatscheck and Jérôme Orivel and Cécile Richard-Hansen and Lou Hansen-Chaffard and Uxue Suescun and Valérie Troispoux and Frédéric Boyer and Jérôme Chave and Thibaud Decaëns and Antoine Fouquet and Johan Pansu and Jérémy Raynaud and Rodolphe Rougerie and Lucas Sire and Heidy Schimann and Pierre Taberlet and Amaia Iribar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4909}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx4909}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elusive tropical forest canopy diversity revealed through environmental DNA contained in rainwater}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioarchitectonics-inspired soft grippers with cutaneous slip perception. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx4206. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The growing demand for dexterous and autonomous robotic manipulation highlights the need for advanced sensing and control strategies, particularly for slip prevention. Although soft grippers provide intrinsic compliance and adaptability, their effectiveness is often limited by the lack of real-time sensory feedback and the complexity of soft actuator dynamics. Inspired by human tactile perception, we developed a bioarchitectonics-inspired soft slip sensor with a three-dimensional structure that leverages crack and stress concentration to enhance sensitivity to incipient slip and shear force. Complementarily, a soft gripper with a linear pressure-to-force response was engineered to enable stable and predictable force modulation. The flexible slip sensors were conformally integrated onto the grippers, forming a fully perceptive soft robotic system capable of detecting early-stage slippage and investigating interfacial frictional properties. This integration establishes a closed-loop sensorimotor framework that notably improves the reliability and adaptability of soft robotic grasping across a wide range of real-world applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiangtao Su and Joel Ming Rui Tan and Jiajun Liu and Ke He and Dong Wu and Wenjie Lai and Jinwei Cao and Soo Jay Phee and Shlomo Magdassi and Xiaodong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4206}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx4206}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioarchitectonics-inspired soft grippers with cutaneous slip perception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetoresistive detection of spin waves. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx4126. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We explore a detection method for spin waves consisting in integrating a magnetoresistive sensor on a magnonic waveguide. When subjected to the stray magnetic field generated by the spin wave, the relative orientation of the magnetizations of the two magnetic layers in the sensor oscillates in time, resulting in an electrical resistance change according to the so-called giant magnetoresistance effect. Upon application of an appropriate current bias, this variation of resistance translates into a sizable microwave voltage. At the submicrometer scale explored here, this signal is about 50 times larger than the one extracted from conventional inductive measurements of spin waves for comparable detection areas. Moreover, this detection scheme is expected to scale very favorably down to the nanometer size relevant for future magnon-based data processing architectures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quentin Rossi and Daniel Stoeffler and Grégoire De Loubens and Hugo Merbouche and Hicham Majjad and Yves Henry and Igor Ngouagnia and Aurélie Solignac and Matthieu Bailleul}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4126}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx4126}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetoresistive detection of spin waves}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanoscale acoustic oscillator for mechanoimmunology: NAOMI. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx3851. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mechanoimmunology explores how mechanical forces orchestrate immune responses, offering insights into immune cell functions and the mechanisms underlying mechanotransduction. A critical challenge in this field is the absence of reliable platforms that apply precise, consistent mechanical stimuli to individual cells while enabling reproducible immune activation. Here, we present a nanoscale acoustic oscillator for mechanoimmunology applications: NAOMI. NAOMI features micropatterned pillars that support uniform cell monolayer formation with an integrated acoustic transducer that delivers highly controlled 3D nanoscale oscillations (±1-nanometer deviation) for up to 72 hours. Unlike conventional passive platforms relying on static stiffness or surface topography, NAOMI enables dynamic, programmable stimulation with high precision and reproducibility. Validation studies demonstrate that NAOMI notably enhances mechanical stress intensity and cell displacement, driving robust M1 polarization in macrophages. NAOMI provides a practical and versatile platform for studying mechanoimmunology, offering high precision, stability, and tunability. Its capabilities also position it well to support future research and drive innovative discoveries in the field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ye He and Ke Jin and Bo Pan and Ke Li and John D. H. Mai and Xianchen Xu and Ying Chen and Zhiteng Ma and Kaichun Yang and Shujie Yang and Kilian Shambaugh and Mingyuan Liu and Jianping Xia and Yuqi Wu and Luke P. Lee and Tony Jun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3851}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx3851}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanoscale acoustic oscillator for mechanoimmunology: NAOMI}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asymmetric catalytic reductive transformation of S(VI) to S(IV) for modular access to S(IV)-stereogenic sulfilimine derivatives. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx2509. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sulfur plays a pivotal role across diverse fields owing to its distinctive chemical and biological properties, thereby propelling the development of stereoselective synthesis of enantioenriched S(IV)-stereogenic scaffolds. While oxidative strategies for generating S-chiral frameworks have witnessed emerging development, the catalytic reduction of S(VI) species to furnish enantioenriched S(IV) scaffolds remains largely overlooked. Herein, we present an enantioselective catalytic method to access S(IV)-stereogenic sulfinimidate ester scaffolds through a distinct catalytic asymmetric formal reductive transformation of S(VI)-sulfonimidoyl chlorides. Using a naturally occurring, cost-effective quinine organocatalyst, we achieved high enantioselectivity in chiral sulfinimidate ester formation via asymmetric S─O bond formation. The catalyst plays dual critical roles, facilitating both the reduction of S(VI) substrates and the catalytic stereoselective formation of S─O bonds. This approach offers a rapid and efficient pathway to sulfinimidate esters, which serves as versatile intermediates for subsequent modular access to diverse S-chiral sulfilimine and sulfinamidine scaffolds, with promising applications in agrochemical and pharmaceutical discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Minghong Liao and Shiqing Huang and Qiang Xiong and Zhongfu Luo and Sha Zhao and Taiyou Xu and Xingxing Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2509}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx2509}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asymmetric catalytic reductive transformation of S(VI) to S(IV) for modular access to S(IV)-stereogenic sulfilimine derivatives}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Accelerated design of gold nanoparticles with enhanced plasmonic performance. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx2299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Finding the optimal dimensions of metal nanoparticles to maximize their plasmonic performance in targeted applications is a complex and time-consuming process that typically requires a trial-and-error approach. Here, we propose a universal pipeline that integrates Bayesian optimization with electrodynamics simulations to find dimensions of gold bipyramids with superior plasmonic performance in photothermal efficiency, enhancement of Raman scattering and photoluminescence, strong coupling between plasmon and exciton, and aggregation-induced color difference. Our workflow is a straightforward tool for plasmonic nanoparticle design, setting their optimal dimensions for targeted applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {José Luis Montaño-Priede and Anish Rao and Ana Sánchez-Iglesias and Marek Grzelczak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx2299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Accelerated design of gold nanoparticles with enhanced plasmonic performance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structures of MmpL complexes reveal the assembly and mechanism of this family of transporters. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx1129. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We coexpressed the mycobacterial membrane protein large 5 (MmpL5) transporter and MmpS5 adaptor proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis and defined their structures from detergent-solubilized crude membranes. We observed that MmpL5 presents as a monomer in complex with the cytosolic meromycolate extension acyl carrier protein M (AcpM), where these AcpM-MmpL5 complexes generate regular two-dimensional arrays. We also provide structural information to show that M. smegmatis MmpL5 assembles as a trimer that interacts with MmpS5 and AcpM to form the tripartite complex AcpM-MmpL5-MmpS5 that spans both the inner and outer membranes of the mycobacterium. In addition, we found that MmpL5 and AcpM are able to form the trimeric AcpM-MmpL5 complex. The structural data reveal that the full-length MmpL5 trimer is capable of spanning the entire mycobacterial cell envelope to transport substrates. However, this assembly requires the presence of MmpS5 to stabilize secondary structural features of the MmpL5 periplasmic subdomains.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhemin Zhang and Rakesh Maharjan and William D. Gregor and Philip A. Klenotic and Edward W. Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1129}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx1129}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structures of MmpL complexes reveal the assembly and mechanism of this family of transporters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcriptome fingerprinting of aberrant fibroblast activation unlocks effective therapeutics to tackle cardiac fibrosis. SCIADV, 11(33), eadx0968. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aberrant activation of fibroblasts is a pivotal component of cardiac fibrosis predisposing to heart failure. However, the molecular regulation of the functional state of cardiac fibroblasts in fibrosis resolution remains largely unexplored, and therefore, effective antifibrosis therapies are still lacking. By translating mouse transcriptomics to humans, we unlocked common molecular denominators connecting the fibroblast phenotypic state and fibrogenic signaling pathways in cardiac fibrosis. Through the construction of a fibroblast-specific transcriptional gene regulatory network, we found ITGAL and DUSP9 as key druggable targets for human myocardial fibrosis. A computational drug repurposing approach predicted 367 antifibrotic candidate compounds for heart disease. In primary cardiac fibroblasts derived from patients with heart failure, we provided experimental validation of the top 2–ranked repositioned drug candidates and their combination. These innovative approaches facilitate the identification of potential targets and drug candidates for cardiac fibrosis, providing actionable opportunities for clinical translation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mathieu Cinato and Ryeonshi Kang and Solomiia Kramar and Lesia Savchenko and Nathalie Pizzinat and Audrey Swiader and Alexander Kel and Aleksandr Kalmykov and Daria Stelmashenko and Ilenia Martinelli and Jerome Roncalli and Charlotte Laborde and Oksana Kunduzova}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0968}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadx0968}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcriptome fingerprinting of aberrant fibroblast activation unlocks effective therapeutics to tackle cardiac fibrosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The small-molecule pifithrin-α deactivates ETR1 to repress shade avoidance in arabidopsis. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw9241. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) commonly occurs in plants sensing shading and the proximity of neighbors, leading to morphological and physiological changes that are detrimental to plant health and consequently crop yield. Controlling SAS could be beneficial for sustainable agriculture. Here, we performed a phenotype-based chemical screening in Arabidopsis and identified pifithrin-α (PFT-α) as a compound that suppresses shade-induced hypocotyl elongation and gene expression. Through genetic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we demonstrated that PFT-α mimics ethylene by deactivating the ethylene receptor 1 (ETR1). Accumulated ethylene-insensitive 3 (EIN3) influences the expression of phytochrome-interacting factors ( PIF4 and PIF7 ) and subsequently inhibits shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. Our findings not only provide molecular insights into SAS but also suggest that PFT-α, acting as a potent ethylene mimic, plays a crucial role in hormone-regulated plant development and holds potential for modulating SAS in agricultural practices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenjing Liang and Sha Huang and Xinran Chen and Kai Jiang and Xin Gong and Hongwei Guo and Lin Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9241}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw9241}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The small-molecule pifithrin-α deactivates ETR1 to repress shade avoidance in arabidopsis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploring antibiotic resistance in diverse homologs of the dihydrofolate reductase protein family through broad mutational scanning. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw9178. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antimicrobial resistance studies often focus on individual protein variants, neglecting broader protein family dynamics. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), a key antibiotic target, has been extensively studied using deep mutational scanning, yet resistance mechanisms across this diverse protein family remain poorly understood. Here, we developed a synthetic metagenomics approach using DropSynth, a scalable gene synthesis platform, to construct a phylogenetically diverse library of 1536 DHFR homologs. These sequences, primarily derived from host-associated metagenomes, represent 759 bacterial species, including many clinically relevant pathogens. A multiplexed in vivo assay tested their ability to restore metabolic function and confer trimethoprim resistance in an Escherichia coli ∆ folA strain. Half of the synthetic homologs rescued the phenotype without supplementation, and mutant variants with up to five amino acid substitutions increased rescue rates to 90%, highlighting DHFR’s evolutionary resilience. Broad mutational scanning of DHFR homologs and 100,000 mutants revealed key insights into fitness and resistance, offering the most comprehensive analysis of complementation and inhibitor tolerance to date.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Karl J. Romanowicz and Carmen Resnick and Samuel R. Hinton and Calin Plesa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9178}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw9178}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploring antibiotic resistance in diverse homologs of the dihydrofolate reductase protein family through broad mutational scanning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A bioinspired microfluidic wearable sensor for multiday sweat sampling, transport, and metabolic analysis. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw9024. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wearable sweat sensors enable noninvasive real-time biochemical monitoring, holding immense potential for personalized health care applications. However, achieving prolonged and reliable sweat sampling, along with stable biochemical analysis, remains challenging due to inconsistent secretion, rapid evaporation, and the reliance on external stimulation. Here, we present BMS 3 , a bioinspired microfluidic wearable sweat sensor system designed for multiday continuous metabolic monitoring. BMS 3 integrates hierarchically graded microchannels and superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic Janus membranes, inspired by pitcher plant trichomes and lotus leaves to enable efficient low volume sweat collection, transport, and renewal. A miniaturized carbachol gel–based iontophoresis module autonomously induces localized sweat secretion. Furthermore, the microfluidic design sustains sweat sampling for over 2 days from a single iontophoresis session, eliminating the need for physical exertion. In vitro and in vivo studies in healthy participants and patients with gout demonstrate BMS 3 ’s capability for continuous metabolic monitoring. By simultaneously tracking uric acid, xanthine, and alcohol levels, it effectively differentiates normal and pathological states while delivering timely therapeutic feedback.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Soyoung Shin and Ruixiao Liu and Yiran Yang and José A. Lasalde-Ramírez and Gwangmook Kim and Chihyeong Won and Jihong Min and Canran Wang and Kexin Fan and Hong Han and Chibuike Uwakwe and Wenzheng Heng and Tzung K. Hsiai and Zhaoping Li and John D. FitzGerald and Wei Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9024}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw9024}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A bioinspired microfluidic wearable sensor for multiday sweat sampling, transport, and metabolic analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ observation of oxygen ion dynamics in topological phase change memristors through self-assembled interface design. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw8513. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Resistive switching memory represents a potentially transformative advancement in next-generation nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic technologies. Recently, vertically aligned nanocomposites (VANs) have been proposed to optimize the memristive performance of single-phase memories. However, the microscopic mechanism of dynamic resistive switching in these VAN architectures is still elusive. Here, we built up a VAN structure with brownmillerite SrCoO 2.5 (BM-SCO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), where the topological phase transformation in BM-SCO provides a well-defined facile vertical path for oxygen ion migration within the vertical interfaces between BM-SCO and MgO phases. Compared with the BM-SCO memristor, the (BM-SCO) 0.5 :(MgO) 0.5 VAN memristor exhibits advantages in resistive switching and simulates various synaptic functions, achieving high accuracy in image recognition tasks. Using in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy, we revealed the microscopic mechanism of oxygen ion migration dynamics along the vertical interfaces. Our work substantially advances the understanding of resistive switching mechanism and further demonstrates the great potential of VAN architectures for practical application in high-performance resistive memory.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaifeng Li and Jiaqi Zhang and Yuang Chen and Jianyong Pan and Yufan Zheng and Shuangjie Xu and Run Zhao and Mengsha Li and Ruijuan Qi and Rong Huang and Zhibo Yan and Pu Yu and Jun-Ming Liu and Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll and Hao Yang and Weiwei Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8513}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw8513}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ observation of oxygen ion dynamics in topological phase change memristors through self-assembled interface design}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Classic maya response to multiyear seasonal droughts in northwest yucatán, mexico. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw7661. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protracted droughts may have contributed to sociopolitical upheaval and depopulation of cultural centers in the Maya Lowlands during the Terminal Classic Period (~800 to 1000 CE). Regional proxy climate records suggest multiple prolonged drought episodes during the Terminal Classic. The relationship between drought and response of individual sites, however, remains unclear because of large chronological uncertainties and poor temporal resolution of existing local paleoclimate inferences. We present a subannual rainfall record from northwest Yucatán, Mexico, derived from an annually laminated stalagmite spanning 871 to 1021 CE, with ±6-year age uncertainty. Interpretation of the stalagmite oxygen isotope record is supported by modern rain and drip water monitoring. Precisely dated droughts enable detailed analyses of timing and dynamics of regional human-climate interactions. Despite uncertainties in archaeological chronologies, these results suggest political activity at major northern Maya sites, including Chichén Itzá and Uxmal, declined at different times relative to droughts, implying differential cultural responses to climate stress.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel H. James and Stacy A. Carolin and Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach and Julie A. Hoggarth and Fernanda Lases-Hernández and Erin A. Endsley and Jason H. Curtis and Christina D. Gallup and Susan Milbrath and John Nicolson and James Rolfe and Ola Kwiecien and Christopher J. Ottley and Alexander A. Iveson and James U. L. Baldini and Mark Brenner and Gideon M. Henderson and David A. Hodell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7661}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw7661}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Classic maya response to multiyear seasonal droughts in northwest yucatán, mexico}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Formation of hydrogen trioxide (HOOOH) in extraterrestrial ice analogs and its role as an oxidizer in prebiotic chemistry. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw5720. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The formation and characterization of hydrogen trioxide have fascinated scientists for more than a century, due to its role as a prototype model for oxygen-chain bonding and as a key transient in antibody-catalyzed oxidation reactions relevant to the origin of life. However, the abiotic formation pathways to hydrogen trioxide have remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate in laboratory simulation experiments that hydrogen trioxide effectively forms in water–molecular oxygen ice analogs at temperatures as low as 5 kelvin under exposure to proxies of galactic cosmic rays. Exploiting synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry, hydrogen trioxide along with hydrogen peroxide and the hydroperoxyl radical was identified during the temperature-programmed desorption of the irradiated ices. This abiotic synthesis expands the oxidant inventory on interstellar grains, icy moons, and Kuiper belt objects, offering a plausible source of essential oxidizers for prebiotic chemistry in space.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xilin Bai and Chunxiao Li and Yuheng Luo and Qi’ang Gong and Jinghui Lu and Jiuzhong Yang and Yang Pan and Zhenrong Sun and André K. Eckhardt and Rui Sun and Ralf I. Kaiser and Tao Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5720}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw5720}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Formation of hydrogen trioxide (HOOOH) in extraterrestrial ice analogs and its role as an oxidizer in prebiotic chemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Automated annotation of complex natural products using a modular fragmentation–based structure assembly (MFSA) strategy. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw4693. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Complex natural products (CNPs) feature polycyclic structures, multiple consecutive chiral centers, and nonrepetitive structural units. Given their complexity, the structural annotation of CNPs remains a major bottleneck. Here, we introduce the modular fragmentation–based structural assembly (MFSA) strategy for the target CNP structural annotation. The MFSA strategy disassembled the structure based on fragmentation patterns, recognized targets via a pseudo-library, and reassembled the structure using characteristic ions and neutral losses. As a proof of concept, we focused on daphnane-type diterpenoids, a kind of specific bioactive CNP from Thymelaeaceae plants. Furthermore, we present a user-friendly application named CNPs-MFSA coded in Python. Using an in-house daphnane library, CNPs-MFSA outperformed SIRIUS, MS-FINDER, and MetFrag in Top-1 annotation accuracy. By applying CNPs-MFSA to 56 Thymelaeaceae plants, 204 high-confidence daphnanes within 822 annotated results, including 105 previously unreported compounds were found. Aconitine, paclitaxel, and obakunone analogs were incorporated as additional target CNP classes to illustrate the extension workflow.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mi Zhang and Kouharu Otsuki and Lingjian Tan and Takashi Kikuchi and Ning Li and Wei Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4693}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw4693}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Automated annotation of complex natural products using a modular fragmentation–based structure assembly (MFSA) strategy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Difluoroboronated tetrazine probes for rapid bioorthogonal fluorescence activation, no-wash STED imaging, and triggered drug release. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw1098. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A unique class of bioorthogonal fluorogenic probes, based on difluoroboronated tetrazine ( Tz-BFs ), has been developed. These probes are the smallest tetrazine-based fluorescent structures and exhibit a high fluorescence turn-on ratio (up to 582-fold) following the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. By engineering π-conjugated systems and using push-pull groups, their fluorescence emission can be tuned across blue to yellow (440 to 570 nanometers). They offer no-wash fluorogenic behavior, excellent cell permeability, rapid reaction kinetics, and high photostability, ideal for real-time biomolecule tracking, suborganelle bioorthogonal imaging, and metabolic labeling. In addition, they enable stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy for subdiffraction resolution imaging and have click-to-release functionality for simultaneous fluorescence activation and therapeutic agent release, such as TCO ( trans -cyclooctene)–DOX (doxorubicin). These probes provide broad potential for advanced imaging and drug delivery applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaomei Zhu and Jie Zhang and Haoxing Geng and Kai Wang and Yue Li and Xiuxiu Yang and Heng Shi and Junjie Tai and Xueyuan Yan and Yunfang Yang and Hongyan Sun and Qing Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1098}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw1098}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Difluoroboronated tetrazine probes for rapid bioorthogonal fluorescence activation, no-wash STED imaging, and triggered drug release}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery in brain via systemic administration. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw0730. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Efficient delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) to the brain via systemic administration remains a challenge, primarily due to the blood-brain barrier. To address this challenge, we incorporated SR-57227, a ligand of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT 3 )] receptor, into the design of ionizable lipids to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for systemic mRNA delivery to the brain. OS4T LNP was identified as an optimized formulation based on multiple assays. Following systemic administration, OS4T LNP achieved over a 50-fold increase in mRNA translation within brain tissues compared to US Food and Drug Administration–approved Onpattro LNPs (DLin-MC3-DMA). In an orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) mouse model, engineered interleukin-12 mRNA–loaded OS4T LNPs significantly suppressed tumor growth and improved overall survival. This study demonstrates OS4T LNP as a promising platform for brain mRNA delivery and highlights its potential for treating GBM and other central nervous system disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dinglingge Cao and Xucheng Hou and Chang Wang and Siyu Wang and Zhengwei Liu and Meng Tian and Kaiyuan Guo and Haoyuan Li and Diana D. Kang and Yichen Zhong and Yonger Xue and Changyue Yu and Binbin Deng and Yizhou Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0730}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw0730}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery in brain via systemic administration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insights into angiosperm evolution and lineage-specialized lignan biosynthesis from the early-diverging schisandra genome. SCIADV, 11(33), eadw0486. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Schisandraceae, an early-diverging angiosperm lineage, produces dibenzocyclooctadiene (DBCOD) lignans, unique bioactive compounds with liver-protecting properties. Although DBCOD lignan chemodiversity is well documented, their biosynthesis and evolution remain unclear. Here, we present a high-quality Schisandra chinensis genome, completing genomic representation of early angiosperms. Phylogenetic analysis confirms Austrobaileyales as sister to monocots, magnoliids, and eudicots, clarifying their evolutionary position. We identified an Austrobaileyales-specific whole-genome duplication postdiversification from Amborellales and Nymphaeales. Integrating coexpression networks and biochemical assays, we delineated five key steps in DBCOD lignan biosynthesis, including dimerization, hydroxylation, methylation, and C─C phenol coupling. Notably, we found SchCYP719G1b, a previously unidentified enzyme catalyzing C─C linkage to form the signature DBCOD scaffold. Substrate selectivity assays and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics calculations suggested that the para -hydroxyl diradical electronic properties preferentially drive selective C2─C2′ coupling over alternative pathways. Our findings illuminate early angiosperm evolution and the molecular basis of specialized lignan diversity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiushi Liu and Ruilin Xiong and Leijiao Liu and Tai-Ping Zhou and Jiayu Xue and Dan Sun and Ranran Gao and Shanshan Chen and Rui Xu and Yuanyuan Xing and Shuang Peng and Bin Li and Xueping Wei and Wei Sun and Xiwen Li and Jun Ai and Hongmei Luo and Bengang Zhang and Binju Wang and Zhichao Xu and Haitao Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0486}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadw0486}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insights into angiosperm evolution and lineage-specialized lignan biosynthesis from the early-diverging schisandra genome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integration of spatial protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential of proximal tubules. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv8918. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The organizational principles of nephronal segments are based on anatomical and physiological attributes that are linked to the homeostatic functions of the kidney. Recent molecular approaches have uncovered layers of deeper signatures and states in tubular cells that arise at various time points on the disease trajectory. Here, we introduce an analytical pipeline of multiplexed spatial protein imaging integrated with RNA expression to characterize proximal tubular subpopulations and neighborhoods in human kidney tissue. We demonstrate that, in reference tissue, a large proportion of S1 proximal tubular epithelial cells expresses thymus antigen 1 (THY1), a mesenchymal stromal and stem cell marker that regulates differentiation. Kidney disease is associated with loss of THY1 and transition toward expression of prominin 1 (PROM1), another stem cell marker recently linked to failed repair. Our data support a model in which the interplay between THY1 and PROM1 expression in proximal tubules associates with their regenerative potential and marks the timeline of disease progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mahla Asghari and Angela R. Sabo and Daria Barwinska and Ricardo Melo Ferreira and Michael J. Ferkowicz and William S. Bowen and Ying-Hua Cheng and Debora L. Gisch and Connor Gulbronson and Carrie L. Phillips and Katherine J. Kelly and Timothy A. Sutton and James C. Williams and Miguel Vazquez and John O’Toole and Paul Palevsky and Sylvia E. Rosas and Sushrut S. Waikar and Krzysztof Kiryluk and Chirag Parikh and Jeffrey B. Hodgin and Pinaki Sarder and Ian H. De Boer and Jonathan Himmelfarb and Matthias Kretzler and Kidney Precision Medicine Project and Sanjay Jain and Michael T. Eadon and Seth Winfree and Tarek M. El-Achkar and Pierre C. Dagher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8918}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv8918}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integration of spatial protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential of proximal tubules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ACSS2 coupled with KAT7 regulates histone β-hydroxybutyrylation to enhance transcription. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv8448. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is an epigenetic mark linking ketone metabolism to transcription. However, the molecular mechanism by which β-hydroxybutyrate is converted to β-hydroxybutyryl–coenzyme A (BHB-CoA), the cofactor for Kbhb, remains unknown. Here, we report that acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) coupled with lysine acetyltransferase 7 (KAT7) modulates β-hydroxybutyrylation on lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9bhb) to promote transcription. We show that KAT7 serves as a β-hydroxybutyryltransferase and preferably catalyzes histone Kbhb, especially H3K9bhb, in 1171 identified Kbhb substrates. ACSS2 is a BHB-CoA synthetase. This enzyme can sense cellular β-hydroxybutyrate and translocate into the nucleus, where it binds to and colocalizes with KAT7 at specific locus of chromatin. The ACSS2-generated BHB-CoA can fuel KAT7 for histone H3K9bhb. We demonstrate that the β-hydroxybutyrate drives the ACSS2-KAT7-H3K9bhb axis to promote epigenetic regulation and tumor cell growth. Our study not only identifies the founding member of BHB-CoA ligase but also reveals the mechanism underlying KAT7-catalyzed histone Kbhb using ACSS2-generated BHB-CoA.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siyu Wang and Ziping Niu and Yingao Zhang and Ruilong Liu and Rui Zhu and Yuxuan Sun and Yanpu Han and Aiyuan Wang and Jianji Zhang and Hui Zhang and Yong Zang and Yingming Zhao and Guijin Zhai and Kai Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8448}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv8448}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ACSS2 coupled with KAT7 regulates histone β-hydroxybutyrylation to enhance transcription}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional and epitope specific monoclonal antibody discovery directly from immune sera using cryo-EM. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv8257. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibodies are crucial therapeutics, comprising a substantial portion of approved drugs due to their safety and clinical efficacy. Traditional antibody discovery methods are labor-intensive, limiting scalability and high-throughput analysis. Here, we improved upon our streamlined approach combining structural analysis and bioinformatics to infer heavy and light chain sequences from cryo-EM (cryo–electron microscopy) maps of serum-derived polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) bound to antigens. Using ModelAngelo, an automated structure-building tool, we accelerated pAb sequence determination and identified sequence matches in B cell repertoires via ModelAngelo-derived hidden Markov models (HMMs) associated with pAb structures. Benchmarking against results from a nonhuman primate HIV vaccine trial, our pipeline reduced analysis time from weeks to under a day with higher precision. Validation with murine immune sera from influenza vaccination revealed multiple protective antibodies. This workflow enhances antibody discovery, enabling faster, more accurate mapping of polyclonal responses with broad applications in vaccine development and therapeutic antibody discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James A. Ferguson and Sai Sundar Rajan Raghavan and Garazi Peña Alzua and Disha Bhavsar and Jiachen Huang and Alesandra J. Rodriguez and Jonathan L. Torres and Maria Bottermann and Julianna Han and Florian Krammer and Facundo D. Batista and Andrew B. Ward}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8257}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv8257}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional and epitope specific monoclonal antibody discovery directly from immune sera using cryo-EM}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FTO degrader impairs ribosome biogenesis and protein translation in acute myeloid leukemia. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv7648. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Targeting ribosome biogenesis and protein translation has emerged as a promising avenue for cancer therapy. The fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), an RNA N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) eraser, has been identified as an oncogenic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we present the development of an FTO degrader that selectively degrades FTO in AML cells, demonstrating superior efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. We confirmed that FTO degradation increases m 6 A modifications on mRNAs associated with ribosome biogenesis, promoting their YTHDF2-mediated decay. This disruption of ribosome biogenesis and protein translation contributes to the inhibition of AML progression. Our findings highlight this FTO degrader as a valuable tool compound for elucidating the functional roles of FTO in cancer and as a potential foundation for the development of selective anticancer therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenlong Li and Yutao Zhao and Dong Wu and Zhenhua Chen and Ying Qing and Fan Yang and Fei Ji and Linda Zhang and Lillian Sau and Jianjun Chen and Chuan He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7648}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv7648}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FTO degrader impairs ribosome biogenesis and protein translation in acute myeloid leukemia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Src/Fas2-dependent ephrin phosphorylation initiates Eph/Ephrin reverse signaling through rac1 to shape columnar units in the fly brain. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv7490. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Columns are the morphological and functional units containing multiple neurons in the brain. The molecular mechanisms of column formation are largely unknown. Ephrin/Eph signaling mediates a variety of developmental processes. Ephrin acts as a ligand for Eph to regulate forward signaling, whereas Eph acts as a ligand for Ephrin to regulate reverse signaling. However, whether and how the uni- or bidirectional Ephrin/Eph signaling is involved in column formation remains elusive. In this study, we show that Ephrin and Eph regulate the morphology and location of columnar neurons through bidirectional repulsive signaling. Furthermore, Eph ligand triggers cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphorylation of Ephrin under the control of Src kinases and Fasciclin 2 (Fas2), forming the Ephrin/Src/Fas2 complex to promote reverse signaling through a downstream regulator, Rac1. This study provides the detailed analysis of the molecular interactions involved in column formation using the fly brain as a model.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Miaoxing Wang and Xujun Han and Yunfei Lee and Rie Takayama and Makoto Sato}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7490}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv7490}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Src/Fas2-dependent ephrin phosphorylation initiates Eph/Ephrin reverse signaling through rac1 to shape columnar units in the fly brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). USP30 inhibition augments mitophagy to prevent t cell exhaustion. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv6902. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The exhaustion of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells poses a substantial challenge in cancer immunotherapy, with mitochondrial health essential for sustaining T cell functionality. Mitophagy, a critical process for mitochondrial quality control, is severely impaired in exhausted CD8 + T cells, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We identified ubiquitin-specific protease 30 (USP30), a mitochondrial deubiquitinase that inhibits mitophagy, as a key factor up-regulated in exhausted CD8 + T cells. Notably, prolonged antigen stimulation triggers the T cell receptor and nuclear factor of activated T cell 1 signaling, which drives the transcriptional up-regulation of USP30. Excitingly, our interventions targeting USP30 through genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition effectively restored mitophagy, improved mitochondrial fitness, and rejuvenated CD8 + T cell effector functions. These interventions reinvigorated antitumor responses and markedly suppressed tumor growth. Our findings establish USP30 as a critical regulator of mitophagy and a promising therapeutic target for reversing T cell exhaustion and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruohan Zhang and Fengxia Gao and Jianying Li and Jiacheng Jin and Kangxuan Chen and Samhita Chaudhuri and Zhiwei Liao and Tong Xiao and Yang Xu and Haitao Wen and Kai He and Zihai Li and Gang Xin and Nuo Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6902}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv6902}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {USP30 inhibition augments mitophagy to prevent t cell exhaustion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tracing the stepwise darwinian evolution of a plant halogenase. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv6898. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biohalogenation is rare in plant metabolism, with the Menispermaceae’s chloroalkaloid acutumine being an exception. This involves a specialized dechloroacutumine halogenase (DAH) from the iron- and 2-oxoglutarate–dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) family. While DAH is presumed to have evolved from an ancestral 2ODD, how enzyme specialization arises through Darwinian processes remains a fundamental question in understanding metabolic evolution. Here, we investigate the evolutionary history of DAH using the chromosomal-level genome of Menispermum canadense . Phylogenomic dating and synteny analyses reveal DAH evolution through tandem duplication of an ancestral flavonol synthase (FLS) gene, followed by neofunctionalization and gene loss events. Structural modeling, molecular dynamics, and site-directed mutagenesis identify mutations enabling the catalytic switch from FLS to DAH. This required traversing a complex evolutionary landscape with deep fitness valleys separating intermediate states captured in the M. canadense genome. Our findings illustrate how enzymatic functions evolve through lineage-specific pathways, reshaping active sites and enabling catalytic mechanism-switching mutations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Colin Y. Kim and David W. Kastner and Andrew J. Mitchell and Michael A. Gutierrez and Jocelyn S. Yao and Edwin N. Neumann and Heather J. Kulik and Jing-Ke Weng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6898}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv6898}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tracing the stepwise darwinian evolution of a plant halogenase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heterogeneous strong asperities and tectonic complexity control irregular cascading ruptures. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv6771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rupture characteristics and heterogeneity of large earthquakes are essential for seismic hazard assessments. We use relocated aftershocks, geodetic measurements, and seismic waveform data to distinguish contributions from closely separated fault structures of the 2024 M w 7.5 Noto earthquake. We find that the initial rupture triggered slip on a complex fault of a preceding swarm and led to bilateral slow rupture there. The earthquake ruptured two fault segments with contrasting dip angles along the eastern and western segments. Aftershocks continued to rupture the preexisting swarm faults. A delayed rupture occurred southwest of the hypocenter, implying that substantial resistance caused by a barrier temporally hindered rupture propagation. Additional stress from surrounding slip eventually overcame the strength of the barrier fault section, leading to a compound rupture. The mainshock triggered a small earthquake swarm, in which the relatively larger events were not followed by abundant aftershocks. Our findings demonstrate the influence of strong asperities and complex geometry in the progression of cascading ruptures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuanchao Huang and Wenbin Xu and Roland Bürgmann and Lei Xie and Guangcai Feng and Baojun Shan and Zhiwei Li and Yosuke Aoki and Yijun Zhang and Jianjun Zhu and Xiaoge Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv6771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heterogeneous strong asperities and tectonic complexity control irregular cascading ruptures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Super-resolution triple-resonance NMR spectroscopy for the sequential assignment of proteins. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv6246. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To study the structure and dynamics of proteins by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), sequence-specific assignment is needed, which can be obtained by acquiring and analyzing multiple triple-resonance experiments with the three-dimensional TROSY-HNCA, the most sensitive stand-alone experiment with which sequential assignment is, in principle, possible. However, gaining an unambiguous assignment solely from this spectrum is generally not possible because amino acid–type information cannot be gleaned only from the 13 C α shifts and the low resolution in the 13 C dimension, which is limited by the homonuclear coupling of the 13 C α and 13 C β nuclei. Here, super-resolution NMR is applied to the TROSY-HNCA and HNcoCA experiments, yielding pseudo-decoupling, which results in a four- to fivefold resolution enhancement in the 13 C dimension, essential for the assignment, which allows for straightforward assignment of proteins as large as 500 residues based on simulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Olivia Gampp and Luca Wenchel and Peter Güntert and Piotr Klukowski and Roland Riek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6246}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv6246}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Super-resolution triple-resonance NMR spectroscopy for the sequential assignment of proteins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Measurement-free, scalable, and fault-tolerant universal quantum computing. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv2590. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reliable execution of large-scale quantum algorithms requires robust underlying operations, which is addressed by quantum error correction (QEC). Most modern QEC protocols rely on measurements and feed-forward operations, which are experimentally demanding and often prone to high error rates. Additionally, no single-error–correcting code intrinsically supports the full set of logical operations required for universal quantum computing. In this work, we present a complete toolbox for fault-tolerant universal quantum computing without measurements during algorithm execution by combining the strategies of code switching and concatenation. We develop fault-tolerant, measurement-free protocols to transfer encoded information between 2D and 3D color codes that offer complementary and, in combination, universal sets of robust logical gates. Moreover, we extend the scheme to higher-distance codes by concatenating the 2D color code and integrating code switching for operations lacking a natively fault-tolerant implementation. Our measurement-free approach thereby provides a practical and scalable pathway for universal quantum computing on state-of-the-art quantum processors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Friederike Butt and David F. Locher and Katharina Brechtelsbauer and Hans Peter Büchler and Markus Müller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2590}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv2590}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Measurement-free, scalable, and fault-tolerant universal quantum computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A distinct neural ensemble to integrate contradictory information and form long-term memory in drosophila. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv2441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interpreting contradictory information to favor survival is a crucial challenge for the brain. Although the parallel competing mode and memory convergence mode are proposed to resolve how contradictory information is processed in the brain, no detailed regulatory mechanism is proposed, and the formation of a memory trace to support either one is also lacking. The current study demonstrated that competition and integration existed after contradictory training, i.e., aversive/appetitive, followed by appetitive/aversive conditioning. Although information from aversive and appetitive training competes within 3 hours after conditioning, approach behavior gradually prevails, and avoidance behavior decays. The training type–dependent neural network consolidating and storing contradictory memory differs from the circuit for sole aversive and reward memory. A contradictory memory trace formation in the brain, indicating aversive and reward memories, is integrated into one approach memory. Our study reconciles the current two modes and proposes a competition-integration mode for contradictory memory expression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Habib Ullah and Yu-Luen Hwang and Ming-Chi Hsu and Hsueh-Cheng Chiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv2441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A distinct neural ensemble to integrate contradictory information and form long-term memory in drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stable isotope evidence for the participation of commoners in inka khipu production. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv1950. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This study presents previously unknown evidence about the social status of Inka-era khipu experts. A lack of physical evidence hinders our understanding of the specialists who made Inka khipus (knotted cords that served as writing). On the basis of primarily Spanish-language colonial chronicles, it is thought that khipus were created exclusively by male bureaucratic elites. We analyzed Inka khipu, KH0631, whose primary cord is composed of human hair. Historically, human hair on a khipu served as a “signature” to indicate the khipu’s creator. Recent advances in elemental analysis–isotope ratio mass spectrometry allowed us to undertake simultaneous carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur measurements from a single KH0631 hair sample, revealing that this individual consumed a diet characteristic of low-ranking commoners. This finding suggests that commoners participated in Inka khipu production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sabine Hyland and Kit Lee and Hannah Koon and Sanna Laukkanen and Luke Spindler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1950}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv1950}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stable isotope evidence for the participation of commoners in inka khipu production}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Membrane curvature association of amphipathic helix 8 drives constitutive endocytosis of GPCRs. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv1499. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cellular signaling relies on the activity of transmembrane receptors and their presentation on the cellular surface. Their continuous insertion in the plasma membrane is balanced by constitutive and activity-dependent internalization, which is orchestrated by adaptor proteins recognizing semispecific motifs within the receptors’ intracellular regions. Here, we describe a complementary trafficking mechanism for G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that is evolutionary conserved and refined. This mechanism relies on the insertion of their amphipathic helix 8 into the inner leaflet of lipid membranes, orthogonal to the transmembrane helices. These amphipathic helices dictate subcellular localization of the receptors and autonomously drive their endocytosis by cooperative assembly and association with areas of high membrane curvature. The strength of helix 8 membrane insertion propensity quantitatively predicts the rate of constitutive internalization of GPCRs. This discovery advances our understanding of membrane protein trafficking and highlights a principle of receptor-lipid interactions that may have broad implications for cellular signaling and therapeutic targeting.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jan Hendrik Schmidt and Rasmus Herlo and Joscha Rombach and Andreas Haahr Larsen and Mikkel Stoklund and Mathias Perslev and Tommas Theiss Ehler Nielsen and Keenie Ayla Andersen and Carmen Klein Herenbrink and Matthew D. Lycas and Aske Lykke Ejdrup and Nikolaj Riis Christensen and Jan P. Christensen and Mootaz Salman and Freja Herborg and Ulrik Gether and Alexander Sebastian Hauser and Patricia Bassereau and David Perrais and Kenneth Lindegaard Madsen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1499}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv1499}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Membrane curvature association of amphipathic helix 8 drives constitutive endocytosis of GPCRs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reprogramming RIPK3-induced cell death in malignant b cells promotes immune-mediated tumor control. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv0871. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cancer therapies that induce immunogenic cell death such as necroptosis can arm the immune system to clear residual tumor cells. Receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) signaling can trigger necroptosis, orchestrating immune responses to solid tumors. Whether RIPK3 activity can be exploited for controlling B cell malignancies remains unclear. Here, we establish a strategy to manipulate RIPK3 activity in malignant B cells and promote immune-mediated tumor control. By controlling and visualizing RIPK3 signaling using intravital imaging, we established that RIPK3 activation promoted apoptosis and rapid macrophage engulfment but failed to induce necroptosis due to limited MLKL expression in B-lineage cells. RIPK3-induced cell death could be diverted toward necroptosis with type I IFN and caspase inhibition. Exploiting these findings, we showed that a combination therapy activating RIPK3 with SMAC mimetics while suppressing caspase activity and providing type I IFN resulted in immune-mediated control of B cell tumors. Hence, reprogramming RIPK3 activity represents an attractive therapeutic opportunity to target B cell malignancies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruby Alonso and Zacarias Garcia and Béatrice Corre and Fabrice Lemaître and Camille Vaganay and Hélène Saklani and Capucine L. Grandjean and Nader Yatim and Philippe Bousso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0871}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv0871}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reprogramming RIPK3-induced cell death in malignant b cells promotes immune-mediated tumor control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Excess water availability in northern mid-high latitudes contiguously migrated from ocean under climate change. SCIADV, 11(33), eadv0282. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Terrestrial water availability sustains livelihoods, socioeconomic development, and ecosystems. Despite an understanding of contributions of oceanic moisture to terrestrial hydroclimatic extremes, whether surpluses of terrestrial water availability migrate directly and contiguously from the ocean and the influence of climate change on this process remain unclear. Here, we use a coherent feature-tracking method to identify ocean-to-land water availability surpluses (OWASs), characterized by spatiotemporally contiguous migration of excess atmospheric freshwater (precipitation-minus-evapotranspiration) from ocean to land. Over the past several decades, especially in northern mid-high latitudes (NMHL; above 48°N), OWASs have exhibited longer persistence, wider areal extent, and greater intensity than those developed solely over land. These landward migrations are associated with seasonal Atlantic teleconnection and Pacific circulation shift. Under the business-as-usual scenario, these two processes are projected to be enhanced, markedly increasing OWAS characteristics in NMHL driven by thermodynamic atmospheric responses to future warming. Intensified OWASs may not only help alleviate long-term droughts but also have the potential to accentuate pluvial risks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yansong Guan and Xihui Gu and Lunche Wang and Tianjun Zhou and Jun Xia and Dabang Jiang and Louise J. Slater and Luis Gimeno and Yadu Pokhrel and Gabriele Villarini and Jong-Seong Kug and Seok-Woo Son and Richard P. Allan and Jianfeng Li and Thian Yew Gan and Yinxue Liu and Dongdong Kong and Xiang Zhang and Xiangsen Cui}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0282}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadv0282}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Excess water availability in northern mid-high latitudes contiguously migrated from ocean under climate change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biocultural vulnerability of traditional crops in the indian trans-himalaya. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu6611. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traditional agricultural landscapes are vital reservoirs of biocultural heritage and agrobiodiversity, yet traditional farming systems and their unique crop landraces face increasing marginalization and genetic erosion. Using northwest Himalaya as a case study, we examine the ecological resilience and genetic diversity of an understudied traditional crop, black pea (scientific name unclear), alongside barley ( Hordeum vulgare ), and compare them to the introduced cash crop, green pea ( Pisum sativum L. ). Participatory field experiments with local farmers revealed that traditional crops outperform introduced varieties in survival and reproduction traits across sites. To our knowledge, we generate the first whole-genome sequencing data for black peas. Clustering and nutritional analyses highlight black pea’s genetic richness and dietary potential. Our findings underscore the importance of integrating traditional ecological knowledge with ecological science to sustain agrobiodiversity, enhance climate resilience, and promote sustainable food systems. We provide insights for global agrifood innovations and socioecological stability in fragile mountain ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Harman Jaggi and Akshata Anand and Katherine A. Solari and Alejandra Echeverri and Rinchen Tobge and Tanzin Tsewang and Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi and Shripad Tuljapurkar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6611}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu6611}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biocultural vulnerability of traditional crops in the indian trans-himalaya}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selective use of distant stone resources by the earliest oldowan toolmakers. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu5838. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The adaptive shift that favored stone tool–assisted behavior in hominins began by 3.3 million years ago. However, evidence from early archaeological sites indicates relatively short-distance stone transport dynamics similar to behaviors observed in nonhuman primates. Here we report selective raw material transport over longer distances than expected at least 2.6 million years ago. Hominins at Nyayanga, Kenya, manufactured Oldowan tools primarily from diverse nonlocal stones, pushing back the date for expanded raw material transport by over half a million years. Nonlocal cobbles were transported up to 13 kilometers for on-site reduction, resulting in assemblage patterns inconsistent with accumulations formed by repeated short-distance transport events. These findings demonstrate that early toolmakers moved stones over substantial distances, possibly in anticipation of food processing needs, representing the earliest archaeologically visible signal for the incorporation of lithic technology into landscape-scale foraging repertoires.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emma M. Finestone and Thomas W. Plummer and Peter W. Ditchfield and Jonathan S. Reeves and David R. Braun and Simion K. Bartilol and Nelson Kiprono Rotich and Laura C. Bishop and James S. Oliver and Rahab N. Kinyanjui and Michael D. Petraglia and Paul S. Breeze and Cristina Lemorini and Isabella Caricola and Paul Owich Obondo and Richard Potts}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5838}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu5838}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selective use of distant stone resources by the earliest oldowan toolmakers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sweat-sensitive adaptive warm clothing. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu3472. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thermal regulation in warm clothing is essential for enhancing human comfort in cold environments. However, traditional warm clothing lacks the ability to adapt to dynamic changes in the human body’s microenvironment. Here, we present an adaptive warm cloth, featuring a filling made of a natural bacterial cellulose membrane that responds to human sweating. The cloth’s thickness automatically adjusts from 13 millimeters (under low humidity and no sweating conditions) to 2 millimeters (under high humidity and sweating conditions), expanding the thermal regulation capability by 82.8% compared to traditional warm clothing with an unchanged thickness of 13 millimeters. Modeling results further suggest that deploying this adaptive warm clothing across 20 cities in China could extend the duration of the no thermal stress zone by an average of 7.5 hours. Combining exceptional thermal regulation, high stability, and scalability, this clothing represents a notable supplement to existing thermal management technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaofeng Jiang and Xiuqiang Li and Hongbo Zhang and Zhili Hu and Siyuan Jia and Guowen Meng and Po-Chun Hsu and Wanlin Guo and Zhuhua Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3472}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu3472}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sweat-sensitive adaptive warm clothing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Somatic CRISPR tumorigenesis and multiomic analysis reveal a pentose phosphate pathway disruption vulnerability in MPNSTs. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu2906. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive and chemo-resistant sarcomas with poor survival rates. Loss of CDKN2A or P53 following NF1 disruption is a key event in MPNST development. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 somatic tumorigenesis in mice to identify transcriptomic and metabolomic features distinguishing CDKN2A - versus P53 -deleted MPNSTs. Convergent, multiomic analyses revealed that CDKN2A -deleted MPNSTs are especially dependent on the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and NADPH metabolism for growth and viability. Disruption of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the PPP rate-limiting enzyme, slowed CDKN2A -deleted MPNST growth and sensitized MPNSTs to standard-of-care chemotherapy. Knockdown of the redox-regulated transcription factor NRF2 slowed MPNST growth and decreased G6PD transcription. Analysis of patient MPNSTs identified a NRF2 gene signature correlating with tumor transformation. Furthermore, G6PD and NRF2 expression in PanCancer TCGA samples correlates with patient survival. This work identifies NRF2-PPP dependency as a targetable vulnerability in these difficult-to-treat MPNSTs, particularly in the NF1/CDKN2A -deleted majority.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gavin R. McGivney and Qierra R. Brockman and Nicholas Borcherding and Amanda Scherer and Adam J. Rauckhorst and Wade R. Gutierrez and Shane R. Solst and Collin D. Heer and Akshaya Warrier and Warren Floyd and David G. Kirsch and Vickie L. Knepper-Adrian and Emily A. Laverty and Grace A. Roughton and Douglas R. Spitz and Eric B. Taylor and Rebecca D. Dodd}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2906}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu2906}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Somatic CRISPR tumorigenesis and multiomic analysis reveal a pentose phosphate pathway disruption vulnerability in MPNSTs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Data-driven global ocean modeling for seasonal to decadal prediction. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu2488. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Accurate modeling of ocean dynamics is crucial for enhancing our understanding of complex ocean circulation processes, predicting climate variability, and tackling challenges posed by climate change. Although great efforts have been made to improve traditional numerical models, predicting global ocean variability over multiyear scales remains challenging. Here, we propose ORCA-DL (Oceanic Reliable foreCAst via Deep Learning), a data-driven three-dimensional ocean model for seasonal to decadal prediction of global ocean dynamics. ORCA-DL accurately simulates the three-dimensional structure of global ocean dynamics with high physical consistency and outperforms state-of-the-art numerical models in capturing extreme events, including El Niño–Southern Oscillation and upper ocean heat waves. Moreover, ORCA-DL stably emulates ocean dynamics at decadal timescales, demonstrating its potential even for skillful decadal predictions and climate projections. Our results demonstrate the high potential of data-driven models for providing efficient and accurate global ocean modeling and prediction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zijie Guo and Pumeng Lyu and Fenghua Ling and Lei Bai and Jing-Jia Luo and Niklas Boers and Toshio Yamagata and Takeshi Izumo and Sophie Cravatte and Antonietta Capotondi and Wanli Ouyang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2488}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu2488}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Data-driven global ocean modeling for seasonal to decadal prediction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Initiation of meiosis from human iPSCs under defined conditions through identification of regulatory factors. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu0384. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Meiotic failure is a major cause of infertility, but the lack of an in vitro model of human meiosis is a barrier to understanding its mechanism. Here, we establish a method to initiate meiosis directly from male or female human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). DNMT1 inhibition, retinoid signaling activation, and overexpression of regulatory factors (antiapoptotic BCL2 and promeiotic HOXB5, BOLL, or MEIOC) rapidly activates meiosis over a 15-day protocol. Our protocol bypasses the primordial germ cell stage and directly generates cells expressing genes similar to meiotic oogonia, including oogonia markers, all synaptonemal complex components, and meiotic recombination machinery. DNMT1 inhibition rapidly erases DNA methylation, including at imprinting control regions and promoters of meiotic genes. Microscopy shows key aspects of meiosis, including chromosome axis formation and synapsis in live human cells. Our model of human meiosis provides opportunities for studying this critical reproductive process under chemically defined conditions in vitro.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Merrick Pierson Smela and Jessica Adams and Carl Ma and Laura Breimann and Ursula Widocki and Bogdan Dobre and Toshihiro Shioda and George M. Church}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0384}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu0384}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Initiation of meiosis from human iPSCs under defined conditions through identification of regulatory factors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mismatch in reindeer resilience to past and future warming signals ongoing declines. SCIADV, 11(33), eadu0175. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rangifer tarandus (caribou or reindeer) survived periods of abrupt climatic warming during the last deglaciation but are currently in global decline. Using process-explicit models of likely climate-human- Rangifer interactions and inferences of demographic change from radiocarbon-dated fossils and ancient DNA, we reconstruct and decipher 21,000 years of Rangifer population dynamics. These high-resolution population reconstructions pinpoint ecological characteristics and life-history traits that most likely enabled Rangifer to survive rapid warming events following the Last Glacial Maximum. Projecting these process-driven models into the future reveals that these attributes are unlikely to buffer Rangifer against wide-scale population declines from expected 21st Century climatic warming. Our findings highlight a need to boost investments in the management and conservation of Rangifer , particularly in North America, where projected losses are expected to exceed 80%. This will not only support the survival of the species and the vital services it renders in Arctic ecosystems, but also help sustain the socioeconomic, cultural, and emotional well-being of many Rangifer -dependent communities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elisabetta Canteri and Stuart C. Brown and Eric Post and Niels Martin Schmidt and David Nogues-Bravo and Damien A. Fordham}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0175}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadu0175}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mismatch in reindeer resilience to past and future warming signals ongoing declines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topological classification of driven-dissipative nonlinear systems. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt9311. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In topology, averaging over local geometrical details reveals robust global features. These are crucial in physics for understanding quantized bulk transport and exotic boundary effects of linear wave propagation in (meta-)materials. Beyond linear Hamiltonian systems, topological physics strives to characterize open (non-Hermitian) and interacting systems. Here, we establish a framework for the topological classification of driven-dissipative nonlinear systems by defining a graph index for their Floquet semiclassical equations of motion. Our index builds upon the topology of vector flows and encodes the particle-hole nature of excitations around all out-of-equilibrium stationary states. Thus, we uncover the topology of nonlinear resonator’s dynamics under external and parametric forcing. Our framework sheds light on the topology of driven-dissipative phases, including under- to overdamped responses and symmetry-broken phases linked to population inversion. We therefore expose the pervasive link between topology and nonlinear dynamics, with broad implications for interacting topological insulators, topological solitons, neuromorphic networks, and bosonic codes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Greta Villa and Javier del Pino and Vincent Dumont and Gianluca Rastelli and Mateusz Michałek and Alexander Eichler and Oded Zilberberg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9311}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt9311}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topological classification of driven-dissipative nonlinear systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Long-lasting, subtype-specific regulation of somatostatin interneurons during sensory learning. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt8956. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Somatostatin (SST)–expressing inhibitory neurons are a major class of neocortical γ-aminobutyric acid neurons, where morphological, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic analyses indicate more than a dozen different subtypes. However, whether this diversity is related to specific roles in cortical computations and plasticity remains unclear. Here, we identify learning-dependent, subtype-specific plasticity in layer 2/3 SST neurons of the mouse somatosensory cortex. Martinotti-type, SST neurons expressing calbindin-2 show a selective decrease in excitatory synaptic input and stimulus-evoked calcium responses, as mice learn a stimulus-reward association. Using these insights, we develop a label-free classifier using basal activity from in vivo imaging that accurately predicts learning-associated response plasticity. Our data indicate that molecularly defined SST neuron subtypes play specific and highly regulated roles in sensory information processing and learning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew B. Mosso and Mo Zhu and Xiaoyang Ma and Eunsol Park and Alison L. Barth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8956}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt8956}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Long-lasting, subtype-specific regulation of somatostatin interneurons during sensory learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Attribution of flood impacts shows strong benefits of adaptation in europe since 1950. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt7068. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flood impacts in Europe are considered to be increasing, but attribution of impacts to climatic and societal drivers of past floods has been limited to a selection of recent events. Here, we present an impact attribution study covering 1729 riverine, flash, coastal, and compound events that were responsible for an estimated 83 to 96% of flood-related impacts in Europe between 1950 and 2020. We show that, in most regions, the magnitude of flood impacts relative to the 1950 baseline has been regulated primarily by direct human actions. The population and economic value at risk have increased, but the effect of exposure growth has been largely compensated by reductions in vulnerability due to improved risk management. Observed long-term changes in climate and human alterations of river catchments were also important drivers of flood hazard in many regions, but ultimately less relevant for trends in total, continental-wide impacts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dominik Paprotny and Aloïs Tilloy and Simon Treu and Anna Buch and Michalis I. Vousdoukas and Luc Feyen and Heidi Kreibich and Bruno Merz and Katja Frieler and Matthias Mengel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7068}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt7068}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Attribution of flood impacts shows strong benefits of adaptation in europe since 1950}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale protein interactome reveals lineage-specific genes driving plant-parasitic nematode adaptive innovations. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt5107. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mounting evidence suggests that lineage-specific genes drive phenotype diversity. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), among the most destructive plant pathogens, have evolved innovated traits required for plant parasitism, yet the genetic basis remains unclear. Here, we identify PPN lineage–specific genes (PPNLSGs) and analyze the large-scale protein interactome of their encoded proteins (PPNLSPs). By using yeast two-hybrid assays, we identify 2705 protein-protein interactions involving PPNLSPs from stem nematode Ditylenchus destructor , and by using computational methods, we predict conserved interactions of D. destructor proteins at the genome-wide level. Integration of these data allows generating a comprehensive protein interactome map, showing established complexes and PPNLSP modules, and allowing functional annotations for 306 uncharacterized PPNLSPs. Among these interactions, we identify multiple PPNLSPs associated with chemotaxis and infectivity based on these PPNLSP modules and propose a chemotaxis pathway model of host seeking. Our study indicates PPNLSGs as drivers of PPN adaptive innovations and provides a reference resource for future research on PPN biology and control strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guoqiang Huang and Kai Wang and Fanling Li and Si Gao and Hualin Liu and Feng Chen and Zhonglin Liu and Yangyang Chen and Chunxiao Wang and Mengci Xu and Boyan Hu and Chuanshuai Xie and Yanli Ma and Dadong Dai and Yangjie Li and Xudong Li and Dexin Bo and Ling Chen and Alejandra Bravo and Mario Soberón and Jinshui Zheng and Donghai Peng and Ming Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5107}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt5107}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale protein interactome reveals lineage-specific genes driving plant-parasitic nematode adaptive innovations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cross dual-microcomb dispersion interferometry ranging. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt4252. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soliton microcombs offer unprecedented laser sources for high-precision ranging due to their merits of high repetition rate, excellent coherence, and compact size. However, high repetition rate limits the nonambiguity range (NAR) of ranging. Previous dual-comb–based methods can extend the NAR, but asynchronous measurement error (AME) is commonly introduced, which greatly limits the ranging accuracy. Here, we propose a cross dual-microcomb absolute ranging scheme based on dispersion-interferometry method. The AME introduced during dynamic measurement is completely eliminated by one-shot spectral sampling, while the NAR is extended from 3 millimeters to 339 meters by Vernier effect when the repetition-rate jitter is 2 hertz. In addition, the excellent system performance has been verified at different distances and the Allan deviation down to 5.63 nanometers after averaging 56 seconds. Our scheme boasts the potential of straightforward chip architecture and minimal detector requirements and provides an advanced method for future high-precision long-distance ranging and miniaturized lidar systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Wang and Jindong Wang and Jingsheng Huang and Weiqiang Wang and Long Huang and Wen Shao and Minhui Cheng and Brent E. Little and Sai Tak Chu and Wei Zhao and Wenfu Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4252}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt4252}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cross dual-microcomb dispersion interferometry ranging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An ancient enhancer rapidly evolving in the human lineage promotes neural development and cognitive flexibility. SCIADV, 11(33), eadt0534. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The genetic changes driving the evolution of humans since the human-chimpanzee split have been elusive. Here, we report a promising candidate in a chromosomal region linked with neurological defects—17p13.3. We show that this 442-nucleotide sequence—human-accelerated region (HAR) 123—is a conserved neural enhancer that promotes neural progenitor cell (NPC) formation. While present in all mammals, HAR123 has rapidly evolved since humans diverged from chimpanzees. The human and chimpanzee HAR123 orthologs exhibit subtle differences in their neural developmental effects, and the human HAR123 ortholog uniquely regulates many genes involved in neural differentiation. We identified direct targets of the HAR123 enhancer and showed that HIC1 acts downstream of HAR123 to promote human NPC formation. HAR123-knockout mice exhibit a defect in cognitive flexibility and a shift in neural-glia ratio in specific regions of the hippocampus. Our study has implications for neurodevelopmental disorders, which are often accompanied by altered neural-glia ratio and have been linked with HARs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kun Tan and Kendall Higgins and Qing Liu and Miles F. Wilkinson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0534}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadt0534}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An ancient enhancer rapidly evolving in the human lineage promotes neural development and cognitive flexibility}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Submarine ash megabed fed by far-traveled, shoreline-crossing pyroclastic currents from a large explosive volcanic eruption. SCIADV, 11(33), eads9642. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Large explosive volcanic eruptions from island volcanoes deliver vast quantities of ash to the marine environment. While many of the transport pathways are understood, those from shoreline-crossing or submarine pyroclastic currents, and their transformation into water-supported gravity flows, remain poorly constrained. We report the discovery by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) deep drilling of a 200-meter-thick ash megabed buried in rift basins of the South Aegean Volcanic Arc. The >73–cubic kilometer ash deposit originates from the Kos Plateau Tuff caldera-forming eruption, which occurred 161 thousand years ago, >120 kilometers to the east. The ash forms a chemically uniform, graded megabed lacking bioturbation, interpreted as having been emplaced by a stream of eruption-fed turbidity currents. Bioclastic debris within the ash provides evidence of widespread destruction of marine ecosystems. Large volcanic eruptions can remodel the seafloor landscape, deposit thick ash turbidites, and destroy marine biota on island arc–wide scales in short-lived, catastrophic events.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abigail Metcalfe and Tim Druitt and Katharina Pank and Steffen Kutterolf and Jonas Preine and Karim Kelfoun and Christian Hübscher and Paraskevi Nomikou and Thomas A. Ronge and Shun Chiyonobu and Olga Koukousioura and Adam Woodhouse and Sarah Beethe and Michael Manga and Iona McIntosh and Masako Tominaga and Carole Berthod and Hehe Chen and Acacia Clark and Susan DeBari and Ralf Gertisser and Raymond Johnston and Ally Peccia and Yuzuru Yamamoto and Alexis Bernard and Tatiana Fernandez Perez and Christopher K. Jones and Kumar Batuk Joshi and Günther Kletetschka and Molly McCanta and Antony Morris and Paraskevi Polymenakou and Xiaohui Li and Jean-Marie Nedelec and Hao-Yang Lee and Dimitrios Papanikolaou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9642}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eads9642}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Submarine ash megabed fed by far-traveled, shoreline-crossing pyroclastic currents from a large explosive volcanic eruption}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diurnal urban rainfall anomalies across different landscapes. SCIADV, 11(33), eads5046. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Urbanization influences regional climates and extreme weather. While previous research has documented urban-induced precipitation for specific cities or storm cases, diurnal urban precipitation anomalies across different landscapes remain poorly understood. Analyzing diurnal and seasonal variations of urban precipitation anomalies across 175 US cities, we found strong urban effects on precipitation especially during summer afternoons. Large, inland cities can receive 10% more summer afternoon rainfall, and the pattern varies with urban heat islands and wind conditions. Coastal cities, under the influence of sea-land breeze, experience three times amplified daily urban precipitation enhancements than inland cities. Urban impacts are also noted for mountain cities, affecting their topography-dominated precipitation patterns. With increasing thresholds of extreme precipitation, most US cities experience more intense rainfall compared to their rural backgrounds. This study enhances our understanding of hitherto poorly documented diurnal aspects of urban rainfall through geographically distributed, landscape-specific rainfall anomalies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinxin Sui and Zong-Liang Yang and Dev Niyogi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5046}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eads5046}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diurnal urban rainfall anomalies across different landscapes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HMGB1 deforms nucleosomal DNA to generate a dynamic chromatin environment counteracting the effects of linker histone. SCIADV, 11(33), eads4473. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The essential architectural protein HMGB1 increases accessibility of nucleosomal DNA and counteracts the effects of linker histone H1. However, HMGB1 is less abundant than H1 and binds nucleosomes more weakly, raising the question of how it competes with H1. Here, we find that HMGB1 increases nucleosomal DNA accessibility without displacing H1. HMGB1 also increases the dynamics of condensed, H1-bound chromatin. Unexpectedly, cryo–electron microscopy structures show HMGB1 bound at internal locations on nucleosomes and local DNA distortion. These sites are away from where H1 binds, explaining how HMGB1 and H1 can co-occupy a nucleosome. Our findings suggest a model where HMGB1 counteracts the effects of H1 by distorting nucleosomal DNA and disrupting interactions of the H1 carboxyl-terminal tail with DNA. Compared to mutually exclusive binding, co-occupancy by HMGB1 and H1 allows greater diversity in dynamic chromatin states. More generally, these results explain how architectural proteins acting at the nucleosome scale can have large effects on chromatin dynamics at the mesoscale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hayden S. Saunders and Un Seng Chio and Camille M. Moore and Vijay Ramani and Yifan Cheng and Geeta J. Narlikar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4473}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eads4473}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HMGB1 deforms nucleosomal DNA to generate a dynamic chromatin environment counteracting the effects of linker histone}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale maps of altered cortical dynamics in early-stage psychosis are related to GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. SCIADV, 11(33), eads0400. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Psychotic disorders affect GABAergic inhibition and glutamatergic excitation via NMDA receptors across the cerebral cortex. The mechanisms by which these distributed synaptic alterations produce the heterogenous symptoms of psychosis remain poorly understood. Using magnetoencephalographical source imaging, we mapped psychosis-related alterations of various features of intrinsic neural population dynamics across the human cortex. The cortex-wide patterns of these features were highly reproducible and related to the anatomical hierarchy of cortical areas. We found similar changes in these patterns for individuals with a first episode of psychosis and those at clinical high risk for psychosis. Maps of psychosis-induced changes in dynamics resembled the maps of GABA-A receptor densities and of pharmacological GABA-A or NMDA manipulation effects on cortical dynamics in healthy participants. The level of pattern similarity to GABA-A manipulation effects in individual patients correlated with positive symptoms, while the pattern similarity to NMDA effects correlated with negative symptoms. Our results open up a window on the distributed mechanisms of psychotic symptoms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ayelet Arazi and Alessandro Toso and Tineke Grent-‘t-Jong and Peter J. Uhlhaas and Tobias H. Donner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0400}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eads0400}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale maps of altered cortical dynamics in early-stage psychosis are related to GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fourier synthesis optical diffraction tomography for kilohertz rate volumetric imaging. SCIADV, 11(33), eadr8004. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many biological and soft matter processes occur at high speeds in complex three-dimensional (3D) environments, and developing imaging techniques capable of elucidating their dynamics is an outstanding challenge. Here, we introduce Fourier synthesis optical diffraction tomography (FS-ODT), a quantitative phase imaging approach capable of recording the 3D refractive index at kilohertz rates. FS-ODT introduces computational strategies that multiplex tens of illumination angles in a single tomogram, markedly increasing the volumetric imaging rate. We validate FS-ODT on samples of known composition, hindered diffusion of colloids in solution, and the motility of bacterial swimmers. We also integrate FS-ODT into a multimodal microscope combining refractive index imaging with multicolor structured illumination microscopy. FS-ODT is a promising approach for unlocking imaging regimes that have been little explored, including understanding the physical interactions of colloids and microswimmers with their 3D environment and the interplay between these stimuli and the molecular response of biological systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peter T. Brown and Nikta Jabbarzadeh and Luis Meneses and Kaia Swanson and Aidan Pintuff and Ekaterina Monakhova and Rory Kruithoff and Navish Wadhwa and Domenico F. Galati and Douglas P. Shepherd}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8004}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadr8004}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fourier synthesis optical diffraction tomography for kilohertz rate volumetric imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Complex II assembly drives metabolic adaptation to OXPHOS dysfunction. SCIADV, 11(33), eadr6012. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During acute oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction, reversal of succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) maintains the redox state of the Coenzyme Q (Q)–pool by using fumarate as terminal electron acceptor in certain tissues and cell lines. We identified the action of SDHAF2 protein, a complex II assembly factor, as critical for metabolic adaptation during complex III dysfunction in HEK293T cells. SDHAF2 loss during complex III inhibition led to a net reductive TCA cycle from loss of succinate oxidation, loss of SDHA active site–derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, insufficient glycolytic adaptation, and a severe growth impairment. Glycolysis adapted cells, however, did not accumulate SDHAF2 upon Q-pool stress, exhibited a net reductive TCA cycle and mild growth phenotypes regardless of SDHAF2 presence. Thus, our study reveals how complex II assembly controls a balance between dynamics of TCA cycle directionality, protection from Q-pool stress, and an ability to use ROS-meditated signaling to overcome acute OXPHOS dysfunction in cells reliant on mitochondrial respiration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Roopasingam Kugapreethan and Sheik Nadeem Elahee Doomun and Joanna Sacharz and Ann E. Frazier and Tanavi Sharma and Yau Chung Low and Shuai Nie and Michael G. Leeming and Linden Muellner-Wong and Karena Last and Tegan Stait and David P. De Souza and David R. Thorburn and Malcolm J. McConville and David A. Stroud}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6012}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadr6012}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Complex II assembly drives metabolic adaptation to OXPHOS dysfunction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Traction force and mechanosensitivity mediate species-specific implantation patterns in human and mouse embryos. SCIADV, 11(33), eadr5199. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The invasion of human embryos in the uterus overcoming the maternal tissue barrier is a crucial step in embryo implantation and subsequent development. Although tissue invasion is fundamentally a mechanical process, most studies have focused on the biochemical and genetic aspects of implantation. Here, we fill the gap by using a deformable ex vivo platform to visualize traction during human embryo implantation. We demonstrate that embryos apply forces remodeling the matrix with species-specific displacement amplitudes and distinct radial patterns: principal displacement directions for mouse embryos, expanding on the surface while human embryos insert in the matrix generating multiple traction foci. Implantation-impaired human embryos showed reduced displacement, as well as mouse embryos with inhibited integrin-mediated force transmission. External mechanical cues induced a mechanosensitive response, human embryos recruited myosin, and directed cell protrusions, while mouse embryos oriented their implantation or body axis toward the external cue. These findings underscore the role of mechanical forces in driving species-specific invasion patterns during embryo implantation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amélie Luise Godeau and Anna Seriola and Oren Tchaicheeyan and Marc Casals and Denitza Denkova and Ester Aroca and Ot Massafret and Albert Parra and Maria Demestre and Anna Ferrer-Vaquer and Shahar Goren and Anna Veiga and Miquel Solé and Montse Boada and Jordi Comelles and Elena Martínez and Julien Colombelli and Ayelet Lesman and Samuel Ojosnegros}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5199}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {33}, pages = {eadr5199}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Traction force and mechanosensitivity mediate species-specific implantation patterns in human and mouse embryos}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “DUX4-r exerts a neomorphic activity that depends on GTF2I in acute lymphoblastic leukemia” by d. campolungo et al.. SCIADV, 11(32), eaea3122. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “DUX4-r exerts a neomorphic activity that depends on GTF2I in acute lymphoblastic leukemia” by D. Campolungo et al. the authors inadvertently used the incorrect Venn diagrams in fig. S1F of the Supplementary Materials during figure preparation. In addition, the original table S1 included the incorrect gene lists that were not sorted as stated in the text and “readme” sheet.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea3122}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eaea3122}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “DUX4-r exerts a neomorphic activity that depends on GTF2I in acute lymphoblastic leukemia” by d. campolungo et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Disruption of BAG3-mediated BACE1 stabilization alleviates neuropathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of alzheimer’s disease” by l. xia et al.. SCIADV, 11(32), eaea3085. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “Disruption of BAG3-mediated BACE1 stabilization alleviates neuropathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease” by L. Xia et al., the y-axis label is missing in Fig. 1H, the labels for “with/without CQ and MG132” in Fig. 2P are incorrect, and the control peptide (“sTat-BACE1480-494”) was mistakenly labeled as “Tat-NC” in Fig. 4H. Additionally, in the Supplementary Materials, the control peptide (“sTat-BACE1480-494”) was mistakenly labeled as “NC” and the panel label “I” was missing in fig. S7G, the labels for the control peptide (“sTat-BACE1480-494”) and the experimental peptide (“Tat-BACE1480-494”) were reversed in fig. S8, and the concentration of Tat-BACE1480-494 was incorrectly written as 1600 μM instead of 160 μM in figs. S10 (B, D, and F) and S11 (B, D, and F).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea3085}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eaea3085}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Disruption of BAG3-mediated BACE1 stabilization alleviates neuropathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of alzheimer’s disease” by l. xia et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). More comprehensive cell profiling to understand normal and disease states. SCIADV, 11(32), eaea2435. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Single-cell multitargets and mRNA sequencing enable the simultaneous profiling of transcriptome and up to six histone modifications in individual cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huong Huynh and Haiqi Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea2435}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eaea2435}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {More comprehensive cell profiling to understand normal and disease states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heparan sulfate fine-tuned interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling inhibits insulin secretion of grafted pancreatic islets. SCIADV, 11(32), eady8566. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Islet-resident macrophages contribute to hypoxia-induced islet cell death during pancreatic islet transplantation. However, their specific role during this process remains elusive. Here, we report that interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β are released by islet-resident macrophages, resulting in the suppression of insulin secretion. This may be due to a decreased inflammation-driven expression of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) and MafA in β cells. Islet-resident macrophages release significantly less IL-1α when compared to IL-1β. However, both cytokines inhibit insulin expression and secretion to a comparable extent. We identified heparan sulfate on the islet surface, which acts as a “molecular glue” potentiating the inhibitory action of IL-1α on insulin expression via specific binding to IL-1 receptor (IL-1R). In vivo analyses revealed that the loss of IL-1 signaling in isolated islets accelerates their revascularization and, thus, enhances their endocrine function. These findings indicate that heparan sulfate fine-tuned IL-1 signaling crucially determines the outcome of islet transplantation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Selina Wrublewsky and Sandra Rother and Franziska Pohlemann and Toni Radanovic and Fabian Junker and Anne S. Boewe and Stefan Schunk and Leticia P. Roma and Gloria Ruiz-Gómez and M. Teresa Pisabarro and Patrick E. MacDonald and Michael D. Menger and Matthias W. Laschke and Emmanuel Ampofo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8566}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eady8566}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heparan sulfate fine-tuned interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling inhibits insulin secretion of grafted pancreatic islets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Time-resolved atomic-resolution brownian tomography of single nanocrystals reveals size-dependent dynamics. SCIADV, 11(32), eady1413. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atomic-resolution structure identification of nanocrystals by graphene liquid cell electron microscopy (GLC-EM) has revealed that small, solubilized platinum nanocrystals consist of an ordered crystalline core surrounded by mobile surface atoms, which dissociate during oxidative etching, resulting in distinct temporal structural states. Requirements imposed by the 3D reconstruction algorithm limit the number of structural states that can be resolved. We introduce a regularized 3D reconstruction algorithm that exploits the redundancy inherent in the experimental data, allowing us to improve the time resolution. Our developments provide a comprehensive molecular picture at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution of the nonlinear, linear, and fluctuating dynamic phenomena that single nanocrystals undergo during the GLC-EM experiment. We determined atomic structures of 66 temporal structural states, extracted from 15 time trajectories of individual nanocrystals. Large (478 to 698 atoms) and small (<300 atoms) nanocrystals show etching that preserves a stable core, whereas mid-sized (351 to 571 atoms) nanocrystals present dynamics that change the coordination of the core.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rubén Meana-Pañeda and Canran Ji and Cong T. S. Van and Cyril F. Reboul and Sungsu Kang and Sungin Kim and Jinho Rhee and Yunseo Lee and Peter Ercius and Wojciech Czaja and Jungwon Park and Hans Elmlund}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady1413}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eady1413}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Time-resolved atomic-resolution brownian tomography of single nanocrystals reveals size-dependent dynamics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cryogenic electron tomography reveals helical organization of lipoprotein lipase in storage vesicles. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx8711. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a triglyceride lipase that is contained in intracellular vesicles in an inactive storage form before secretion, but the precise structural details have not yet been resolved. Using cryo–electron tomography (cryo-ET), we observe that LPL exists inside of storage vesicles as a filament with an 11-nanometer diameter and is packed in these vesicles in two distinct patterns. Next, we solved a 4.2-Å resolution cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of this 11-nanometer LPL filament using purified protein. The filament is made of repeating pairs of LPL molecules with occluded active sites, rendering the LPL inactive. The comparison of the in situ subtomogram average and the in vitro cryo-EM structure indicates that the previously uncharacterized physiological storage form of LPL is an inactive filament.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kathryn H. Gunn and Anna Wheless and Thomas Calcraft and Mark Kreutzberger and Kareem El-Houshy and Edward H. Egelman and Peter B. Rosenthal and Saskia B. Neher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8711}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx8711}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cryogenic electron tomography reveals helical organization of lipoprotein lipase in storage vesicles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrated horizontal convective PCR system for clinical diagnostics. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx8434. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rapid and accurate disease diagnosis in resource-limited settings is critical for optimizing medical resources and controlling epidemic outbreaks. However, developing a point-of-care detection system that is user-friendly, cost-effective, highly accurate, and exhibits strong specificity remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report an integrated horizontal convection PCR system (IHCS) for clinical point-of-care testing, capable of real-time fluorescence detection. IHCS leverages horizontal thermal convection within a capillary to drive sample flow and temperature cycling for nucleic acid amplification, making it suitable for both home use and on-site rapid detection. Capillary action enables swift sample loading, thereby simplifying the overall procedure, and the horizontal thermal convection overcomes the volume limitations inherent in vertical systems. Validation with 130 clinical samples demonstrated that the system successfully detected HBV, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza A virus within 40 min, achieving excellent sensitivity (>96%) and specificity (100%). Overall, the IHCS integrates microfluidics, thermal engineering, and optical sensing and offers a paradigm-shifting solution for point-of-care diagnostics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenshang Guo and Minghui Xu and Ye Tao and Weiyu Liu and Hongwei Zhou and Xue Guan and Ruizhe Yang and Zhenyou Ge and Rui Xue and Zhongqiang Zhang and Haizhou Zhou and Yukun Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8434}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx8434}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrated horizontal convective PCR system for clinical diagnostics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stressomic: A wearable microfluidic biosensor for dynamic profiling of multiple stress hormones in sweat. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx6491. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Managing stress is essential for mental and physical health, yet current methods rely on subjective self-assessments or indirect physiological measurements, often lacking accuracy. Existing wearable sensors primarily target a single stress hormone, cortisol, using single-point measurements that fail to capture real-time changes and distinguish between acute and chronic stress. To address this, we present Stressomic, a wearable multiplexed microfluidic biosensor for noninvasive monitoring of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine in sweat. Stressomic integrates iontophoresis-driven sweat extraction with bursting valve-regulated microfluidic channels for continuous sampling and analysis. Gold nanodendrite–decorated laser-engraved graphene electrodes achieve picomolar-level sensitivity, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple stress hormones. Electrochemical assays and human studies demonstrate that Stressomic reliably tracks hormone fluctuations in response to physical, psychological, and pharmacological stressors. Distinct temporal patterns reveal the dynamic interplay between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. This platform enables continuous, multiplexed stress profiling, offering opportunities for early detection of maladaptive responses, personalized stress management, and deeper insights into stress biology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiaobing Tu and Jeonghee Yeom and Joshua Chaj Ulloa and Samuel A. Solomon and Jihong Min and Wenzheng Heng and Gwangmook Kim and Jadelynn Dao and Rohan Vemu and Marion Pang and Canran Wang and Dong-Hwan Kim and Wei Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6491}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx6491}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stressomic: A wearable microfluidic biosensor for dynamic profiling of multiple stress hormones in sweat}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A closed-loop bioelectronic patch for intelligent blood pressure management. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx6438. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality due to passive and delayed drug interventions. This study introduces an intelligent blood pressure management system (BPMS) for real-time monitoring and adaptive intervention through a closed-loop framework integrating sensors, control circuits, and microneedle electrodes. A hierarchical microneedle architecture, featuring gold nanoparticle (Au NP) electrocatalysts and copper-nitrogen–doped carbon nanoribbon (Cu-NC NB) nanozymes, selectively catalyzes the in situ generation of nitric oxide (NO) for vasodilation. To enhance NO delivery, an electroosmotic flow (EOF) mechanism extends the diffusion range up to 4 millimeters through a porous microneedle (PMN) array, enabling effective vascular penetration. In vivo studies in rabbits and pigs confirm that BPMS dynamically regulates NO release in response to fluctuating blood pressure, achieving real-time hemodynamic control. This work pioneers a closed-loop strategy for continuous blood pressure monitoring and on-demand vasodilation, offering a transformative approach to the intelligent management of cardiovascular diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuyan Zou and Zeguo Chen and Bowen Jin and Linghui Lyu and Yongting Xie and Yuqing Li and Ke Zeng and Siqi Yan and Zhongshi Wu and Wansong Chen and You-Nian Liu and Yanli Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6438}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx6438}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A closed-loop bioelectronic patch for intelligent blood pressure management}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A large intraplate hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system driven by serpentinization in the western pacific: Kunlun. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx3202. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Kunlun hydrothermal system near the Mussau Trench in the western Pacific consists of 20 large round/oval craters of hundreds of meters in diameter. The total area is 11.1 square kilometers, i.e., over a hundred times larger than the Lost City. Four of the larger craters were prospected using the human occupied vehicle Fendouzhe and have steep walls similar to those of kimberlite pipes, with depths of up to 130 meters. Ecosystems have been observed in smaller pits on the bottom of these pipes. Hydrogen concentrations of ~5.9 to 6.8 millimoles per kilogram in hydrothermal fluids have been obtained using in situ Raman spectra. The estimated total hydrogen flux of Kunlun is 4.8 × 10 11 moles per year, which is >5% of the estimated global submarine abiotic hydrogen flux. Hydrogen-rich, alkaline fluids generated by serpentinization have formed large-scale carbonate rocks within the pipes below the carbonate compensation depth, and both dolomite and calcite have been identified.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lianfu Li and Hongyun Zhang and Shichuan Xi and Chenglong Liu and Congying Li and Jian Zheng and Jing Huang and Yufei Hao and Xin Zhang and Weidong Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3202}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx3202}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A large intraplate hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system driven by serpentinization in the western pacific: Kunlun}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exciton polariton condensation in a perovskite moiré flat band at room temperature. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx2361. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Moiré superlattices exhibit fascinating moiré flat bands when two layers of van der Waals materials are twisted at specific magic angles, providing unparalleled opportunities to explore unconventional correlated quantum phenomena. Exciton polaritons, hybrid quasiparticles of excitons and photons, have emerged as promising synthetic platforms for exploring moiré physics beyond conventional systems. However, the realization of moiré exciton-polariton flat bands and their condensation remains challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a moiré exciton-polariton flat band with condensation in a perovskite moiré superlattice at room temperature. By engineering a 21.79° magic-angle moiré superlattice potential with enhanced interlayer coupling, we experimentally observe a polaritonic moiré flat band near the corresponding monolayer’s Dirac points position in the perovskite microcavity. Under a nonresonant pulsed excitation, polaritons with proper detuning condense into the moiré flat band at room temperature. Our work provides a unique platform for investigating exotic moiré phenomena and unlocks promising avenues toward advanced polaritonic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Jin and Jiahao Ren and Simone Zanotti and Peiyuan Cui and Hao Zheng and Jie Liang and Jinyang Ni and Zhe Wang and Fulong Shi and Cheng-Wei Qiu and Guoqing Chang and Timothy C. H. Liew and Rui Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2361}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx2361}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exciton polariton condensation in a perovskite moiré flat band at room temperature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A streamlined CRISPR-based test for tuberculosis detection directly from sputum. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx2067. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) is a major threat to global health, and there is an urgent need for affordable, simple tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in underresourced areas. Here, we combine recombinase polymerase amplification with Cas13a and Cas12a detection to create two parallelized one-pot assays that detect two conserved elements of Mtb ( IS6110 and IS1081 ) and a human DNA internal control. These assays are compatible with lateral flow and can be readily lyophilized. Our final assay showed a limit of detection of 69.0 CFU per milliliter for Mtb H37Rv and 80.5 CFU per milliliter for Mycobacterium bovis BCG in spiked sputum, with no cross-reactivity to diverse bacterial or fungal isolates. Clinical tests on 13 blinded sputum samples revealed 100% (six of six) sensitivity and 100% (seven of seven) specificity compared to culture. SHINE-TB streamlines TB diagnosis from sample to answer by combining amplification and detection while being compatible with lateral flow and lyophilization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexandra G. Bell and Owen R. S. Dunkley and Nisha H. Modi and Yujia Huang and Soleil Tseng and Robert Reiss and Naranjargal Daivaa and J. Lucian Davis and Deninson Alejandro Vargas and Padmapriya Banada and Yingda L. Xie and Cameron Myhrvold}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2067}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx2067}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A streamlined CRISPR-based test for tuberculosis detection directly from sputum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomistic mechanism of noncanonical voltage gating in K2P channels. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx1680. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In classical voltage-gated cation channels, the movement of a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) opens a gate in the pore domain. However, two-pore domain K + (K 2P ) channels lack a VSD and instead rely on K + movement within the selectivity filter (SF) to convert voltage changes into pore opening. To uncover the atomistic basis of voltage gating in TREK K 2P channels, we integrated large-scale atomistic molecular dynamics simulations with extensive mutagenesis and patch-clamp electrophysiology, including sucrose-based experiments. Simulations revealed an asymmetric stability difference along the SF that results in a water-permeable extracellular side and a watertight intracellular side. Inactivation during inward flux occurs when water penetrates into the inner binding site and halts ion permeation, followed by the unbinding of three K + ions, consistent with gating charge analysis. Our findings provide unprecedented atomistic insights into the C-type inactivation of TREK K 2P channels and establish a framework for investigating noncanonical voltage gating mechanisms in other ion channels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yessenbek K. Aldakul and Marcus Schewe and Carlos Coll-Diez and Songhwan Hwang and Thomas Baukrowitz and Han Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1680}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx1680}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomistic mechanism of noncanonical voltage gating in K2P channels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soft reconfigurable logic gates with high-frequency electrical switching. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx1509. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The development of functional soft materials has motivated replacing rigid electronics with stretchable logic structures. However, soft logic gates for macroscopic soft robots usually operate at low frequencies (<5 hertz). Here, we present high-frequency soft logic gates based on soft electric switches with ultralow latency (2 milliseconds). Fast switching is achieved using a tailored piezoresistive material—graphite frameworks (GFs)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). The GFs/PDMS strip exhibits a large resistance change within ~0.01% strain, allowing soft logic gates to operate up to 100 hertz. A soft oscillator is further developed using feedback control with a soft NOT gate and achieves autonomous deformation across ~1 to 78 hertz, demonstrating actuation, sensing, and feedback control capabilities. Compared to other soft electrical switches, this scheme also features a compact size (5 cubic centimeter) and low power consumption (0.4 milliwatts). This work enables fast, accurate control for electrostatic soft robots, enhancing their autonomy and interaction capabilities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiqun Xu and Fei Zhang and Philipp Rothemund and Christoph Keplinger and Zhipeng Xu and Jisen Li and Qingbin Zheng and Jian Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1509}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx1509}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soft reconfigurable logic gates with high-frequency electrical switching}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An energy-embodied paralleled liquid manipulation for equipment-free, quantitative multiplexed liver function monitoring. SCIADV, 11(32), eadx0092. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Comprehensive liver function monitoring is vital for liver damage diagnoses. However, multiplexed testing with clinical accuracy often requires paralleled liquid manipulation to avoid reagent interference and nonspecific adsorption, making it restricted to centralized facilities and specialists. Here, we report an equipment-free, quantitative, and multiplexed point-of-care testing (POCT), the energy-embodied POCT (EE-POCT). The driving energy (pressured gas) and liquid reagents are embodied in separate rigid-flexible chambers through a mechanical pressure sensing mechanism to achieve a paralleled, interference-free, and multiple-reagent operation with no need for external equipment. The EE-POCT achieves quantitative results for nine liver-related indicators from 180 microliters of whole blood within 4 minutes. Validated with 103 clinical specimens, it shows high concordance with a clinical gold standard analyzer (Pearson coefficients >0.9). The EE-POCT platform not only advances liver health diagnostics but also sets a precedent for developing versatile, accessible medical technologies that can significantly affect global health outcomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao Liang and Jingyang Zhao and Pingdong Wei and Kang Wei and Hanqing Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0092}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadx0092}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An energy-embodied paralleled liquid manipulation for equipment-free, quantitative multiplexed liver function monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Digital light processing of photoresponsive and programmable hydrogels. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw9262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light-mediated manipulation of hydrogel physicochemical properties is attractive for numerous applications, yet the processing of such hydrogels via vat photopolymerization [e.g., digital light processing (DLP)] is challenging as photoresponsive chemistries may be consumed during printing. Here, we report a facile strategy to DLP print hydrogels that combines short light exposures to set the shape of a printed object and complementary dark polymerization to continue the reaction of macromers without disturbing photoresponsive groups. Postprinting, hydrogels are then programmed using single- or multiphoton light and photoinitiator-free reactions: tetrazole-alkene click reaction (for photofunctionalization), dithiolane ring-opening polymerization (for photostiffening), and o -nitrobenzyl cleavage (for photosoftening). We demonstrate the versatility of this approach through applications that include the patterning of ligands to direct cell-material interactions, four-dimensional shape morphing, and bottom-up construction of multiscale models, including microscale perfusable channels. This approach provides access to highly tunable 3D-printed photoresponsive hydrogels for a range of soft matter applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abhishek P. Dhand and Bruce E. Kirkpatrick and Manuela Garay-Sarmiento and Benjamin R. Nelson and Connor E. Miksch and Bianca Meurer-Zeman and Hannah M. Zlotnick and Arkodip Mandal and Joshua S. Lee and Jaxon Cione and Christopher N. Bowman and Kristi S. Anseth and Jason A. Burdick}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw9262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Digital light processing of photoresponsive and programmable hydrogels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The influence of wildfire on debris flows in a landscape of persistent disequilibrium: Columbia river gorge, OR, USA. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw8633. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extensive debris flow fans emanate from steep catchments in the Columbia River Gorge (CRG), Oregon, a landscape dramatically reshaped by Late Pleistocene megafloods. In 2017, the Eagle Creek Fire burned 200 km 2 of the CRG, prompting concerns of heightened debris flow activity, yet its impact on hazard potential remains unclear. To assess the fire's effect on 10 CRG catchments, we quantify pre- and postfire debris flow erosion using airborne lidar, imagery, and field observations, as well as long-term (10 4 - to 10 6 -year) erosion from debris fans and volcanic edifice reconstruction. Fan-derived 10 4 -year erosion rates (1 to 9 mm year −1 ) exceed 10 6 -year rates by 10 to 50 times, suggesting sustained, rapid unraveling of these catchments following the megafloods. Pre- and postfire debris flow erosion rates are consistent with 10 4 -year rates, such that fire-derived erosion accounts for a relatively small fraction of post-megaflood denudation (<10%), implying persistent landscape disequilibrium that manifests as ongoing high hazard potential in the CRG, regardless of wildfire conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maryn A. Sanders and Joshua J. Roering and William J. Burns and Nancy A. Calhoun and Ben A. Leshchinsky}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8633}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw8633}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The influence of wildfire on debris flows in a landscape of persistent disequilibrium: Columbia river gorge, OR, USA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Light-activated 3D covalent organic framework membranes with adaptive pores for CO2 recognition and separation. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw8452. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Creation of membrane channels capable of recognizing diverse molecules is desirable for advancing molecular transport and separation, but it remains difficult to precisely control their conformation and achieve dynamic adaption to specific molecules. Here, we demonstrate fine-tuning the pore environment within 3D covalent organic framework (COF) that can precisely control its pore size and polarity to recognize CO 2 . The pores are integrated with azobenzene units with photo-adaptable trans-to-cis isomerization, enabling dynamic pore size regulation at angstrom scale. Moreover, the isomerization induces drastic changes in intrapore polarity, which exert profound effects on the intermolecular affinity through the dipole-quadrupole interaction. Featuring these dynamic natures, the 3D COF membrane cooperating the size exclusion effect with a molecular recognition ability toward CO 2 . As a result, light-gating separation experiments show the superior CO 2 capture performance with a N 2 /CO 2 selectivity of 27.6. Theoretical calculations reveal that cis-state azobenzene can reduce the electron transfer barrier from azobenzene to CO 2 , thereby providing a molecular recognition pathway.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Congcong Yin and Muning Chen and Ziyin Zhang and Kai Liu and Jinglin Gao and Xin Zhao and Yuping Wu and Yong Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8452}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw8452}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Light-activated 3D covalent organic framework membranes with adaptive pores for CO2 recognition and separation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inapparent virus infections differentially affect honey bee flight. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw8382. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Honey bee colony deaths are associated with viruses, which frequently do not cause morphological symptoms in adult bees. To assess the impact of these inapparent infections, we measured flight performance as a proxy for honey bee health. We hypothesized that deformed wing virus (DWV) and/or sacbrood virus (SBV) would reduce flight performance and that coinfections would have compounding, negative impacts. We identified virus-specific effects; bees with DWV flew shorter distances at slower speeds, whereas bees with SBV flew greater distances at higher speeds. Bees with high virus loads expressed more heat shock protein 90 , and SBV-infected bees expressed more octopamine β -2 receptor ( O β -2R ). O β -2R binds octopamine, a “fight or flight” molecule, stimulating metabolic activity, neuromuscular transmission, and movement. To examine relationships between virus infection, octopamine, and flight, we compared the flight performance of DWV-infected bees with octopamine treatment and demonstrated that octopamine negated DWV-associated flight impairment. These findings have organismal-, colony-, and ecosystem-level implications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Naomi G. Kaku and Mark A. Jankauski and Bridget F. Doyle and Conrad J. Collins and Michelle L. Flenniken}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8382}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw8382}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inapparent virus infections differentially affect honey bee flight}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A two-step mechanism for RIG-I activation by influenza virus mvRNAs. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw8034. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Influenza A virus (IAV) noncanonical RNAs are bound by retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I). However, innate immune activation is infrequent and it is not understood why noncanonical IAV RNAs activate RIG-I in a sequence- or RNA structure–dependent manner. We hypothesized that multiple events need to occur before IAV RNA synthesis activates RIG-I and investigated whether RIG-I activation is stimulated by the noncanonical or aberrant transcription of mini viral RNAs (mvRNA), an RNA that is overexpressed in highly pathogenic IAV infections. We find that mvRNAs can cause noncanonical transcription termination through a truncated 5′ polyadenylation signal or a 5′ transient RNA structure that interrupts polyadenylation. The resulting capped complementary RNAs stimulate the release of an mvRNA and complement RIG-I activation in trans. Overall, our findings indicate that sequential rounds of noncanonical or aberrant viral replication and transcription are needed for innate immune signaling by IAV RNA synthesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emmanuelle Pitré and Karishma Bisht and Kaleigh A. Remick and Amir Ghorbani and Jonathan W. Yewdell and Elizaveta Elshina and Aartjan J.W. te Velthuis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8034}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw8034}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A two-step mechanism for RIG-I activation by influenza virus mvRNAs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hypersonic acoustic wave control via stealthy hyperuniform phononic nanostructures. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw7205. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Controlling hypersonic surface acoustic waves is crucial for advanced phononic devices such as high-frequency filters, sensors, and quantum computing components. While periodic phononic crystals enable precise bandgap engineering, their ability to suppress acoustic waves is limited to specific frequency ranges. Here, we experimentally demonstrate surface acoustic wave control using a hyperuniform arrangement of gold nanopillars on a lithium niobate layer. The hyperuniform structure, exhibiting characteristics of both random and ordered systems, leads to broad-range acoustic transmission reduction and bandgap-like regions of particularly strong suppression. By integrating linear and S-shaped waveguides into the hyperuniform pattern, we achieve efficient waveguiding at frequencies within these bandgaps. Both simulations and experiments confirm high transmission through the waveguides, demonstrating the flexibility of hyperuniform structures to support complex waveguide shapes. These findings provide an alternative approach to overcome limitations of traditional phononic crystals and advance acoustic technologies such as mechanical quantum computing and smartphone filters.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michele Diego and Jade Hardouin and Gabrielle Mazevet-Schargrod and Matteo Pirro and Byunggi Kim and Roman Anufriev and Masahiro Nomura}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7205}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw7205}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hypersonic acoustic wave control via stealthy hyperuniform phononic nanostructures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soluble N-terminal region of prion protein causes rapid neurodegeneration in prion disease. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw6867. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rapid neurodegeneration distinguishes prion disease from other neurodegenerative disorders. Notably, normal prion protein (PrP C ) is essential for prion-induced rapid neurodegeneration, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that the unstructured N-terminal region of PrP C induces rapid and lethal neurodegeneration in mice, accompanied by the hallmark of prion disease, spongiosis. The neurotoxic N-terminal PrP is soluble, associates peripherally with lipid membranes, and induces neurotoxicity only when a critical threshold is exceeded. Both the N-terminally localized KKRPKP sequence and octarepeats contribute to neurotoxicity, with KKRPKP being essential. Without it, the N-terminal PrP is innocuous but exacerbates either neurodegeneration caused by N-terminal PrP or neurodegeneration in prion disease induced by intracerebral prion inoculation in mice. Our findings establish that soluble N-terminal PrP causes rapid neurodegeneration in prion disease and is a target for intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Runchuan Yan and Yan Zhang and Jingjing Zhang and Xiangyi Zhang and Yue Han and Mengfei Wang and Dan Wang and Shengnan Huang and Wei Liu and Qi Shi and Xiaoping Dong and Wen-Quan Zou and Zhen Li and Jiyan Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6867}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw6867}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soluble N-terminal region of prion protein causes rapid neurodegeneration in prion disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ–formed immunotherapeutic hydrogel containing sphingosine-1-phosphate for enhanced lung cancer immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw5001. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Limited infiltration of immune cells within tumors restricts the therapeutic efficiency of immune checkpoint blockades. Herein, we discover that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is down-regulated in patients with lung cancer who do not respond to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Our findings indicate that S1P gradient enhances the migration and viability of immune cells and promotes the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype primarily through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species–activated nuclear factor κB and Janus kinase–signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathways. To capitalize on these findings, we used a biodegradable sodium alginate hydrogel as a delivery system for the sustained and sequential release of S1P and anti–PD-L1 (αPDL1). In vivo studies demonstrated that S1P-αPDL1@Gel effectively inhibited tumor growth and reduced the recurrence of local tumors after surgery. Additionally, the hydrogel significantly enhanced the infiltration of dendritic cells, M1 macrophages, CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells. S1P-αPDL1@Gel holds a promising therapeutic strategy for remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Shen and Qi Deng and Zhike Chen and Qiang Zhang and Xiao Zhou and Qian Chen and Jiang Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5001}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw5001}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ–formed immunotherapeutic hydrogel containing sphingosine-1-phosphate for enhanced lung cancer immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Allele frequency selection and no age-related increase in human oocyte mitochondrial mutations. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw4954. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondria, cellular powerhouses, harbor DNA [mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)] inherited from the mothers. mtDNA mutations can cause diseases, yet whether they increase with age in human oocytes remains understudied. Here, using highly accurate duplex sequencing, we detected de novo mutations in single oocytes, blood, and saliva in women 20 to 42 years of age. We found that, with age, mutations increased in blood and saliva but not in oocytes. In oocytes, mutations with high allele frequencies were less prevalent in coding than noncoding regions, whereas mutations with low allele frequencies were more uniformly distributed along the mtDNA, suggesting frequency-dependent purifying selection. Thus, mtDNA in human oocytes is protected against accumulation of mutations with aging and having functional consequences. These findings are particularly timely as humans tend to reproduce later in life.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Barbara Arbeithuber and Kate Anthony and Bonnie Higgins and Peter Oppelt and Omar Shebl and Irene Tiemann-Boege and Francesca Chiaromonte and Thomas Ebner and Kateryna D. Makova}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4954}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw4954}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Allele frequency selection and no age-related increase in human oocyte mitochondrial mutations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ecological similarity governs non-native fish establishment while human pressure and native diversity shape invasion richness. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw4347. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological invasions by non-native fish species pose a major threat to global freshwater ecosystems. However, our understanding of why invaders establish in some communities but not others (i.e., occurrence probability) and why some communities harbor more invaders than others (i.e., invasion richness) remains limited. Here, we combine species- and community-level analyses across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional dimensions to investigate both the occurrence probability and invasion richness of exotic and translocated fish species across nearly 3000 North American freshwater fish communities. We found that ecological similarity between non-native and native species primarily governed non-native fish establishment, with invaders more likely to succeed when closely related to native species. In contrast, invasion richness was largely promoted by human pressure, while native diversity reduced richness specifically for translocated species. Additionally, both the occurrence and richness of invaders increased toward lower latitudes. Together, these findings highlight the distinct yet complementary roles of environmental filtering, human activities, and biotic interactions in shaping freshwater fish invasions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meng Xu and Miao Fang and Anas M. Usoof and Nicholas E. Mandrak and Cindy Chu and Hong Qian and Yong Cao and Chunlong Liu and Ross N. Cuthbert and Shao-peng Li and Guohuan Su and Pablo A. Tedesco and Jaimie T. A. Dick and Hui Wei and Fandong Yu and Lu Shu and Xuejie Wang and Xidong Mu and Dangen Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4347}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw4347}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ecological similarity governs non-native fish establishment while human pressure and native diversity shape invasion richness}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Life in the slowest lane: Feeding allometry lowers metabolic rate scaling in the largest whales. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw2232. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The hypothesized impacts of whale foraging on ocean productivity are ultimately defined by their metabolic rate, but determining energy expenditure for ocean giants remains challenging. The largest baleen whales use a high-drag lunge-feeding strategy that is hypothesized to come at a high energetic cost, thus requiring exceptional calorie intake. We used biologging tags to measure respiratory rates in foraging rorquals and demonstrate that their field metabolic rates are less than half that predicted by prey consumption estimates and by scaling predictions from smaller marine mammals. The relative cost of rorqual foraging decreases with increasing size as larger whales spend disproportionately longer time filtering prey from engulfed water. By decoupling active swimming and filtration, the largest rorquals forage with limited movement costs. The evolution of lunge feeding confers an energetic advantage that is unique among filter feeders and may have provided an evolutionary pathway to the largest body sizes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashley M. Blawas and Simone K. A. Videsen and David E. Cade and John Calambokidis and Ari S. Friedlaender and David W. Johnston and Peter T. Madsen and Jeremy A. Goldbogen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2232}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw2232}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Life in the slowest lane: Feeding allometry lowers metabolic rate scaling in the largest whales}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable phononic quantum interference induced by two-dimensional metals. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw1800. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Harnessing quantum interference among bosons provides opportunities due to their longer coherence time than fermions. Fano resonance, an example of quantum interference between discrete and continuous states, is marked by an asymmetric lineshape. While photon-based Fano resonance has enabled high-sensitivity molecule sensing, phonon-based Fano resonance remains underexplored because of ineffective interference between discrete phonons and electronic continuum. In this work, we report phonon-based Fano resonance in a graphene/2D Ag/SiC heterostructure, arising from frequency and lifetime matching between discrete and continuous phonons of SiC. The observed Fano asymmetry is tunable over two orders of magnitude, surpassing previously reported phonon-based systems. The 2D Ag layer restructures the interfacial SiC and facilitates resonant scattering to enhance Fano asymmetry, which is unattainable in conventional Ag. We further demonstrated that this Fano resonance allows ultrasensitive molecule detection at the single-molecule level. Our work highlights phonon-based Fano resonance, opening avenues for engineering quantum interference with phonons.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kunyan Zhang and Rinu Abraham Maniyara and Yuanxi Wang and Arpit Jain and Maxwell T. Wetherington and Thuc T. Mai and Chengye Dong and Timothy Bowen and Ke Wang and Slava V. Rotkin and Angela R. Hight Walker and Vincent H. Crespi and Joshua Robinson and Shengxi Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1800}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw1800}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable phononic quantum interference induced by two-dimensional metals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The importance of carbonatite lavas in outgassing venus’ modern-day atmosphere. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw1621. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Venus diverged from Earth’s evolutionary path through the development of a carbon dioxide (CO 2 )–dominated atmosphere, although studies dispute whether this atmosphere arose shortly after accretion or after a protracted period of surface habitability. Widespread volcanic features suggest that volcanic outgassing may have played a pivotal role in the transformation of Venus. However, the formation of volcanic units on Venus by basaltic lavas can only outgas a minor fraction of the CO 2 in the current atmosphere. Here, we model the erosion of long, meandering channels on Venus called canali and show that carbonatite lavas have the unique properties required to erode the canali. Our results suggest that eruption of these carbonatites may have delivered a total mass of CO 2 comparable to that of the modern atmosphere, resolving challenges to the formation of Venus’ atmosphere within the recent past and suggesting that exoplanets in the “Venus zone” may exhibit the potential for prolonged habitability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Allyson R. Trussell and Joseph G. O’Rourke and David A. Williams and Ian T. W. Flynn and Benjamin A. Black and Madison E. Borrelli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1621}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw1621}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The importance of carbonatite lavas in outgassing venus’ modern-day atmosphere}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dual-function polyester nanoparticles for amplified anti-inflammatory effects. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw1358. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This study investigates a dual-acting drug delivery system using naringenin (NAR) as a folate receptor ligand to enhance intestinal uptake and encapsulated NAR for combating inflammation. The dual-acting systems were tested in vitro on cisplatin-induced human kidney–2 cells and in vivo in a mouse model of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). NAR-loaded passive nanoparticles [P2Ns(NAR)] and dual-acting systems [P2Ns-NAR(NAR)] showed notable advantages over unformulated NAR, reducing the required dose by up to 57 and 79%, respectively. These nanoparticles modulated immune responses, restored T cell function, and shifted macrophage polarization from proinflammatory M1 to tissue-repairing M2. In addition, P2Ns-NAR(NAR) alleviated AKI by reducing fibrosis and lowering Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor κB levels in the kidneys. Notably, P2Ns-NAR(NAR) outperformed other formulations, providing a 50% lower effective dose. This study emphasizes the potential of NAR to overcome intestinal barriers and highlights the importance of polymer functionality in delivering effective treatments for inflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ingrid M. Heyns and Abiodun T. Wahab and Raghu Ganugula and David Sheikh-Hamad and M. N. V. Ravi Kumar and Meenakshi Arora}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1358}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw1358}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dual-function polyester nanoparticles for amplified anti-inflammatory effects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fluid dynamical pathways of airborne transmission while waiting in a line. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw0985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Waiting in a line (or a queue) is an unavoidable social interaction that occurs frequently in public spaces. Despite its wide prevalence and rich parametric variability, few studies have addressed the risks of airborne infection while waiting in a line. Here, we use a combination of laboratory experiments and direct numerical simulations to assess the flow patterns in a simplified waiting line setting. From observations of the transport of breath-like expulsions, we reveal the presence of fluid dynamical counter-currents —due to the competing effects of line kinematics and thermal gradients. Depending on the walking speed, an intermediate temperature range can potentially heighten the infection risks by allowing the breath plume to linger; however, colder and warmer ambients both suppress the spread. Current guidelines of increasing physical separation appear to have a limited impact on reducing aerosol transmission. This work highlights the need for updated transmission mitigation guidelines in settings where physical separation, interaction duration, and periodicity of movements are factors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruixi Lou and Milo Van Mooy and Gabriel A. Tarditti and Rodolfo Ostilla Monico and Varghese Mathai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw0985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fluid dynamical pathways of airborne transmission while waiting in a line}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). YAP regulates transcriptional programs for layer-specific periosteal expansion during fracture repair. SCIADV, 11(32), eadw0126. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bone fracture repair initiates by periosteal expansion. The periosteum is a bilayered tissue composed of inner cambium and outer fibrous layers. Typically quiescent, periosteal progenitor cells proliferate upon fracture; however, the underlying transcriptional mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that deletion of the transcriptional regulators, yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ), from Osterix-expressing cells, which reside in the cambium, impairs periosteal expansion. YAP activation increases chromatin accessibility, preferentially at TEA domain transcription factor (TEAD) binding sites, and regulates both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic cellular functions. We identify bone morphogenetic protein 4 ( Bmp4 ) as a YAP-TEAD target gene expressed in the cambium. In YAP/TAZ knockout mice, BMP4 delivery increased periosteal expansion through matrix accumulation and fibrous layer cell proliferation. Conversely, in wild-type mice, BMP4 delivery increased osteogenic activity and angiogenesis. Together, these data identify YAP-mediated transcriptional programs that promote layer-specific periosteal expansion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Madhura P. Nijsure and Brendan Tobin and Dakota L. Jones and Annemarie Lang and Grey Hallström and Miriam Baitner and Gabrielle I. Tanner and Georgios Kotsaris and Yasaman Moharrer and Christopher J. Panebianco and Elizabeth G. Seidl and Nathaniel A. Dyment and Gregory L. Szeto and Levi Wood and Joel D. Boerckel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0126}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadw0126}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {YAP regulates transcriptional programs for layer-specific periosteal expansion during fracture repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coherent acoustic frequency comb via floquet engineering of optical tweezer phonon lasers. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv9984. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Floquet engineering, featuring time-periodic control of various systems, has enabled observations of many exotic phenomena such as time crystals, breaking of reciprocity symmetry, and exceptional topology. Theoretically, a periodic drive can make the system inherit the time period and generate new harmonics or distort the band structure at the fundamental frequency. Here, by combining such a technique with levitated optomechanics, we present an instructive example of a coherent acoustic frequency comb with microsphere phonon lasers. This work shows that our technique offers the capability of flexibly controlling both the teeth number and the teeth spacing of the resulting coherent acoustic frequency comb. In particular, we confirm that all Floquet-driven comb teeth can reach the truly coherent regime, i.e., satisfying all the characteristic features of phonon lasers. Our work provides a platform to drive the nonlinear phonon laser to a coherent acoustic frequency comb with truly coherent comb teeth.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yutong He and Tengfang Kuang and Xiang Han and Zijian Feng and Xinlin Chen and Wei Xiong and Shilong Jin and Zhongqi Tan and Qian Zhang and Hui Luo and Hui Jing and Guangzong Xiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9984}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv9984}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coherent acoustic frequency comb via floquet engineering of optical tweezer phonon lasers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A human NK cell progenitor that originates in the thymus and generates KIR+NKG2A− NK cells. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv9650. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {KIR + NKG2A − natural killer (NK) cells have the unique ability to detect down-regulation of single HLA-I allotypes, frequently occurring in malignantly transformed and virus-infected cells. We have recently shown that circulating innate lymphoid cells 1 (cILC1s) have the potential to generate such KIR + NKG2A − NK cells, but their developmental origin was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the development of cILC1 is thymus dependent and identify a putative progenitor of cILC1s in the thymus (thyILC1). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed a close relationship of thyILC1s to CD34 + double-negative thymocytes. Both generated comparable NK cell frequencies, while only thyILC1s could be efficiently differentiated into KIR + NKG2A − NK cells. Last, patients with FOXN1 haploinsufficiency, showing congenital thymic hypoplasia, exhibited a profound deficiency of cILC1s but not cILC2s and cILC3s, demonstrating their specific thymus dependency. Together, the data suggest that thyILC1s are the source of a thymus-dependent NK cell differentiation pathway that promotes generation of KIR + NKG2A − NK cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julian Reiß and Sujal Ghosh and Michael Scheid and Lea Graafen and Nadine Scherenschlich and Sandra Weinhold and Katharina Raba and Stefan Paulusch and Elena De Dominico and Thi X. U. Pham and Marc Beyer and Hans-Jürgen Laws and Tim Niehues and Arndt Borkhardt and Markus Uhrberg and Sabrina B. Bennstein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9650}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv9650}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A human NK cell progenitor that originates in the thymus and generates KIR+NKG2A− NK cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HLF transactivates TFEB to promote gallbladder cancer stem cells’ self-renewal and determines tumor response to distinct therapies. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv6723. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy in the biliary system and lacks biomarkers for personalized therapy. Here, we reported that hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) was highly expressed in gallbladder cancer stem cells (CSCs) and patients with gemcitabine-resistant GBC. Mechanistic study revealed that interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and transcription factor EB (TFEB) are direct target genes of HLF. The IL-6/IL-6R/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 axis transactivates HLF expression in GBC, forming a positive feedback loop. Functional studies revealed that HLF promoted gallbladder CSCs’ expansion and gemcitabine resistance via TFEB-induced autophagy. In addition, HLF drives TFEB-induced programmed death ligand 1 expression in human tumors and governs tumor immune evasion in a CD8 + T cell–dependent manner. Patient cohorts’ analysis suggested that HLF levels in GBCs might determine the distinct responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that HLF could act as a driver for gallbladder CSCs’ self-renewal and drug resistance and a biomarker for individualized therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daimin Xiang and Zhao Yang and Mingye Gu and Midie Xu and Chunliang Liu and Erdong Liu and Junyu Liu and Yichuang Wang and Hongyang Wang and Jing Fu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6723}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv6723}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HLF transactivates TFEB to promote gallbladder cancer stem cells’ self-renewal and determines tumor response to distinct therapies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Simultaneous imaging of bidirectional guided waves probes arterial mechanical anisotropy, blood pressure, and stress synchronously. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv5660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arterial biomechanical indicators have long been recognized as fundamental contributors to the physiology and pathology of cardiovascular systems. Probing multiple biomechanical parameters of arteries simultaneously throughout the cardiac cycle is highly important but remains challenging. Here, we report a method to quantify arterial anisotropic stiffness, arterial wall stresses, and local blood pressure in a single measurement. With programmed ultrasound excitation and imaging, arterial axial and circumferential guided waves were simultaneously induced and measured in the longitudinal view. Then, a mechanical model was proposed to quantitatively predict the correlation of arterial guided waves with arterial biomechanical parameters. Our experimental design and biomechanical model enable an elastography method to assess temporal variations in blood pressure, bidirectional stiffness, and mechanical stresses in arterial walls. In vivo experiments were performed on healthy young, normotensive older, and hypertensive older volunteers. The results demonstrate that our method can find applications in understanding aging of cardiovascular system and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuxuan Jiang and Guo-Yang Li and Keshuai Hu and Shiyu Ma and Yang Zheng and Mingwei Jiang and Zhaoyi Zhang and Xinyu Wang and Yanping Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv5660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Simultaneous imaging of bidirectional guided waves probes arterial mechanical anisotropy, blood pressure, and stress synchronously}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiscale mathematical model-informed reinforcement learning optimizes combination treatment scheduling in glioblastoma evolution. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv3316. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dynamic tumor-microenvironment interactions greatly affect growth and drug resistance, highlighting the importance and challenge of developing mathematical models to optimize treatment schedules. Here, we describe a multiscale mathematical model-informed reinforcement learning (M4RL) framework to simulate dynamic tumor-microenvironment interactions and optimize drug combination scheduling. We first develop a multiscale agent-based model (MSABM) for a critical biological scenario where interactions between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor cells (TCs) underlie immunotherapy resistance in glioblastoma. Next, we learn a surrogate model based on Fokker-Planck equations for the MSABM using a physics-informed neural network approach. We then design a surrogate model–based reinforcement learning method, using an efficient parallel actor-critic algorithm, to predict optimal scheduling of combination treatments. The most effective regimen of dynamic combination of CSF1R inhibitor (targeting TAMs) and IGF1R inhibitor (targeting TCs) is identified and then verified using spatial transcriptomic data. Overall, the M4RL framework introduces a computational approach for characterizing tumor-microenvironment interactions and optimizing dynamic scheduling of drug combinations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zeming Liu and Ji Zhang and Liu Hong and Qing Nie and Xiaoqiang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3316}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv3316}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiscale mathematical model-informed reinforcement learning optimizes combination treatment scheduling in glioblastoma evolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acquisition of neural crest promoted thyroid evolution from chordate endostyle. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv2657. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The endostyle is an endodermal organ unique to nonvertebrate chordates except for lamprey larvae, where it serves as forerunner to the adult thyroid. Here, we examine whether the acquisition of neural crest in the vertebrate lineage played a role in the elaboration of the endostyle. CM-DiI lineage tracing reveals a neural crest contribution to the endostyle, and CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of key neural crest genes causes endostyle defects including formation of a single rather than bilobed structure. RNA sequencing reveals gene profiles characteristic of embryonic neural crest cells and Schwann cell precursors in the developing endostyle. Contrasting with the prevailing view that the endostyle is an endoderm-derived organ, we propose that the acquisition of the neural crest played a critical step in promoting thyroid evolution from chordate endostyle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jan Stundl and Ayyappa Raja Desingu Rajan and Hugo A. Urrutia and Jake Leyhr and Jana Stundlova and Tatiana Solovieva and Tatjana Haitina and Sophie Sanchez and Zuzana Musilova and Megan L. Martik and Marianne E. Bronner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2657}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv2657}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acquisition of neural crest promoted thyroid evolution from chordate endostyle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AND-1 is a critical regulator of R-loop dynamics and a target to overcome endocrine resistance. SCIADV, 11(32), eadv2453. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {R-loops are three-stranded DNA/RNA hybrids that are essential for various cellular pathways. However, when dysregulated, they lead to genomic instability and numerous human diseases. R-loops are tightly regulated, with RNase H1 acting as a key enzyme responsible for resolving DNA/RNA hybrids. Here, we identify the DNA-binding protein AND-1 as an essential factor in R-loop regulation through directly binding to R-loop structures, where it enhances the recruitment of RNase H1 and stimulates its endonuclease activity. We also provide in vivo evidence that R-loop accumulation occurs in the mammary gland tissue of AND-1–deficient mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inhibition of AND-1 decreases ESR1 expression by disrupting R-loop regulation at the enhancer region of the ESR1 gene in estrogen receptor–positive (ER + ) breast cancer cells, thereby overcoming resistance to aromatase inhibitors. Collectively, our findings reveal a mechanism by which AND-1 modulates R-loop dynamics and present a promising therapeutic strategy to combat endocrine resistance in breast cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuqing Li and Yihan Peng and Huai-Chin Chiang and Yanjun Gao and Chen Chu and Yi Zhang and Muhammad Jameel Mughal and Chengyu Liu and Rong Li and Huadong Pei and Wenge Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2453}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadv2453}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AND-1 is a critical regulator of R-loop dynamics and a target to overcome endocrine resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). China’s nationwide streamflow decline driven by landscape changes and human interventions. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu8032. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {China’s rivers support nearly 20% of the global population and supply freshwater for the world’s largest proportion of industrial output and grain production. Despite their importance, nationwide streamflow changes and their drivers remain unclear because of challenges in accessing observations and disentangling the effects of climate, landscape, and human interventions. By combining data from 1046 hydrological stations with ISIMIP3a reconstructions, we provide a comprehensive national assessment showing that streamflow has declined across more than 70% of stations over the past six decades. Although regional heterogeneity exists, these declines are primarily concentrated in the north and driven by land use and cover change, further exacerbated by water abstraction, diversion, and regulation. In contrast, climate change and variability dominate the increases in streamflow, primarily in the south. Our results provide insights for water managers, helping them understand the multifaceted drivers of hydrological variability and inform the development of infrastructure and ecological projects to mitigate potential risks associated with declining streamflow.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaiwen Wang and Xiaomang Liu and Peng Cui and Yangjian Zhang and Jiaxin Xie and Changming Liu and Simon N. Gosling}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8032}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu8032}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {China’s nationwide streamflow decline driven by landscape changes and human interventions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A sonoelectric niche for noninvasive intervertebral disc regeneration via targeted cell cycle modulation. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu6860. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell cycle regulation is pivotal for tissue regeneration yet remains challenging in degenerative microenvironments. We engineered a sonosensitive conductive hydrogel incorporating polypyrrole-encapsulated porphyrin derivatives {[Tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP)]@PPy} to regulate cell cycle dynamics. Upon ultrasound irradiation, TCPP@PPy generates free electrons, establishing a controlled microcurrent within degenerative tissues. This sonoelectric niche induces nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) membrane depolarization, activating calcium voltage-gated channels (Ca v ) to drive Ca 2+ influx. Subsequent calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I activation up-regulates cyclin-dependent kinases CDK1/CDK2, forming a sonoelectricity–ion–kinase axis that stimulates NPC proliferation and anabolism. Concurrently, ultrasound-responsive borate ester bonds in the hydrogel amplify reactive oxygen species scavenging, counteracting oxidative stress–induced NPC ferroptosis. In a goat model of intervertebral disc degeneration, ultrasound-guided hydrogel implantation alleviated degenerative progression by synergistically reactivating cell cycle progression and suppressing oxidative damage. This strategy demonstrates a noninvasive, dual-targeted approach to regulate degenerative microenvironments through spatiotemporal control of sonoelectric and biochemical cues, offering a translatable strategy for tissue regeneration therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoguang Zhang and Huaizhen Liang and Zhiwei Liao and Bide Tong and Di Wu and Liang Ma and Jie Lei and Xingyu Zhou and Dingchao Zhu and Zixuan Ou and Junyu Wei and Lei Tan and Cao Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6860}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu6860}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A sonoelectric niche for noninvasive intervertebral disc regeneration via targeted cell cycle modulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A single-phase epitaxially grown ferroelectric perovskite nitride. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu6698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The integration of ferroelectrics with semiconductors is crucial for developing functional devices, such as field-effect transistors, tunnel junctions, and nonvolatile memories. However, the synthesis of high-quality single-crystalline ferroelectric nitride perovskites has been limited, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their switching dynamics. Here we report the synthesis and characterizations of epitaxial single-phase ferroelectric cerium tantalum nitride (CeTaN 3 ) on both oxides and semiconductors. The polar symmetry of CeTaN 3 was confirmed by observing the atomic displacement of central ions relative to the center of the TaN 6 octahedra, as well as through optical second harmonic generation. We observed switchable ferroelectric domains using piezoresponse force microscopy, complemented by the characterization of square-like polarization–electric field hysteresis loops. The remanent polarization of CeTaN 3 reaches approximately 20 microcoulomb per square centimeter at room temperature, consistent with theoretical calculations. This work establishes a vital link between ferroelectric nitride perovskites and their practical applications, paving the way for next-generation information and energy storage devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Songhee Choi and Qiao Jin and Xian Zi and Dongke Rong and Jie Fang and Jinfeng Zhang and Qinghua Zhang and Wei Li and Shuai Xu and Shengru Chen and Haitao Hong and Cui Ting and Qianying Wang and Gang Tang and Chen Ge and Can Wang and Zhiguo Chen and Lin Gu and Qian Li and Lingfei Wang and Shanmin Wang and Jiawang Hong and Kuijuan Jin and Er-Jia Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu6698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A single-phase epitaxially grown ferroelectric perovskite nitride}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lead isotopic evidence for an old and rapid lunar magma ocean. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu5111. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Moon’s early history remains enigmatic, with intensive debate over the timing and duration of the lunar magma ocean (LMO) and its consequences on the early thermal and chemical evolution of the Moon. Here, we report a lead-lead isochron age of 4406.1 ± 3.2 million years ago (Ma) with an extraordinarily high initial lead (Pb) composition (HIP) for a lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 14729. The HIP at ~4406 Ma implies Pb isotopic evolution from an early-formed, high-μ ( 238 U/ 204 Pb > 5000) reservoir that is genetically linked to the last remaining liquid of the LMO called urKREEP. This requires that lunar primordial differentiation was completed within approximately 150 million years (Myr) after the Solar System’s formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ya-Wen Zhang and Si-Zhang Sheng and Shui-Jiong Wang and Qiu-Li Li and Jun-Xiang Hua and Shijie Li and Xian-Hua Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5111}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu5111}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lead isotopic evidence for an old and rapid lunar magma ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coral thermotolerance retained following year-long exposure to a novel environment. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu3858. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Active restoration strategies targeting corals with elevated heat tolerance have the potential to enhance reef resistance under a warming climate. While stress-tolerant corals have been documented in extreme systems such as mangrove lagoons, it is critical to assess the ability of these corals to maintain tolerance when moved to a more benign habitat. Here, we translocated corals from a mangrove lagoon to an adjacent reef and evaluated the thermal thresholds of corals from both locations before translocation and after 1 year. We demonstrate that mangrove colonies have higher thermal tolerance than reef corals, and, critically, mangrove colonies exhibited no loss in thermal tolerance following 1-year translocation to a less extreme reef habitat. Up-regulation of genes associated with DNA repair, metabolism, and homeostasis indicates the importance of these pathways in helping mangrove corals mitigate thermal stress. Our findings suggest the use of heat tolerant corals from extreme systems holds promise as part of intervention strategies aiming to increase reef resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christine D. Roper and David J. Suggett and Kittikun Songsomboon and John Edmondson and Hadley England and Trent D. Haydon and Samantha Goyen and Chiara M. Duijser and Rachel Alderdice and Christian R. Voolstra and Emma F. Camp}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3858}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu3858}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coral thermotolerance retained following year-long exposure to a novel environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Combinatorial profiling of multiple histone modifications and transcriptome in single cells using scMTR-seq. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu3308. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Profiling combinations of histone modifications identifies gene regulatory elements in different states and discovers features controlling transcriptional and epigenetic programs. However, efforts to map chromatin states in complex, heterogeneous samples are hindered by the lack of methods that can profile multiple histone modifications together with transcriptomes in individual cells. Here, we describe single-cell multitargets and mRNA sequencing (scMTR-seq), a high-throughput method that enables simultaneous profiling of six histone modifications and transcriptome in single cells. We apply scMTR-seq to uncover dynamic and coordinated changes in chromatin states and transcriptomes during human endoderm differentiation. We also use scMTR-seq to produce lineage-resolved chromatin maps and gene regulatory networks in mouse blastocysts, revealing epigenetic asymmetries at gene regulatory regions between the three embryo lineages and identifying Trps1 as a potential repressor in epiblast cells of trophectoderm-associated enhancer networks and their target genes. Together, scMTR-seq enables investigation of combinatorial chromatin landscapes in a broad range of heterogeneous samples, providing insights into epigenetic regulatory systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Wang and Jingyu Li and Andrew A. Malcolm and William Mansfield and Stephen J. Clark and Ricard Argelaguet and Laura Biggins and Richard J. Acton and Simon Andrews and Wolf Reik and Gavin Kelsey and Peter J. Rugg-Gunn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3308}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu3308}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Combinatorial profiling of multiple histone modifications and transcriptome in single cells using scMTR-seq}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pd single atoms guided proton transfer along an interfacial hydrogen bond network for efficient electrochemical hydrogenation. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu1602. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of unsaturated carbon-heteroatom bonds is essential for chemical transformations but is often limited by a barrier-intensive surface hydrogen transfer process. The interfacial hydrogen bond (HB) network offers a promising pathway for proton transfer but requires addressing the challenge of nondirectional proton shuttling in three-dimensional space. Here, we create hydrophilic CuO x islands on Cu foam (CF) and load electron-enriched Pd (Pd δ− ) single atoms as proton traps (Pd 1 -CuO x /CF) to guide a fast proton transfer along a modified HB network to enhance ECH efficiency. During ECH, hydrophilic CuO x islands dissociate H 2 O into protons and reconstruct the interfacial HB network for facile proton transfer, while the Pd δ− single atoms reorient H 2 O molecules to electrostatically attract and reduce protons to active hydrogen, enabling efficient substrate hydrogenation. With guided proton transfer, Pd 1 -CuO x /CF achieves 99% hydrogenation efficiency for C─Cl bonds, outperforming Pd 1 -CF (69%) and CuO x /CF (57%), and demonstrates high selectivity and Faradaic efficiency in hydrogenating C═O and C≡N bonds to produce valuable chemicals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Zhao and Qi Wang and Yancai Yao and Ruizhao Wang and Long Zhao and Zhiwei Hu and Cheng-Wei Kao and Ting-Shan Chan and Wenhuai Li and Qian Zheng and Jiaxian Wang and Xingyue Zou and Kaiyuan Wang and Jie Dai and Xiang-Kui Gu and Lizhi Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1602}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu1602}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pd single atoms guided proton transfer along an interfacial hydrogen bond network for efficient electrochemical hydrogenation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Five thousand years of inequality in the carpathian basin. SCIADV, 11(32), eadu0323. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The emergence of sedentary farming economies, especially in contexts intensified by plow agriculture, has been argued to underpin marked increases in economic inequality and its intergenerational transmission across Eurasia. To assess this presumed causal relationship, we examine relational (burials) and material (house sizes) inequalities in the Carpathian Basin, a large region in central Europe, from the time the first farmers arrived in southeastern Europe through the next five millennia to the Bronze Age. We find that although farming did increase the potentials for both relational and material inequalities, the potential was rarely reached and then only for short durations. We identify a series of leveling mechanisms varying over time, including the removal of material wealth from circulation through the placement in graves, community fission, and investments of surplus labor in infrastructural investments. In the Carpathian Basin, only after at least 5000 years were the intergenerational potentials of material wealth transmissions more broadly realized.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Paul R. Duffy and Fynn Wilkes and Henry Skorna and Martin Furholt and Cait Dickie and Kata Furholt and Giacomo Bilotti and Johannes Müller and Gary M. Feinman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0323}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadu0323}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Five thousand years of inequality in the carpathian basin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Non-native entanglement protein misfolding observed in all-atom simulations and supported by experimental structural ensembles. SCIADV, 11(32), eadt8974. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several mechanisms are known to cause monomeric protein misfolding. Coarse-grained simulations have predicted an additional mechanism exists involving off-pathway, noncovalent lasso entanglements, which are long-lived kinetic traps and structurally resemble the native state. Here, we examine whether such misfolded states occur in long-timescale, all-atom folding simulations of ubiquitin and λ-repressor. We find that these entangled misfolded states are populated in higher-resolution models. However, because of the small size of ubiquitin and λ-repressor, these states are short-lived. In contrast, coarse-grained simulations of a larger protein, IspE, predict that it populates long-lived misfolded states. Using an Arrhenius extrapolation applied to all-atom simulations, we estimate that these IspE misfolded states have lifetimes similar to the native state while remaining soluble. We further show that these misfolded states are consistent with the structural changes inferred from limited proteolysis and cross-linking mass spectrometry experiments. Our results indicate that misfolded states composed of non-native entanglements can persist for long timescales in both all-atom simulations and experiments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quyen V. Vu and Ian Sitarik and Yang Jiang and Yingzi Xia and Piyoosh Sharma and Divya Yadav and Hyebin Song and Mai Suan Li and Stephen D. Fried and Edward P. O’Brien}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8974}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadt8974}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Non-native entanglement protein misfolding observed in all-atom simulations and supported by experimental structural ensembles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anthropogenic warming drives earlier wildfire season onset in california. SCIADV, 11(32), eadt2041. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Annual wildfire area in California has rapidly grown in recent decades, with increasingly negative impacts on people. The fire season is also lengthening, with an earlier onset. This trend has been hypothesized to be driven by anthropogenic warming, but it has yet to be quantitatively attributed to climate drivers. Using a comprehensive fire occurrence dataset, we analyze fire season onset and climate controls on its variability and change during 1992–2020 in 13 California ecoregions. Northern California ecoregions show stronger trends toward earlier onset compared to more arid southern California ecoregions. Onset has trended earlier for all but one ecoregion. Interannual variability of onset is dominated by climate variability and its influence on fuel moisture. Trend attribution inferred from onset-climate relationships suggests that anthropogenic warming advanced fire season onset by 6 to 46 days during 1992–2020 in 11 of 13 ecoregions. Continued warming is expected to further promote earlier fire season onsets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gavin D. Madakumbura and Max A. Moritz and Karen A. McKinnon and A. Park Williams and Stefan Rahimi and Benjamin Bass and Jesse Norris and Rong Fu and Alex Hall}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2041}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadt2041}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anthropogenic warming drives earlier wildfire season onset in california}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Histone acetylation readers bdf1 and yaf9 direct SWR1 remodeler to +1 nucleosome. SCIADV, 11(32), eadt2002. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The histone variant H2A.Z marking permissive chromatin is deposited by the multicomponent SWR1 chromatin remodeler, which is targeted to nucleosome-free promoters by a DNA length–sensing module. How SWR1 is directed to the flanking acetylated +1 nucleosome, its physiological substrate, has been enigmatic. We show by live-cell, single-molecule tracking that SWR1 subunits Bdf1 and Yaf9 harboring histone acetylation reader domains differentially regulate chromatin binding: Bdf1 promotes SWR1 association, while Yaf9-YEATS slows its dissociation. Notably, single-molecule tracking and genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with exonuclease treatment reveal Bdf1 and Yaf9 contributions to global SWR1 targeting and histone exchange at +1 nucleosomes. Our findings highlight the in-cell biochemistry of histone readers and suggest a generalizable, two-stage mechanism wherein acetylated nucleosome interactions initially constrain the three-dimensional diffusion of SWR1 to increase local concentration, followed by stochastic one-dimensional diffusion at nucleosome-depleted regions with directional capture by acetylated +1 nucleosomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anand Ranjan and Ejlal Elalaoui and Xiaona Tang and Justin Cha and Robert K. Louder and Kevin Nguyen and Joseph Ye and Muhammad Bennani and Anne M. Gardner and Derrick Liu and B. Franklin Pugh and Carl Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2002}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadt2002}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Histone acetylation readers bdf1 and yaf9 direct SWR1 remodeler to +1 nucleosome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identifying a next-generation antimalarial trioxolane in a landscape of artemisinin partial resistance. SCIADV, 11(32), eads9168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {For over two decades, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been the standard of care for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, artemisinin partial resistance (ART-R) is now prevalent in Southeast Asia and has emerged in eastern Africa, threatening ACT efficacy. Artefenomel, a synthetic 1,2,4-trioxolane, exhibits an extended pharmacokinetic exposure profile that predicts for efficacy against ART-R parasites. Unfortunately, the development of artefenomel was halted recently after almost a decade in the clinic. Here, we describe studies of an artefenomel-adjacent chemotype that combines potent in vitro activity against clinical ART-R parasites, an extended pharmacokinetic profile with single-exposure efficacy in a murine malaria model, and enhanced stability in human microsomes and hepatocytes. Overall, our studies reveal a heretofore underexplored trioxolane chemotype with the potential to address ART-R in a next-generation trioxolane development candidate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew T. Klope and Poulami Talukder and Brian R. Blank and Sevil Chelebieva and Jun Chen and Shaun D. Fontaine and Ryan L. Gonciarz and Priyadarshini Jaishankar and Grace J. Lee and Jennifer Legac and Vineet Mathur and Avani Narayan and Martin Okitwi and Stephen Orena and Nicholas S. Settineri and Juan A. Tapia and Yoweri Taremwa and Patrick K. Tumwebaze and Aswathy Vinod and Jeremy N. Burrows and Philip J. Rosenthal and Roland A. Cooper and Adam R. Renslo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eads9168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identifying a next-generation antimalarial trioxolane in a landscape of artemisinin partial resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Positive-going hybrid indicators for voltage imaging in excitable cells and tissues. SCIADV, 11(32), eads1807. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Membrane potential dynamics are crucial to the physiology of electrically excitable cells, such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and pancreatic islet cells. Fluorescence voltage indicators have enabled the visualization of electrical activities at the single-cell level across large cell populations. However, most existing indicators have a negative fluorescence-voltage response, resulting in a high background signal when cells are at their resting state. To reduce background interference during voltage imaging, we developed a positive-going hybrid voltage indicator (HVI + ), which has lower intensity at the resting state and becomes brighter upon membrane depolarization. HVI + -Cy3b exhibits a remarkable voltage sensitivity of 55% Δ F / F 0 per 100 mV, enabling accurate reporting of action potential waveforms in beating cardiomyocytes and neurons. In addition, by combining HVI + -Cy3b with HVI-Cy3b, we demonstrate the capability to simultaneously assess the effects of glucose on the spike activities of two cell types in pancreatic islets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuzhang Liu and Jing Ling and Beichen Xie and Yuan Zhang and Luxin Peng and Luming Yang and Yi Yu and Junye Lin and Chao Tang and Zhixing Chen and Peng Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1807}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eads1807}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Positive-going hybrid indicators for voltage imaging in excitable cells and tissues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep manifold learning reveals hidden developmental dynamics of a human embryo model. SCIADV, 11(32), eadr8901. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In this study, postimplantation human epiblast and amnion development are modeled using a stem cell–based embryoid system. A dataset of 3697 fluorescent images, along with tissue, cavity, and cell masks, is generated from experimental data. A computational pipeline analyzes morphological and marker expression features, revealing key developmental processes such as tissue growth, cavity expansion, and cell differentiation. To uncover hidden developmental dynamics, a deep manifold learning framework is introduced. This framework uses an autoencoder to project embryoid images into a twenty-dimensional (20D) latent space and models the dynamics using a mean-reverting stochastic process of mixed Gaussians. The approach accurately captures phenotypic changes observed at discrete experimental time points. Moreover, it enables the generation of artificial yet realistic embryoid images at finer temporal resolutions, providing deeper insights into the progression of early human development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kejie Chen and Kai-Rong Qin and Jing Na and Guanbin Gao and Chunxi Yang and Jianping Fu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8901}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadr8901}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep manifold learning reveals hidden developmental dynamics of a human embryo model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The recruitment of the A-type cyclin TAM to stress granules is crucial for meiotic fidelity under heat. SCIADV, 11(32), eadr5694. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stress granules (SG) are biomolecular condensates that represent an adaptive response of cells to various stresses, including heat. However, the cell type–specific function and relevance of SG formation, especially during reproductive development, are largely not understood. Here, we show that the meiotic A-type cyclin TARDY ASYNCHRONOUS MEIOSIS (TAM) is recruited to SGs in male meiocytes of Arabidopsis after exposure to heat. We find that the amino terminus of TAM is necessary and sufficient for the localization of proteins to meiotic SGs. Swapping the amino terminus of TAM with the one of its sister protein CYCA1;1 resulted in a separation-of-function allele of TAM , which prevents the partitioning of TAM to SGs while restoring a wild-type phenotype in a tam mutant background under nonheat stress conditions. Notably, plants expressing this TAM version prematurely terminate meiosis under heat resulting in unreduced gametes. Thus, the formation of TAM-containing SGs is necessary for genome stability under heat stress.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joke De Jaeger-Braet and Merle Hartmann and Lev Böttger and Chao Yang and Takahiro Hamada and Stefan Hoth and Xiaoqi Feng and Magdalena Weingartner and Arp Schnittger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5694}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadr5694}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The recruitment of the A-type cyclin TAM to stress granules is crucial for meiotic fidelity under heat}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonlinear spatial integration allows the retina to detect the sign of defocus in natural scenes. SCIADV, 11(32), eadq6320. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Eye growth is regulated by the visual input. Many studies suggest that the retina can detect whether a visual image is focused in front of or behind the back of the eye and modulate eye growth to bring it back to focus. How can the retina distinguish between these two types of defocus? Here, we simulated how eye optics transforms natural images and recorded how the isolated retina responds to different types of simulated defocus. We found that some ganglion cell types could distinguish between an image focused in front of or behind the retina by estimating spatial contrast. Aberrations in the eye optics made spatial contrast, but not luminance, a reliable cue to distinguish these two types of defocus. Our results suggest a mechanism for how the retina can estimate the sign of defocus and provide an explanation for several results aiming at mitigating strong myopia by slowing down eye growth.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sarah Goethals and Awen Louboutin and Samy Hamlaoui and Tom Quetu and Samuele Virgili and Matias Alejandro Goldin and Konogan Baranton and Olivier Marre}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6320}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadq6320}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonlinear spatial integration allows the retina to detect the sign of defocus in natural scenes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Isoform-level profiling of m6A epitranscriptomic signatures in human brain. SCIADV, 11(32), eadp0783. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) is highly abundant in human brain and implicated in neurological disorders. Profiling m 6 A within RNA isoforms is a critical step toward understanding the complex mechanisms that underpin brain function and disease; however, we lack an isoform-level atlas of m 6 A sites in the brain. We applied Oxford Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) to three postmortem human brain regions—prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum—to simultaneously investigate the transcriptome and epitranscriptome at the isoform level. We identified 57,000 m 6 A sites within 15,000 isoforms, revealing both isoform- and brain region–specific patterning of m 6 A modifications. The prefrontal cortex exhibited a distinctive profile of specifically modified isoforms enriched in excitatory neurons and had the highest proportion of unannotated m 6 A sites. A population of isoforms were hypermodified and associated with excitatory neurons in all brain regions. Our results demonstrate the utility of isoform-level profiling of RNA modifications and provide insights into brain region specificity with implications for development and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Josie Gleeson and Sachithrani U. Madugalle and Ching Yin Wan and Catriona McLean and Timothy W. Bredy and Ricardo De Paoli-Iseppi and Michael B. Clark}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0783}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {32}, pages = {eadp0783}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Isoform-level profiling of m6A epitranscriptomic signatures in human brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible agerelated microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration” by r. ritzel et al.. SCIADV, 11(31), eaea3968. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible agerelated microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration” by R. Ritzel et al., contained errors in two main text figures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea3968}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eaea3968}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible agerelated microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration” by r. ritzel et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “The summer north atlantic oscillation, arctic sea ice, and arctic jet rossby wave forcing” by c. k. folland et al.. SCIADV, 11(31), eaea2449. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “The Summer North Atlantic Oscillation, Arctic sea ice, and Arctic jet Rossby wave forcing” by C. K. Folland et al. included errors in Fig. 5 (B and E) and fig. S4B of the Supplementary Materials. In both figures, the authors intended to show the results of the average of JRA-55 and NCEP2; however, the figures show the average of ERA5, JRA-55, and NCEP2. The corresponding captions were incorrect as well, which originally stated that the figures showed the difference between high and low sea ice years. The figures, instead, show the average of all data. Corresponding text in the main text discussing Fig. 5 was also incorrect.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea2449}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eaea2449}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “The summer north atlantic oscillation, arctic sea ice, and arctic jet rossby wave forcing” by c. k. folland et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-elongation, water-weldable, and fully degradable biomass foams fabricated via oven drying. SCIADV, 11(31), eady0746. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biomass-based foams present a promising alternative to conventional plastic foams. However, many reported biomass-based foams are composed of nondegradable components and are mechanically weak and brittle. We proposed a hybrid biomass-driven foaming strategy that used specially designed cellulose nanofibers and sodium caseinate to synergistically create stable wet foams and form gas-impermeable bubble interfaces to prevent structural collapse during oven drying. The foams exhibited high tensile stress (~400 kPa) comparable to that of brittle foams and had excellent ductility, with an elongation of 137.0%. The foams also displayed outstanding cyclic elastic behavior, retaining more than 90% of their compressive stress after 100 cycles. In addition, the foams were water-weldable, recovering 87.3% of their original tensile stress and nearly 100% of their elongation, allowing them to be tailored into customized geometric structures. A roll-to-roll casting process was used to produce continuous foam rolls, demonstrating successful scalability. This study provides an advanced formulation for fabricating fully degradable biomass-based foams with superior mechanical properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuqing Chang and Yichen Tian and Jiacheng Wang and Jingyi Zhao and Lei Chen and Shuhua Kang and Qiang Lu and Xiaoya He and Qiang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0746}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eady0746}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-elongation, water-weldable, and fully degradable biomass foams fabricated via oven drying}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of quantum darwinism and the origin of classicality with superconducting circuits. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx6857. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The transition from quantum to classical behavior is a central question in modern physics. How can we rationalize everyday classical observations from an inherently quantum world? Quantum Darwinism offers a compelling framework to explain this by proposing that the environment redundantly encodes information about a quantum system, leading to the objective reality. Here, by leveraging cutting-edge superconducting quantum circuits, we observe the highly structured branching quantum states that support classicality and the saturation of quantum mutual information, establishing a robust verification of quantum Darwinism and the underlying geometric structure of quantum states. Additionally, we propose a particular class of observables that can be used as a computationally and experimentally inexpensive quantifier to probe quantum-to-classical transitions. Our investigation delves into how the quantum effects are inaccessible to observers, allowing only classical properties to be detected. It experimentally demonstrates the physical framework through which everyday classical observations emerge from underlying quantum principles and paves the way to settling the measurement problem.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zitian Zhu and Kiera Salice and Akram Touil and Zehang Bao and Zixuan Song and Pengfei Zhang and Hekang Li and Zhen Wang and Chao Song and Qiujiang Guo and H. Wang and Rubem Mondaini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6857}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx6857}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of quantum darwinism and the origin of classicality with superconducting circuits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elucidating the characteristics and clonal evolutionary trajectory of influenza neuraminidase broadly reactive b cell. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx4810. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) is receiving increasing attention as a target for universal flu vaccines. Several broad NA inhibition monoclonal antibodies (BImAbs) targeting the highly conserved enzymatic pocket have been previously described. However, the molecular characteristics, clonal evolutionary trajectory, and B cell sources of BImAbs remain poorly understood. Here, using NA-mutant probes, we comprehensively profiled the immune signatures of NA-specific memory B cells (MBCs) from a healthy individual with NA cross-inhibition activity. From the NA-specific MBC repertoires, we identified a series of NA BImAbs with molecular features characterized by long HCDR3 regions with an “xxxDRxxx” motif, which exhibited broad inhibition against diverse influenza NAs. Clonal lineage tracing revealed that BImAbs followed a clonal evolutionary trajectory encompassing classical MBC (cMBC) and atypical MBC (aMBC). Both cMBC- and aMBC-derived BImAbs displayed similar inhibition against influenza NA. These findings enhance our understanding of the development of NA BImAbs and provide a foundation for the rational design of NA-based universal flu vaccines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chaohui Lin and Qian Yang and Lianyu Huang and Xin Wang and Zeli Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4810}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx4810}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elucidating the characteristics and clonal evolutionary trajectory of influenza neuraminidase broadly reactive b cell}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Static three-dimensional structures determine fast dynamics between distal loci pairs in interphase chromosomes. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx1763. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Live-cell imaging experiments have shown that the distal dynamics between enhancers and promoters are unexpectedly rapid and incompatible with standard polymer models. The discordance between the compact static chromatin organization and dynamics is a conundrum that violates the expected structure–function relationship. We developed a theory to predict chromatin dynamics by accurately determining three-dimensional (3D) structures from static Hi-C contact maps or fixed-cell imaging data. Using the calculated 3D coordinates, the theory accurately forecasts experimentally observed two-point chromatin dynamics. It predicts rapid enhancer–promoter interactions and uncovers a scaling relationship between two-point relaxation time and genomic separation, closely matching recent measurements. The theory predicts that cohesin depletion accelerates single-locus diffusion while significantly slowing relaxation dynamics within topologically associating domains. Our results demonstrate that chromatin dynamics can be reliably inferred from static structural data, reinforcing the notion that 3D chromatin structure governs dynamic behavior. This general framework offers powerful tools for exploring chromatin dynamics across diverse biological contexts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guang Shi and Sucheol Shin and D. Thirumalai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1763}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx1763}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Static three-dimensional structures determine fast dynamics between distal loci pairs in interphase chromosomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noise-enhanced stability in synchronized systems. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx1338. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synchronization underpins coherence in natural and engineered systems, unifying dynamics and countering noise while remaining vulnerable to disturbances threatening the stability and risking desynchronization. Here, we present a counterintuitive approach: harnessing noise to dilute the energy of unwanted fluctuations from external disturbances, thereby enhancing stability while preserving synchronization through the system’s inherent noise suppression at the synchronized frequency. Through experiments with micromechanical oscillators and macroscale rotors, combined with stochastic averaging analysis, we show that this noise dilution effect improves synchronization efficiency, bolsters resistance to interference, and enhances long-term frequency stability. These findings position white noise of appropriate intensity as a dilution element for mitigating unwanted disturbances, providing previously unidentified insights into stability and resilience in complex synchronized systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhan Shi and Qiangfeng Lv and Mengqi Fu and Xuefeng Wang and Zhilong Huang and Xueyong Wei and Marco Amabili and Ronghua Huan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1338}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx1338}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noise-enhanced stability in synchronized systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrahigh-density nested polar nanovortices with independently controllable conduction for ferroelectric memristor. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx0372. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferroelectric vortices have received much attention in the past decade due to their functionalities and potential applications in nanoelectronics. However, most of the vortices fabricated in the nanoislands have a size of more than a hundred nanometers, which limits the miniaturization of electronic devices. Here, we show the realization of a high-density vortex lattice with ~10- to 20-nanometer size in ultrathin bismuth ferrite/barium titanate bilayer by strain engineering. The obtained vortex shows a nested structure, e.g., an outer center-type structure with a nested inner ring included, which is well supported by piezoelectric force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and phase-field simulations. The nested vortex structure is not only more stable than the center-type vortex structure but also exhibits controllable multistate conduction with low energy consumption (<100 zeptojoules, e.g., 10 −19 joules), good stability (>1 year), and high endurance. This is of great interest for high-density [~2 terabits per square inch (3100 terabits per square meter)] ferroelectric memristor conception for neuromorphic computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wael Ben Taazayet and Jing Wang and Yixuan Zhang and Shuangquan Qu and Huayu Yang and Yuanyuan Fan and Haojie Han and Jing Ma and Ruiwen Shao and Houbing Huang and Ce-Wen Nan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0372}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx0372}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrahigh-density nested polar nanovortices with independently controllable conduction for ferroelectric memristor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The ISW1 and CHD1 chromatin remodelers suppress global nucleosome dynamics in living yeast cells. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw7108. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The budding yeast genome is globally accessible to DNA methyltransferases in living cells, unlike in isolated nuclei, where it is mostly inaccessible. Here, we assess the roles of the RSC, ISW1, and CHD1 adenosine 5′-triphosphate–dependent chromatin remodelers in generating nucleosome dynamics in vivo. We compare DNA methylation rates in wild-type cells and chromatin remodeler mutants by normalizing nuclear methylation rates to the nonnucleosomal mitochondrial DNA methylation rate in each strain. Depletion of both Isw1 and Chd1 increases the normalized methylation rate, suggesting that these remodelers act together to suppress nucleosome dynamics. Separate depletion of Isw1, Chd1, or Rsc8 has little effect. A decaying sine wave model used to fit nucleosome phasing data shows that nucleosome dynamics decrease with distance from the promoter in an Isw1/Chd1-dependent manner. Furthermore, the TFIIIB and TFIIIC transcription factors exhibit differential dynamics at transfer RNA genes in vivo. Our analysis provides insight into nucleosome and transcription factor dynamics in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuwei Xu and Hemant K. Prajapati and Peter R. Eriksson and David J. Clark}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7108}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw7108}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The ISW1 and CHD1 chromatin remodelers suppress global nucleosome dynamics in living yeast cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A scalable ultra-long-acting tenofovir phosphonate prodrug sustains HBV suppression. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw2286. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Long-acting (LA) extended-release formulations are revolutionizing treatment and prevention of HIV infection. However, none of the existing LA therapies are active against hepatitis B virus (HBV), a common coinfection with HIV. Managing coinfection requires therapy to be effective against both viruses. Notable candidates are tenofovir (TFV) prodrugs. We have previously developed an LA TFV through a modified lipophilic ProTide strategy. Given the process chemistry challenges presented by amino acid chiral centers in ProTides, a simplified lipophilic amino acid–free crystalline phosphonate prodrug of TFV (M5TFV) has been created. Intramuscular injections of M5TFV nanosuspension (NM5TFV) were well tolerated in Sprague-Dawley rats and HBV transgenic mice. Notably, single doses at 200 and 400 milligrams per kilogram TFV equivalents produced >2.5 log 10 reduction in HBV DNA beyond 2 months in transgenic mice. Reductions of covalently closed circular DNA were seen in hepatocyte-like cells. These promising findings support further development of NM5TFV as an ultra-LA formulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samiksha S. Raut and Srijanee Das and Grace Bybee and Haritha Chava and Mojisola Ogunnaike and Weimin Wang and Anup S. Pathania and Brandon W. Hanson and Nam Thai Hoang Le and Samuel M. Cohen and Howard E. Gendelman and Larisa Y. Poluektova and Benson J. Edagwa and Natalia A. Osna}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2286}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw2286}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A scalable ultra-long-acting tenofovir phosphonate prodrug sustains HBV suppression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamics of proximity-induced magnetism at cobalt/molecular interfaces. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw2243. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interfacing ferromagnetic metals with organic molecules is a versatile strategy to control key parameters in magnetic and spintronic technologies. Hybridization between the metal’s surface d orbitals and molecular p orbitals profoundly alters both the interfacial molecular layer and adjacent metal interface atomic layers, causing substantial changes in the magnetic properties of metal/molecule heterostructures. While magnetic modifications within the metallic layer are relatively well understood, the interfacial magnetism remains elusive. Using ultrafast time-resolved magneto-optical spectroscopy, we investigate the magnetic dynamics in such heterostructures and identify a distinct interfacial magnetic component that appears universal across various cobalt/molecule combinations. Our findings reveal a highly anisotropic magnetic layer localized at the interface, which has remained undetected in static measurements. This interfacial layer likely originates from strong chemical modifications in the cobalt surface induced by chemisorbed molecules. These results underscore the crucial role of molecular chemisorption in shaping interfacial magnetic properties, offering further opportunities for tuning functionalities in molecule-based spintronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaka Strohsack and Andrei V. Shumilin and Hui Zhao and Gregor Jecl and Viktor V. Kabanov and Mattia Benini and Rajib K. Rakshit and Valentin A. Dediu and Matthew D. Rogers and Servet Ozdemir and Oscar Cespedes and Umut Parlak and Mirko Cinchetti and Tomaz Mertelj}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2243}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw2243}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamics of proximity-induced magnetism at cobalt/molecular interfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Time of proto-earth reservoir formation and volatile element depletion from 53Mn-53Cr chronometry. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw1280. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The 53 Mn- 53 Cr chronometry of Solar System materials constrains the early chemical evolution of the protoplanetary disk, which is critical for planet formation. Mn/Cr ratios in carbonaceous chondrites and the bulk silicate Earth indicate that meteorite parent bodies and Earth have variable depletions in volatile elements compared to the bulk Solar composition. This depletion is a consequence of the local temperature decreasing as a function of heliocentric distance before planetesimal accretion. Back-tracking the present-day ε 53 Cr composition of the hypothetical proto-Earth fraction shows that the cessation of Mn-Cr fractionation from the bulk Solar composition occurred no later than ~3 Ma after CAI formation, similar to disk regions of carbonaceous chondrites at greater heliocentric distances. The timing of limited solid-gas interaction due to the dissipation of gas from the protoplanetary disk caused the cessation of Mn-Cr fractionation and provides a lower limit on its lifetime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pascal M. Kruttasch and Klaus Mezger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1280}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw1280}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Time of proto-earth reservoir formation and volatile element depletion from 53Mn-53Cr chronometry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification of distinct epitopes in dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor–associated bullous pemphigoid. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv9423. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune skin disorder caused by autoantibodies targeting BP180. Recent evidence shows that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), used in diabetes management, can induce BP (DPP4i-BP). DPP4i-BP differs from typical BP in its genetic, clinical, and immunological features, but methods to specifically detect DPP4i-BP autoantibodies have been unavailable. This study used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with “domain-swapped BP180” proteins to identify autoantibodies in DPP4i-BP, which targeted BP180 regions from the seventh noncollagenous domain to the fourth collagenous domain (NC7-Col4). These epitopes were associated with DPP4i-BP–specific human leukocyte antigen class II peptide epitopes. Notably, the duration of DPP4i intake before BP onset was significantly shorter in patients with anti–NC7-Col4 autoantibodies than those without them. Measuring the autoantibodies enabled the early diagnosis of DPP4i-BP before epitope spreading. Furthermore, anti–NC7-Col4 autoantibodies were detected in some patients with diabetes taking DPP4i without BP, suggesting that these assays may offer potential tools for early identification of at-risk individuals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shoko Mai and Yosuke Mai and Inkin Ujiie and Kentaro Izumi and Ken Natsuga and Wataru Nishie and Hideyuki Ujiie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9423}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv9423}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification of distinct epitopes in dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor–associated bullous pemphigoid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A pan-respiratory virus attachment inhibitor with high potency in human airway models and in vivo. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv9311. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Respiratory viruses can cause severe infections, often leading to hospitalization or death, and pose a major pandemic threat. No broad-spectrum antiviral is currently available. However, most respiratory viruses use sialic acid or heparan sulfates as attachment receptors. Here, we report the identification of a pan-respiratory antiviral strategy based on mimicking both glycans. We synthesized a modified cyclodextrin that simultaneously mimics heparan sulfate and sialic acid. This compound demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against important human pathogens: parainfluenza virus 3, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus H1N1, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition, the compound is active against avian strains of influenza virus, revealing its importance for pandemic preparedness. The compound retains broad-spectrum activity in ex vivo models of respiratory tissues and in vivo against respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus, using prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. These findings contribute to the development of future treatments and preventive measures for respiratory viral infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gregory Mathez and Paulo Jacob Silva and Vincent Carlen and Charlotte Deloizy and Clémentine Prompt and Anaïs Hubart and Joana Rocha-Pereira and Marie Galloux and Ronan Le Goffic and Francesco Stellacci and Valeria Cagno}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9311}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv9311}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A pan-respiratory virus attachment inhibitor with high potency in human airway models and in vivo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Energy filtering–induced ultrahigh thermoelectric power factors in Ni3Ge. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv7113. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traditional thermoelectric materials rely on low thermal conductivity to enhance their efficiency but suffer from inherently limited power factors. Innovative pathways to optimize electronic transport are thus crucial. Here, we achieve ultrahigh power factors in Ni 3 Ge-based systems through an unconventional thermoelectric materials design principle. When overlapping flat and dispersive bands are engineered to the Fermi level, charge carriers can undergo intense interband scattering, yielding an energy filtering effect similar to what has long been predicted in certain nanostructured materials. Via a multistep DFT-based screening method developed here, we find a family of L1 2 -ordered binary compounds with ultrahigh power factors up to 11 mW m −1 K −2 near room temperature, which are driven by an intrinsic phonon-mediated energy filtering mechanism. Our comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of these intriguing materials paves the way for understanding and designing high-performance scattering-tuned metallic thermoelectrics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fabian Garmroudi and Simone Di Cataldo and Michael Parzer and Jennifer Coulter and Yutaka Iwasaki and Matthias Grasser and Simon Stockinger and Stephan Pázmán and Sandra Witzmann and Alexander Riss and Herwig Michor and Raimund Podloucky and Sergii Khmelevskyi and Antoine Georges and Karsten Held and Takao Mori and Ernst Bauer and Andrej Pustogow}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7113}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv7113}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Energy filtering–induced ultrahigh thermoelectric power factors in Ni3Ge}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tailoring tin-based perovskite crystallization via large cations and pseudo-halide anions for high mobility and high stable transistors. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv4138. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tin-based perovskites, renowned for their eco-friendliness, intrinsic high hole mobility, and low effective mass, hold great potential for p-type thin-film transistors (TFTs). However, their propensity for rapid crystallization and oxidation severely limits stability and carrier mobility. Here, we strategically enhance perovskite TFT performance by incorporating 2-thiopheneethylamine thiocyanate (TEASCN) into 3D tin-based perovskites. The induction of the pseudo-halide SCN − into a bilayer quasi-2D perovskite intermediate phase, combined with the strong interaction between sulfur-bearing thiophene rings (TEA + ) and Sn-I octahedra, effectively reorients perovskite crystallization while inhibiting Sn 2+ oxidation and reducing trap density. Consequently, TEASCN-based TFTs achieve an average hole mobility of more than 60 square centimeters per volt per second and an on/off current ratio surpassing 10 8 , standing out among state-of-the-art p-type perovskite TFTs. Furthermore, unencapsulated devices preserve 84% of their initial mobility after 30 days in an N 2 atmosphere, underscoring their remarkable stability. This work opens a straightforward path toward high-mobility and highly stable tin-based perovskite transistors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanqiu Wu and Feng Yuan and Shuzhang Yang and Enlong Li and Wunan Wang and Yu Liu and Xiaomin Yang and Jincheng Wen and Lina Hua and Yingguo Yang and Yusheng Lei and Junhao Chu and Wenwu Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4138}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv4138}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tailoring tin-based perovskite crystallization via large cations and pseudo-halide anions for high mobility and high stable transistors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Glia-derived noncanonical fatty acid binding protein modulates brain lipid storage and clearance. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv2902. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glia-derived secretory factors are essential for brain development, physiology, and homeostasis, with their dysfunction linked to a variety of neurological disorders. Through genetic and biochemical approaches, we identified odorant binding protein 44a (Obp44a), a noncanonical α-helical fatty acid binding protein (FABP) highly expressed in Drosophila central nervous system glia. Obp44a binds long-chain fatty acids and shuttles between glia and neurons, acting as a secretory lipid chaperone and scavenger to support lipid storage, efflux, and redox homeostasis. Notably, Obp44a is recruited to apoptotic cells and injured axons, especially when glial engulfment is impaired, demonstrating its role in lipid waste management and clearance of cellular debris during development and in pathological states. Our findings highlight FABPs’ importance in regulating brain lipid dynamics and neuronal response to stress and injury. By visualizing FABP function in vivo, this study provides insights into how defective lipid regulation may contribute to neuronal stress and disease progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jun Yin and Hsueh-Ling Chen and Anna Grigsby-Brown and Yi He and Myriam L. Cotten and Jacob Short and Aidan Dermady and Jingce Lei and Mary Gibbs and Ethan S. Cheng and Dean Zhang and Caixia Long and Jennifer Tabet and Lele Xu and Tiffany Zhong and Rinat Abzalimov and Mariam Haider and Rong Sun and Ye He and Qiangjun Zhou and Nico Tjandra and Quan Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2902}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv2902}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Glia-derived noncanonical fatty acid binding protein modulates brain lipid storage and clearance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Laser writing of spin defects in polymers. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv1848. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Technologies based on quantum effects of spin defects, such as computation, communication, sensing, and anticounterfeiting, have developed rapidly. However, limited by specific crystal structure required for spin defects, wide extension of their application faces challenges. A notable challenge is fabricating spin defects in general-purpose, low-cost amorphous materials such as polymers. Here, we propose an in situ laser–induced fabrication strategy of spin defects from polymers based on manipulation of main and side chains of polymers (MMSCP). By using 17 laser parameters and 8 polymers, we successfully fabricated silicon carbide spin defects derived from material mismatches. ODMR contrast and linewidth are consistently above 0.15% and below 54 megahertz, respectively. Benefiting from minimal damage of laser direct writing and stable covalent bonding, MMSCP effectively fabricates spin defects in manufactured microfluidic devices, cardiac patches, and medicine bottles and applies them to sensing and anticounterfeiting. Overall, MMSCP represents a paradigm that revolutionizes the application scheme of spin defects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yue Qin and Hao Guo and Daixuan Wu and Yuxing Ma and Xin Li and Huanfei Wen and Zhonghao Li and Zongmin Ma and He Tian and Jun Tang and Jun Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1848}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv1848}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Laser writing of spin defects in polymers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Virtual staining of label-free tissue in imaging mass spectrometry. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv0741. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) enables untargeted, highly multiplexed mapping of molecular species in biological tissue with unparalleled chemical specificity and sensitivity. However, most IMS platforms lack microscopy-level spatial resolution and cellular morphological contrast, necessitating subsequent histochemical staining, microscopic imaging, and advanced image registration to correlate/link molecular distributions with specific tissue features and cell types. We present a diffusion model–based virtual histological staining approach that enhances spatial resolution and digitally introduces cellular morphological contrast into mass spectrometry images of label-free human tissue. Blind testing on human kidney tissue demonstrated that the virtually stained images of label-free samples closely match their histochemically stained counterparts (with periodic acid–Schiff staining), showing high concordance in identifying key renal pathology structures despite using IMS data with 10-fold larger pixel size. Additionally, our approach uses optimized noise sampling during the diffusion model’s inference to achieve reliable and repeatable virtual staining. We believe this virtual staining method will open avenues for IMS-based biomedical research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yijie Zhang and Luzhe Huang and Nir Pillar and Yuzhu Li and Yuhang Li and Lukasz G. Migas and Raf Van de Plas and Jeffrey M. Spraggins and Aydogan Ozcan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0741}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv0741}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Virtual staining of label-free tissue in imaging mass spectrometry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural determinants of g protein subtype selectivity at the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu9851. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Activation of the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A has been shown to regulate mood and cognition, making 5-HT1A an important target in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Although the receptor signals through inhibitory G proteins, more work is necessary to understand differences in transducer coupling and its relation to functional activity. To develop a molecular understanding of the differences underlying transducer coupling and activation, we performed structure-activity relationship studies of 5-HT1A with distinct G proteins. Through a combination of in vitro assays, we identified a potent partial agonist that selectively engages a G protein subtype. We further investigated the differences in G protein engagement at 5-HT1A with cryo–electron microscopy, determining structures of 5-HT1A bound to distinct ligands and G protein subtypes. Combined with subsequent structure-guided mutagenesis and signaling assays, our studies uncover both orthosteric and allosteric determinants of agonist-specific stimulation of distinct transducers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Audrey L. Warren and Gregory Zilberg and Anwar Abbassi and Alejandro Abraham and Shifan Yang and Daniel Wacker}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9851}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu9851}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural determinants of g protein subtype selectivity at the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). EIF2A regulates cell migration in a translation-independent manner. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu5668. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The RNA-binding protein eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A (eIF2A) is an alternative translation initiation factor shown to drive tumor formation by facilitating translation from near-cognate initiation codons. Here, we uncover a function for eIF2A in regulating cell migration in a manner independent of overt control of translation. Using a melanoma cell model consisting of nontumoral melanocytic Mel-ST cells and their metastatic counterpart obtained by H-Ras transformation, we unexpectedly find minimal effects of eIF2A depletion on translation. Interactome studies identified centrosomal proteins as major binding partners of eIF2A. We found that eIF2A colocalizes with the centrosome, enhances centrosome composition, and promotes centrosome orientation during cell migration. Migration requires the C-terminal disordered region of eIF2A, involved in mRNA binding. Interaction with mRNA, however, does not require ongoing translation. These findings reveal a role for eIF2A in centrosome dynamics beyond its traditional function in translation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jennifer Jungfleisch and Neus Mestre-Farràs and Raúl Gómez-Riera and Oriane Pourcelot and Edouard Bertrand and Nadia Halidi and Fátima Gebauer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5668}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu5668}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {EIF2A regulates cell migration in a translation-independent manner}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuronal reg3β/macrophage TNF-α–mediated positive feedback signaling contributes to pain chronicity in a rat model of CRPS-I. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu4270. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I) develops after an initial injury. It causes prolonged pain that persists beyond the usual expected time for tissue healing. Mechanisms underlying pain chronicity of CRPS-I remain unknown. Here, we identified the presence of long-lasting infiltration of macrophages in local dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of a rat model of CRPS-I. We demonstrate that regenerating islet-derived 3β (Reg3β) is specifically produced by DRG neurons upon model establishment and functions as an important signaling molecule to drive proinflammatory macrophage infiltration in local DRG. Infiltrated macrophages produce TNF-α, which causes hyperexcitability of nociceptive DRG neurons and reciprocally promotes Reg3β overexpression and secretion from DRG neurons to recruit more macrophages. Our work reveals a positive feedback signaling conveyed by neuronal Reg3β/macrophage TNF-α that contributes to neuroinflammation in DRG, resulting in persistent pain in a rat model of CRPS-I. This finding provides insights into the neuroimmune interaction in local DRG that contributes to pain chronicity of CRPS-I.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huimin Nie and Boyu Liu and Chengyu Yin and Zishan Dong and Yushuang Pan and Peiyi Li and Qimiao Hu and Jie Wang and Yan Tai and Xiaomei Shao and Guihua Tian and Chuan Wang and Jianqiao Fang and Boyi Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4270}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu4270}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuronal reg3β/macrophage TNF-α–mediated positive feedback signaling contributes to pain chronicity in a rat model of CRPS-I}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spinal motor neuron development and metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor IA. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu3346. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neural circuits governing all motor behaviors in vertebrates rely on the proper development of motor neurons and their precise targeting of limb muscles. Transcription factors are essential for motor neuron development, regulating their specification, migration, and axonal targeting. While transcriptional regulation of the early stages of motor neuron specification is well established, much less is known about the role of transcription factors in the later stages of maturation and muscle targeting. Defining the molecular mechanisms of these later stages is critical for elucidating how motor circuits are constructed. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor nuclear factor IA (NFIA) is required for motor neuron positioning, axonal branching, and neuromuscular junction formation. Moreover, we find that NFIA is required for proper mitochondrial function and adenosine triphosphate production, providing an important link between transcription factors and metabolism during motor neuron development. Together, these findings underscore the critical role of NFIA in instructing the assembly of spinal circuits for movement.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julia Gauberg and Sarah Jenkins and Kevin B. Moreno and Karthik Jayaraman and Sara Abumeri and Alisa Salazar and Hiruy S. Meharena and Stacey M. Glasgow}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3346}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu3346}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spinal motor neuron development and metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor IA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexoelectric manipulation of ferroelectric polarization in self-strained tellurium. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu1716. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Beyond conventional ferroelectric compounds, the realization of single-element ferroelectricity expands the scope of ferroelectric materials and diversifies polarization mechanisms. However, strategies for manipulating ferroelectric dipoles in elemental ferroelectrics remain underexplored, limiting their broader applications. Here, we introduce a universal flexoelectric manipulation strategy to tune the ferroelectric and piezoelectric polarization of one-dimensional self-strained tellurium (Te) ferroelectrics. A substantial flexoelectric field of 9.55 microcoulombs per square centimeter was observed in self-strained Te, inducing a polarization rotation of 18°, comparable to the typical 15° rotation in ferroelectric PbTiO 3 compounds. This substantial polarization rotation enhances ferroelectric coercivity by 165% and piezoelectric responses by 75% compared to unstrained Te. Moreover, the flexoelectric manipulation of ferroelectric polarization demonstrated improved energy harvesting performance at the device level, surpassing most existing counterparts. Our findings highlight the crucial role of flexoelectricity-ferroelectricity coupling in developing high-performance single-element electromechanical devices and ferroelectronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan Yan and Xiongyi Liang and Liqiang Wang and Yuxuan Zhang and Jiaming Zhou and Weijun Wang and Zhibo Zhang and Yu Zhou and Irum Firdous and Zhengxun Lai and Wei Wang and Pengshan Xie and Yuecheng Xiong and Walid A. Daoud and Zhiyong Fan and Dong-Myeong Shin and Yong Yang and Yang Lu and Xiao Cheng Zeng and You Meng and Johnny C. Ho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1716}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu1716}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexoelectric manipulation of ferroelectric polarization in self-strained tellurium}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). GTP hydrolysis triggers membrane remodeling by AMPH-1. SCIADV, 11(31), eads9443. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Membrane-enclosed transport carriers return biological molecules from the recycling endosome to the plasma membrane using a mechanism that is not well understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans , the formation of carriers from the recycling endosome requires the amphiphysin protein AMPH-1. Recently, we found that purified AMPH-1 is sufficient for tubulation and vesiculation of liposomes in a mechanism that is regulated by guanine nucleotides. Here, we propose a model linking guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) binding and hydrolysis to the membrane binding and tubulation required for transport carrier formation. We find that GTP binding stabilizes interactions between AMPH-1 and the membrane through amphipathic, amino-terminal α helices, which are found at the tips of the arc-shaped, homodimeric structure. By contrast, in the posthydrolysis, guanosine diphosphate–bound state, these helices are repositioned to interact with the amino-terminal helices of other homodimers, to form an oligomeric AMPH-1 lattice that tubulates the membrane, in preparation for carrier formation by membrane fission.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Gai and Yuhang Wang and Brianna Martin and Junjie Zhang and Chavela M. Carr and Hays S. Rye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9443}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eads9443}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {GTP hydrolysis triggers membrane remodeling by AMPH-1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Precise rewiring of corticospinal axons and spinal interneurons via near-infrared optogenetics for spinal cord injury treatment. SCIADV, 11(31), eads4938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To date, precise restoration of proper connections between posttrauma axons and neurons following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a substantial challenge. Here, we developed glutamate-linked upconversion nanoparticles (Glu-UCNP) to facilitate optogenetic control of axonal sprouting in SCI mice. After being specifically uptaken by the postsynaptic interneurons innervated by corticospinal tract (CST) axons, Glu-UCNP not only serves as internal light transducers that convert near-infrared light to visible light but also acts as nanobeacons that guide axonal sprouting toward postsynaptic neurons of glutamatergic synapses. This in situ optogenetic modulation successfully demonstrated the restoration of spinal motor circuits by rebuilding functional connections between CST axons and postsynaptic interneurons. It was corroborated by live-cell recording, immunofluorescence staining, in vivo Ca 2+ imaging, and pellet-reaching tests. Transcriptome sequencing further elucidated the molecular network changes underlying this optogenetic modulation. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic applications of optogenetic modulation in the reassembly of neural circuits after SCI.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhe Ji and Jun Yan and Chenxi Li and Yuhui Sun and Shoupeng Wang and Jin Tao and Jian Liu and Yaobo Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eads4938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Precise rewiring of corticospinal axons and spinal interneurons via near-infrared optogenetics for spinal cord injury treatment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). BACH2 drives the development and function of group 2 innate lymphoid cells. SCIADV, 11(31), eads4323. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent one of the major drivers of allergic inflammation; however, the precise mechanisms governing the development and function of ILC2s remain unknown. Here, we show that the transcription factor BACH2 was abundantly expressed and epigenetically activated in ILC2s and their progenitors. Conditional ablation of BACH2 diminished the ability of ILC2 progenitors to differentiate into ILC2s. Integration of the scRNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and CUT&Tag-seq techniques revealed that BACH2 modulated the transcriptional profiles and epigenetic landscapes of ILC2 progenitors. Furthermore, BACH2 ablation compromised the functionality of ILC2s, resulting in a resolution of allergic airway inflammation. Notably, the different binding sites of BACH2 in ILC2s and T H 2 cells suggested that BACH2 binds to IRF4 to control the function of ILC2, underscoring its context-specific effects on allergic airway inflammation. These findings shed promising light on the importance of BACH2 in type 2 immunity and its multifaceted role in asthma.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gaoyu Liu and Ying Wang and Xianfu Yi and Jianye Wang and Jun Zhang and Xixi Feng and Haitao Wang and Chun Chen and Qiang Liu and Jun Wang and Jie Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4323}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eads4323}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {BACH2 drives the development and function of group 2 innate lymphoid cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TH17 cells regulate chemokine expression in epithelial cells through C/EBPβ and dictate host sensitivity to colitis and cancer immunity. SCIADV, 11(31), eads3530. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {T H 17 cells play a critical role in inflammation, cancer development, and antitumor immunity in a context-dependent manner, but detailed mechanisms and their downstream signaling events remain poorly understood. Here, we describe that T H 17 cytokines strongly inhibit expression of critical chemokines in epithelial tissues, which leads to blocking infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells into the colon, rendering resistance to DSS-induced colitis and colon cancer. We show that key chemokine expression dictates the sensitivity of WT mice to DSS treatment. Mechanistically, we identified C/EBPβ and STAT3 as negative regulators of key chemokine expression following IL-17 and IL-22 stimulation. Knockout of either C/EBPβ or STAT3 in mouse epithelial cells abolished the protective function of T H 17 cytokines and converted resistant to sensitive phenotype. C/EBPβ ablation in cancer cells markedly enhanced chemokine expression, thus sensitizing cancer cells for anti–PD-1 immunotherapy. Overall, our findings have identified a previously unrecognized critical gap between T H 17 cytokines, epithelial chemokine expression, and immune cell infiltration through a C/EBPβ-mediated pathway.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Changsheng Xing and Tianhao Duan and Linfeng Li and Lang Chen and Pengfei Zhang and Yang Du and Siyao Liu and Nihal Annaparthi and Shuo Wang and Chen Qian and Helen Y. Wang and Rong-Fu Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3530}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eads3530}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TH17 cells regulate chemokine expression in epithelial cells through C/EBPβ and dictate host sensitivity to colitis and cancer immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Violation of bell inequality with unentangled photons. SCIADV, 11(31), eadr1794. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Violation of local realism via Bell inequality—a profound and counterintuitive manifestation of quantum theory that conflicts with the prediction of local realism—is viewed to be intimately linked with quantum entanglement. Experimental demonstrations of such a phenomenon using quantum entangled states are among the landmark experiments of modern physics and paved the way for quantum technology. Here, we report the violation of the Bell inequality that cannot be described by quantum entanglement in the system but arises from quantum indistinguishability by path identity, shown by the multiphoton frustrated interference. By analyzing the measurement of four-photon frustrated interference within the standard Bell-test formalism, we find a violation of Bell inequality by more than four SDs. Our work establishes a connection between quantum correlation and quantum indistinguishability, providing insights into the fundamental origin of the counterintuitive characteristics observed in quantum physics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kai Wang and Zhaohua Hou and Kaiyi Qian and Leizhen Chen and Mario Krenn and Markus Aspelmeyer and Anton Zeilinger and Shining Zhu and Xiao-Song Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1794}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadr1794}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Violation of bell inequality with unentangled photons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hospitalization risk and burden for cause-specific cardiovascular diseases following tropical cyclones: A multicountry study. SCIADV, 11(31), eadr0800. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The indirect health risks of tropical cyclones (TCs), the costliest climate extremes, remain unclear, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) being a major contributor. We applied two-stage time-series analysis to 6.54 million CVD hospitalizations across six countries/territories (Canada, New Zealand, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam) between 2000 and 2019 to quantify the long-term risks and burden of CVD hospitalizations following TCs. Hospitalization risks for cause-specific CVDs consistently increased following TC exposure, generally peaking around 2 months postexposure and dissipating by 6 months. Overall, each additional TC day was associated with a 13% (95% confidence interval, 7 to 19%) increase in CVD hospitalizations in 6 months following TCs. Particularly high TC-attributable burden was found for ischemic heart diseases and stroke, especially among males, individuals aged 20 to 59 years, and those with higher levels of socioeconomic deprivation. The TC-attributable proportions of CVD hospitalizations showed decreasing trends in less deprived populations and increasing trends in more deprived populations from 2000 to 2019.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenzhong Huang and Zhengyu Yang and Yiwen Zhang and Thomas Vogt and Jinah Park and Wenhua Yu and Rongbin Xu and Simon Hales and Samuel Hundessa and Christian Otto and Pei Yu and Yanming Liu and Ke Ju and Eric Lavigne and Tingting Ye and Bo Wen and Yao Wu and Yuxi Zhang and Wissanupong Kliengchuay and Kraichat Tantrakarnapa and Yue Leon Guo and Ho Kim and Dung Phung and Elizabeth A. Ritchie and Shanshan Li and Yuming Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0800}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {8}, number = {31}, pages = {eadr0800}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hospitalization risk and burden for cause-specific cardiovascular diseases following tropical cyclones: A multicountry study}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The β2-adrenergic receptor (Adrb2) entrains circadian gene oscillation and CD8+ t cell differentiation in response to virus infection. SCIADV, 11(31), eady2643. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptive immune cells are regulated by circadian rhythms both under steady state conditions and during responses to infection. Cytolytic CD8 + T cells display variable responses to infection depending upon the time of day of exposure. However, the neuronal signals that entrain these cyclic behaviors remain unknown. Immune cells express various neurotransmitter receptors, and we demonstrate that selective deletion of the β 2 -adrenergic receptor ( Adrb2 ) gene perturbs the normal diurnal oscillation of clock gene expression in CD8 + T cells, such as Per2 and Bmal1 . Consequently, their time-of-day–dependent response to vesicular stomatitis virus was dysregulated, and the diurnal development of CD8 + T cells into variegated populations of memory/effectors was altered in the absence of ADRB2 signaling. The diurnal fluctuations in T cell phenotypes were a distinct developmental process, independent of migration kinetics within the spleen. Thus, Adrb2 directly entrains core clock gene oscillation and regulates T cell developmental responses to virus infection as a function of time of day of pathogen exposure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Drashya Sharma and Kira A. Kohlbach and Robert Maples and J. David Farrar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2643}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eady2643}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The β2-adrenergic receptor (Adrb2) entrains circadian gene oscillation and CD8+ t cell differentiation in response to virus infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tailored sliding ferroelectricity for ultrahigh fatigue resistance in stacked trilayer MoS2 crystals. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx8192. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fatigue-resistant ferroelectric materials in two-dimensional systems are crucial for next-generation electronic devices, but the relationship between stacking configurations and ferroelectric behavior remains underexplored. Here, we synthesize trilayer MoS 2 crystals with three noncentrosymmetric stacking configurations (AAA, AAB, and ABB) using a thermal gradient chemical vapor deposition strategy. Notable variations in room-temperature ferroelectricity are observed, with polarization strength following the order AAA > AAB > ABB, up to 0.110 microcoulombs per square centimeter. The total stress time for AAA, AAB, and ABB configurations is 10 6 seconds under a 10-microsecond pulse width. We also identify an oscillatory feature between stacking configurations and ferroelectric polarization in multilayer systems. This work establishes a distinctive paradigm for designing robust, high-performance ferroelectric materials, unlocking scalable solutions for next-generation memory and electronic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aiqing Fan and Qing Zhang and Zihao Yang and Lin Li and Menghan Li and Keyu Zhang and Junfeng Gao and Fan Wu and Menghao Wu and Dechao Geng and Wenping Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8192}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx8192}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tailored sliding ferroelectricity for ultrahigh fatigue resistance in stacked trilayer MoS2 crystals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Morphology– and adhesion–dual biomimetic nanovaccine boosts antigen cross-presentation through subcellular transport regulation. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx6732. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In situ tumor vaccines have immense potential for immunotherapy because they generate whole tumor–derived antigens (TDAs) to activate antitumor immune responses. However, the rapid degradation and clearance of the released TDAs severely hinder subsequent antigen presentation and the final efficacy of the in situ vaccine. Here, we synthesized gold nanoxanthium coated with polydopamine (AuNX-PDA) to mimic the morphological and biological adhesion properties of xanthium and mussels, respectively. AuNX-PDA facilitated effective absorption of released TDAs after near-infrared II photothermal treatment and delivery of the absorbed TDAs to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus of dendritic cells for cross-presentation, thereby activating CD8 + T cells for efficient tumor-specific immunity. The nanovaccine (NV) significantly inhibited irradiated primary tumors and nonirradiated distant tumors by producing robust antitumor immune responses in B16F10 melanoma and 4T1 breast cancer mouse models. These findings highlight the potency of morphology– and adhesion–dual biomimetic NVs in whole-tumor vaccine therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenyu Wang and Huimin Zhou and Qianyi Su and Qinyu Qiu and Wenjia Deng and Miaomiao Zhang and Zhiyong Xu and Jiaxin Li and Jisheng Xiao and Xiaopin Duan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6732}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx6732}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Morphology– and adhesion–dual biomimetic nanovaccine boosts antigen cross-presentation through subcellular transport regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Control and synchronization of rapid nanoscale DNA heat engine by local heating. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx6316. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To further activate devices based on DNA nanotechnology, we introduce an approach that notably enhances both the speed and force of DNA powered machines and artificial hinge machine. A microheater, with millisecond response, heats or recools DNA origami constructs, hybridizing or dehybridizing sticky ends. Because anything within 20 micrometers of the heater equilibrates to a programmed temperature change in milliseconds, sticky ends of a compound DNA origami machine can open and close synchronously and operate cooperatively, in phase, additively increasing the drive force compared to single pair of sticky ends DNA machine (the six-helix bundle DNA origami hinge machine). In our demonstrations, we fold and unfold two square origami with 10 pairs of complementary sticky ends to drive a bead on the end of a rod like origami to speeds exceeding 30 micrometers per second. Our device envisions the creation of complex, synchronized DNA machines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kun Wang and Aditya Hardikar and Wenjun Chen and Qiuyan Huang and Buming Guo and Guolong Zhu and Heng Ni and Ruojie Sha and Nadrian C. Seeman and Paul M. Chaikin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6316}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx6316}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Control and synchronization of rapid nanoscale DNA heat engine by local heating}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). GPR161 mechanosensitivity at the primary cilium drives neuronal saltatory migration. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx3846. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The saltatory migration of neurons is essential for brain formation. Whether mechanical stimuli regulate this process is unknown. Here, we show that the primary cilium acts as a mechanical sensor through GPR161. Using an ex vivo neuronal migration model and microfluidic assays, we demonstrate that fluid shear stress induces migration via the mechanoreceptor GPR161 at the primary cilium, with its mechanosensitive helix 8 being essential. We demonstrate that GPR161 activates a recently discovered cAMP/PKA signaling pathway leading to the phosphorylation of NDE1, a dynein complex regulator, and microtubule organization to regulate migration. These findings unveil a critical role of mechanosensation in neuronal migration, regulating the rhythmicity of migration, in concert with the externalization/internalization dynamics of the primary cilium.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Théo Paillard and Ada Allam and Mohamed Doulazmi and Mathieu Hautefeuille and Coralie Fouquet and Liza Sarde and Julie Stoufflet and Salima Messaoudi and Nathalie Spassky and Stéphane Nédélec and Isabelle Dusart and Alain Trembleau and Isabelle Caillé}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3846}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx3846}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {GPR161 mechanosensitivity at the primary cilium drives neuronal saltatory migration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topology-driven design of bianisotropic metasurfaces through knot particles. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx3657. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bianisotropic metasurfaces enable advanced electromagnetic wave manipulation through magnetoelectric coupling. Here, we demonstrate how knot particles enable single-layer bianisotropic control using their inherent topology. Leveraging their geometric properties, we examine three-dimensional (3D) wire configurations characterized by the knot winding numbers ( p , q ), generating balanced electric and magnetic responses. Through multipole analysis, we demonstrate efficient polarization rotation with high transmission for different knot-particle topologies. We explore the knot-particle topologies required to achieve matched polarization rotation and derive simple design rules for the knot parameters without resorting to numerical optimization. The microscopic polarizability tensors and macroscopic susceptibilities reveal that the trefoil knot exhibits strong chiral bianisotropic behavior through its magnetoelectric coupling tensor. We implement knot-particle metasurfaces using advanced 3D printing, which realizes the full 3D geometry of the wires. We present simplified flat designs suitable for printed circuit board fabrication that preserve the essential symmetry enabling the bianisotropic properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nadav Goshen and Yarden Mazor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3657}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx3657}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topology-driven design of bianisotropic metasurfaces through knot particles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CeyeHao: AI-driven microfluidic flow programming with hierarchically assembled obstacles and receptive field–augmented neural network. SCIADV, 11(31), eadx2826. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microfluidic fabrication technologies are increasingly used to produce functional anisotropic microstructures for broad applications. However, the limited flow manipulation methods hinder the production of intricate microstructure morphologies. In this work, we introduce CeyeHao, an artificial intelligence–driven flow programming methodology for designing microchannels to perform unprecedented flow manipulations. In CeyeHao, microchannels containing hierarchically assembled obstacles are constructed, offering more than double flow transformation modes and immense configurability compared to state-of-the-art methods. An AI model, CEyeNet, predicts the transformed flow profiles, reducing computation time by up to 2700 folds and achieving up to 97 and 90% accuracy with simulated and experiment results. CeyeHao facilitates microchannel design in both human-guided and automatic modes, enabling creation of flow morphologies with highly regulated geometries and elaborate artistic patterns, along with precise topology manipulation of multiple streams. The superior flow manipulation capability of CeyeHao can facilitate broad applications from complex microstructure fabrication to precise reaction control.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenyu Yang and Zhongning Jiang and Haisong Lin and Xiaoxue Fan and Changjin Wu and Edmund Y. Lam and Hayden K. H. So and Ho Cheung Shum}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2826}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadx2826}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CeyeHao: AI-driven microfluidic flow programming with hierarchically assembled obstacles and receptive field–augmented neural network}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). North american bird declines are driven by reductions in common species. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw8971. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biodiversity loss continues to occur globally. However, the long-term dynamics of the redistribution of abundance within declining communities remain poorly resolved. We quantitatively dissected the major decline of North American bird abundance by rigorously analyzing 38,854 surveys that quantify over half a century of annual dynamics for 648 populations of 244 bird species from six regions, each encompassing 140,000 to 370,000 km 2 . Despite regional variation in geography, habitat, and species composition, a consistent pattern emerges: Biodiversity loss predominantly stems from declines in the most abundant bird species, whereas less abundant species show increases. We demonstrate that species once abundant and near their carrying capacity have declined, while less abundant species farther from their carrying capacity have increased. A path analysis identifies the key role played by anthropogenic land-use changes in causing the observed declines. Conservation efforts should place stronger emphasis on the abundance of common species as a central ecological indicator.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gates Dupont and Andy Dobson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8971}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw8971}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {North american bird declines are driven by reductions in common species}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Childhood nutritional stress and later-life health outcomes in medieval england: Evidence from incremental dentine analysis. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw7076. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Numerous studies have revealed links between prenatal/early-life stress and elevated morbidity and risks of mortality later in life. Given the number of subsistence crises in medieval England, this study uses stable isotopic, demographic, and paleopathological data from human skeletal remains ( n = 275) to assess associations between early-life nutritional stress and health outcomes before, during, and after the Black Death in London and rural Lincolnshire approximately 1000 to 1540 CE. Our results suggest that survivors of early-life nutritional stress were resilient with respect to causes of death in childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Ultimately, however, early-life nutritional stress was associated with the presence of skeletal biomarkers of stress and elevated mortality in middle and late adulthood in the medieval period, consistent with models from developmental biology. We find that the prevalence of nutritional stress increased before the Black Death and decreased afterward. Understanding the long-term consequences of early-life nutritional stress can offer insights on the health trajectories of historical populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sharon N. DeWitte and Julia Beaumont and Brittany S. Walter and Jacqueline R. Towers and Emily J. Brennan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7076}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw7076}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Childhood nutritional stress and later-life health outcomes in medieval england: Evidence from incremental dentine analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomimetic targeted self-adaptive nanodrug for inflammation optimization and AT2 cell modulation in precise ARDS therapy. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw5133. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a lethal respiratory condition, while effective pharmacological treatments remain elusive. We identified the decreased mechanical capacity and impaired proliferation of alveolar type 2 (AT2) epithelial cells in the inflammatory environment as the primary contributors to respiratory failure of ARDS. A biomimetic, self-adaptive, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone–loaded hollow mesoporous cerium oxide coated with a platelet membrane (HCeO x -D@PM) was developed for precise ARDS therapy. HCeO x -D@PM comprises a platelet membrane (PM) shell for targeted delivery to injured lungs and an HCeO x core, which enables high drug loading, efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, and penetration of the alveolar-capillary barrier. Initially, HCeO x -D@PM suppresses the inflammation and mitigates the adverse effects of lesions on AT2 cell by scavenging accumulated ROS. It then adaptively releases 7,8-dihydroxyflavone in response to cysteine–aspartic acid protease 3 activation, facilitating AT2 cell proliferation and notably improving survival rates in vivo, offering a promising advancement in the precise treatment of respiratory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cheng Chen and Danfeng He and Xilan Li and Zelin Ou and Hong Wang and Zhinan Shou and Li Wang and Zhengwei Mao and Xiaolan Qi and Jun Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5133}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw5133}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomimetic targeted self-adaptive nanodrug for inflammation optimization and AT2 cell modulation in precise ARDS therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insights into the genetic basis of bilateral head asymmetry in a scale-eating cichlid fish. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw4406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Almost all animals are bilaterally symmetrical, and only rarely is this universality broken and maintained as a stable polymorphism. One such case is Perissodus microlepis , a scale-eating cichlid fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species is polymorphic with left- or right-headed morphs, each specialized for scraping scales from the opposite side of their prey. This polymorphism is stably maintained around a 50:50 ratio and is likely driven by negative frequency–dependent selection, a classic form of balancing selection. Using a genome-wide dataset, including a de novo haplotype-resolved reference genome, whole-genome sequences, and microcomputed tomography scans of 102 individuals, we identified 72 genetic loci linked to head asymmetry. Nearby genes are enriched for roles in symmetry establishment, facial morphology, and nervous system function, with evidence suggesting that balancing selection maintains this diversity. Our study expands our understanding of the genetic basis of head asymmetry and provides candidate genes for further research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaomeng Tian and Ming Li and Axel Meyer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw4406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insights into the genetic basis of bilateral head asymmetry in a scale-eating cichlid fish}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A wearable spatiotemporal controllable ultrasonic device with amyloid-β disaggregation for continuous alzheimer’s disease therapy. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw1732. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rising prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) due to an aging population has made the search for effective treatments more urgent than ever. Previous studies have demonstrated that continuous ultrasound can depolymerize amyloid proteins, offering potential relief from AD. In this study, we present a portable, fully integrated wearable ultrasound system designed to promote amyloid protein depolymerization. The system comprises a flexible honeycomb ultrasonic array patch, a flexible printed circuit, and an interactive terminal control system to facilitate the treatment process. Our results demonstrate that the system effectively reduces amyloid proteins in the brain, improves cognitive function in a familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) mouse model, enhances microglial phagocytosis of amyloid-β plaques, and shifts microglia polarization from M1 to M2. These changes contribute to a mitigated inflammatory environment in the brain. This innovative approach may pave the way for noninvasive, personalized treatments for AD, potentially transforming therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Faxing Zou and Yibiao Liu and Yong Luo and Tailin Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1732}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw1732}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A wearable spatiotemporal controllable ultrasonic device with amyloid-β disaggregation for continuous alzheimer’s disease therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Circularly polarized thermal emission driven by chiral flatbands in monoclinic metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw0986. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving circularly polarized thermal emissions with high spatiotemporal coherence using planar structures has long been considered to be elusive. Here, we use nonlocal metasurfaces with monoclinic lattices that break mirror symmetry to efficiently achieve circularly polarized thermal emissions with both high temporal and spatial coherence. We design a chiral metasurface based on waveguide arrays with periodically shifted segments that have a saddle-shaped chiral and high- Q dispersion band. The parabolic shape along one direction ensures minimum involvement of spatial/Fourier components at each frequency, thereby achieving circularly polarized thermal emission with high spatial coherence. Meanwhile, the flatband behavior along the other direction allows the use of a slot-shaped spatial filter and a mid-infrared lens to collect emissions from large-area metasurfaces, thus improving power collection efficiency without affecting temporal coherence. Our experiments demonstrate circularly polarized thermal emissions with high temporal coherence ( Q > 200) and very large circular dichroism (~0.8).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaili Sun and Bingxiong Yang and Yangjian Cai and Yuri Kivshar and Zhanghua Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0986}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw0986}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Circularly polarized thermal emission driven by chiral flatbands in monoclinic metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ambient catalyst-free conversion of methane to methanol by water radical cations. SCIADV, 11(31), eadw0584. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Methane combustion contributes 30% to global warming, making its conversion to cleaner chemicals a critical challenge. Here, we report a catalyst-free ambient conversion of methane to methanol with a remarkable yield exceeding 650 millimoles per hour and a high conversion rate of ~35%, achieved using in situ–generated water dimer radical cations, ( H 2 O ) 2 + · , in a specially designed batch reactor operating under mild conditions. In a single run, the reactor was typically operated for 10 minutes. The atom efficiency for hydrogen in our approach for methanol synthesis is ~67%. Hydrogen gas is the by-product, produced at a rate of over 2 millimoles per hour. Compared to the previously reported catalytic methods, our production yields are up by between 10 2 and 10 6 times depending on the literature method. This breakthrough enables clean, energy-efficient methane conversion without unwanted oxidation by-products, offering substantial environmental and economic benefits beyond combustion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoping Zhang and Rui Su and Minmin Duan and Xuwen Chen and Bin Jia and Konstantin Chingin and Roman Balabin and Jiang Wang and Wenbo Zhang and Xinglei Zhang and Huanwen Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0584}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadw0584}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ambient catalyst-free conversion of methane to methanol by water radical cations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A trehalase-derived MAMP triggers LecRK-v–mediated immune responses in arabidopsis. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv8896. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause major agricultural losses worldwide, yet the molecular basis of plant immunity against these pathogens remains poorly understood. To investigate how plants recognize PPNs, we aimed to identify microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) from nematodes and the corresponding plant immune components. Because of the limited availability of material from obligate PPNs, we used Caenorhabditis elegans , a free-living nematode, as a MAMP source. C. elegans extract activated MAMP-triggered immune responses in Arabidopsis Col-0. Through chromatography-based purification, we identified a secreted trehalase and pinpointed a conserved peptide region essential for its MAMP activity. A corresponding peptide from root-knot nematode trehalase enabled the identification of lectin receptor kinases LecRK-V.5 and LecRK-V.6 as key components in immune induction. Notably, this peptide region is conserved across some phytophagous insects and fungal pathogens, with LecRK-Vs required for immune responses to these peptides, highlighting the role of LecRK-V–mediated mechanism for broad-spectrum pathogen detection via trehalase-derived peptides.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erika Iino and Yasuhiro Kadota and Noriko Maki and Kazuki Sato and Erika Ono and Nobuaki Ishihama and Mason Rugen-Hankey and Siyuan Wei and Bruno Pok Man Ngou and Naoyoshi Kumakura and Marc W. Schmid and Sebastian Eves-van den Akker and Takamasa Suzuki and Taketo Uehara and Ken Shirasu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8896}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv8896}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A trehalase-derived MAMP triggers LecRK-v–mediated immune responses in arabidopsis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deciphering photocurrent mechanisms at the nanoscale in van der waals interfaces for enhanced optoelectronic applications. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv7614. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrated photodetectors are vital for their high speed, sensitivity, and low power consumption, with photocurrent driven by the photovoltaic and photothermoelectric (PTE) effects. At the nanoscale, these mechanisms overlap, complicating their separate evaluation. We introduce a 3D photocurrent nanoimaging technique to map these effects in a MoS 2 -Au Schottky photodiode, revealing a PTE-dominated region extending hundreds of nanometers from the electrode edge, enabled by weak electrostatic forces in two-dimensional materials. Unexpectedly, adding high–thermal conductivity hexagonal boron nitride enhances the PTE response by laterally redirecting heat, aligning thermal gradients with Seebeck coefficient variations, and boosting local conductance. This technique advances optoelectronic applications and deepens insights into light-matter interactions in low-dimensional systems, offering a powerful tool for designing efficient nanoscale photodetectors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Da Xu and Qiushi Liu and Boqun Liang and Ning Yu and Xuezhi Ma and Yaodong Xu and Takashi Taniguchi and Charlie Ding and Roger K. Lake and Ruoxue Yan and Ming Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7614}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv7614}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deciphering photocurrent mechanisms at the nanoscale in van der waals interfaces for enhanced optoelectronic applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Origami exoskeletons for enhanced soft robotic manipulation. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv6629. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soft robots are characterized by ultraflexible electromechanical structures that are capable of large deformations and movements. However, the challenge of generating the high output forces necessary for manipulation persists because of the low Young’s moduli of soft materials, which limit their effectiveness in tasks such as carrying, grasping, and providing support. Inspired by shrimp exoskeletons, we designed an origami exoskeleton that features flexible-rigid arrangements and mechanical multistability. This design offers high stiffness in stable states while allowing for long-stroke transitions, making it suitable for integration with soft actuators to balance deformability and load-bearing capacity. With advantages such as high compressibility and rapid integration, these exoskeleton-enhanced arms have promising applications when mounted on unmanned ground and aerial vehicles, facilitating large-scale dexterous manipulation with the necessary load capacities. For existing soft arms, the proposed origami exoskeleton enhances the potential for manipulation within their original design framework.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kangjia Fu and Xuesong Wu and Sunquan Yu and Qi Zhang and Yanjie Yang and Tonglin Xu and Wen Yao and Teng Yi and Hua Li and Yong Chen and Xiang Zhang and Xiaoqian Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6629}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv6629}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Origami exoskeletons for enhanced soft robotic manipulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetically induced magnetosome chain (MAGiC): A biogenic magnetic-particle-imaging tracer with high performance and navigability. SCIADV, 11(31), eadv2485. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) enables real-time, sensitive, and quantitative visualization of tracer distribution, augmenting the capability of in vivo imaging technologies. Previous MPI tracer research has predominantly focused on superparamagnetic nanoparticles, whose suboptimal sigmoidal magnetization curves limit their spatial resolution. Here, we introduce the magnetically induced magnetosome chain (MAGiC), a superferromagnetic MPI tracer, demonstrating a 25-fold improvement in resolution in the excitation direction and an order of magnitude improvement in signal intensity compared to the commercial tracer VivoTrax+. Under a gradient field of 4 tesla per meter, the resolution in the excitation direction reached 80 micrometers. Furthermore, MAGiC can be accurately manipulated using magnetic fields, making it an MPI-trackable microrobot. We have elucidated the mechanisms underlying MAGiC’s superior performance and validated its effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. As a high-performance MPI tracer and microrobot, MAGiC holds tremendous potential for various applications, such as cell tracking, image-guided drug delivery, and therapeutic interventions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lei Li and Chan Zhao and Zhiyuan Zhao and Dou Han and Yidong Liao and Yanjun Liu and Sijia Liu and Xiaohua Jia and Jiesheng Tian and Qing Liu and Xin Feng and Jie Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2485}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadv2485}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetically induced magnetosome chain (MAGiC): A biogenic magnetic-particle-imaging tracer with high performance and navigability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revealing rhythm categorization in human brain activity. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu9838. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Humans across cultures show an outstanding capacity to perceive, learn, and produce musical rhythms. These skills rely on mapping the infinite space of possible rhythmic sensory inputs onto a finite set of internal rhythm categories. What is the nature of the brain processes underlying rhythm categorization? We used electroencephalography to measure brain activity as human participants listened to a continuum of rhythmic sequences characterized by repeating patterns of two interonset intervals. Using frequency and representational similarity analyses, we show that brain activity does not merely track the temporal structure of rhythmic inputs but, instead, produces categorical representation of rhythms. These neural rhythm categories arise automatically, independent of any motor- or timing-related tasks, yet exhibit strong similarity with categorization observed in overt behavior. Together, these results and methodological advances constitute a critical step toward understanding the biological roots and diversity of musical behaviors across cultures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesca M. Barbero and Tomas Lenc and Nori Jacoby and Rainer Polak and Manuel Varlet and Sylvie Nozaradan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9838}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu9838}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revealing rhythm categorization in human brain activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tracking bioturbation through time: The evolution of the marine sedimentary mixed and transition layers. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu7719. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The physical, biogeochemical, and ecological properties of the modern seafloor are extensively shaped by the activities of burrowing and sediment-mixing animals, processes collectively known as bioturbation. Bioturbation is primarily recorded by homogenized sediments of the seafloor mixed layer and the underlying transition layer of discrete burrows. Although these two zones can be readily measured today, there has been limited understanding of how the mixed and transition layers evolved over the Phanerozoic since animals first began to extensively colonize the seafloor. Here, we provide a record for the depths of the sedimentary mixed and transition layers through the Phanerozoic. We find that although deepening of the sediment mixed layer spanned hundreds of millions of years, a deep transition layer was established as early as the Cambrian and did not further deepen until the Mesozoic—trajectories reflecting evolutionary radiations, changes in nutrient cycling, and alleviation of oxygen stress.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lidya G. Tarhan and Kate H. Pippenger and Alison T. Cribb and Michelle Zill and William Phelps and Mary L. Droser and David J. Bottjer and Matthew E. Clapham}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7719}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu7719}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tracking bioturbation through time: The evolution of the marine sedimentary mixed and transition layers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low-dose metformin requires brain rap1 for its antidiabetic action. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu3700. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metformin is the most commonly prescribed antidiabetes drug, yet its precise mechanism of action remains controversial. Previous studies have suggested that metformin acts peripherally by reducing hepatic glucose output and altering gut functions. Here, we report a neural mechanism via the small guanosine triphosphatase Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1). Mice with forebrain-specific Rap1 knockout exhibited resistance to the antidiabetic effects of low-dose metformin while remaining sensitive to other antidiabetic agents. Centrally administered metformin inhibited brain Rap1 and reduced hyperglycemia. Conversely, forced activation of brain Rap1 increased glycemia and abolished the glycemic effect of metformin. Metformin activated a specific subset of neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) that requires Rap1. Both loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies suggest that VMH Rap1 is indispensable for the antidiabetic effects of metformin. These findings highlight the VMH Rap1 pathway as a critical mediator of metformin action.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hsiao-Yun Lin and Weisheng Lu and Yanlin He and Yukiko Fu and Kentaro Kaneko and Peimeng Huang and Ana B. De la Puente-Gomez and Chunmei Wang and Yongjie Yang and Feng Li and Yong Xu and Makoto Fukuda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3700}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu3700}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low-dose metformin requires brain rap1 for its antidiabetic action}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paleoseismic activity in the moon’s taurus-littrow valley inferred from boulder falls and landslides. SCIADV, 11(31), eadu3201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Taurus-Littrow valley offers a unique opportunity to analyze surface changes due to seismic activity on the lunar surface. Ground acceleration from moonquakes has triggered landslides and boulder falls in the valley. The formation and growth of the Lee-Lincoln thrust fault is a likely source of the moonquakes. Here, we estimate the ground acceleration and quake magnitude for four boulders and one landslide: all sampled by Apollo 17 astronauts. These features all have exposure ages that establish the approximate timing of the moonquakes. Our analysis suggests that the structural relief of the Lee-Lincoln fault scarp is the result of multiple coseismic slip events with a minimum body wave magnitude M w of ~2.9 to 3.3. The formation and growth of thousands of such globally distributed young thrust faults, through multiple coseismic events, suggest that the Moon has a history of widespread strong shallow moonquakes. Shallow moonquakes from likely active faults may pose a potential hazard to long-term outposts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas R. Watters and Nicholas C. Schmerr}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadu3201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paleoseismic activity in the moon’s taurus-littrow valley inferred from boulder falls and landslides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrasound matrix imaging for 3D transcranial in vivo localization microscopy. SCIADV, 11(31), eadt9778. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transcranial ultrasound imaging is usually limited by skull-induced attenuation and high-order aberrations. By using contrast agents such as microbubbles in combination with ultrafast imaging, not only can the signal-to-noise ratio be improved, but super-resolution images down to the micrometer scale of the brain vessels can also be obtained. However, ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) remains affected by wavefront distortions that limit the microbubble detection rate and hamper their localization. In this work, we show how ultrasound matrix imaging, which relies on the prior recording of the reflection matrix, can provide a solution to these fundamental issues. As an experimental proof of concept, an in vivo reconstruction of deep brain microvessels is performed on three anesthetized sheep. The compensation of wave distortions is shown to markedly enhance the contrast and resolution of ULM. This experimental study thus opens up promising perspectives for a transcranial and nonionizing observation of human cerebral microvascular pathologies, such as stroke.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Flavien Bureau and Louise Denis and Antoine Coudert and Mathias Fink and Olivier Couture and Alexandre Aubry}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9778}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadt9778}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrasound matrix imaging for 3D transcranial in vivo localization microscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revealing european-wide ecosystem strategies to drought from space. SCIADV, 11(31), eadt9251. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ecosystems are threatened by increasing droughts under climate change. A multitude of plant physiological regulation processes determine the overall drought resistance of ecosystems. So far, these physiological strategies to resist drought are poorly understood at large scales across different ecosystem types because the detection of these physiological regulation processes is mostly limited to in situ measurements on individual plants. In this study, by using high-resolution remote sensing data, we evaluated drought strategies of different ecosystem types throughout Europe by evaluating three key physiological regulation aspects (evapotranspiration, water content, and carbon regulation) based on their associated vegetation attributes. We found that different ecosystem types show divergent responses in these physiological attributes, suggesting different optimization strategies with respect to water saving versus spending, water content stabilizing versus fluctuating, and leaf conserving versus shedding strategies facing drought. These drought strategies from remote sensing provide timely ecosystem response information, facilitating earth system model predictions and aiding the protection against future droughts at large scales.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Chen and Joris Timmermans and Peter M. van Bodegom}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9251}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadt9251}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revealing european-wide ecosystem strategies to drought from space}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Better and faster decisions by larger fish shoals in the wild. SCIADV, 11(31), eadt8600. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Studies on collective cognition provide many examples of how the efficient spread of information within groups leads to benefits with increasing group size. However, little is known if groups also amplify maladaptive information such as false alarms and whether such costs reduce possible benefits. Here, we investigated wild fish shoals responding collectively with escape dives when attacked by birds. We analyzed the collective response in reaction to bird attacks and similar but harmless flybys as a function of shoal size. Larger shoals increasingly detected predator attacks (i.e., true positives), while their response facing harmless flybys (i.e., false alarms) remained constant. Furthermore, decision time decreased with increasing shoal size. Larger shoals were thus able to simultaneously overcome two major trade-offs inherent in solitary decision-making: the trade-off between true and false positives and the trade-off between speed and accuracy. Our findings set the stage for the next generation of studies investigating the mechanisms underlying collective decision-making.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Korbinian Pacher and David Bierbach and Yunus Sevinchan and Carla Vollmoeller and Alejandro Juarez-Lopez and Jesús Emmanuel Jiménez-Jiménez and Stefan Krause and Max Wolf and Pawel Romanczuk and Lenin Arias-Rodríguez and Jens Krause}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8600}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadt8600}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Better and faster decisions by larger fish shoals in the wild}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Machine learning-assisted exploration of multidrug-drug administration regimens for organoid arrays. SCIADV, 11(31), eadt1851. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Combination therapies enhance the therapeutic effect of cancer treatment; however, identifying effective interdependent doses, durations, and sequences of multidrug administration regimens is a time- and labor-intensive task. Here, we integrated machine learning, automation, and large microfluidic arrays of cancer spheroids or patient-derived organoids formed in a tissue-mimetic hydrogel to achieve notable acceleration of the discovery of effective multidrug administration regimens. For the clinically approved drug combination, we found a sequential administration regimen leading to a substantial reduction in the total drug dose, in comparison with concurrent drug supply, both at comparable drug efficacy. For the drugs that are currently under clinical development, we found a synergistic effect of concurrently administered drugs and showed that the synergy diminishes for the sequential drug supply. The developed strategy holds promise for the discovery of effective combination therapies for advanced cancer treatment, including personalized chemotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ilya Yakavets and Sina Kheiri and Jennifer Cruickshank and Riley J. Hickman and Faeze Rakhshani and Matteo Aldeghi and Ella M. Rajaonson and Edmond W.K. Young and Alán Aspuru-Guzik and David W. Cescon and Eugenia Kumacheva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1851}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadt1851}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Machine learning-assisted exploration of multidrug-drug administration regimens for organoid arrays}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). LARGE protein drives activity-induced homeostatic resetting. SCIADV, 11(31), eadt0703. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the brain, memory can be coded as relative differences in synaptic strength produced by Hebbian plasticity [e.g., long-term potentiation (LTP)]. However, changes in neuronal activity, including the saturation of synaptic strength by the positive-feedback nature of Hebbian plasticity, could deteriorate the encoded memory. Homeostatic plasticity is thought to contribute to the stability of the encoded memory by maintaining the relative differences in synaptic strength against persistent destabilizing changes in neuronal activity. However, it remains unclear how and when these two types of plasticity work together in the context of memory. Here, we have demonstrated that LARGE, a protein associated with intellectual disability, drives homeostatic resetting several hours after LTP by down-regulating AMPA-receptor trafficking via the Golgi apparatus. LARGE deficiency impairs long-term memory formation in mice. Our study reveals a potential molecular mechanism underlying the stability of memory mediated by cross-talk between Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Am Seo and Han-Byeol Kim and Chau Cat Tuong and Hong-Rae Kim and Fazliddin Dustov and Seung-Hyun Lee and Se-Young Choi and Myoung-Goo Kang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0703}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadt0703}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {LARGE protein drives activity-induced homeostatic resetting}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Indirect genetic effects among neighbors promote cooperation and accelerate adaptation in a small-scale human society. SCIADV, 11(31), eads3129. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Explaining the rapid evolution of human cooperation and its role in our species’ biodemographic success remains a major evolutionary puzzle. To address this challenge, we tested a social drive hypothesis, which predicts that social plasticity and social selection in human groups cause indirect genetic effects that accelerate the adaptation of fitness, promoting population growth via feedback between the environmental causes and evolutionary consequences of cooperation. Using Bayesian multilevel models to analyze fertility data from a small-scale society, we demonstrate that density- and frequency-dependent indirect genetic effects on fitness promote the evolution of cooperation among neighboring women, increasing the rate of contemporary adaptation by ~5×. Our results show how interactions between the genetic and socioecological processes shaping cooperation in reproduction can drive rapid growth and social evolution in human populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jordan S. Martin and Bret Beheim and Michael Gurven and Hillard Kaplan and Jonathan Stieglitz and Benjamin C. Trumble and Paul Hooper and Dan Cummings and Daniel Eid Rodriguez and Adrian V. Jaeggi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3129}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eads3129}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Indirect genetic effects among neighbors promote cooperation and accelerate adaptation in a small-scale human society}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Formation control between leader and migratory follower tissues allows coordinated growth. SCIADV, 11(31), eads2310. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coordinated growth of multiple tissues is fundamental to shaping our body, but the underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. In zebrafish embryos, midline tissues composed of the notochord, floorplate, and hypochord elongate synchronously with their lengths aligned. We show that floorplate and hypochord cells collectively migrate posteriorly along the nascent notochord extracellular matrix as it extends posteriorly, maintaining the tripartite configuration. Fibroblast growth factor-mediated migration in a spatially graded manner causes cell stretching, which triggers Yap-dependent proliferation and controls floorplate and hypochord growth. Supported by mathematical modeling, we further suggest that their growth is fine-tuned by mechanical tethering to the notochord via cadherin 2 at the posterior end. We propose that the notochord instructs and sustains the tripartite formation via leader-follower formation control, a strategy from engineering that spatially organizes multiple agents to coordinate the growth of the midline tissues.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Toru Kawanishi and Takamichi Sushida and Tony Y.-C. Tsai and Hiroyuki Takeda and Sean G. Megason}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2310}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eads2310}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Formation control between leader and migratory follower tissues allows coordinated growth}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Temperature extremes impact mortality and morbidity differently. SCIADV, 11(31), eadr3070. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increased temperature-related mortality is expected to significantly contribute to future economic damages from climate change, with declines in cold-related deaths outweighed by increases in heat-related deaths. While temperature-mortality relationships are well-documented, the effects of climate change on morbidity are less understood. Using data on emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions, mortality, and daily temperatures across California from 2006 to 2017, we find distinct differences in the temperature-response functions of these health outcomes, influenced by age distribution and underlying causes of morbidity and mortality. These differential responses fundamentally shape the burden of future climate change: We project that while future warming will increase ED visits, mortality will decrease due to fewer cold extremes. These results underscore the need to quantify temperature-morbidity responses to fully understand and anticipate the health impacts of climate change and suggest that local declines in mortality due to warming can mask economically meaningful increases in temperature-driven morbidity and health care utilization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Carlos F. Gould and Sam Heft-Neal and Alexandra K. Heaney and Eran Bendavid and Christopher W. Callahan and Mathew V. Kiang and Josh Graff Zivin and Marshall Burke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3070}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadr3070}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Temperature extremes impact mortality and morbidity differently}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate change drives shifts in straddling fish stocks in the world’s ocean. SCIADV, 11(31), eadq5976. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate-induced distribution changes are particularly challenging for fisheries targeting fish populations shared between exclusive economic zones (EEZs) and the high seas, known as straddling stocks. Here, we combine multiple datasets and ecosystem modeling to identify the presence of straddling stocks worldwide and consider the management implications of climate change–driven shifts. We identify 347 straddling stocks across 67 species, including both highly migratory and less mobile species. Our results suggest that regardless of the climate change scenario, at least 37% and 54% of stocks are projected to shift between EEZs and the high seas, by 2030 and 2050, respectively. More stocks are expected to shift toward the high seas, and highly migratory stocks are projected to shift across Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs). Coastal states and RFMOs require to revise governance frameworks to support sustainable and equitable adaptation to shifting stocks. Developing such strategies requires cooperation between management bodies within EEZs and the high seas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Juliano Palacios-Abrantes and Bianca S. Santos and Thomas L. Frölicher and Gabriel Reygondeau and U. Rashid Sumaila and Colette C. C. Wabnitz and William W. L. Cheung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5976}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadq5976}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate change drives shifts in straddling fish stocks in the world’s ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantifying effects of solar power adoption on CO2 emissions reduction. SCIADV, 11(31), eadq5660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We quantify the effect of solar power adoption in reducing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from the US electricity sector using 5 years of Energy Information Administration data, starting 1 July 2018. By tailoring a distributed lag statistical model, we estimate the immediate and time-lagged effects of increased solar generation on reducing CO 2 emissions within a region. Our analysis highlights how solar adoption in one region affects CO 2 emissions in neighboring regions, emphasizing the potential for collaborative efforts. We estimate that a 15% increase in solar generation is associated with an annual reduction of 8.54 million metric tons (MMT) of CO 2 emissions, contributing 12.38% toward the yearly target of 69 MMT CO 2 reductions needed to cut 1380 MMT of CO 2 in 20 years, as per the Environmental Protection Agency rule on fossil fuel power plants. This study offers insights for policymakers and stakeholders in achieving CO 2 reduction targets through increased solar generation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arpita Biswas and Minghao Qiu and Danielle Braun and Francesca Dominici and Daniel Mork}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadq5660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantifying effects of solar power adoption on CO2 emissions reduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A century of anthropogenic perturbations impact genomic signatures of the iconic migratory atlantic cod. SCIADV, 11(31), eadp3342. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anthropogenic stressors have led to marked ecosystem perturbations, including population declines and shifts in habitat range for key marine fish species. Understanding how these changes affect genome-wide characteristics, causing long-term evolutionary responses, is still in its infancy. Genome-wide retrospective assessment of the iconic migratory Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) from the Barents Sea, unraveled varying degree of admixture with the nonmigratory coastal ecotype throughout the 20th century, and intriguingly more intensified during recent decades. These genomic changes were supported by an increased number of individuals displaying the heterozygous state of the chromosomal inversion coupled to migratory behavior in Atlantic cod. Ecological models and genome-wide scans identified that some of the observed frequency shifts, coupled to neural development, metabolic, and growth regulation, covaried with intensified fisheries, reduced generation time, and ocean warming. Our results demonstrate how anthropogenic perturbations impact the dynamics between two well-known ecotypes of Atlantic cod and thus, their genomic signatures, with potential implications for future management programs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cecilia Helmerson and Joël M. Durant and Siv Nam Khang Hoff and Marine Servane Ono Brieuc and Paul Ragnar Berg and Per Erik Jorde and Marius Filomeno Maurstad and Ian Bradbury and Olav Sigurd Kjesbu and Jane Aanestad Godiksen and Nils Chr. Stenseth and Bastiaan Star and Kjetill S. Jakobsen and Sissel Jentoft}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3342}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {31}, pages = {eadp3342}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A century of anthropogenic perturbations impact genomic signatures of the iconic migratory atlantic cod}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Orally administrated liquid metal agents for inflammation-targeted alleviation of inflammatory bowel diseases” by m. liu et al.. SCIADV, 11(30), eaea4882. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of figs. S9 and S13 in the Research Article “Orally administrated liquid metal agents for inflammation-targeted alleviation of inflammatory bowel diseases” by M. Liu et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea4882}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eaea4882}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Orally administrated liquid metal agents for inflammation-targeted alleviation of inflammatory bowel diseases” by m. liu et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Biointerface mineralization generates ultraresistant gut microbes as oral biotherapeutics” by z. geng et al.. SCIADV, 11(30), eaea2393. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of fig. S9B in the Research Article “Biointerface mineralization generates ultraresistant gut microbes as oral biotherapeutics” by Z. Geng et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea2393}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eaea2393}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Biointerface mineralization generates ultraresistant gut microbes as oral biotherapeutics” by z. geng et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Gradient double-twisted bouligand structural design for high impact resistance over a wide range of loading velocities” by s.-m. wen et al.. SCIADV, 11(30), eaea0930. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “Gradient double-twisted Bouligand structural design for high impact resistance over a wide range of loading velocities” by S.-M. Wen et al., the scale bars in Fig. 2 (G and H) were labeled with the incorrect unit. Seven scale bars for Fig. 3 (D to H) were also labeled incorrectly due to figure layout errors. Last, one unit in a sentence in the Materials and Methods was incorrectly written and has been revised from “40 cm” to “40 mm.”}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea0930}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eaea0930}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Gradient double-twisted bouligand structural design for high impact resistance over a wide range of loading velocities” by s.-m. wen et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A duet: Seeing and hearing the brain in action. SCIADV, 11(30), eadz6780. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A hybrid photoacoustic-fluorescence microscope films oxygen-carrying blood and spike-firing neurons across the mouse cortex in real time, revealing the hidden duet of neurovascular coupling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Soon-Woo Cho and Junjie Yao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz6780}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadz6780}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A duet: Seeing and hearing the brain in action}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pulsed dipolar hyperfine spectroscopy for molecular distance measurements in the angstrom to nanometer scale. SCIADV, 11(30), eady5665. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hyperfine spectroscopy is a fundamental method in biophysical and material sciences to detect nuclear spins in vicinity of paramagnetic centers, leading to molecular structural information. Among variants of this experiment, only electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) has been established to detect nuclei at interspin distances up to about 1.7 nanometers using 19 F labels. This limit is dictated by the ENDOR linewidth of 10 to 30 kilohertz, which appeared insurmountable given dipolar broadening of the detected nucleus with the nuclear spin bath. Herein, we present ENDOR experiments based on nuclear sublevel coherence spectroscopy that push the boundaries of ENDOR sensitivity and resolution by one order of magnitude. In particular, we introduce an experiment, in which the electron-nuclear dipolar interaction can be exquisitely extracted from other nuclear broadening mechanisms, thus enabling to access distance distributions. This methodology paves the way for structural studies using 19 F ENDOR in biomolecular systems. Moreover, it offers opportunities to access spin dynamics in electron-nuclear coupled spin systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucca Sielaff and Annemarie Kehl and Anakin Aden and Andreas Meyer and Marina Bennati}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady5665}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eady5665}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pulsed dipolar hyperfine spectroscopy for molecular distance measurements in the angstrom to nanometer scale}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Para-(3-phenylpropiolamido)phenyl (PPAP) glycosides: Harnessing ipso-cyclization–driven glycosylation for strategic flexibility. SCIADV, 11(30), eady4274. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We herein report para -(3-phenylpropiolamido)phenyl (PPAP) glycosides as a novel class of glycosyl donors with distinct advantages for carbohydrate synthesis. These donors, featured by an intrinsically stable phenolic linkage, undergo glycosylation via a unique ipso -cyclization–mediated activation. Activated with N -iodosuccinimide (NIS)/trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf), PPAP donors support both O- and N-glycosylation across a broad range of substrates. Guided by density functional theory calculations, their design allows straightforward synthesis through a simple amide coupling reaction, facilitating diverse latent-active transformations and broadening their strategic utility. Furthermore, the distinct reactivity profile of PPAP donors—marked by a clear gap relative to other known donors and orthogonality to many standard activation methods—makes them well suited for modular, one-pot glycosylation strategies. Their ease of synthesis, robust performance in glycosylation, and compatibility with diverse assembly approaches collectively establish PPAP glycosides as powerful tools for the efficient construction of complex carbohydrates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meifang Yang and Yanli Qiu and Yan Tan and Li Song and Xi Xiang and Yitian Zhao and Xing Zheng and Xiangwei Zheng and Weiliang Gu and Guoqiang Lin and Houchao Tao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4274}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eady4274}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Para-(3-phenylpropiolamido)phenyl (PPAP) glycosides: Harnessing ipso-cyclization–driven glycosylation for strategic flexibility}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabotissugenic citrate biomaterials orchestrate bone regeneration via citrate-mediated signaling pathways. SCIADV, 11(30), eady2862. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bone regeneration requires coordinated anabolic and catabolic signaling, yet the interplay between mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways remains unclear. This study reveals that citrate, glutamine, and magnesium synergistically activate both pathways via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2)– and protein kinase B (Akt)–dependent signaling, bypassing the traditional adenosine monophosphate (AMP)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensing mechanism. This dual activation supports sustained energy metabolism during osteogenesis and challenges the canonical antagonism between mTORC1 and AMPK. We developed CitraBoneQMg, a citrate-based biomaterial incorporating these components via one-pot synthesis. CitraBoneQMg provides sustained release, photoluminescent and photoacoustic imaging capabilities, and tunable mechanical properties. In vitro, it promotes osteogenesis by enhancing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteogenic gene expression, and calcium deposition. In vivo, it accelerates bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model while promoting anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative responses. We define this integrated effect as “metabotissugenesis,” offering a metabolically optimized approach to orthopedic biomaterial design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Xu and Xinyu Tan and Ethan Gerhard and Hao Zhang and Rohitraj Ray and Yuqi Wang and Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli and Elias B. Rizk and April D. Armstrong and Su Yan and Jian Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady2862}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eady2862}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabotissugenic citrate biomaterials orchestrate bone regeneration via citrate-mediated signaling pathways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A superstrong, decarbonizing structural material enabled by microbe-assisted cell wall engineering via a biomechanochemical process. SCIADV, 11(30), eady0183. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lightweight and high-strength structural materials promise exceptional applications in advanced engineering fields. As a productive and sustainable material, wood exhibits exceptional potential to be converted into high-performance structural materials. Inspired by ancient buried wood—a naturally formed material after wood endures in microbial-rich and high-pressure environments for thousands of years—here, we demonstrate a biomechanochemical process to rapidly transform natural wood into artificial ancient buried wood (named Bio-Strong-Wood). Biotreatment depolymerizes the lignin and softens the cell wall. Then, Bio-Strong-Wood components are linked via a strong network of hydrogen and covalent bonds through the mechanochemical treatment. This results in a substantially enhanced mechanical strength (539 ± 21.7 megapascals), which outperforms the SAE 304 stainless steel. In addition, life cycle and technoeconomic assessments reveal that the obtained material achieves negative carbon emissions of 1.17 kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram. Overall, our work provides an economically competitive, environmentally sustainable, and decarbonizing alternative to existing structural materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziyang Lu and Luhe Qi and Junqing Chen and Cai Lu and Jing Huang and Lu Chen and Yuying Wu and Jiahao Feng and Jinyou Lin and Ze Liu and Erlantz Lizundia and Chaoji Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0183}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eady0183}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A superstrong, decarbonizing structural material enabled by microbe-assisted cell wall engineering via a biomechanochemical process}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The minimal chemotactic cell. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx9364. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The movement of cells and microorganisms in response to chemical gradients, chemotaxis, is fundamental to the evolution of myriad biological processes. In this work, we demonstrate that even the simplest cell-like structures are capable of chemotactic navigation. By encapsulating enzymes within lipid vesicles that incorporate a minimal number of membrane pores, we reveal that a solitary vesicle can actively propel itself toward an enzyme substrate gradient. Specifically, vesicles loaded with either glucose oxidase or urease and embedded with corresponding transmembrane proteins were tracked within a microfluidic device under a controlled substrate gradient. Our findings establish that a system comprising only an encapsulated enzyme and a single transmembrane pore is sufficient to initiate chemotaxis. This proof-of-concept model underscores the minimalistic yet powerful nature of cellular navigation mechanisms, providing a previously unknown perspective on the origins and evolution of chemotactic behavior in biological systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bárbara Borges-Fernandes and Azzurra Apriceno and Andres Arango-Restrepo and Safa Almadhi and Subhadip Ghosh and Joe Forth and Jorge Pedro López-Alonso and Iban Ubarretxena-Belandia and José Miguel Rubi and Lorena Ruiz-Pérez and Ian Williams and Giuseppe Battaglia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9364}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx9364}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The minimal chemotactic cell}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Correlation of metal anode reversibility with solvation chemistry and interfacial electron transfer in aqueous electrolytes. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx8413. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reversible electrodeposition of metals is a crucial route to developing high-energy and rechargeable batteries. However, uncontrolled and nonplanar morphological evolution and parasitic reactions at the metal anodes are fundamental barriers to realizing full reversibility. Here, using aqueous electrochemistry as a probe, we develop multiscale characterization tools that can precisely determine the root cause of these morphological instabilities and parasitic reactions. Our analysis indicates that these issues are fundamentally from the free water molecules in aqueous electrolytes, leading to low reversibility of metal anodes. We therefore demonstrate a straightforward and effective strategy, based on modulating the solute anions in aqueous electrolytes, to suppress free water molecule concentration in conventional aqueous electrolytes. A proof of concept is demonstrated using a Zn metal anode, which shows unprecedented reversibility and stability in conventional aqueous electrolytes with structure-making anions under a harsh condition of 10 milliampere hours per square centimeter. This work unlocks an alternative angle to develop sustainable electrolytes for cost-efficient, practical battery chemistries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunpei Zhu and Simil Thomas and Tairan Wang and Xianrong Guo and Yizhou Wang and Chen Liu and S. Mani Sarathy and Xixiang Zhang and Osman M. Bakr and Omar F. Mohammed and Husam N. Alshareef}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8413}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx8413}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Correlation of metal anode reversibility with solvation chemistry and interfacial electron transfer in aqueous electrolytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrahigh-resolution solid-state NMR for high–molecular weight proteins on GHz-class spectrometers. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx6016. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique with broad impact across the physical and life sciences, and ultrahigh field (UHF), gigahertz-class NMR spectrometers offer exceptional performance, including superior resolution and sensitivity. In solid-state NMR (SSNMR), resolution is primarily constrained by instrumentation rather than molecular tumbling, making it well suited for studying large and complex systems. To fully leverage UHF magnets for SSNMR, it is essential to eliminate line broadening arising from magnetic field drift and couplings among the nuclear spins. We address these challenges using external 2 H lock to compensate for the field drift and long-observation-window band-selective homonuclear decoupling to suppress 13 C homonuclear couplings. We achieve better than 0.2–parts per million resolution in proteins up to 144 kilodalton, enabling unique site resolution for more than 500 amide backbone pairs in two-dimensional experiments. This exceeds the resolution available from solution NMR for large biological molecules, greatly expanding the potential of gigahertz-class NMR for research in life sciences.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Songlin Wang and Thirupathi Ravula and John A. Stringer and Peter L. Gor’kov and Owen A. Warmuth and Christopher G. Williams and Alex F. Thome and Leonard J. Mueller and Chad M. Rienstra}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6016}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx6016}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrahigh-resolution solid-state NMR for high–molecular weight proteins on GHz-class spectrometers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In-body current path manipulation with minimal attenuation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx5922. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wireless power transfer–based neuromodulation has emerged as a promising alternative to battery-powered implants. However, its practical application is hindered by limited therapeutic efficacy resulting from low power transfer efficiency, shallow penetration depth, and safety concerns. In this study, we report an in-body current path manipulation and concentration for advanced targeted neuromodulation, overcoming the limitations of conventional technologies. By implanting a focusing electrode, we were able to direct the triboelectric current, which has a low frequency and high impedance generated by human movement, toward the target area, with the concentrated current exhibiting minimal attenuation regardless of the electrode size, implantation site, and depth. Applying our technology to modulate damaged neural systems confirmed therapeutic efficacy and validated safety, demonstrating its potential for next-generation targeted neuromodulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Donghyeon Kang and Byung-Joon Park and Joon-Ha Hwang and Young-Jun Kim and So-Hee Kim and Hyun Woo Kim and Ki Jun Yu and Jinyoung Jeon and Hyeon Yeong Lee and Youngwook Chung and Soo Hyun Nam and Byung-Ok Choi and Sang-Woo Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5922}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx5922}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In-body current path manipulation with minimal attenuation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling phase evolution of complex oxides toward precise solid-state synthesis. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx3927. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The precise synthesis of high-purity materials is crucial in accelerating materials discovery. However, the lack of theoretical understanding and practical guidance poses challenges, particularly for materials with compositional and structural complexity. Here, we propose a feasible principle toward synthesizing complex inorganic solids. This principle involves the introduction of an inducer that induces crucial intermediates, which in turn guide the synthesis pathway toward the target materials through structural templating, named inducer-facilitated assembly through structural templating (i-FAST). We validate this principle with three distinct oxides: garnet Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta 0.5 O 12 , perovskite BaCo 0.8 Sn 0.2 O 3 , and pyrochlore Gd 1.5 La 0.5 Zr 2 O 7 . This structural templating approach enables synthesis along predesigned pathways, forming intermediates that are thermodynamically favored for prior formation and kinetically preferred for the final product, resulting in precisely synthesizing high-purity target materials. This study not only represents a substantial advancement in comprehending the interplay between thermodynamics/kinetics and phase evolution in complex solid synthesis but also provides an effective strategy for guiding exploratory solid-state synthesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lin Yang and Zhewen Zhu and Yitian Feng and Daxian Zuo and Shi Huang and Yao Yang and Lihui Zhou and Stephen J. Harris and Lin Zeng and Yizhou Zhu and Jiayu Wan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3927}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx3927}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling phase evolution of complex oxides toward precise solid-state synthesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DAMPs cross-talk interpretation of MDD mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx3698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The incidence rate, disability rate, and suicide rate of major depressive disorder (MDD) are increasing year by year, but the mechanism has not yet been clarified. There are multiple hypotheses about the etiology of MDD, among which the cross-talk between the immune system and the nervous system breaks the boundaries between neurologic and psychiatric disorders and provides a breakthrough in the etiologic study of MDD. Combining the immunological “danger theory,” inflammation triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) produced by the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system may be the underlying cause of MDD; however, MDD has not yet been explored in depth from this perspective. This work reviewed the cross-talk of DAMPs between the CNS and the immune system, suggesting that stress-induced CNS inflammation is an important pathogenetic mechanism of MDD, and the cross-talk of DAMPs is a central factor, refining the hypothesis of the etiology of MDD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiyi Peng and Zhenni Chen and Yang Xu and Biqiong Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx3698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DAMPs cross-talk interpretation of MDD mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Starfish-inspired tube feet for temporary and switchable underwater adhesion and transportation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx3539. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Temporary and reversible underwater adhesion is important for a number of robotic applications, including picking up objects, facilitating locomotion in confined environments, and attaching to surfaces during periods of observation. Here, we present a starfish-inspired tube foot composed of a soft hydrogel mouth and a rigid stem, fabricated by integrating two serially bonded cylindrical components with distinct mechanical properties. Upon swelling, the initially straight hydrogel cylinder undergoes a selective shape transformation into a soft, cupped pad that deforms to stretch and spread upon contact, enabling effective adhesion to target surfaces. During detachment, a vacuum is formed within the tube, leading to strong underwater adhesion. The artificial tube feet show high adhesion hysteresis, autonomous release by external stimuli, and immediate detachment by pneumatic actuation with integrated system. The temporary underwater adhesive inspired by the tube feet of starfish enables functionality in underwater robotics and is demonstrated through underwater manipulation of rocks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyemin Lee and Yerin Ryu and Yejin Oh and Chorong Kim and Yoonjin Lee and Hyewon Choi and Jaekyoung Kim and Ji Hoon Kim and Jiwan Kang and Keun Park and Kevin T. Turner and Shu Yang and Hyunsik Yoon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3539}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx3539}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Starfish-inspired tube feet for temporary and switchable underwater adhesion and transportation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Parity-forbidden superatomic molecular orbital interaction and aurophilicity induced H─Au bonding in H@Au20. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx2053. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding H─Au interaction is essential for elucidating the stereochemistry and reactivity of gold hydrides. By embedding a hydrogen atom in the central tetrahedral cavity of Au 20 , we identify a distinct form of hydrogen-mediated bonding in a gold cluster. Our results show that the H─Au bonding can be described as a process wherein H─Au interactions compensate for relatively weaker Au─Au bonding driven by intrinsic aurophilic interactions. This phenomenon originates from parity-forbidden coupling of superatomic molecular orbitals under a noncentrosymmetric field, giving rise to the atypical H─Au bonding and a formally neutral interstitial H atom. A detailed analysis of optical properties reveals partial suppression of visible-light absorption and emergence of a more favorable phosphorescent channel, a manifestation of the complex nature of this H─Au bonding. These findings suggest a versatile platform for tuning electronic and optical properties of gold cluster systems through subtle atomic-level manipulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenxi Wan and Xinrui Yang and Zhen Gong and Rui Li and Yulei Shi and Boon K. Teo and Zhigang Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2053}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx2053}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Parity-forbidden superatomic molecular orbital interaction and aurophilicity induced H─Au bonding in H@Au20}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexible, nonfused sulfone functionalized polymer with enhanced active site access for photocatalytic sacrificial hydrogen evolution. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx1629. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The fused sulfone unit has been a key building block for hydrogen evolution photocatalysts for 9 years but still faces the challenge of a poor water/polymer interface due to its rigid structure. This work introduces nonfused, flexible sulfur segments (SSs) into the polymer’s backbone to enhance hydrophilicity and active site access. Unlike rigid, fused sulfone moieties, our flexible SS improves interfacial water contact and charge transport. P-2SO 2 , with sulfone-functionalized SS, represents a 237% improvement over the control polymer, PBDTTSO. In addition, P-2SO 2 demonstrated an outstanding hydrogen evolution rate of 1060.1 micromoles per hour and an apparent quantum yield of 32.4% (460 nanometers). Molecular dynamics simulations indicate SS improves hydrophilicity and water/polymer interface while promoting a hairpin-like conformation that increases intrachain π-π stacking for better charge hopping. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows sulfone-functionalized SS enhances electron transfer to platinum cocatalysts, increases active site density, and reduces exciton migration lengths through stronger polymer/platinum interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tse-Fu Huang and Kuei-Jhong Lin and Ying-Rang Zhuang and Yu-En Sun and Wei-Cheng Lin and Chun-Hao Li and Chien-Cheng Lin and En-Chi Chang and Chih-Li Chang and Yung-Ching Liu and Ling-Yu Hsu and Bing-Heng Li and Wan-Ling Chang and Pimjai Pimbaotham and Cheng-Yun Bai and Wei-Hsiang Huang and Dung Chau Kim Hoang and Khanh Do Gia Huynh and Yi-Chan Huang and Chao-Yan Chung and Mohamed M. Elsenety and Chia-An Chang and Hsin-Ni Huang and Siriporn Jungsuttiwong and Chih-Wen Pao and Hsin-Lung Chen and Tien-Lin Wu and Chia-Chih Chang and Bo-Han Chen and Shang-Da Yang and Kun-Han Lin and Ho-Hsiu Chou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1629}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx1629}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexible, nonfused sulfone functionalized polymer with enhanced active site access for photocatalytic sacrificial hydrogen evolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonchromatin regulatory functions of the histone variant H2A.B in SWI/SNF genomic deposition. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx1568. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The replacement of canonical histones with their variant forms enables the dynamic and context-dependent regulation of the mammalian genome. Histone variants also play key roles in various pathological processes including malignancies. Among these, the aberrant expression of the testis-specific histone variant H2A.B contributes to the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma. The multifunctionality of histone variants is regulated by their posttranslational modifications (PTMs). However, the PTMs of H2A.B and their functional implications are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the Amino terminus of H2A.B serves as a central hub for a diverse range of gene regulatory protein-protein interactions, orchestrated by phosphorylation and arginine methylation. This includes a mechanism whereby non–chromatin-bound H2A.B associates with SWI/SNF, which limits its access to the genome. Last, we identify phosphorylated H2A.B as a previously uncharacterized marker of active RNA polymerase II transcription start sites. These findings elucidate a central role for H2A.B in genome regulation and highlight the importance of its PTMs in modulating its multifunctional roles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuanzhao Jiang and Jiayu Wen and Mary L. Nelson and Yasmin Dijkwel and Bradley Cairns and Uta-Maria Bauer and Gene Hart-Smith and Tatiana A. Soboleva and David J. Tremethick}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1568}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx1568}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonchromatin regulatory functions of the histone variant H2A.B in SWI/SNF genomic deposition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). M6A-dependent RNA condensation underlies FUS autoregulation and can be harnessed for ALS therapy development. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx1357. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mutations in the FUS gene cause aggressive amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-FUS). Beyond mRNA, FUS generates partially processed transcripts retaining introns 6 and 7. We demonstrate that these FUSint6&7-RNA molecules form nuclear condensates, scaffolded by the highly structured intron 7 and associated with nuclear speckles. Using hybridization-proximity labeling proteomics, we show that the FUSint6&7-RNA condensates are enriched for splicing factors and the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader YTHDC1. These ribonucleoprotein structures facilitate posttranscriptional FUS splicing and depend on m6A/YTHDC1 for integrity. In cells expressing mutant FUS, FUSint6&7-RNAs become hypermethylated, which in turn stimulates their condensation and splicing. We further show that FUS protein is repelled by m6A. Thus, ALS-FUS mutations may cause abnormal activation of FUS posttranscriptional splicing through altered RNA methylation. Notably, ectopic expression of FUS intron 7 sequences dissolves endogenous FUSint6&7-RNA condensates, down-regulating FUS mRNA and protein. Our findings reveal a condensation-dependent mechanism regulating FUS splicing, with possible therapeutic implications for ALS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wan-Ping Huang and Vedanth Kumar and Karen Yap and Haiyan An and Sabin J. John and Rachel E. Hodgson and Anna Sanchez Avila and Emily Day and Brittany C. S. Ellis and Tek Hong Chung and Jenny Lord and Michaela Müller-McNicoll and Eugene V. Makeyev and Tatyana A. Shelkovnikova}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1357}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx1357}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {M6A-dependent RNA condensation underlies FUS autoregulation and can be harnessed for ALS therapy development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct approach to high-resolution, square-lattice alternating nanodot array by breaking hexagonal symmetry of block copolymer spheres. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx1235. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expanding the morphological spectrum of block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly remains a notable challenge in BCP-based bottom-up nanofabrication. We present a simple method to fabricate unconventional yet crucial structures of sphere-forming BCPs in thin films using solvent vapor. By precisely controlling solvent uptake, we transform the final lattice structure of spheres, modifying the thermodynamically stable lattice of BCPs. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that increased solvent uptake elongates the spheres, raising interfacial energy and causing sphere splitting. The additional layers generated from the sphere splitting present a nonconventional lattice, typically not observed in thin films. Using these structures, we fabricate bimetallic nanodot arrays, where two different metal components are positioned alternatingly. This array exhibits higher catalytic activities compared to the homometallic nanopatterns, with the ultralow mass of noble metals below 300 nanograms per square centimeter, highlighting their potential as electrochemical catalyst platforms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seong Eun Kim and Gabriella P. Irianti and Hyunwoo Kim and Vikram Thapar and Hyeongoo Kim and Jungki Ryu and Su-Mi Hur and So Youn Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1235}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx1235}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct approach to high-resolution, square-lattice alternating nanodot array by breaking hexagonal symmetry of block copolymer spheres}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unprecedented continental drying, shrinking freshwater availability, and increasing land contributions to sea level rise. SCIADV, 11(30), eadx0298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) are a critical indicator of freshwater availability. We use NASA GRACE/GRACE-FO data to show that the continents have undergone unprecedented TWS loss since 2002. Areas experiencing drying increased by twice the size of California annually, creating “mega-drying” regions across the Northern Hemisphere. While most of the world’s dry/wet areas continue to get drier/wetter, dry areas are now drying faster than wet areas are wetting. Changes in TWS are driven by high-latitude water losses, intense Central American/European droughts, and groundwater depletion, which accounts for 68% of TWS loss over non-glaciated continental regions. “Continental drying” is having profound global impacts. Since 2002, 75% of the population lives in 101 countries that have been losing freshwater water. Furthermore, the continents now contribute more freshwater to sea level rise than the ice sheets, and drying regions now contribute more than land glaciers and ice caps. Urgent action is required to prepare for the major impacts of results presented.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hrishikesh A. Chandanpurkar and James S. Famiglietti and Kaushik Gopalan and David N. Wiese and Yoshihide Wada and Kaoru Kakinuma and John T. Reager and Fan Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadx0298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unprecedented continental drying, shrinking freshwater availability, and increasing land contributions to sea level rise}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neurons derived from NeuroD1-expressing astrocytes transition through transit-amplifying intermediates but lack functional maturity. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw9296. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In vivo conversion of nonneuronal cells into neurons is a proposed strategy to replace neurons lost to CNS injury or disease. Glia-to-neuron trans-differentiation by viral vector–mediated GFAP mini-promoter–driven NeuroD1 remains hotly debated. Developing inducible, lineage-traceable transgenic mice, we find that astrocyte-to-neuron conversion is restricted to a specific time window within the lesion core of injured spinal cord and brain. Spatiotemporal lineage-mapping combined with single-cell transcriptomics reveals that ectopic NeuroD1 induces astrocyte-to-neuron conversion specifically in lesion cores via transit-amplifying OLIG2 + progenitors during early injury phase, but not in late phases or in nonreactive astrocytes. Neither a loss-of-function NeuroD1 mutant nor stemness-reprogramming factor SOX2 induces astrocyte-to-neuron conversion. However, contrary to previous reports, the neuronal-like cells generated by NeuroD1 lack mature neuroelectrical properties, limiting their functional integration into neural circuits. Together, our findings establish a spatiotemporal framework for NeuroD1-driven glia-to-neuron conversion, revealing a mechanistic shift from direct astrocyte conversion toward transit-amplifying intermediates and highlighting the functional immaturity of NeuroD1-converted neurons.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fangbing Chen and Xi Liu and Xiaowen Zhong and Xiaoqing Chen and Eva Nicholson and Kaiyi Liu and Huiyao Chen and Yifeng Lin and Yousheng Shu and Wenhao Zhou and Carol J. Schuurmans and Q. Richard Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9296}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw9296}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neurons derived from NeuroD1-expressing astrocytes transition through transit-amplifying intermediates but lack functional maturity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Full complex amplitude control of second-harmonic generation via electrically tunable intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw8852. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonlinear intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces based on coupling of the intersubband nonlinear optical response of quantum-engineered semiconductor heterostructures and electromagnetic modes of nanoresonators provide efficient frequency mixing with moderate pump intensities. The resonant nonlinear optical response, represented as a complex function, can be modulated via Stark tuning of intersubband transition energies under applied voltages. However, achieving full complex amplitude control (both phase and magnitude) remains challenging. In this work, we present and experimentally validate electrically tunable nonlinear intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces that achieve complete complex amplitude control for second-harmonic generation (SHG). Through a design featuring two in-plane flipped meta-atoms per unit cell, we achieve complete electrical control of both the amplitude and phase of the metasurface second-order nonlinear susceptibility, with a tuning range of 0 to 30 nm V −1 for the magnitude and 0-2π for the phase of the nonlinear optical response. Using these properties, we achieve complete on-off SHG modulation and beam diffraction tuning through electrically controlled amplitude and phase gratings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaeyeon Yu and Jaesung Kim and Hyeongju Chung and Jeongwoo Son and Gerhard Boehm and Mikhail A. Belkin and Jongwon Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8852}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw8852}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Full complex amplitude control of second-harmonic generation via electrically tunable intersubband polaritonic metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrically controlled heat transport in graphite films via reversible ionic liquid intercalation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw8588. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The ability to control heat transport with electrical signals has been an outstanding challenge due to the lack of efficient electrothermal materials. Previous attempts have mainly concentrated on low–thermal conductivity materials and encountered various problems such as narrow dynamic range and modest on/off ratios. Here, using high–thermal conductivity graphite films, we demonstrate an electrothermal switch enabling electrically tunable heat flow at the device level. The device uses reversible electro-intercalation of ions to modulate the in-plane thermal conductivity of graphite film by more than 13-fold via tunable phonon scattering, enabling observable modulation of the thermal conductivity at the device level. We anticipate that our results could provide a realistic pathway for adaptive thermal transport, enabling electrically driven thermal devices that would find a broad spectrum of applications in aerospace and microelectronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pietro Steiner and Saqeeb Adnan and M. Said Ergoktas and Julien Barrier and Xiaoxiao Yu and Vicente Orts and Gokhan Bakan and Jonathan Aze and Yury Malevich and Kaiyuan Wang and Pietro Cataldi and Mark Bissett and Sinan Balci and Sefik Suzer and Marat Khafizov and Coskun Kocabas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8588}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw8588}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrically controlled heat transport in graphite films via reversible ionic liquid intercalation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A general leaving group assisted strategy for synthesis of pentafluorosulfanyl allylic compounds. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw8408. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluorine-containing allyl compounds are prevalent in drugs and bioactive molecules. Here, we report a straightforward and efficient radical pentafluorosulfanylation of allyl sulfones using sulfur chloride pentafluoride (SF 5 Cl) to synthesize structurally diverse pentafluorosulfanyl allylic compounds. This transformation exhibits excellent functional group tolerance and achieves an impressive isolated yield of up to 98% in just 1 minute under ultraviolet light. Mechanistic studies suggest that the sulfonyl group acts as a free radical leaving group, with the capability of abstracting the chlorine atom from SF 5 Cl. This radical chain propagation pathway facilitates the rapid regeneration of the sulfur pentafluoride radical, resulting in a notably high quantum yield. Moreover, this light-driven radical pentafluorosulfanylation simplifies the synthetic pathway to modify complex and bioactive molecules. In addition, the drug-modified pentafluorosulfanyl compounds exhibited promising effects in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this protocol provides a practical synthetic route to radical pentafluorosulfanylation, highlighting its potential in drug discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui-Yi Yang and Hai-Bao Du and Yong-Ping Bai and Ya-Hui Ding and Yi-Fan Ma and Gang Wu and Ning Zhang and Nathaniel K. Szymczak and Shuo Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8408}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw8408}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A general leaving group assisted strategy for synthesis of pentafluorosulfanyl allylic compounds}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Construction of a whole-brain panorama for glioma vasculature reveals tumor heterogeneity and blood-brain barrier disruption. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw8330. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vasculature-induced tumor tissue heterogeneity impedes predicable drug distribution and presents notable challenges for optimizing nanoparticle (NP)–based drug delivery. However, mesoscopic-scale tumor heterogeneity across entire brain remains poorly characterized. To address this, we integrated micro-optical sectioning tomography (MOST) with high-precision three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction analysis to map pathological features of orthotopic glioma at submicron resolution across whole mice brain. Our findings uncovered significant heterogeneity in glioma invasiveness, vasculature, and compensatory angiogenesis while precisely delineating NP distribution throughout the tumor. Notably, early-stage glioma co-opted and migrated 680-micrometer upstream along the main cerebral artery within 4 days after glioma implantation. Blood-brain barrier permeability gradually increased during glioma progression, enabling NP penetrated via large-diameter vessels instead being restricted to capillaries. This work establishes a multiscale, high-resolution, 3D atlas of glioma heterogeneity and NP distribution, and bridges mesoscopic structural complexity to functional drug delivery barriers, advancing strategies to enhance oncotherapy precision in heterogeneous brain tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenxi Huang and Xiaohong Xin and Xiaoxu Hao and Shilin Zhou and Zongneng Xie and Lijuan He and Xiaoliang Li and Yu Zhang and Hongyu Sun and Jiwen Zhang and Xiaochuan Zhang and Xianzhen Yin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8330}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw8330}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Construction of a whole-brain panorama for glioma vasculature reveals tumor heterogeneity and blood-brain barrier disruption}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Assessing the risk of diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential in a changing world. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw6363. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {How do human activities contribute to the emergence of zoonotic diseases that can lead to epidemics and pandemics? Our analysis of common drivers of the World Health Organization’s priority diseases suggests that climate conditions, including higher temperatures, higher annual precipitation levels, and water deficits, elevate the risk of disease outbreaks. In addition, land-use changes, human encroachment on forested areas, increased population and livestock density, and biodiversity loss contribute to this risk, with biodiversity loss showing a complex and nonlinear relationship. This study also presents a global risk map and an epidemic risk index that combines countries’ specific risk with their capacities for preparing and responding to zoonotic threats.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Angela Fanelli and Alessandro Cescatti and Juan-Carlos Ciscar and Gregoire Dubois and Dolores Ibarreta and Rachel Lowe and Nicola Riccetti and Marine Robuchon and Ilaria Capua and Wojtek Szewczyk and Emanuele Massaro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6363}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw6363}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Assessing the risk of diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential in a changing world}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hidden white and black feather layers enhance plumage coloration in tanagers and other songbirds. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw5857. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Birds are renowned for their diverse and colorful plumage. Here, we demonstrate that vibrant plumage in the tanager genus Tangara is substantially intensified by a “hidden” layer of achromatic (white or black) plumage concealed beneath the outermost colorful layer. Using hyperspectral imaging, multispectral photography, microspectrophotometry, reflectance spectrophotometry, and optical modeling, we show that hidden white and black feather layers are systematically distributed on the body to enhance the brightness and saturation of carotenoid-pigmented and structurally colored plumage, respectively, by increasing or decreasing the amount of backscattered light that interacts with pigments or nanostructures. We compare male and female coloration and show that sexual dichromatism in some Tangara carotenoid plumage stems primarily from white layers in males and black layers in females rather than from differences in carotenoid pigmentation. Last, we find that white and black hidden feather layers are widespread in colorful passerines. Hidden feather layers likely play a previously overlooked but critical role in colorful plumage evolution in birds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rosalyn M. Price-Waldman and Jarome R. Ali and Allison J. Shultz and Benedict G. Hogan and Mary Caswell Stoddard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5857}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw5857}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hidden white and black feather layers enhance plumage coloration in tanagers and other songbirds}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Photoacoustic and fluorescence hybrid microscope for cortex-wide imaging of neurovascular dynamics with subcellular resolution. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw5275. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Simultaneously monitoring cortex-wide microvascular dynamics, blood oxygenation metabolism, and neuronal activities with high spatiotemporal resolution is essential for understanding neurovascular coupling (NVC). However, it remains a challenge for existing neuroimaging tools. Here, we report a linear transducer array–based hybrid microscope (LiTA-HM) that integrates photoacoustic microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy to achieve simultaneous neurovascular imaging with a field of view (FOV) of 6 millimeters by 5 millimeters, a spatial resolution of ~6 micrometers, and a temporal resolution of 0.8 seconds. We design an array of eight miniature transducers to enlarge FOV and optimize a polygon mirror–based ultrafast scanner to achieve real-time imaging. Proof-of-concept imaging experiments were conducted on awake mice. Different couplings between thousands of neuron somas and vessel branches down to capillaries were observed in hypoxia and anesthesia experiments. Spatiotemporal correlations and functional connectivity in NVC were uncovered for spreading depolarization waves occurred in a drug-induced epilepsy experiment. We expect that LiTA-HM will enable broad applications of neuroimaging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liangjian Liu and Zhiqiang Xu and Zhenjie Lai and Bin Xu and Taofeng Wu and Guangying Ma and Hongdong Zhang and Jiahao Li and Weilei Ma and Tiancheng Lei and Xiufeng Li and Zeyi Guo and Zheng Song and Ningbo Chen and Shiwei Ye and Jing Meng and Puxiang Lai and Feng Shen and Junlei Chang and Yingjie Zhu and Hairong Zheng and Wei Zheng and Chengbo Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5275}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw5275}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Photoacoustic and fluorescence hybrid microscope for cortex-wide imaging of neurovascular dynamics with subcellular resolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Two-dimensional buffer breaks substrate limit in III-nitrides epitaxy. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw5005. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expanding the diversity of substrate materials for the growth of single-crystalline films enables the heterointegration of electronic and optoelectronic devices in modern semiconductor industry. However, the substrate materials are restricted to those having matched single-crystalline lattices with the epilayers, thereby making the use of non-single-crystalline substrates infeasible. Here, we report an epitaxy strategy for the wafer-scale growth of high-quality single-crystalline gallium nitride (GaN) on an amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) substrate. We achieve this result through a chemical bond transition, converting multilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) to molybdenum nitride (MoN), which serves as a buffer layer to engineer a preferred orientation for the epitaxy of the overlying GaN film. Using this method, we also demonstrate the growth of an AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure with high electron mobility exceeding 2000 square centimeters per volt per second. The resultant high-electron-mobility transistors exhibit subthreshold swing, on/off ratio, and threshold voltage comparable to those commercial devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yimeng Sang and Xiangming Xu and Ying Wu and Guanqun Feng and Xu Zhang and Fulin Zhuo and Zhengxian Jin and Hui Guo and Tao Tao and Sun’an Ding and Xuefeng Wang and Dunjun Chen and Kazuhiro Ohkawa and Kun Xing and Xinran Wang and Zhe Zhuang and Rong Zhang and Husam N. Alshareef and Bin Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5005}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw5005}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Two-dimensional buffer breaks substrate limit in III-nitrides epitaxy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hippo signaling regulates the nuclear behavior and DNA binding times of YAP and TEAD to control transcription. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw4974. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Over the past two decades, genetic and proteomic screens have identified the Hippo pathway as a complex signaling network that controls tissue growth and human cancer. Despite these advances, our understanding of how Hippo signaling regulates transcription is less clear. To address this, we used live microscopy to study the nuclear behavior of the major Hippo pathway transcription effectors, YAP and TEADs. We reveal that TEADs are a major determinant of YAP DNA binding and nuclear mobility, while YAP minorly influences TEADs. YAP and TEAD1 associate with DNA for longer periods in cells with intrinsically low Hippo pathway activity and upon acute Hippo pathway perturbation. TEAD1 binds the genome on a broad range of timescales, and this is extended substantially in nuclear condensates. Last, a cancer-associated YAP fusion protein exhibits substantially different biophysical behavior than either YAP or TEAD1. Thus, we reveal that Hippo signaling regulates transcription, in part, by influencing the DNA binding times of YAP and TEADs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Benjamin Kroeger and Samuel A. Manning and Varshini Mohan and Jieqiong Lou and Guizhi Sun and Sara Lamont and Alex J. McCann and Mathias Francois and Jose M. Polo and Elizabeth Hinde and Kieran F. Harvey}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4974}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw4974}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hippo signaling regulates the nuclear behavior and DNA binding times of YAP and TEAD to control transcription}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PELP1 coordinates the modular assembly and enzymatic activity of the rixosome complex. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw4603. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rixosome is a large multisubunit complex that initiates RNA decay during critical nuclear transactions including ribosome assembly and heterochromatin maintenance. The overall architecture of the complex remains undefined because several subunits contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Here, we combined structural and functional approaches to establish PELP1 as the central scaffold of the rixosome upon which the enzymatic subunits modularly assemble. The C-terminal half of PELP1 is composed of a proline-rich IDR that mediates association with the AAA-ATPase MDN1, histones, and the SUMO-specific protease SENP3. The PELP1 IDR contains a glutamic acid–rich region that we establish can chaperone the histone octamer in vitro. Last, the x-ray structure of a small linear motif (SLiM) from the PELP IDR bound to SENP3 reveals how PELP1 allosterically activates SUMO protease activity. This work provides an integrated structural model for understanding the rixosome’s dynamic architecture and how it modularly coordinates several cellular functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob Gordon and Andrea M. Kaminski and Saisamhita R. Bommu and Aleksandra Skrajna and Robert M. Petrovich and Lars C. Pedersen and Robert K. McGinty and Alan J. Warren and Robin E. Stanley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4603}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw4603}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PELP1 coordinates the modular assembly and enzymatic activity of the rixosome complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The secreted protein PCYOX1L controls the surface expression of acid-sensing ion channel 1a. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw4064. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The modulation of neurotransmitter receptor density is an important molecular mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), a receptor for protons, plays an important role in synaptic transmission. In this study, we used high-resolution proteomic analysis to identify prenylcysteine oxidase 1 like (PCYOX1L) as a hitherto unknown interaction partner of ASIC1a. We found that PCYOX1L is a secreted protein that promotes ASIC1a assembly. PCYOX1L was indispensable for ASIC1a expression in the plasma membrane and synaptosomes, and the genetic deletion of PCYOX1L severely impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation. Endocytosed PCYOX1L promoted plasma membrane expression of ASIC1a, and PCYOX1L secreted from astrocytes induced ASIC1a activity in neurons. Our findings reveal that a secreted protein, PCYOX1L, is a checkpoint for the plasma membrane expression of a synaptic ion channel.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sven Kuspiel and Maria Schilling and Felicitas Weiß and Alison Wiesehahn and Lea Strüver and Günther Schmalzing and Dominik Wiemuth and Stefan Gründer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4064}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw4064}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The secreted protein PCYOX1L controls the surface expression of acid-sensing ion channel 1a}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep homology of a brachyury cis-regulatory syntax and the evolutionary origin of the notochord. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw3307. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expression of brachyury in the notochord is regarded as a chordate novelty and links to the origin of the notochord, yet the evolution of this regulatory control remains unclear. Here, we uncovered a regulatory syntax (named SFZE) consisting of binding sites for four transcription factors in notochord enhancers of chordate brachyury genes. SFZE was also identified in potential brachyury enhancers in various non-chordate animals and even in Capsaspora , a unicellular relative to animals. These non-chordate SFZE-containing enhancers exhibited activity in the zebrafish notochord. Furthermore, the SFZE syntax in a non-chordate confers endoderm activity. Our results indicate the ancient association of SFZE with brachyury , likely predating the origin of animals. The emergence of notochordal brachyury expression could be attributed to co-option of upstream signals acting on the conserved SFZE syntax, which facilitates the origin of the notochord from rudimentary endodermal cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tzu-Pei Fan and Jun-Ru Lee and Che-Yi Lin and Yi-Chih Chen and Ann E. Cutting and R. Andrew Cameron and Jr-Kai Yu and Yi-Hsien Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3307}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw3307}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep homology of a brachyury cis-regulatory syntax and the evolutionary origin of the notochord}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting tumor-associated CCR2+ macrophages to inhibit pancreatic cancer recurrence following irreversible electroporation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw2937. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with pronounced resistance to conventional therapies. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising therapy for PDAC; however, its clinical efficacy is limited by a high recurrence rate. Here, using a preclinical PDAC model, we characterized the tumor immune microenvironment following insufficient IRE (iIRE) through single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that iIRE induces a CCR2 + tumor-associated macrophage (CCR2 + TAM)–mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment in residual tumors. Consequently, we developed a macrophage-based proteolipid vesicle (mPLV) coencapsulating the CCR2 antagonist PF-4136309 (PF) and gemcitabine (GEM), named PF/GEM@mPLV. Our findings suggest that PF/GEM@mPLV achieves high drug accumulation within tumors through iIRE-induced inflammation. Reduction of CCR2 + TAMs enhances antitumor immunity and improves chemotherapeutic response. PF/GEM@mPLV markedly inhibits tumor recurrence following iIRE, diminishes hepatic metastases, and prolongs survival in preclinical PDAC models. These findings uncover the role of CCR2 + TAMs in iIRE-induced immunosuppression, offering a promising strategy to enhance the clinical potential of IRE in PDAC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weichen Xu and Shaoyue Li and Xuexia Shan and Qiao Wang and Xinhua Chen and Shengbo Wu and Yincheng Gao and Dandan Shan and Shisi Ding and Weiwei Ren and Xiaodong Hou and Shuo Liu and Taixia Wang and Yuting Shen and Zhiyuan Niu and Huixiong Xu and Liping Sun and Wenwen Yue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2937}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw2937}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting tumor-associated CCR2+ macrophages to inhibit pancreatic cancer recurrence following irreversible electroporation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Improving real-time ultrasound spine imaging with a large-aperture array. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw2601. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ultrasound offers a safe, low-cost alternative to computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging for spinal diagnostics and intervention by enabling real-time imaging. However, the complex structure of the spine and acoustic shadowing from bones present challenges for ultrasonography. This study addresses these limitations using an 8.8-centimeter 384-element large-aperture array and full aperture-based imaging protocols. Volumetric scanning across multiple vertebrae was accomplished in 5 seconds using ultrafast, diverging wave acquisition. In seven healthy volunteers, the large-aperture array and diverging wave transmission improved resolution, contrast, and visualization of the spinal canal, venous plexuses, and facet joints compared with conventional probes. A comparison between the coregistered CT and ultrasound scan confirmed the imaging accuracy. A simulated lumbar puncture demonstrated needle tip visualization throughout the trajectory into the spinal canal. The results suggest that large-aperture arrays, coupled with diverging wave imaging sequences, are a valuable tool for spine imaging and image-guided intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ning Lu and Josquin Foiret and Yutong Guo and Byung Chul Yoon and Katherine W. Ferrara}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2601}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw2601}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Improving real-time ultrasound spine imaging with a large-aperture array}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plant defense-directed discovery of a natural anti-psoriasis agent targeting GAPDH. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw2578. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elucidating the ecological functions of natural products in plant adaptive mechanisms is an emerging means of discovering lead compounds. Here, we show an undescribed plant glandular trichome-specific defense sesterterpenoid, leucosceptrine F (leu-F), exhibiting potent anti-inflammatory activity by modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Leu-F irreversibly binds to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a cross-kingdom glycolytic enzyme and a promising therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. Crystal structure of the GAPDH–leu-F complex reveals the formation of a covalent bond between leu-F and the Cys 152 residue. Leu-F notably attenuated glycolysis and concurrently diminished GAPDH-mediated stabilization of activated protein kinase B (AKT). Both leu-F and the total sesterterpenoid extract of Leucosceptrum canum demonstrated notable therapeutic efficacy and safety in mouse models of psoriasis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This study underscores leu-F as a promising lead compound for autoimmune disease treatment and provides a compelling example of drug discovery inspired by chemical ecology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ting-Ting Zhou and Yu Zheng and Man-Wen Zhang and Li-Hu Gong and Kai Guo and Xiao-Ping He and Yan-Chun Liu and Jonathan Gershenzon and Yan Liu and Sheng-Hong Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2578}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw2578}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plant defense-directed discovery of a natural anti-psoriasis agent targeting GAPDH}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-performance reversible adhesive from PET waste for underwater, structural, and pressure-sensitive applications. SCIADV, 11(30), eadw1288. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing versatile, tough, and sustainable adhesives that function effectively in both wet and dry environments is a major challenge. Here, we report a bioinspired design for versatile, tough, and reversible adhesives upcycled from consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste. Our approach uses solvent-free, room-temperature dynamic cross-linking of deconstructed PET macromonomers with a diacetoacetate cross-linker, generating a dynamic, vinylogous urethane–bonded, amphiphilic adhesive. Tunable cross-linker concentration and amphiphilicity yield versatile adhesives suitable for underwater, structural, and pressure-sensitive applications on diverse substrates. Our adhesive exhibits high lap-shear strength and work of debonding under both wet and dry conditions, outperforming common commercial adhesives. The dynamic bonds enable thermal repair, on-demand multicycle debonding/rebonding, facile removal, and chemical recycling. Our strategy of transforming plastic waste into versatile, tough, and reversible adhesives offers a sustainable solution for both plastic waste management and next-generation adhesive design while also providing a commercially viable pathway for valorizing plastic waste.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mary K. Danielson and Bobby G. Sumpter and Zoriana Demchuk and Catalin Gainaru and Chuyi Pan and Tomonori Saito and Md Anisur Rahman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1288}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadw1288}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-performance reversible adhesive from PET waste for underwater, structural, and pressure-sensitive applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Understanding the success and failure of online political debate: Experimental evidence using large language models. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv7864. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Online political debate is frequently lamented for being toxic, partisan, and counterproductive. However, we know little about how core elements of political debate (justification, tone, willingness to compromise, and partisanship) affect its quality. Using text-based treatments experimentally manipulated with a large language model, we test how these elements causally affect the quality of open-text responses about issues important to the US and UK public. We find substantial evidence that differences in justification, tone, and willingness to compromise, but not partisanship, affect the quality of subsequent discourse. Combined, these elements increase the probability of high-quality responses by roughly 1.6 to 2 times and substantially increase openness to alternative viewpoints. Despite the ability to bring about substantial changes in discourse quality, we find no evidence of changes in political attitudes themselves. Our findings demonstrate how adapting approaches to online debate can foster healthy democratic interactions but have less influence on changing minds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tobias Heide-Jørgensen and Gregory Eady and Anne Rasmussen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7864}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv7864}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Understanding the success and failure of online political debate: Experimental evidence using large language models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineering hybrid nanoparticles for targeted codelivery of triptolide and CYP3A4-siRNA against pulmonary metastatic melanoma. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv6990. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pulmonary metastatic melanoma (PMM) is an aggressive malignancy with limited response and rapid resistance to clinical chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and biological therapies. Here, we developed a targeted biomimetic drug delivery system, TP-siRC@tHyNPs, by fusing exosomes derived from engineered cells overexpressing DR5 single-chain variable fragments (DR5-Exo) with liposomes coencapsulating triptolide (TP) and CYP3A4-siRNA (TP-siRC@Lip). DR5-Exo facilitated the targeted delivery of drug to tumor cells through DR5 receptor recognition and simultaneously activated apoptotic pathways. Moreover, CYP3A4-siRNA effectively prolonged the half-life of TP, thereby enhancing its antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. Mechanistic studies revealed that TP-siRC@tHyNPs induced immunogenic cell death, reprogrammed macrophage polarization, arrested cell cycle progression, and triggered apoptotic pathways. In vivo experiments demonstrated that TP-siRC@tHyNPs specifically accumulated in lung tissue, notably inhibiting the growth of PMM while exhibiting negligible toxicity in tumor-bearing mice. Overall, this study provides a promising strategy for targeting PMM treatment, improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing off-target toxicity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongwei Gu and Aixue Li and Yuanye Zeng and Mengyuan He and Fu Qi and Rongmei Liu and Huanhuan Cai and Dan Li and Xiaomeng Tang and Zhiqin Fu and Xin Wu and Jiyong Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6990}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv6990}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineering hybrid nanoparticles for targeted codelivery of triptolide and CYP3A4-siRNA against pulmonary metastatic melanoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuromorphic ionic computing in droplet interface synapses. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv6603. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ionic devices with memory capabilities can emulate neural functionality, enabling neuromorphic computing and biomedical applications. In this study, we report an ionic spiking synapse based on aqueous droplet interface bilayer assembly. Under stepwise triangular voltages, the device displays coupled memcapacitive-memristive behavior, showing noncrossing pinched hysteretic I - V loops. This hysteretic ion dynamics can be regulated by modifying bilayer components, reconstituting protein channels, or adjusting droplet assembly configuration. Droplet interface synapses (DIS) exhibit fundamental neuromorphic behaviors such as paired-pulse facilitation/depression, spike rate–dependent plasticity, Hebbian learning, and short-term associative learning under classical conditioning. We also used reservoir computing with DIS to implement two learning algorithms: a classification algorithm that recognizes handwritten digits and a reinforcement learning algorithm that learns to play a board game of tic-tac-toe.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhongwu Li and Sydney K. Myers and Jingyi Xiao and Yuhao Li and Natasha Noy and Anton Leuski and Aleksandr Noy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6603}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv6603}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuromorphic ionic computing in droplet interface synapses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evolutionary escalation in an exceptionally preserved cambrian biota from the grand canyon (Arizona, USA). SCIADV, 11(30), eadv6383. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exceptionally preserved fossil assemblages, or Konservat-Lagerstätten, open direct windows on non-biomineralized faunas that chronicle the Cambrian radiation of animal phyla. However, these assemblages do not typically capture the well-oxygenated, resource-rich environments sustaining most metazoan diversity in modern marine systems. We describe exceptionally preserved and articulated carbonaceous mesofossils from the middle Cambrian (~507 to 502 million years) Bright Angel Formation of the Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA). This biota preserves probable algal and cyanobacterial photosynthesizers together with a range of functionally sophisticated metazoan consumers: suspension-feeding crustaceans, substrate-scraping molluscs, and morphologically exotic priapulids with complex filament-bearing teeth, convergent on modern microphagous forms. The Grand Canyon’s extensive ichnofossil and sedimentological records show that these phylogenetically and functionally derived taxa occupied highly habitable shallow-marine environments, sustaining higher levels of benthic activity than broadly coeval macrofossil Konservat-Lagerstätten. These data suggest that evolutionary escalation in resource-rich Cambrian shelf settings was an important driver of the assembly of later Phanerozoic ecologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giovanni Mussini and James W. Hagadorn and Anne E. Miller and Karl E. Karlstrom and Rhydian Evans and Carol E. Dehler and Salvador Bastien and Nicholas J. Butterfield}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6383}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv6383}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evolutionary escalation in an exceptionally preserved cambrian biota from the grand canyon (Arizona, USA)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetically engineered chondrocyte-mimetic nanoplatform attenuates osteoarthritis by blocking IL-1β and restoring sirtuin-3. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv4238. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage degeneration, with no disease-modifying drugs available. The vicious cycle between the inflammatory microenvironment (inflamed soil) and dysfunctional chondrocytes (degeneration-related seeds) drives the chronic progressive deterioration of OA. Here, we report a genetically engineered chondrocyte-mimetic nanoplatform (termed HKL-GECM@MPNPs) comprising a honokiol (HKL)–loaded mitochondrion-targeting nanoparticle core coated with an interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL-1R2)–overexpressing chondrocyte membrane. HKL-GECM@MPNPs fuse with OA chondrocytes, transferring IL-1R2 onto the plasma membrane and reprogramming the inflamed microenvironment through IL-1β blockade. Mitochondrion-targeting cores then directly deliver HKL to restore mitochondrial sirtuin-3 in OA chondrocytes, reprogramming the cells’ pathological phenotype. Intra-articular injection of HKL-GECM@MPNPs in OA mice reduces inflammation, alleviates joint pain, and mitigates cartilage damage through a synergistic effect. Moreover, HKL-GECM@MPNPs effectively reverse cartilage degeneration in human OA cartilage explants. This approach highlights the potential of HKL-GECM@MPNPs to combine IL-1β blockade and mitochondrial sirtuin-3 restoration as a promising strategy for OA treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Caifeng Deng and Liukang Yu and Xuan Zhao and Yuxiao Chen and Jiabin Mei and Jie Wei and Xiaoyuan Chen and Guanghua Lei and Chao Zeng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4238}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv4238}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetically engineered chondrocyte-mimetic nanoplatform attenuates osteoarthritis by blocking IL-1β and restoring sirtuin-3}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-time signal processing enabled by fused networks on a memristor-based system on a chip. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv3436. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The von Neumann bottleneck has led to a substantial rise in energy consumption of computing hardware and memory systems, particularly for data-intensive tasks like signal processing. Memristor-based in-memory computing offers an efficient alternative by performing computations within analog memory. Here, we demonstrate real-time signal processing using a fused network that combines the real-time discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and convolutional neural network (CNN) on a memristor-based analog system on a chip (SoC). A 128-by-128 memristor crossbar array performs the DFT on audio signals with a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 33.49 dB, while the following CNN classifies the resulting spectrograms with 94.72% accuracy on the AudioMNIST dataset. In addition, convolution-based edge detection is applied to real-time video frames. The SoC offers substantial energy efficiency improvement over traditional digital systems in signal processing tasks. This work highlights the potential of memristor-based SoCs for efficient real-time signal processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zixu Wang and Wenhao Song and Tong Wang and Zihan Wang and Yichun Xu and Mingyi Rao and Fuxi Cai and Wenbo Yin and Mike Shuo-Wei Chen and Ning Ge and Maxwell Collins and Kangjun Bai and Sabyasachi Ganguli and Michael R. Page and Qing Wu and Linda Katehi and Qiangfei Xia and Miao Hu and J. Joshua Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3436}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv3436}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-time signal processing enabled by fused networks on a memristor-based system on a chip}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The gene regulatory landscape driving mouse gonadal supporting cell differentiation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv1885. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gonadal sex determination relies on tipping a delicate balance involving the activation and repression of several transcription factors and signaling pathways. This is likely mediated by numerous noncoding regulatory elements that shape sex-specific transcriptomic programs. To explore the dynamics of these in detail, we performed paired time series of transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility assays on pre-granulosa and Sertoli cells throughout their development in the embryo, making use of new and existing mouse reporter lines. Regulatory elements were associated with their putative target genes by linkage analysis, and this was complemented and verified experimentally using promoter capture Hi-C. We identified the transcription factor motifs enriched in these regulatory elements along with their occupancy, pinpointing LHX9/EMX2 as potentially critical regulators of ovarian development. Variations in the DNA sequence of these regulatory elements are likely to be responsible for many of the unexplained cases of individuals with differences of sex development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Isabelle Stévant and Elisheva Abberbock and Meshi Ridnik and Roni Weiss and Linoy Swisa and Christopher R. Futtner and Danielle M. Maatouk and Robin Lovell-Badge and Valeriya Malysheva and Nitzan Gonen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1885}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv1885}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The gene regulatory landscape driving mouse gonadal supporting cell differentiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Motifs of human high-frequency oscillations structure processing and memory of continuous audiovisual narratives. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv0986. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The discrete events of our narrative experience are organized by the neural substrate that underlies episodic memory. This narrative process is segmented into distinct units by event boundaries, which facilitate a replay process that acts to consolidate each event into a narrative memory. High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) may synchronize neural activity during these processes. We use intracranial recordings from participants viewing and freely recalling a continuous, audiovisual stimulus. We find that hippocampal HFOs increase following event boundaries and hippocampal-cortical coincident HFOs (co-HFOs) occur in cortical regions that underlie event segmentation (inferior parietal, precuneus, lateral occipital, and inferior frontal cortices). Event-specific co-HFO patterns that occur during event viewing reoccur following event boundaries for the subsequent three events and during recall. This is consistent with models that support replay as a mechanism for memory consolidation. Therefore, HFOs may coordinate activity across brain regions that facilitate event segmentation, encode memory of discrete events, and bind representations to assemble memory of a coherent, continuous experience.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Akash Mishra and Gelana Tostaeva and Maximilian Nentwich and Elizabeth Espinal and Noah Markowitz and Jalen Winfield and Elisabeth Freund and Sabina Gherman and Marcin Leszczynski and Charles E. Schroeder and Ashesh D. Mehta and Stephan Bickel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0986}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv0986}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Motifs of human high-frequency oscillations structure processing and memory of continuous audiovisual narratives}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Manipulating the direction of turbulent energy flux via tensor geometry in a two-dimensional flow. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv0956. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In turbulent flows, energy flux, the cornerstone of turbulence theory, refers to the transfer of kinetic energy across different scales of motion. The direction of net energy flux is prescribed by the dimensionality of the fluid system: Energy cascades to smaller scales in three-dimensional flows but to larger scales in two-dimensional (2D) flows. Manipulating energy flux is a formidable task because the energy at any scale is not localized in the physical space. Here, we report a theoretical framework that enables control over energy flux direction. On the basis of this framework, we conducted experiments and direct numerical simulations, producing a 2D turbulence with forward energy flux, contrary to classical expectations. Beyond theory, we discuss how our theoretical framework can have profound applications and implications in natural and engineered systems across length scale ranges from 10 −3 to 10 6 meters, including enhanced mixing of microfluidic devices, biologically generated turbulence, breaking persistent coastal transport barriers, and ocean energy budget.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinyu Si and Filippo De Lillo and Guido Boffetta and Lei Fang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0956}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv0956}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Manipulating the direction of turbulent energy flux via tensor geometry in a two-dimensional flow}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic change of calcium-rich compartments during coccolithophore biomineralization. SCIADV, 11(30), eadv0618. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coccolithophores are abundant marine phytoplankton that produce biomineralized calcite scales, called coccoliths, which sequester substantial amounts of carbon and play a substantial role in biogeochemical cycles. However, mechanisms underlying the storage and transport of ions essential for calcification remain unresolved. We used ptychographic x-ray computed tomography under cryogenic conditions to visualize intracellular calcium-rich structures involved in the storage of calcium ions in the coccolithophore species Chrysotila carterae . During calcification, we observed a range of structures, from small electron-dense bodies within larger compartments to denser and distributed globular compartments, before returning to small bodies once scale formation is complete. Nanobeam-scanning x-ray fluorescence measurements further revealed that these electron-dense bodies are rich in phosphorus and calcium (molar ratio of ~4:1). The dynamic nature of structures suggests that these bodies are part of the required cellular calcium ion transport pathways, a fundamental process critical for understanding the response of coccolithophores to climate change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Triccas and Daniel M. Chevrier and Mariana Verezhak and Johannes Ihli and Manuel Guizar-Sicairos and Mirko Holler and André Scheffel and Noriaki Ozaki and Virginie Chamard and Rachel Wood and Tilman A. Grünewald and Fabio Nudelman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0618}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadv0618}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic change of calcium-rich compartments during coccolithophore biomineralization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural analysis of HER2-trastuzumab complex reveals receptor conformational adaptation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu9945. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a receptor tyrosine kinase, associated with a variety of malignant tumors, usually through overexpression, resulting in aberrant signaling. Trastuzumab (TZB), one of the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used in combination with chemotherapy, has become a major therapeutic for HER2-overexpressing cancers. Current structural understanding of HER2 and its interactions with other receptors and with different affinity agents has relied on numerous structures of individual domains of HER2. Here, we subjected purified near full-length HER2 to single-particle cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis. Besides the canonical conformation described in previous structural studies, we report a previously unreported conformation of the HER2 extracellular domain that is stabilized upon TZB binding, which might hamper association with HER3, a receptor with which HER2 forms an oncogenic unit. Together, our findings provide insights into the conformational dynamics of the HER2 receptor and the mechanism of action of TZB.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Santiago Vacca and Marcos Gragera and Alejandro Buschiazzo and David Herreros and James M. Krieger and Santiago Bonn-Garcia and Roberto Melero and Carlos OS. Sorzano and Jose M. Carazo and Ohad Medalia and Andreas Plückthun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9945}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu9945}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural analysis of HER2-trastuzumab complex reveals receptor conformational adaptation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DNA damage response pathway regulates nrf2 in response to oxidative stress. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu9555. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nrf2 acts as a transcriptional master regulator to orchestrate antioxidant responses and maintain redox balance. However, the cellular pathway for translating oxidative stress signals into Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signaling molecules in modulating Nrf2’s stability and transcriptional activity by activating the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathway. When activated, CHK2 phosphorylates the autophagy adaptor protein p62 at serine-349, promoting its interaction with Keap1 and disrupting the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, thereby inhibiting Nrf2 ubiquitination–dependent degradation. In addition, CHK2 directly phosphorylates Nrf2 at serine-566/serine-577, enhancing its transcriptional activity and antioxidant capacity. Consistent with these effects, Chk2 −/− mice show impaired expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant target genes, along with more severe renal tissue damage in an ROS-dependent model of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our study reveals a direct mechanism linking the DDR signaling pathway to ROS-triggered Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, providing critical insight into cellular protection against oxidative stress–induced damage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao-You Jiang and Qi-Qiang Guo and Shan-Shan Wang and Ran Guo and Yu Zou and Jing-Wei Liu and Yan-Ling Feng and Yang Guo and Yu-Han Li and Xi-Yan Liu and Xin-Yue Zhang and Shuang Hao and Xiao-Xu Wu and Meng-Han Li and Ao Liu and Chun-Lu Li and Wen-Dong Guo and Hong-De Xu and Xiao-Yu Song and Toren Finkel and Liu Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9555}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu9555}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DNA damage response pathway regulates nrf2 in response to oxidative stress}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A fossilized ventral ganglion reveals a chaetognath affinity for cambrian nectocaridids. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu6990. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nectocaridids are enigmatic Palaeozoic animals with a controversial phylogenetic position. Previous hypotheses have placed them in their own phylum, chordates, molluscs (specifically cephalopods), or radiodont panarthropods. We describe here a nectocaridid, Nektognathus evasmithae gen. et sp. nov. from the early Cambrian (~519 million years) Sirius Passet Lagerstätte of North Greenland. Key specimens preserve paired, phosphatized arcuate structures consistent with preservation of a ventral ganglion, a feature characteristic of extant and fossil chaetognaths, including the amiskwiid Timorebestia koprii also from Sirius Passet. Nektognathus shares a gnathostomulid-like jaw apparatus, lateral fins, subterminal anus, and large antennae with Timorebestia and Amiskwia , placing nectocaridids in the chaetognath stem lineage. The complex sensory anatomy of nectocaridids, which is partially shared with other extinct amiskwiids, highlights a more dynamic predatory lifestyle much higher in the trophic food chain during early chaetognath evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jakob Vinther and Luke A. Parry and Mirinae Lee and Morten Lunde Nielsen and Yeongju Oh and Changkun Park and Ji-Hoon Kihm and Giacinto DeVivo and David A. T. Harper and Arne T. Nielsen and Tae-Yoon S. Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6990}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu6990}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A fossilized ventral ganglion reveals a chaetognath affinity for cambrian nectocaridids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A ventral pallidal glutamatergic aversive network encodes abstinence from and reexposure to cocaine. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu6074. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Relapse to drugs of abuse can occur after long periods of abstinence. The ventral pallidum (VP) is central to drug addiction, and its glutamatergic neurons (VP Glu ), whose activation drives aversion, inhibit drug seeking. However, it remains unknown whether these neurons encode the abstinence from and relapse to drugs. We show here that VP Glu projections specifically to the aversion-related lateral habenula (LHb) and ventral tegmental area gabaergic (VTA GABA ) neurons show plasticity induced by abstinence from and reexposure to cocaine or cocaine cues. Both these pathways potentiate during abstinence and restore baseline values upon drug reexposure but with different plasticity mechanisms. Last, inhibiting the VP Glu → LHb pathway enhances cocaine preference after abstinence, while inhibiting the VP Glu → VTA pathway shows variable effects. These findings establish an aversive circuit orchestrated by VP Glu neurons encoding long-term abstinence-driven changes that may contribute to drug relapse.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liran A. Levi and Kineret Inbar and Esti Tseiger and Yonatan M. Kupchik}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6074}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu6074}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A ventral pallidal glutamatergic aversive network encodes abstinence from and reexposure to cocaine}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Obtuse-angled separation of chiral resonances with planar asymmetry–induced tunability of quality factors. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu4875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photonic crystal (PhC) supports Bloch resonances that confine electromagnetic energy within the subwavelength thickness and enable polarization modulation through their intrinsic mode states. If a PhC generates chiral resonances, then it can selectively enhance or suppress specific circular polarizations, making it ideal for chiral optics. Here, we devise a design strategy to realize chiral resonant modes with large angular divergence and tunable quality factors ( Q factors) by introducing planar structural perturbations. The Q factor exhibits an inverse-square dependence on perturbation strength, consistent with the behavior of quasi-bound states in the continuum. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate chiral modes with high circular dichroism, large separation angles, and high- Q factors. We further couple 2D excitons to these resonant modes, achieving spatially separated chiral emission. Using Brillouin zone folding, we translate bound modes at high-symmetry points into the radiative region, suggesting a strategy to control polarization, group velocity, and topology in photonic systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Minsu Jeong and Jihae Lee and Seokwoo Kim and Xiangxin Gong and Rouli Fang and Yuhui Yang and Sang Hoon Chae and Junsuk Rho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu4875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Obtuse-angled separation of chiral resonances with planar asymmetry–induced tunability of quality factors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Defining the genetic determinants of CD8+ t cell receptor repertoire in the context of immune checkpoint blockade. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu3461. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The relationship between genetic variation and CD8 + T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire usage in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for cancer is unexplored. We have conducted a genome-wide and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–focused analysis of CD8 + TCR repertoire to identify genetic determinants of variable gene (V-gene) and CDR3 K -nucleotide oligomer usage from samples taken before and after ICB ( n = 250). We identify 11 cis and 10 trans V-gene associations, primarily to the MHC, that meet genome-wide significance. TCR clones containing HLA associated V-genes were less stable across treatment, while, at the single-cell level, genetically associated clones demonstrate subset enrichment and increased tumor reactivity expression profiles. Notably, patients with HLA-matched TCR clones demonstrate improved overall survival. Our work indicates a complex relationship between genotype and TCR repertoire in the context of ICB treatment, with implications for understanding factors relating to therapeutic response and patient outcomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Esther S. Ng and Gusztav Milotay and Orion Tong and Chelsea A. Taylor and Shawn Sun and Guangyi Niu and Robert Watson and Bo Sun and Sophie MacKay and James J. Gilchrist and Martin Little and Benjamin P. Fairfax and Yang Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3461}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu3461}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Defining the genetic determinants of CD8+ t cell receptor repertoire in the context of immune checkpoint blockade}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observations of a splitting ocean cyclone resulting in subduction of surface waters. SCIADV, 11(30), eadu3221. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth’s oceans contain large numbers of cyclonic eddies, 10 to 25 kilometers in diameter and unresolved in climate simulations. However, we lack observations of these features due to their small size and fast evolution. Here, we present in situ observations of one such cyclonic eddy with intense chlorophyll at its center as it spontaneously splits into two smaller cyclonic eddies over a few days. This splitting rapidly transports surface waters to depth, with sustained vertical velocities of 60 meters per day, primarily from the center of the eddy where carbon concentrations are largest, facilitating efficient transfer of phytoplankton carbon to depth, below the well-mixed, sunlit surface layer. We reproduce the splitting process in an idealized ocean model and find that splitting is controlled by the initial elliptical eddy shape, size, and intensity. Our observations uncover a mechanism for subduction in the upper ocean and highlight the need for quantifying its global prevalence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Leo Middleton and Weiguang Wu and T. M. Shaun Johnston and Daniel R. Tarry and J. Thomas Farrar and Pierre-Marie Poulain and Tamay M. Özgökmen and Andrey Y. Shcherbina and Ananda Pascual and Craig L. McNeill and Malek Belgacem and Maristella Berta and Kathleen Abbott and Alexandra Z. Worden and Fabian Wittmers and Alex Kinsella and Luca R. Centurioni and Verena Hormann and Eugenio Cutolo and Joaquín Tintoré and Simón Ruiz and Benjamín Casas and Helena Cheslack and CALYPSO Collaboration and Eric A. D’Asaro and Amala Mahadevan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3221}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadu3221}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observations of a splitting ocean cyclone resulting in subduction of surface waters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biodiversity-friendly landscapes: A paradox for conservation?. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt9564. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human-induced global change may cause the sixth mass extinction of species. The moderate success of patch-scale biodiversity conservation measures has led to the concept of creating biodiversity-friendly landscapes. However, these landscapes potentially present a paradox: They may increase local biodiversity and thereby strengthen biotic resistance of native communities to global change winners, i.e., species that thrive under global change, such as invasive alien species or temperature- or nutrient-tolerant species. However, they may also improve landscape-scale habitat conditions, such as habitat connectivity, which facilitates the dispersal of global change winners, thereby accelerating biodiversity loss. Despite increasing investment in biodiversity-friendly landscapes, this paradox and underlying processes remain largely unquantified. We analyzed 2050 repeated, systematic vegetation surveys across the Swiss farmland and found the hypothesized facilitating and inhibitory effects on global change winners, but, overall, the inhibitory effects were stronger. This supports the call for a shift from patch-scale conservation to landscape-wide strategies to stop the ongoing decline of farmland biodiversity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eliane Seraina Meier and Alexander Indermaur and Eva Knop}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9564}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt9564}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biodiversity-friendly landscapes: A paradox for conservation?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tandem reaction-adsorption separation of perfluorinated cyclopropane/propane mixtures. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt9498. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Separating perfluorinated cyclopropane/propane mixtures is critical yet challenging for sustainably producing high-purity perfluropropane in the advanced electronics industry. Conventional one-step adsorption separation methods lack proper selectivity due to similar molecular sizes and properties. We introduce a tandem reaction-adsorption approach with ultrahigh selectivity and low-pressure uptake. The initial step converts perfluorinated cyclopropane into olefins, enhancing molecular size and polarity differences and enabling efficient sieving using a scalable, stable molecular sieve developed. The method achieves selectivity over two orders of magnitude higher than conventional methods, producing 99.9999% pure perfluropropane at 12.5 liters per kilogram per hour with a 98.8% yield in the fixed beds. The tandem reaction-adsorption methodology introduces an efficient route for separating and purifying industrially challenging gas analogs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinxin Li and Weiwei Zhang and Guang Miao and Zhikang Wu and Xingjie Wang and Xuan Wei and Zewei Liu and Hao Tang and Cuiting Yang and Jing Xiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9498}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt9498}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tandem reaction-adsorption separation of perfluorinated cyclopropane/propane mixtures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thermoresponsive antioxidant metal-free carbon nanodot hydrogel: An effective therapeutic approach for ocular surface disease. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt8775. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the body’s oxidative and antioxidant systems, contributes markedly to the development of numerous ocular surface diseases, particularly dry eye disease (DED). Effective elimination or reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can halt disease progression and alleviate symptoms. This study presents an innovative thermoresponsive, metal-free carbon nanodot (CD) hydrogel, termed F-CD hydrogel, which exhibits potent neutralization capabilities against multiple free radicals, including OH·, O 2 − ·, and ·DPPH. This hydrogel demonstrates remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic capacity, effectively relieving DED symptoms by eliminating ROS at their source. Furthermore, its thermosensitive characteristics enhance the adherence of CDs to the ocular surface. In mouse models of DED, the F-CD hydrogel accelerates epithelial repair, thickens the corneal epithelium, promotes tear secretion, and boosts goblet cell count by up-regulating protective genes while suppressing those promoting apoptosis and oxidative stress. Coupled with its excellent biocompatibility and reduced administration frequency and treatment duration, the F-CD hydrogel emerges as a promising therapeutic approach for DED.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mei Yang and Xin Chen and Zhongxing Chen and Nan Zhao and Zhenhai Zeng and Xiaomin Huang and Zheng Li and Jiawei Li and Guoli Zhao and Manli Deng and Zhilin Zou and Hongxian Pan and Aodong Chen and Tingting Chen and Yue Wu and Xueyu Fu and Qimanguli Saiding and Na Kong and Wei Tao and Xingtao Zhou and Jinhai Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8775}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt8775}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thermoresponsive antioxidant metal-free carbon nanodot hydrogel: An effective therapeutic approach for ocular surface disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neanderthals, hypercarnivores, and maggots: Insights from stable nitrogen isotopes. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt7466. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reconstructions of Eurasian Neanderthal diets based on stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ 15 N) typically place hominins at the top of the food web, together with, or above, hypercarnivores, such as lions and wolves. We suggest that these high δ 15 N values may, in part, reflect the regular consumption of 15 N-enriched fly larvae (maggots) occurring in stored animal foods. The ethnohistoric record contains countless examples of Indigenous peoples routinely consuming putrefied animal foods with maggots. Here, we report the results of δ 15 N bulk analyses of fly larvae of three families (Diptera: Brachycera: Calliphoridae, Piophilidae, and Stratiomyidae) collected from putrefying carcasses. Putrefaction led to modest changes in the initial muscle tissue δ 15 N values that ranged from −0.6 to 7.7‰. Much greater δ 15 N values ranging from 5.4 to 43.2‰ were observed in the fly larvae associated with putrefaction. We suggest that frequent consumption of animal foods laced with maggots should be considered as a contributor to the high δ 15 N values observed in Late Pleistocene hominins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Melanie M. Beasley and Julie J. Lesnik and John D. Speth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7466}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt7466}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neanderthals, hypercarnivores, and maggots: Insights from stable nitrogen isotopes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selective engagement of prefrontal VIP neurons in reversal learning. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt4945. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To gain insights into neural mechanisms enabling behavioral adaptations to complex and multidimensional environmental dynamics, we examined roles of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)–expressing neurons in mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in probabilistic reversal learning. Behaviorally, manipulating VIP neuronal activity left probabilistic classical conditioning unaffected but severely impaired reversal learning. Physiologically, conditioned cue-associated VIP neuronal responses changed abruptly after encountering an unexpected reward. They also conveyed strong reward prediction error signals during behavioral reversal, but not before or after, unlike pyramidal neurons that consistently conveyed error signals throughout all phases. Furthermore, the signal’s persistence across trials correlated with reversal learning duration. These results suggest that mPFC VIP neurons play crucial roles in rapid reversal learning, but not in gradual value updating under stable probabilistic contingencies, by monitoring salient deviations from ongoing environmental contingencies and imposing error-correction signals during behavioral adjustments. These findings shed light on the intricate cortical circuit dynamics underpinning behavioral flexibility in complex, multifaceted environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jee Hyun Yi and Young Ju Yoon and Huijeong Jeong and Seo Yeon Choe and Min Whan Jung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4945}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt4945}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selective engagement of prefrontal VIP neurons in reversal learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Radiation with reproductive isolation in the near-absence of phylogenetic signal. SCIADV, 11(30), eadt0973. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {According to the genic view, species are characterized by the genes that underlie functional divergence. Here, we take a phylogenomic approach to assess this view at the scale of a whole radiation. The hamlets ( Hypoplectrus spp.) represent a recent radiation of reef fishes from the Greater Caribbean that are reproductively isolated through assortative mating. A total of 335 genomes from 15 locations revealed a single well-supported phylogenetic split among species, with a large share of the radiation unresolved. The polytomic nature of the hamlet radiation is extreme compared to other recent radiations such as Lake Victoria cichlids. At the gene-tree level, we identified just one genomic region, centered around the casz1 transcription factor, with a topology that reflects species differences. These results show that phenotypic diversification and reproductive isolation—two major attributes of species—may unfold in the near-absence of phylogenetic signal, both genome-wide and at the gene-tree level.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Martin Helmkampf and Floriane Coulmance and Melanie J. Heckwolf and Arturo Acero P. and Alice Balard and Iliana Bista and Omar Dominguez Dominguez and Paul B. Frandsen and Montserrat Torres-Oliva and Aintzane Santaquiteria and Jose Tavera and Benjamin C. Victor and D. Ross Robertson and Ricardo Betancur-R. and W. Owen McMillan and Oscar Puebla}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0973}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadt0973}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Radiation with reproductive isolation in the near-absence of phylogenetic signal}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetic history of scythia. SCIADV, 11(30), eads8179. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Great Scythia was the ancient Greek name for the area stretching from the northern Black Sea coast to the Middle Don. Using high-quality genomic data generated from 131 ancient individuals from Great Scythia and neighboring regions of the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, we established the genetic structure of the Scythians, revealing their diverse origin with major European Bronze Age ancestral components, and genetic traces of migration and invasions. We uncovered relationships between Scythians, including elite Scythians. Substantial endogamy in the Scythian clan was found. We examined Scythians’ phenotypes and medical-genetic background and found a harmful gene mutation causing fructose intolerance. This ancient “Scythian” mutation has spread throughout West Eurasia and has become the most prevalent genetic cause of fructose intolerance in contemporary European populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tatiana V. Andreeva and Anna D. Soshkina and Fedor E. Gusev and Alexandra B. Malyarchuk and Gleb S. Dotsenko and Natalia A. Dudko and Maria Yu. Plotnikova and Svetlana S. Kunizheva and Andrey D. Manakhov and Tatiana V. Ustkachkintseva and Maria S. Protasova and Semyon A. Volodin and Alexandra P. Buzhilova and Yuriy D. Razuvaev and Natalia Ya. Berezina and Yakov B. Berezin and Anatoly R. Kantorovich and Vladimir E. Maslov and Dmitry G. Barinov and Maria V. Dobrovolskaya and Evgeny I. Rogaev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8179}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eads8179}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetic history of scythia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetic foundations of interindividual neurophysiological variability. SCIADV, 11(30), eads7544. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurophysiological brain activity shapes cognitive functions and individual traits. Here, we investigated the extent to which individual neurophysiological properties are genetically determined and how these adult traits align with cortical gene expression patterns across development. Using task-free magnetoencephalography in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, as well as unrelated individuals, we found that neurophysiological traits were significantly more similar between monozygotic twins, indicating a genetic influence, although individual-specific variability remained predominant. These heritable brain dynamics were mainly associated with genes involved in neurotransmission, expressed along a topographical gradient that mirrors psychological functions, including attention, planning, and emotional processes. Furthermore, the cortical expression patterns of genes associated with individual differentiation aligned most strongly with gene expression profiles observed during adulthood in previously published longitudinal datasets. These findings underscore a persistent genetic influence on neurophysiological activity, supporting individual cognitive and behavioral variability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jason da Silva Castanheira and Jonathan Poli and Justine Y. Hansen and Bratislav Misic and Sylvain Baillet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7544}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eads7544}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetic foundations of interindividual neurophysiological variability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multienergy x-ray detection and imaging enabled by working voltage regulating unipolar carrier collection in perovskite detectors. SCIADV, 11(30), eads2995. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multienergy x-ray imaging can provide additional substance information beyond morphology in conventional energy-integration imaging. The predominant approach, single photon counting, sets stringent requirements on low x-ray flux and signal discrimination and prolongs imaging time. Here, we report on the design of unipolar n-i-n perovskite detectors for multienergy x-ray imaging. Systematic characterization validates electrons dominating carrier dynamics in detectors, and the distribution of generated electrons varies as x-ray energy along its penetrating direction, whereas working voltage can manipulate electron drift length, ensuring their selective collection for x-ray energy discrimination. Our multienergy imaging array adopts high-flux x-ray in a normal imaging system and realizes fast 4-energy-bins x-ray images. By introducing the σ( E i )/σ( E j )-related multienergy digital subtraction algorithm, the images successfully distinguish the substance of targets side by side or by stacking, representing a notable advancement over conventional energy-integration imaging technique.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuwei Li and Xin Wang and Yijing Ding and Jingda Zhao and Shilin Liu and Yubing Xu and Qi Cheng and Ziyu Wei and Damian Chinedu Onwudiwe and Byung Seong Bae and Mehmet Ertuğrul and Ying Zhu and Wenbo Ma and Yang (Michael) Yang and Wei Lei and Xiaobao Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2995}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eads2995}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multienergy x-ray detection and imaging enabled by working voltage regulating unipolar carrier collection in perovskite detectors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Learning the sequence code of protein expression in human immune cells. SCIADV, 11(30), eads0510. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Accurate protein expression in human immune cells is essential for appropriate cellular function. The mechanisms that define protein abundance are complex and are executed on transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. Here, we present SONAR, a machine learning pipeline that learns the endogenous sequence code and that defines protein abundance in human cells. SONAR uses thousands of sequence features (SFs) to predict up to 63% of the protein abundance independently of promoter or enhancer information. SONAR uncovered the cell type–specific and activation-dependent usage of SFs. The deep knowledge of SONAR provides a map of potentially biologically active SFs, which can be leveraged to manipulate the amplitude, timing, and cell type specificity of protein expression. SONAR informed on the design of enhancer sequences to boost T cell receptor expression and to potentiate T cell function. Beyond providing fundamental insights into the regulation of protein expression, our study thus offers innovative means to improve therapeutic and biotechnology applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Benoît P. Nicolet and Anouk P. Jurgens and Kaspar Bresser and Antonia Bradarić and Aurélie Guislain and Monika C. Wolkers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0510}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eads0510}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Learning the sequence code of protein expression in human immune cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Role of HAUS7 as a DOCK3 binding partner in facilitating axon regeneration. SCIADV, 11(30), eadq7105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The molecular mechanisms involved in reconstructing the eye-to-brain connection and functional recovery following optic nerve damage remain unclear. This study revealed that HAUS augmin-like complex subunit 7 (HAUS7) is a molecule that binds to dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3), a regulator of neurotrophic factor signaling and axon regeneration. We observed a distribution pattern of HAUS7 expression, suggesting that neuronal HAUS7 is transported from the cell body to the growth cone under the control of DOCK3. In addition, phosphorylation of DOCK3 at Y562 by tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling leads to the dissociation of HAUS7, which is considered an important step for microtubule assembly. Deletion of Haus7 in mice significantly reduced microtubule formation and axon regeneration following optic nerve crush (ONC). Transcriptome analysis suggested that HAUS7 levels decrease in glaucoma and after the ONC, while retinal ganglion cells actively regenerating their axons express high levels of HAUS7. In summary, HAUS7 is a binding partner of DOCK3 necessary for axon elongation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Naoki Kiyota and Youichi Shinozaki and Xiaoli Guo and Atsuko Kimura and Kazuto Kawamura and Euido Nishijima and Sari Honda and Chikako Harada and Toru Nakazawa and Kazuhiko Namekata and Takayuki Harada}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadq7105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Role of HAUS7 as a DOCK3 binding partner in facilitating axon regeneration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuropeptide y neurons surrounding the locus coeruleus inhibit noradrenergic system activity to reduce anxiety. SCIADV, 11(30), eadq0011. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptive responses to challenging environments depend on optimal function of the locus coeruleus (LC), the brain’s main source of noradrenaline and primary mediator of the initial stress response. Combining functional circuit dissection and causal in vivo interventions in mice, we here investigate a built-in peptidergic regulatory system that restricts LC noradrenergic output. In particular, we characterize a population of neuropeptide Y (NPY)–expressing neurons surrounding LC noradrenergic cells. We show that this peri-LC NPY population exerts neuromodulatory inhibitory control over the LC via NPY-Y1R signaling. Under naïve conditions, this results in bidirectional control of anxiety-like behaviors. Stressful experiences recruit peri-LC NPY neurons, leading to local NPY release in vivo, whereas enhanced peri-LC NPY neuronal activity curbs anxiety after stress. Together, we establish a causal role for peri-LC NPY –mediated neuromodulation of the LC in the regulation of anxiety, providing mechanistic insights into the endogenous systems underlying adaptive responses to adversity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danai Riga and Karlijn L. Kooij and Kelly Rademakers and Inge G. Wolterink-Donselaar and Onur Basak and Frank J. Meye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0011}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadq0011}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuropeptide y neurons surrounding the locus coeruleus inhibit noradrenergic system activity to reduce anxiety}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A nociceptive amygdala-striatal pathway modulating affective-motivational pain. SCIADV, 11(30), eado2837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The basolateral amygdala (BLA) assigns valence to sensory stimuli, with a dedicated nociceptive ensemble encoding the negative valence of pain. However, the effects of chronic pain on the transcriptomic signatures and projection architecture of this BLA nociceptive ensemble are not well understood. Here, we show that optogenetic inhibition of the nociceptive BLA ensemble reduces affective-motivational behaviors in chronic neuropathic pain. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing revealed peripheral injury–induced changes in genetic pathways involved in axonal and presynaptic organization in nociceptive BLA neurons. Next, we identified a previously uncharacterized nociceptive hotspot in the nucleus accumbens shell that is innervated by BLA nociceptive neurons. Axonal calcium imaging of BLA projections to the accumbens and chemogenetic inhibition of this pathway revealed pain-related transmission from the amygdala to the medial nucleus accumbens, facilitating both acute and chronic pain affective-motivational behaviors. Together, this work defines a critical nociceptive amygdala-striatal circuit underlying pain unpleasantness across pain states.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica A. Wojick and Alekh Paranjapye and Juliann K. Chiu and Corinna S. Oswell and Malaika Mahmood and Lisa M. Wooldridge and Blake A. Kimmey and Raquel Adaia Sandoval Ortega and Nora M. McCall and Seungmin Han and Jacqueline W. K. Wu and Maxx Yung and Lindsay L. Ejoh and Samar Nasser Chehimi and Richard C. Crist and Benjamin C. Reiner and Erica Korb and Gregory Corder}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado2837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eado2837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A nociceptive amygdala-striatal pathway modulating affective-motivational pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human iPSC-based breast cancer model identifies S100P-dependent cancer stemness induced by BRCA1 mutation. SCIADV, 11(30), eadi2370. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in females and remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women worldwide. The cellular and molecular basis of breast tumorigenesis is not completely understood partly due to the lack of human research models which simulate the development of breast cancer. Here, we developed a method for generating functional mammary-like cells (MCs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The iPSC-MCs closely resemble human primary MCs at cellular, transcriptional, and functional levels. Using this method, a breast cancer model was generated using patient-derived iPSCs harboring germline BRCA1 mutation. The patient iPSC-MCs recapitulated the transcriptome, clinical genomic alteration, and tumorigenic ability of breast cancer cells. We also identified S100P as an oncogene downstream of mutated BRCA1 that promotes cancer cell stemness and tumorigenesis. Our study establishes a promising system of breast cancer for studying the mechanism of tumorigenesis and identifying potential therapeutic targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingxin Liu and Cai Zhao and Jiahao Chen and Pengguihang Zeng and Qingjian Li and Ranran Dai and Xingqiang Lai and Wenqian Song and Jianing Chen and Xixi Zhu and Xinyi Liu and Jun Sun and Jia Wang and Peihang Fang and Tengfei Wang and Wenjie Chen and Diana Guallar and Nan Cao and Jianli Zhao and Shicheng Su and Andy Peng Xiang and Yi Arial Zeng and Jie Li and Junchao Cai and Dung-Fang Lee and Jinxin Bei and Yongliang Huo and Hai Hu and Shengbao Suo and Dong-feng Huang and Jin Bai and Junjun Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adi2370}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {30}, pages = {eadi2370}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human iPSC-based breast cancer model identifies S100P-dependent cancer stemness induced by BRCA1 mutation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Blurring the lines between printed machines and living robots. SCIADV, 11(29), eaea2482. (www)

  @article{ , archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Robert K. Katzschmann and Thomas J. K. Buchner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea2482}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eaea2482}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Blurring the lines between printed machines and living robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Twilight length alters growth and flowering time in arabidopsis via LHY/CCA1” by d. mehta et al.. SCIADV, 11(29), eaea0946. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Twilight length alters growth and flowering time in Arabidopsis via LHY/CCA1” by D. Mehta et al. included incorrect statistical labeling in Figs. 1 (C and E), 2 (B and C), and 3 (A, C and D) and fig. S2 (B and C). Some statistical labels that indicate significant difference between samples were mistranslated from the statistical analysis results found in their supplementary tables (which remain unchanged).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aea0946}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eaea0946}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Twilight length alters growth and flowering time in arabidopsis via LHY/CCA1” by d. mehta et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gold clusters assembled homochiral helical microbowties. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx9526. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Construction of artificial microscale helical superstructures holds great significance for understanding hierarchical evolution of chiral architectures in nature. However, fabricating microscale helical superstructures from metal clusters remains mysterious and challenging. Here, we achieved hierarchically assembled helical bowties with micrometer scale via electrostatic interaction-driven co-assembly of chiral Au 4 clusters and trans -1,4-cyclohexanediamine. The size and conformation matching of chiral Au 4 and trans -1,4-cyclohexanediamine compared to the other amines promotes continuous chirality transfer from Au 4 to nanoplatelets and finally to helical microbowties that follows Au 4 molecular chirality. We elucidated hierarchical evolution mechanism of morphology from nanoplatelets to microcake and to helical microbowties through gradual helical stacking and twisting of nanoplatelets. Furthermore, these helical microbowties exhibited excellent switchable photoluminescence and circularly polarized luminescence characteristics governed by dissociation and recombination of electrostatic interactions. This work demonstrates the formation of controllable metal cluster–based helical microbowties and deepens the understanding of chirality transfer and expression at microscale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuai-Peng Chen and Jiajia Zhang and Qi-Xiang Cai and Yubing Si and Ying-Xue Yuan and Shuang-Quan Zang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9526}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx9526}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gold clusters assembled homochiral helical microbowties}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). BLIMP1 negatively regulates IL-2 signaling in t cells. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx8105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interleukin-2 (IL-2) regulates immune homeostasis by fine-tuning the balance between effector and regulatory T (T reg ) cells. To identify regulators of IL-2 signaling, we performed genome-wide CRISPR-knockout screening in IL-2–dependent cells derived from a patient with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and found enrichment of single guide RNAs targeting PRDM1 , which encodes B lymphocyte–induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1). BLIMP1 inhibits IL-2 production by T cells; however, its role in IL-2 signaling remains unknown. Here, we show that overexpressing Prdm1 down-regulated IL-2 signaling, whereas Prdm1 -deficiency enhanced IL-2 signaling in mouse CD4 + T cells and T reg cells with augmented IL-2 signaling in T cells from influenza-infected mice and during adoptive T cell transfer–induced colitis. Deleting PRDM1 in human CD4 + T cells and T reg cells also increased IL-2 signaling. Furthermore, CD4 + T cells from patients with ATL expressed less BLIMP1 and had enhanced IL-2 signaling, whereas overexpressing PRDM1 in ATL cells suppressed IL-2 signaling. Thus, BLIMP1 inhibits IL-2 signaling during normal and pathophysiological responses, suggesting that manipulating BLIMP1 could have therapeutic potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suyasha Roy and Min Ren and Peng Li and Kairong Cui and Yaqiang Cao and Bryan Fisk and Tovah E. Markowitz and Neelam Redekar and Keiko Sakamoto and Keisuke Nagao and Jangsuk Oh and Rosanne Spolski and Wei Liao and Sigrid P. Dubois and Brian L. Kelsall and Keji Zhao and James D. Phelan and Warren J. Leonard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx8105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {BLIMP1 negatively regulates IL-2 signaling in t cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Parallel writing of 5D optical data via shaped voxels. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx7335. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multidimensional optical data storage is a critically needed technology in the digital era. To overcome the low data writing rate in the conventional systems, we present a parallel five-dimensional optical data writing method by projecting arrays of depth-resolved voxels of different shapes via a digital micromirror device and temporally focusing a femtosecond laser amplifier. This is more efficient than the conventional approach that serially creates birefringent voxels in glass (e.g., nanogratings or oblate nanopores) via scanning an ultrafast laser while varying its polarizations. We demonstrated parallel writing of 16 by 16 birefringent voxels with eight different slow-axis azimuths by controlling the shapes of the projected light spots. Next, we demonstrated five-layer parallel data writing with 100% readout accuracy and a 1.5-terabyte storage capacity per disc. With a high repetition rate femtosecond laser amplifier (e.g., 100 kilohertz), our method may achieve a theoretical writing speed of 7.5 megabytes per second, paving the way for high-speed, high-capacity optical data storage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Minxin Ye and Yuhao Lei and Xin Zhang and Lei Wang and Shih-Chi Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7335}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx7335}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Parallel writing of 5D optical data via shaped voxels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Crustal faulting drives biological redox cycling in the deep subsurface. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx5372. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the deep biosphere, where surface-derived substrates are depleted, microbial communities rely on redox pairs generated through water-rock reactions to sustain metabolism. A notable example of this is the production of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and oxidants from rock fracturing. However, the potential interactions between these initial redox pairs and a key subsurface element—iron (Fe)—remain underexplored. Here, we simulated radical-induced water splitting to investigate the formation and evolution of redox gradients. Our results show that in the presence of Fe, ferrous iron (Fe 2+ ) was marginally oxidized to ferric iron (Fe 3+ ) by low concentrations of oxidants, whereas Fe 3+ was efficiently reduced back to Fe 2+ by reactive hydrogen atoms (•H). We propose that crustal faulting can generate various redox pairs and drive Fe redox cycling, thereby providing a sustained energy source for subsurface life on Earth and potentially on other planetary bodies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao Wu and Jianxi Zhu and Hongmei Yang and Yiping Yang and Xiaoju Lin and Xiaoliang Liang and Mang Lin and Barbara Sherwood Lollar and Kurt O. Konhauser and Hongping He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5372}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx5372}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Crustal faulting drives biological redox cycling in the deep subsurface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noninvasive real-time monitoring of cellular spatiotemporal dynamics via machine learning–enhanced electrical impedance spectroscopy. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx4919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Monitoring cellular spatiotemporal dynamics is essential for understanding complex biological processes such as organ development and cancer progression. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy to track cellular dynamics is often limited by dye-induced cytotoxicity and cellular photodamage. Here, we demonstrate an alternative methodology combining microelectrode arrays, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and machine learning (ML) that enables real-time monitoring of cellular spatiotemporal dynamics in a noninvasive and label-free manner. The platform is applied to normal and cancerous breast epithelial cells in either mono- or coculture, correlating EIS measurements with cell growth parameters obtained from automated microscopy image analysis. An ML model is implemented to accurately predict the spatiotemporal evolution of cell density and size and to classify the different cell types based solely on EIS recordings. The technology is also shown to be capable of tracking pertinent biological processes including spatial heterogeneities in cell proliferation patterns and cell competition in coculture.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manuel Carrasco Yagüe and Xingjian Zhang and Matthew Volpatti and Yiming Wei and Gor Lebedev and Jean Gamby and Abdul I. Barakat}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx4919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noninvasive real-time monitoring of cellular spatiotemporal dynamics via machine learning–enhanced electrical impedance spectroscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optical control of single-atom dynamics in plasmonic nanogaps. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx3216. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Observing and controlling dynamics of single atoms in ambient conditions is challenging when using conventional atomic-scale techniques due to their invasive character. Here, such control is achieved optically, by confining pulses of visible light within extreme plasmonic nanogaps, where they rapidly create (“write”) an adatom on one facet surface. Such adatoms are shown to be storable in ambient conditions for at least a week in the dark and are observed (“read”) using low-intensity surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Writing at higher optical intensities stabilizes the atomic protrusion through light-induced local restructuring, which imposes a higher energy barrier for its return into the metal surface. Fluctuations in these “picocavity” SERS spectra show that while adatom movement is significantly slower under low light intensities, ambient thermal energy still enables them to explore the surrounding energetic landscape. Optical control over single metal atom dynamics opens promising avenues for next-generation microelectronics, atomic-scale imaging, and catalysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Paul Kerner and Rakesh Arul and Damien Thompson and Jeremy J. Baumberg and Bart de Nijs}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3216}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx3216}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optical control of single-atom dynamics in plasmonic nanogaps}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polytelluoxane as the ideal formulation for EUV photoresist. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx1918. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography has become the essence of advanced semiconductor manufacturing processes. While enabling smaller feature sizes, EUV lithography imposes increasingly stringent requirements on the comprehensive performance and stochastic defect suppression of photoresist. The widely recognized strategy to minimize these defects is a material that integrates high EUV absorption and energy utilization into a homogeneous system based on molecular building blocks—the ideal formulation for EUV photoresist. However, achieving these integrated characteristics within a single molecule has remained an unresolved challenge. Here, we address all these requirements by polytelluoxane using an organic telluride monomer polymerized via Te─O bonds. This polymeric photoresist, operating through a main chain scission mechanism, demonstrates high-performance positive-tone lithography. Attributed to this ideal formulation, our photoresist achieves a comprehensive 18-nm line width at a dose of 13.1 mJ/cm 2 with a line edge roughness of 1.97 nm. We believe that this strategy establishes a framework for the design of next-generation EUV photoresists.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruihao Zhou and Muqing Cao and Yizheng Tan and Mark Neisser and Huaping Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1918}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx1918}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polytelluoxane as the ideal formulation for EUV photoresist}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Measurement-induced photonic topological insulators. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx0595. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Topological order in photonics, defined by pseudo-spin degrees of freedom, is traditionally static. By contrast, a unique quantum effect is that measurements alter system states. The convergence of these foundational concepts—measurement and topology—remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that topological order can be dynamically modified by repeated measurements. By fabricating a photonic lattice composed of an array of contiguous waveguides and incorporating 16,800 appended waveguide segments as discrete, nonindependent units, we established a classical-wave platform simulating the backaction from measurements and observed measurement-induced topological order in photonic lattices. Beyond topology, we further demonstrate that measurements can universally control the lattice by tailoring its Hilbert space and validate experimentally. Our study not only offers a quantum approach to dynamically tailor topological order but also unveils measurements as a powerful universal control tool, paving the way to on-chip topological materials and measurement-induced control over photonic systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quancheng Liu and Weijie Liu and Yuechen Jia and Klaus Ziegler and Andrea Alù and Feng Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0595}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx0595}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Measurement-induced photonic topological insulators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Proteolytic-resistant self-assembling peptide nanofibers combat specific bacterial infections via trap and kill. SCIADV, 11(29), eadx0153. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rise in global antibiotic resistance highlights the urgent need for effective antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a potential solution to combat bacterial resistance. However, key challenges remain in addressing the limitations of current peptide drugs and biomaterials, such as narrow action modes, poor protease stability, and challenges in pathogen-specific targeting. This study introduces a series of multifunctional AMPs by integrating self-assembling systems. By regulating the length of cationic amino acid side chains, the optimized peptide Nhar was identified as a triple-functional candidate with the potential to solve these limitations. In aqueous solutions, Nhar self-assembles into nanofibers that trap pathogens, prevent their spread, and selectively kill Gram-positive bacteria. Nhar demonstrates remarkable protease resistance, retaining antimicrobial activity even under protease conditions (10 milligrams per milliliter). It induces bacterial death primarily through membrane disruption and multiple synergistic mechanisms. In a Staphylococcus aureus –induced mouse bacteremia model, Nhar showed promising therapeutic potential. This work offers important insights for developing multifunctional antimicrobial therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weikang Yu and Mengyi Zhao and Xu Guo and Xiangwan Wang and Jiajun Wang and Yinfeng Lyu and Anshan Shan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0153}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadx0153}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Proteolytic-resistant self-assembling peptide nanofibers combat specific bacterial infections via trap and kill}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topological bubble domain engineering for high strain response. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw8840. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Enhancing the piezoelectric or strain response of materials through nanodomain engineering has proven to be highly effective. Here, we demonstrate that topological bubble domains (BDs) can be induced in Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT)–based thin films via lattice distortions. We establish a positive correlation between the density of BDs, macroscopic polarization, and strain response. The BDs in BNT-based thin films leads to a remarkable enhancement in the strain response, reaching ~400% of the virgin state. This enhancement arises from the lower energy barriers for dipole flipping and domain switching associated with BDs, in comparison to conventional domain structures. Under an applied electric field, the rotation of polarized BDs, combined with a reduction in dipole flux due to the articulated rotation between BDs and surrounding domains, further amplifies the strain response. These findings advance our understanding of BDs in electromechanical materials and provide theoretical guidance for designing high-performance piezoelectrics with polar topologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jin Qian and Yang Liu and Liqiang He and Guanglong Ge and Bo Shen and Huarong Zeng and Zhenxiang Cheng and Dong Wang and Jiwei Zhai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8840}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw8840}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topological bubble domain engineering for high strain response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Delivery of a fibrin-binding hemostatic polymer ameliorates neurovascular damage and neural tissue loss after traumatic brain injury. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw7425. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often induces blood leakage into brain tissues, which causes further tissue loss after the initial injury. To mitigate this secondary injury, we hypothesized that delivery of a fibrin-binding hemostatic polymer, PolySTAT, would act as a molecular patch and ameliorate brain vessel damage following TBI. We developed a three-dimensional (3D) pathology and analysis workflow to quantify the effects of PolySTAT versus a control polymer, PolySCRM, on neurovascular networks and neural tissue in whole mouse brains. Using a panel of fluorescent probes, our 3D pathology pipeline revealed that PolySTAT treatment preserves neurovascular density and function, reduces hypoxia and blood extravasation, and reduces brain tissue loss after TBI. To further corroborate the 3D microscopy–based findings, gene expression analyses show that PolySTAT attenuates the expression of inflammation and reactive gliosis biomarkers. These findings support future translational investigation of intravenous PolySTAT as an early post-injury therapy to mitigate neural tissue loss after TBI.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qinghua Han and David Brenes and Kevin W. Bishop and Trey J. Pichon and Melissa Ling and Garrett D. McPheron and Nathan J. White and Suzie H. Pun and Jonathan T. C. Liu and Drew L. Sellers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7425}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw7425}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Delivery of a fibrin-binding hemostatic polymer ameliorates neurovascular damage and neural tissue loss after traumatic brain injury}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconfigurable high-dimensional synthetic photonic lattices. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw7198. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reconfigurable high-dimensional synthetic photonic lattices offer a promising platform for exploring the dynamic evolution of complex physical systems in high-dimensional spaces. However, the realization of reconfigurable high-dimensional synthetic lattices remains a notable challenge to date. Here, we propose a strategy for realizing dimensionally scalable temporal-domain synthetic photonic lattices, which enables independent control over both the phase and intensity of the signal light at each lattice site and time step within a high-dimensional space. By introducing multiple link rings to realize coupling between site rings, this strategy facilitates the exploration of a wide range of complex physical phenomena. We experimentally validate this proposed strategy in an optical fiber ring system, demonstrating nonreciprocal couplings up to three-dimensional space, topological funnel states, and periodic non-Hermitian temporal modulation to two-dimensional space. Moreover, we theoretically discuss the Weyl surfaces in five-dimensional space. This work provides a platform for exploring high-dimensional physics and paves the way for simulating complex systems, such as quantum many-body models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haiqi Huang and Zhuochen Du and Kun Liao and Xiaoyong Hu and Qihuang Gong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7198}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw7198}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconfigurable high-dimensional synthetic photonic lattices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microalgae empower skeletal muscle via increased force production and viability. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw5786. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Engineered skeletal muscle holds potential for tissue engineering and biohybrid robotics applications. However, current strategies face challenges in enhancing force generation while maintaining stability and scalability of the muscle, largely due to insufficient oxygenation and limited nutrient delivery. In this study, we present an engineering approach to address these limitations by coculturing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ( C. reinhardtii ), a photosynthetic unicellular green microalga, with C2C12 myoblasts in a hydrogel matrix. Leveraging the photosynthetic activity of C. reinhardtii , our microalgae-empowered muscle (MAM) constructs exhibited superior contractility and almost three times higher active force generation compared to conventional muscle constructs. MAM showed higher cellular viability and reduced tissue damage, attributed to in situ oxygenation and nutrient supply provided by microalgal photosynthesis. In addition, improved myotube alignment was observed in MAM, which contributed to enhanced force generation. Our findings showcase the potential of photosynthetic microalgae as a functional component in engineered skeletal muscle, offering a solution to longstanding challenges in muscle engineering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiang Wang and Claire Schirmer and Elena Totter and Simone Schuerle}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5786}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw5786}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microalgae empower skeletal muscle via increased force production and viability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Binary host-guest strategy enables bright and efficient lead-free zero-dimensional tin halide light-emitting diodes. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw5454. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead-free tin perovskites present remarkable environmental advantages over lead-based counterparts. While substantial progress has been made with three-dimensional (3D) and 2D tin perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs), the potential of 0D tin perovskites—renowned for their exceptional optical properties and enhanced stability—remains largely unexplored for PeLEDs due to challenges in charge transport and injection. In this study, we introduce a binary host-guest strategy that overcomes these challenges, enabling the demonstration of bright and efficient 0D tin PeLEDs with orange and white light emission. By incorporating 0D tin bromide hybrid (HDAD) 3 SnBr 8 into a meticulously designed binary host system, we achieved PeLEDs with a maximum brightness exceeding 7500 candela meters −2 and an external quantum efficiency surpassing 7%. The remarkable device performance is primarily attributed to improved film morphology, enhanced charge carrier mobility, and optimized carrier balance. Furthermore, by tailoring the device structure, we realized white LEDs with a maximum luminance of 1800 candela meters −2 .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qian Teng and Qinghua Tan and Mengyue Hou and Jiajia Zhang and Fanglong Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5454}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw5454}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Binary host-guest strategy enables bright and efficient lead-free zero-dimensional tin halide light-emitting diodes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impaired mitochondrial metabolism is a critical cancer vulnerability for MYC inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw5228. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {MYC is a key driver in many aggressive and therapy-resistant cancers. We have developed and characterized a small-molecule MYC inhibitor named MYCi975. To uncover combination strategies for MYC inhibitors, we conducted a genome-wide CRISPR screen using MYCi975. This screen revealed a notable synthetic lethality when MYC inhibition was paired with disruption of mitochondrial complex I components, but not other complexes. Mechanistically, MYC inhibition reduced oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, triggering a compensatory up-regulation of complex I genes. Consequently, genetic or pharmacological targeting of complex I sensitized tumors to MYCi975 treatment, leading to increased purine catabolism and infiltration of CD8 + T cells and macrophages into tumors. Additionally, a wide range of tumor cells with lower complex I expression showed increased MYC dependency. These results indicate that metabolic adaptation to MYC inhibition exposes a targetable weakness at complex I and provide a rational strategy for combination therapy with emerging MYC inhibitors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William Yang and Qianyu Guo and Songhua Quan and Zachary R. Chalmers and J. Brandon Parker and Mihai Truica and Mary F. Dufficy and Megan M. Kerber and Karthik Vasan and Dikshat G. Gupta and Adam W. T. Steffeck and Hao Pan and Mohammed Siddiqui and H. Tran Pham and Gary E. Schiltz and Debabrata Chakravarti and Navdeep S. Chandel and Sarki A. Abdulkadir}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5228}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw5228}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impaired mitochondrial metabolism is a critical cancer vulnerability for MYC inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pd@PdBOx heterostructure with strong electronic interaction to promote C─H bond activation for glycerol oxidation reaction. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw4927. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) represents an economical pathway for transforming renewable feedstock to value-added chemicals. However, the inertness of C(sp 3 )─H bonds of glycerol and intermediates results in the high energy barrier of the dehydrogenation step, relating to poor product selectivity at high glycerol conversion. Here, a carbon nanotube–supported PdBO x @Pd heterostructure catalyst (PdBO x @Pd/CNTs) was synthesized in which in situ–exsoluted PdBO x clusters covalently covered Pd nanoparticles, thus yielding strong electronic interaction between Pd nanoparticles and PdBO x clusters. The strong electronic interaction in PdBO x @Pd/CNTs induces the hybridization between Pd(d), B(s, p), and O(s, p) atom orbits, optimizing the adsorption of reactants and intermediates, thus enhancing the activity for the GOR. The density functional theory calculation result reveals that the strong electronic interaction in PdBO x @Pd/CNTs facilitates the hydrogen transfer in the primary C─H bond of the CH 2 OHCHOHCH 2 O* intermediate, thus reducing the energy barrier of the rate-determining step and improving glyceric acid selectivity toward the GOR.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenyu Li and Kunhong Jiang and Yue Yang and Yijing Pian and Huizhen Liu and Zexuan Zheng and Xiyang Wang and Subhajit Jana and Jiefei Li and Zhuoyuan Ma and Xiaoyun Qiao and Xiaoxin Zou and Xuelu Ma and Bin Zhang and Haibin Chu and Yimin A. Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4927}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw4927}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pd@PdBOx heterostructure with strong electronic interaction to promote C─H bond activation for glycerol oxidation reaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interleaved dual-species arrays of single atoms using a passive optical element and one trapping laser. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw4166. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We demonstrate trapping of individual rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs) atoms in an interleaved array of bright tweezers and dark bottle-beam traps, using a microfabricated optical element illuminated by a single-laser beam and a 4 f system with spatial filtering. Our approach exploits the opposite-sign dynamic polarizabilities of Rb and Cs, ensuring that each species is exclusively trapped in either bright or dark sites. The passive optical mask creates optimal trap depths for both species using three transmittance levels while minimizing the optical phase difference, implemented using a variable-thickness absorbing layer of amorphous germanium. This trapping architecture achieves atom loading rates close to 50% while reducing system complexity compared to conventional methods using active optoelectronic components and/or multiple-laser wavelengths.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengyu Fang and Jared Miles and Jonathan Goldwin and Martin Lichtman and Matthew Gillette and Michael Bergdolt and Sanket Deshpande and Sam A. Norrell and Preston Huft and Mikhail A. Kats and Mark Saffman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4166}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw4166}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interleaved dual-species arrays of single atoms using a passive optical element and one trapping laser}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Childhood skeletal lesions common in prehistory are present in living forager-farmers and predict adult markers of immune function. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw3697. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Porous cranial lesions (cribra cranii and cribra orbitalia) are widely used by archaeologists as skeletal markers of poor child health. However, their use has not been validated with systematic data from contemporary populations, where there has been little evidence of these lesions or their health relevance. Using 375 in vivo computed tomography scans from a cohort-representative sample of adults aged 40+ years from the Bolivian Amazon, among food-limited, high-mortality forager-farmers, we identified cribra cranii on 46 (12.3%) and cribra orbitalia on 23 (6%). Cribra orbitalia was associated with several hallmarks of compromised immune function, including fewer B cells, fewer naïve CD4 + T cells, a lower CD4 + /CD8 + T cell ratio, and higher tuberculosis risk. However, neither lesion type predicted other physician-diagnosed respiratory diseases, other markers of cell-mediated immunity, or hemoglobin values. While cribra orbitalia shows promise as a skeletal indicator of health challenges, our findings do not support the continued practice of using these lesions to infer anemia in adults.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amy S. Anderson and Aaron Blackwell and M. Linda Sutherland and Thomas Kraft and James Sutherland and Bret Beheim and Dan Cummings and Suhail Ghafoor and Paul L. Hooper and Daniel Eid Rodriguez and Andrei Irimia and Margaret Gatz and Wendy Mack and Chris Rowan and Michael Miyamoto and Kenneth Buetow and Caleb Finch and L. Samuel Wann and Adel Allam and Randall C. Thompson and Gregory Thomas and Hillard Kaplan and Jonathan Stieglitz and Benjamin Trumble and Michael D. Gurven}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3697}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw3697}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Childhood skeletal lesions common in prehistory are present in living forager-farmers and predict adult markers of immune function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Visualization of topological shear polaritons in gypsum thin films. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw3452. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Low-symmetry crystals have emerged as a platform for exploring unique light-matter interactions in the form of hyperbolic shear polaritons. These excitations exhibit unique properties such as frequency-dispersive optical axes and asymmetric light propagation and energy dissipation. However, only non-vdW materials have been demonstrated to support hyperbolic shear polaritons, limiting their exotic properties and potential applications. Here, we introduce shear phenomena in low symmetry crystals by demonstrating elliptical and canalized shear phonon polaritons in gypsum, an exfoliable monoclinic sulphate mineral. Our results unveil a topological transition from hyperbolic shear to elliptical shear polaritons, passing through a canalization regime with strong field confinement. We observe a notable slowdown of group velocity, reaching values as low as 0.0005 c . These findings expand the application scope of low-symmetry crystals with the benefits that an exfoliable material provides, such as stronger field confinement, tunability, and versatility for its incorporation in complex photonic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pablo Díaz-Núñez and Christian Lanza and Ziwei Wang and Vasyl G. Kravets and Jiahua Duan and José Álvarez-Cuervo and Aitana Tarazaga Martín-Luengo and Alexander N. Grigorenko and Qian Yang and Alexander Paarmann and Joshua Caldwell and Pablo Alonso-González and Artem Mishchenko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3452}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw3452}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Visualization of topological shear polaritons in gypsum thin films}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Superstructural phase transitions in polymer-grafted nanooctahedra. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw2740. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Superlattices of polyhedral nanocrystals exhibit emergent properties defined by their structural arrangements, but native nanocrystal ligands often limit their programmability. Polymeric ligands address this limitation by enabling tunable nanocrystal softness through modifications of polymer molecular weight and grafting density. Here, we investigate phase transitions in polymer-grafted nanooctahedra by varying polymer length, nanocrystal size, truncation, and ligand density. In two-dimensional superlattices, longer polymers or smaller nanooctahedra induce a transition from orientationally ordered to hexagonal rotator lattices. In three-dimensional superlattices, increasing polymer length drives transitions from Minkowski to body-centered cubic and plastic hexagonal close-packed phases, while higher grafting densities further enable transitions to simple hexagonal phases. Polymer brush and thermodynamic perturbation theories, supported by Monte Carlo simulations, uncover the entropic and enthalpic forces that govern these transitions. This work highlights the versatility of polymer-grafted anisotropic nanocrystals as building blocks for designing hierarchical superstructures and metamaterials with customizable properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baixu Zhu and Jun Chen and Ruipeng Li and Jarett Ren and Yi Wang and Yaxu Zhong and Yang Liu and Akira Yasuhara and Mayu Kakefuda and Yoshitaka Aoyama and Thi Vo and Xingchen Ye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2740}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw2740}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Superstructural phase transitions in polymer-grafted nanooctahedra}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A wearable device for continuous immunoassay-based monitoring of C-peptide in interstitial fluid. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw2182. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {C-peptide is a critical biomarker for evaluating pancreatic β cell function and managing diabetes. However, conventional methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are limited by lengthy processing times and the necessity for invasive sample collection. This study introduces a regenerable, portable, and wearable device for minimally invasive, real-time monitoring of C-peptide in dermal interstitial fluid (ISF). The device uses a microneedle array and negative pressure extraction for ISF collection. A double-antibody sandwich approach was used to detect C-peptide, and an antibody regeneration strategy was applied to remove bound antigen-antibody complexes, thereby achieving repeatable detection, enabling at least 10 detection assays on the same chip with negligible signal attenuation. The compact design features a skin contact area of only 3 cm by 5.4 cm and excellent biocompatibility. Integrated with a mobile app, the device provides real-time concentration reading. Mouse and rabbit tests confirm effective ISF sampling and monitoring accuracy, demonstrating its potential for at-home diabetes management and broader wearable biosensing applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shengbo Chen and Ziyu Guo and Boxi Lu and Mengsi Sun and Saijie Wang and Shunhang Li and Yizhou Jiang and Qiwu Wei and Dou Wang and Xingyu Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2182}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw2182}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A wearable device for continuous immunoassay-based monitoring of C-peptide in interstitial fluid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AI-powered skin spectral imaging enables instant sepsis diagnosis and outcome prediction in critically ill patients. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw1968. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {With sepsis remaining a leading cause of mortality, early identification of patients with sepsis and those at high risk of death is a challenge of high socioeconomic importance. Given the potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to monitor microcirculatory alterations, we propose a deep learning approach to automated sepsis diagnosis and mortality prediction using a single HSI cube acquired within seconds. In a prospective observational study, we collected HSI data from the palms and fingers of more than 480 intensive care unit patients. Neural networks applied to HSI measurements predicted sepsis and mortality with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) of 0.80 and 0.72, respectively. Performance improved substantially with additional clinical data, reaching AUROCs of 0.94 for sepsis and 0.83 for mortality. We conclude that deep learning–based HSI analysis enables rapid and noninvasive prediction of sepsis and mortality, with a potential clinical value for enhancing diagnosis and treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Silvia Seidlitz and Katharina Hölzl and Ayca von Garrel and Jan Sellner and Stephan Katzenschlager and Tobias Hölle and Dania Fischer and Maik von der Forst and Felix C. F. Schmitt and Alexander Studier-Fischer and Markus A. Weigand and Lena Maier-Hein and Maximilian Dietrich}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1968}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw1968}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AI-powered skin spectral imaging enables instant sepsis diagnosis and outcome prediction in critically ill patients}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Temporally programmed STING nanoadjuvant delivery unlocks synergistic chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw0797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists have attracted notable attention for their potent immune activation capabilities. However, their clinical application is hindered by systemic toxicity and delivery inefficiencies. We addressed these challenges by developing a lymph node–targeted STING agonist nanoadjuvant (Mn/MSA-2@Lipo) combined with a temporally optimized delivery strategy. Mn/MSA-2@Lipo uses manganese ions to amplify STING pathway activation while achieving efficient lymph node accumulation and antigen presentation. We first induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) through chemotherapy to release tumor antigens, followed by the administration of the nanoadjuvant at an optimized time interval, the approach effectively synchronizes dendritic cell (DC) antigen uptake and maturation. This combination therapy notably enhanced antitumor immunity in melanoma and breast cancer models, achieving complete tumor regression and inducing long-lasting immune memory, all while demonstrating an excellent safety profile. Our findings highlight the critical importance of delivery timing optimization, offering a promising strategy for the clinical translation of STING agonists and the design of advanced immunotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zimeng Yang and Hengzhi Liu and Shuo Li and Zhaochu Xu and Wenxiao Li and Yubo Liu and Qingzhi Lv and Hongzhuo Liu and Zhonggui He and Yongjun Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw0797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Temporally programmed STING nanoadjuvant delivery unlocks synergistic chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stability and decay of subradiant patterns in a quantum gas with photon-mediated interactions. SCIADV, 11(29), eadw0299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metastability and its relaxation mechanisms challenge our understanding of the stability of quantum many-body systems, revealing a gap between the microscopic dynamics of the individual components and the effective descriptions used for macroscopic observables. We observe excited self-ordered subradiant patterns in a quantum gas coupled to two optical cavities and report lifetimes far beyond the system’s typical timescales. These patterns eventually decay through an abrupt transition reordering the atoms into a superradiant phase. Ab initio theory fully captures this macroscopic behavior, revealing that the subradiant patterns are stabilized by photon-mediated long-range interactions, thereby manifesting universal features of metastability characteristic of long-range interacting systems, as in astrophysics and plasma physics. Our work sheds light on the microscopic mechanisms stabilizing quantum states of matter and highlights the potential of photon-mediated forces for engineering correlations in many-body quantum systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Baumgärtner and Simon Hertlein and Tom Schmit and Davide Dreon and Carlos Máximo and Xiangliang Li and Giovanna Morigi and Tobias Donner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadw0299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stability and decay of subradiant patterns in a quantum gas with photon-mediated interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptive reward representations integrate expected uncertainty signals in orbitofrontal cortex. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv9590. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Incorporating expected uncertainty into reward evaluation is critical for adaptive learning and behavior. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) represents reward attributes, such as delay and magnitude, alongside expected uncertainties about upcoming rewards, serving its established role in both value- and risk-based behaviors. However, the cellular basis of how reward and uncertainty interact remains unclear. To investigate, we trained rats on a task where odor cues predicted sucrose rewards with varying uncertainties in delay or magnitude. Single-unit recordings revealed that many OFC neurons encoded expected uncertainties related to reward delay or magnitude. Population-level analysis showed distinct neural codes for delay and magnitude uncertainties, separate from those for reward delay and magnitude. Signals for each reward attribute and associated uncertainty converged onto the same neurons, reducing the sensitivity of delay and magnitude encoding as uncertainty increased. These findings suggest a cellular-level computation in OFC neurons, whereby uncertainty signals are integrated into attribute-specific reward representations, potentially supporting flexible learning and risk control.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qianru Zhang and Jingfeng Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9590}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv9590}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptive reward representations integrate expected uncertainty signals in orbitofrontal cortex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Image-based inference of tumor cell trajectories enables large-scale cancer progression analysis. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv9466. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current approaches to estimating cell trajectories, tumor progression dynamics, and cell population diversity of tumor microenvironment often depend on single-cell RNA sequencing, which is costly and resource intensive. To address this limitation, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model that leverages cell morphology features and histological spatial organization to classify tumor cell differentiation status, infer cell dynamic trajectories, and quantify tumor progression from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained whole-slide images. In three independent lung adenocarcinoma cohorts, our AI-based model accurately predicted cell differential status and provided quantifiable measures of tumor progression that were prognostic of patient survival. Spatial transcriptomic integrative analyses revealed cell components and gene signatures enriched in different cell differentiation statuses. Bulk transcriptomic analyses revealed that fast-progressing tumors exhibit up-regulated cell cycle pathways, while slow-progressing tumors retain characteristics of normal lung epithelium. This cost-effective method enables large-scale analysis of tumor progression dynamics using routinely collected pathology slides and provides insights into intratumor heterogeneity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Liu and Ling Cai and Ruichen Rong and Shidan Wang and Liwei Jia and Peiran Quan and Qin Zhou and Guanghua Xiao and Yang Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9466}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv9466}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Image-based inference of tumor cell trajectories enables large-scale cancer progression analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Architecture mechanics mediated osteogenic progression in bone regeneration of artificial scaffolds. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv8804. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Scaffold architecture exerts a considerable influence on the osteogenic effect through stress transmission, as the deformation of scaffolds alters the mechanical microenvironment of cells adhering to scaffold surface. Despite extensive research on bone regeneration influenced by scaffold architecture, present studies have not addressed the biological mechanism underlying scaffold architecture-induced stress stimulation (SASS) on cells yet, posing a great challenge in revealing the biomechanical cues between scaffold architecture and osteogenic progression. Therefore, graphite, fullerene, and diamond scaffolds with gradient stress stimulation to cells after deformation were prepared. The cellular biomechanical mechanisms of SASS through single-cell RNA sequencing indicated that architectures providing SASS can induce the enrichment of focal adhesion and osteogenic differentiation pathways of bone mesenchymal stem cells and balance bone resorption of osteoclasts and bone formation of osteoblasts. Besides, SASS enhances bone regeneration for repairing critical-sized defects in vivo. These results provide insights for artificial bone scaffold design and clarify the biomechanical cues between SASS and osteogenic progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Si-Yu Long and Ya-Jun Fu and Zheng-Min Zhang and Rui Tang and Peng Yu and Wei Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8804}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv8804}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Architecture mechanics mediated osteogenic progression in bone regeneration of artificial scaffolds}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insights into the spool-like architecture and infection strategy of an enveloped archaeal virus. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv7326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Archaeal viruses are well known for their diverse morphologies and extreme stability. Here, we used cryo–electron tomography to analyze the structure of Sulfolobus ellipsoid virus 1 (SEV1), an archaeal virus with an ellipsoidal shape and a lipid envelope, and its infection strategy. We show that the SEV1 nucleocapsid adopts a “coil-stacking” architecture with substantial flexibility. The major capsid protein VP4, whose homologs are widespread in the thermoacidic environments around the Pacific Rim, binds genomic DNA in the formation of a nucleoprotein filament with a “beads-on-a-string” appearance. The virion is notably stable at high temperature and acidic pH, and the envelope of SEV1 is crucial to the thermostability of the virion. The infected cell undergoes cytoplasmic condensation to form patches associated with the assembly intermediates of the progeny virions. The nascent virions are released through virus-associated pyramids (VAPs), which are constructed of an SEV1 protein distinctly different at the amino acid sequence level from other known VAP proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haonan Zhang and Haina Wang and Yan Li and Yunxuan Fan and Zhenfeng Zhang and Hongyu Chen and Kai Song and Li Huang and Ping Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv7326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insights into the spool-like architecture and infection strategy of an enveloped archaeal virus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enabling an ultraefficient lithium-selective construction through electric field–assisted ion control. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv6646. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Membranes with precise ion transport behaviors are regarded as an alternative for lithium (Li) extraction from water streams. Current membranes demonstrate limited viability due to the lack of efficient Li + -selective architectures. We propose an electric field–assisted ion control hypothesis in reinforcing ultraefficient Li + -selective membranes, in which an ionized zeolitic imidazolate framework layer (Q-PEI@ZIF) is constructed via polyethylenimine (PEI) in situ confinement conversion and subsequent quaternization of 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. In electrodialysis at 5 milliampere per square centimeter, the resulting membrane Q(5%)-PEI(1.0)@ZIF#CEM shows that the ion permeation rates follow the order of K + ~ Li + > Na + > Ca 2+ ~ Mg 2+ , corresponding to 0.31, 0.30, 0.25, 0, and 0 mole per square meter per hour in 120 minutes, respectively. With a 25-millimolar Li + /Mg 2+ mixed solution, it exhibits an unprecedented Li + /Mg 2+ permselectivity of 20,000 and 99.99% purity of Li + product in 120 minutes. This study expands the hypothesis of electric field–assisted ion control in enabling an ultraefficient Li + -selective construction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan Zhao and Xue Yan and Lei Xia and Yangbo Qiu and Shuang Zheng and Gang Lu and Yaoming Wang and Yang Zhang and Jiangnan Shen and Xi Zhang and Xing Yang and Jefferson Zhe Liu and Raf Dewil and Congjie Gao and Bart Van der Bruggen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6646}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv6646}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enabling an ultraefficient lithium-selective construction through electric field–assisted ion control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heterochronic parabiosis uncovers AdipoR1 as a critical player in retinal rejuvenation. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv6642. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aging induces substantial structural and functional decline in the retina, yet the molecular drivers of this process remain elusive. In this study, we used heterochronic parabiosis (HP) combined with single-cell RNA sequencing to generate comprehensive transcriptomic profiles of murine retinas from young, aged, and HP pairs, aiming to identify antiaging targets. Our analysis revealed extensive transcriptional alterations across retinal cell types with aging. HP experiments demonstrated that systemic factors from young mice rejuvenated aged retinas and alleviated senescent phenotypes, while aged blood accelerated aging in young mice. Integrative analysis pinpointed adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and the downstream adenosine 5′-monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway as central to the molecular mechanisms underlying retinal rejuvenation. Treatment with the AdipoR1 agonist AdipoRon reversed retinal aging. Mechanistically, AdipoR1-AMPK activation promoted mitochondrial function, contributing to the restoration of youthful cellular phenotypes. Together, our study identifies AdipoR1 as a therapeutic target for retinal aging and provides insights into the molecular programs driving retinal rejuvenation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yidan Liu and Xiuxing Liu and Jianjie Lv and Qi Zhang and Zhenlan Yang and Xuhao Chen and Chenyang Gu and Chun Zhang and Yehong Zhuo and Wenru Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6642}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv6642}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heterochronic parabiosis uncovers AdipoR1 as a critical player in retinal rejuvenation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Long-term dynamics of earthquake swarms in the yellowstone caldera. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv6484. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The factors controlling the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of earthquake swarms in volcanic systems remain unclear. We leverage leading-edge deep learning algorithms and a detailed three-dimensional velocity model to construct a 15-year high-resolution earthquake catalog of the Yellowstone caldera region. More than half of the region’s earthquakes are clustered into swarm-like families characterized by episodes of hypocenter expansion and migration. Adjacent earthquake swarms, separated by long quiescent periods, are found to be a dominant feature. We suggest that these swarms are controlled by the interplay between slowly diffusing aqueous fluids and rapid episodic fluid injections, which may result from the breaking of permeability seals. Our analyses also indicate that clustered seismicity beneath the caldera occurs on relatively immature, rougher fault structures, compared to more planar faults outside. Our results provide additional context for understanding seismicity in hydrothermal systems, highlighting the key role played by long-term fluid diffusion processes in driving the occurrence of earthquake swarms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manuel A. Florez and Bing Q. Li and David R. Shelly and Mia V. Angulo and José D. Sanabria-Gómez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6484}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv6484}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Long-term dynamics of earthquake swarms in the yellowstone caldera}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ternary schottky-p-n heterojunction strategy for enhancing photothermal dry reforming of methane. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv5078. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Breaking the trade-off between activity and stability in catalysts for dry reforming of methane has long remained a huge challenge. Here, we demonstrate a ternary Schottky-p-n (TSPN) heterojunction strategy based on Ni-NiO-Sr 2 Nb 2 O 7 (NiO x /SNO) for photothermal dry reforming of methane. This approach achieves a stable syngas production rate of 10.54 moles per gram per hour, with a light-to-fuel efficiency of 28.3% and a CH 4 turnover frequency of 18 per second at 500°C generated by concentrated light irradiation. This low-temperature, high-rate activity benefits from the photoaccelerated CH 4 -to-H 2 process facilitated by the synergistic effect of NiO and Ni 0 . Furthermore, the light-induced spatial separation of dual reduction sites for CO 2 reduction (SNO) and H 2 evolution (Ni 0 ) suppresses the reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction, ensuring continuous supply of active oxygen and improving reaction stability. This finding is expected to substantially promote low-temperature photothermal catalytic technology in enhancing the selective conversion efficiency of C 1 molecules.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qingqing Zhang and Ziyu Chen and Yutao Ye and Chang Xu and Cong Liu and Xiaoming Cao and Jinlong Zhang and Juying Lei and Ziwei Ye and Lingzhi Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5078}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv5078}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ternary schottky-p-n heterojunction strategy for enhancing photothermal dry reforming of methane}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NRBP1 pseudokinase binds to and activates the WNK pathway in response to osmotic stress. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv4636. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {WNK family kinases are regulated by osmotic stress and control ion homeostasis by activating SPAK and OXSR1 kinases. Using a proximity labeling approach, we found that osmotic stress promotes the association of WNK1 with the NRBP1 pseudokinase and TSC22D2/4 adaptor proteins, results that are confirmed by immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and immunoblotting studies. NRBP1 pseudokinase is closely related to WNK isoforms and contains a RΦ-motif–binding conserved C-terminal (CCT) domain, like the CCT domains in WNKs, SPAK, and OXSR1. Knockdown or knockout of NRBP1 markedly inhibited basal as well as sorbitol-induced activation of WNK1 and downstream components. We demonstrate that recombinant NRBP1 can directly induce the activation of WNK4 in vitro. AlphaFold-3 modeling predicts that WNK1, SPAK, NRBP1, and TSC22D4 form a complex, in which two TSC22D4 RΦ-motifs interact with the CCTL1 domain of WNK1 and the CCT domain of NRBP1. Our data indicate that NRBP1 and likely its close homolog NRBP2 function as an upstream activator of the WNK pathway.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ramchandra V. Amnekar and Toby Dite and Pawel Lis and Sebastian Bell and Fiona Brown and Clare Johnson and Stuart Wilkinson and Samantha Raggett and Mark Dorward and Mel Wightman and Thomas Macartney and Renata F. Soares and Frederic Lamoliatte and Dario R. Alessi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4636}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv4636}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NRBP1 pseudokinase binds to and activates the WNK pathway in response to osmotic stress}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Understanding silicone elastomer curing and adhesion for stronger soft devices. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv2681. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Silicone elastomers are widely used in biomedical devices and soft machines because of their compliance, inertness, and biocompatibility. Their sol-gel transition during curing enables mold casting and layer-by-layer manufacturing, allowing the fabrication of fully elastomeric and hybrid soft-rigid devices. However, controlling adhesion at material interfaces remains elusive, especially under diverse temperature conditions. This study introduces a framework that relates adhesion strength to a dimensionless reaction coordinate coupling time and temperature. This reaction coordinate can be used to predict the transition from bulk fracture to adhesive failure, which is crucial to create robust devices with strong interfaces. Using this framework, we fabricated elastomeric robotic actuators and demonstrated 3D printing with direct ink writing. The actuators achieved 50% higher curvature with the same design, and the 3D-printed parts exhibited over 200% improvement in interlayer adhesion. This work serves as a tool for optimizing interfacial adhesion for soft materials across different fabrication approaches.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Te Faye Yap and Jasmine Klinkao and Sofia Urbina and Neethu T. Pottackal and Marquise D. Bell and Anoop Rajappan and Denizhan Yavas and Daniel J. Preston}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2681}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv2681}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Understanding silicone elastomer curing and adhesion for stronger soft devices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multicellular muscle-tendon bioprinting of mechanically optimized musculoskeletal bioactuators with enhanced force transmission. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv2628. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biohybrid actuators leveraging living muscle tissue offer the potential to replicate natural motion for biomedical and robotic applications. However, challenges such as limited force output and inefficient force transfer at tissue interfaces persist. The myotendinous junction, a specialized interface connecting muscle to the tendon, plays a critical role in efficient force transmission for movement. Engineering muscle-tendon units in vitro is essential for replicating native musculoskeletal functions in biohybrid actuators. Here, we present a three-dimensionally bioprinted system integrating skeletal muscle tissue with tendon-mimicking anchors containing fibroblasts, forming a biomimetic interdigitated myotendinous junction. Using computational models, we optimized muscle geometries to enhance deformation and force generation. The engineered system improved mechanical stability, myofiber maturation, and force transmission, generating contractile forces of up to 350 micronewtons over a 3-month period. This work highlights how biomimetic designs and mechanical optimization can advance bioactuator technologies for applications in medicine and robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Miriam Filippi and Diana Mock and Judith Fuentes and Mike Y. Michelis and Aiste Balciunaite and Pablo Paniagua and Raoul Hopf and Adina Barteld and Selina Eng and Asia Badolato and Jess Snedeker and Maria Guix and Samuel Sanchez and Robert K. Katzschmann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2628}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv2628}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multicellular muscle-tendon bioprinting of mechanically optimized musculoskeletal bioactuators with enhanced force transmission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NRBP1 and TSC22D proteins affect distal convoluted tubule physiology through modulation of the WNK pathway. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv2083. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The with-no-lysine (K) (WNK) kinases regulate processes such as cell volume and epithelial ion transport through the modulation of cation chloride cotransporters such as the NaCl cotransporter (NCC) present in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the kidney. Recently, the interaction of WNKs with nuclear receptor binding protein 1 (NRBP1) and transforming growth factor–β–stimulated clone 22 domain (TSC22D) proteins was reported. Here, we explored the effect of NRBP1 and TSC22Ds on WNK signaling in vitro and in the DCT. TSC22D1.1, TSC22D2, and NRBP1 are localized in DCT WNK bodies, which are cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates associated with WNK activation. In HEK293 cells, long TSC22D isoforms and NRBP1 increase WNK4 activity. DCT-specific NRBP1-knockout mice have reduced NCC phosphorylation and activate a compensatory response. Thus, NRBP1 and long TSC22D proteins are positive modulators of WNK signaling and modulate Na + reabsorption in the kidney. NRBP1 and TSC22Ds likely influence WNK signaling in other tissues, affecting various physiological processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Germán Magaña-Ávila and Héctor Carbajal-Contreras and Ramchandra V. Amnekar and Toby Dite and Michelle Téllez-Sutterlin and Kevin García-Ávila and Brenda Marquina-Castillo and Alejandro Lopez-Saavedra and Norma Vazquez and Eréndira Rojas-Ortega and Eric Delpire and David H. Ellison and Dario R. Alessi and Gerardo Gamba and María Castañeda-Bueno}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2083}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv2083}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NRBP1 and TSC22D proteins affect distal convoluted tubule physiology through modulation of the WNK pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CHI3L1/YKL-40 signaling inhibits neurogenesis in models of alzheimer’s disease. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv1492. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CHI3L1/YKL-40 is an astrocyte-secreted glycoprotein recognized as a biomarker of CNS inflammation and implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cognitive decline. However, its precise pathological role remains unclear. Here, we investigate CHI3L1’s function and its therapeutic potential in AD using both human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neurogenesis models and in vivo conditional AD mouse models, with astrocyte-specific CHI3L1 knockout, alongside 5XFAD mice. Our data reveal that CHI3L1 secretion by astrocytes impairs neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and neuronal differentiation by activating the CRTH2 receptor, which triggers a downstream cascade involving IKKβ, S6K1, and S6 phosphorylation. This cascade depletes the NSC pool in the hippocampus, thereby reducing neurogenesis. Notably, targeting astrocytic CHI3L1 or blocking CRTH2 and its downstream effectors substantially restored neurogenesis and cognitive function, highlighting CHI3L1 as a promising therapeutic target for AD and related neurodegenerative disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xin Yang and Wei Jiang and Yuhan Li and Chun Geun Lee and Jack A. Elias and Changyong Tang and Yu-Wen Alvin Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1492}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv1492}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CHI3L1/YKL-40 signaling inhibits neurogenesis in models of alzheimer’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aphid effectors suppress plant immunity via recruiting defense proteins to processing bodies. SCIADV, 11(29), eadv1447. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aphids are small insects that have developed specialized mouthparts and effector proteins to establish long-term relationships with plants. The peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae is a generalist, feeding on many plant species and capable of transmitting numerous pathogens. This study reveals how host-responsive cathepsin B (CathB) proteins in the oral secretions of M. persicae facilitate aphid survival by modulating plant immune responses. Host-responsive CathB proteins localize to plant processing bodies (p-bodies), cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules involved in messenger RNA storage or decay. Upon localization, these CathB proteins recruit key immune regulators EDS1, PAD4, and ADR1 to these bodies, suppressing plant defenses. A plant protein, Acd28.9 (Hsp20 family), counteracts this CathB activity and contributes to plant resistance to aphids. These findings highlight an unexpected role for p-bodies in plant immunity and uncover a plant resistance mechanism to aphid infestation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qun Liu and Anna C. M. Neefjes and Archana Singh and Roksolana Kobylinska and Sam T. Mugford and Mar Marzo and James Canham and Mariana Schuster and Renier A. L. van der Hoorn and Yazhou Chen and Saskia A. Hogenhout}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1447}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadv1447}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aphid effectors suppress plant immunity via recruiting defense proteins to processing bodies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tetanus-driven biohybrid multijoint robots powered by muscle rings with enhanced contractile force. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu9962. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biohybrid actuators using muscle rings have been limited to twitching movements and are unsuitable for sustained contractile force applications. In this study, we developed muscle rings capable of generating high contractile forces under tetanus stimulation. By enhancing the rigidity of pillar-shaped supports and increasing myoblast density through reduced extracellular matrix, we promoted the formation of dense, well-aligned muscle fiber bundles. The optimized muscle rings exhibited higher contractile forces compared to traditional methods. Integrating these muscle rings with C-shaped anchors efficiently converted contractile force into bending motion. We demonstrated the application of these muscle rings in gripper- and slither-type biohybrid robots, achieving large deformation and undulatory movement. This work advances biohybrid robotics by enabling sophisticated movements requiring continuous and powerful muscle contractions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tomohiro Morita and Minghao Nie and Shoji Takeuchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9962}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu9962}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tetanus-driven biohybrid multijoint robots powered by muscle rings with enhanced contractile force}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lattice structure musculoskeletal robots: Harnessing programmable geometric topology and anisotropy. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu9856. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Natural musculoskeletal systems combine soft tissues and rigid structures to achieve diverse mechanical behaviors that are both adaptive and precise. Inspired by these systems, we propose a programming method for designing bioinspired soft-rigid robotic structures using lattice geometries made from a single material. By introducing previously unknown approaches to the geometric design of unit cells within lattice structures—based on continuous blending and superposition of existing lattice geometries—we can precisely tune stiffness and anisotropy. These designs enable the creation of three-dimensional structures with spatially varying mechanical properties, ranging from tissue-like compliance to rigid, bone-like load-bearing capabilities. Using these methods, we fabricated a musculoskeletal-inspired tendon-driven robotic elephant that integrates joints with programmable bending profiles, achieving a continuously soft trunk. Our lattice geometry generation techniques allow for over 1 million discrete configurations and infinite geometric variations, offering a scalable solution for designing lightweight, adaptable robots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qinghua Guan and Benhui Dai and Hung Hon Cheng and Josie Hughes}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9856}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu9856}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lattice structure musculoskeletal robots: Harnessing programmable geometric topology and anisotropy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A forward-engineered, muscle-driven soft robotic swimmer. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu8634. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The field of biohybrid robotics focuses on using biological actuators to study the emergent properties of tissues and the locomotion of living organisms. On the basis of models of swimming at small size scales, we designed and fabricated a muscle-powered, flagellate swimmer. We investigate the design of a compliant mechanism based on nonlinear mechanics and its mechanical integration with a muscle ring and motor neurons. We find that within a range of anchor stiffnesses around 1 micronewton per micrometer, the homeostatic tension in muscle is insensitive to stiffness, offering greater design flexibility. The proximity of motor neurons results in a fourfold improvement in muscle contractility. Improved contractility and nonlinear design allow for a peak swimming speed about two orders of magnitude higher than previous biohybrid flagellate swimmers, reaching 0.58 body lengths per minute (86.8 micrometers per second), by a mechanism involving inertia that we verify through flow field imaging. This swimmer opens the door for a class of intermediate–Reynolds number swimmers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William Cartwright Drennan and Onur Aydin and Bashar Emon and Zhengwei Li and Md Saddam Hossain Joy and Alexandra Barishman and Yelim Kim and Margaret Wei and Danette Denham and Annika Carrillo and M. Taher A. Saif}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8634}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu8634}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A forward-engineered, muscle-driven soft robotic swimmer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrastrong and ductile precipitation-hardened alloy via high antiphase boundary energy. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu7566. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coherent precipitation-hardened alloys often struggle to achieve both ultrahigh strength and exceptional ductility due to their limited resistance to dislocation motion and vulnerability to glide plane softening. Here, we tackle these challenges by introducing multicomponent precipitates with much increased antiphase boundary (APB) energy. In a model Ni 3 Al-type (L1 2 ) precipitation-hardened face-centered cubic (FCC) NiCo-based alloy, we incorporate multiple elements at the Al sublattice sites within the precipitates, reducing antisite defects and enhancing ordering degree. This process yields multicomponent precipitates with an ultrahigh APB energy (~308 ± 14 millijoules per square meter), which notably strengthens the alloy. Moreover, the exceptionally high APB energy transforms the deformation mechanism from dislocation shearing to stacking fault shearing, thereby avoiding glide plane softening. These result in a tensile yield strength of 1616 ± 9 megapascals, an ultimate tensile strength of 2155 ± 22 megapascals, and a uniform elongation of 10.1 ± 0.3% for the alloy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuai Dai and Yunzhu Shi and Junyang He and Jie Hou and Fei Zhang and Zhenggang Wu and Chao Ma and Shaofei Liu and Alexander Schökel and Yan Ma and Shaolou Wei and Claudio Pistidda and Zhifeng Lei and Zhaoping Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7566}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu7566}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrastrong and ductile precipitation-hardened alloy via high antiphase boundary energy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Is sex at birth a biological coin toss? insights from a longitudinal and GWAS analysis. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu7402. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Some families consistently have offspring of only one sex, raising questions about whether sex at birth is truly random. This study investigated whether offspring sex follows a simple binomial distribution within families and identified maternal factors associated with unisexual sibships. We analyzed 58,007 US women with two or more singleton live births (146,064 pregnancies, 1956–2015). Offspring sex followed a beta-binomial rather than a simple binomial distribution, indicating that each family may have a unique probability of male or female births, akin to a weighted coin toss. Deviations from simple binomial distribution were more pronounced when we excluded each woman’s last birth to reduce the influence of sex-based stopping behavior. After excluding the last birth, older maternal age at first birth was associated with higher odds of having offspring of only one sex. A genome-wide association study identified maternal SNPs linked to having female-only ( NSUN6 ) and male-only ( TSHZ1 ) offspring. Our findings suggest maternal factors influence offspring sex distributions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siwen Wang and Bernard A. Rosner and Hongyan Huang and Janet W. Rich-Edwards and Francine Laden and Jaime E. Hart and Kathryn L. Penney and Jorge E. Chavarro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7402}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu7402}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Is sex at birth a biological coin toss? insights from a longitudinal and GWAS analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robot metabolism: Toward machines that can grow by consuming other machines. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu6897. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological lifeforms can heal, grow, adapt, and reproduce, which are abilities essential for sustained survival and development. In contrast, robots today are primarily monolithic machines with limited ability to self-repair, physically develop, or incorporate material from their environments. While robot minds rapidly evolve new behaviors through artificial intelligence, their bodies remain closed systems, unable to systematically integrate material to grow or heal. We argue that open-ended physical adaptation is only possible when robots are designed using a small repertoire of simple modules. This allows machines to mechanically adapt by consuming parts from other machines or their surroundings and shed broken components. We demonstrate this principle on a truss modular robot platform. We show how robots can grow bigger, faster, and more capable by consuming materials from their environment and other robots. We suggest that machine metabolic processes like those demonstrated here will be an essential part of any sustained future robot ecology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philippe Martin Wyder and Riyaan Bakhda and Meiqi Zhao and Quinn A. Booth and Matthew E. Modi and Andrew Song and Simon Kang and Jiahao Wu and Priya Patel and Robert T. Kasumi and David Yi and Nihar Niraj Garg and Pranav Jhunjhunwala and Siddharth Bhutoria and Evan H. Tong and Yuhang Hu and Judah Goldfeder and Omer Mustel and Donghan Kim and Hod Lipson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6897}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu6897}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robot metabolism: Toward machines that can grow by consuming other machines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Endogenous retrovirus-like proteins recruit UBQLN2 to stress granules and shape their functional biology. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu6354. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human genome is replete with sequences derived from foreign elements including endogenous retrovirus-like proteins of unknown function. Here, we show that UBQLN2, a ubiquitin-proteasome shuttle factor implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, is regulated by the linked actions of two retrovirus-like proteins, retrotransposon gag-like 8 (RTL8) and paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10). RTL8 confers on UBQLN2 the ability to complex with and regulate PEG10. PEG10, a core component of stress granules, drives the recruitment of UBQLN2 to stress granules under various stress conditions but can only do so when RTL8 is present. Changes in UBQLN2, RTL8, or PEG10 levels further remodel the kinetics of stress granule disassembly and translation recovery. PEG10 also alters overall stress granule composition by incorporating select extracellular vesicle proteins. Within stress granules, PEG10 forms virus-like particles, underscoring the structural heterogeneity of this class of biomolecular condensates. Together, these results reveal an unexpected link between pathways of cellular proteostasis and endogenous retrovirus-like proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Harihar M. Mohan and Martin G. Fernandez and Camellia Huang and Rita Lin and Jaimie H. Ryou and Donald Seyfried and Nikolas Grotewold and Anna J. Barget and Alexandra M. Whiteley and Venkatesha Basrur and Shyamal Mosalaganti and Henry L. Paulson and Lisa M. Sharkey}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6354}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu6354}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Endogenous retrovirus-like proteins recruit UBQLN2 to stress granules and shape their functional biology}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acoustic technologies for the orchestration of cellular functions for therapeutic applications. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu4759. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mechanical forces constantly stimulate cellular functions and influence their response behaviors. Similar to how an orchestra’s music synchronizes an audience, acoustic technologies have emerged as precise, contact-free tools to study cellular responses. These platforms generate forces at appropriate length and frequency scales, enabling precise interactions with cells. Recent advancements highlight their potential for regulating cellular functions, revealing both therapeutic promise and the need for further biochemical exploration. This review summarizes the progress in using acoustic technologies to orchestrate cellular functions in vitro through mechanical stimulation. We first introduce the main categories of acoustic platforms and their working principles in cellular research. Subsequently, we explore the fundamental mechanisms linking acoustics to specific cellular interactions. We then review recent applications of these technologies in precisely modulating cellular functions for therapeutic purposes. Last, we discuss strategies to enhance their performance and efficacy, along with their potential integration with other biomedical tools.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ye He and Jianping Xia and John D. H. Mai and Neil Upreti and Luke P. Lee and Tony Jun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4759}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu4759}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acoustic technologies for the orchestration of cellular functions for therapeutic applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soft multistable magnetic-responsive metamaterials. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu3749. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The wireless actuation of magnetic soft architectures can enable complex functionalities important in biomedicine and soft robotics. However, transforming and maintaining a device’s desired geometry without a sustained energy input remains challenging, especially where environmental stresses can be unpredictable. Here, we create a soft multistable magnetic-responsive metamaterial with programmable energy barriers enabled by a bistable geometry made entirely from soft material. The multistability and magnetic programming enable the soft metamaterials to reversibly transform between stable states, even under mechanical and thermal stresses that far exceed physiological conditions. In addition, the metamaterials can sustain compressive loads more than 10 times their mass, achieve shape reconfiguration in remote and confined spaces, and wirelessly deliver fluids against pressure, suggesting a broad range of future biomedical and soft robot applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taylor E. Greenwood and Brian Elder and Md. Nahid Hasan and Jared Anklam and Saebom Lee and Jian Teng and Pai Wang and Yong Lin Kong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3749}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu3749}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soft multistable magnetic-responsive metamaterials}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiomic identification of senescent stem cell populations critical for osteoarthritis progression and therapy in subchondral bones. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu2294. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. Subchondral bone plays a critical role in maintaining joint homeostasis and influencing OA progression. Here, we investigated the role of senescence in mesenchyme-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) during OA progression, aiming to identify potential therapeutic targets. Histopathological evaluations and bioinformatic analyses of OA samples from both humans and mice revealed that EGFR + MDSPCs and EREG + macrophages constitute a senescent skeletal unit within the osteoarthritic articular subchondral bone. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that EREG promotes senescence and excessive osteogenesis in EGFR + MDSPCs. Moreover, interference with Ereg expression, via adeno-associated virus–mediated Ereg knockdown or genetic knockout in mice, significantly suppressed senescence of EGFR + MDSPCs in subchondral bone and alleviated both pathological sclerosis and pain in OA mice. Our findings indicate that MDSPC senescence in the subchondral bone is a key event driving OA progression, offering a valuable reference point to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for OA.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pei Lin Li and Jie Tang and Xiao Tong Li and Shi Rong Zhao and Run Xiang Xu and Zhi Dong Zhao and Zhong Li Li and Zhi Ling Li and Bo Feng Yin and Fu Hao Yu and Chu Tse Wu and Heng Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2294}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu2294}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiomic identification of senescent stem cell populations critical for osteoarthritis progression and therapy in subchondral bones}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Present-day earth mantle structure set up by crustal pollution of the basal magma ocean. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu2072. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The crystallization of a global magma ocean during early terrestrial planet evolution and the subsequent segregation of a longer-lived “basal magma ocean” (BMO) atop the core set up the evolution of the mantle-atmosphere system. Although seismic evidence for a BMO exists on present-day Mars and the Moon, the Earth’s BMO is (near-)completely solidified. Seismically observed “large low-velocity provinces” (LLVPs) are thought to have resulted from the canonical “fractional” style of BMO crystallization. However, we show using thermodynamic modeling that BMO fractional crystallization yields lowermost-mantle densities much higher than those of LLVPs. In turn, pollution of the BMO by progressive addition of recycled basaltic crust and related “reactive crystallization” can reconcile LLVP volumes, densities, and compositions. This model also makes testable predictions of the compositions of “ultralow-velocity zones,” enigmatic deep Earth seismic domains, and possible BMO remnants. The critical role of crustal pollution elucidates the survival of a BMO on Mars, but implies an Earth-like fate for any Venusian BMO.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maxim D. Ballmer and Rob J. Spaargaren and Ananya Mallik and Antonio Manjón-Cabeza Córdoba and Miki Nakajima and Kenny Vilella}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2072}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu2072}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Present-day earth mantle structure set up by crustal pollution of the basal magma ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nicotinamide boosts oocyte quantity and quality by promoting n4-acetylation modification in lupus mice. SCIADV, 11(29), eadu0955. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often have decreased fertility. Gene translation is crucial to oocyte meiosis and development. However, it remains unclear how SLE affects this process. Here, we used single-cell transcriptome and translatome sequencing to uncover a notable disruption in protein translation in oocytes from SLE mice, associated with the N 4 -acetylcytidine (ac 4 C) modification. Inhibition of ac 4 C levels in vitro substantially reduced oocyte translation efficiency. Notably, through trace-cell ac 4 C-RNA immunoprecipitation (acRIP) sequencing, we mapped the ac 4 C landscape in SLE mouse oocytes and found that deficient ac 4 C modification substantially impaired the translation of Zygote arrest 1 . Furthermore, we demonstrated that nicotinamide treatment notably and safely improved the quantity and quality of oocytes in SLE mice by enhancing ac 4 C modification levels. Our findings highlight the essential role of N - acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10)-mediated ac 4 C modification in abnormal oocyte development in SLE and suggest that nicotinamide holds promise for improving fertility in patients with SLE.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yun Xie and Chuanchuan Zhou and Qi Guo and Yingchun Guo and Jiayi Guo and Lina Chen and Xiaoping Liu and Yanyan Zeng and Qiqi Liang and Taibao Wu and Jiawen Liu and Xiaoyan Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0955}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadu0955}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nicotinamide boosts oocyte quantity and quality by promoting n4-acetylation modification in lupus mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-time color flow mapping of ultrasound microrobots. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt8887. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Visualization and tracking of microrobots in real time pose key challenges for surgical microrobotic systems, as existing imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and x-ray are unable to monitor microscale items with real-time resolution. Ultrasound imaging–guided drug administration represents a remarkable advancement in this respect, offering real-time visual feedback on invasive medical procedures. However, ultrasound imaging still faces substantial inherent limitations in spatial resolution and signal attenuation, which hinder extending this method to microrobot visualization. Here, we introduce an approach for visualizing individual microrobots in real time with color flow mapping ultrasound imaging based on acoustically induced structural oscillations of the microrobot generating a pseudo-Doppler signal. This approach enables the simultaneous localization and activation of bubble-based microrobots using two ultrasound sources operating at distinct frequency bandwidths. Our successful capture of microrobots measuring 60 to 80 micrometers in diameter reveals the potential of real-time ultrasonic imaging at the microscale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cornel Dillinger and Ahilan Rasaiah and Abigail Vogel and Chaimae Bahou and Katia Monastyrskaya and Ali Hashemi Gheinani and Daniel Ahmed}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8887}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt8887}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-time color flow mapping of ultrasound microrobots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CMOS-compatible flash-gated thyristor–based neuromorphic module with small area and low energy consumption for in-memory computing. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt8227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In-memory computing (IMC) is a technology that enables efficient analog vector-matrix multiplication (VMM). This field has been extensively researched to overcome the performance bottlenecks associated with traditional von Neumann architectures. In addition to analog VMM, combining efficient neuromorphic modules with memory is essential to enable a broader range of IMC operations. Here, we propose a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)–compatible flash-gated thyristor–based neuromorphic module (FGTNM) that combines various functions in neural networks, such as quantization, nonlinear activation, and max pooling into a single module. The FGTNM features a small footprint (53 square micrometers) and low energy consumption (9.1 femtojoules per operation), outperforming previous CMOS-based modules. System-level IMC using the FGTNM shows a high accuracy (89.97%) on CIFAR-10 classification. This work showcases the potential to co-integrate various devices (flash memory, flash-gated thyristor, n-type metal-oxide semiconductor, and p-type metal-oxide semiconductor) on a single wafer, which broadens the scope of IMC applications beyond analog VMM.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonghyun Ko and Jiseong Im and Jangsaeng Kim and Wonjun Shin and Ryun-Han Koo and Sung-Ho Park and Sung Yun Woo and Jong-Ho Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt8227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CMOS-compatible flash-gated thyristor–based neuromorphic module with small area and low energy consumption for in-memory computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A notch signal required for a morphological novelty in drosophila has antecedent functions in genital disc eversion. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt7825. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origin of morphological novelties has long fascinated biologists. Signaling pathways play important roles in the formation of novelties; however, the history of how they become integrated into new developmental programs remains unclear. Here, we investigated the evolution of the posterior lobe, a novel structure in the male genitalia of Drosophila melanogaster . We demonstrated that a Notch signaling center is required for the formation of this novelty and identified enhancers of the ligand Delta , which allowed us to track the evolutionary history of this signaling center. Unexpectedly, we found that the posterior lobe signaling center emerged from a preexisting role in genital disc eversion. We provide a likely mechanism by which Delta contributes to genital eversion through a network of apical extracellular matrix, which also became integrated into the posterior lobe program. This work demonstrates that novelties may be formed in the context of already complex developmental processes, by appending new roles to preexisting signals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Donya N. Shodja and William J. Glassford and Gavin Rice and Sarah J. Smith and Mark Rebeiz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7825}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt7825}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A notch signal required for a morphological novelty in drosophila has antecedent functions in genital disc eversion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seismic imaging reveals a strain-partitioned sliver and nascent megathrust at an incipient subduction zone in the northeast pacific. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt3003. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Queen Charlotte plate boundary (QCPB), a transform separating the Pacific and North American plates, accommodates ~55 millimeters per year of motion, is a source of large earthquakes in the northeast Pacific, and may be a modern site of subduction initiation. The southern QCPB experiences oblique convergence, showcased by the 1949 magnitude ( M ) 8.1 strike-slip earthquake and the 2012 M 7.8 tsunamigenic thrust earthquake, both offshore Haida Gwaii, British Columbia. We present seismic reflection images of the southern QCPB, which constrain the crustal structure in unprecedented detail. The Queen Charlotte Terrace is underthrust by oceanic crust topped by a throughgoing, low-angle plate-boundary thrust, which ruptured in the 2012 earthquake. The Queen Charlotte Terrace is analogous to strain-partitioned, thin-skinned forearc slivers seen at oblique subduction zones, captured between a localized plate-boundary thrust and a mature strike-slip fault. Our imaging suggests that the system rapidly evolved from distributed to partitioned strain and is currently an incipient subduction zone.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Collin C. Brandl and Lindsay L. Worthington and Emily C. Roland and Maureen A. L. Walton and Mladen R. Nedimović and Andrew C. Gase and Olumide Adedeji and Jose Castillo Castellanos and Benjamin J. Phrampus and Michael G. Bostock and Kelin Wang and Sarah Jaye Oliva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3003}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt3003}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seismic imaging reveals a strain-partitioned sliver and nascent megathrust at an incipient subduction zone in the northeast pacific}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pronounced methane cycling in northern lakes coincided with a rapid rise in atmospheric CH4 during the last deglacial warming. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt2561. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atmospheric methane concentration (AMC) surged by ~50% during the last deglaciation, with northern (>30°N) sources accounting for ~40% of the rise. However, hypothesized sources including expanding lakes, peatlands, and destabilized permafrost or hydrates fail to explain this rapid increase. We use biomarkers, isotopes, and radiocarbon data to reconstruct temperature change, methane cycling, and permafrost thaw from a Tibetan thermokarst lake. Radiocarbon evidence and ultradepleted δ 13 C values (−80.3 per mil) of methane-diagnostic lipids indicate intense cycling of ancient (~2500-year-old) methane during the Younger Dryas–Preboreal transition, coeval with the AMC surge and the most rapid warming. By contrast, methane cycling was weak during the Holocene Climatic Optimum despite peak temperatures. These findings imply that anomalously high rates of warming, rather than absolute temperature alone, may play an important role in triggering enhanced paleo-methane cycling. Rapid warming likely intensified emissions from existing northern lakes, fueling the elusive yet clearly amplified northern methane source that contributed to the deglacial abrupt rise in AMC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinwei Yan and Jianbao Liu and Wengang Kang and Xianyu Huang and Aifeng Zhou and Lin Chen and Jifeng Zhang and Haoran Dong and Zhitong Chen and Junjie Wu and Henry Holmstrand and Kathleen M. Rühland and John P. Smol and Fahu Chen and Örjan Gustafsson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2561}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt2561}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pronounced methane cycling in northern lakes coincided with a rapid rise in atmospheric CH4 during the last deglacial warming}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Modulating immune cell fate and inflammation through CRISPR-mediated DNA methylation editing. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt1644. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Immune cell differentiation and activation are associated with widespread DNA methylation changes; however, the causal relationship between these changes and their impact in shaping cell fate decisions still needs to be fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a genome-wide analysis to investigate the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression at gene regulatory regions in human immune cells. By using CRISPR-dCas9-TET1 and -DNMT3A epigenome editing tools, we successfully established a cause-and-effect relationship between the DNA methylation levels of the promoter of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist ( IL1RN ) gene and its expression. We observed that modifying the DNA methylation status of the IL1RN promoter is sufficient to alter human myeloid cell fate and change the cellular response to inflammatory and pathogenic stimuli. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the potential of targeting specific DNA methylation events to directly modulate immune and inflammatory responses, providing a proof of principle for intervening in a broad range of inflammation-related diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gemma Valcárcel and Aleksey Lazarenkov and Anna V. López-Rubio and Clara Berenguer and Josep Calafell-Segura and Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva and Esteban Ballestar and José Luis Sardina}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1644}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt1644}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Modulating immune cell fate and inflammation through CRISPR-mediated DNA methylation editing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Harnessing tissue-derived mitochondria-rich extracellular vesicles (Ti-mitoEVs) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis for regenerative medicine. SCIADV, 11(29), eadt1318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondrial damage is a critical pathological factor in various forms of tissue injury, and specific therapies with high biosafety are desirable. Inspired by the natural role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in regulating mitochondrial metabolism, we report that healthy tissue-derived mitochondria-rich EVs (Ti-mitoEVs) can boost mitochondrial biogenesis for regenerative medicine. Ti-mitoEVs that contain abundant functional mitochondria can be highly efficiently isolated from muscles via an optimized method. In vitro, Ti-mitoEV treatment increased mitochondrial biogenesis and reduced mitochondrial damage in recipient cells, and these effects occurred at least partly via mitochondrial genome transfer. In vivo, Ti-mitoEV treatment attenuated diverse types of tissue injury (e.g., muscle and kidney) by rescuing mitochondrial injury and its associated inflammation. As natural nanovesicles, the therapeutic potency of mitoEVs can be further improved by integrating them with other engineering methods. This study highlights the promising role of Ti-mitoEVs in boosting mitochondrial biogenesis, positioning them as potential therapies for treating various types of tissue injury characterized by mitochondrial damage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Lou and Xiyue Zhou and Yimeng Zhang and Yijing Xie and Yizhuo Wang and Chengshi Wang and Shuyun Liu and Meihua Wan and Yanrong Lu and Jingping Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadt1318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Harnessing tissue-derived mitochondria-rich extracellular vesicles (Ti-mitoEVs) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis for regenerative medicine}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A phylogenetic approach uncovers cryptic endogenous retrovirus subfamilies in the primate lineage. SCIADV, 11(29), eads9164. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current approaches for classifying and annotating endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and their long terminal repeats (LTRs) have limited resolution and are inaccurate. Here, we developed an annotation approach based on phylogenetic analysis and cross-species conservation. Focusing on the evolutionarily young LTR subfamilies known as MER11A/B/C, we revealed the presence of four “new subfamilies,” suggesting a new annotation for 412 (19.8%) of these repeat elements. We then validated their regulatory potential using a massively parallel reporter assay. We further identified motifs associated with their differential activities including an ape-specific gain of SOX-related motifs through a single-nucleotide deletion. By applying our approach across 53 simian-enriched LTR subfamilies, we defined 75 new subfamilies and found a novel annotation for a total of 3807 (30.0%) instances from 26 subfamilies. With this refined annotation of simian-enriched LTRs, it will be possible to better understand the evolution in primate genomes and potentially identify critical roles for ERVs and their LTRs in the hosts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xun Chen and Zicong Zhang and Yizhi Yan and Clement Goubert and Guillaume Bourque and Fumitaka Inoue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9164}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eads9164}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A phylogenetic approach uncovers cryptic endogenous retrovirus subfamilies in the primate lineage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atopy-related immune profiles are subject to genetic influence as evaluated using school-aged twin pairs. SCIADV, 11(29), eads8033. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The interaction of genetic and environmental contributions to immunological traits and their association with atopic disease remain unclear. Flow cytometry and in vitro cytokine responses were used to characterize immune profiles from 93 school-aged twin pairs. Using an established twin pair analytical strategy, the genetic and environmental influences on immunological traits were evaluated, along with their association with atopy. Our findings suggest strong genetic influence on several traits, particularly B cell abundance. In contrast, cytokine responses from in vitro stimulations appeared mainly shaped by environmental exposures. Regarding associations with atopy, greater abundance of both B cells and basophils were observed in atopic individuals as well as increased expression of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor. Genetic influence appeared central to regulating IgE receptor expression on basophils, whereas expression on dendritic cells instead appeared sensitive to environmental exposures. Identifying environmentally regulated immune traits may facilitate the development of targeted therapies to limit the impact of atopic disease in the future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonatan Leffler and James F. Read and Danny Mok and Michael Serralha and Anthony Bosco and Patrick G. Holt and Richard Saffery and Deborah H. Strickland}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8033}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eads8033}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atopy-related immune profiles are subject to genetic influence as evaluated using school-aged twin pairs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate differentially impacts ticks infected and uninfected with borrelia burgdorferi. SCIADV, 11(29), eads2181. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change continues to alter the behavior and distribution of species worldwide, with major ramifications for the transmission and risk of infectious diseases, including those caused by zoonotic vector-borne pathogens. This study explores the potential implications of climate change for one such pathogen, Borrelia burgdorferi (the causative agent of human Lyme disease), in Ixodes pacificus ticks of the far-western United States. Nymphal tick infection prevalence and density are compared against several metrics for climate, while also accounting for habitat fragmentation, mammalian species richness, and rodent tick burden to eliminate confounding variables. Findings show that climate extremes, such as those forecast with climate change, correlate with a reduction in B. burgdorferi prevalence in nymphal ticks despite nominal impacts on uninfected tick density, contrasting traditional hypotheses that these changes will increase vector-borne pathogens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Heather Broughton and Arielle Crews and Marie Lilly and Samantha Sambado and Jordan Salomon and Alexandra Lawrence and Kacie Ring and Jacoby Clark and Grace Shaw and Shannon Summers and Angie Nakano and Andrea Swei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2181}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eads2181}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate differentially impacts ticks infected and uninfected with borrelia burgdorferi}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Size matters: Micro- versus nanobubbles in ultrasound imaging and therapy. SCIADV, 11(29), eads2177. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This study investigates the reported ability of nanobubbles (<500 nanometers in diameter) to exhibit a comparable or superior acoustic response to microbubbles (>1 micrometer in diameter). Eight hypotheses were examined. Both the theoretical and experimental results supported only one hypothesis: The apparent echogenicity of nanobubbles under both linear and nonlinear imaging is due to the presence of preexisting microbubbles, which are not reliably detected by available nanoparticle sizing methods. There was no evidence to support the other hypotheses, although the possibility of microbubble formation due to bubble aggregation/coalescence or swelling due to gas absorption in vivo could not be completely ruled out. Nanobubbles may offer advantages in terms of circulatory stability and potential for therapeutic delivery compared with microbubbles, but these advantages must be weighed against the need to use higher bubble concentrations, higher ultrasound frequencies, and/or higher intensities to achieve equivalent imaging and/or therapeutic effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mihir Sheth and Caed Knight and Qiang Wu and Alexandra Vasilyeva and Awaneesh Upadhyay and Luca Bau and Jia-Ling Ruan and Nicholas Ovenden and Eleanor Stride}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2177}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eads2177}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Size matters: Micro- versus nanobubbles in ultrasound imaging and therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Role of d-serine in intestinal ROS accumulation after sleep deprivation. SCIADV, 11(29), eadr8592. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prolonged sleep deprivation (SD) results in increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in gut, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study identifies d -serine as a crucial regulator of gut ROS during SD. Knockdown of serine racemase (SR), the enzyme responsible for d -serine production, prevents the enhanced ROS buildup during SD in Drosophila . Gut enterocytes (ECs) respond to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling by producing d -serine, which influences downstream N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity and modulates sleep pressure. However, the continuous demand for sleep disrupts this feedback loop. Prolonged SD leads to increased levels of d -serine in the gut, an elevated pyruvate pool in ECs, enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, impaired lipid metabolism in peroxisomes, and the accumulation of harmful ROS. In conclusion, our findings illuminate the metabolic alterations and brain-gut communication pathways that may contribute to the increase in gut d -serine and subsequent ROS accumulation induced by SD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Zheng and Shuai Liu and Tian Wei and Lei Wang and Yuanyuan Chang and Hao Qu and Lei Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8592}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadr8592}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Role of d-serine in intestinal ROS accumulation after sleep deprivation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A shallow mantle source for the chang’e 5 lavas reveals how top-down heating prolonged lunar magmatism. SCIADV, 11(29), eadr1486. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The 2-billion-year-old basalts collected by the Chang’e 5 mission are younger than any other sampled lunar igneous rock. These lavas provide critical insight into the evolution of the Moon at a time when magmatism was waning and represent a key data point for understanding how rocky bodies cool. Here, we present high-P-T experiments and phase equilibrium modeling performed on a Chang’e 5 basalt composition that show the parental magma formed in the shallow mantle, at ~75- to 130-kilometer depth. This shallow source and Sr-Nd isotopic evidence for the lack of the heat-producing KREEP reservoir in sources of the Chang’e 5 basalt and high-Ti basalts collected by Apollo demonstrate that KREEP was not carried into the deep mantle to generate prolonged melting. Rather, we show that a subcrustal KREEP layer conductively heating the nearside mantle from the top down is likely responsible for prolonged lunar magmatism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephen M. Elardo and Kim A. Cone and Matthew A. Siegler and Samuel J. Williams and Richard M. Palin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1486}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadr1486}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A shallow mantle source for the chang’e 5 lavas reveals how top-down heating prolonged lunar magmatism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global scale assessment of the human-induced extinction crisis of terrestrial carnivores. SCIADV, 11(29), eadq2853. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human impacts on carnivores are a persistent conservation challenge worldwide. We present a global analysis showing the overlap of conservation lands and the cumulative impact of humans on the distribution ranges of 257 terrestrial carnivore species. Our findings reveal that 64% of carnivore ranges overlap with areas characterized by high human pressures. We found that Indigenous peoples’ lands emerge as crucial for carnivore population viability, potentially safeguarding 26% of carnivore ranges globally, while protected and wilderness areas cover roughly 10 and 16% of carnivore ranges, respectively. These three areas combined cover 35% of the global range of carnivores. Reducing human pressure on conservation lands and managing them to protect carnivores are therefore critical, yet challenging. The extent of carnivore ranges outside these areas underscores the necessity to expand the network of conservation lands, which are a pivotal component of global conservation planning, alongside broader proactive species-specific conservation measures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erik Joaquín Torres-Romero and Timothy M. Eppley and William J. Ripple and Thomas M. Newsome and Miha Krofel and Neil H. Carter and Andrés Ordiz and Tadeu G. de Oliveira and Nuria Selva and Vincenzo Penteriani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2853}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eadq2853}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global scale assessment of the human-induced extinction crisis of terrestrial carnivores}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). First contact with greater gravity: Moss plants adapted via enhanced photosynthesis mediated by AP2/ERF transcription factors. SCIADV, 11(29), eado8664. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The emergence of land plants required adaptations to altered water availability and increased effective gravity. Bryophytes underwent major changes in physiology, anatomy, and growth during their emergence onto land. However, the link between gravity, photosynthesis, and genetic control remains unclear. Here, we show that leaf carbon dioxide diffusion enhanced photosynthesis in the model moss Physcomitrium patens under increased gravity (6 and 10 times Earth’s gravity), driven by increases in plant (gametophore) number and chloroplast size. RNA sequencing analysis showed that 10 gravity up-regulated several species-specific APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factors. Overexpression of one such AP2/ERF , ISSUNBOSHI1 ( IBSH1 ; gene ID = Pp3c1_32440 ), in P. patens phenocopied plants grown at 10 gravity, and the dominant repressor form of IBSH1 suppressed 10 gravity responses. These results provide evidence that the proliferation of AP2/ERF transcription factors and the establishment of a notable gene network may have been important in adaptation to the terrestrial environment during land plant evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuko T. Hanba and Thi Huong Do and Kaori Takemura and Sakihito Kitajima and Alisa Vyacheslavova and Miyu Takata and Marcel Pascal Beier and Maki Yokoi and Akihisa Shinozawa and Ayuko Maeda and Yutaro Yasui and Naoya Sakaguchi and Ryuji Kameishi and Rina Watanabe and Souma Okugawa and Ryota Ozaki and Seika Hirai and Hiroyuki Kamachi and Atsushi Kume and Ichirou Karahara and Yoichi Sakata and Yusuke Onoda and Tomomichi Fujita}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado8664}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {29}, pages = {eado8664}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {First contact with greater gravity: Moss plants adapted via enhanced photosynthesis mediated by AP2/ERF transcription factors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovering high-entropy electrocatalysts through a batch-alloy targeting approach. SCIADV, 11(28), eadx6121. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The challenge of high-entropy materials as functional materials generally lies in the vast compositional space, presenting seemingly endless elemental combinations for composition design. Using electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) as a typical example, we introduce a “batch-alloy targeting” approach to quickly and effectively identify materials with high activity and thermodynamic stability. We fuse potentially active elements into a rough-guess alloy, creating a library of several distinct stable phases with varied compositions and structures. By assessing the extent of surface restructuring as an indicator of OER activity, we can target the optimal composition for subsequent materials design. This method successfully led to the discovery and development of a nanoscale phase-separated alloy exhibiting high activity and stability. Our methodology offers an efficient and rapid approach to exploring the compositional space of high-entropy materials. It strikes a balance between one-shot experiments and high-throughput preparation, achieving both efficiency and equilibrium.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui-Feng Zhao and Li Li and Tao Zhang and Jun-Qing Yao and Xu Peng and Jing Peng and Min Zhu and Bei-Bei Xu and Xin-Wang Liu and Hai-Bin Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6121}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadx6121}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovering high-entropy electrocatalysts through a batch-alloy targeting approach}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wearing bacteriophages individually with an adhesive drug-loadable nanohelmet for treating ocular infections. SCIADV, 11(28), eadx4183. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ocular infections pose notable blindness risks. Despite its advantages in inhibiting multidrug-resistant bacteria and eliminating biofilms, phage therapy suffers low phage vitality, limited ocular retention, and lack of anti-inflammatory abilities toward ocular infections. Here, wearing phages individually with an adhesive drug-loadable nanohelmet is reported to advance phage therapy. The nanohelmet is formed by depositing arginine-glycine-aspartic acid–modified chitosan on negatively charged phage head through electrostatic interactions, followed by codepositing anti-inflammatory agents via physical adsorption. Nanohelmet formation shows a negligible influence on phage vitality and is applicable to helmet diverse phages. Because of the cationic nature and the presence of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence, such nanohelmet exhibits a double-lock adhesion fashion to ocular surface, prolonging phage retention after instillation. Together with sustained drug release, helmeted phages potently inhibit bacteria, eliminate biofilms, and effectively suppress localized inflammation. In mice with multidrug-resistant pathogen-induced keratitis, helmeted phages achieve superior therapeutic efficacies, even compared to clinical therapeutics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Meng and Fengmin Yang and Zhenping Cao and Chuhan Wang and Ju Chen and Yufeng Zhu and Kexin Wang and Jinyao Liu and Deyue Yan and Yan Pang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4183}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadx4183}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wearing bacteriophages individually with an adhesive drug-loadable nanohelmet for treating ocular infections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A salt-driven mechanism for precise chirality sorting of carbon nanotubes. SCIADV, 11(28), eadx3958. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sorting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by chirality/handedness is of substantial scientific and technological importance. Existing sorting methods often lack simplicity, reproducibility and scalability. Here, we demonstrate a salt-driven SWCNT sorting mechanism that addresses these challenges. Various polyethylene glycol (PEG)/salt aqueous two-phase systems effectively modulate the top-phase partitioning of DNA-wrapped SWCNTs (DNA-SWCNTs) across a broad range of hydrophobicities, with cation composition markedly affecting top-phase partitioning in the order NH 4 + > K + > Li + > Na + closely resembles the well-documented Hofmeister series. We designed PEG/salt systems with defined [K + ]:[Na + ] cation ratios to precisely regulate SWCNT partitioning, enabling one-step top-extraction of multiple single-chirality SWCNTs. The cation ratio parameter, determined in small-scale experiments, remains effective at scales 200 times larger, allowing one-step, milligram-scale separation of (−) (6,5) with record-high enantiomeric purity. In addition, we develop a salt-switching multistage bottom-extraction strategy to isolate (+) (6,5) enantiomer. Our method uses simple salts to provide an easy-to-implement, high-precision, scale-invariant, and cost-effective platform for routine SWCNT chirality sorting.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Lyu and Cheng Li and Yanzhao Liu and Yan Li and Ming Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3958}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadx3958}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A salt-driven mechanism for precise chirality sorting of carbon nanotubes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ion channel structure and function of the MERS coronavirus e protein. SCIADV, 11(28), eadx1788. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coronavirus envelope (E) proteins form drug-targeted ion channels that cause virulence to infected cells. The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus has high mortality rates, but its E structure and function are unknown. We report the single-channel conductance and structure of membrane-bound MERS E protein. MERS E conducts K + ions with a unitary conductance of 113 picosiemens, fivefold larger than the conductance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 E. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance data indicate that the MERS E transmembrane domain forms a five-helix bundle that spans the lipid bilayer. The amino-terminal helical interface features multiple interacting phenylalanine (Phe) residues and an asparagine (Asn), whereas the carboxyl-terminal channel pore contains Phe 33 . Mutation of Phe 17 abolished K + conductance, whereas mutations of Phe 33 and Asn 15 suppressed most channel activity. These results indicate that MERS E contains two Phe-centered ion-conduction apparatuses, which likely permeate ions through cation-π interactions, providing the structural basis for developing antiviral drugs to inhibit this pathogenic viroporin.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Iva Sučec and Bingqing Xia and Noah H. Somberg and Yi Wang and Hyunil Jo and Shuangqu Li and Barbara Perrone and Zhaobing Gao and Mei Hong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1788}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadx1788}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ion channel structure and function of the MERS coronavirus e protein}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Highly textured metal anodes for stable aqueous batteries: Fabrication and characterization. SCIADV, 11(28), eadx0289. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We report a purely mechanical “cold-compression flow” method for fabricating Zn, Sn, and In substrates with tunable crystallographic textures. Using textured Zn as a model system, we investigate Zn electrocrystallization and demonstrate correlated growth of crystalline films with correlation lengths from tens to hundreds of micrometers. At 5 milliamperes per square centimeter (mA/cm 2 ), capacities between 20 and 82 milliampere hours per square centimeter (mA·hour/cm 2 ) are achieved depending on substrate texture level. At higher currents (40 mA/cm 2 ), capacities reach up to 604 mA·hour/cm 2 . Rotating disk electrode studies show that dominantly (002) textured Zn substrates exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance and reduced interphase passivation. We introduce an effective Damköhler number (Da*) to concisely describe morphological evolution during electrocrystallization across substrates with different textures. High-texture (002) Zn substrates substantially enhance performance in high-capacity (~20 mA·hour/cm 2 ) symmetric Zn||Zn cells and full cells (Zn||δ-MnO 2 and Zn||I 2 ), enabling fast-charging and prolonged energy storage in coin and pouch rechargeable Zn battery formats.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shifeng Hong and Mingjia Fang and Samuel Baffour and Ziang Gao and Shuo Jin and Haobo Xu and Rong Yang and Lynden A. Archer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0289}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadx0289}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Highly textured metal anodes for stable aqueous batteries: Fabrication and characterization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Muscle growth by sarcomere divisions. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw9445. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The sarcomere is the elementary contractile unit of muscles. Adult muscle cells are large and chain thousands of sarcomeres into long periodic myofibrils that attach to the skeleton. During development, muscle cells must increase in length to maintain the mechanical connection to the growing skeleton. How muscles add new sarcomeres to facilitate muscle growth is unknown. Using live imaging and high-throughput image analysis, we have now tracked the sarcomere components during the developmental growth of Drosophila muscle and found that individual sarcomeres divide along the myofibril tension axis into daughter sarcomeres. This way, new sarcomeres can be inserted into contractile and mechanically intact myofibrils. We propose that sarcomere division is triggered by tension and local sarcomere damage originating from skeletal growth and muscle contractions. Sarcomere divisions repair damaged sarcomeres, ensure their mechanical integrity, and synchronize sarcomere addition with skeletal growth during animal development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Clement Rodier and Ian D. Estabrook and Eunice HoYee Chan and Gavin Rice and Vincent Loreau and Stefan Raunser and Dirk Görlich and Benjamin M. Friedrich and Frank Schnorrer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9445}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw9445}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Muscle growth by sarcomere divisions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Picoeukaryote-based biohybrid microrobots for active delivery in the kidney. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw8578. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Confined spaces in the human body pose substantial challenges for biomedical procedures. Navigating these ultrasmall environments is essential for precise drug delivery, improving treatment outcomes and reducing adverse effects. Microrobots offer a promising approach to accessing these complex microenvironments. Here, we show a biohybrid microrobot based on picoeukaryotes, engineered as a cargo carrier for active delivery in tight in vivo spaces. The microrobot exhibits strong in vitro motility through narrow two-dimensional and complex three-dimensional networks and, in vivo, achieves outstanding kidney penetration, uniform distribution, and >48-hour retention while resisting flow shear and immune clearance, with excellent biosafety. Their ability to retain functionality and sustain propulsion within the confined and complex kidney vasculatures and interstitial spaces underscore their potential for long-term, active delivery in confined biological environments. The picoeukaryote-based biohybrid microrobot system represents a major advancement in active drug delivery, especially tailored to the challenging microenvironments of the kidney.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhengxing Li and Dan Wang and Hao Luan and An-Yi Chang and Zheng Fang and Lei Sun and Junyi Ji and Wei-Ting Shen and Yiyan Yu and Yiyang Yan and Shichao Ding and Jiayuan Alex Zhang and Yichen Zhang and Yifei Peng and Ronnie H. Fang and Weiwei Gao and Liangfang Zhang and Joseph Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8578}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw8578}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Picoeukaryote-based biohybrid microrobots for active delivery in the kidney}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomic-resolution structure of a chimeric powassan tick-borne flavivirus. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw7700. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Powassan virus (POWV) is an emerging tick-borne flavivirus for which no vaccine or antiviral treatment exists. The incidence of human infections of POWV in North America has been increasing because of the expanding distribution of the tick vector Ixodes scapularis that transmits POWV to humans. To mitigate the dangers of handling a risk group 3 human pathogen, a chimeric virus was constructed from the genetic backbone of a yellow fever virus vaccine strain 17D (YFV-17D) and the external structural proteins of POWV lineage II. The chimera had a comparable phenotype as POWV. The atomic resolution of yellow fever virus-Powassan virus chimera (yPOWV) structure was built without ambiguity, revealing surface glycans and lipid pocket factors. The similarity to other flavivirus structures and the phenotype similar to YFV-17D suggest that there could be future potential as a vaccine candidate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sayan Das and Anoop Narayanan and Anqi Wang and Ibrahim M. Moustafa and Sung Hyun Cho and Dana Mitzel and Joyce Jose and Susan L. Hafenstein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7700}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw7700}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomic-resolution structure of a chimeric powassan tick-borne flavivirus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals immunotherapy-driven bone marrow niche remodeling in AML. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw4871. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Given the graft-versus-leukemia effect observed with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), immunotherapies have been explored in nontransplant settings. We applied a multiomic approach to examine bone marrow interactions in patients with AML treated with pembrolizumab and decitabine. Using extensively trained nuclear and membrane segmentation models, we achieved precise transcript assignment and deep learning–based image analysis. To address read-depth limitations, we integrated single-cell RNA sequencing with single-cell spatial transcriptomics from the same sample. Quantifying cell-cell distances at the edge level enabled more accurate tumor microenvironment analysis, revealing global and local immune cell enrichment near leukemia cells postpembrolizumab treatment, potentially linked to clinical response. Furthermore, ligand-receptor analysis indicated potential alterations in specific signaling pathways between leukemia and immune cells following immunotherapy treatment. These findings provide insights into immune interactions in AML and may inform therapeutic strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gege Gui and Molly A. Bingham and Julius R. Herzog and Abigail Wong-Rolle and Laura W. Dillon and Meghali Goswami and Eddie Martin and Jason Reeves and Sean Kim and Arya Bahrami and Hermann F. Degenhardt and George Zaki and Prajan Divakar and Edward C. Schrom and Katherine R. Calvo and Christopher S. Hourigan and Kasper D. Hansen and Chen Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4871}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw4871}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals immunotherapy-driven bone marrow niche remodeling in AML}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Permanent magnetic droplet–derived microrobots. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw3172. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microrobots hold substantial potential for precision medicine. However, challenges remain in balancing multifunctional cargo loading with efficient locomotion and in predicting behavior in complex biological environments. Here, we present permanent magnetic droplet–derived microrobots (PMDMs) with superior cargo loading capacity and dynamic locomotion capabilities. Produced rapidly via cascade tubing microfluidics, PMDMs can self-assemble, disassemble, and reassemble into chains that autonomously switch among four locomotion modes—walking, crawling, swinging, and lateral movement. Their reconfigurable design allows navigation through complex and constrained biomimetic environments, including obstacle negotiation and stair climbing with record speed at the submillimeter scale. We also developed a molecular dynamics–based computational platform that predicts PMDM assembly and motion. PMDMs demonstrated precise, programmable cargo delivery (e.g., drugs and cells) with postdelivery retrieval. These results establish a physical and in silico foundation for future microrobot design and represent a key step toward clinical translation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanxiong Cao and Ruoxiao Xie and Philipp W. A. Schönhöfer and Ross Burdis and Richard Wang and Rujie Sun and Kai Xie and Jiawen Zou and Xin Song and Qiao You Lau and Junliang Lin and Jang Ah Kim and Dimitar Georgiev and Jiyuan Tang and Ho-Cheung Ng and Olga Bibikova and Yuyang Zuo and Xiangrong L. Lu and Sharon C. Glotzer and Molly M. Stevens}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3172}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw3172}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Permanent magnetic droplet–derived microrobots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The human genetic variant rs6190 unveils foxc1 and arid5a as novel prometabolic targets of the glucocorticoid receptor in muscle. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw2593. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanisms segregating positive from negative effects of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) on metabolic health remain poorly elucidated. Here, we generated mice genocopying the human GR polymorphism rs6190, which was sufficient to increase muscle insulin sensitivity and blunt obesity-induced adverse effects on adiposity and exercise intolerance. We identified Foxc1 and Arid5A genes as prospective transactivation targets by the mutant GR in skeletal muscle. In the muscle, we further characterize Foxc1 as transcriptional activator of Insr and Irs1 in the canonical insulin signaling and Arid5a as transcriptional repressor of Cd36 and Fabp4 in the lipid uptake pathway. Moreover, Foxc1 and Arid5a programs in muscle were divergently changed by glucocorticoid regimens with opposite metabolic outcomes. Last, in the UK Biobank and All of Us datasets, the rs6190 variant correlated with prometabolic changes in BMI, lean mass, strength, and glucose control according to zygosity. Collectively, our study leveraged a human nuclear receptor coding variant to unveil epigenetic regulators of muscle metabolism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashok Daniel Prabakaran and Fabian Montecino-Morales and Kevin McFarland and Thirupugal Govindarajan and Hima Bindu Durumutla and Hannah Latimer and Olukunle Akinborewa and Chiara Villa and Douglas P. Millay and Mattia Quattrocelli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2593}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw2593}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The human genetic variant rs6190 unveils foxc1 and arid5a as novel prometabolic targets of the glucocorticoid receptor in muscle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sensing of extracellular l-proline availability by the integrated stress response determines the outcome of cell competition. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1883. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell competition is a conserved fitness quality control that eliminates cells that are less fit than their neighbors. How winner cells induce the elimination of losers is poorly understood. We tackle this question by studying the onset of embryonic differentiation in mice, where cell competition eliminates 35% of embryonic cells. These loser cells have mitochondrial dysfunction, which we show causes amino acid deprivation and activation of the integrated stress response (ISR), a pathway essential for their survival. We demonstrate that l -proline is a key amino acid sensed by the ISR and that proline represses the ISR and drives their elimination. These results indicate that cell competition acts as a previously unidentified tissue-sparing mechanism, regulated by the availability of extracellular amino acids, that allows for the elimination of dysfunctional cells when amino acids are plentiful but ensures their survival in nutrient-poor environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shruthi Krishnan and Ana Lima and Sizhe Tan and Ying Thong Low and Salvador Perez Montero and Aida Di Gregorio and Adrian Perez Barreto and Sarah Bowling and Karen Vousden and Tristan A. Rodriguez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1883}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1883}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sensing of extracellular l-proline availability by the integrated stress response determines the outcome of cell competition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced immunocompatibility and hemocompatibility of nanomedicines across multiple species using complement pathway inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1731. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The activation of complement by nanomedicines triggers immune uptake and proinflammatory responses. Complement pathway inhibitors could offer strategies to address these challenges. Here, we assess the efficacy of inhibitors with various nanoparticles, including dextran superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoworms, polyethylene glycol (PEG) liposomal drugs, and mRNA lipid nanoparticles. In human sera, inhibitors of the alternative pathway iptacopan and danicopan exhibit variable efficacies, ranging from high nanomolar to incomplete inhibition. However, both iptacopan and danicopan display poor efficacy with PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin. Sutimlimab, an inhibitor of the classical pathway, demonstrates poor efficacy with PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin, even in sera with anti-PEG antibodies. Iptacopan displays donor-dependent inhibition of the uptake of nanoparticles in human blood. Bolus coadministration of iptacopan with nanoworms in mice, rats, and dogs inhibits C3 opsonization and uptake by granulocytes. Iptacopan also alleviates nanoparticle-induced lethargy in rats and severe hypotension in dogs. These data suggest that complement inhibitors can enhance the immunocompatibility and hemocompatibility of nanomedicines in a donor-dependent manner.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yue Li and Sarah Jacques and Hanmant Gaikwad and Morgan Nebbia and Nirmal K. Banda and V. Michael Holers and Stephen A. Tomlinson and Robert I. Scheinman and Andrew Monte and Laura Saba and Erika Lasda and Jay Hasselberth and Nicolas Busquet and Wioleta M. Zelek and S. Moein Moghimi and Dmitri Simberg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1731}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1731}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced immunocompatibility and hemocompatibility of nanomedicines across multiple species using complement pathway inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). BRD4770 protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and ferroptosis. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1720. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug, but its clinical utility is limited mainly by cardiotoxicity causing cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and apoptosis. While DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) involves epigenetic changes, no systematic epigenetic intervention studies have been reported. Here, we identified BRD4770 as a potential small molecule against DIC through the Epigenetics Compound Library screening. BRD4770 inhibited DOX-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and apoptosis by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation and maintaining glutathione homeostasis. BRD4770 treatment alleviated DIC without affecting the antitumor effects of DOX. Mechanistically, BRD4770 promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)–solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) signaling and suppressed DOX-induced cardiomyocyte death by reducing methylation of lysine 9 on histone 3. Last, we constructed a ROS-responsive nanoliposome loaded with BRD4770 and conjugated with the cardiac-targeting peptide for primary cardiomyocyte, which provided better protection against DIC. These findings suggest that BRD4770 has the potential to prevent cardiomyocyte death–related cardiomyopathy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingrong Shao and Rui Xiao and Ting Wang and Fengshuo Wang and Bei Wang and Dongli Zhang and Lulu Wang and Jingchao Li and Jiao Liu and Shengkai Zuo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1720}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1720}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {BRD4770 protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and ferroptosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topological-charge multiplexed metasurfaces for generating structural acoustic field and remote dynamic control. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1701. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Structured acoustic field carrying phase singularities in spatial and temporal domains is fundamentally important for acoustic communications and acoustofluidic manipulations. However, the current approaches to structured sound often have restrictions on the multiplexing capacity of generating sound vortices and lack of dynamic manipulation over them. Here, we unveil an approach to generating structured acoustic waves and achieving remote dynamic control based on the proposed concept of topological-charge (TC) multiplexed metasurface (TCMM). We demonstrate that the TCMM can serve as an efficient device to yield structured sound field with multiple spatial vortex singularities, whose features and physics are entirely determined by the TCs encoded in it. These degrees of freedom can be tuned independently, enabling the dynamic remote control of multiple acoustic vortices and leading to the precise control over their motion. Our findings provide different insights into the generation and control over sound vortices and establish a powerful platform for engineering structured acoustic waves.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiaqi Quan and Baoyin Sun and Fei Wang and Feng Gao and Xicheng Fang and Lei Gao and Zhihong Hang and Huanyang Chen and Youwen Liu and Jian-Hua Jiang and Yangyang Fu and Yadong Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1701}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1701}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topological-charge multiplexed metasurfaces for generating structural acoustic field and remote dynamic control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transition of cellular senescence to pyroptosis mediates recurrence of small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1553. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chemotherapy-induced different cell fates play crucial roles in cancer treatment outcomes; however, the cross-talk between the cell fates during cancer recurrence remains unclear. Here, we found that the transition from cellular senescence to pyroptosis promoted small cell lung cancer (SCLC) recurrence after cisplatin and etoposide treatment. Parts of the senescent SCLC cells induced by chemotherapy showed positive cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCFs), and CCFs activated the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20, which stabilized NLRP3 through its deubiquitinating activity, resulting in senescent cells undergoing pyroptosis. Subsequent inflammatory factors [such as interleukin-1 (IL-1)] released by pyroptosis promoted the acquisition of stem-like properties in CCF-negative senescent cells, ultimately promoting tumor recurrence. We also found that a combination of IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra with chemotherapy delayed recurrence of SCLC, suggesting previously unidentified therapeutic strategies for SCLC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lie Ma and Yu Han and Zixin Chen and Xuan Liu and Yu Wang and Zhiyao Wang and Weifang Xiang and Lei Li and Xin Jin and Jingyao Hou and Yue Li and Baiqu Huang and Jun Lu and Yu Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1553}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1553}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transition of cellular senescence to pyroptosis mediates recurrence of small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Constraining biorecalcitrance of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules in the ocean. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw1148. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of Earth’s largest long-term carbon reservoirs, critical to the global carbon cycle. A key breakthrough in understanding this pool is the identification of biorefractory carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM). Recent studies have challenged the biorecalcitrance of CRAM but lacked detailed molecular evidence. Using advanced online countergradient liquid chromatography–Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to track microbial incubation, we revealed a wide spectrum of CRAM bioavailability regulated by molecular polarity. CRAM with lower polarity were preferentially degraded, whereas microbial reworking led to production of higher-polarity CRAM, characterized by increased oxidation state, nitrogen content, and aromaticity. Some microbially transformed CRAM were frequently detected in a global DOM dataset of 1485 seawater samples, suggesting their potential persistence in marine environments. This study provides molecular insights into the biorecalcitrance and transformation pathway of CRAM, underscoring the complexity and dynamic nature of marine organic carbon cycling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruanhong Cai and Oliver J. Lechtenfeld and Zhenwei Yan and Yuanbi Yi and Xiaoxia Chen and Qiang Zheng and Boris P. Koch and Nianzhi Jiao and Ding He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1148}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw1148}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Constraining biorecalcitrance of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules in the ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrating population genomics and environmental data to predict adaptation to climate change in post-bottleneck tibetan macaques. SCIADV, 11(28), eadw0562. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rapid climate change represents a profound threat to biodiversity. Understanding the local adaptations and their vulnerabilities to climate change are imperative for developing conservation measures. Here, we combined a multidisciplinary approach to determine the local adaptations of an endemic and near-threatened primate, aiming to reveal its potential to cope with future climate change. Results suggest that climatic fluctuations played an important role in shaping its demographic trajectory and genetic structure. In addition, Tibetan macaques have experienced a severe bottleneck in the recent past, with highly deleterious mutations partially removed, but moderately deleterious mutations accumulating. The severe bottleneck and lower genetic diversity may have reduced their potential to adapt to environmental change, which will compromise long-term viability. Furthermore, we found that the eastern group exhibited higher genomic offsets and loss of suitable habitat in response to climate change. Overall, we emphasize the importance of integrating population genomics and environmental data to predict the adaptation of post-bottleneck populations to rapid climate change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Teng and Wenbo Li and Xiaochen Wang and Rusong Zhang and Ying Shen and Ruifeng Wu and Jiawen Liu and Mingyi Zhang and Christian Roos and Jinhua Li and Jing Li and Jiwei Qi and Ming Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0562}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadw0562}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrating population genomics and environmental data to predict adaptation to climate change in post-bottleneck tibetan macaques}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A narrow range of transcript-error rates across the tree of life. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv9898. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although transcript-error rates are markedly higher than DNA-level mutation rates, a broad perspective on the degree to which they diverge across lineages remains to be developed. Using modified rolling-circle sequencing, we found a narrow range of transcript-error rates across the Tree of Life, with little evidence supporting local control of error rates associated with gene expression levels. Most errors result in missense changes if translated, and, as with a fraction of nonsense errors, these are underrepresented relative to random expectations, suggesting the existence of mechanisms for purging some such errors. To understand how natural selection and random genetic drift might shape transcript-error rates, we present a model based on cell biology and population genetics. However, while this framework helps understand the evolution of this highly conserved trait, as currently structured, it explains only 20% of the variation in the data, suggesting a need for further theoretical work in this area.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weiyi Li and Stephan Baehr and Michelle Marasco and Lauren Reyes and Danielle Brister and Craig S. Pikaard and Jean-Francois Gout and Marc Vermulst and Michael Lynch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9898}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv9898}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A narrow range of transcript-error rates across the tree of life}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding sexual dimorphism of the sex-shared nervous system at single-neuron resolution. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv9106. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sex-specific behaviors are often attributed to differences in neuronal wiring and molecular composition, yet how genetic sex shapes the molecular architecture of the nervous system at the individual neuron level remains unclear. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to profile the transcriptome of sex-shared neurons in adult Caenorhabditis elegans males and hermaphrodites. We uncover widespread molecular dimorphism across the nervous system, including in previously unrecognized neuron-types such as the touch receptors. Neuropeptides and signaling-related genes exhibit strong sex-biased expression, particularly in males, reinforcing the notion that neuropeptides are crucial for diversifying connectome outputs. Despite these differences, neurotransmitter identities remain largely conserved, indicating that functional dimorphism arises through modulatory, not identity-defining, changes. We show that sex-biased expression of neurotransmitter-related genes correlates with bias in outgoing synaptic connectivity and identify regulatory candidates for synaptic wiring, including both shared and sex-specific genes. This dataset provides a molecular framework for understanding how subtle regulatory differences tune conserved circuits to drive sex-specific behaviors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rizwanul Haque and Hagar Setty and Ramiro Lorenzo and Gil Stelzer and Ron Rotkopf and Yehuda Salzberg and Gal Goldman and Sandeep Kumar and Shiraz Nir Halber and Andrew M. Leifer and Elad Schneidman and Patrick Laurent and Meital Oren-Suissa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9106}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv9106}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding sexual dimorphism of the sex-shared nervous system at single-neuron resolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Slab underthrusting is the primary control on flat-slab size. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv8872. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flat subduction, an intermittent phenomenon along active margins, arises from well-known causes, yet the mechanisms driving its expansion remain poorly understood. The prevailing view suggests that trenchward continental motion drives slab overthrusting, causing the flat slab to expand oceanward. Here, we explore an alternative mechanism: underthrusting of the subducting plate through forward propagation of the flat-slab hinge. We directly evaluate both hypotheses through a kinematic analysis of trench and flat-slab motions using a global flat subduction database cast into multiple absolute plate motion models. Our results indicate that flat-slab expansion reflects distinct end-member processes, with forward propagation emerging as the dominant mode. We present a framework for flat-slab propagation that emphasizes the dynamic interaction between lower-plate motion and slab pull from adjacent subduction zones, an interplay validated through numerical modeling. These findings challenge conventional assumptions and underscore the need to reconsider the role of lower-plate kinematics in flat-slab dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guido M. Gianni and Leandro C. Gallo and Jeremías Likerman and Andrés Echaurren and Conrado R. Gianni and Claudio Faccenna}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8872}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv8872}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Slab underthrusting is the primary control on flat-slab size}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural and genetic determinants of zebrafish functional brain networks. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv7576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Network science has revealed universal brain connectivity principles across species. However, several macroscopic network features established in human neuroimaging studies remain underexplored at cellular scales in small animal models. Here, we use whole-brain calcium imaging in larval zebrafish to investigate the structural and genetic basis of functional brain networks. Mesoscopic functional connectivity (FC) robustly captures the individuality of larvae and reflects structural connectivity (SC) derived from single-neuron reconstructions. Several connectome properties, including diffusion mechanisms and indirect pathways, predict interregional correlations. SC and FC share a hierarchical modular architecture, with structural modules shaping spontaneous and stimulus-driven activity patterns. Visual stimuli and tail monitoring reveal a functional gradient that coincides with sensorimotor functions. Last, regional expression levels of specific genes predict interregional FC. Our findings reproduce key mammalian brain network features, demonstrating larval zebrafish as a powerful model for studying large-scale network phenomena in a small and optically accessible vertebrate brain.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Antoine Légaré and Mado Lemieux and Vincent Boily and Sandrine Poulin and Arthur Légaré and Patrick Desrosiers and Paul De Koninck}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv7576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural and genetic determinants of zebrafish functional brain networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Src/FN1 pathway activation drives tumor cell cluster formation and metastasis in lung cancer: A promising therapeutic target. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv7377. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death globally, with metastasis driven by circulating tumor cells (CTCs)—particularly clusters—being a major treatment challenge. Despite their critical role, the biological differences between single CTCs and CTC clusters remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively compared their behavioral, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiles in lung cancer models. Compared with single cells, CTC clusters present enhanced metastatic potential, greater survival in the bloodstream and increased resistance to microenvironment. Mechanistically, the Src/FN1 pathway is centrally activated in clusters, promoting intercellular cohesion and protecting against immune clearance and stress in circulation. Pharmacological inhibition of Src with the clinical inhibitor KX2-391 disrupted clustering, impaired CTC survival, and reduced metastasis in preclinical models. Our findings identify the Src/FN1 pathway as a key vulnerability in CTC cluster–driven metastasis, suggesting that Src inhibitors are promising therapeutic strategies to disrupt clustering and improve outcomes in patients with metastatic lung cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zujun Que and Zhichao Xi and Dan Qi and Rongchen Dai and Yang Li and Mengfan Liu and Bin Luo and Jiajun Liu and Pan Yu and Yun Yang and Erxi Wu and Hongxi Xu and Jianhui Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7377}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv7377}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Src/FN1 pathway activation drives tumor cell cluster formation and metastasis in lung cancer: A promising therapeutic target}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structures and receptor binding activities of merbecovirus spike proteins reveal key signatures for human DPP4 adaptation. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv7296. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Merbecoviruses from bats, pangolins, and hedgehogs pose significant zoonotic threats, with a limited understanding of receptor binding by their spike (S) proteins. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of GD-BatCoV (BtCoV-422) and SE-PangolinCoV (MjHKU4r-CoV-1) RBDs in complex with human DPP4 (hDPP4). These structures exhibit a substantial offset in their hDPP4 interaction interfaces, revealing a conserved hydrophobic cluster as a convergent signature of DPP4 binding within the MERS-HKU4 clade of merbecoviruses. Structure-guided mutagenesis demonstrates that favorable interactions are distributed across multiple receptor binding motif (RBM) regions, working synergistically to confer high-affinity hDPP4 binding. Swapping of the merbecovirus RBM regions indicate limited plasticity and interchangeability among these regions. In addition, we report cryo-EM structures of six merbecovirus S-trimers. Structure-based phylogenetics suggests that hDPP4-binding merbecoviruses undergo convergent evolution, while ACE2-binding merbecoviruses exhibit diversification in their binding mechanisms. These findings offer critical insights into merbecovirus receptor utilization, providing a structural understanding for future surveillance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hang Yuan and Jingjing Wang and Yong Ma and Zimu Li and Xijie Gao and Gul Habib and Banghui Liu and Jing Chen and Jun He and Peng Zhou and Zheng-Li Shi and Xinwen Chen and Xiaoli Xiong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7296}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv7296}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structures and receptor binding activities of merbecovirus spike proteins reveal key signatures for human DPP4 adaptation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-throughput multiplexed gene and cell doping analysis through CRISPR-cas12a system integrated with blood direct PCR. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv7234. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Advancements in gene and cell therapies introduce “gene and cell doping,” requiring efficient and sensitive detection methods. Here, we report a high-throughput multiplexed gene and cell doping analysis (HiMDA) using CRISPR-Cas12a system integrated with blood direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood direct PCR enables simultaneous amplification of multiple exogenous genes directly from whole-blood samples. Coupled with sequence-specific DNA recognition and fluorescence reporter system, HiMDA achieves multiplexed, on-target detection of doping genes and cells. Our results demonstrate HiMDA’s feasibility with only 5 microliters of blood required for the entire 90-minute process. HiMDA exhibits exceptional sensitivity, detecting as few as 2.5 copies of doping target genes from blood—four times more sensitive than current anti-doping standards—and identifying in vivo doping up to 10 days. These findings highlight HiMDA’s robust high-throughput, multiplexed capabilities, satisfying the sensitivity and selectivity demands of anti-doping research. HiMDA offers a flexible solution to meet future doping detection challenges.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joon-Yeop Yi and Hyomin Choi and Minyoung Kim and Yujin Jeong and Ji-Sook Hahn and Boram Son and Hee Ho Park and Changmin Sung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7234}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv7234}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-throughput multiplexed gene and cell doping analysis through CRISPR-cas12a system integrated with blood direct PCR}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Confinement-induced chirality in phase-separated achiral polymer solutions. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv6734. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Self-organization of polymers in constrained geometries largely determines their applications in high-strength materials, photonics, and electronics. Chiral organization under confinement is well established for polymers with intrinsic molecular chirality; however, it has not been observed for achiral polymers. Here, we report the emergence of chirality in spatially confined solutions of achiral rigid-rod polymers. We show that kinetically arrested phase separation of polymer solutions confined to narrow capillaries resulted in alternating segments of isotropic and chiral nematic phases. The chiral structure of the nematic segments originated from the interplay between the constrained geometry, surface anchoring, orientational wetting, and elastic anisotropy of rigid-rod polymers. The catenoidal shape of the chiral structure recapitulated the morphology of biological chiral structures. These findings provide insight into the organization of soft matter under spatial confinement and offer a straightforward way to form chiral structures from achiral synthetic polymers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baichuan Kou and Jin-Sheng Wu and Yingshan Ma and Yuhang Huang and Xiao He and Tianyi Wu and Zhi-Bo Yang and Paul van der Schoot and Ivan I. Smalyukh and Eugenia Kumacheva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6734}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv6734}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Confinement-induced chirality in phase-separated achiral polymer solutions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microglial BDNF modulates arketamine’s antidepressant-like effects through cortico-accumbal pathways. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv5986. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arketamine, the ( R )-enantiomer of ( R,S )-ketamine, shows even greater rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in rodent models compared to esketamine, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we used the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model to investigate how arketamine exerts its antidepressant-like effects. We found that activating cAMP response element–binding protein (CREB) at S133 and methyl-CpG–binding protein 2 (MeCP2) at S421 drives the transcription of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), contributing to arketamine’s antidepressant-like effects. Furthermore, microglia-derived BDNF enhances excitatory synaptic transmission in the infralimbic (IL) region of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), mediating the antidepressant-like effects of arketamine in CSDS-susceptible mice. Last, microglia-derived BDNF can activate mPFC (IL) neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, contributing to arketamine’s antidepressant-like effects. These findings highlight the essential role of microglial BDNF in modulating NAc-projecting mPFC neurons, which contribute to the antidepressant-like effects of arketamine.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lujuan He and Xuenan Wang and Shilin Luo and Nan Jiang and Yu Yan and Min Xie and Yueyue Chen and Chun Yang and Wei Yao and Kenji Hashimoto and Ji-chun Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5986}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv5986}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microglial BDNF modulates arketamine’s antidepressant-like effects through cortico-accumbal pathways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rare earth element nucleosynthetic anomalies and dust transport in the protoplanetary disk. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv3148. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The size, density, and chemical characteristics of solar system bodies have been shaped by material transport during the protoplanetary disk stage. This includes transport from the inner to outer solar system of refractory dust grains that carry nucleosynthetic anomalies. Here, we show that rare earth element (REE) isotopes in fine-grained calcium-aluminum–rich inclusions (CAIs) display anomalies stemming from incomplete mixing of r -, s -, and p -process nucleosynthesis. The data points define two correlations, which are best explained by mixing between three isotopic reservoirs in two successive stages, one of which involved a variable admixture of a p -process component. We propose that CAI precursors formed in the inner solar system and were subsequently transported by FU Orionis outbursts from the disk to the envelope where they mixed with an isotopically distinct reservoir before settling on the midplane.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Justin Y. Hu and François L. H. Tissot and Ren T. C. Marquez and Oliver Shorttle and Cathie J. Clarke and Andrew D. Sellek and Nicolas Dauphas and Bruce L. A. Charlier and Ingo Leya and Reika Yokochi and Thomas J. Ireland and Helen M. Williams}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3148}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv3148}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rare earth element nucleosynthetic anomalies and dust transport in the protoplanetary disk}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biorhythms derived from consumer wearables predict postoperative complications in children. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv2643. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Postoperative complications pose substantial health risks to children who undergo surgery, yet timely detection of complications after discharge is challenging due to reliance on subjective symptom reports from children and caregivers. Alternatively, wearable devices can provide objective health measurements for continuous recovery monitoring, potentially enabling earlier complication detection in the hospital or community. This study examined biorhythm-based metrics (circadian and ultradian rhythms, derived from the daily activity and heart rate patterns recorded by a consumer wearable) and their relationship to postoperative recovery in children with and without complications. Wearables were given to 103 children for 21 days immediately after appendectomy, and biorhythm metrics were extracted from per-minute data. A machine-learned model using these metrics retrospectively predicted postoperative complications up to 3 days before formal diagnosis with 91% sensitivity and 74% specificity. Our findings suggest that wearable-derived biorhythms offer a promising, unobtrusive method for evaluating postoperative recovery. This approach has broad clinical implications for pediatric health monitoring across various care settings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Hua and Michela Carter and Megan K. O’Brien and J. Benjamin Pitt and Soyang Kwon and Renee C. B. Manworren and Gia Oscherwitz and Arianna Edobor and Austin Chen and Hassan M. K. Ghomrawi and Fizan Abdullah and Arun Jayaraman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2643}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv2643}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biorhythms derived from consumer wearables predict postoperative complications in children}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stripe rust fungi hijack a host transcriptional repressor to induce TaSWEET14d for enhanced sugar uptake in wheat. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv1760. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biotrophic pathogens rely on host plants for carbon acquisition, making plant sugar transporters, such as Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs), key targets in sugar competition between plants and pathogens. In this study, we identified TaSWEET14d as a Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst )–induced, secretory vesicle–localized SWEET family member that facilitates hexose and sucrose translocation in wheat. Knockout of TaSWEET14d led to enhanced wheat resistance to Pst , while overexpressing TaSWEET14d promoted susceptibility to stripe rust and sugar accumulation in wheat leaves. In addition, wheat transcription factor TaMYB50 contributed to stripe rust resistance by suppressing TaSWEET14d expression through binding directly to the TA-box motif in the promoter region. Furthermore, we found that effector protein Pst15882, required for Pst infection and pathogenicity, interacted with TaMYB50 to prevent this repression, thus revealing a distinctive regulation strategy by Pst to exploit host sugars for fungal invasion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peijing Zheng and Pu Yuan and Nannan Fang and Xiaoxuan Ma and Lihua Jiang and Qingdong Zeng and Dejun Han and Zhensheng Kang and Jie Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1760}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv1760}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stripe rust fungi hijack a host transcriptional repressor to induce TaSWEET14d for enhanced sugar uptake in wheat}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrified dry reforming of methane on ni-La2O3–loaded activated carbon: A net CO2-negative reaction. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv1585. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dry reforming of methane (DRM) offers an attractive solution for the high-value utilization of two primary greenhouse gasses, methane and carbon dioxide, but its industrial applications are hindered by the net carbon dioxide–positive emissions resulting from substantial energy consumption. Here, we developed an electrified technology by passing electric current through a conductive catalyst constituting nickel and lanthanum(III) oxide cosupported on activated carbons, reaching thermodynamic equilibrium conversions and sustaining for at least 120 hours. Notably, the energy efficiency (2.976 millimoles per kilojoule) exceeds all the previously reported values, enabling net carbon dioxide–negative emissions powered by common sustainable electricity. An electrically driven release of lattice oxygen bridges the decomposition of the lanthanum oxycarbonate intermediate generated from carbon dioxide activation and the reduction of the resultant nickel oxide species by deposited carbon from methane dissociation, thus inhibiting excessive nickel oxidation and lanthanum(III) oxide carbonatation. The electrified approach would make DRM a true pathway mitigating overall carbon footprint and combating global warming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Zhao and Xueyi Mei and Yexin Zhang and Zhenghui Zhang and Kai Chen and Weiping Xie and Ying Xin and Zhaoliang Zhang and Jian Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1585}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv1585}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrified dry reforming of methane on ni-La2O3–loaded activated carbon: A net CO2-negative reaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pressure-driven microinjection (PMI) of porous-coated balloon for ultrafast endoluminal drug delivery across biological barriers. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv1182. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological barriers play a crucial role in safeguarding the human body against pathogens yet pose severe challenges to efficient delivery of therapeutic drugs. Here, we introduce a pressure-driven microinjection (PMI) strategy for the robust and versatile delivery of functional species against biological barriers. With the benefits of elastic porous coating, this strategy enables the capillary suction of drug solutions, localized delivery, and ultrafast penetration through biological barriers by gentle pressure treatment. The penetration capacity is demonstrated by an unprecedented depth (~150 micrometers) of bovine serum albumin (66.4 kilodaltons) across aortic vessels under pressing for only 60 seconds. This spongy coating-based PMI technique can be integrated with medical balloon devices, offering endoluminal treatment within blood vessels, tracheas, and intestines. The in vivo evaluation indicated efficient trans-vascular delivery of 4-octyl itaconate, markedly reducing neointima hyperplasia. This PMI strategy provides a crucial insight for penetrative drug delivery across complex biological barriers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Honglin Qian and Jing Wang and Zhaohe Dai and Yirong Guo and Ke Liu and Xinyi Li and Meng Hu and Yan Yu and Jiarong Wang and Yuxian Lai and Kefeng Ren and Jian Ji}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1182}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv1182}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pressure-driven microinjection (PMI) of porous-coated balloon for ultrafast endoluminal drug delivery across biological barriers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NLRP3 inflammasome–driven hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurs independent of IL-1β and IL-18 and is targetable by BET inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(28), eadv0079. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal cytokine storm syndrome. Its high mortality rate reflects limited therapeutic options and a poor understanding of disease-causing signaling. We show that the NLRP3 inflammasome is responsible for increased mortality in a model of secondary HLH (sHLH). Unexpectedly, neither deletion of the NLRP3-activated pyroptotic effector GSDMD nor combined deletion of the inflammasome-activated cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 conferred strong protection from sHLH. Instead, co-deletion of GSDMD and caspase-8–activated GSDME limited sHLH-driven lethality, demonstrating redundancy in the pyroptotic machinery required to induce sHLH. We also found that bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors prevent NLRP3-driven pyroptosis, which acted by blocking inflammasome priming. BET inhibitors prevented increased NLRP3 levels in diseased tissue, limited the production of sHLH-associated IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor, and protected from sHLH pathogenesis. These findings suggest that targeting NLRP3 could limit sHLH and identify clinically relevant bromodomain-selective BET inhibitors capable of eliminating NLRP3-driven pyroptosis and the sHLH cytokine storm.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Farzaneh Shojaee and Esmaeel Azadian and Min Xian Wong and Xiuquan Ma and James Rickard and Jiyi Pang and Catherine Hall and Andrew J. Kueh and Seth L. Masters and Inmaculada Rioja and Rab K. Prinjha and Marcel Doerflinger and Kate E. Lawlor and Maryam Rashidi and James E. Vince}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0079}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadv0079}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NLRP3 inflammasome–driven hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurs independent of IL-1β and IL-18 and is targetable by BET inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anabolic indices of matrix proteins identify regenerative small RNA intrinsic to human cartilage. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu8440. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Some vertebrates regenerate appendages through the action of small noncoding RNAs (smRNAs) expressed in their blastema. Inspired by these models, we investigated whether similar smRNA-mediated mechanisms might contribute to the intrinsic repair capacity of human cartilage. Although humans lack the capacity to regenerate entire limbs, digit tip regrowth and joint cartilage repair following joint distraction suggest latent regenerative potential. Using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we quantified anabolic indices of cartilage extracellular matrix proteins and identified 69 smRNAs correlated with cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis—six concordantly regulated across species (human, axolotl, zebrafish, and bichir)—including microRNA 21 (miR-21). miR-21 enhanced the expression of key cartilage formation genes, reduced cartilage degradation, and suppressed cytokine secretion from human cartilage and chondrocytes. In contrast to the knee and hip, ankle cartilage exhibited regenerative capacity under osteoarthritic stress, offering a model for a regeneration-permissive joint environment that could inform osteoarthritis therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ming-Feng Hsueh and Patrik Önnerfjord and Virginia B. Kraus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8440}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu8440}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anabolic indices of matrix proteins identify regenerative small RNA intrinsic to human cartilage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Domain engineering in ferroelectric nematics for nonlinear optical modulation. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu7362. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Domain engineering is essential in ferroelectric materials for controlling polar properties and attracts considerable attention because of its induced exotic phenomena and underlying rich physics. In recently discovered fluid ferroelectrics, dubbed ferroelectric nematics, the flexoelectric effect, which couples the gradient of the orientational field and the magnitude of polarizations, favors a splay polar field and can dominate over controlling polarization configurations. However, rationally designing and fabricating polarization fields with combinations of bend and twist, as well as the splay, remain a challenge. Here, we manipulate the competition between electrostatics and surface anchoring to tailor diverse polar fields including twisted vortices in ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals via the photopatterning technique. We successfully fabricate a periodic splay-bend polarization structure that enables the regulation of the polarizations of second harmonic waves at multiple diffraction orders. The flexible domain engineering opens a promising route for developing applications in nonlinear geometrical phase devices and optical information multiplexing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao-Yi Li and Xiao-Yi Xu and Jidan Yang and Yuan Liu and Lu-Yao Sun and Zhi-Jun Huang and Susanta Chakraborty and Yong Zhang and Ling-Ling Ma and Satoshi Aya and Bing-Xiang Li and Yan-Qing Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7362}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu7362}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Domain engineering in ferroelectric nematics for nonlinear optical modulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polymer encapsulation via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) to enhance stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene-based formaldehyde sensors. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu6682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {MXene is a class of compounds known for its superior electrical properties and versatile surface chemistries. However, its susceptibility to oxidation-induced degradation under ambient conditions prevents its incorporation into devices. In this work, we enhance the stability of MXene-based devices through encapsulation. We developed a sensor based on a heterojunction of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and silver nanoparticles for formaldehyde detection. This sensor is then encapsulated in poly(1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane) deposited via initiated chemical vapor deposition. Encapsulation substantially improved sensor stability, extending the half life span by more than 200%. These findings were reinforced by molecular dynamic simulations. Furthermore, upon hydration, siloxane in the encapsulant forms silanol which reacts with formaldehyde and boosts sensitivity by 1.7 times. We also demonstrate a rapid, low-energy regeneration process that enables the sensor to attain up to 90% of its previous response after degradation. These enhancements position this sensor as a reliable solution for real-time formaldehyde detection, in applications ranging from indoor air quality monitoring to industrial safety.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shwetha Sunil Kumar and Renuka H. and Nicholas Hattrup and Gerald J. Wang and Albert A. Presto and B. Reeja-Jayan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu6682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polymer encapsulation via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) to enhance stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene-based formaldehyde sensors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Complex i inhibition combined with TLR activation in the breast tumor microenvironment educates cytotoxic neutrophils. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu5915. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although effective for immunologically hot tumors, immune checkpoint inhibitors minimally affect tumors that are not T cell inflamed, including breast cancer. An alternate strategy to combat immune cold breast tumors may be to reeducate innate immunity. This study identifies strategies to skew neutrophils to acquire tumoricidal properties. Systemic Toll-like receptor (TLR)–induced inflammation, concomitant with mitochondrial complex I inhibition in breast tumors, increases neutrophil cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells and independently of CD8+ T cell immunity. These therapy-entrained neutrophils enhance secretory granule production, increasing expression of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase machinery and inducing a respiratory burst. Moreover, systemic administration of TLR agonists elevates nuclear factor κB signaling in neutrophils to increase production of secretory granule and NADPH oxidase machinery components, whereas complex I inhibitors are required to potentiate oxidative damage. In summary, we describe a class of neutrophils, educated by the combined action of inflammatory mediators and metabolic inhibitors, having tumoricidal functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {John Heath and Ryuhjin Ahn and Valerie Sabourin and Young Kyuen Im and Sabrina Rezzara Richard and Alva Annett and Caitlynn Mirabelli and Samantha Worme and Sarah M. Maritan and Caitlyn Mourcos and Anna Maria Lazaratos and Elias Maldonado and Yun Yun Shen and Forest M. White and Claudia L. Kleinman and Peter M. Siegel and Josie Ursini-Siegel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5915}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu5915}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Complex i inhibition combined with TLR activation in the breast tumor microenvironment educates cytotoxic neutrophils}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Geology and mars analog potential of the <2.7-billion-year-old miralga impact structure, north pole dome, pilbara craton, australia. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu5379. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {North Pole Dome (Pilbara Craton, Western Australia) contains unique geological analogs to early Earth and Mars. Recently discovered shatter cones in 3.47-billion-year-old (Ga) rocks reveal that it is also the site of an ancient meteorite impact. Initial reports claimed that the impact occurred at 3.47 Ga and produced a ≥100–kilometer (km) crater; we show that these age and size estimates are inaccurate. Shatter cones are radially oriented over a 6.5-km–diameter area, defining a 16-km–wide structure. Shatter cones postdate regional structures and occur in younger overlying rocks, providing unambiguous evidence that the impact occurred after ~2.7 Ga. We also report the first shocked mineral from this site, the high-pressure TiO 2 polymorph TiO 2 -II (srilankite). We provisionally name this feature the Miralga impact structure. The 3.47 Ga hydrothermally altered basalts at Miralga are the oldest known shocked terrestrial rocks, highlighting the site’s analog potential for impacts into biosignature-bearing Archean greenstones and the Martian surface.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alec R. Brenner and Aaron J. Cavosie and Jasmine Palma-Gomez and Joanna Li and Sophie-An Kingsbury Lee and Roger R. Fu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5379}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu5379}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Geology and mars analog potential of the <2.7-billion-year-old miralga impact structure, north pole dome, pilbara craton, australia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Terrestrial temperature history reveals late miocene rapid uplift of the northern tibetan plateau. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu5030. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Paleoaltimetry data are essential for deciphering the growth trajectory of orogenic plateaus and underlying forcing mechanisms. However, paleoaltitude reconstructions using conventional paleotemperature analysis often have low resolution or large calibration uncertainties. Here, we use Group III alkenones, a marine paleothermometer normally not present in terrestrial basins, to reconstruct paleolake temperatures and refine the paleoelevation history of the Qaidam Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau, during the Late Miocene. Our results reveal a geologically rapid lake-surface cooling of 6.6° ± 1.8°C at either ~11.3 to 10.8 or ~7.7 to 7.6 million years ago (depending on the chronology used). This cooling, benchmarked against coeval sea surface temperatures, indicates a topographic rise of either 1650 ± 450 or 1525 ± 450 meters. Coupled with glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether–based paleotemperatures and existing tectonic records, our findings refine the timing and pace of a rapid uplift event within the final major phase of Tibetan Plateau growth, linked to mantle lithosphere detachment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Liang and Huanye Wang and David B. Kemp and Zerui Ray Liu and Weiguo Liu and Hu Liu and Cheng Quan and Xiaobo Liu and Zhonghui Liu and Mei-Fu Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5030}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu5030}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Terrestrial temperature history reveals late miocene rapid uplift of the northern tibetan plateau}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the north american A(H5N1) outbreak reveals successive lineage replacements by descendant reassortants. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu4909. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The November 2021 introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b into North America triggered a devastating outbreak, affecting more than 180 million domestic birds and spreading to more than 80 wildlife species across Canada and the US. From this outbreak, we have sequenced 2955 complete A(H5N1) viral genomes from samples collected in Canada and, in conjunction with previously published data, performed multifaceted phylodynamic analyses. These analyses reveal extensive diversification of A(H5N1) viruses via reassortment with low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses. We find evidence of repeated ancestral strain replacement by direct descendants, indicative of compounding viral fitness increases. Spatiotemporal modeling identified critical geographic areas facilitating transcontinental spread and demonstrated genotype-specific host dynamics, offering essential data for ongoing control and prevention strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anthony V. Signore and Jolene Giacinti and Megan E. B. Jones and Cassidy N. G. Erdelyan and Angela McLaughlin and Tamiru N. Alkie and Sherri Cox and Stéphane Lair and Claire M. Jardine and Brian Stevens and Maria Bravo-Araya and Neil Pople and Margo J. Pybus and Tamiko Hisanaga and Wanhong Xu and Janice Koziuk and Oliver Lung and Peter Kruczkiewicz and Mathew Fisher and Jordan Wight and Ishraq Rahman and Kathryn E. Hargan and Andrew S. Lang and Orie Hochman and Davor Ojkic and Carmencita Yason and British Columbia Wildlife AIV Surveillance Program and Laura Bourque and Trent K. Bollinger and Jennifer F. Provencher and Sarah Ogilvie and Amanda Clark and Robyn MacPhee and Hazel Eaglesome and Sayrah Gilbert and Kelsey Saboraki and Richard Davis and Alexandra Jerao and Matthew Ginn and Catherine Soos and Yohannes Berhane}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4909}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu4909}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the north american A(H5N1) outbreak reveals successive lineage replacements by descendant reassortants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Keeping the photon in the dark: Enabling quantum dot dark state control by chirped pulses and magnetic fields. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu4261. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dark excitons in quantum dots are not directly optically accessible, which has limited their use in practical applications. Nevertheless, they offer promising features such as substantially longer lifetimes compared to bright excitons, making them attractive candidates for quantum information processing. While previous theoretical and experimental studies have explored their potential, their full capabilities remain largely untapped. In this work, we demonstrate an all-optical storage and retrieval of the spin-forbidden dark exciton in a quantum dot from the ground state using chirped pulses and an in-plane magnetic field. Our experimental findings are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions of the dynamics calculated using state-of-the-art product tensor methods. Our scheme enables an all-optical control of dark states without relying on any preceding decays. This opens up an unexplored dimension for optimal quantum control and time-bin entangled photon pair generation from quantum dots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Florian Kappe and René Schwarz and Yusuf Karli and Thomas Bracht and Vollrath M. Axt and Saimon F. Covre da Silva and Armando Rastelli and Vikas Remesh and Doris E. Reiter and Gregor Weihs}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4261}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu4261}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Keeping the photon in the dark: Enabling quantum dot dark state control by chirped pulses and magnetic fields}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonlinearity symmetry breaking for generating tunable quantum entanglement in semiconductor metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu4133. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tunable biphoton quantum entanglement generated from nonlinear flat optics is highly desirable for cutting-edge quantum technologies, yet its tunability is substantially constrained by the symmetry of material nonlinear tensors. Here, we overcome this constraint by introducing symmetry breaking in nonlinear polarization via resonant metasurfaces. While asymmetric optical responses have enabled breakthroughs in classical applications like nonreciprocal light transmission, we report the experimental demonstration of asymmetric nonlinear responses for biphoton entanglement. Using a structural-asymmetric semiconductor metasurface incorporating [110] InGaP nanoresonators, we realize continuous tuning of polarization entanglement from partially entangled states to a Bell state by adjusting the pump wavelength. We also observe pronounced spatial anti-correlations and theoretically confirm that this approach can extend to tailor hyperentanglement. Furthermore, our nanoscale entanglement source features an ultrahigh coincidence-to-accidental ratio of ≈7 × 10 4 , outperforming existing semiconductor flat optics by two orders of magnitude. Introducing asymmetric nonlinear response in quantum metasurfaces opens directions for tailoring on-demand quantum states.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinyong Ma and Tongmiao Fan and Tuomas Haggren and Laura Valencia Molina and Matthew Parry and Saniya Shinde and Caitlin McManus-Barrett and Jihua Zhang and Rocio Camacho Morales and Frank Setzpfandt and Hark Hoe Tan and Chennupati Jagadish and Dragomir N. Neshev and Andrey A. Sukhorukov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4133}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu4133}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonlinearity symmetry breaking for generating tunable quantum entanglement in semiconductor metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atlantification drives recent strengthening of the arctic overturning circulation. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu1794. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Arctic Ocean is the northern terminus of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), whose dense water masses are key to the global ocean circulation. The Arctic climate is rapidly changing, and it is not known how the Arctic Ocean overturning circulation is responding. Here, we use a high-resolution ocean reanalysis, corroborated by observations, to show that a poleward expansion of warm Atlantic waters and corresponding sea-ice loss, a phenomenon referred to as an “Atlantification” of the Arctic, has caused a poleward shift of the dense water source regions in recent decades (1993–2020). This is manifested in enhanced surface water mass transformation in the Arctic Ocean, compensating for a reduction in the Nordic Seas. The associated strengthening of the Arctic Ocean overturning circulation has ensured that the transport of dense overflow waters across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge to the AMOC’s lower limb has remained stable. Our results thus provide evidence for a resilient northern overturning circulation in a warming climate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marius Årthun and Ailin Brakstad and Jakob Dörr and Helen L. Johnson and Carlo Mans and Stefanie Semper and Kjetil Våge}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1794}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu1794}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atlantification drives recent strengthening of the arctic overturning circulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). G proteins of the g12 family expressed by POMC neurons regulate key metabolic functions. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu1670. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons play a key role in maintaining glucose and energy homeostasis. POMC neurons express many heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide–binding protein (G protein)–coupled receptors that are linked to different functional classes of G proteins. The potential role of G 12/13 in regulating the function of central POMC neurons remains unknown. To address this question, we used a chemogenetic approach to selectively stimulate G 12/13 signaling in POMC neurons. We found that receptor-mediated activation of G 12/13 signaling in POMC neurons caused notable improvements in glucose homeostasis in lean and obese mice. Stimulation of G 12/13 signaling in POMC neurons also enhanced the physiological actions of leptin. Studies with G 12/13 knockout mice showed that G 12/13 signaling in POMC neurons mediated the beneficial metabolic effects of lorcaserin, an appetite-suppressant drug that selectively activates serotonin 5-HT 2C receptors. These findings indicate that G 12/13 -coupled receptors expressed by POMC neurons represent potential targets for advanced classes of antidiabetic and appetite-suppressant drugs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dhanush Haspula and Zhenzhong Cui and Srinivas Pittala and Yinghong Cui and Huiyan Lu and Yan Xiong and Jian Jin and Oksana Gavrilova and Eunsang Hwang and Jason Ajwani and Bryan Portillo and Kevin W. Williams and Asuka Inoue and Jürgen Wess}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1670}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu1670}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {G proteins of the g12 family expressed by POMC neurons regulate key metabolic functions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Establishment of a reverse genetics system for studying human immune functions in mice. SCIADV, 11(28), eadu1561. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reverse genetics approaches in mice are widely used to understand gene functions and their aberrations in diseases. However, limitations exist in translating findings from animal models to human physiology. Humanized mice provide a powerful bridge to understanding human physiology and mechanisms of disease pathogenesis while maintaining the feasibility of working with small animals. Methods for generating humanized mouse models that allow scientists to probe contributions of particular genes have been rudimentary. Here, we established an efficient method for generating genetically modified human cord blood–derived CD34 + cells for transplantation, resulting in humanized mice with near-complete loss of specific gene expression by the human immune system. Mice transplanted with Cas9-edited human CD34 + cells recapitulate functional consequences of specific gene losses in the human immune system. Our approach enables targeted gene knockouts in humanized mice, offering a valuable tool for human gene function studies in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Priya Pal and Shuai Gao and Hongbo Gao and Xiwen Qin and Marina Cella and Qiankun Wang and Liang Shan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1561}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadu1561}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Establishment of a reverse genetics system for studying human immune functions in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PD-1 and ICOS are coexpressed in t follicular helper cells but define three stages of maturation of t follicular regulatory cells. SCIADV, 11(28), eadt8901. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Humoral responses to infection or vaccination require T cell–B cell interactions. T follicular helper (T FH ) cells drive germinal center (GC) responses by providing help to B cells, whereas T follicular regulatory (T FR ) cells regulate them. Both mature GC–located T FH and T FR cells are widely characterized by the expression of ICOS and PD-1. However, although human T FR cells share many phenotypic characteristics with T FH cells, we found that ICOS and PD-1 are up-regulated differently in each. Although T FH cells express these proteins synchronously during maturation, they define three maturation stages in T FR cells. T FR cells in an intermediate maturation stage express ICOS, and it is only at the last stage of differentiation that both molecules are expressed at high levels. Although most T FR cells within the B cell follicle are PD-1 − , the T FR within the GC are ICOS + PD-1 + . These results show that T FH and T FR cells within human lymphoid tissue follow distinct maturation stages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Filipa Ribeiro and Diogo Antunes and Ana R. Pires and José Rino and Beatriz Filipe and Kátia Jesus and Ricardo Correia and Válter R. Fonseca and Saumya Kumar and Luis Graca}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8901}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadt8901}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PD-1 and ICOS are coexpressed in t follicular helper cells but define three stages of maturation of t follicular regulatory cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). UFMylation maintains tumor suppressor pVHL stability by activating the deubiquitinase BAP1. SCIADV, 11(28), eadt8800. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {BRCA1-associated protein 1 ( BAP1 ) can function as a tumor suppressor or oncogene depending on context, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that BAP1 suppresses CRC progression primarily by deubiquitinating and stabilizing von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL). BAP1 undergoes covalent modification by ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) at Lys 51 , Lys 61 , Lys 187 , and Lys 205 , enhancing its interaction with pVHL and promoting pVHL stabilization. Loss of this modification through UFL1 depletion or reconstitution with a UFMylation-defective BAP1 mutant (4KR) impairs pVHL stabilization and promotes tumor progression in CRC cell line–based and patient-derived xenograft models. Clinically, down-regulation of UFL1 and BAP1 correlates with reduced pVHL level and poor prognosis in patients with CRC. These findings identify a previously unrecognized posttranslational mechanism regulating BAP1 activity and highlight UFMylation as essential for maintaining pVHL tumor-suppressive function. Targeting BAP1 UFMylation may represent a potential therapeutic strategy in CRC and other cancers with wild-type BAP1 and VHL .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao Yang and Yalei Wen and Shengying Qin and Yang Zhou and Caishi Zhang and Lei Huang and Mei Li and Xiuqing Ma and Rui Wan and Jiaqi Chen and Rong-Rong He and Hao Gao and Colin R. Goding and Oscar Junhong Luo and Xiangchun Shen and Rutao Cui and Tongzheng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8800}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadt8800}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {UFMylation maintains tumor suppressor pVHL stability by activating the deubiquitinase BAP1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Proteins with cognition-associated structural changes in a rat model of aging exhibit reduced refolding capacity. SCIADV, 11(28), eadt3778. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cognitive decline during aging represents a major societal burden, causing both personal and economic hardship in an increasingly aging population. Many studies have found that the proteostasis network, which functions to keep proteins properly folded, is impaired with age, suggesting that there may be many proteins that incur structural alterations with age. Here, we used limited proteolysis mass spectrometry, a structural proteomic method, to globally interrogate protein conformational changes in a rat model of cognitive aging. Specifically, we compared soluble hippocampal proteins from aged rats with preserved cognition to those from aged rats with impaired cognition. We identified a couple hundred proteins as having undergone cognition-associated structural changes (CASCs). We report that CASC proteins are substantially more likely to be nonrefoldable than non-CASC proteins, meaning that they typically cannot spontaneously refold to their native conformations after being chemically denatured. These findings suggest that noncovalent, conformational alterations may be general features in cognitive decline.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haley E. Tarbox and Audrey Branch and Stephen D. Fried}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3778}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadt3778}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Proteins with cognition-associated structural changes in a rat model of aging exhibit reduced refolding capacity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kilometric sea level changes during the messinian salinity crisis caused by river erosion and climate. SCIADV, 11(28), eads9752. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) was a short period of isolation of the Mediterranean Sea that caused the precipitation of a million cubic kilometers of salt. The puzzling sedimentary record that formed after this deposition yields conflicting values of the extent of desiccation. Estimations range from a full exposure of most of the Mediterranean seafloor based on shallow fossil fauna found in the abyss to a nearly full Mediterranean scenario as suggested by similar, fresher-water deposits ubiquitous along the coastline: the so-called Lago-Mare formation. Using a landscape evolution model of the drawdown stage constrained with paleoclimate and sediment budgets, we show that the propagation of an erosional wave into the surrounding continents added a gradual sea level rise superimposed on the climatic oscillations of the Mediterranean. This retrogressive river incision along the spillways of the Paratethys and the Pannonian basins also explains the Mediterranean transition to fresher-water conditions during the last stage of the MSC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel García-Castellanos and Hanneke Heida and Dan V. Palcu and Francesca Bulian and Francisco Sierro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9752}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads9752}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kilometric sea level changes during the messinian salinity crisis caused by river erosion and climate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dual-phoretic wireless device for directionally oriented and carrier-free targeted drug delivery. SCIADV, 11(28), eads9269. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Drug localization, release control, and penetration into solid tissues through biological tight junctions are crucial for the treatment of localized diseases with biological barriers by maximizing therapeutic efficacy of the drug and minimizing damage to normal organs. Here, we introduce a dual-phoretic wireless drug delivery system that harnesses the physical control of ion transportation: electrophoresis for controllable release and iontophoresis for directional penetration. Adjustable, pulsatile, and repeatable drug release under biological conditions is achieved using ion diodes and Zn-based electrochemical cells. Through seamless integration with iontophoretic compartments, a fourfold improvement in delivery efficiency compared to drug diffusion, reaching the core of in vivo tumor, is verified by a 3D tomographic analysis. Fully implantable and wireless operation in a simulated 2-week therapeutic scenario results in a remarkable 50% tumor reduction from the initial volume while minimizing damage to nearby normal tissue and off-target organs such as the heart, liver, spleen, and kidney.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sung-Geun Choi and Seongchan Kim and Joon-Woo Kim and Myung-Kyun Choi and Jieun Han and Dong-Jun Koo and Soo-Hwan Lee and Aejin Kim and Ji-Woo Gu and Ki Hun Kim and Ju-Yong Lee and Jae-Young Bae and Sung-Yon Kim and Jeonghyun Kim and Hyojin Lee and Seung-Kyun Kang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9269}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads9269}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dual-phoretic wireless device for directionally oriented and carrier-free targeted drug delivery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intensified atomic utilization efficiency of single-atom catalysts for nitrate conversion via electrified nanoporous membrane. SCIADV, 11(28), eads6943. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional electrochemical reactors for nitrate reduction typically suffer from limited reaction efficiency when applied for real-world water treatment due to poor utilization of electrocatalytic active sites. Here, we applied nanoporous electrofiltration to intensify atomic utilization by incorporating single-atom catalysts into an electrified membrane for reducing low-concentration nitrate to ammonia under realistic water conditions. We enhance the exposure of single atoms in nanopores by coating the catalysts on a carbon nanotube–interwoven membrane framework. Electrofiltration intensifies the transport and adsorption of nitrate in confined nanopores with highly exposed single-atom active sites to enhance reduction. The membrane enables a superior ammonia turnover frequency of 15.1 grams of nitrogen per gram of metal per hour, up to four orders of magnitude higher than that reported in the literature, under both high removal efficiency and Faradaic efficiency of over 86% when treating influents with a low nitrate concentration of 100 milligrams of nitrogen per liter in a residence time on the order of seconds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoxiong Wang and Lea R. Winter and Xuanhao Wu and Yingzheng Fan and Yumeng Zhao and Jae-Hong Kim and Menachem Elimelech}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6943}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads6943}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intensified atomic utilization efficiency of single-atom catalysts for nitrate conversion via electrified nanoporous membrane}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthetic efferocytic receptor microglia enhances anti-inflammatory clearance of amyloid-β for AD treatment in mice. SCIADV, 11(28), eads6613. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Monoclonal antibody immunotherapy targeting the clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) has shown promise in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, current antibody treatments trigger Fc receptors and induce proinflammatory responses, in turn exacerbating neuronal damage. Here, we report a synthetic efferocytic receptor (SER) integrating Aβ-targeting scFv, efferocytosis receptor backbone based on TIM4 and downstream signal for microglia (MG) reprogramming, which enabled selective elimination of Aβ without inducing an inflammatory response. Specifically, our in-house–customized MG-editing mRNA lipid nanoparticles (MERLINs) efficiently introduced SER mRNA into MG to generate Aβ-specific SER-MG in situ. SER-MG exhibited robust Aβ-specific phagocytosis and stimulated anti-inflammatory efferocytosis typical signaling in vitro. In a mouse model of AD, SER expression in the MG markedly increased the clearance of Aβ and dampened inflammation, resulting in improved behavioral outcomes along with substantially reduced synapse elimination. Our findings establish that AD-associated aberrant MG can be in situ reprogrammed with SER for Aβ clearance in an anti-inflammatory manner, with broad application in other inflammation-related diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lijuan Shao and Yi Zhang and Zhenmei Yang and Chongdeng Shi and Xiao Yue and Caiping Li and Ying Liu and Zhipeng Fu and Chunwei Tang and Xiaotian Zhao and Maosen Han and Jing Zhang and Weiyi Sun and Zichao Yao and Kaiyan Xi and Zezheng Fang and Zixu Wang and Fan Feng and Chunhong Ma and Kun Zhao and Yulin Zhang and Shilei Ni and Xinyi Jiang and Chen Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6613}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads6613}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthetic efferocytic receptor microglia enhances anti-inflammatory clearance of amyloid-β for AD treatment in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cypin regulates k63-linked polyubiquitination to shape synaptic content. SCIADV, 11(28), eads5467. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An open question in neuroscience is how protein posttranslational modifications regulate synaptic site targeting. Polyubiquitination plays a role in proteasome-mediated protein turnover; however, additional functions for specific types of polyubiquitin linkages have been identified. One type of polyubiquitination, K63-polyubiquitin (K63-polyUb), has been studied for its role in signal transduction within the context of cancer, but little has been done to uncover its role regarding neuronal and synaptic function. Here, we report an emerging function for the cytosolic PSD-95 interactor, cypin, in the regulation of synaptic content by K63-polyUb during neuronal development in vitro and in adult mice in vivo. We identify cypin-promoted K63-polyUb on postsynaptic proteins and also find an important role for cypin in presynaptic function. Our work demonstrates that cypin-promoted changes to K63-polyUb can regulate synaptic content and function on both sides of the synapse, adding important insight into basic mechanisms of neuronal signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Srinivasa R. Gandu and Ana R. Rodriguez and Jared Lamp and Mihir V. Patel and Kiran Madura and Irving E. Vega and Bonnie L. Firestein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5467}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads5467}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cypin regulates k63-linked polyubiquitination to shape synaptic content}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Down-regulation of human-specific lncRNA TMEM9B-AS1 in skeletal muscle of people with type 2 diabetes affects ribosomal biogenesis. SCIADV, 11(28), eads4371. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of skeletal muscle physiology, with altered expression noted in several human diseases including type 2 diabetes. We report that TMEM9B-AS1, a previously uncharacterized lncRNA, is down-regulated in skeletal muscle of men with type 2 diabetes and skeletal muscle from individuals with sarcopenia. Silencing of TMEM9B-AS1 in primary human myotubes attenuated protein synthesis, concomitant with reduced phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6. Moreover, we show that TMEM9B-AS1 plays a pivotal role in regulation of ribosomal biogenesis by facilitating messenger RNA stabilization of the transcription factor MYC through direct physical interaction with the RNA binding protein, insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1). Disrupted ribosomal biogenesis resulting from TMEM9B-AS1 silencing leads to decreased expression of muscle contractile and structural proteins important for maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and function. Collectively, our data reveal a role of TMEM9B-AS1 in skeletal muscle loss associated with metabolic disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ilke Sen and Jonathon A. B. Smith and Elena Caria and Iurii Orlov and Mladen Savikj and Aidan J. Brady and Kristian Lian and Stian Ellefsen and Juleen R. Zierath and Anna Krook}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4371}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads4371}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Down-regulation of human-specific lncRNA TMEM9B-AS1 in skeletal muscle of people with type 2 diabetes affects ribosomal biogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exogenous activation of the adhesion GPCR ADGRD1/GPR133 protects against bone loss by negatively regulating osteoclastogenesis. SCIADV, 11(28), eads3829. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adhesion G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) play crucial roles in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. However, the functions of adhesion GPCRs remain poorly understood because of the lack of effective modulators. Here, we used the adhesion GPCR D1 (ADGRD1/GPR133) as a model to unveil a strategy for finding exogenous agonists that target adhesion GPCRs while revealing previously unidentified functions of ADGRD1. We identified the small molecule GL64 as a selective agonist of ADGRD1. GL64 activates ADGRD1 by mimicking the stachel sequence. Using GL64 as a chemical tool, we demonstrated that ADGRD1 negatively regulates bone loss by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. The cAMP-PKA-NFATC1 pathway was identified as the downstream signaling pathway of ADGRD1 in osteoclasts. Furthermore, administering GL64 prevented bone loss and suppressed osteoclast activity in the osteoporosis mouse model induced by ovariectomy. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the activation of adhesion GPCRs by exogenous agonists and underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting ADGRD1 in osteoclast-related diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liang He and Qiansen Zhang and Yu You and Peng Sun and Ziwei Xu and Rong Li and Fanhua Wang and Shaoying Zhang and Jiangnan He and Juwen Shen and Lei Zhao and Yang Hong and Yinghua Li and Mingyao Liu and Jin-peng Sun and Ning Wang and Yeqing Sun and Huaiyu Yang and Jian Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3829}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads3829}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exogenous activation of the adhesion GPCR ADGRD1/GPR133 protects against bone loss by negatively regulating osteoclastogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autonomous bioluminescence emission from transgenic mice. SCIADV, 11(28), eads0463. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The bacterial bioluminescence system can be applied to produce autonomous bioluminescence in mammalian cells. Until now, the system has only been stably inserted into cells cultured in vitro. Here, we report the generation of an autobioluminescent transgenic mouse line constitutively expressing the genes of the bacterial bioluminescence system, enabling substrate-free in vivo luminescence imaging of a living mammal.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kamila A. Kiszka and Christian Dullin and Heinz Steffens and Tanja Koenen and Ellen Rothermel and Frauke Alves and Carola Gregor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0463}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eads0463}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autonomous bioluminescence emission from transgenic mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Extracellular vesicle–hitchhiking nanoliposomes for cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype modulation impede metastasis progression. SCIADV, 11(28), eadr5635. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metastasis represents a crucial cancer progression and is promoted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Modulating CAFs in distant metastasis is challenging due to their diverse phenotypes and the lack of effective delivery strategies. Inspired by the tropism of tumor extracellular vesicles (Evs) expressing specific integrins toward fibroblasts, we developed a labeling strategy for both tumors and tumor-derived Evs. Our modified nanoliposomes, by hitchhiking on these labeled Evs, concentrated in CAFs at distant metastatic sites while simultaneously targeting the labeled tumor. This Ev-hitchhiking strategy, in combination with the loaded drugs ATRA and lenvatinib, efficiently regulated the myogenic and inflammatory characteristics of CAFs, remodeled the metastatic microenvironment, and suppressed tumor growth and metastasis. The labeling and Ev-hitchhiking approach holds promise for enhancing tumor elimination and modulating CAFs or other Ev-activated cells in distant metastasis, offering a potential breakthrough in cancer therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fang Chen and Zhidi He and Rong Guo and Min Li and Jiaxin Li and Yashi Wang and Xuan He and Zhipeng Tian and Xiaoli Ling and Lin Xiong and Wenjing Bai and Man Li and Qin He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5635}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadr5635}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Extracellular vesicle–hitchhiking nanoliposomes for cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype modulation impede metastasis progression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Change-of-mind neuroeconomic decision-making is modulated by LINC00473 in medial prefrontal cortex in a sex-dependent manner. SCIADV, 11(28), eadr3228. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Changing one’s mind involves reappraisals between past costs versus future value and may be altered in psychopathology. Long intergenic noncoding RNA LINC00473 in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) can induce stress resilience in a sex-dependent manner, but its role in cognition is unknown. We characterized decision-making behavior in male and female mice in the neuroeconomic paradigm Restaurant Row following virus-mediated expression of LINC00473 in mPFC. Mice foraged for food among varying temporal costs and subjective value while on a limited time budget. Without affecting primary deliberative decisions, LINC00473 selectively influenced re-evaluative choices in a sex-dependent manner. This included changing how mice (i) cached value with the passage of time and (ii) weighed prior mistakes, which underlie the computational bases of sensitivity to sunk costs and regret. These findings suggest that a common value function is shared between these neuroeconomic processes and reveal a bridge between molecular drivers of stress resilience and psychological mechanisms underlying sex-specific proclivities in negative rumination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Romain Durand-de Cuttoli and Orna Issler and Samantha M. B. Pedersen and Benjamin Yakubov and Nusrat Jahan and Aisha Abid and Susanna Kasparov and Kastalia Granizo and Sanjana Ahmed and Scott J. Russo and Eric J. Nestler and Brian M. Sweis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3228}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadr3228}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Change-of-mind neuroeconomic decision-making is modulated by LINC00473 in medial prefrontal cortex in a sex-dependent manner}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Striatal dopamine signals errors in prediction across different informational domains. SCIADV, 11(28), eadq9684. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dopamine is classically thought to drive learning based on errors in the prediction of rewards and punishments. However, animals also learn to predict cues with no intrinsic value or biological relevance to ongoing behavior, and it is unclear whether such latent learning also relies on dopaminergic prediction errors. Here, we tested this by recording dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens and dorsomedial striatum while rats executed a sensory preconditioning task that incorporated both types of learning. We found that dopamine release in both regions correlated with errors in predicting value-neutral cues during latent learning and with errors in predicting reward during reward-based conditioning. Moreover, dopamine in the nucleus accumbens reflected inferred value in the probe test, supported by orbitofrontal cortex activity. Our findings show that dopamine signals prediction errors about both valued and neutral stimuli, consistent with its operation as a general teaching signal that supports learning across different informational domains.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kauê M. Costa and Akihiro Shimbo and Thomas Stalnaker and Nishika Raheja and Jash Mirani and Courtney Sercander and Geoffrey Schoenbaum}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9684}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadq9684}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Striatal dopamine signals errors in prediction across different informational domains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cold-air outbreaks in the continental US: Connections with stratospheric variations. SCIADV, 11(28), eadq9557. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere extreme cold events continue to occur despite overall winter warming trends. These events have been linked to weakened stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) states. In this study, we analyze both the upper and lower polar stratosphere for links to extreme winter cold and snow in the continental US, finding two SPV variations of interest. The first features an upper-level vortex displaced toward western Canada and linked to northwestern US severe winter weather. The second features a weakened upper-level vortex displaced toward the North Atlantic and linked to central-eastern US severe winter weather. Both variations feature lower-level stretched vortices and stratospheric wave reflection. Since 2015, a northwestward shift in severe winter weather across the US is concurrent with an increase in the frequency of the westward-focused variation relative to the eastward-focused variation and a shift to more negative phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laurie Agel and Judah Cohen and Mathew Barlow and Karl Pfeiffer and Jennifer Francis and Chaim I. Garfinkel and Marlene Kretchmer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9557}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadq9557}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cold-air outbreaks in the continental US: Connections with stratospheric variations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrastable lasing from perovskite colloidal nanocrystals. SCIADV, 11(28), eadq9002. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising candidates for a variety of optoelectronic devices, including lasing applications. However, the intrinsic stability issue of halide perovskites, especially under strong excitation conditions required for lasing, remains to be solved. Previous development of perovskite lasing has been largely limited to proof-of-concept devices with short operation time. Here, we report remarkably stable green lasing from colloidal CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals dispersed in liquids placed in a Fabry-Pérot cavity under excitation by nanosecond pulses. The output intensity of this laser is stable for more than 10 days of continuous operation. Transient absorption measurements reveal that the optical power efficiency of the laser is limited by the relatively short gain lifetime of NCs (160 ps), which nevertheless can be enhanced to 4.2% by implementing a double-pulse excitation scheme. Deep-red liquid lasing from CsPbI 3 nanocrystals has also been achieved, suggesting the feasibility to develop perovskite liquid lasers that are seamlessly tunable across the whole visible spectrum.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueyang Li and Yuxi Jia and Meng Liu and Shutong He and Jingwei Guo and Kaifeng Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9002}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadq9002}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrastable lasing from perovskite colloidal nanocrystals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Parallel evolution of salinity tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana accessions from cape verde islands. SCIADV, 11(28), eadq8210. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soil salinization poses a notable threat to agriculture. The Cape Verde Islands are located 600 km off the coast of Africa and are characterized by arid environments and high-salinity soils. Here, we find that Arabidopsis thaliana plants native to these islands accumulate glucuronyl-mannose that protects them from salt stress. We map the ability to produce this metabolite to an α glycosidase family 38 gene that we named GH38cv . Plants carrying mutant alleles of GH38cv do not present defects on growth, fitness, or biotic resistance under standard laboratory conditions but show better germination rates, longer roots, better hydric status, and higher fitness than nonmutated plants when exposed to salt stress. Notably, deleterious mutations in GH38cv have evolved independently on two separate islands within the Cape Verde archipelago, illustrating an example of parallel evolution for salt tolerance in this environment. Our findings reveal a knowledge-driven method to develop salt-resilient crops, which could be attractive to both conventional and organic agriculture.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Félix J. Martínez Rivas and Dorothee Wozny and Zeyun Xue and Elodie Gilbault and Thomas Sapir and Melissa Rouille and Antony Ricou and Joaquín Medina and Laurent D. Noël and Emmanuelle Lauber and Aline Voxeur and Marianne Mazier and Olivier Loudet and Gilles Clément and Jose M. Jiménez-Gómez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8210}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadq8210}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Parallel evolution of salinity tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana accessions from cape verde islands}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Developmental pb exposure increases rate of forgetting on a delayed matching-to-sample task among mexican children. SCIADV, 11(28), eadq4495. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead (Pb) is a potent neurotoxicant, but few studies have evaluated its effect on neurobehavioral measures that can be used in multiple species including humans. We investigated the effect of prenatal and childhood Pb exposure on children’s rate of forgetting using a delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) task among children 6 to 8 years of age. Blood Pb was measured during pregnancy (second and third trimesters) and at 4 to 6 years of age. A nonlinear modified power function was used to predict the forgetting rates on the DMTS task, using separate models for prenatal and childhood Pb. Higher childhood Pb [median (interquartile range), 1.7 (1.3) (μg/dl)] was associated with a faster rate of forgetting (β = −0.05; 95% confidence interval: −0.09, −0.01). Higher maternal intelligence quotient and child’s age were significantly associated with a slower rate of forgetting. We validated a unique power function statistical approach for rates of forgetting using Pb exposure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katherine Svensson and Jamil M. Lane and John J. Chelonis and Chris Gennings and David C. Bellinger and Carmen Hernández-Chávez and Ivan Pantic and Martha M. Téllez-Rojo and Robert O. Wright}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4495}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadq4495}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Developmental pb exposure increases rate of forgetting on a delayed matching-to-sample task among mexican children}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiscale analysis of equatorial sclera anisotropy: Revealing discrepancies in fiber orientation and mechanical properties. SCIADV, 11(28), eadp8631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The sclera, the eye’s primary load-bearing tissue, substantially influences the globe’s response to intraocular pressure. Although the mechanical properties of the anterior and posterior segments have been extensively studied, the equatorial sclera’s properties remain underexplored, limiting our understanding of ocular conditions like myopia, ocular trauma, and glaucoma. Traditional studies that rely solely on fiber orientation to explain scleral mechanics may overlook the tissue’s complex biomechanical behavior. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive investigation using ultrasonic elastography, optical coherence elastography, and polarizing light microscopy to analyze the equatorial sclera’s anisotropic properties. Our findings reveal a counterintuitive result: Mechanical anisotropy in the equatorial sclera contradicts preferred fiber orientation. This integrated approach not only challenges prevailing models of scleral biomechanics but also provides fundamental insights into the mechanisms underlying key ocular conditions, highlighting the importance of multimodal and multiscale analyses in biological tissue research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Runze Li and Yi Hua and Fengyi Zhang and Xuejun Qian and Chen Gong and Xiao Wan and Susannah Waxman and Yushun Zeng and Ziyuan Che and Junhang Zhang and Wei Jin and Mark S. Humayun and Zhongping Chen and Ian A. Sigal and Qifa Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadp8631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiscale analysis of equatorial sclera anisotropy: Revealing discrepancies in fiber orientation and mechanical properties}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamically covalent lipid nanoparticles mediate CRISPR-cas9 genome editing against choroidal neovascularization in mice. SCIADV, 11(28), eadj0006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As an important modality for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) treatment, intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) inhibitors suffers from undesired response rate, low patient compliance, and ocular damage. Here, dynamically covalent lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) were engineered to mediate VEGFA gene editing and CNV treatment by codelivering Cas9 mRNA (mCas9) and single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting VEGFA (sgVEGFA). A library of lipidoids bearing iminoboronate ester linkage was developed via facile “one-pot” synthesis, and the top-performing lipidoid-A 4 B 3 C 7 was formulated into LNP-A 4 B 3 C 7 with the highest mRNA transfection efficiency. Inside the diseased retinal pigment epithelial cells, LNPs were dissociated upon H 2 O 2 -triggered lipidoid degradation, facilitating mRNA/sgRNA release to potentiate the gene editing efficiency. In laser-induced CNV mice, mCas9/sgVEGFA@LNP-A 4 B 3 C 7 after single intravitreal injection led to pronounced VEGFA disruption and CNV area reduction, outperforming the clinical anti-VEGF drug in eliciting sustained therapeutic effect. This study establishes a robust nonviral platform for mRNA delivery and genome editing and renders a promising strategy for CNV treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Desheng Cao and Junliang Zhu and Yang Guo and Yang Zhou and Jia Zeng and Yuanyuan Tu and Ziyin Zhao and Laiqing Xie and E Song and Manhui Zhu and Lichen Yin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adj0006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {28}, pages = {eadj0006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamically covalent lipid nanoparticles mediate CRISPR-cas9 genome editing against choroidal neovascularization in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Will we habituate to the decline of democracy?. SCIADV, 11(27), eadz8654. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The recent attack on science in the US is not only undermining knowledge; it is also undermining democracy. In a healthy democracy, public policy is guided by evidence, and truth is the shared foundation for collective decision-making. When scientific expertise is dismissed or hidden in favor of ideology, it becomes harder for citizens to deliberate, to solve problems, and to hold leaders accountable. The diminution and marginalization of science are thus central parts of the erosion of democracy itself.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tali Sharot and Cass R. Sunstein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz8654}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadz8654}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Will we habituate to the decline of democracy?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Near-infrared light-triggered NO release for spinal cord injury repair” by y. jiang et al.. SCIADV, 11(27), eadz6504. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published version of fig. S2C in the Research Article “Near-infrared light-triggered NO release for spinal cord injury repair” by Y. Jiang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz6504}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadz6504}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Near-infrared light-triggered NO release for spinal cord injury repair” by y. jiang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Inhibition of chk2 promotes neuroprotection, axon regeneration, and functional recovery after CNS injury” by m. taylor et al.. SCIADV, 11(27), eadz5883. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Inhibition of Chk2 promotes neuroprotection, axon regeneration, and functional recovery after CNS injury” by M. Taylor et al. contained the incorrect representative image for ONC + Chk1i in Fig. 8G (middle). The authors inadvertently used an image for a control group. In addition, the “Intact” image in Fig. 8E was reused from a published paper that was not credited in the caption.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz5883}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadz5883}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Inhibition of chk2 promotes neuroprotection, axon regeneration, and functional recovery after CNS injury” by m. taylor et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic, multiphase magnetic resonance imaging of in vivo physiological processes with long-lived hyperpolarized 15N,d9-betaine. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx8417. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (HypMRI) offers valuable insights into dynamic physiological processes in vivo. However, the short signal lifetime of hyperpolarized 13 C-labeled compounds commonly used in HypMRI studies restricts investigations to fast molecular reactions and rapid distributions. Here, we introduce hyperpolarized 15 N,d 9 -betaine (trimethyl- 2 H 9 - 15 N-glycine) as an endogenous MRI contrast agent with a long-lived signal suited for comprehensive molecular tracking. With in vivo detectability exceeding 14 minutes and high polarization efficiency, 15 N,d 9 -betaine supports both real-time and delayed-phase MRI from a single dose, enabling flexible, multistage imaging. In preclinical models, renal 15 N,d 9 -betaine images were acquired with strong signal-to-noise ratios across resolutions. This extended imaging window facilitates tracking molecular distribution, assessing tissue perfusion, and monitoring cellular uptake relevant to betaine’s roles in cellular protection. By extending MRI capabilities across timescales, hyperpolarized 15 N,d 9 -betaine holds promise for applications like organ function assessment, disease monitoring, and real-time evaluation of therapeutic interventions, advancing noninvasive molecular imaging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ingeborg S. Skre and Magnus Karlsson and Juan Diego Sánchez-Heredia and Rie B. Olin and Mathilde H. Lerche}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8417}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx8417}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic, multiphase magnetic resonance imaging of in vivo physiological processes with long-lived hyperpolarized 15N,d9-betaine}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonliving dehydrated leaves-inspired surface anti-wrinkling. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx7398. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {“Living” organisms in nature exhibit robust and biologically intelligent surface anti-wrinkling. Nonetheless, the complexities of self-regulating stress or structural characteristics through growth or gene expression render the anti-wrinkling of “nonliving” artificial surfaces using bionic principles a pressing yet formidable challenge. Here, inspired by nonliving dehydrated leaves, we propose an on-demand customizable, material invariant, parametric surface anti-wrinkling strategy using leaf vein–imitated boundary curvature–coupled constraints. This strategy allows for an exact surface customization with enhanced anti-wrinkling capability, tailored to specific anti-wrinkling demands while maintaining the original cross-section materials. The defined parameters, anti-wrinkling width and concave radius, are customized by the anti-wrinkling design criteria via the dimensionless dual-correction stiffness model, which are simple linear or quadratic functions of anti-wrinkling demands and cross-section properties. Experiments at different scales and materials validate the correctness of the design criteria. The strategy in this study is effective on diverse wrinkle-prone surfaces at multiple scales and can inform real engineering design of the nonliving artificial surfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xin-Lu Deng and Kai-Ming Hu and Wen-Qiang Yuan and Zhi-Qi Dong and Heng Zou and Fan Yang and Xue-Song Jiang and Guang Meng and Wen-Ming Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7398}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx7398}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonliving dehydrated leaves-inspired surface anti-wrinkling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Semiconductor-metal transition powers high-efficiency MgAgSb thermoelectrics. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx7115. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Because of the inferior thermoelectric performance of metals, the semiconductor-to-metal transition in thermoelectric materials is always avoided. Here, we demonstrate that α-to-β semiconductor-metal transition in MgAgSb is actually not detrimental but can be strategically exploited to create α/β-MgAgSb junction, enabling 150% enhancement in output power while maintaining high conversion efficiency. This power enhancement lies in the notably reduced internal resistance induced by semiconductor-to-metal transition, which is independent of dimensional changes. Consequently, α/β-MgAgSb can simultaneously achieve high maximum conversion efficiency exceeding 10% (9%) and maximum power density above 1 (0.9) W cm −2 by simulation (experiment), outperforming most p-type materials under identical conditions. In addition, a two-pair thermoelectric module combining α/β-MgAgSb with n-type Mg 3 Sb 0.6 Bi 1.4 achieves an unprecedented power density, representing notable advancements over existing Mg 3 (Sb,Bi) 2 /MgAgSb two-pair system. These findings highlight the immense potential of α/β-MgAgSb for thermoelectric applications and provide insights into the design of high-power thermoelectrics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Airan Li and Longquan Wang and Xinzhi Wu and Jiankang Li and Xinyuan Wang and Gang Wu and Zhao Hu and Takao Mori}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7115}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx7115}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Semiconductor-metal transition powers high-efficiency MgAgSb thermoelectrics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Small molecule OPA1 inhibitors amplify cytochrome c release and reverse cancer cells resistance to bcl-2 inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx4562. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of the mitochondrial dynamin-related protein Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1) regulates cristae remodeling, cytochrome c release, and apoptosis. Elevated OPA1 levels in multiple cancers correlate with reduced therapy sensitivity and poor survival, calling for specific OPA1 GTPase inhibitors. A high-throughput screening of ~10,000 compounds identified MYLS22, a heterocyclic N -pyrazole derivative as a reversible, noncompetitive OPA1 GTPase inhibitor. MYLS22 engaged with OPA1 in vitro and in cells where it induced cristae remodeling and mitochondrial fragmentation contingent on intactness of its predicted OPA1 binding site. MYLS22 enhanced proapoptotic cytochrome c release and sensitized breast adenocarcinoma cells to anti–Bcl-2 therapy, without toxicity on noncancer cells. By MYLS22 structure-activity relationship studies, we obtained Opa1 inhibitor 0 (Opitor-0) that inhibited OPA1, promoted cytochrome c release, and restored anti–Bcl-2 therapy sensitivity more efficiently than MYLS22. These chemical probes validate OPA1 as a therapeutic target to increase cancer cell apoptosis at the mitochondrial level.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anna Pellattiero and Charlotte Quirin and Federico Magrin and Mattia Sturlese and Alberto Fracasso and Nikolaos Biris and Stéphanie Herkenne and Laura Cendron and Evripidis Gavathiotis and Stefano Moro and Andrea Mattarei and Luca Scorrano}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4562}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx4562}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Small molecule OPA1 inhibitors amplify cytochrome c release and reverse cancer cells resistance to bcl-2 inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oxidized sediment recycling as a driver for postsubduction porphyry copper formation. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx4474. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanisms driving the elevated oxidation state of postsubduction porphyry magmas and porphyry copper mineralization are still not fully understood. We present an integrated study of trace elemental and Mg-Hg isotopic compositions of pre-, syn-, and postcollisional magmatic rocks from the eastern Gangdese belt in southern Tibet. Our findings show increased magmatic oxidation states linked to the enrichment of terrigenous sediments from Neo-Tethys subduction to postcollision, as evidenced by distinctive mass-independent Hg isotope fractionation in postcollisional porphyries (Δ 199 Hg = −0.25 to 0.22‰) and mantle-derived ultrapotassic rocks (Δ 199 Hg = −0.54 to 0.25‰) and negative δ 26 Mg values in ultrapotassic rocks (δ 26 Mg = −0.51 to −0.04‰). These results suggest that oxidation of postcollisional magmas was driven by the subduction of carbonates and/or sulfates from the Indian plate, enhancing metal enrichment. This finding challenges the traditional view that oceanic subduction primarily drives porphyry copper formation, highlighting the significance of continental subduction processes in metallogenic models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiming Yang and Xiang Sun and Massimo Chiaradia and Yongjun Lu and Runsheng Yin and Zengqian Hou and Huawei Li and Yiwei Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4474}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx4474}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oxidized sediment recycling as a driver for postsubduction porphyry copper formation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optical tweeze-sectioning microscopy for 3D imaging and manipulation of suspended cells. SCIADV, 11(27), eadx3900. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical manipulation and detection of biological particulates are crucial procedures in biophotonics. Optical sectioning (OS) opens the avenue to three-dimensional (3D) microscopy, but nonoptical approaches, including sample adhesion and mechanical scanning, have always been required in this technique, rendering it impossible to image suspended cells. Here, we develop optical tweeze-sectioning microscopy by coupling structured illumination microscopy (SIM) with holographic optical tweezers (HOTs). By sculpting light in HOTs, we demonstrate that the position fluctuations of suspended yeast cells can be optically squeezed to tens of nanometers, which is sufficient for the implementation of OS with SIM. Sample scanning is achieved through optical delivery of the cells, instead of translation stages as in the conventional way. Our work presents an all-optical solution for OS, broadening its application to nonadherent, suspended cells. It further furnishes the original technique that enables both SIM-based 3D imaging and optical manipulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xing Li and Dan Dan and Siarhei Zavatski and Wenyu Gao and Qiang Zhang and Yuan Zhou and Jia Qian and Yanlong Yang and Xianghua Yu and Shaohui Yan and Xiaohao Xu and Olivier J. F. Martin and Baoli Yao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3900}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadx3900}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optical tweeze-sectioning microscopy for 3D imaging and manipulation of suspended cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonreciprocal transport in a room-temperature chiral magnet. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw8023. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chiral magnets under broken time-reversal symmetry can give rise to rectification of moving electrons, called nonreciprocal transport. Several mechanisms, such as the spin fluctuation–induced chiral scattering and asymmetry in the electronic band dispersion with and without the relativistic spin-orbit interaction, have been proposed, but clear identification and theoretical description of these different contributions are desired for full understanding of nonreciprocal transport phenomena. Here, we investigate a chiral magnet Co 8 Zn 9 Mn 3 and find the nonreciprocal transport phenomena consisting of different contributions with distinct field and temperature dependence across the magnetic phase diagram over a wide temperature range including above room temperature. We successfully separate the nonreciprocal resistivity into different components and identify their mechanisms as spin fluctuation–induced chiral scattering and band asymmetry in a single material with the help of theoretical calculations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daisuke Nakamura and Mu-Kun Lee and Kosuke Karube and Masahito Mochizuki and Naoto Nagaosa and Yoshinori Tokura and Yasujiro Taguchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw8023}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw8023}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonreciprocal transport in a room-temperature chiral magnet}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Universal dimensions of visual representation. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw7697. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Do visual neural networks learn brain-aligned representations because they share architectural constraints and task objectives with biological vision or because they share universal features of natural image processing? We characterized the universality of hundreds of thousands of representational dimensions from networks with different architectures, tasks, and training data. We found that diverse networks learn to represent natural images using a shared set of latent dimensions, despite having highly distinct designs. Next, by comparing these networks with human brain representations measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that the most brain-aligned representations in neural networks are those that are universal and independent of a network’s specific characteristics. Each network can be reduced to fewer than 10 of its most universal dimensions with little impact on its representational similarity to the brain. These results suggest that the underlying similarities between artificial and biological vision are primarily governed by a core set of universal representations that are convergently learned by diverse systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zirui Chen and Michael F. Bonner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7697}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw7697}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Universal dimensions of visual representation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Macrophage-mimicking nanodiscs for treating systemic infection caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw7511. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibiotic-resistant bacteria represent a critical public health challenge, underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Inspired by the unique properties of cell membrane–derived nanodiscs, particularly their ultrasmall size and intrinsic membrane functions, we develop macrophage membrane–derived nanodiscs (denoted “MФ-NDs”) as a nanomedicine for the treatment of systemic bacterial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Our findings demonstrate that MФ-NDs interact directly with bacteria, disrupting their membranes, inducing leakage of intracellular contents, and ultimately causing bacterial death. Meanwhile, MФ-NDs reduce intracellular bacterial count. In a mouse model of systemic MRSA infection, treatment with MФ-NDs significantly improves survival rates in both therapeutic and preventative contexts. Moreover, MФ-NDs show a lower propensity to induce bacterial resistance compared to conventional small-molecule antibiotics. No acute toxicity is observed in mice treated with MФ-NDs. Overall, this study underscores the straightforward fabrication and promising potential of MФ-NDs for addressing antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kailin Feng and Lei Sun and Zhidong Zhou and Jiayuan Alex Zhang and Ronnie H. Fang and Weiwei Gao and Liangfang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7511}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw7511}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Macrophage-mimicking nanodiscs for treating systemic infection caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A self-supervised robotic system for autonomous contact-based spatial mapping of semiconductor properties. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw7071. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrating robotically driven contact-based material characterization techniques into self-driving laboratories can enhance measurement quality, reliability, and throughput. While deep learning models support robust autonomy, current methods lack reliable pixel-precision positioning and require extensive labeled data. To overcome these challenges, we propose an approach for building self-supervised autonomy into contact-based robotic systems that teach the robot to follow domain expert measurement principles at high throughputs. We demonstrate the performance of this approach by autonomously driving a 4-DOF robotic probe for 24 hours to characterize semiconductor photoconductivity at 3025 uniquely predicted poses across a gradient of drop-casted perovskite film compositions, achieving throughputs of more than 125 measurements per hour. Spatially mapping photoconductivity onto each drop-casted film reveals compositional trends and regions of inhomogeneity, valuable for identifying manufacturing defects. With this self-supervised neural network–driven robotic system, we enable high-precision and reliable automation of contact-based characterization techniques at high throughputs, thereby allowing measurement of previously inaccessible yet important semiconductor properties for self-driving laboratories.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander E. Siemenn and Basita Das and Kangyu Ji and Fang Sheng and Tonio Buonassisi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7071}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw7071}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A self-supervised robotic system for autonomous contact-based spatial mapping of semiconductor properties}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-powered green energy–harvesting and sensing interfaces based on hygroscopic gel and water-locking effects. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw5991. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rapid proliferation of flexible electronics necessitates the development of self-powered energy harvesting systems with continuous power output and sensing signal monitoring. In this study, inspired by transient voltage output (0.2 volts, <1 hour) through dipping water droplets on metal oxide substrates, a self-sustained energy harvesting and sensing interface (SEHSI, 0.32 volts, >4 days) is proposed by replacing movable water droplets with “confined” moisture, harvested and locked by a hygroscopic polymeric gel with high sorption capacity and rapid sorption-desorption kinetics. Further analysis reveals the capacitive behavior of SEHSI, leading to excellent tactile sensing capabilities with high sensitivity and rapid responsiveness, and humidity and temperature response with robust cyclic stability for over 10,000 cycles. Such all-in-one powering and sensing platforms demonstrate promising application potential in self-powered human-machine interactions, including breath status monitoring, contactless motion detection, and braille detection. Our design establishes a promising approach to developing self-powered energy harvesting and sensing systems for human-machine interfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuai Guo and Shubham Patel and Junhui Wang and Zhen Yu and Hao Qu and Songlin Zhang and Kexin Yu and Siqi Liu and J. Justin Koh and Xue Qi Koh and Zi-En Ooi and Debbie Hwee Leng Seng and Wanxin Sun and Lin Yang and Yaoxin Zhang and John Wang and Sai Kishore Ravi and Cunjiang Yu and Swee Ching Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5991}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw5991}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-powered green energy–harvesting and sensing interfaces based on hygroscopic gel and water-locking effects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reinvented sodium anode by creating a metal-bulk storage matrix with an expanded 3D plating/stripping mechanism. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw5701. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Direct metal anodes are plating/stripping processes without a supporting framework and bulk ion conductivity; they are the electrodes susceptible to collapse and limiting the electrochemical reaction to the two-dimensional surface. The focus of this era is mostly on building a solid electrolyte interface (SEI). However, simply building protective layers cannot address essential issues; a thorough transformation of the metal electrode bulk is critical. We propose a reconstructed sodium metal anode (RSMA) by implanting an activatable ion-conductive network to the bulk. NaPF 6 will be activated with an electrolyte to conduct ions and form an anion-derived SEI. Conductive polymers become the supporting skeleton; thus, the RSMA has a metal-bulk storage matrix and an expanded three-dimensional plating/stripping mechanism and permits the homogeneous deposition/dissolution of Na + in high dimensions. Last, RSMA symmetric cells were stably cycled for 2700 hours and achieved a 100% depth of discharge. RSMA||PB cells can achieve 10-coulomb cycling and a proof-of-concept pouch cell energy density of 367 watt-hours per kilogram.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chutao Wang and Kun Wang and Hongbin Ni and Congcong Du and Xiaoting Yin and Jingmin Fan and Ruming Yuan and Yuxin Tang and Jiawei Yan and Mingsen Zheng and Quanfeng Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5701}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw5701}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reinvented sodium anode by creating a metal-bulk storage matrix with an expanded 3D plating/stripping mechanism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Loss of the PPE71-esxX-esxY-PPE38 locus drives adaptive transcriptional responses and hypervirulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 2. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw5194. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) is remarkable for its immense global disease burden and low mutation rate. Despite strong selective pressure, M.tb shows frequent deletions at the PPE71 – 38 locus, most notably in hypervirulent L2 Beijing strains. Here, we show that loss of the PPE71 – 38 locus causes increased stress response gene expression and increased triglyceride levels. In addition, we demonstrate that reintroduction of PPE71 into the L2 strain HN878 suppresses the baseline elevation of these transcripts, while overexpression of PPE71 increases the localization of PE_PGRS proteins and lipoproteins to the M.tb outer mycomembrane. Mouse infection confirmed the hypervirulence of the PPE71 – 38 deletion strain and conversely showed that PPE71 overexpression attenuates M.tb . Our results indicate that loss of PPE71 – 38 is sufficient to drive an adaptive transcriptional response seen in M.tb L2 strains that likely contributes to the hypervirulence of this lineage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Benjamin Koleske and Courtney Schill and Saranathan Rajagopalan and Somnath Shee and Yazmin B. Martinez-Martinez and Manish Gupta and Jessica Shen and William R. Jacobs Jr. and William R. Bishai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5194}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw5194}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Loss of the PPE71-esxX-esxY-PPE38 locus drives adaptive transcriptional responses and hypervirulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial-offset pump-probe imaging of nonradiative dynamics at optical resolution. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw4939. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonradiative photothermal (PT) and photoacoustic (PA) processes have found widespread applications in imaging, stimulation, and therapy. Mapping the generation and propagation of PA and PT waves with high resolution is important to elucidate the interaction between nonradiative fields and biological systems. To this end, we introduce spatial-offset pump-probe imaging (SOPPI). By spatially offsetting the pump beam and the probe beam, SOPPI allows simultaneous imaging of PA/PT wave propagation with nanosecond temporal resolution, micrometer spatial resolution, 65-megahertz detection bandwidth, and a sensitivity of 9.9-pascal noise equivalent pressure. First, the PA and PT evolution from a fiber emitter and the subsequent wave interaction with a mouse skull and brain slices are demonstrated. Then, using water as the absorber, a wavelength-dependent PA/PT generation, evanescent wave–generated PA, and a back-propagated acoustic Mach cone with a tapered fiber are recorded. At last, a SOPPI-PACT is developed to reconstruct the pigment distribution inside a zebrafish larva with high precision and signal-to-noise ratio.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guo Chen and Yuhao Yuan and Hongli Ni and Guangrui Ding and Mingsheng Li and Yifan Zhu and Deming Li and Hongru Zeng and Hongjian He and Zhongyue Guo and Ji-Xin Cheng and Chen Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4939}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw4939}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial-offset pump-probe imaging of nonradiative dynamics at optical resolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum-enhanced second harmonic generation beyond the photon pairs regime. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw4820. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-photon processes are crucial in applications like microscopy and microfabrication, but their low cross section requires intense illumination and limits, e.g., the penetration depth in nonlinear microscopy. Entangled states have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of two-photon interactions and have shown effectiveness at low intensities. This quantum enhancement is generally believed to be lost at high intensities, for more than one photon per mode, raising doubts about its usefulness. We explored experimentally and theoretically two-photon processes driven by entangled photons at intensities beyond this threshold and compared the results with the classical case. We found that a quantum advantage can still be observed at nearly one order of magnitude higher intensities than previously assumed. Our findings show a potential path for exploiting quantum-enhanced two-photon processes in practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas Dickinson and Ivi Afxenti and Giedre Astrauskaite and Lennart Hirsch and Samuel Nerenberg and Ottavia Jedrkiewicz and Daniele Faccio and Caroline Müllenbroich and Alessandra Gatti and Matteo Clerici and Lucia Caspani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4820}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw4820}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum-enhanced second harmonic generation beyond the photon pairs regime}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-frequency data reveal limits of adaptation to heat in animal agriculture. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw4780. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the impacts of climate change on food systems is a key research priority, but important sectors and the scope for adaptation remain underexplored. Here, we analyze more than 320 million daily observations of milk production across 12 years, paired with survey data, to provide estimates of the effect of humid heat and the scope for adaptation. Results indicate that extreme heat reduces milk yield by up to 10%, with effects that persist for more than 10 days. Effects are stronger when cows are at more productive stages, suggesting a productivity-resilience trade-off. Cooling infrastructure and management adjustments were widely adopted over the preceding two decades, but only partially mitigate these losses, reducing them by less than half. Given the technological advancement and the representation of the climate of key producing countries in our sample, these results suggest that adaptation strategies, even those at the technological frontier, may be insufficient to address climate change damages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Claire Palandri and Eyal G. Frank and Ayal Kimhi and Yaniv Lavon and Ephraim Ezra and Ram Fishman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4780}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw4780}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-frequency data reveal limits of adaptation to heat in animal agriculture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient and wavelength-tunable second-harmonic generation toward the green gap. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw2781. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving compact and efficient visible laser sources is crucial for a wide range of applications. However, traditional semiconductor laser technology faces difficulties in producing high-brightness green light, leaving a “green gap” in wavelength coverage. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) offers a promising alternative by converting near-infrared sources to visible wavelengths with high efficiency and spectral purity. Here, we demonstrate efficient and tunable SHG within the green spectrum using a high- Q Si 3 N 4 microresonator. On-chip green power as high as 5.3 milliwatts is generated with a conversion efficiency of 141% per watt (absolute 7.9%). A space-charge grating induced by the photogalvanic effect realizes reconfigurable grating numbers and flexible wavelength tuning over a range of 2.6 terahertz. In addition, grating formation dynamics and competition are observed. These findings underscore the potential of Si 3 N 4 as a robust, integrative platform for on-chip, tunable green light sources.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiquan Yuan and Jinhao Ge and Peng Liu and Bohan Li and Mingxiao Li and Jin-Yu Liu and Yan Yu and Hao-Jing Chen and John Bowers and Kerry Vahala}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2781}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw2781}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient and wavelength-tunable second-harmonic generation toward the green gap}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Origin of immunoglobulins and t cell receptors: A candidate gene for invasion by the RAG transposon. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw1273. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rearranging antigen receptors (AgRs) arose when a variable (V) domain exon was invaded by the recombination-activating gene (RAG) transposon ~500 million years ago. We show here that the elasmobranch immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) isotypes—IgM, IgW, and IgNAR—are linked near the αδ T cell receptor (TCRαδ) locus. This linkage presages the emergence of the osteichthyan IgH translocon arrangement and clarifies the relationship between IgH and TCRδs. Recently, we reported UrIg , a nonrearranging, elasmobranch major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked AgR gene. Here, we describe a nonrearranging UrIg paralogue, UrIg2 , linked to this IgM/IgNAR/IgW/TCRαδ gene cluster in an AgR complex (AgRC). UrIg2 amino-terminal domains make homodimers where the C2-C3 structure resembles IgGFc. A relative of the UrIg2 V domain exon was invaded by the RAG transposon, revealing the genesis of the adaptive immune system. Our data indicate that an ancestral chromosome encoded an AgR precursor, undergoing RAG-mediated rearrangement after genome-wide duplication on one chromosome and retaining nonrearranging relics in the MHC and AgRC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Martin F. Flajnik and Robyn L. Stanfield and Ana Verissimo and Harold R. Neely and Antonio Muñoz-Mérida and Michael F. Criscitiello and Ian A. Wilson and Yuko Ohta}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1273}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw1273}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Origin of immunoglobulins and t cell receptors: A candidate gene for invasion by the RAG transposon}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Femtosecond laser–assisted printing of hard magnetic microrobots for swimming upstream in subcentimeter-per-second blood flow. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw1272. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic microrobots have garnered increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their wireless motion control and noninvasive therapeutic potential. However, current microrobots fabricated from soft magnetic materials exhibit critical limitations, including weak magnetic response and uncontrollable locomotion in high-rate blood flow, which hinder their practical applications. Here, we develop a fabrication method for three-dimensional (3D) hard magnetic microrobots (HM-microrobots) containing neodymium-iron-boron particles. HM-microrobots, featuring programmable 3D helical morphologies, are fabricated by integrating two-photon polymerization printing of molds in positive photoresist with subsequent vacuum infusion molding of hard magnetic slurries. The microrobots achieve a maximum swimming velocity of 22.6 body lengths per second (3 millimeters per second) in a weak rotating magnetic field of 2 millitesla, which represents a notable improvement over their soft magnetic counterparts. Furthermore, they demonstrate controllable upstream propulsion in subcentimeter-per-second blood flow, showing great potential for endovascular applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong Wu and Xiuwen Wang and Rui Li and Chaowei Wang and Zhongguo Ren and Deng Pan and Pinliang Ren and Yanlei Hu and Chen Xin and Li Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1272}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw1272}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Femtosecond laser–assisted printing of hard magnetic microrobots for swimming upstream in subcentimeter-per-second blood flow}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of terahertz-frequency orbitally coupled magnons in a kagome ferromagnet. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw1182. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In ferromagnetic materials, magnons—quanta of spin waves—typically resonate in the gigahertz range. Beyond conventional magnons, while theoretical studies have predicted magnons associated with orbital magnetic moments, their direct observation has remained challenging. Here, we present the discovery of two distinct terahertz orbitally coupled magnon resonances in the topological kagome ferromagnet Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 . Using time-resolved Kerr rotation spectroscopy, we pinpoint two magnon resonances at 0.61 and 0.49 terahertz at 6 kelvin, surpassing all previously reported magnon resonances in ferromagnets due to strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy. These dual modes originate from the strong coupling of localized spin and orbital magnetic moments. These findings unveil an unconventional category of magnons in a ferromagnet stemming from orbital magnetic moments and position Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 as a promising candidate for high-speed terahertz spintronic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mengqian Che and Weizhao Chen and Maoyuan Wang and F. Michael Bartram and Liangyang Liu and Xuebin Dong and Jinjin Liu and Yidian Li and Hao Lin and Zhiwei Wang and Enke Liu and Yugui Yao and Zhe Yuan and Guang-Ming Zhang and Luyi Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1182}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw1182}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of terahertz-frequency orbitally coupled magnons in a kagome ferromagnet}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Safety and immunogenicity of intranasal parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5)–vectored COVID-19 vaccine in adults and teens in an open-label phase 1 trial. SCIADV, 11(27), eadw0896. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {COVID-19 continues causing substantial mortality despite existing FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccines. An effective COVID-19 vaccine providing durable immunity with minimal reactogenicity is needed. CVXGA1, a PIV5-based intranasal COVID-19 vaccine expressing the Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, was evaluated in this phase 1 study in adults and teens. CVXGA1 was well tolerated without serious adverse events (AEs) or fever reported. Solicited local and systemic AEs were mostly mild. CVXGA1 elicited S-specific serum and mucosal antibodies and CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in all groups. Significantly lower rates of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were reported in groups receiving high-dose CVXGA1 (HD) compared to that in the group receiving low-dose CVXGA1 (LD) during the SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron waves. The data indicate that CVXGA1 is a potentially effective intranasal COVID-19 vaccine that is immunogenic with minimal reactogenicity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Paul Spearman and Hong Jin and Peng Xiao and Kristeene Knopp and Henry Radziewicz and Marinka Tellier and Sasha E. Larsen and Bryan J. Berube and Xiao Song and Jamie Kidd and Karnail Singh and Zhuo Li and Maria Cristina Gingerich and Samuel Wu and Susan P. John and Angela Branche and Ann R. Falsey and Rhea Coler and Francois J. Villinger and Biao He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0896}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadw0896}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Safety and immunogenicity of intranasal parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5)–vectored COVID-19 vaccine in adults and teens in an open-label phase 1 trial}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The lipid bilayer strengthens the cooperative network of membrane proteins. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv9568. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Membrane proteins fold and function in a lipid bilayer constituting cell membranes. Nonetheless, their structure and function can be recapitulated in diverse amphiphilic assemblies whose compositions deviate from native membranes. It remains unclear how various hydrophobic environments stabilize membrane proteins and whether lipids play any unique role in protein stability compared to other types of amphiphiles. Here, using the evolutionarily unrelated α-helical and β-barrel membrane proteins from Escherichia coli , we find that the hydrophobic thickness and the strength of amphiphile-amphiphile packing in amphiphilic assemblies are critical determinants of protein stability. Lipid solvation enhances protein stability by facilitating residue burial in the protein interior, reminiscent of the lipophobic effect. This lipid-mediated mechanism also strengthens the cooperative residue-interaction network, promoting the propagation of local structural perturbations throughout the protein. This study demonstrates the pivotal role of lipid solvation in modulating the stability of membrane proteins and their responses to external stimuli.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shaima MuhammedNazaar and Jiaqi Yao and Matthew R. Necelis and Yein C. Park and Zhongtian Shen and Michael D. Bridges and Ruiqiong Guo and Nicole Swope and May S. Rhee and Miyeon Kim and Kelly H. Kim and Wayne L. Hubbell and Karen G. Fleming and Linda Columbus and Seung-gu Kang and Heedeok Hong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9568}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv9568}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The lipid bilayer strengthens the cooperative network of membrane proteins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flux equipartition in astrophysical plasma turbulence. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv8988. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expanding plasmas are ubiquitous in the Universe, from supernovae to stellar atmospheres and winds, carrying various forms of energy. Crucial for understanding their behavior, the characterization of the scale-to-scale energy transfer resulting from the interplay of turbulent motions, propagating waves, and instabilities is a key scope of major space missions. Here, we show how simultaneous upscale and downscale energy transfers occur in solar wind, leading statistically to equipartition of the turbulent energy flux. Our study sheds light on the paradigm of the existence of dual energy cascades in astrophysical plasmas, identifying the scales at which energy sources act in the magnetohydrodynamic regime driving turbulent dynamics in solar wind. These findings suggest that a significant fraction of the energy injected into stellar winds at scales much smaller than those of galaxies could be transferred to larger scales through turbulence, potentially influencing star formation processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Raffaele Marino and Jin-Han Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8988}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv8988}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flux equipartition in astrophysical plasma turbulence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Factorization dynamics between quantum fisher information and quantum coherence. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv8132. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum Fisher information (QFI) quantifies the sensitivity of a quantum state to a parameter change and plays a key role in quantum metrology. Meanwhile, quantum coherence is a crucial resource for quantum information processing. However, despite extensive studies on various aspects of quantum metrology, the interplay between the dynamics of the QFI and quantum coherence remains unexplored. Here, we explore the factorization relationship between the QFI and quantum coherence, both theoretically and experimentally. We prepare pure states in qubit and qutrit systems and apply unitary evolution to investigate this relationship. Our results confirm the factorization law, offering strong evidence for this relationship. Furthermore, we establish a lower bound on the variance of the estimated parameter that does not require the final state information. This approach reveals a deep connection between the QFI and quantum coherence, providing insights into quantum parameter estimation. These findings have potential applications in quantum sensing and quantum metrology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinzhi Zhao and Xinglei Yu and Liangsheng Li and Wenting Zhou and Chengjie Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8132}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv8132}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Factorization dynamics between quantum fisher information and quantum coherence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Programmable multi-mode entanglement via dissipative engineering in vibrating trapped ions. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv7838. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Generating multi-partite quantum entangled states amid dissipative environment is essential for advancing quantum simulation, metrology, and fundamental quantum research. Here, we use controlled dissipation as a resource and present an approach to generate programmable multimode entangled states in the vibrational modes of trapped ions, free of stringent requirements of initial state preparation. We experimentally demonstrate the generation of multimode squeezed states across two, three, and five modes out of initial thermal states by controlled couplings to dissipative internal spins. We characterize the output states by fidelity estimates and two-body correlations, confirming genuine multipartite entanglement using the van Loock-Furusawa inseparability criteria. This work outlines a generic path to create entangled nonclassical states with quantum harmonic oscillators, applicable for quantum information processing in continuous-variable quantum systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yue Li and Yi Li and Xu Cheng and Lingna Wang and Xingyu Zhao and Waner Hou and Kamran Rehan and Mingdong Zhu and Lin Yan and Xi Qin and Xinhua Peng and Haidong Yuan and Yiheng Lin and Jiangfeng Du}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7838}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv7838}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Programmable multi-mode entanglement via dissipative engineering in vibrating trapped ions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unleashing the potential of lignin with innovative trifunctional binary deep eutectic solvent strategy: Isolation of uncondensed lignin. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv7299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Highly efficient conversion of lignin into value-added chemicals and materials is trapped in the inevitable cleavage of β-O-4 linkages and formation of highly condensed structures with deep colors during lignin isolation. Here, we develop a trifunctional choline chloride/glyoxylic acid (ChCl/GA) binary deep eutectic solvent with a π-π conjugate structure and moderate acidity for the fast isolation of light-colored lignin with near proto-structures (exceeding 88% of delignification ratio for 1 hour). The synergetic interaction of GA and ChCl substantially reduced Gibbs free energy of acetal reaction and thoroughly captured reactive intermediates, precisely activating the following key functions: stabilizing β-O-4 linkages, inhibiting condensation reaction, and shielding –OH groups. These enabled efficient isolation of uncondensed, abundant β-O-4 linkage (45.80/100 C9; 79% retention) and light-colored lignin. A near-theoretical yield of aromatic monomers upon depolymerization and high performances as adhesives for lignocellulosic bioplastics were achieved. This work unleashes the valorization potential of lignin by a relatively green and fast strategy for sustainable biorefineries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haichao Li and Deqiang Li and Yuan He and Chaobing Luo and Wu Lan and Arthur J. Ragauskas and Tingting You and Feng Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv7299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unleashing the potential of lignin with innovative trifunctional binary deep eutectic solvent strategy: Isolation of uncondensed lignin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultracompact 3D integrated photonic chip for high-fidelity high-dimensional quantum gates. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv5718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spatial modes of photons offer a rich encoding resource for high-dimensional quantum information processing. Multiplane light conversion (MPLC) enables spatial mode transformation and is applicable in both classical and quantum optics. Here, we demonstrate a polymer-based MPLC device, fabricated via femtosecond laser three-dimensional printing, that realizes high-dimensional quantum logic gates in an ultracompact format. Specifically, we design a three-dimensional Hadamard gate by training a diffractive neural network to generate the required phase distribution. The device is evaluated through quantum process tomography at the single-photon level within spatial modes, achieving a fidelity of 90%. Compared to traditional spatial light modulator–based implementations, our approach integrates spatial mode manipulation into a miniaturized photonic platform. These results highlight the feasibility of polymer-based MPLC for compact quantum logic and open possibilities for scalable, high-dimensional quantum information processing on integrated photonic chips.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kangrui Wang and Dawei Lyu and Chengkun Cai and Tianhao Fu and Jue Wang and Qianke Wang and Jun Liu and Jian Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv5718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultracompact 3D integrated photonic chip for high-fidelity high-dimensional quantum gates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A universal chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–fragment antibody binder (FAB) split system for cancer immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv4937. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown extraordinary results in treating hematological cancer but faces challenges like antigen loss, toxicity, and complex manufacturing. Universal and modular CAR constructs offer improved flexibility, safety, and cost-effectiveness over conventional CAR constructs. We present a CAR–fragment antibody binder (Fab) platform on the basis of an engineered protein G variant (GA1) and Fab scaffolds. Expression of GA1CAR on human CD8 + T cells leads to antigen recognition and T cell effector function that can be modulated according to the affinity of the CAR for the Fab and of the Fab for the target. GA1CAR T cells can recognize multiple Fab-antigen pairs on breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. Adoptively transferred GA1CAR T cells control tumors in breast cancer xenograft models, and their targeting can be quickly redirected using different Fabs. This versatile “plug-and-play” CAR T platform has potential for application in personalized therapy, preventing antigen loss variant escape, decreasing toxicity, and increasing access.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ainhoa Arina and Edwin Arauz and Elham Masoumi and Karolina W. Warzecha and Annika Sääf and Łukasz Widło and Tomasz Slezak and Aleksandra Zieminska and Karolina Dudek and Zachary P. Schaefer and Maria Lecka and Svitlana Usatyuk and Ralph R. Weichselbaum and Anthony A. Kossiakoff}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4937}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv4937}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A universal chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–fragment antibody binder (FAB) split system for cancer immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Toward developing a compact total artificial heart using a soft robotic fluidic transmission system. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv4854. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality, with limited possibilities for transplantation due to a critical shortage of donor hearts. Replacing the heart with total artificial hearts (TAHs) remains challenging, due to size constraints and energy requirements, among others. To address this, we introduce the LIMO heart, a compact TAH concept based on an efficient soft fluidic transmission system. By reducing actuator volume and enhancing energy transfer, LIMO enables a more compact and efficient design. We developed a soft ventricle prototype using thin-walled pouch actuators that achieve transmission ratios above one via circumferential shrinkage. A fast, cost-effective prototyping method accelerated testing. Experimental results showed high energy transfer efficiency (82 to 91%), and in vitro tests demonstrated promising cardiac outputs of 5.9 liters per minute against aortic pressure and 7.6 liters per minute against pulmonary pressure. These findings represent a step toward a more broadly applicable biventricular soft robotic TAH for treating end-stage heart failure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maziar Arfaee and Lucas C. van Laake and Shibo Zou and Charlotte Bording and Jolanda Kluin and Johannes T. B. Overvelde}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4854}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv4854}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Toward developing a compact total artificial heart using a soft robotic fluidic transmission system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Momentum-dependent field-effect transistor. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv4742. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The silicon-based field-effect transistor (FET) is approaching the physical limits for the prominent short-channel effects and the sequent leakage currents under the conventional paradigm. Here, we propose a momentum-dependent field-effect transistor (MD-FET) to address this issue, in which a monolayer 2D semiconductor is sandwiched by two cross 1D carbon nanotube electrodes. The MD-FET enables a perfect off state, as the elastic tunneling is forbidden by the momentum mismatch between the cross 1D contacts. It can also access a substantial on state, because the momentum mismatch can be compensated by the electron-phonon scattering in a 2D channel. The MD-FET with sub–1-nm channel thus exhibits high on/off ratios of ~10 7 , which breaks through the theoretical limit on the short-channel effect. The MD-FET opens up a previously unknown paradigm to further scale down transistors beyond silicon and inspires a promising solution for the post-Moore era.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuheng Li and Xuanzhang Li and Zhongyuan Zhao and Zhen Mei and Binxuan Zhao and Jiean Shu and Yiqiao Zhou and Liang Liang and Qunqing Li and Shoushan Fan and Xi Chen and Yang Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4742}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv4742}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Momentum-dependent field-effect transistor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Droplet microfluidics–based detection of rare antibiotic-resistant subpopulations in escherichia coli from bloodstream infections. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv4558. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Population heterogeneity in bacterial phenotypes, such as antibiotic resistance, is increasingly recognized as a medical concern. Heteroresistance occurs when a predominantly susceptible bacterial population harbors a rare resistant subpopulation. During antibiotic exposure, these resistant bacteria can be selected and lead to treatment failure. Standard antibiotic susceptibility testing methods often fail to reliably detect these subpopulations due to their low frequency, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic approaches. Here, we present a droplet microfluidics method where bacteria are encapsulated in droplets containing growth medium and antibiotics. The growth of rare resistant cells is detected by observing droplet shrinkage under microscopy. We validated this method for three clinically important antibiotics in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from bloodstream infections and showed that it can detect resistant subpopulations as infrequent as 10 −6 using only 200 to 300 droplets. In addition, we designed a multiplex microfluidic chip to increase the throughput of the assay.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sagar N. Agnihotri and Nikos Fatsis-Kavalopoulos and Jonas Windhager and Maria Tenje and Dan I. Andersson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4558}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv4558}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Droplet microfluidics–based detection of rare antibiotic-resistant subpopulations in escherichia coli from bloodstream infections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced marine biological pump as a trigger for the onset of the late paleozoic ice age. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv2756. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mid-Tournaisian carbon isotope excursion (TICE) represents the largest positive carbon isotope excursion in the late Paleozoic, coinciding with the onset of the late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA). Here, to investigate changes in the marine biological pump during the TICE, we measured barium isotopes (δ 138 Ba) in two marine limestone sections in the Antler foreland basin (USA). We found the largest positive δ 138 Ba shifts recorded in geological history, indicating increased marine export productivity in the Antler foreland basin, followed by the productivity-driven expansion of anoxia. The nearly identical stratigraphic trends, along with different absolute values in δ 138 Ba between the two sites, suggest spatial differences in marine biological pump intensity during the Early Mississippian. Earth system model simulations indicate that a global increase of 30% in marine export productivity is needed to explain observed changes. Our findings support the idea that an enhanced marine biological pump contributed to elevated organic carbon burial and the transition from a greenhouse climate to the LPIA.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feifei Zhang and Alexandre Pohl and Maya Elrick and Guang-Yi Wei and Keyi Cheng and Peter Crockford and Mojtaba Fakhraee and Yi-Bo Lin and Na Li and Xiang-dong Wang and Shu-zhong Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2756}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv2756}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced marine biological pump as a trigger for the onset of the late paleozoic ice age}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Super-resolution tactile sensor arrays with sparse units enabled by deep learning. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv2124. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-resolution tactile perception is essential for humanoid robots to perform contact-based interaction tasks. However, enhancing resolution is typically accompanied by increasing the density of sensing nodes, large numbers of interconnecting wires, and complex signal processing modules. This work presents super-resolution (SR) tactile sensor arrays with sparsely distributed taxels powered by a universal intelligent framework. Such smart sensor systems involve a general topological optimization strategy for taxel layout design and a deep learning model called self-attention–assisted tactile SR. Driven by the proposed model, they can dynamically distinguish high-density pressure stimuli by generating 2700 virtual taxels from only 23 physical taxels. An SR scale factor of more than 115 and an average localization error of 0.73 millimeters are achieved, approximating human fingertip accuracy and surpassing current state-of-the-art solutions. This framework enhances flexible sensors with SR capabilities in a facile and energy-efficient manner, illustrating the potential to equip robots with embodied tactile perceptions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Depeng Kong and Yuyao Lu and Shuyao Zhou and Mengke Wang and Gaoyang Pang and Baocheng Wang and Lipeng Chen and Xiaoyan Huang and Honghao Lyu and Kaichen Xu and Geng Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2124}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv2124}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Super-resolution tactile sensor arrays with sparse units enabled by deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale processing of within-bone nutrients by neanderthals, 125,000 years ago. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv1257. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Diet played a key role in human evolution, making the study of past diet and subsistence strategies a crucial research topic within paleoanthropology. Lipids are a crucial resource for hunter-gatherers, especially for foragers whose diet is based heavily on animal foods. Recent foragers have expended substantial amounts of energy to obtain this resource, including time-consuming production of bone grease, a resource intensification practice thus far only documented for Upper Paleolithic populations. We present archaeological data from the lake landscape of Neumark-Nord (Germany), where Last Interglacial Neanderthals processed at least 172 large mammals at a water’s edge site. Their (partial) carcasses were transported to this location for the extraction of within-bone nutrients, particularly bone grease. This “fat factory” constitutes a well-documented case of grease rendering predating the Upper Paleolithic, with the special task location devoted to extraction of nutritionally important lipids forming an important addition to our knowledge of Neanderthal adaptations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lutz Kindler and Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser and Fulco Scherjon and Alejandro Garcia-Moreno and Geoff M. Smith and Eduard Pop and John D. Speth and Wil Roebroeks}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1257}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv1257}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale processing of within-bone nutrients by neanderthals, 125,000 years ago}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CryoRhodopsins: A comprehensive characterization of a group of microbial rhodopsins from cold environments. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv1015. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbial rhodopsins are omnipresent on Earth; however, the vast majority of them remain uncharacterized. Here, we describe a rhodopsin group found in microorganisms from cold environments, such as glaciers, denoted as CryoRhodopsins (CryoRs). A distinguishing feature of the group is the presence of a buried arginine residue close to the cytoplasmic face. Combining single-particle cryo–electron microscopy and x-ray crystallography with rhodopsin activation by light, we demonstrate that the arginine stabilizes an ultraviolet (UV)–absorbing intermediate of an extremely slow CryoRhodopsin photocycle. Together with extensive spectroscopic characterization, our investigations on CryoR1 and CryoR2 proteins reveal mechanisms of photoswitching in the identified group. Our data suggest that CryoRs are sensors for UV irradiation and are also capable of inward proton translocation modulated by UV light.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gerrit H. U. Lamm and Egor Marin and Alexey Alekseev and Anna V. Schellbach and Artem Stetsenko and Jose Manuel Haro-Moreno and Gleb Bourenkov and Valentin Borshchevskiy and Marvin Asido and Michael Agthe and Sylvain Engilberge and Samuel L. Rose and Nicolas Caramello and Antoine Royant and Thomas R. Schneider and Alex Bateman and Thomas Mager and Tobias Moser and Francisco Rodriguez-Valera and Josef Wachtveitl and Albert Guskov and Kirill Kovalev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1015}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv1015}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CryoRhodopsins: A comprehensive characterization of a group of microbial rhodopsins from cold environments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnesium microspheres for enhanced transarterial chemoembolization therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: From animal models to a pilot clinical study. SCIADV, 11(27), eadv0885. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been extensively used in clinic to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, magnesium microspheres (Mg MSs) were used as embolic devices to enhance lipiodol-mediated TACE. After being dispersed in lipiodol and injected into tumors, Mg MSs would continuously generate hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, which could neutralize the acidic tumor microenvironment, restore exhausted CD8 + T cells, reverse immunosuppression, and trigger specific T cell–mediated antitumor responses, synergistically resulting in inhibited tumor growth. As demonstrated in a rabbit orthotopic liver cancer model, artery infusion of Mg MS–dispersed lipiodol offered greatly enhanced therapeutic outcome compared to lipiodol-based or polymeric-bead–based TACE. In a pilot clinical study, among 15 eligible patients with HCC, 11 patients achieved complete response and 3 patients achieved partial responses without unexpected treatment-related adverse events during the 1 to 3 months’ follow-up. The objective response rate of Mg-enhanced TACE was ~93.3% in this small-scale trial, much higher than that of current TACE therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fei Gong and Liyun Zheng and Jiachen Xu and Yumin Wu and Qiutong Jin and Jiaqi Lu and Zifan Pei and Zhongwei Zhao and Minjiang Chen and Jianfei Tu and Shiji Fang and Weiqian Chen and Kailu Wei and Nailin Yang and Chuntao Gong and Fazong Wu and Yeyu Zhang and Caifang Ni and Liang Cheng and Zhuang Liu and Jiansong Ji}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0885}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadv0885}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnesium microspheres for enhanced transarterial chemoembolization therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: From animal models to a pilot clinical study}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The structural origin of extraordinary plasticity in polycrystalline semiconductors with low symmetry. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu9205. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ductile polycrystals are usually metals with high-symmetry structures that provide multiple slip systems to coordinate the synergetic deformation of adjacent grains. However, while exceptional plasticity was recently discovered in a series of low-symmetry semiconductors, their deformation mechanism remains mysterious. Here, taking monoclinic Ag 4 SSe as a case study, we show that the inherent high-symmetry anion sublattice with a quasi–body-centered cubic (bcc) structure is embedded in the monoclinic matrix. This, coupled with the highly diffuse cations, results in multiple slip systems and is responsible for the superior plasticity as normally unexpected in low-symmetry structures. We observe typical slip systems conforming with those of the bcc structure by experiment. This finding clarifies the deformation mechanism of Ag 2 S-based low-symmetry semiconductors and sheds light on future exploration of ductile inorganic semiconductors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shenghong Ren and Heyang Chen and Huangliu Fu and Haoran Huang and Tian-Ran Wei and Xun Shi and Xiuyan Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9205}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu9205}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The structural origin of extraordinary plasticity in polycrystalline semiconductors with low symmetry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of an autoinhibited conformation in mesotrypsin reveals a strategy for selective serine protease inhibition. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu9129. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Selective inhibition of the more than 100 S1 family serine proteases is a long-standing challenge due to their active site similarity. Mesotrypsin, implicated in cancer progression, exemplifies these difficulties; no current inhibitors achieve selectivity over other human trypsins. We found an unexpected autoinhibited conformation of mesotrypsin via x-ray crystallography, revealing a cryptic pocket adjacent to the active site. Using high-throughput virtual screening targeting this cryptic pocket, we identified a conformationally selective small-molecule inhibitor that stabilizes the inactive state of mesotrypsin. This inhibitor demonstrates selectivity for mesotrypsin over other trypsins. Our findings challenge the accepted view of digestive trypsins as constitutively active enzymes lacking potential for allosteric regulation. Furthermore, analyses of other structures suggest that dynamic sampling of closed states with analogous allosteric cryptic pockets appears widespread among S1 serine proteases. These observations point to a potentially generalizable strategy to achieve selective inhibition, offering broad implications for drug development targeting serine proteases in cancer and other diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matt Coban and Mahesh Gokara and Luis M. Forero Vargas and Sarah D. Tanzer and Sherry X. Zhou and Alexandra Hockla and Banumathi Sankaran and Thomas R. Caulfield and Evette S. Radisky}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9129}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu9129}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of an autoinhibited conformation in mesotrypsin reveals a strategy for selective serine protease inhibition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FAF2 is a bifunctional regulator of peroxisomal homeostasis and saturated lipid responses. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu9104. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exposure to saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as palmitic acid, can lead to cellular metabolic dysfunction known as lipotoxicity. Although canonical adaptive metabolic processes like lipid storage or desaturation are known cellular responses to saturated fat exposure, the link between SFA metabolism and organellar biology remains an area of active inquiry. We performed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in human epithelial cells to identify modulators of SFA toxicity. The screen revealed peroxisomal proteins, especially those that affect ether lipid synthesis, as important regulators of lipotoxicity. We identified Fas-associated factor family member 2 (FAF2) as a critical bifunctional coregulator of peroxisomal and fatty acid biology. We further demonstrated the requirement of the ubiquitin-regulatory X (UBX) and UAS thioredoxin-like domains of FAF2 for peroxisomal protein abundance and SFA-induced cellular stress. Our work highlights the role of FAF2 in regulating peroxisomal abundance and function and the peroxisome as a key organelle in the cellular response to SFAs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Choah Kim and Katlyn R. Gabriel and Dylan Boone and Matthew R. Brown and Katherine Oppenheimer and Maria Kost-Alimova and Juan Lorenzo B. Pablo and Anna Greka}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9104}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu9104}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FAF2 is a bifunctional regulator of peroxisomal homeostasis and saturated lipid responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seasonal sea ice characterized the glacial arctic-atlantic gateway over the past 750,000 years. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu7681. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The past occurrence of an extreme ~1-kilometer–thick Arctic Ocean–Nordic Seas ice shelf has been inferred from submarine landscape features and geochemical records, although fundamental aspects of its characteristics, impacts, and timing remain highly debated. Here, we challenge this pan-Arctic glaciation hypothesis by investigating two sites from the Arctic-Atlantic gateway (AAG) and the Nordic Seas. Suborbital to millennial-scale surface water bioproductivity changes provide no evidence for a continuous ice shelf in the AAG and the Nordic Seas over the past ~750,000 years. Instead, proxy data and model simulations reveal the persistent presence of seasonal sea ice cover and open water phytoplankton blooms during both glacial and interglacial times. If the AAG and Nordic Seas were ever covered by an ice shelf during these times, then it must have been a partial, or at best, a very short-lived glacial phenomenon.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jochen Knies and Lukas Smik and Pengyang Song and Monica Winsborrow and Henning A. Bauch and Gerrit Lohmann and Simon T. Belt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7681}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu7681}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seasonal sea ice characterized the glacial arctic-atlantic gateway over the past 750,000 years}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-time experiment-theory closed-loop interaction for autonomous materials science. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu7426. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Iterative cycles of theoretical prediction and experimental validation are the cornerstone of the modern scientific method. However, the proverbial “closing of the loop” in experiment-theory cycles in practice is usually ad hoc and often inherently difficult, beset by the scale or time constraint of computation or phenomena. Here, we demonstrate autonomous materials search engine (AMASE), where self-driving continuous cyclical interaction of experiments and computational predictions is performed for materials exploration. We have applied this formalism to rapid mapping of a temperature-composition phase diagram. Experimental determination of phase boundaries in thin films is autonomously interspersed with real-time updating of phase diagram prediction using CALPHAD. AMASE was able to accurately determine the eutectic phase diagram of the Sn-Bi thin-film system from a self-guided campaign covering just a small fraction of the phase space, translating to a sixfold reduction in the number of experiments. This study demonstrates real-time, autonomous, and iterative interactions of experiments and theory carried out without any human intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haotong Liang and Chuangye Wang and Heshan Yu and Dylan Kirsch and Rohit Pant and Austin McDannald and A. Gilad Kusne and Ji-Cheng Zhao and Ichiro Takeuchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7426}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu7426}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-time experiment-theory closed-loop interaction for autonomous materials science}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Live-cell magnetic manipulation of recycling endosomes reveals their direct effect on actin protrusions to promote invasive migration. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu6361. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endocytic recycling pathways play key roles in a broad range of cellular processes, and many vesicle trafficking regulators are implicated in progression of disease such as cancer. The Rab11 family (Rab11a, Rab11b, and Rab25) controls the return of internalized cargos to the plasma membrane, and Rab25 has been implicated in the aggressiveness of cancer by promoting invasive migration. However, while Rab25 vesicles distribute to the leading edge of moving cells, how directly they contribute to cell protrusion is not clear. Here, we adopt a magnetogenetic approach that allows direct manipulation of Rab25 positioning to show that localization to the cell periphery drives the formation of F-actin protrusions. We demonstrate that endogenous Rab25 vesicles coordinate the positioning of key cargos, including the actin regulator FMNL1 and integrin β1, with the activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases at the plasma membrane to generate and maintain F-actin–rich filopodium-like protrusions and promote cancer cell invasive migration in the three-dimensional matrix.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jakub Gemperle and Domenik Liße and Marie Kappen and Emilie Secret and Mathieu Coppey and Martin Gregor and Christine Menager and Jacob Piehler and Patrick Caswell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6361}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu6361}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Live-cell magnetic manipulation of recycling endosomes reveals their direct effect on actin protrusions to promote invasive migration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deciphering the stability of two-dimensional III-V semiconductors: Building blocks and their versatile assembly. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu5294. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensionalization unlocks the unique and superior physical properties of materials, but extending it to nonlayered crystals is challenging. Using density functional theory and machine learning, we unveil a universal rule for creating stable two-dimensional counterparts of traditional high-performance III-V semiconductors, i.e., the versatile assembly of building blocks originating from orbital hybridization and electron transfers adhering to the electron counting rule. Akin to LEGO construction, the various building blocks are arranged in different configurations, introducing diverse two-dimensional structures with higher energetic stability than previous structures. Regression analysis reveals the energies of these structures as a linear superposition of the energies of their building blocks, further confirming the LEGO concept. Notably, the predicted two-dimensional GaSb exhibits a hole mobility (~10 8 square centimeters per volt per second) that far surpasses that of graphene (2 × 10 5 square centimeters per volt per second). This study highlights the expansion of nonlayered materials into two dimensions and the potential of two-dimensional confinement in traditional materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuan Yan and Kaiyun Chen and Minglei Sun and Yinchang Ma and Peiyao Wang and Junkai Deng and Xixiang Zhang and Jefferson Zhe Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5294}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu5294}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deciphering the stability of two-dimensional III-V semiconductors: Building blocks and their versatile assembly}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrating incompatible tandem photobiocatalysis in artificial cells enables metabolic modulation of natural cells. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu4828. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sustaining biological reactions in artificial cells is crucial for their practical integration into living systems, which relies on continuous cofactor supply. Although photocatalysis enables cofactor regeneration in synthetic biological systems, the generated reactive oxygen can deactivate enzymes. Here, we engineer photobiocatalytic artificial cells that modulate hepatocyte metabolism through alleviating alcohol-induced oxidative stress. These artificial cells feature nano-organelles that segregate incompatible modules: one for photocatalytic cofactor regeneration and another for biocatalytic alcohol metabolism. This spatial separation ensures sustainable cofactor provision and protects enzymes from oxidative damage. Co-compartmentalization of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase within a single nano-organelle enhances cascade reaction efficiency while inhibiting intermediate leakage. When cocultured with hepatocytes, these artificial cells demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and efficiently mitigate oxidative stress from alcohol metabolism. This work advances artificial cells from proof of concept to practical application in living systems. The successful connection of photocatalysis and enzymatic reactions broadens the range of strategies available for chemical synthesis, synthetic biology, and biomedical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhicheng Wang and Sharafudheen Pottanam Chali and Thao P. Doan-Nguyen and Seunghyeon Kim and Volker Mailänder and Shuai Jiang and Katharina Landfester}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4828}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu4828}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrating incompatible tandem photobiocatalysis in artificial cells enables metabolic modulation of natural cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Effects of incoming polygonal fault systems on subduction zone and slow slip behavior. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu4227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The physical properties of subduction inputs profoundly influence megathrust slip behavior. Seismic data reveal extensive polygonal fault systems (PFSs) in the input sequences of the Hikurangi Margin and Nankai Trough. The mechanical and hydrological effects of these incoming PFSs on subduction zones are potentially substantial. Here, we investigate their effects following transport into the accretionary wedge by integrating discrete-element modeling with three-dimensional seismic interpretation. We find that the typical dips of the incoming PFSs overlap with modeled dips prone to reactivation and confirm that subducting PFSs can be reactivated and gradually evolve into major thrust faults. Comparisons with electromagnetic data indicate that PFSs may provide conduits for fluid leakage along the plate interface, coincide with disrupted strata and decreased shear stress, and enhance geometric and stress heterogeneity along the megathrust. These suggest that PFSs may play a previously unrecognized role in contributing to shallow slow earthquake phenomena in subduction zones.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maomao Wang and Philip M. Barnes and Demian Saffer and Gregory F. Moore and Haoran Ma and Ming Wang and Jinbao Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu4227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Effects of incoming polygonal fault systems on subduction zone and slow slip behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial dysfunction enhances influenza pathogenesis by up-regulating de novo sialic acid biosynthesis. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu3739. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondrial dysfunction can trigger metabolic adaptations that resemble those induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Here, we show that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) impairment, modeled by Ndufs4 deficiency, reprograms lung epithelial metabolism to promote IAV pathogenesis. In both Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mice and lung epithelial cells, OXPHOS deficiency increased glycolytic flux, diverting carbons into hexosamine and de novo sialic acid (SIA) biosynthesis pathways. This led to elevated sialylation and enhanced viral attachment. In Ndufs4 KO models, adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase signaling was insufficient to blunt this increased metabolic flux. IAV infection further exacerbated this metabolic vulnerability, amplifying SIA and viral burden. Pharmacologic rerouting of glucose carbons with dichloroacetate reduced sialylation, viral replication, and inflammatory responses in Ndufs4 KO models. These findings reveal that mitochondrial dysfunction enhances IAV susceptibility by disrupting energy sensing and fueling viral receptor biosynthesis, highlighting the importance of epithelial metabolism in viral pathogenesis and suggesting metabolic modulation as a potential therapeutic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amanda L. Fuchs and Bharati Singh and Jillian W. Jetmore and Emily B. Warren and Payal Banerjee and Jose L. Marin Franco and Michael A. Eckhaus and Tatiana N. Tarasenko and Madeleine R. Assaad and Ivan Kosik and Jonathan Yewdell and Peter J. McGuire}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3739}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu3739}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial dysfunction enhances influenza pathogenesis by up-regulating de novo sialic acid biosynthesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TP53 missense–specific transcriptional plasticity drives resistance against cell cycle inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu2339. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In ~70% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the TP53 gene acquires gain-of-function (GOF) mutations leading to rapid disease progression. Specifically, missense p53 (misp53) GOF mutations associate with therapy resistance and worse clinical outcomes. However, the molecular functions of distinct misp53 mutants in plasticity and therapy response remain unclear. Integrating multicenter patient data and multi-omics, we report that the misp53 R273H/C mutant is associated with cell cycle progression and a basal-like state compared to the misp53 R248W/Q mutant. Loss of misp53 R273H/C decreased tumor growth and liver metastasis while prolonging survival in preclinical models. We found that misp53 R273H/C specifically regulated the Rb/DREAM axis involved in cell cycle regulation. Notably, a clinical CDK4/6 inhibitor reduced misp53 R273H/C mutant expression. However, it triggered MAPK/ERK-mediated resistance mechanisms, enhancing cell survival and resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Combining MAPK/ERK and CDK4/6 inhibitors reduced misp53 R273H/C -associated oncogenic functions. Thus, distinct misp53 mutants show unique cell-intrinsic plasticity, therapeutic vulnerabilities, and resistance mechanisms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura Urbach and Lena Wieland and Frederike Penz and Rebecca Diya Samuel and Stefan Küffer and Lukas Klein and Christof Lenz and Ulrich Sax and Michael Ghadimi and Ramona Schulz-Heddergott and Elisabeth Hessmann and Volker Ellenrieder and Nelson Dusetti and Shiv K. Singh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2339}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu2339}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TP53 missense–specific transcriptional plasticity drives resistance against cell cycle inhibitors in pancreatic cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiomic integration reveals subtype-specific predictors of neoadjuvant treatment response in breast cancer. SCIADV, 11(27), eadu1521. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neoadjuvant therapy has been widely used in breast cancer, but treatment response varies among individuals. We conducted multiomic profiling on tumor samples from 149 Chinese patients with breast cancer across ER − HER2 + , ER + HER2 + , and ER − HER2 − subtypes, categorizing outcomes as pathologic complete response (pCR; n = 81) or residual disease (RD; n = 68). We identified distinct molecular features linked to pCR in each subtype: elevated cell proliferation in patients with ER − HER2 − pCR, higher CDKN2A methylation in patients with ER − HER2 − RD, increased KIT methylation in patients with ER − HER2 + RD, and MAP4K1 hypermethylation in patients with ER + HER2 + RD. These findings were subsequently validated in independent datasets. By integrating clinical and multiomic data, we developed MOPCR, a subtype-specific machine learning model that outperformed single-omic approaches in predicting treatment response. MOPCR demonstrated potential generalizability across cohorts and provided preliminary stratification of patient subgroups with higher pCR probability, offering valuable insights for precision cancer management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zongchao Mo and Mei Yang and Zhihan Zhu and Minghao Wang and Haoyu Wang and Zhanye Zhang and Shanshan Lyu and Fangping Xu and Haixia Shang and Huan Lin and Zeyan Xu and Suyun Li and Xiaobo Chen and Kun Wang and Changhong Liang and Jiguang Wang and Zaiyi Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1521}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadu1521}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiomic integration reveals subtype-specific predictors of neoadjuvant treatment response in breast cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). H3K79 methylation and H3K36 trimethylation synergistically regulate gene expression in pluripotent stem cells. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt8765. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metazoan nucleosomes harboring H3K79 methylation (H3K79me) deposited by the methyltransferase DOT1L (disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like) decorate actively transcribed genes. While DOT1L regulates transcription and the pathogenesis of leukemia and neurological disorders, the role of H3K79me remains elusive. Here, we reveal a functional synergism between H3K79me and H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) in regulating gene expression and cellular differentiation. Simultaneous catalytic inactivation of DOT1L and the H3K36 methyltransferase SETD2 (SET domain containing 2) leads to hyperactive transcription and failures in neural differentiation. H3K79me/H3K36me3 loss causes increased transcription elongation, gained chromatin accessibility at a group of enhancers, and increased recruitment of TEAD4 (TEA domain transcription factor 4) and its coactivator YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) to these enhancers. Furthermore, YAP-TEAD inhibition restores the expression levels of genes hyperactivated by H3K79me/H3K36me3 loss. Together, we demonstrate a synergism of H3K79me and H3K36me3 in regulating transcription and cell fate transition, unveil the underlying mechanisms, and provide insight into targeting diseases driven by misregulation/mutations of DOT1L and/or SETD2.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emmalee W. Cooke and Cheng Zeng and Suza Mohammad Nur and Yunbo Jia and Aileen Huang and Jiwei Chen and Peidong Gao and Fei Xavier Chen and Fulai Jin and Kaixiang Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8765}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt8765}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {H3K79 methylation and H3K36 trimethylation synergistically regulate gene expression in pluripotent stem cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Regional disparities in US media coverage of archaeology research. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt5435. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mass media represents a primary avenue for research to reach diverse publics, but relatively few peer-reviewed scientific papers become popular science news. Numerous gatekeepers determine which research manuscripts complete this dissemination pathway, and the resulting media landscape influences public understandings of scientific fields. Here, we compare scientific and popular publishing of archaeology about different geographic regions. Of 1155 archaeology papers in one specialist and six general science journals across 6 years, 32% were reported by at least one of 15 US news sources. Mixed-effects logistic regression models revealed variation across news sources, but overall papers about archaeology in United Kingdom, Israel/Palestine, and Australia were significantly more likely to receive coverage, compared to China/Taiwan. This disparity raises concerns as archaeology influences notions of identity and cultural achievement, and has been misappropriated by racist, nationalist ideologies. We recommend ways for actors in research dissemination to diversify archaeology coverage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bridget Alex and Jenny Ji and Rowan Flad}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5435}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt5435}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Regional disparities in US media coverage of archaeology research}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Delving into LLM-assisted writing in biomedical publications through excess vocabulary. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt3813. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT can generate and revise text with human-level performance. These models come with clear limitations, can produce inaccurate information, and reinforce existing biases. Yet, many scientists use them for their scholarly writing. But how widespread is such LLM usage in the academic literature? To answer this question for the field of biomedical research, we present an unbiased, large-scale approach: We study vocabulary changes in more than 15 million biomedical abstracts from 2010 to 2024 indexed by PubMed and show how the appearance of LLMs led to an abrupt increase in the frequency of certain style words. This excess word analysis suggests that at least 13.5% of 2024 abstracts were processed with LLMs. This lower bound differed across disciplines, countries, and journals, reaching 40% for some subcorpora. We show that LLMs have had an unprecedented impact on scientific writing in biomedical research, surpassing the effect of major world events such as the COVID pandemic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dmitry Kobak and Rita González-Márquez and Emőke-Ágnes Horvát and Jan Lause}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3813}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt3813}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Delving into LLM-assisted writing in biomedical publications through excess vocabulary}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dicer is cleaved by the leader protease encoded by foot-and-mouth disease virus to promote infection in mammalian cells. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt3751. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The endoribonuclease Dicer is a central component of the posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism based on RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotes. The antiviral role of RNAi in mammalian cells remains controversial while a number of viral suppressors of RNAi (VSR) able to inhibit Dicer activity and promote infection have been identified. Here, we explored the integrity and functional role of Dicer during FMDV infection. These studies showed that the FMDV-encoded Leader protease (Lpro) specifically cleaves Dicer at a conserved DExD/H helicase motif releasing the complete N-terminal helicase domain. Dicer cleavage by Lpro suppressed small hairpin RNA (shRNA)–induced RNAi in swine cells. Silencing of Dicer conferred increased susceptibility to an Lpro-deficient FMDV, revealing a Dicer-dependent antiviral effect which can be effectively counteracted by Lpro. This mutant generated a remarkably different profile of viral small RNAs (vsRNAs) in infected cells compared with the wild-type virus. Overall, we identified a viral mechanism of dampening or modulating antiviral defenses based on Dicer proteolytic degradation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Miguel Rodríguez-Pulido and Miguel Ángel Sanz and Lucía Camacho and Ricardo Ramos and Margarita Sáiz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3751}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt3751}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dicer is cleaved by the leader protease encoded by foot-and-mouth disease virus to promote infection in mammalian cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disentangling the intertwined orders in a magnetic kagome metal. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt2195. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intertwined orders appear when multiple orders are strongly interacting, and kagome metals have emerged as new platforms to explore exotic phases. FeGe has been found to develop a charge density wave (CDW) order within magnetic phase, suggesting an intricate interplay of the lattice, charge, and spin degrees of freedom. Recently, postgrowth annealing has been proposed to tune the CDW order from long-range to complete suppression, offering a tuning knob for the CDW order. Here, by comparing the electronic structures of FeGe subjected to different annealing conditions and distinct CDW properties, we report spectral evolution associated with the lattice and spin degrees of freedom. We find band evolution linked to a spin density wave (SDW) order present in both samples with and without CDW order, and another evolution connected to the lattice distortions that onset with the long-range CDW order and revert with the SDW order. Our results reveal a rare competitive cooperation of the lattice, spin, and charge in FeGe.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ji Seop Oh and Ananya Biswas and Mason L. Klemm and Hengxin Tan and Yaofeng Xie and Bin Gao and Makoto Hashimoto and Donghui Lu and Binghai Yan and Pengcheng Dai and Robert J. Birgeneau and Ming Yi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2195}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt2195}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disentangling the intertwined orders in a magnetic kagome metal}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Connectivity differs by orders of magnitude among co-distributed corals, affecting spatial scales of eco-evolutionary processes. SCIADV, 11(27), eadt2066. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reef building corals are declining worldwide, yet the processes driving population connectivity remain poorly understood. Using complementary analyses, we provide quantitative estimates of ecologically relevant dispersal and evolutionarily important gene flow in co-distributed coral species on the Great Barrier Reef. We find dispersal distances across meters (23 to 102 meters) in the brooding Stylophora pistillata and across kilometers (21 to 52 kilometers) in the broadcast spawning Pocillopora verrucosa , consistent with expectations based on their reproductive modes. Similarly, while gene flow rates averaged over the past ~400,000 generations are very low among S. pistillata populations, P. verrucosa populations are well connected. As a result, estimates of genetic diversity across multiple metrics and population sizes are smaller in S. pistillata compared to P. verrucosa . These results highlight the importance of spatial scales and reproductive modes in predicting coral adaptive responses and underscore the value of considering spatial connections between target populations in conservation and restoration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zoe Meziere and Katharine Prata and Marine Lechene and Renata Ferrari and Iva Popovic and Cynthia Riginos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2066}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadt2066}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Connectivity differs by orders of magnitude among co-distributed corals, affecting spatial scales of eco-evolutionary processes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fast and robust visual object recognition in young children. SCIADV, 11(27), eads6821. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {By adulthood, humans rapidly identify objects from sparse visual displays and across large disruptions to their appearance. What are the minimal conditions needed to achieve robust recognition abilities and when might these abilities develop? To answer these questions, we investigated the upper limits of children’s object recognition abilities. We found that children as young as 3 years successfully identified objects at speeds of 100 milliseconds (both forward and backward masked) under sparse and disrupted viewing conditions. By contrast, a range of computational models implemented with biologically informed properties or optimized for visual recognition did not reach child-level performance. Models only matched children if they received more object examples than children are capable of experiencing. These findings highlight the robustness of the human visual system in the absence of extensive experience and identify important developmental constraints for building biologically plausible machines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vladislav Ayzenberg and Sukran Bahar Sener and Kylee Novick and Stella F. Lourenco}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6821}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eads6821}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fast and robust visual object recognition in young children}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SARS-CoV-2 induces alzheimer’s disease–related amyloid-β pathology in ex vivo human retinal explants and retinal organoids. SCIADV, 11(27), eads5006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease remains unknown, there is growing support for the amyloid-β antimicrobial hypothesis. Amyloid-β, the main component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease, has been shown to be generated in the presence of microbes. Entrapment of microbes by aggregated amyloid-β may serve as an innate immune response to pathogenic infections. To understand the association of amyloid-β plaques and pathogenic infections in the central nervous system, we obtained viable short-interval postmortem human retinal tissue and generated human retinal organoids that contain electrophysiologically active neurons. Here, we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces amyloid-β extracellular protein aggregates in human retinal explants and retinal organoids. Last, pharmacological inhibition of neuropilin-1 resulted in reduced amyloid-β deposition in human retinal explants treated with SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 protein. These results suggest that Spike 1 protein, during infection with SARS-CoV-2, can induce amyloid-β aggregation, which may be associated with the neurological symptoms experienced in COVID-19.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sean J. Miller and Rahul M. Dhodapkar and Hande Eda Sutova and Yao Xue and Seunghoon Lee and Robert Logan and Chongzhao Ran and Sagar Bhatta and Ashley Gomm and In Gyoung Ju and Michael Heyang and Rayyan Y. Darji and Marcello DiStasio and Rudolph E. Tanzi and Can Zhang and Z. Jimmy Zhou and Brian P. Hafler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eads5006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SARS-CoV-2 induces alzheimer’s disease–related amyloid-β pathology in ex vivo human retinal explants and retinal organoids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Machining swarf formation–inspired fabrication of ferrofluidic helical miniature robots with multimodal locomotion capability. SCIADV, 11(27), eads4411. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic helical robots (MHRs) have shown notable potential for targeted therapy. However, traditional fabrication methods are usually complex and expensive, and the prepared MHR’s locomotion is monotonous with limited capacity. Here, we present a cost-effective, customizable, and scalable fabrication craft of MHR, via using bent needle tips to engrave helical structures onto polymethyl methacrylate substrates and incorporating nanoparticle alignment strategies to create ferrofluidic helical miniature robots (FHMRs) with cross-scale size scopes. We then propose strategic magnetic driving methods that enable FHMRs with five powerful motion modes for negotiating various application scenarios. Experimental results show that FHMRs can move flexibly and effectively simulate thrombus removal within a vascular model by integrating multiple motion modes. Furthermore, modified FHMRs can swiftly deliver drugs to targeted areas, with the capability for phased release on surfaces of wrinkled physiological tissues. These advancements highlight the considerable potential of FHMRs for future applications in the biomedical field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinjian Fan and Qinkai Chen and Mingtong Li and Zhengnan Wu and Dingwen Tong and Hui Xie and Zhan Yang and Lining Sun and Metin Sitti}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4411}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eads4411}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Machining swarf formation–inspired fabrication of ferrofluidic helical miniature robots with multimodal locomotion capability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ evidence for serpentinization within the máaz formation, jezero crater, mars. SCIADV, 11(27), eadr8793. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As both a source of atmospheric H 2 and a sink for liquid water, the serpentinization of olivine-bearing rocks is widely thought to have influenced the long-term evolution of the early martian atmosphere and hydrosphere. However, the mechanisms, timing, and global importance of this process are unconstrained, in part because the remnants of ancient serpentinizing systems have not been examined in situ. New geochemical and mineralogical data from multiple instruments aboard the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover record serpentinization and associated H 2 production in ancient igneous rocks of the Máaz formation, exposed on the Jezero crater floor. These data, combined with petrogenetic constraints, indicate that serpentinization may have been driven by devolatilization of magmatic H 2 O, highlighting a potential link between H 2 production and the style and tempo of magmatism within the ancient martian crust.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicholas J. Tosca and Michael M. Tice and Joel A. Hurowitz and David A. K. Pedersen and Jesper Henneke and Lucia Mandon and Francis M. McCubbin and Oliver Ross and Po-Yen Tung and Richard J. Harrison and An Li and Mariek E. Schmidt and Tanya V. Kizovski and Yang Liu and Lisa Mayhew and Michael W. M. Jones and Josh Labrie and Scott Davidoff and Abigail C. Allwood and Olivier Beyssac and Adrian Brown and Morgan Cable and Jade Comellas and Benton C. Clark and Adrian E. Galvin and Briony Horgan and Christopher M. Heirwegh and Peter Nemere and Brendan J. Orenstein and Cathy Quantin-Nataf and Clément Royer and Allan Treiman and Lawrence A. Wade and Roger Wiens and Austin P. Wright}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8793}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadr8793}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ evidence for serpentinization within the máaz formation, jezero crater, mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Simultaneous two-color imaging with a dual-channel miniscope in freely behaving mice. SCIADV, 11(27), eadr6470. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Miniaturized fluorescence microscopes (miniscopes) enable imaging of calcium events from a large population of neurons in freely behaving animals. Traditionally, miniscopes have only been able to record from a single fluorescence wavelength. Here, we present an open-source dual-channel miniscope that simultaneously records two wavelengths in freely behaving animals. To enable simultaneous acquisition of two fluorescent wavelengths, we incorporated two CMOS sensors into a single miniscope. To validate our dual-channel miniscope, we imaged hippocampal CA1 region that co-expressed a dynamic calcium indicator (GCaMP) and a static nuclear signal (dTomato) while mice ran on a linear track. Our results suggest that, even when neurons were registered across days using dTomato signals, hippocampal spatial coding changes over time. In conclusion, our dual-channel miniscope enables imaging of two fluorescence wavelengths with minimal cross-talk between the two channels, opening the doors to a multitude of previously inaccessible experimental possibilities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhe Dong and Yu Feng and Keziah Diego and Austin M. Baggetta and Brian M. Sweis and Zachary T. Pennington and Sophia I. Lamsifer and Yosif Zaki and Federico Sangiuliano and Paul A. Philipsberg and Denisse Morales-Rodriguez and Daniel Kircher and Paul Slesinger and Tristan Shuman and Daniel Aharoni and Denise J. Cai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6470}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadr6470}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Simultaneous two-color imaging with a dual-channel miniscope in freely behaving mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Staphylococcus aureus LukMF′ targets neutrophils to promote skin and soft tissue infection. SCIADV, 11(27), eadr5240. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pathogens have evolved to be highly adapted to their natural host. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300, for instance, is a lineage responsible for the epidemic of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in humans. Owing to its human tropism, mechanisms that enabled the rise of USA300 as a major skin pathogen remain incompletely defined. By leveraging a rodent-adapted strain of S. aureus , we developed a natural model of SSTIs. We found that LukMF′, a pore-forming leukocidin homolog to the human-specific LukSF-PV toxin, drives skin pathology in mice. LukMF′ lyses neutrophils via the chemokine receptor CCR1, which in turn fuels inflammatory pathology and microbial survival within the infectious nidus. Ablation of CCR1, depletion of neutrophils, or vaccination with LukMF′ all protected mice from skin pathology. Thus, these data support epidemiological studies linking leukocidins with human SSTIs and highlight the power of natural models to unearth potential targets to curtail infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daiane Boff and Ravishankar Chandrasekaran and Gregory Putzel and Rachel M. Kratofil and Xuhui Zheng and Ashley Castellaw and Kody Mansfield and Ikjot Sidhu and Avantika Dhabaria and Keenan A. Lacey and Sandra Gonzalez and Filadelfia Tadjibaeva and Beatrix Ueberheide and Cynthia Loomis and Alejandro Pironti and Silva Holtfreter and Shruti Naik and Victor J. Torres}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5240}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadr5240}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Staphylococcus aureus LukMF′ targets neutrophils to promote skin and soft tissue infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Orbitofrontal cortex influences dopamine dynamics associated with alloparental behavioral acquisition in female mice. SCIADV, 11(27), eadr4620. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Maternal behaviors, which are crucial for the survival of mammalian infants, require the coordinated operation of multiple brain regions to process infant cues, make decisions, and execute motor plans. Although these processes likely demand higher cognitive functions, the prefrontal areas that regulate limbic parental programs remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) excitatory projection neurons promote alloparental caregiving behaviors in female mice. By chronic microendoscopy, we observed robust yet adaptable representations of pup-directed anticipatory and motor-related activities within the OFC. Some of these plastic responses were significantly overlapped with those related to nonsocial reward signals. The inactivation of OFC output reduced the phasic activities of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons specifically tied to pup retrieval and impaired the modulation of DA release to the ventral striatum during the acquisition of alloparental behaviors. These findings suggest that the OFC transiently boosts DA activity during the acquisition phase, thereby facilitating the manifestation of alloparental behaviors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gen-ichi Tasaka and Mitsue Hagihara and Satsuki Irie and Haruna Kobayashi and Kengo Inada and Kenta Kobayashi and Shigeki Kato and Kazuto Kobayashi and Kazunari Miyamichi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4620}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadr4620}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Orbitofrontal cortex influences dopamine dynamics associated with alloparental behavioral acquisition in female mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomaterials for organically generated habitats beyond earth. SCIADV, 11(27), eadp4985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sustaining life beyond Earth requires the creation of habitats, which is typically assumed to require costly transport of high-mass components from Earth. Here, we investigate an alternative approach based on in situ fabrication using biologically generated materials. We show that several common biomaterials are capable of blocking UV radiation, transmitting visible light, and maintaining pressure differences sufficient to permanently stabilize liquid H 2 O in a vacuum or low-pressure environment. As a proof of concept, we then demonstrate growth of eukaryotic green alga in a 3D printed PLA bioplastic habitat under Mars-relevant conditions of a 600 Pa CO 2 background atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that products of biology itself can be used to create habitats in extraterrestrial environments. This approach is scalable, sustainable, and plausibly could be extended to construction of human habitats in the future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Robin Wordsworth and Rafid Quayum and Elida Kocharian and Ann Pearson and Xavier Portillo and Madeleine Yang and Charles S. Cockell and Shannon Nangle and George Church}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadp4985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomaterials for organically generated habitats beyond earth}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell analysis of the decidua unveils the mechanism of anti-inflammatory exosomes for chorioamnionitis in nonhuman primates. SCIADV, 11(27), eadp0467. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The effectiveness of exosomes engineered to carry a dominantly active variant of inhibitor α of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (IκBα), super-repressor IκB (srIκB), that inhibits the expression of NF-κB in various animal models of inflammatory diseases has been demonstrated. In this study, we used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced chorioamnionitis model in pregnant nonhuman primates to explore the therapeutic potential and mode of action of srIκB-loaded exosomes (Exo-srIκBs). Intraamniotic injection of LPS induced infiltration of BCL2A1-positive neutrophils and CD68-positive macrophages in the extraplacental membranes, causing fetal lung injury. Conversely, administration of Exo-srIκB via intraamniotic and intravenous routes (6.9 × 10 10 and 4 × 10 11 particle numbers, respectively) ameliorated these effects. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the decidua and bulk RNA sequencing of the choriodecidua highlighted that Exo-srIκB treatment mitigated LPS-induced inflammatory pathways, particularly in macrophages, leading to a cascade effect on neutrophils through NF-κB signaling inhibition. These findings underscore the potential of Exo-srIκB as a therapeutic strategy for chorioamnionitis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seung Hyun Jang and Hojun Choi and Eun Mi Lee and Seung-Bin Yoon and Hye-Jung Kim and Cheolhyoung Park and Jae Kyung Won and Seung Han Shin and Ji-Su Kim and Chan-Wook Park and Heon Yung Gee and Chulhee Choi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0467}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadp0467}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell analysis of the decidua unveils the mechanism of anti-inflammatory exosomes for chorioamnionitis in nonhuman primates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). LHX2 regulates dendritic morphogenesis in layer II/III neurons of the neocortex. SCIADV, 11(27), eado1384. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the mammalian neocortex, the two hemispheres communicate via the corpus callosum. We investigated mechanisms regulating dendritic arbors and spines of callosal neurons. The transcription factor LIM Homeodomain 2 ( Lhx2 ), a key regulator of cortical development, is expressed in postmitotic layer II/III neurons and their progenitors. Loss of Lhx2 in either population caused similar but distinct phenotypes: reduced dendritic arbors, altered spine morphology, and changed electrophysiological properties. Morphometric defects were more severe when Lhx2 was disrupted in progenitors and were recapitulated by its specific loss in basal progenitors. Lhx2 loss in progenitors aberrantly up-regulated Neurog2 in postmitotic neurons, and Neurog2 knockdown partially rescued the phenotype. Loss of Lhx2 at either stage also up-regulated Wnt signaling pathway genes. The mutant phenotype was mimicked by constitutive activation of β-CATENIN in postmitotic neurons. Our findings reveal previously unidentified LHX2-dependent mechanisms of dendritic morphogenesis, highlighting its temporally dynamic and diverse roles in neocortical development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mahima Bose and Sreenath Ravindran and Sanjna Kumari and Achintya Srivastava and Archana Iyer and Binita Vedak and Ishita Talwar and Rishikesh Narayanan and Shubha Tole}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1384}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eado1384}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {LHX2 regulates dendritic morphogenesis in layer II/III neurons of the neocortex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanosilicates promote angiogenesis through activation of ROS-mediated WNT/β-catenin pathway. SCIADV, 11(27), eado1223. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Scaffold vascularization plays a pivotal role in the wound healing process, facilitating the recruitment of endogenous progenitor cells and delivering crucial signaling molecules that promote cellular invasion, angiogenesis, and neotissue formation. In this study, we introduce nanosilicates as proangiogenic biomaterials that can prime endogenous cells to expedite angiogenesis and graft vascularization in vivo. Characterized by their mineral-based two-dimensional structure and extensive surface area, nanosilicates are efficiently internalized by endothelial cells, leading to augmented cellular migration and the formation of tubular structures. Through whole transcriptome sequencing, we elucidated that nanosilicates activate the canonical Wnt pathway through hypoxia-induced ROS production. In vivo investigations further corroborate the proangiogenic efficacy of nanosilicate-loaded biomaterials. This study posits nanosilicates as a potential proangiogenic adjunct in the design of biomaterials for in situ tissue regeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giriraj Lokhande and Kanwar Abhay Singh and Shounak Roy and John Soukar and Anna Kersey and Pranita Borkar and Saptarshi Biswas and Raza Ur Rehman Syed and Anna Keller and Kayla J. Bayless and Irtisha Singh and Akhilesh K. Gaharwar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1223}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eado1223}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanosilicates promote angiogenesis through activation of ROS-mediated WNT/β-catenin pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrated in vivo functional screens and multiomics analyses identify α-2,3-sialylation as essential for melanoma maintenance. SCIADV, 11(27), eadg3481. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer biology, and altered glycosylation influences multiple facets of melanoma progression. To identify glycosyltransferases, glycans, and glycoproteins essential for melanoma maintenance, we conducted an in vivo growth screen with a pooled short hairpin RNA library of glycosyltransferases, lectin microarray profiling of benign nevus and melanoma samples, and mass spectrometry–based glycoproteomics. We found that α-2,3-sialyltransferases ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 and corresponding α-2,3–linked sialosides are up-regulated in melanoma compared to nevi and are essential for melanoma growth. Glycoproteomics revealed that glycoprotein targets of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 are enriched in transmembrane proteins involved in growth signaling, including the amino acid transporter SLC3A2/CD98hc. CD98hc suppression mimicked the effect of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 silencing, inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation. We found that both CD98hc protein stability and its prosurvival effect on melanoma are dependent upon α-2,3-sialylation mediated by ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2. Our studies reveal α-2,3-sialosides functionally contributing to melanoma maintenance, supporting ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 as therapeutic targets in melanoma.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Praveen Agrawal and Shuhui Chen and Ana de Pablos and Yellamandayya Vadlamudi and Fatemeh Vand-Rajabpour and Faezeh Jame-Chenarboo and Swarnali Kar and Amanda Flores Yanke and Pietro Berico and Eleazar Miera Saenz de Vega and Farbod Darvishian and Iman Osman and Amaia Lujambio and Lara K. Mahal and Eva Hernando}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adg3481}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {7}, number = {27}, pages = {eadg3481}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrated in vivo functional screens and multiomics analyses identify α-2,3-sialylation as essential for melanoma maintenance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “ATM-phosphorylated SPOP contributes to 53BP1 exclusion from chromatin during DNA replication” by d. wang et al.. SCIADV, 11(26), eadz5386. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “ATM-phosphorylated SPOP contributes to 53BP1 exclusion from chromatin during DNA replication” by D. Wang et al., an immunofluorescent chemistry (IFC) image in the bottom row of Figure 5I was inadvertently duplicated in the bottom row of Figure 5E during the preparation of the final version of the manuscript.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz5386}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadz5386}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “ATM-phosphorylated SPOP contributes to 53BP1 exclusion from chromatin during DNA replication” by d. wang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Structure and dynamics determine g protein coupling specificity at a class a GPCR” by m. casiraghi et al.. SCIADV, 11(26), eadz4217. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Structure and dynamics determine G protein coupling specificity at a class A GPCR” by M. Casiraghi et al. contained an error in the calculation of the concentration of LM189 in the raw data.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz4217}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadz4217}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Structure and dynamics determine g protein coupling specificity at a class a GPCR” by m. casiraghi et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale experimental assessment of variant effects on the structure and function of the citrate transporter SLC13A5. SCIADV, 11(26), eadx3011. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Citrate is an essential metabolite playing critical roles in metabolism and as a neuromodulator during cellular differentiation and development. Mutations in the human citrate transporter SLC13A5, highly expressed in neurons, have been associated with a debilitating form of epileptic encephalopathy. In this study, we used deep mutational scanning to reveal the effect of 90% of all possible single missense variants on the structure and function of SLC13A5. Computational analyses and a detailed experimental validation of 38 variants revealed an accuracy of 86% and provided mechanistic interpretations for deleterious mutations, including the effect on protein stability, trafficking, and citrate transport. Analyses of blood citrate concentration from individuals enrolled in the UK Biobank study supported our analyses. The results illustrate an unbiased mutational landscape of the citrate transporter, illuminate mechanisms of pathogenicity, and offer a platform for the analysis of specific variants as well as opportunities for the future development of intervention strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wen-An Wang and Evandro Ferrada and Christoph Klimek and Tanja Osthushenrich and Aidan MacNamara and Tabea Wiedmer and Giulio Superti-Furga}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3011}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadx3011}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale experimental assessment of variant effects on the structure and function of the citrate transporter SLC13A5}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revealing neurovascular coupling at a high spatial and temporal resolution in the living human retina. SCIADV, 11(26), eadx2941. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurovascular coupling (NVC) regulates local blood flow in response to neuronal activity, yet its precise characterization at the capillary level has been hindered by the lack of a noninvasive, high-resolution imaging method. Here, we introduce the adaptive optics rolling slit ophthalmoscope, a unique noninvasive, label-free, high-speed, cellular-resolution clinical imaging system for assessing retinal NVC in the living human eye. Using an off-axis phase contrast approach combined with camera-based confocal slit gating, our method provides large field-of-view imaging of arterial and venular walls, enabling the study of vascular dynamics with unprecedented spatiotemporal precision. Our findings highlight that this level of precision is essential for accurately distinguishing NVC-driven vasodilation from spontaneous fluctuations, such as vasomotion and the cardiac cycle. By bridging the gap between fundamental neurovascular research and clinical applications, this approach offers a powerful tool for neuroscience research and early disease detection and monitoring of neurodegenerative and vascular disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pierre Senée and Léa Krafft and Inès Loukili and Daniela Castro Farias and Olivier Thouvenin and Michael Atlan and Michel Paques and Serge Meimon and Pedro Mecê}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2941}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadx2941}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revealing neurovascular coupling at a high spatial and temporal resolution in the living human retina}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolic regulation of visual acuity. SCIADV, 11(26), eadx2050. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photoreceptors signal ON and OFF pathways via a synapse with bipolar cells that are transmitted to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) for luminance and contrast detection. Retinal neurons metabolize glucose whose transport is mediated by photoreceptor contact with the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Rod loss in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) reduces RPE contact, diminishing glucose transport. We show diminished glucose leads to light hyperresponsiveness driven by deregulated ON cone bipolar signaling. Transmission of this constitutive signal to RGCs causes ON > OFF signaling imbalance and failure to detect luminance and contrast changes. Our results suggest that the aspartate-malate shuttle in GABAergic amacrine cells metabolizes glucose to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which in turn regulates the ON cone bipolar signal. GABA A receptor agonists such as Ativan are a widely prescribed first-line therapy for seizures initiated by low brain GABA, and we show that Ativan restores ON cone bipolar cell regulation in RP where retinal GABA is diminished, reestablishing luminance and contrast detection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Douglas Emery and Eric Vukmanic and Yekai Wang and Mark Eminhizer and Fuhua Wang and Xiaoqin Lu and Wei Wang and Ashwini Kini and Yao Chen and Enzo Fortuny and Robert F. James and Yongqing Liu and Jianhai Du and Douglas C. Dean}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2050}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadx2050}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolic regulation of visual acuity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chemically synthesized, receptor-biased interleukin-4 and photocaged variants. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw9755. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays a central role in type 2 immune responses. Despite its potential use for allergic and autoimmune diseases, its pleiotropic receptor binding complicates selective targeting of IL-4 signaling pathways. We developed a chemical synthesis of (i) IL-4 variants with atomically tailored side-chain modifications that deter specific receptor interactions and (ii) conditionally activatable IL-4 variants uncaged with 365-nanometer light. In primary cell studies, different variants elicited selective STAT5 or STAT6 phosphorylation in lymphocytes or neutrophils. In murine studies, photocaged IL-4 suppressed inflammation only upon UV irradiation, demonstrating precise on demand control. We accomplished the synthesis and folding of IL-4, a hydrophobic cytokine with three disulfide bonds, using the alpha-ketoacid–hydroxylamine (KAHA) ligation to assemble three segments. We introduced further conjugations, including PEGylation for half-life extension, through orthogonal ligations enabled by functionalized amino acid building blocks. This work highlights the flexibility of chemical protein synthesis to produce therapeutically valuable cytokines, including receptor-biased and spatiotemporally activatable IL-4 variants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mamiko Ninomiya and Cecilie Egholm and Daniel Breu and Onur Boyman and Jeffrey W. Bode}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw9755}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw9755}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chemically synthesized, receptor-biased interleukin-4 and photocaged variants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A machine-learning–powered spectral-dominant multimodal soft wearable system for long-term and early-stage diagnosis of plant stresses. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw7279. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Addressing the global malnutrition crisis requires precise and timely diagnostics of plant stresses to enhance the quality and yield of nutrient-rich crops, such as tomatoes. Soft wearable sensors offer a promising approach by continuously monitoring plant physiology. However, challenges remain in identifying direct physiological indicators of plant stresses, hindering the development of accurate diagnostic models for predicting symptom progression. Here, we introduce a machine-learning-powered spectral-dominant multimodal soft wearable system (MapS-Wear) for precise, long-term, and early-stage diagnosis of stresses in tomatoes. MapS-Wear continuously tracks leaf surrounding temperature, humidity, and unique in-situ transmission spectra, which are critical stress-related indicators. The machine learning framework processes these multimodal data to predict gradual stress progression and diagnose nutrient deficiencies in plants over 10 days earlier than conventional computer vision methods. Moreover, MapS-Wears enables portable and large-scale screening of grafted tomato varieties in greenhouses, accelerating the identification of compatible grafting combinations. This demonstration highlights the potential for high-throughput plant phenotyping and yield improvement.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qin Jiang and Xin Zhao and Tiyong Zhao and Wenlong Li and Jie Ye and Xingxing Dong and Xinyi Wang and Qingyu Liu and Han Ding and Zhibiao Ye and Xiaodong Chen and Zhigang Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7279}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw7279}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A machine-learning–powered spectral-dominant multimodal soft wearable system for long-term and early-stage diagnosis of plant stresses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anisotropic strain relaxation-induced directional ultrafast carrier dynamics in RuO2 films. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw7125. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ultrafast light-matter interactions inspire potential functionalities in picosecond optoelectronic applications. However, achieving directional carrier dynamics in metals remains challenging due to strong carrier scattering within a multiband environment, typically expected for isotropic carrier relaxation. In this study, we demonstrate epitaxial RuO 2 /TiO 2 (110) heterostructures grown by hybrid molecular beam epitaxy to engineer polarization selectivity of ultrafast light-matter interactions via anisotropic strain engineering. Combining spectroscopic ellipsometry, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and optical pump-probe spectroscopy, we revealed the strong anisotropic transient optoelectronic response at an excitation energy of 1.58 eV in strain-engineered RuO 2 /TiO 2 (110) heterostructures along both in-plane [001] and [1 1 ¯ 0] crystallographic directions. Theoretical analysis identifies strain-induced modifications in band nesting as the underlying mechanism for enhanced anisotropic carrier relaxation observed at this excitation energy. These findings establish epitaxial strain engineering as a powerful tool for tuning anisotropic optoelectronic responses with near-infrared excitations in metallic systems, paving the way for next-generation polarization-sensitive ultrafast optoelectronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seung Gyo Jeong and In Hyeok Choi and Seungjun Lee and Jin Young Oh and Sreejith Nair and Jae Hyuck Lee and Changyoung Kim and Ambrose Seo and Woo Seok Choi and Tony Low and Jong Seok Lee and Bharat Jalan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7125}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw7125}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anisotropic strain relaxation-induced directional ultrafast carrier dynamics in RuO2 films}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sequestration of ribosome biogenesis factors in HSV-1 nuclear aggregates revealed by spatially resolved thermal profiling. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw6814. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viruses exploit host cell reliance on compartmentalization to facilitate their replication. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) modulates the subcellular localization of host proteins to suppress immune activation, license viral gene expression, and achieve translational shutoff. To spatially resolve dynamic protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks during infection with an immunostimulatory HSV-1 strain, we integrated nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation with thermal proximity coaggregation analysis (N/C-TPCA). The resulting expanded depth and spatial resolution of PPIs charted compartment-specific assemblies of protein complexes throughout infection. We find that a broader suite of host chaperones than previously anticipated exhibits nuclear recruitment to form condensates known as virus-induced chaperone-enriched (VICE) domains. Monitoring protein and RNA constituents and ribosome activity, we establish that VICE domains sequester ribosome biogenesis factors from ribosomal RNA, accompanying a cell-wide defect in ribosome supply. These findings highlight infection-driven VICE domains as nodes of translational remodeling and demonstrate the utility of N/C-TPCA to study dynamic biological contexts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peter J. Metzger and Tavis J. Reed and Krystal K. Lum and Jordy F. Botello and Lifei Jiang and Clifford P. Brangwynne and Olga G. Troyanskaya and Ileana M. Cristea}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6814}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw6814}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sequestration of ribosome biogenesis factors in HSV-1 nuclear aggregates revealed by spatially resolved thermal profiling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A reusable hydrogel biosensor array with electrically responsive hydrogel interfaces for noninvasive locating of perforating arteries. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw6166. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving accurate locating of perforating arteries (PAs) has great clinical value in various biomedical applications, such as free flap transfer. However, the anatomical variability of these arteries presents a major challenge in PA locating, and existing methods have various disadvantages, limiting their applications. Here, we propose a reusable and flexible hydrogel biosensor array for noninvasive, precise, and efficient PA locating. Particularly, we develop electrically responsive hydrogels to establish rapidly detachable device/hydrogel interfaces, endowing the reusability of the biosensor array. Meanwhile, the adhesion of hydrogel/skin interfaces is also enhanced to facilitate high-fidelity signal acquisition. By analyzing the photoplethysmography (PPG) infrared (IR) signals, the biosensor array can accurately and responsively locate PAs across different types of free flaps in clinical cases, outperforming existing techniques. This biosensor array represents a promising platform for PA locating. The strategy of hydrogel interface design paves the way for the development of reusable flexible electronics in biomedical applications to avoid cross-infection and reduce device costs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ganguang Yang and Yuqi Qiu and Bo Pang and Wei Guo and Shaoyu Liu and Qingyang Zheng and Sen Zhou and Jia Tian and Wei Liu and Bin Xie and Tianzhao Bu and Changsheng Wu and Zhouping Yin and Yutian Liu and Hao Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6166}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw6166}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A reusable hydrogel biosensor array with electrically responsive hydrogel interfaces for noninvasive locating of perforating arteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Data-driven approach for potential iron-based half-heusler thermoelectrics with chemical bonding characteristics. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw4514. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chemical bonding influences various physical properties and holds promise for guiding the discovery of high-performance materials. In XYZ half-Heusler (HH) compounds, complex interactions between constituent atoms, featuring both covalent and ionic characters, are supposed to affect mechanical and thermoelectric behavior. We use a data-driven approach based on first-principles calculations to identify promising HH compounds and explore the correlations between bonding-related features and functional properties. Our analysis suggests that enhanced Y ─ Z bonding correlates with greater bulk modulus ( B ), larger Grüneisen parameter, and enhanced power factor. Tungsten-iron-lead stands out with excellent B = 162.4 gigapascals and a low lattice thermal conductivity of ~7.7 watts per meter per kelvin, leading to a figure of merit of ~0.52 (at 526 kelvin) without any nanostructuring, surpassing that of vanadium-iron-antimony by ~80.8%. These findings highlight how chemical bonding characteristics, interpreted from electronic structure and orbital-resolved bonding analysis, provide in-depth insights into the structure-to-property correlation to accelerate the screening out of potential thermoelectrics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xue Nan and Kei Hayashi and Zhicheng Huang and Yuzuru Miyazaki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4514}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw4514}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Data-driven approach for potential iron-based half-heusler thermoelectrics with chemical bonding characteristics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate change redefines sea turtle hotspots: Vessel strike risks and gaps in protected areas. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw4495. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change is altering marine ecosystems, driving shifts in sea turtle distributions and challenging conservation efforts. Our study examines how climate change affects the global sea distribution of all seven sea turtle species, intersecting with marine protected areas (MPAs) and shipping corridors. Using species distribution models and environmental data from 2000 to 2024, we project sea turtle habitats under current conditions and three future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) for 2050 and 2100. Our results show substantial habitat redistributions, with poleward shifts and contractions, particularly under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. Over 50% of sea turtle hotspots may disappear by 2050, with many new habitats in high shipping intensity areas. Alarmingly, only 23% of current hotspots are within MPAs, highlighting the need for adaptive conservation strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Edouard Duquesne and Denis Fournier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4495}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw4495}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate change redefines sea turtle hotspots: Vessel strike risks and gaps in protected areas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Earliest evidence of rice cultivation in remote oceania: Ritual use by the first islanders in the marianas 3500 years ago. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw3591. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rice was a staple crop in the ancestral Austronesian regions of Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia, but it was unknown in any of the Pacific Islands at the time of European encounters, with the exception of the unique case of Guam and the Mariana Islands. Through multiple methodologies, including phytolith analysis, micro–computed tomography scanning, and thin-section petrography, this recent research confirms the presence of abundant rice husk and leaf phytoliths adhering to red-slipped pottery (“Marianas Red”) at the Ritidian Site Complex in Guam, dated by radiocarbon to 3500 to 3100 years ago. This study addresses the long-standing question of whether the first Pacific Islanders transported rice with them from the Philippines across 2300 kilometers of open sea, representing the longest known ocean voyage of the time. During this early period, rice was restricted to special ritual events in the Marianas. The early voyage apparently was planned with provisions of rice at 3500 years ago.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mike T. Carson and Weiwei Wang and Xiujia Huan and Siqi Dong and Hsiao-chun Hung and Zhenhua Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3591}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw3591}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Earliest evidence of rice cultivation in remote oceania: Ritual use by the first islanders in the marianas 3500 years ago}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unraveling human crowd dynamics through the foot tracking of pedestrians. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw2688. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Movement of pedestrian crowds is ubiquitous in human society. However, it is unclear what dynamical regimes pedestrian crowds can exhibit at different crowd densities, how pedestrians move in these different dynamical regimes, and in which dynamical regime the movement synchronization of pedestrians is most likely to occur. Here, we conducted a unidirectional crowd movement experiment, in which we tracked the movement of pedestrian crowds through foot tracking. We find experimentally that pedestrian crowds can exhibit three distinct dynamical regimes (free regime, slow-moving regime, and jammed regime) depending on the crowd density. In the free regime, pedestrians’ movement is not constrained; in the slow-moving regime, pedestrians’ speed is constrained, but pedestrians’ movement direction in each step is not influenced; and in the jammed regime, both pedestrians’ speed and movement direction in each step are constrained. We also demonstrate that pedestrians are most likely to synchronize their movements spontaneously at the onset of jamming. Our findings provide important insights into crowd dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yi Ma and Zhipan Niu and Meng Shi and Wei Xie and Zuoan Hu and Yidong Wei and Tian Zeng and Eric Wai Ming Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2688}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw2688}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unraveling human crowd dynamics through the foot tracking of pedestrians}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pathways of blue carbon export from kelp and seagrass beds along the atlantic coast of nova scotia. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw1952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coastal vegetated ecosystems are recognized for their role in cycling and storing carbon in the world’s oceans (i.e., blue carbon); however, high uncertainty in carbon sequestration rates is partly due to an absence of studies estimating carbon export to the deep sea. We modeled export from nearshore kelp forests and seagrass beds, showing variability by orders of magnitude across spatial scales (3 to hundreds of kilometers), kelp and seagrass species, seasons, and carbon forms, raising caution in using generalized export rates in blue carbon accounting. Our results also show rapid (20 to 30 days) and extensive export of neutrally buoyant dissolved organic carbon particles to the shelf break (up to 44% within 90 days), contrasting sinking particulate organic carbon particles that largely remained within 100-meter water depth in the nearshore. These results improve estimates of carbon sequestration by blue carbon ecosystems and reveal contrasting patterns of export relative to other regions of the globe.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kira A. Krumhansl and Katherine C. Lee and Yongxing Ma and Yongsheng Wu and Thomas H. A. Baker and Melisa C. Wong and Kumiko Azetsu-Scott and Wendy C. Gentleman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw1952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pathways of blue carbon export from kelp and seagrass beds along the atlantic coast of nova scotia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PET-based immunomapping of intratumoral CD4+ cells to monitor acquired resistance to checkpoint inhibitors. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw1924. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CD4 + T cells are crucial in shaping response and resistance to immunotherapy. To enhance our understanding of their multifaceted functions, we developed copper-64–radiolabeled nanobodies targeting the human CD4 receptor ( 64 Cu-CD4-Nb1) for positron emission tomography (PET). In human CD4-receptor knock-in mice, 64 Cu-CD4-Nb1 specifically accumulated in different orthotopic tumors, correlating with histological CD4 + cell densities. Based on intratumoral CD4 + cell distribution patterns within the core and periphery, we distinguished responders to combined αPD-1/4-1BB antibodies early on-treatment. CD4-PET identified resistance to αPD-1 monotherapy, which was mitigated by adding regulatory T cell–depleting α4-1BB antibodies. Patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer who relapsed after neoadjuvant αPD-L1 therapy revealed low CD4 + T cell densities in the tumor core. In human and mouse tumor tissues, regulatory T cells correlated with CD4 + cell densities. Thus, visualizing the spatial distribution patterns of CD4 + cells by PET offers mechanistic insights into CD4-mediated therapy efficacy, with great potential for guiding combinatorial immunotherapies in patients with cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stefania Pezzana and Simone Blaess and Bjoern Traenkle and Anna Schaefer and Lara Ruoff and Bredi Tako and Salvador Castaneda Vega and Philipp D. Kaiser and Teresa Wagner and Irene Gonzalez-Menendez and Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez and Alexander Rochwarger and Christian M. Schürch and Simon Riel and Martin Schaller and Evelien A. J. van Genugten and Iris A. E. van der Hoorn and Mark A. J. Gorris and Megan Steinvoort and Eva Peeters and I. Jolanda M. de Vries and Michel M. van den Heuvel and Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen and Andreas Maurer and Ulrich Rothbauer and Bernd J. Pichler and Manfred Kneilling and Dominik Sonanini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1924}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw1924}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PET-based immunomapping of intratumoral CD4+ cells to monitor acquired resistance to checkpoint inhibitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Widespread presence of bone marrow–like hematopoietic stem cell niche in invertebrate skeletons. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw0958. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Skeletal harboring of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is generally considered as vertebrate-specific innovation during water-to-land transition. However, this long-standing view has not been rigorously evaluated as hematopoietic sites remain poorly understood in most invertebrate groups. We report, to our knowledge, the first discovery of abundant HSCs in adult mollusk shells, an invertebrate hematopoietic niche resembling vertebrate bone marrow (BM). Cell-lineage analysis and functional assays reveal the developmental origin of HSCs during larval shell formation and their participation in hemocyte-mediated shell regeneration and soft-body blood supply. Widespread skeleton-related HSC-like cells are found in diverse invertebrate groups and bony fish group, suggesting skeletons as a universal niche for animal HSCs and HSC-skeleton association preceding vertebrate water-to-land transition. Comparison of invertebrate and vertebrate skeletal HSCs enables the macroevolutionary profiling of a core-set of animal HSC regulators. Our findings would boost fundamental paradigm shifts for hematopoiesis and stem cell research in invertebrates and provide the redefined understanding of vertebrate BM evolution and water-to-land transition.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shanshan Lian and Naina Hu and Xiaomei Chen and Xiaoting Dai and Xuan Zhu and Runyu Qiao and Sinuo Liu and Yuan Lu and Fengmei Zhang and Fengzhi Sun and Zhongqi Pu and Zujing Yang and Runjia Xu and Hao Wang and Liang Zhao and Qiang Xing and Shoujie Li and Wei Wang and Bo Dong and Lingling Zhang and Jingjie Hu and Jing Wang and Zhenmin Bao and Shi Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0958}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw0958}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Widespread presence of bone marrow–like hematopoietic stem cell niche in invertebrate skeletons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Supramolecular hydrogel actuators with reprogrammable magnetic orientation by locally mediated viscoelasticity and pinning force. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw0500. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic soft actuators with reprogrammable deformations have gained substantial attention due to their adaptability for various applications. However, achieving precise and local reorientation of magnetic particles remains challenging. Here, we present a strategy to locally tailor the viscoelasticity of magnetic supramolecular hydrogels, facilitate reorientation of the embedded magnetic particles, and enable reprogrammable magnetoactuated deformation and locomotion of the composite gels. The magnetic hydrogels are facilely prepared by mixing neodymium-iron-boron particles with an aqueous poly(acrylic acid– co –acrylamide) solution, which spontaneously forms supramolecular network with carboxylic–ferric ion coordinates as physical cross-links. This network enables dynamic control of viscoelasticity by localized laser heating, which reduces the pinning force of gel matrix and allows for reorientation of magnetic particles under a modest magnetic field. We demonstrate that the same hydrogel sheet can be reprogrammed to exhibit various complex deformations and locomotion. This versatile approach to developing magnetic hydrogels with adaptive responses offers exciting potential for soft robotics and biomedical devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuan Wei Zhang and Xing Peng Hao and Weifeng Zou and Zhixin Zhu and Jia Yu Hu and Li Xin Hou and Si Rui Xu and Zhen Luo and Yichen Yan and Andrea Sarabia and Andrea Litwak and Shili Xu and Zhi Jian Wang and Ximin He and Qiang Zheng and Zi Liang Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0500}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw0500}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Supramolecular hydrogel actuators with reprogrammable magnetic orientation by locally mediated viscoelasticity and pinning force}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insertion of anthranilyl unit into inert amides: A facile route to oligoamides and cyclic peptides. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw0465. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Manipulation of polar functional groups to extend the druggability and developability space is an important approach in the current field of drug discovery. Here, we report an editing method that enables the direct insertion of anthranilyl units into inert amides to form versatile oligoamides and cyclic peptides under exceptionally mild reaction conditions. We showcase a diverse array of pharmaceuticals, natural products, and bioactive molecules involving the mentioned scaffold insertion. The synthesis of the secondary metabolites from marine-derived fungi, the expedited construction of bioactive molecules, and the assembly of functionalized peptide macrocycles through iterative insertions highlight the synthetic utility of this method. Computational tools and experimental measurements indicate that a hydrogen bond network formed by reacting and catalytic amide enables the insertion of the anthranilyl unit into a C─N bond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daoshun Wu and Kaili Xie and Yunfang Sun and Li Cao and Fang Liu and Xiaobo Sun and Kendall N. Houk and Lei Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0465}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw0465}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insertion of anthranilyl unit into inert amides: A facile route to oligoamides and cyclic peptides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Feedback transcription regulation between OsNAC3 and OsDREB1A promotes postgermination growth in rice. SCIADV, 11(26), eadw0421. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Early postgermination growth is critical for the success of direct seeding in rice cultivation. However, the underlying mechanism determining postgermination growth of rice is largely unknown. Here, we report the rice OsDREB1A-OsNAC3-OsGA20ox1 transcriptional module that positively regulates the early postgermination growth through the gibberellic acid (GA) pathway. Transcription factor OsDREB1A improves postgermination growth by OsNAC3-mediated increase of GA biosynthesis. OsNAC3 can directly bind to the promoter of GA biosynthesis gene OsGA20ox1 , which consequently activates its expression and increases GA content during the early postgermination growth stage. Furthermore, the expressions of OsDREB1A and OsNAC3 are positively regulated by each other, and the cis-regulatory polymorphisms in promoters fine-tune their corresponding expressions to determine the natural variations of postgermination growth. The transferred elite haplotypes of OsNAC3 and OsDREB1A and overexpression of both genes in japonica varieties contribute postgermination growth. The application of OsDREB1A and OsNAC3 is useful for the development of rice varieties for direct seeding cultivation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengwei Huang and Yongqi He and Wenwen Li and Ling Liu and Zepeng Wu and Yipeng Zhong and Chengjing Wang and Liling Peng and Shan Sun and Zhibo Huang and Jia Zhao and Zhoufei Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0421}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadw0421}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Feedback transcription regulation between OsNAC3 and OsDREB1A promotes postgermination growth in rice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconfigurable robust microrobot collectives with large force output enabled by gradient magnetic fields. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv9290. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Robot collectives offer a promising solution for complex assignments that are nearly impossible for individual robots to execute. In microscopic scenarios, organizing microrobot collectives is now governed by agent-agent physical interactions. However, the existing methods are insufficient to produce robust connections and fail to tolerate harsh environments. We propose a strategy to efficiently program microrobots into reconfigurable robust collectives to operate in various dynamic environments. Magnetic collectives are produced to achieve reconfigurable pattern transformation with considerable structural enhancement via well-designed gradient magnetic fields. The strong gradient magnetic field–induced connections among individual microrobots enable a record-breaking 700-fold output force enhancement, and 0.2-gram microrobot collectives generate Newton-level output forces. The proposed reconfigurable microrobot collectives provide a stable and promising approach to executing droplet, fluid, and solid manipulations via powerful output forces. These results may have implications for further understanding of self-assembly, particle systems, microrobot collectives, smart dust, and related microscopic multiagent behaviors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zichen Xu and Wei Ge and Qingsong Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9290}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv9290}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconfigurable robust microrobot collectives with large force output enabled by gradient magnetic fields}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Smart ultra-long-lasting sequentially triggerable and artfully implantable nozzle system for on-demand drug delivery for chronotherapy. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv8734. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional drug delivery methods for chronic disease often suffer from low potency and poor patient compliance, while current advanced devices face limitations because of bulkiness, frequent implantation needs, inflammation risk, and lack of precise control. To overcome these challenges, we developed the SUSTAIN—a smart, ultra-long-lasting, sequentially triggerable, and artfully implantable nozzle system. The SUSTAIN integrates an osmotic pressure–triggered module, an airflow-generated T-pipe (AGT), and a drug infusion pump (DIP) for controlled subcutaneous drug release. The AGT enables tunable dosing by varying NaHCO 3 /KH 2 PO 4 powder amounts, while shear thinning of the β-cyclodextrin/Pluronic F-127 hydrogel in the DIP ensures sustained drug infusion. In vivo studies show that the SUSTAIN delivers at least four doses of levothyroxine sodium over 10 days and three doses of semaglutide over 42 days, maintaining effective blood drug levels with minimal invasiveness. This system presents a highly promising solution for improving therapeutic outcomes and convenience in chronic disease management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Zeng and Yusheng Gong and Wenhao Jiao and Jiarong Xu and Xiuli Chen and Rengui Xu and Yuan Liu and Xinting Liang and Guanyue Li and Jiajing Liu and Linxi He and Wenhao Li and Xiaoxia Zhang and Xiaoyuan Chen and Wei Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8734}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv8734}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Smart ultra-long-lasting sequentially triggerable and artfully implantable nozzle system for on-demand drug delivery for chronotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The future of baleen whales: Recoveries, environmental constraints, and climate change. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv8031. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most baleen whales were severely overexploited during the past century, but many populations have received near-complete protection from exploitation for more than a half-century. Some of these populations have made remarkable recoveries and are now approaching pre-exploitation levels of abundance. Contrary to expectations of baleen whales making minor oscillations around equilibrium abundances, several populations that have made the strongest recoveries have experienced major mortality events. We review examples from the literature showing increasing demographic variability in recovering populations of baleen whales and present a simulation study on the expected response of recovered versus depleted whale population to environmental variability and climate impacts. We propose that baleen whales are more sensitive to environmental variability than previously recognized; that major demographic fluctuations will become the norm as baleen whales recover; and that climate-driven disruptions to whale population dynamics will be most dramatic in populations with the lowest rates of anthropogenic mortality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joshua D. Stewart and M. Tim Tinker and Robert L. Brownell Jr. and Andrew J. Read}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8031}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv8031}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The future of baleen whales: Recoveries, environmental constraints, and climate change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mixed surfactants for stabilizing and controlling water transport in double emulsions. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv7043. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Double emulsions, comprising an aqueous droplet enclosed within an oil shell, hold great potential as versatile microcompartments for a variety of applications. However, their widespread utility is often limited by inherent instability and uncontrolled water transport. In this study, we use droplet microfluidics to prepare double emulsions with uniform thin oil shells stabilized by mixed surfactant systems. By combining monomeric and polymeric surfactants, we demonstrate that polymeric surfactants enhance stability by preventing oil shell drainage, while monomeric surfactants substantially increase water transport above a critical concentration, albeit reducing the emulsion lifespan. Swelling kinetics experiments, coupled with small-angle neutron scattering analysis, reveal that interface-controlled water transport occurs via mixed reverse micelle solubilization. This study provides valuable insights into designing double emulsions with optimized surfactant compositions, enabling enhanced stability and tunable water transport, with potential applications across food, cosmetics, and drug delivery systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eunseo Kim and Jongsun Yoon and Jong Dae Jang and Heemuk Oh and Hyomin Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7043}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv7043}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mixed surfactants for stabilizing and controlling water transport in double emulsions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). All-inorganic metafabric scintillators for conformally flexible and wearable x-ray detection and imaging. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv5537. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traditional scintillators rely on rigid inorganic matrices with high- Z elements, whose mechanical inflexibility restricts applications in multiple scenarios. Developing an efficient scintillator that combines inorganic properties with flexibility is a desirable yet highly challenging goal. We pioneered an inorganic metafabric scintillator paradigm through self-sustained slip system engineering, transforming brittle all-inorganic scintillation materials into ductile textile architectures, yielding intrinsically conformally flexible scintillators that adhere seamlessly to complex, curved surfaces. The ultimate all-inorganic scintillator delivers near-unity quantum yield, with scintillation output more than 10 times higher than that of previous polymer matrix–based flexible scintillators. Using these metafabric scintillators, a multimodal x-ray interactive wearable platform (X-Wear) was developed, and their applications in body-centered flexible detection and imaging, mobile health, visual radiation monitoring, and breathable radiation shielding were successfully demonstrated. This work offers a previously undefined paradigm for a scintillator system design strategy that maintains the high performance of inorganic scintillators while adding the functionality of being conformally flexible and wearable of fabrics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Li Xu and Peng Ran and Wenqian Zhou and Yu Jia and Jianyong Yu and Yang (Michael) Yang and Yang Si}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5537}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv5537}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {All-inorganic metafabric scintillators for conformally flexible and wearable x-ray detection and imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Traversing the kuroshio: Paleolithic migration across one of the world’s strongest ocean currents. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv5508. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The maritime migration to the South Ryukyu Islands of southwestern Japan, which occurred approximately 30,000 years ago, was one of the most difficult sea crossings accomplished by the Late Pleistocene Homo sapiens . This study performs numerical simulations to investigate the conditions that were needed to cross between Taiwan and Yonaguni Island, where one of the world’s strongest ocean currents, the Kuroshio, remains active. We combined simulations based on three ocean models with data from an actual experimental voyage conducted in 2019. The results showed that travel across this sea would have been possible on both the modern and Late Pleistocene oceans if a dugout canoe was used with a suitable departure place and paddling strategy. Recognizing the Kuroshio, paddling to counteract this current, and using high-level navigation were crucial to success. This suggests that the Paleolithic maritime expansion in the Western Pacific involved both advanced technologies and strategic challenges.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-Lin K. Chang and Yasumasa Miyazawa and Xinyu Guo and Sergey Varlamov and Haiyan Yang and Yousuke Kaifu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5508}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv5508}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Traversing the kuroshio: Paleolithic migration across one of the world’s strongest ocean currents}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paleolithic seafaring in east asia: An experimental test of the dugout canoe hypothesis. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv5507. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Archeological evidence indicates that full-scale expansion of Homo sapiens across the oceans began about 50,000 years ago in the Western Pacific, yet how this was achieved remains unclear. The Ryukyu Islands in southwestern Japan, where archaeological sites suddenly appeared 35,000 to 30,000 years ago, are of particular interest in this regard because of the apparent difficulty in crossing the surrounding waters. In this study, we test if a non-sailing dugout canoe can be produced with Upper Paleolithic tools, and if it can cross the 110-kilometer-wide strait at the western entrance of the Ryukyus, where one of the world’s strongest ocean currents intervenes. Our 7.5-meter-long dugout, manufactured with edge-ground stone axes, was speedy and durable enough to cross this strait. This supports the early development of functional boats, such as dugouts, while our experiment also highlighted that this type of sea travel was possible only for experienced paddlers with advanced navigational skills.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yousuke Kaifu and Chih-Hsing Lin and Nobuyuki Ikeya and Masahisa Yamada and Akira Iwase and Yu-Lin K. Chang and Masahiro Uchida and Koji Hara and Kunihiro Amemiya and Yunkai Sung and Katsuaki Suzuki and Minoru Muramatsu and Michiko Tanaka and Sayaka Hanai and Toiora Hawira and Saki Uchida and Masaki Fujita and Yasumasa Miyazawa and Kumino Nakamura and Pi-Ling Wen and Akira Goto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5507}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv5507}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paleolithic seafaring in east asia: An experimental test of the dugout canoe hypothesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Light field–controlled PHz currents in intrinsic metals. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv5406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oriented electric currents in metals are routinely driven by applying an external electric potential. Although the response of electrons to the external electric fields occurs within attoseconds, conventional electronics do not use this speed potential. Ultrashort laser pulses with controlled shapes of electric fields that switch direction at petahertz frequencies open perspectives for driving currents in metals. Light field–driven currents were demonstrated in various media including dielectrics, semiconductors, and topological insulators. Now, our research question is whether we can drive and control orders of magnitude more charge carriers in metals enabling ultrafast switching with practically low-energy, picojoule-level pulses. Here, we demonstrate the interaction of light with nanometer-thick metallic layers, which leads to a generation of light field–controlled electric currents. We show that the implantation of metallic layers into a dielectric matrix leads to up to 40 times increase of the sensitivity in contrast to a bare dielectric, decreasing the intensity threshold for lightwave electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Beatrix Fehér and Václav Hanus and Weiwei Li and Zsuzsanna Pápa and Judit Budai and Pallabi Paul and Adriana Szeghalmi and Zilong Wang and Matthias F. Kling and Péter Dombi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv5406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Light field–controlled PHz currents in intrinsic metals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-resolution multiomics links nutrients and mixotrophy to toxicity in a harmful bloom of the haptophyte chrysochromulina leadbeateri. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv3390. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Harmful algal blooms (HABs) of the toxigenic haptophyte Chrysochromulina are known to cause fish mortalities and collateral ecosystem damage. The ichthyotoxic mechanisms are poorly understood but likely dependent on toxigenesis by polyketide synthases (PKSs). We hypothesize that induction of PKS activity facilitates mixotrophic behavior during nutrient-depleted bloom conditions. To identify potential in situ stimuli for growth, toxigenicity, and bloom persistence, we compared environmental factors and biological processes identified by metaomics to Chrysochromulina leadbeateri HABs between two fjords in northern Norway. We identified the polyketide ichthyotoxin leadbeaterin-1 from the C. leadbeateri bloom and found potentially associated candidate PKS genes of which most were higher expressed at bloom stations. A relative depletion of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate during the bloom was correlated with higher expression of genes involved in endocytosis, autophagy, and lysosomal activity. Mixotrophy is evidently a compensatory nutritional strategy coupled to induction of toxigenesis and other metabolomic processes as biotic factors linked to Chrysochromulina bloom dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Antonia Otte and Sylke Wohlrab and Franco Moritz and Constanze Müller and Jan Janouškovec and Jan Michálek and Allan Cembella and Daniela Voss and Xinhui Wang and Jan Tebben and Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen and Bente Edvardsen and Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin and Uwe John}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3390}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv3390}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-resolution multiomics links nutrients and mixotrophy to toxicity in a harmful bloom of the haptophyte chrysochromulina leadbeateri}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexible multichannel muscle impedance sensors for collaborative human-machine interfaces. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv3359. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The demand for advanced human-machine interfaces (HMIs) highlights the need for accurate measurement of muscle contraction states. Traditional methods, such as electromyography, cannot measure passive muscle contraction states, while optical and ultrasonic techniques suffer from motion artifacts due to their rigid transducers. To overcome these limitations, we developed a flexible multichannel electrical impedance sensor (FMEIS) for noninvasive detection of skeletal muscle contractions. By applying an imperceptible current, the FMEIS can target multiple deep muscles by capturing electric-field ripples generated by their contractions. With an ultrathin profile (~220 micrometers), a low elastic modulus (212.8 kilopascals) closely matching human skin, and engineered adhesive sensor surfaces, the FMEIS conforms nicely to human skin with minimized motion artifacts. The FMEIS achieved high accuracy in both hand gesture recognition and muscle force prediction using machine learning models. With demonstrated performance across multiple HMI applications, including human-robot collaboration, exoskeleton control, and virtual surgery, FMEIS shows great potential for future real-time collaborative HMI systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junwei Li and Kunlin Wu and Jingcheng Xiao and Tianyu Chen and Xudong Yang and Jie Pan and Yu Chen and Yifan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3359}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv3359}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexible multichannel muscle impedance sensors for collaborative human-machine interfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stalling of the endometrial decidual reaction determines the recurrence risk of miscarriage. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv1988. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In every menstrual cycle, progesterone acting on estrogen-primed endometrium elicits an inflammatory decidual reaction, rendering it poised for embryo implantation and transformation into the decidua of pregnancy. Here, we show that the sequential functions of the decidual reaction—implantation and decidualization—pivot on the time-sensitive loss of progesterone-resistant DIO2 + stromal cells that form a specialized implantation niche and reciprocal expansion of progesterone-dependent PLA2G2A + predecidual cells. Simultaneously, uterine natural killer (uNK) cell proliferation results in the accumulation of immunotolerant subsets. Examination of endometrial biopsies from 924 women revealed that the recurrence risk of miscarriage closely aligns with the incidence of a weakened or stalled decidual reaction, more so than poor uNK cell expansion. Analysis of paired biopsies obtained in different cycles and modeling in assembloids intimated that prior miscarriages disrupt intercycle endometrial homeostasis and calibration of the decidual reaction. Our findings show that erosion of the decidual reaction following a miscarriage drives the recurrence risk irrespective of maternal age.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joanne Muter and Chow-Seng Kong and Mireia Taus Nebot and Maria Tryfonos and Pavle Vrljicak and Paul J. Brighton and Danai B. Dimakou and Megan Vickers and Hiroyuki Yoshihara and Sascha Ott and Bee K. Tan and Phillip R. Bennett and Siobhan Quenby and Alex Richter and Hilde Van de Velde and Emma S. Lucas and Thomas M. Rawlings and Jan J. Brosens}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1988}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv1988}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stalling of the endometrial decidual reaction determines the recurrence risk of miscarriage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A PIF-SAUR module safeguards hypocotyl elongation from ABA inhibition in the dark. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv0895. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Driven by cell elongation, hypocotyl growth is tightly controlled by light and responds to the stress signaling hormone abscisic acid (ABA). However, the molecular connections between ABA and light to control cell elongation are poorly understood. Here, we show that, in Arabidopsis, ABA inhibits hypocotyl elongation in the light but not in the dark. In the dark, hypocotyl sensitivity to ABA is restored in pifq and cop1-4 mutants, suggesting that an active light signaling pathway is necessary for hypocotyl responsiveness to ABA. Through an RNA sequencing subtractive approach, we identified ABA differentially expressed genes that correlate with ABA inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, including several SAUR genes. The abrogation of PP2C.D2-SAUR interaction in the pp2c.d2 / PP2C.D2 M331K -GFP line restored ABA sensitivity in the dark, suggesting that SAUR proteins are key to maintain hypocotyls insensitive to ABA. This hypocotyl-specific mechanism enables growth toward the light, overriding ABA inhibition of cell elongation, ensuring subsequent seedling establishment and survival.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Esther Cañibano and Natalia Rodríguez-Sánchez and Daniela Gómez-Soto and Fatima Zahra El Kendi and Jorge Lozano-Juste and Toshinori Kinoshita and Juan Carlos Oliveros and Clara Bourbousse and Sandra Fonseca}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0895}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv0895}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A PIF-SAUR module safeguards hypocotyl elongation from ABA inhibition in the dark}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Automorphy as a self-organizing DPP-dependent process that translates patterns into mechanical programs during drosophila embryogenesis. SCIADV, 11(26), eadv0311. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Morphogens provide developing tissues with positional information to ensure coherent morphogenesis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) initially form a gradient to pattern the dorsal domains of the Drosophila embryo. Here, we show that the BMP homolog decapentaplegic (DPP) endows dorsal domains with specific mechanical programs to organize morphogenesis. These domains self-organize using high local DPP activities, a process we call automorphy. Automorphy is key to inducing specific morphological changes while being faithful to the initial positional information. The BMP morphogen therefore uses a series of automorphic events to translate each position into physical potentials that later produce a contractile amnioserosa and a dorsal epidermis displaying plasticity. Plasticity allows cell elongation in wild-type embryos, and perturbations of cellular patterns reveal its crucial role in adapting to mechanical constraints. We propose that gradient formation and automorphy constitute complementary processes that allow BMPs to act as a morphogen in the Drosophila embryo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baptiste Tesson and Stéphane A. Vincent}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0311}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadv0311}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Automorphy as a self-organizing DPP-dependent process that translates patterns into mechanical programs during drosophila embryogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-assembling dendrimer nanodrug formulations for decreased hERG-related toxicity and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu9948. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cardiotoxicity, especially human ether-a-go-go–related gene (hERG)–related toxicity, is a leading cause of drug failure or market withdrawal. Reducing hERG binding to obviate potential cardiac toxicity is crucial. Nanotechnology has been applied to drug delivery for reducing drug toxicity and improving efficacy, but few studies have addressed hERG-related cardiotoxicity. We report the use of self-assembling dendrimer nanosystems for drug formulation and delivery, which effectively reduced hERG binding and associated toxicity while promoting therapeutic efficacy. Specifically, these dendrimer nanosystems efficiently encapsulated the antimalarial drug chloroquine, the anticancer agent doxorubicin, and the NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW115, all three having high affinity to hERG channels. These nanoformulations showed three- to eightfold reduced hERG binding affinity, which, in animal models, translated to abolished toxicity. These nanodrugs exhibited prolonged circulation, leading to enhanced accumulation at disease sites and improved treatment outcomes. This study highlights the potential of nanotechnology to reduce hERG binding and related toxicity while improving drug efficacy, offering valuable perspectives for drug development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xi Liu and Dinesh Dhumal and Patricia Santofimia-Castaño and Juan Liu and Marion Casanova and Alicia Comino Garcia-Muñoz and Teodora-Adriana Perles-Barbacaru and Abdechakour Elkihel and Wenzheng Zhang and Tom Roussel and Christina Galanakou and Jing Wu and Eleni Zerva and Nelson Dusetti and Yi Xia and Xing-Jie Liang and Angèle Viola and Juan L. Iovanna and Ling Peng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9948}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu9948}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-assembling dendrimer nanodrug formulations for decreased hERG-related toxicity and enhanced therapeutic efficacy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum sensing of broadband spin dynamics and magnon transport in antiferromagnets. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu9381. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical detection of magnetic resonance using quantum spin sensors (QSSs) provides a spatially local and sensitive technique to probe spin dynamics in magnets. However, its utility as a probe of antiferromagnetic resonance (AFMR) remains an open question. We report the experimental demonstration of optically detected AFMR in layered van der Waals antiferromagnets (AFM) up to frequencies of 24 gigahertz. We leverage QSS spin relaxation due to low-frequency magnetic field fluctuations arising from collective dynamics of magnons excited by the uniform AFMR mode. First, through AFMR spectroscopy, we characterize the intrinsic exchange fields and magnetic anisotropies of the AFM. Second, using the localized sensitivity of the QSS, we demonstrate magnon transport over tens of micrometers. Last, we find that optical detection efficiency increases with increasing frequency. This showcases the dual capabilities of QSS as detectors of high-frequency magnetization dynamics and magnon transport, paving the way for understanding and controlling the magnetism of antiferromagnets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alex L. Melendez and Shekhar Das and Francisco Ayala Rodriguez and I-Hsuan Kao and Wenhao Liu and Archibald J. Williams and Bing Lv and Joshua Goldberger and Shubhayu Chatterjee and Simranjeet Singh and P. Chris Hammel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9381}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu9381}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum sensing of broadband spin dynamics and magnon transport in antiferromagnets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cardiomyocyte-derived YOD1 promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy by deubiquitinating and stabilizing STAT3. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu8422. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Identifying previously unknown targets for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and understanding its mechanisms are crucial. Here, we observed that the deubiquitinating enzyme YOD1 was moderately elevated in human hypertrophic myocardium and mouse models. Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of YOD1 reduced Ang II– and TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Subsequently, we used multiple proteomic analyses to identify and confirm STAT3 as a substrate protein for YOD1. Mechanistically, our findings revealed that the C155 site of YOD1 removes K48-linked ubiquitin chains from K97 on STAT3, stabilizing STAT3 levels and enhancing its nuclear translocation in cardiomyocytes under Ang II stimulation. Notably, inhibiting STAT3 reversed the antihypertrophic effects of YOD1 deficiency in Ang II–challenged mice. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of YOD1 mitigated Ang II–induced pathological ventricular remodeling in mice. This study clarifies the role of YOD1 and introduces a previously unidentified YOD1-STAT3 axis in regulating pathological cardiac hypertrophy, providing valuable insights for drug development targeting this condition.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bozhi Ye and Wante Lin and Yucheng Jiang and Zhaozheng Zheng and Yanhong Jin and Diyun Xu and Yingjie Liao and Zhihan Jia and Jiaji Chen and Gaojun Wu and Peiren Shan and Guang Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8422}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu8422}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cardiomyocyte-derived YOD1 promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy by deubiquitinating and stabilizing STAT3}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Upgrading biocrude oil into sustainable aviation fuel using zeolite-supported iron-molybdenum carbide nanocatalysts. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu5777. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Food waste is an underdeveloped source for production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Now, there is no certified conversion process of food waste for SAF by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). We report the use of zeolite-supported molybdenum carbide nanocatalysts in upgrading biocrudes, produced from food wastes through HTL, into SAF precursors. Our data show a complete removal of oxygen from the biocrude through hydrodeoxygenation and a higher heating value of 46.5 MJ/kg, which is comparable to that of Jet A (46.1 MJ/kg). The prescreening tests (tier alpha and beta) show the average carbon number of the distillation cut (150° to 230°C) of upgraded fuel is 10.6, close to the value of 11.4 for average conventional jet fuel, and the specifications of properties including surface tension, viscosity, heating value, flash point, and freezing point were found to meet the standards of SAF. The metal carbide nanocatalysts were reusable in upgrading tests, and the activity of deoxygenation was retained.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siying Yu and Haozhen He and Sabrina Summers and Zhibin Yang and Buchun Si and Runnan Gao and Anran Song and Joshua Heyne and Yuanhui Zhang and Hong Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5777}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu5777}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Upgrading biocrude oil into sustainable aviation fuel using zeolite-supported iron-molybdenum carbide nanocatalysts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineered CD4 TCR t cells with conserved high-affinity TCRs targeting NY-ESO-1 for advanced cellular therapies in cancer. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu5754. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While cancer immunotherapy has primarily focused on CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells are increasingly recognized for their role in antitumor immunity. The HLA-DRB3*02:02 allele is found in 50% of Caucasians. In this study, we screened HLA-DRB3*02:02 patients with melanoma for tumor-specific CD4 T cells and identified robust New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) 123–137 / HLA-DRB3*02:02 CD4 T cell activity in both peripheral blood and tumor tissue. By analyzing NY-ESO-1 123–137 / HLA-DRB3*02:02 –restricted CD4 T cell clones, we uncovered an unexpectedly high cytotoxicity, strong T helper 1 polarization, and recurrent αβ T cell receptor (TCRαβ) usage across patients and anatomical sites. These responses were also present in other NY-ESO-1–expressing cancers. TCRs from these clones, when transduced into primary CD4 T cells, showed direct antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that these TCRs are promising for adoptive T cell transfer therapy, enabling broader targeting of NY-ESO-1–expressing adult and pediatric cancers in clinical settings.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Margaux Saillard and Mara Cenerenti and Patrick Reichenbach and Philippe Guillaume and Ziyang Su and Morteza Hafezi and Julien Schmidt and Julien Cesbron and Raphaël Genolet and Lise Queiroz and Julien Racle and Jean Villard and Raffaele Renella and Olivier Michielin and Vincent Zoete and Jean-Paul Rivals and Melita Irving and Daniel E. Speiser and Alexandre Harari and David Gfeller and Olivier Adotevi and Francesco Ceppi and George Coukos and Pedro Romero and Camilla Jandus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5754}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu5754}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineered CD4 TCR t cells with conserved high-affinity TCRs targeting NY-ESO-1 for advanced cellular therapies in cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impact of diurnal temperature and relative humidity hysteresis on atmospheric dryness in changing climates. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu5713. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vapor pressure deficit (VPD), a key indicator of atmospheric dryness, is strongly influenced by diurnal cycles of temperature ( T ) and relative humidity (RH). While these cycles are typically inversely locked in-phase, recent research has identified diurnal hysteresis, characterized by a time lag between T and RH; yet, its impact on VPD under changing climates remains poorly understood. In this study, we examine how diurnal T /RH hysteresis modulates VPD across different climates using observational data alongside high-resolution reanalysis and simulations. Here, we find that regions exhibiting strong diurnal T /RH hysteresis, especially in some waterside and montane regions, experience earlier daily VPD peaks. We also demonstrate that global warming weakens diurnal T /RH hysteresis, leading to amplified VPD increasing trends and greater ecosystem stress. These results highlight the need for improved representation of diurnal T /RH interactions in climate models to better predict atmospheric dryness and its impacts on land-atmosphere feedbacks, ecosystems, and regional water cycles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ching-Hung Shih and Yi-Shin Jang and Tzu-Ying Yang and Cho-Ying Huang and Jehn-Yih Juang and Min-Hui Lo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5713}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu5713}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impact of diurnal temperature and relative humidity hysteresis on atmospheric dryness in changing climates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autonomous chemo-metabolic construction of anisotropic cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids in enzyme-powered cell microrobots. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu5451. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Living organisms use intricate strategies to adapt and survive in response to potentially lethal environment changes. Inspired by cryptobiosis in nature, researchers have pioneered approaches to create cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids, aiming to endow cells with enhanced protection and exogenous functions. Yet, these methods still lack the biological autonomy intrinsic to natural cellular responses. Here, we present an innovative chemo-metabolically coupled strategy for the autonomous construction of cell-in-shell structures in cell growth medium. Our system harnesses ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae , chemically coupled with an enzymatic cascade involving alcohol oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, to drive the nanoshell formation of polydopamine. The integration of autonomous shell formation with cellular proliferation produces anisotropic cell-in-shell structures, which can serve as enzyme-powered cell microrobots, upon conjugation with urease. Our autonomous system enables the creation of cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids with dynamic and adaptive environmental interactions, paving the way for transformative applications in synthetic biology, such as artificial cells, as well as advancements in cell-based therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nayoung Kim and Sang Yeong Han and Hyeong Bin Rheem and Hojae Lee and Insung S. Choi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5451}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu5451}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autonomous chemo-metabolic construction of anisotropic cell-in-shell nanobiohybrids in enzyme-powered cell microrobots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lysosomal zinc nanomodulation blocks macrophage pyroptosis for counteracting atherosclerosis progression. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu3919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Macrophage pyroptosis has been identified as a critical pathological mechanism in inflammation-related atherosclerosis (AS). In this work, we have demonstrated that Zn 2+ features the strongest anti-inflammatory performance by screening 10 representative metal ions, and the MTC1 agonists can trigger lysosomal Zn 2+ release and inhibit pyroptosis in macrophages. Based on these findings, we further engineered a mucolipin TRP channel 1 (MTC1)–related therapeutic nanoplatform for endogenously triggering lysosomal zinc release to curb inflammation and block macrophage pyroptosis. This nanoplatform consists of mesoporous silica nanoparticles to deliver MTC1 agonists and carbon nanodots, which could synergistically exert antiatherosclerotic effect by scavenging toxic reactive oxygen species, inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis, modulating macrophage transition, and rebuilding atherosclerotic immune microenvironment. These findings demonstrate that macrophage pyroptosis can be efficiently blocked via leveraging self-lysosomal zinc pool, which provides the paradigm of lysosomal zinc modulation-involved nanotherapeutics for managing other inflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruizhi Hu and Junchang Qin and Wei Feng and Xinran Song and Hui Huang and Chen Dai and Bo Zhang and Yu Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu3919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lysosomal zinc nanomodulation blocks macrophage pyroptosis for counteracting atherosclerosis progression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Strain relaxation in halide perovskites via 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction formation. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu3459. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Applying mechanical strain and strain engineering to halide perovskites has endowed them with intriguing properties. However, an in-depth understanding of mechanical strain, including residual strain in halide perovskites, remains incomplete, coupled with the critical challenge of decoupling strain effects from other interferences. Here, we examine the relaxation of residual tensile strain in three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskites through 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction formation. The 2D perovskite induces structural fragmentation in 3D perovskites, facilitating plastic relaxation of tensile strain. By isolating extrinsic crystalline phase interference and exciton-related optical disturbances, we observe that 3D perovskites retain high crystallinity only with moderate tensile strain relaxation. This moderate relaxation enhances optoelectronic properties in 3D perovskites, including broadened band-to-band absorption and prolonged charge carrier lifetime, markedly contributing to an increase in the maximum attainable power conversion efficiency in photovoltaic devices. Our findings outline conditions for strain relaxation that optimize optoelectronic properties, advancing strain engineering in halide perovskites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dongtao Liu and Jinxin Bi and Weidong Xu and Kieran W. P. Orr and Fei Wang and Xueping Liu and Aobo Ren and Jing Zhang and Steven Hinder and Bowei Li and Xiaoguang Luo and Yonglong Shen and Hanlin Hu and Guosheng Shao and Samuel D. Stranks and Lei Su and Wei Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3459}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu3459}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Strain relaxation in halide perovskites via 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction formation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanochemical patterning localizes the organizer of a luminal epithelium. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu2286. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The spontaneous emergence of tissue patterns is often attributed to biochemical reaction-diffusion systems. In Hydra tissue regeneration, the formation of a Wnt signaling center exemplifies this process. However, a strictly biochemical mechanism for self-organization in Hydra remains elusive. In this study, we investigated mechanical stimuli and identified a positive feedback loop between Wnt signaling and tissue stretching. We developed a mathematical model of mechanochemical pattern formation in a closed elastic shell, representing regenerating Hydra epithelial spheroids. Our model explains how mechanical forces drive axis formation and predict the organizer’s location under various perturbations. Validation by partially confining regenerating tissues showed that the organizer forms in regions with the greatest stretching potential. This work highlights a versatile mechanochemical mechanism for luminal epithelium patterning, which is relevant across various biological systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sera L. Weevers and Alistair D. Falconer and Moritz Mercker and Hajar Sadeghi and David Rozema and Jaroslav Ferenc and Jean-Leon Maître and Albrecht Ott and Dietmar B. Oelz and Anna Marciniak-Czochra and Charisios D. Tsiairis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2286}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu2286}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanochemical patterning localizes the organizer of a luminal epithelium}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Volatility-driven learning in human infants. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu2014. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adapting to change is a fundamental feature of human learning, yet its developmental origins remain elusive. We developed an experimental and computational approach to track infants’ adaptive learning processes via pupil size, an indicator of tonic and phasic noradrenergic activity. We found that 8-month-old infants’ tonic pupil size mirrored trial-by-trial fluctuations in environmental volatility, while phasic pupil responses revealed that infants used this information to dynamically optimize their learning. This adaptive strategy resulted in successful task performance, as evidenced by anticipatory looking toward correct target locations. The ability to estimate volatility varied significantly across infants, and these individual differences were related to infant temperament, indicating early links between cognitive adaptation and emotional responsivity. These findings demonstrate that infants actively adapt to environmental change, and that early differences in this capacity may have profound implications for long-term cognitive and psychosocial development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesco Poli and Tommaso Ghilardi and Jana H. M. Bersee and Rogier B. Mars and Sabine Hunnius}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2014}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu2014}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Volatility-driven learning in human infants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Clumped isotopes of methane trace bioenergetics in the environment. SCIADV, 11(26), eadu1401. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Methane is a major greenhouse gas and a key component of global biogeochemical cycles. Microbial methane often deviates from isotope and isotopolog equilibrium in surface environments but approaches equilibrium in deep subsurface sediments. The origin of this near-equilibrium isotopic signature in methane, whether directly produced by methanogens or achieved through anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), remains uncertain. Here, we show that, in the absence of AOM, microbial methane produced from deep-sea sediments exhibits isotopolog compositions approaching thermodynamic equilibrium due to energy limitation. In contrast, microbial methane from salt marsh and thermokarst lakes exhibits significant hydrogen and clumped isotopic disequilibrium due to high free-energy availability. We propose that clumped isotopologs of methane provide a proxy for characterizing the bioenergetics of environments for methane production. Together, these observations demonstrate methane clumped isotopes as a powerful tool to better understand the relation between methane metabolisms and the energy landscape in natural environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiarui Liu and Edward D. Young and André Pellerin and Jeanine L. Ash and Gerard T. Barrett and Xiahong Feng and Peter R. Girguis and Sebastian J. E. Krause and William D. Leavitt and Kyla Murphy and Qianhui Qin and Andreas Teske and David L. Valentine and Katey Walter Anthony and Tina Treude}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1401}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadu1401}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Clumped isotopes of methane trace bioenergetics in the environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perineural immune environment of olfactory nerves is reshaped by neuroinflammatory drainage and connects to ethmoid bone marrow. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt9591. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains inflammatory cues that enable peripheral immune surveillance of the central nervous system (CNS). While some cranial nerves allow for CSF efflux, the immune environment around CSF-interfacing cranial nerves during neuroinflammation is still poorly understood. Using a mouse model of multiple sclerosis [experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)] and CNS Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (CNS-Mtb), we examined immune responses around olfactory nerve bundles near the cribriform plate, a key CSF efflux route. During neuroinflammation, we found increased perineural immune cells that had access to intracranial injected beads, dye, and bacteria. Additionally, we identified osseous channels connecting the environment surrounding olfactory nerves to bone marrow in the cribriform plate (cpBM). Notably, the cpBM undergoes myelopoiesis during EAE, has access to components of intracranial drainage, and is vulnerable to Mtb bacteria invasion during CNS-Mtb infection. Our findings improve the understanding of how the environments of CSF-interfacing cranial nerves and bone marrow are altered within the skull during neuroinflammatory disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Collin J. Laaker and Kristof G. Kovacs and Cameron M. Baenen and Martin Hsu and Jenna M. Port and Sophia M. Vrba and Mohan Kumar and Annika J. Hubacek and Melinda Herbath and Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka and Matyas Sandor and Zsuzsanna Fabry}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9591}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt9591}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perineural immune environment of olfactory nerves is reshaped by neuroinflammatory drainage and connects to ethmoid bone marrow}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global health risks lurking in livestock resistome. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt8073. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Livestock farming consumes more than 70% of global antibiotics annually, making livestock manures an important vector of anthropogenically influenced antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The global pattern of the livestock resistome, its driving mechanisms, and transmission potential to the clinic are not well assessed. We analyzed 4017 livestock manure metagenomes from 26 countries and constructed a comprehensive catalog of livestock ARGs and metagenome-assembled genomes. Livestock resistome is a substantial reservoir of known (2291 subtypes) and latent ARGs (3166 subtypes) and is highly connectable to human resistomes. We depicted the global pattern of livestock resistome and prevalence of clinically critical ARGs, highlighting the role of farm and human antibiotic stewardship in shaping livestock resistome. We developed a risk-assessment framework by integrating mobility potential, clinical significance, and host pathogenic relevance, and prioritized higher risk livestock ARGs, producing a predictive global map of livestock resistome risks that can help guide research and policy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bintao Li and Lan Jiang and Timothy Johnson and Guangdong Wang and Wei Sun and Gehong Wei and Shuo Jiao and Jie Gu and James Tiedje and Xun Qian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8073}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt8073}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global health risks lurking in livestock resistome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The evolution of infant-directed communication: Comparing vocal input across all great apes. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt7718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human language is unique among communication systems since many elements are learned and transmitted across generations. Previous research suggests that this process is best predicted by infant-directed communication, i.e., a mode of communication directed by caregivers to children. Despite its importance for language, whether infant-directed communication is unique to humans or rooted more deeply in the primate lineage remains unclear. To assess this, we investigated directed and surrounding vocal communication in human infants and infants of wild nonhuman great apes. Our findings reveal that human infants receive dramatically more infant-directed communication than nonhuman great ape infants. These data suggest that the earliest hominins likely relied more on surrounding communication to become communicatively competent, while infant-directed vocal communication became considerably more prominent with human language.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Franziska Wegdell and Caroline Fryns and Johanna Schick and Lara Nellissen and Marion Laporte and Martin Surbeck and Maria A. van Noordwijk and Shelly Masi and Birgit Hellwig and Erik P. Willems and Klaus Zuberbühler and Carel P. van Schaik and Sabine Stoll and Simon W. Townsend}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt7718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The evolution of infant-directed communication: Comparing vocal input across all great apes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Past intrusion of circumpolar deep water in the ross sea: Impacts on the ancient ross ice shelf. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt7075. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica’s largest by area, may face increased instability under future warming, threatening the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Understanding its past response to climate change is critical for anticipating future sea-level rise. We present a multi-proxy reconstruction of ocean and cryosphere conditions in the Ross Sea over the past 40,000 years. Our data show that warm Circumpolar Deep Water reached the JOIDES Trough in the western Ross Sea shortly after the Last Glacial Maximum, coinciding with the retreat of an ancestral ice shelf. This oceanic warming aligns with a southward shift of both the westerly and easterly wind belts, indicating a large-scale atmospheric mechanism driving regional ocean changes. The timing and nature of these processes reveal the tight coupling between atmospheric circulation, ocean heat transport, and ice shelf dynamics. These interactions led to reduced ice shelf extent, highlighting the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean during deglaciation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chiara Pambianco and Alessio Nogarotto and Mathia Sabino and Lucilla Capotondi and Francesca Battaglia and Federico Giglio and Gesine Mollenhauer and Jens Hefter and Alessio Di Roberto and Simon T. Belt and Enrico Pochini and Francesco Muschitiello and Andrea Geniram and Ester Colizza and Giulia Giorgetti and Fiorenza Torricella and Tommaso Tesi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7075}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt7075}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Past intrusion of circumpolar deep water in the ross sea: Impacts on the ancient ross ice shelf}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hepatic NMNAT1 is required to defend against alcohol-associated fatty liver disease. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt6195. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) synthetase in Preiss-Handler and salvage pathways, governs nuclear NAD + homeostasis. This study investigated the role of NMNAT1 in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Decreased NMNAT1 expression and activity were observed in the liver of patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and either liver or primary hepatocytes from ALD mice. F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7)–regulated interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) ubiquitination degradation contributed to the alcohol-inhibited NMNAT1 transcriptional level. Hepatic NMNAT1 knockout aggravated alcohol-induced hepatic NAD + decline and further hepatic steatosis and liver injury. Metabolomics and transcriptomics interaction revealed that the cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD)–regulated taurine pathway was involved in NMNAT1-disrupted hepatic lipid metabolism in ALD. Hepatic CSAD overexpression or taurine supply attenuated hepatic NMNAT1 knockout–aggravated ALD. Hepatic NMNAT1 loss inhibited NMN-protected ALD. Replenishing hepatic NMNAT1 reversed liver lipid accumulation in ALD mice. These findings identified NMNAT1 as a promising therapeutic target for ALD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qinchao Ding and Feiwei Cao and Hui Zhuge and Shanglei Lai and Wenjing Cao and Haibin Wei and Rui Guo and Jiannan Qiu and Qing Song and Liuhua Pei and Chaolan Li and Caijuan Si and Zhaoli Sun and Zhenyuan Song and Xiaobing Dou and Songtao Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6195}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt6195}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hepatic NMNAT1 is required to defend against alcohol-associated fatty liver disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vertical land motion in greater new orleans: Insights into underlying drivers and impact to flood protection infrastructure. SCIADV, 11(26), eadt5046. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vertical land motion is one of the main factors contributing to increased flood risk in coastal communities. Here, we use satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data to detect and measure previously undocumented land motions in Greater New Orleans (GNO), Louisiana. Although most of New Orleans is generally stable, rapid elevation loss occurs in parts of the city (up to −20 millimeters per year) and on flood protection walls constructed following Hurricane Katrina (up to −28 millimeters per year). This work provides unprecedented spatial coverage of land motion rates in GNO, including wetlands and the flood protection system previously lacking data, which allows a more detailed examination of ground deformation patterns and insight into underlying drivers. In the broader context, this work shows the potential of InSAR for measuring localized land motion in New Orleans and similar communities, particularly where the presence of wetlands complicates its application.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Simone Fiaschi and Mead A. Allison and Cathleen E. Jones}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5046}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadt5046}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vertical land motion in greater new orleans: Insights into underlying drivers and impact to flood protection infrastructure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). State modulation in spatial networks with three interneuron subtypes. SCIADV, 11(26), eads9134. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several inhibitory interneuron subtypes have been identified as critical in regulating sensory responses. However, the specific contribution of each interneuron subtype remains uncertain. In this work, we explore the contributions of cell type–specific activity and synaptic connections to the dynamics of a spatially organized spiking neuron network. We find that the firing rates of the somatostatin (SOM) interneurons align closely with the level of network synchrony irrespective of the target of modulatory input. Further analysis reveals that inhibition from SOM to parvalbumin interneurons must be limited to allow gradual transitions from asynchrony to synchrony and that the strength of recurrent excitation onto SOM neurons determines the level of synchrony achievable in the network. Our results are consistent with recent experimental findings on cell type–specific manipulations. Overall, our results highlight common dynamic regimes achieved across modulations of different cell populations and identify SOM cells as the main driver of network synchrony.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Madeline M. Parker and Jonathan E. Rubin and Chengcheng Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9134}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads9134}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {State modulation in spatial networks with three interneuron subtypes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of an unconventional quantum echo by interference of higgs coherence. SCIADV, 11(26), eads8740. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Detecting photon echoes from superconducting Higgs modes is challenging due to the necessity of preserving and retrieving phase coherence encoded in multiple Higgs and quasiparticle (QP) excitations. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of a Higgs echo in niobium superconductors. This approach disentangles unique quantum pathways involving the Higgs mode and QP excitations. Using Higgs echo spectroscopy, we also uncover unconventional echo formation caused by inhomogeneous broadening and “soft” QP bands, which dynamically evolve under terahertz (THz) driving. Specifically, THz pulse pairs modulate the superconducting gap, imprinting coherence and forming a temporal “Higgs grating.” This grating produces echoes with distinctive characteristics: (i) echo rephasing spectral peaks at superconducting gap frequencies, (ii) asymmetric echo formation delays unlike those observed in atoms or semiconductors, and (iii) negative-time echo signals stemming from Higgs-QP anharmonic interactions. Combined with advanced time-frequency analysis, these findings distinguish Higgs from QP responses and clarify their intricate interactions in THz-driven superconductivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuankun Huang and Martin Mootz and Liang Luo and Di Cheng and Avinash Khatri and Joong-Mok Park and Richard H. J. Kim and Yihua Qiang and Victor L. Quito and Yongxin Yao and Peter P. Orth and Ilias E. Perakis and Jigang Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8740}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads8740}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of an unconventional quantum echo by interference of higgs coherence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ecological interactions and genomic innovation fueled the evolution of ray-finned fish endothermy. SCIADV, 11(26), eads8488. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endothermy has independently evolved in several vertebrate lineages but remains rare among fishes. Using an integrated approach combining phylogenomic and ecomorphological data for 1051 ray-finned fishes, a time-dependent evolutionary model, and comparative genomic analyses of 205 marine vertebrates, we show that ecological interactions with modern cetaceans coincided with the evolution of endothermy in ray-finned fishes during the Eocene-Miocene. This result is supported by evidence of temporal and geographical overlap between cetaceans and endothermic fish lineages in the fossil record, as well as correlations between cetacean diversification and the origin of endothermy in fishes. Phylogenetic comparative analyses identified correlations between endothermy, large body sizes, and specialized swimming modes while challenging diet specialization and depth range expansion hypotheses. Comparative genomic analyses identified several genes under selection in endothermic lineages, including carnmt1 (involved in fatty acid metabolism) and dcaf6 (associated with development). Our findings advance the understanding of how ecological interactions and genomic factors shape key adaptations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fernando Melendez-Vazquez and Alexander G. Lucaci and Avery Selberg and Julien Clavel and Melissa Rincon-Sandoval and Aintzane Santaquiteria and William T. White and Danielle Drabeck and Giorgio Carnevale and Emanuell Duarte-Ribeiro and Masaki Miya and Mark W. Westneat and Carole C. Baldwin and Lily C. Hughes and Guillermo Ortí and Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond and Ricardo Betancur-R and Dahiana Arcila}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8488}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads8488}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ecological interactions and genomic innovation fueled the evolution of ray-finned fish endothermy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reorientation and despinning of 4 vesta formed the divalia fossae. SCIADV, 11(26), eads7984. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vesta, the only differentiated rocky protoplanet explored by a spacecraft, offers insight into early planetary formation. The Divalia Fossae, surface troughs comparable in size to the Grand Canyon, encircle two-thirds of the equator. Two giant impacts reshaped the southern hemisphere, where an older basin is partially superposed by the younger Rheasilvia basin. The origin of the Divalia Fossae is widely accepted as directly linked to the Rheasilvia impact, either by tectonics caused immediately by the impact, up-spinning, or secondary cratering. We present several geologic constraints that support a tectonic origin of the troughs due to the adjustment of Vesta’s spin axis to a geoid changed by both large impacts. The best fit to Vesta’s gravitational field corresponds to a spin axis reorientation of 3° that, when coupled with despinning, induces a stress state that predicts Divalia Fossae’s established location, fracture type, and orientation. These insights underline the importance of tectonic processes in the early evolution of protoplanets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hiu Ching Jupiter Cheng and Christian Klimczak and Isamu Matsuyama}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7984}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads7984}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reorientation and despinning of 4 vesta formed the divalia fossae}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Micrometer-scale-thick quantum-dot LEDs with notably enhanced stability and ultrahigh brightness. SCIADV, 11(26), eads7770. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The thickness of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) is typically limited to around 100 nm, which could lead to the formation of short-circuit paths that ultimately reduce the device performance. Here, we develop micrometer-scale-thick QLEDs by using extremely conductive ZnMgO as an electron transport layer. With a H 2 O-regulated doping method, the electron concentration of the ZnMgO film is greatly increased, which results not only in the ohmic injection but also in the trap-free electron transport. As a result, micrometer-scale-thick QLEDs, with thickness of more than 10 times that of standard QLEDs, are achieved. The demonstrated micrometer-thick red QLEDs not only can be directly built on various substrates such as Cu slabs, Ag nanowire–coated substrate, Al foils, and printing papers but also can exhibit a notably enhanced T 90 life span over 11,000 hours at 1000 candelas per square meter and an ultrahigh brightness of 3,941,000 candelas per square meter, which represent 5.03- and 4.36-fold improvements over those of conventional QLEDs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zinan Chen and Cuixia Yuan and Shuming Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7770}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads7770}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Micrometer-scale-thick quantum-dot LEDs with notably enhanced stability and ultrahigh brightness}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). External strain on the plasma membrane is relayed to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane contact sites and alters cellular energetics. SCIADV, 11(26), eads6132. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mechanotransduction is essential for living cells to adapt to their extracellular environment. However, it is unclear how the biophysical adaptation of intracellular organelles responds to mechanical stress or how these adaptive changes affect cellular homeostasis. Here, using the tendon cell as a mechanosensitive cell type within a bioreactor, we show that the tension of the plasma membrane (PM) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) adaptively increases in response to repetitive external stimuli. Depletion of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), the highest expressed PM-ER tether protein, interfered with mechanotransduction from the PM to the ER, and affected the ER tension. We found that an optimized mechanical strain increased ER tension in a homeostatic manner, but excessive strain resulted in ER expansion, as well as activating ER stress. Last, we showed that changes in ER tension were linked with ER-mitochondria interactions and associated with cellular energetics and function. Together, these findings identify a PM-ER mechanotransduction mechanism that dose-dependently regulates cellular metabolism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziming Chen and Peilin Chen and Jiayue Li and Euphemie Landao-Bassonga and John Papadimitriou and Junjie Gao and Delin Liu and Andrew Tai and Jinjin Ma and David Lloyd and Brendan F. Kennedy and Ming Hao Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6132}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads6132}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {External strain on the plasma membrane is relayed to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane contact sites and alters cellular energetics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling the multifunctional use of ochre in the middle stone age: Specialized ochre retouchers from blombos cave. SCIADV, 11(26), eads2797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ochre, an iron-rich pigment, is widely associated with symbolic communication, but its functional applications in the Middle Stone Age (MSA) remain poorly understood. Experimental and ethnographic evidence suggests ochre being useful for hide tanning, hafting adhesives, and skin protection, although direct archeological evidence is scarce. We address this gap by presenting ochre tools from Blombos Cave, South Africa, found in Still Bay to pre–Still Bay layers dated 90 to 70,000 years ago. Seven ochre pieces were deliberately modified into lithic retouchers, showing clear use-wear patterns and evidence of intentional shaping. Targeted experiments confirm that some were used for pressure flaking and were rejuvenated to maintain function. These findings provide direct evidence of ochre being used to retouch lithic artifacts during the MSA, highlighting its role in technological systems of this period. The results emphasize the multifunctionality of ochre and suggest that such curated tools may have held personal, cultural, or technological significance within early modern human communities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elizabeth C. Velliky and Francesco d’Errico and Karen L. van Niekerk and Christopher S. Henshilwood}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads2797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling the multifunctional use of ochre in the middle stone age: Specialized ochre retouchers from blombos cave}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dorsal raphe nucleus controls motivation-state transitions in monkeys. SCIADV, 11(26), eads1236. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is an important source of serotonin in the brain, but fundamental aspects of its function remain elusive. Here, we present a combination of minimally invasive recording and disruption studies to show that DRN brings about changes in motivation states. We use recently developed methods for identifying temporal patterns in behavior to show that monkeys change their motivation depending on the availability of rewards in the environment. Distinctive patterns of DRN activity occur when monkeys transition between a high-motivation state occupied when rewards are abundant, to a low-motivation state engendered by reward scarcity. Disrupting DRN diminishes sensitivity to the reward environment and perturbs transitions in motivational states.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luke Priestley and Mark Chiew and Mo Shahdloo and Ali Mahmoodi and Xinghao Cheng and Robin Cleveland and Matthew Rushworth and Nima Khalighinejad}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1236}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eads1236}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dorsal raphe nucleus controls motivation-state transitions in monkeys}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genomic evidence for fisheries-induced evolution in eastern baltic cod. SCIADV, 11(26), eadr9889. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Overfishing is one human-driven perturbation driving major evolutionary pressure on marine populations. Fishing is often highly selective for particular traits and elicits marked phenotypic changes, while the evolutionary basis of such trait change remains unresolved. Here, we used a unique time series of the overexploited Eastern Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua ) to investigate growth trends during 25 years of heavy fishing along with hypothesized genetic changes at the full genome level. A growth analysis demonstrated a 48% decrease in asymptotic body length from 1996 to 2019 while a genome-wide association analysis revealed outlier loci and gene candidates linked to growth performance. The contributing loci showed signals of directional selection with high autocovariance of allele frequency change and significant overlap with regions of high genetic differentiation. Our findings suggest a genomic basis of fisheries-driven growth impairment and underscore implications for conservation policy regarding the adaptive potential of marine populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kwi Young Han and Reid S. Brennan and Christopher T. Monk and Sissel Jentoft and Cecilia Helmerson and Jan Dierking and Karin Hüssy and Érika Endo Kokubun and Janina Fuss and Ben Krause-Kyora and Tonny B. Thomsen and Benjamin D. Heredia and Thorsten B. H. Reusch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9889}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadr9889}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genomic evidence for fisheries-induced evolution in eastern baltic cod}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The role of magma differentiation in optimizing the fluid-assisted extraction of copper to generate large porphyry-type deposits. SCIADV, 11(26), eadr8464. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) are the main source of copper globally, with the metals transported in and deposited from aqueous magmatic fluids. Processes that define the volume of magma and concentration of copper in the magma required to form PCDs, however, are not well understood. Here, we present the results of quantitative modeling of the behavior of Cu and Cl during magma evolution in the upper crust. We show that fractional crystallization is the most important process promoting efficient Cu extraction, and that high concentrations of Cu in the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids can be reached with moderate Cl concentrations. Unusually high concentrations of Cl and Cu in the magma and large magma volumes are not required. Arc magmas of modest volume (<10 3 km 3 ) and modest initial Cu and Cl concentrations can generate large PCDs, if a sufficient mass of magmatic fluid is exsolved at an advanced stage of crystallization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shunda Yuan and Anthony E. Williams-Jones and Robert J. Bodnar and Panlao Zhao and Zoltán Zajacz and I-Ming Chou and Jingwen Mao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8464}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadr8464}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The role of magma differentiation in optimizing the fluid-assisted extraction of copper to generate large porphyry-type deposits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Headward incision of large rivers in response to glacial sea level fall. SCIADV, 11(26), eadr5446. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sea level change is an important forcing on lowland fluvial systems. Although its impact is suggested to extend up to hundreds of kilometers inland, this impact is often considered confined to deltaic regions. We present luminescence dating of cores from the Jianghan Plain in the middle Yangtze River that demonstrates the influence of the last glacially driven sea level fall extended over 1000-kilometers inland. Luminescence ages reveal a common sedimentary hiatus from ~26 to ~17 thousand years ago (ka), reflecting fluvial incision of >35 meters triggered by sea level fall. Subsequent rapid aggradation occurred within these incised valleys during deglaciation between ~17 and ~9 ka and then slowed down afterward. A further synthesis on global continental rivers shows that sea level change affects large, low-gradient lowland fluvial systems farther upstream than generally recognized, with postperturbation geomorphologic equilibrium reachable in timescales comparable to the length of Quaternary glacial cycles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhongping Lai and Yuexin Liu and Ziyuan Wu and Yantian Xu and Zibin Fang and David R. Montgomery}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5446}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadr5446}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Headward incision of large rivers in response to glacial sea level fall}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tumor-targeting nanocarriers amplified immunotherapy of cold tumors by STING activation and inhibiting immune evasion. SCIADV, 11(26), eadr1728. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The low immunogenicity and immune escape are bottlenecks for effective tumor immunotherapy. Here, we synthesized multifunctional polymers comprising a photosensitizer and cationic and thiol derivates and engineered a galactose-installed stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siPDL1)–encapsulated nanocarriers (cGAMP-siPDL1@GalNPs) for synergistic immunotherapy of low immunogenic tumors through stimulating robust immune responses. cGAMP-siPDL1@GalNPs efficiently delivered the drugs into cancer cells by targeting the galactose receptors to trigger photo-/redox-/pH-activated drug release. cGAMP-siPDL1@GalNPs stimulated robust antitumor immunity via STING activation and immunogenic cell death (ICD) and inhibited immune escape via knockdown of PD-L1 expression in tumors, which synergistically regulated the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Upon laser irradiation, the nanocarriers efficiently eradicated primary melanoma and orthotopic triple-negative breast tumors and induced ICD effects, which synergically inhibited the distant tumor and spontaneous lung metastasis with improved survival rates. This study presents a strategy for developing nanocarriers to activate antitumor immunity and regulate immune invasion for effective immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinhua Zhao and Aiping Tong and Jing Liu and Mingxia Xu and Peng Mi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1728}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadr1728}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tumor-targeting nanocarriers amplified immunotherapy of cold tumors by STING activation and inhibiting immune evasion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). VIRMA-mediated m6A modification regulates forebrain formation through modulating ribosome biogenesis. SCIADV, 11(26), eadq9643. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N 6 -Methyladenosine (m 6 A) modification plays crucial roles in tissue development and homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular adaptation of m 6 A modification and their impact on protein synthesis machinery remain unclear. VIRMA, the largest and evolutionarily conserved core of the m 6 A methyltransferase complex, is highly expressed in the embryonic brain and various cancers. Here, we demonstrate that VIRMA-mediated m 6 A modification is essential for active ribosome biogenesis. VIRMA depletion destabilizes the entire writer complex and reduces m 6 A levels, leading to decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of neural progenitor/stem cells, ultimately causing severe forebrain developmental defects. Mechanistically, VIRMA depletion impairs ribosome biogenesis by inhibiting mRNA decay, triggering a p53-dependent stress response and compromising global protein synthesis. These findings extend to some cancer cells, suggesting a potential conservation of this mechanism. Overall, our study reveals the critical role of m 6 A in adapting protein synthesis machinery during brain development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Wu and Xiaoli Wu and Haifeng Sun and Wen Wang and Leyi Zhang and Xia Liu and Yifan Zhang and Xinning Zhang and Jun Liu and Bin Shen and Tao Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9643}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadq9643}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {VIRMA-mediated m6A modification regulates forebrain formation through modulating ribosome biogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unusual charge density wave introduced by the janus structure in monolayer vanadium dichalcogenides. SCIADV, 11(26), eadq4406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As a fundamental structural feature, the symmetry of materials determines the exotic quantum properties in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with charge density waves (CDWs). The Janus structure, an artificially constructed lattice, provides an opportunity to tune the electronic structures and their associated behavior, such as CDW states. However, limited by the difficulties in atomic-level fabrication and material stability, the experimental visualization of the CDW states in two-dimensional (2D) TMDs with Janus structure is still rare. Here, using surface selenization of VTe 2 , we fabricated monolayer Janus VTeSe. With scanning tunneling microscopy, we observed and characterized an unusual 13 × 13 CDW state with threefold rotational symmetry breaking. Combined with theoretical calculations, we find that this CDW state can be attributed to the magnetic-involved charge modulation in the Janus VTeSe, rather than the conventional electron-phonon coupling. Our findings provide a promising platform for studying the CDW states and artificially tuning the electronic properties of the 2D TMDs toward the related fundamental and applied studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziqiang Xu and Yan Shao and Chun Huang and Chao Zhu and Genyu Hu and Shihao Hu and Zhi-Lin Li and Xiaoyu Hao and Yanhui Hou and Teng Zhang and Liwei Liu and Jin-An Shi and Chen Liu and Jia-Ou Wang and Wu Zhou and Jiadong Zhou and Wei Ji and Yeliang Wang and Chendong Zhang and Jingsi Qiao and Hong-Jun Gao and Xu Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadq4406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unusual charge density wave introduced by the janus structure in monolayer vanadium dichalcogenides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phase 2/3 study evaluating safety, immunogenicity, and noninferiority of single booster dose of AVX/COVID-12 vaccine. SCIADV, 11(26), eadq2887. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Low- and middle-income countries face substantial challenges in immunizing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including high costs, limited access, and insufficient local manufacturing. To address these issues, we developed and locally manufactured the AVX/COVID-12 vaccine using a cost-effective Newcastle disease virus LaSota platform to express a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (HexaPro-S). We evaluated the AVX/COVID-12 vaccine in a phase 2/3 parallel-group, double-blind, active-controlled, noninferiority trial with 4056 volunteers, demonstrating its safety, good tolerability, and ability to induce neutralizing antibodies against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and the Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 variants. It also stimulated interferon-γ–producing CD8 + T cells and met the World Health Organization’s noninferiority criteria compared to AZ/ChAdOx-1-S. No vaccinated participants experienced severe disease, hospitalization, or death. These findings support the use of AVX/COVID-12 as a booster to help achieve and maintain population immunity while addressing global inequities in vaccine distribution, and it has been approved for adult booster use in Mexico.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Constantino López-Macías and Martha Torres and Brenda Armenta-Copca and Niels H. Wacher and Arturo Galindo-Fraga and Laura Castro-Castrezana and Andrea Alicia Colli-Domínguez and Edgar Cervantes-Trujano and Isabel Erika Rucker-Joerg and Fernando Lozano-Patiño and Juan José Rivera-Alcocer and Abraham Simón-Campos and Efrén Alberto Sánchez-Campos and Rafael Aguirre-Rivero and Alejandro José Muñiz-Carvajal and Luis del Carpio-Orantes and Francisco Márquez-Díaz and Tania Rivera-Hernández and Alejandro Torres-Flores and Luis Ramírez-Martínez and Georgina Paz-De la Rosa and Oscar Rojas-Martínez and Alejandro Suárez-Martínez and Gustavo Peralta-Sánchez and Claudia Carranza and Esmeralda Juárez and Horacio Zamudio-Meza and Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi and Mercedes Viettri and Damaris Romero-Rodríguez and Andrea Palencia and David Sarfati-Mizrahi and Weina Sun and Héctor Elías Chagoya-Cortés and Felipa Castro-Peralta and Peter Palese and Florian Krammer and Adolfo García-Sastre and Bernardo Lozano-Dubernard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2887}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadq2887}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phase 2/3 study evaluating safety, immunogenicity, and noninferiority of single booster dose of AVX/COVID-12 vaccine}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Three-dimensional markerless motion capture of multiple freely behaving monkeys toward automated characterization of social behavior. SCIADV, 11(26), eadn1355. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Given their high sociality and close evolutionary distance to humans, monkeys are an essential animal model for unraveling the biological mechanisms underlying human social behavior and elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases exhibiting abnormal social behavior. However, behavioral analysis of naturally behaving monkeys requires manual counting of various behaviors, which has been a bottleneck due to problems in throughput and objectivity. Here, we developed a three-dimensional markerless motion capture system that used multi-view data for robust tracking of individual monkeys and accurate reconstruction of the three-dimensional poses of multiple monkeys living in groups. Validation analysis in two monkey groups revealed that the system enabled the characterization of individual social dispositions and relationships through automated detection of eight basic social events. Analyses of social looking demonstrated its potential for investigating adaptive behaviors in a social group. These results suggest that this motion capture system will greatly enhance our ability to analyze primate social behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jumpei Matsumoto and Takaaki Kaneko and Kei Kimura and Salvador Blanco Negrete and Jia Guo and Naoko Suda-Hashimoto and Akihisa Kaneko and Mayumi Morimoto and Hiroshi Nishimaru and Tsuyoshi Setogawa and Yasuhiro Go and Tomohiro Shibata and Hisao Nishijo and Masahiko Takada and Ken-ichi Inoue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1355}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {26}, pages = {eadn1355}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Three-dimensional markerless motion capture of multiple freely behaving monkeys toward automated characterization of social behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Targeting and arginine-driven synergizing photodynamic therapy with nutritional immunotherapy nanosystems for combating MRSA biofilms” by a. zhang et al.. SCIADV, 11(25), eadz3363. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Targeting and arginine-driven synergizing photodynamic therapy with nutritional immunotherapy nanosystems for combating MRSA biofilms” by A. Zhang et al. three errors in the figures. Figure 3J had a typo in the color scale due to a software error, Figure 7I had a typo on the y-axis label, and the authors inadvertently duplicated an antimicrobial activity dataset in Figure 7H.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz3363}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadz3363}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Targeting and arginine-driven synergizing photodynamic therapy with nutritional immunotherapy nanosystems for combating MRSA biofilms” by a. zhang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemical synthesis uncovers the significant impact of natural glycosylation on islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation. SCIADV, 11(25), eadx8201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein and peptide aggregation poses substantial challenges in disease pathology and therapeutic development. While natural glycosylation may mitigate aggregation, its efficacy and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood due to limited access to homogeneous samples with complex glycans. This study addresses these knowledge gaps by investigating the natural glycosylation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a peptide with therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes but problematic aggregation. An optimized chemical synthesis enabled preparation of diverse IAPP glycoforms with complex glycan structures, allowing systematic evaluation of their effects on aggregation, cytotoxicity, and solubility. Sialylated glycans at Thr 30 completely inhibited IAPP aggregation, eliminated cytotoxicity toward pancreatic β cells, and enhanced solubility by up to 280-fold. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations revealed that glycosylation impedes adoption of a four-stranded β-sheet conformation in IAPP dimers. These findings advance the understanding of the role of natural glycosylation in aggregation and highlight its potential as an evolutionarily inspired strategy to enhance the therapeutic utility of IAPP.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yaohao Li and Wenqiang Liu and Ruihan Wang and Dan Liu and Xin Li and Chuang Zhang and Jinyuan Gong and Zerun Song and Yajing Zhang and Zhongping Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx8201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadx8201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemical synthesis uncovers the significant impact of natural glycosylation on islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Humidity drives spontaneous OH oxidation of organic particles. SCIADV, 11(25), eadx4507. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We report evidence that organic aerosols containing carboxylic acids can be spontaneously oxidized in the dark under normal atmospheric conditions due to interfacial hydroxyl radical production. Product formation is negligible under dry conditions and increases with increasing relative humidity. In a dioxygen-free environment, the oxidation efficiency is substantially decreased. Size-resolved measurements show an increase in the reactivity and product formation yields for smaller particles, correlated with their surface-to-volume ratio. Our findings suggest that spontaneous hydroxyl radical production at the air-water interface of organic nanodroplets may be an important pathway in their oxidation, especially during nighttime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maria Angelaki and D. James Donaldson and Sébastien Perrier and Matthieu Riva and Christian George}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4507}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadx4507}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Humidity drives spontaneous OH oxidation of organic particles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sp2/sp3–Hybridized nitrogen–mediated electrochemical CO2 capture and utilization. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw6592. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture and utilization, powered by renewable energy, are essential to achieving net-zero emissions and CO 2 valorization. While remarkable progress has been made in catalysts, solution design, and system engineering, recent breakthroughs reveal that nitrogen-containing molecules—specifically sp 2 -hybridized structures (e.g., pyridine) and sp 3 -hybridized moieties (e.g., ethanolamine) —hold untapped potential to revolutionize both CO 2 capture and conversion. These structures have been demonstrated as the Holy Grail in facilitating CO 2 activation, stabilizing key intermediates, and streamlining reaction pathways—capabilities rarely achievable with conventional strategies. However, limited mechanistic understanding of their physicochemical properties and interactions with CO 2 hampers broader application. This review highlights recent advances in leveraging sp 2 /sp 3 -hybridized nitrogen structures, unpacks their molecular roles in electrochemical CO 2 management, and offers a unifying framework for their dual-functionality across capture and conversion. By illuminating these nitrogen-based motifs, we uncover practical design principles and open avenues for integrating expanded N-containing compounds into energy technologies—paving the way for next-generation carbon management strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenfang Zhang and Yitong Li and Yiwen Zhong and Peng Li and Lingfeng Zhu and Zhi Zheng and Baohua Jia and Matthew David and Yang Fu and Hai Yu and Tianyi Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6592}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw6592}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sp2/sp3–Hybridized nitrogen–mediated electrochemical CO2 capture and utilization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Highly enantioselective synthesis controlled by spin-exchange interaction. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw5850. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We present a strategy to achieve absolute asymmetric catalysis that is effectively controlled by an external magnetic field via a spin-exchange reaction leveraging the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect. Using an external magnetic field to achieve asymmetric synthesis has long been desired. Here, we demonstrate 90% enantiomeric excess (ee) in [3 + 2] cycloadditions and 89% ee in aldol reactions, where the handedness of the product is determined by the ~±150 mT external magnetic polarization of a ferromagnet (FM). Our approach uses an enantioselective crystallization of racemic catalysts on a FM surface, using a small-scale crystallization vial connected to a bulk racemic solution. Racemic catalysts controllably crystallize into their respective enantiopure forms and are directly used in asymmetric reactions. Thus, we demonstrate that an external magnetic field can serve as a versatile symmetry-breaking tool to achieve highly enantioselective organic synthesis eliminating the need of any enantioenriched reagents.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yong Yan and Melad Shaikh and Matthew C. Beard and Jing Gu and Isaac Hendrix}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5850}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw5850}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Highly enantioselective synthesis controlled by spin-exchange interaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autoinducing peptides regulate antibiotic production to potentially shape root microbiome. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw5076. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbes use signaling molecules to regulate multiple physiological processes and mediate chemical interactions. Decoding these chemical languages is instrumental in comprehending microbial regulatory mechanisms within complex microbiota. Here, we discover previously unidentified autoinducing peptides (AIPs) derived from the plant probiotic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa , identified as Pp-AIPs. Omics analyses coupled with genetic manipulations revealed that Pp-AIP1 could effectively modulate the production of multiple antimicrobial secondary metabolites at nanomolar concentration, expanding known AIP functions. Furthermore, through inoculating P. polymyxa in the natural rhizosphere microbiome and analyzing its antagonistic interactions against root microbes, we suggest that Pp-AIPs may influence the microbial community composition through modulating the antimicrobial spectrum. Global analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) reveal widespread co-occurrence of uncharacterized AIPs with secondary metabolite BGCs. This study underscores the unreported roles of AIPs in antibiotic regulation and the microbiome interactions, advancing knowledge of quorum-sensing mechanisms in microbial ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nanzhu Chen and Peiyan Cai and Xiaoqian Lin and Zhi-Man Song and Jiaze He and Zewen Li and Zhuohan Li and Dengwei Zhang and Yi Song and Yong-Xin Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5076}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw5076}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autoinducing peptides regulate antibiotic production to potentially shape root microbiome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification of a gene conferring broad-spectrum orthotospovirus resistance in solanaceae. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw4333. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Linkage drag can hinder the integration of resistance genes from wild crop relatives into breeding programs. We used a chromosome-scale Nicotiana alata genome assembly and a segregating population exceeding 160,000 plants to dissect the complex genetic architecture and overcome the tight linkage between resistance and deleterious loci to produce plants free from linkage drag. We cloned N. alata RTSW , encoding an immune receptor that confers broad-spectrum resistance to orthotospoviruses through the interaction of its carboxyl-terminal domain with an orthotospovirus-encoded protein. Notably, despite recognizing the same avirulence factor, RTSW genes from N. alata and Sw-5b from Solanum peruvianum have evolved independently of adjacent nonorthologous ancestral loci. Our work illustrates the potential of wild relative genomes as resources from which to precisely introduce disease resistance into cultivated crops.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yong Liu and Jie Wang and Chongkun Zuo and Weishu Fan and Cheng Yuan and Jianmin Zeng and Haiqin Yu and Zhijun Tong and Xueyi Sui and Yi Xu and Min Zhu and Xiaorong Tao and Jiongjiong Chen and Hanhui Kuang and Polina Yu. Novikova and Changjun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4333}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw4333}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification of a gene conferring broad-spectrum orthotospovirus resistance in solanaceae}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Instant and secure fixation of e-PTFE medical implants in surgery by designing a bioadhesive interface. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw3845. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) is extensively used in medical implants for its excellent bioinertness. Existing methods to fix e-PTFE implants on host tissues mainly use invasive anchorage such as sutures, spiral tacks, or metal skeletons, which has limitations such as being time-consuming and causing leakage and tissue damage. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a bioadhesive interface to realize the adhering fixation of e-PTFE implants. We integrate a hydrophilic and bioadhesive hydrogel layer on the hydrophobic and bioinert e-PTFE by designing a facile approach of freezing-induced micromechanical interlocking. The integration is robust enough as pulling hydrogel out of the interlocked pores on e-PTFE requires large energy dissipation. This bioadhesive interface enables instant (operating time < 10 seconds) and secure (adhesion energy >200 joules per square meter) adhering fixation of e-PTFE implants to wet tissue. The advantages for reducing inflammatory response, fibrogenesis, and the resultant postoperative adhesion are further demonstrated in a reconstructive surgery of an abdominal wall defect in rabbits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Gao and Daming Liu and Jing Zhou and Wen Zhang and Danqi Sun and Shuyang Wang and Yipeng Yang and Yuchen Xiang and Yang Zhang and Wei Lei and Tongqing Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3845}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw3845}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Instant and secure fixation of e-PTFE medical implants in surgery by designing a bioadhesive interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Photonic microspheres for high-capacity DNA data storage: Robust, straightforward, and scalable random access via nonfading indexes. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw2613. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA-based storage offers a compelling alternative to traditional optical and magnetic devices. However, random data access usually requires additional noncoding primer DNA as indexes, which substantially reduce the physical data density. Here, we propose an alternative strategy to overcome this barrier by loading different data-encoding DNA files into porous microspheres, each distinguished by unique photonic bandgaps and diameters, allowing for 10 5 types of indexing. With the two features as the addressing indexes, the physical separation of subsets from a diverse pool of DNA files is achieved, thereby facilitating the selective retrieval of stored data. The interconnected nanopore arrays and uniformly distributed positive charges within the microspheres enhance DNA enrichment, achieving a storage density of up to 22.6 exabytes per gram, far exceeding that of previous random access storage methods. This work outlines a simple and scalable method for creating nonfading photonic indexes, enabling long-term random access while maintaining high storage capacity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiu-Jun Liu and Qian Liu and Jie Zhang and Cheng Zhang and Long Qian and Hao Qi and Yue-Sheng Li and Dong-Po Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2613}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw2613}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Photonic microspheres for high-capacity DNA data storage: Robust, straightforward, and scalable random access via nonfading indexes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Why are soft collagenous tissues so tough?. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw0808. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bovine pericardium is the tissue of choice for replacing heart valves of human patients in minimally invasive surgery. The tissue has an extraordinarily high toughness of ~100 kilojoules per square meter. Here, we investigate the origin of the toughness through mechanical tests and microscopic observations. In the tissue, crimped, long, strong collagen fibers are embedded in a soft matrix. As a crack grows in the matrix, the fibers decrimp, reorient, slip, and bridge the crack. These microscopic processes enable the fibers to transmit high tension over a long distance. Using two types of experiments, we measure the bridging traction as a function of crack separation, σ(δ). The peak traction is σ 0 ~ 60 megapascals. The maximum separation is δ 0 ~ 6 millimeters, two to four orders of magnitude higher than that of hard tissues. Both the high traction and large separation of the bovine pericardium contribute to its high toughness.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingyuan Tang and Xi Chen and Fengkai Liu and Liangsong Zeng and Zhigang Suo and Jingda Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0808}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw0808}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Why are soft collagenous tissues so tough?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Monoclonal antibodies targeting the FimH adhesin protect against uropathogenic e. coli UTI. SCIADV, 11(25), eadw0698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As antimicrobial resistance increases, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are expected to pose an increased burden in morbidity and expense on the health care system, increasing the need for alternative antibiotic-sparing treatments. Most UTIs are caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), whereas Klebsiella pneumoniae causes a large portion of non-UPEC UTIs. Both bacteria express type 1 pili tipped with the mannose-binding FimH adhesin critical for UTI pathogenesis. We generated and biochemically characterized 33 murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to FimH. Three mAbs protected mice from E. coli UTI. Mechanistically, we show that this protection is Fc independent and mediated by the ability of these mAbs to sterically block FimH function by recognizing a high-affinity FimH conformation. Our data reveal that FimH mAbs hold promise as an antibiotic-sparing treatment strategy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Edward D. B. Lopatto and Jesús M. Santiago-Borges and Denise A. Sanick and Sameer Kumar Malladi and Philippe N. Azimzadeh and Morgan W. Timm and Isabella F. Fox and Aaron J. Schmitz and Jackson S. Turner and Shaza M. Sayed Ahmed and Lillian Ortinau and Nathaniel C. Gualberto and Jerome S. Pinkner and Karen W. Dodson and Ali H. Ellebedy and Andrew L. Kau and Scott J. Hultgren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadw0698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Monoclonal antibodies targeting the FimH adhesin protect against uropathogenic e. coli UTI}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast infrared nano-imaging of local electron-hole dynamics in CVD-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv9584. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Single-walled carbon nanotubes, as prototypical one-dimensional systems, have been extensively studied for their extreme confinement effects and the formation of strongly bound excitons. However, their high surface-to-volume ratio renders their dynamics highly susceptible to variations in the surrounding environment. Yet, visualizing photoinduced dynamics within individual nanotubes has remained a major challenge because of the lack of methods combining sufficient spatial and temporal resolution with sensitivity to an exceedingly small number of electron-hole pairs. Here, we apply ultrafast infrared nanospectroscopic imaging to probe local electron-hole dynamics in both isolated and bundled carbon nanotubes grown by chemical vapor deposition. This approach unravels heterogeneity in electron-hole pair creation and annihilation, arising from disordered stress within a tube and/or interactions with neighboring tubes. The capability to visualize local electron-hole dynamics in real time and space is essential for advancing carbon nanotubes as fundamental building blocks in nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jun Nishida and Keigo Otsuka and Taketoshi Minato and Yuichiro K. Kato and Takashi Kumagai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9584}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv9584}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast infrared nano-imaging of local electron-hole dynamics in CVD-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Roadbed tribological energy harvester. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv9379. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Roadbed tribological energy (RTE) is a promising recoverable resource with an estimated potential on the terawatt scale, generated annually by the interaction between tires and road surfaces. However, RTE remains underutilized due to the lack of effective energy harvesting technologies that can address its high-entropy characteristics. Here, we present a revolutionary harvester formed by a freestanding layer triboelectric nanogenerator array embedded in the road. The harvester effectively converts low-grade vibratory RTE into electrical energy. It demonstrates the potential to achieve a peak power of 16.409 milliwatts and an average power of 2.2 milliwatts from a compact 78–square centimeter road area under a single tire impact, with a triboelectric conversion efficiency of 11.723%. In addition, we developed a self-powered intelligent and connected transportation system (SP-ICTS), integrating a five-in-one harvesting array. Experimental findings show that the system can meet the SP-ICTS’s electricity requirements along a 1-kilometer segment with a 50-meter harvester.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pengfei Ji and Jing Wen and Xiaobo Gao and Hao Li and Huisheng Cai and Kai Lv and Zhong Lin Wang and Baodong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9379}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv9379}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Roadbed tribological energy harvester}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of a functionally selective serotonin receptor (5-HT1AR) agonist for the treatment of pain. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv9267. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The heterotrimeric G protein–coupled serotonin receptor 5-HT 1A receptor (5-HT 1A R) mediates antinociception and may serve as a valuable target for the treatment of pain. Starting from a chemical library, we evolved ST171, a bitopic 5-HT 1A R agonist that revealed highly potent and functionally selective G i/o signaling without G s activation and marginal β-arrestin recruitment. ST171 is effective in acute and chronic pain models. Cryo–electron microscopy structures of ST171 bound to 5-HT 1A R in complex with the G i protein compared to the canonical agonist befiradol bound to complexes of 5-HT 1A R with G i or G s revealed that the ligands occupy different exo-sites. The individual binding poses are associated with ligand-specific receptor conformations that were further studied by molecular dynamics simulations, allowing us to better understand ligand bias, a phenomenon that may be crucial to the discovery of more effective and safe G protein–coupled receptor drugs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Annika Ullrich and Johannes Schneider and João M. Braz and Eduard Neu and Nico Staffen and Markus Stanek and Jana Bláhová and Tamsanqa Hove and Tamara Albert and Anni Allikalt and Stefan Löber and Karnika Bhardwaj and Sian Rodriguez-Rosado and Elissa Fink and Tim Rasmussen and Harald Hübner and Asuka Inoue and Brian K. Shoichet and Allan I. Basbaum and Bettina Böttcher and Dorothee Weikert and Peter Gmeiner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9267}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv9267}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of a functionally selective serotonin receptor (5-HT1AR) agonist for the treatment of pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Effective negative depth in water waves. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv9120. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ocean waves have long been a hazard to marine operations, making water wave isolation critical in ocean engineering. Traditional methods suffer from large area requirements, high costs, and incomplete isolation. We design a water wave isolation device using periodic gear arrays (PGAs), which overcomes these drawbacks and achieves perfect water wave isolation across a wide frequency band. Water wave isolation occurs by effectively creating a negative water depth, which fills a major gap in the field of manipulating water waves using metamaterial concept. We demonstrate the water wave isolation of PGAs through analytical methods, simulations, and experiments, proving that effective negative water depth is key to achieving the isolation of water waves. The PGAs perform well across a wide frequency band, with potential applications in port and ocean wave isolation. This discovery enriches water wave manipulation techniques and advances the development of water wave metamaterials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Linkang Han and Junliang Duan and Qilin Duan and Yifei Xu and Zixun Ge and Junke Liao and Huanyang Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9120}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv9120}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Effective negative depth in water waves}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tuning hydrogen bonds and electrostatics with convection for purifying mRNA: A paradigm shift. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv8656. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The increasing clinical trials of single-stranded mRNA (ss-mRNA) therapeutics highlight the urgent need to develop efficient, scalable, and economic purification methods. Current diffusion-driven, resin-based purification techniques constrain productivity and rely on expensive oligo(dT) ligands for target ss-mRNA poly(A) tail hybridization. To overcome these challenges, we use interfacial molecular forces, such as charge and hydrogen bonds, between nucleic acid variants and a positively charged synthetic microporous membrane to purify ss-mRNA, a desirable therapeutic, from an undesirable impurity, immunogenic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Membranes achieved high binding capacities (1.28 mg/m 2 ) and up to 100% ss-mRNA recovery at ~pH 9.0, with optimized surface density (4000 to 10,000 nmol/m 2 ). Purification was operated at rapid flow rates (1.5 ml/min,1000 MV/min) with reusability (>10 trials) and negligible ligand leaching. The key discovery of this cost-effective ligand-less multimodal surface-modified approach is that the addition of the polyamine spermine, which selectively neutralizes dsRNA charge at amine-to-phosphate ratios >450, enhanced separation efficiency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas G. Neuman and Riddhi Banik and Surya Karla and Mengyang Hu and Andrew Hartin and Pankaj Karande and James Kilduff and Georges Belfort}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8656}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv8656}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tuning hydrogen bonds and electrostatics with convection for purifying mRNA: A paradigm shift}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plagioclase under compression: A path to diaplectic glass and maskelynite. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv8231. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Diaplectic glass and maskelynite in shocked plagioclase serve as key diagnostic features for high level of shock metamorphism in impact craters and meteorites. However, their formation mechanisms remain unclear and have long been argued, mainly due to the lack of phase diagram for plagioclase with extended pressure-temperature conditions. We report the stabilities of labradorite and anorthite at pressure up to 65 gigapascals and temperature up to 4000 kelvin. Our experimental results reveal the pressure-temperature conditions for amorphization, decomposition, and melting of labradorite and anorthite. The boundary between amorphous plagioclase and crystalline high-pressure phases in our phase diagram indicate diaplectic glass can form at 1300 to 1500 kelvin, and the melting line suggests that maskelynite can be generated above 3000 kelvin at high pressures. Formation conditions of diaplectic glass and maskelynite in plagioclase-bearing rocks are also suggested by the combination of phase diagram and shock Hugoniot data. These findings will advance our understanding of the bombardment history on rocky planetary surfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianqi Xie and Sean R. Shieh and Stella Chariton and Mauritz van Zyl and Ricardo D. Rodriguez and Vitali B. Prakapenka and Dongzhou Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8231}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv8231}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plagioclase under compression: A path to diaplectic glass and maskelynite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Concentric ice-templating of ultracompressible tough hydrogels with bioinspired circumferentially aligned architecture. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv7786. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Materials with circumferentially aligned fibers, such as intervertebral discs and arteries, are abundant in nature but challenging to replicate artificially, despite their mechanical advantages. Although ice-templating can create bioinspired materials, the achievable structures remain limited to simple forms, such as honeycomb, lamellar, and radial structures. Here, we developed a unique ice-templating technique that constructs circumferential fibrous structures in hydrogels through slow freezing. Enhanced with rotary compression annealing, these hydrogels exhibit record-breaking features that cannot concurrently be achieved in conventional ice-templated and top-performing tough hydrogels, including high tensile properties, isotropic fatigue threshold of 2320 joules per square meter, ultracompressibility (8% strain after 500 cycles), and extraordinary burst pressure of 1.6 bar while maintaining 85 weight % water content. These properties enable opportunities in robotics, including hydrogel pneumatic grippers and an untethered bioinspired robotic fish that exhibits high-force actuation and long-term robustness. Our approach enriches the diversity of bioinspired structures in artificial materials, establishing exceptional mechanical properties through cross-length scale structural design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenxi Gu and Shuqi Yang and Dazhe Zhao and Yiwei Zou and Chonghao Chen and Peiqi Niu and Xiangyu Liang and Chi Tat Kwok and Bingpu Zhou and Chunming Wang and Yan Yan Shery Huang and Ji Liu and Iek Man Lei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7786}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv7786}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Concentric ice-templating of ultracompressible tough hydrogels with bioinspired circumferentially aligned architecture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gaia: An AI-enabled genomic context–aware platform for protein sequence annotation. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv5109. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein sequence similarity search is fundamental to biology research, but current methods are typically not able to consider crucial genomic context information indicative of protein function, especially in microbial systems. Here, we present Gaia (Genomic AI Annotator), a sequence annotation platform that enables rapid, context-aware protein sequence search across genomic datasets. Gaia leverages gLM2, a mixed-modality genomic language model trained on both amino acid sequences and their genomic neighborhoods to generate embeddings that integrate sequence-structure-context information. This approach allows for the identification of functionally and/or evolutionarily related genes that are found in conserved genomic contexts, which may be missed by traditional sequence- or structure-based search alone. Gaia enables real-time search of a curated database comprising more than 85 million protein clusters from 131,744 microbial genomes. We compare the homolog retrieval performance of Gaia search against other embedding and alignment-based approaches. We provide Gaia as a web-based, freely available tool.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nishant Jha and Joshua Kravitz and Jacob West-Roberts and Cong Lu and Antonio Pedro Camargo and Simon Roux and Andre Cornman and Yunha Hwang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5109}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv5109}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gaia: An AI-enabled genomic context–aware platform for protein sequence annotation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paleolake geochronology supports last glacial maximum (LGM) age for human tracks at white sands, new mexico. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv4951. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Discovery of human footprints in alluvium dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) at White Sands, New Mexico, was a notable step in understanding the initial peopling of the Americas, but that work was met with criticism focused on the reliability of the materials used in the radiocarbon dating (seeds of Ruppia and pollen). This paper reports on an independent study of the chronology of a previously unrecognized stratigraphic record of paleolake Otero that is directly traceable into the track-bearing alluvium. The stratigraphic data along with 26 additional radiocarbon dates on palustrine mud determined by two labs independent of the original investigations document an aggrading lake/wetland/stream record that includes the tracks and spans >23.6 thousand years to ~17.0 thousand calibrated years before present, providing another line of evidence further supporting the validity of an LGM age for the tracks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vance T. Holliday and Jason D. Windingstad and Jordon Bright and Bruce G. Phillips and Joel B. Butler and Ryan Breslawski and James E. Bowman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4951}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv4951}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paleolake geochronology supports last glacial maximum (LGM) age for human tracks at white sands, new mexico}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Memristive floating-point fourier neural operator network for efficient scientific modeling. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv4446. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Emerging artificial intelligence for science (AI-for-Science) algorithms, such as the Fourier neural operator (FNO), enabled fast and efficient scientific simulation. However, extensive data transfers and intensive high-precision computing are necessary for network training, which challenges conventional digital computing platforms. Here, we demonstrated the potential of a heterogeneous computing-in-memristor (CIM) system to accelerate the FNO for scientific modeling tasks. Our system contains eight four-kilobit memristor chips with embedded floating-point computing workflows and a heterogeneous training scheme, representing a heterogeneous CIM platform that leverages precision-limited analog devices to accelerate floating-point neural network training. We demonstrate the capabilities of this system by solving the one-dimensional Burgers’ equation and modeling the three-dimensional thermal conduction phenomenon. An expected nearly 116 times to 21 times increase in computational energy efficiency was achieved, with solution precision comparable to those of digital processors. Our results extend in-memristor computing applicability beyond edge neural networks and facilitate construction of future AI-for-Science computing platforms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiancong Li and Jing Tian and Yudeng Lin and Zhiwei Zhou and Yi Li and Bin Gao and Jianshi Tang and Jia Chen and Yuhui He and He Qian and Huaqiang Wu and Xiangshui Miao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4446}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv4446}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Memristive floating-point fourier neural operator network for efficient scientific modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamical renormalization of the magnetic excitation spectrum via high-momentum nonlinear magnonics. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv4207. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sustaining the growth of the data volume generated by artificial intelligence and the internet of things demands to develop schemes for data storage and processing operating at terahertz frequencies, unrestrained by thermal throttling. The optical drive of coherent magnetic collective excitations, namely magnons, represents a promising route. The ability to arbitrarily and nonthermally increase the magnon frequencies with laser pulses could enable this progress. However, this effect has not been reported to date. To achieve it, here, we explore the optical resonant excitation of high-momentum magnons, which experimentally are observed to couple to low-momentum magnons, modifying the frequencies and amplitudes thereof. This evidence, not caused by laser heating, is explained with a resonant light-scattering mechanism coupling high- and low-momentum eigenmodes across momentum space. Our results disclose routes to inducing instabilities and phase transitions via mode softening and potentially even light-driven Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons and superconductivity mediated by high-momentum spin-fluctuations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christoph Schönfeld and Lennart Feuerer and Julian Bär and Lukas Dörfelt and Maik Kerstingskötter and Tobias Dannegger and Dennis Wuhrer and Wolfgang Belzig and Ulrich Nowak and Alfred Leitenstorfer and Dominik Juraschek and Davide Bossini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4207}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv4207}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamical renormalization of the magnetic excitation spectrum via high-momentum nonlinear magnonics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single organic electrochemical neuron capable of anticoincidence detection. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv3194. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Emulating complex neural computations like solving linearly inseparable tasks within single artificial neurons has remained an elusive goal in neuromorphic engineering. Here, we report a dendritic organic electrochemical neuron (d-OECN) capable of achieving anticoincidence detection by classifying the exclusive-OR (XOR) problem—a quintessential linearly inseparable task—within an individual neuron. Inspired by human cortical neurons that perform XOR through dendritic calcium spikes, the d-OECN leverages ion-tunable antiambipolarity in mixed ionic-electronic conducting polymers to mimic voltage-gated dendritic calcium dynamics. By integrating this dendritic component with a tunable spiking circuit representing the soma, the d-OECN achieves XOR classification through its inherent nonlinear activation profile, with decision boundaries that are both ionically and electrically tunable. Moreover, we demonstrate the d-OECN’s ability to perform edge detection using XOR in a tactile sensing system, showcasing its potential for event-based sensing and processing. The d-OECNs, replicating key aspects of biological intelligence, pave the way for next-generation bioelectronics and robotics requiring complex neural computation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh and Dace Gao and Han-Yan Wu and Chi-Yuan Yang and Deyu Tu and Simone Fabiano}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3194}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv3194}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single organic electrochemical neuron capable of anticoincidence detection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Room-temperature high-purity single-photon emission from carbon-doped boron nitride thin films. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv2899. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has emerged as a promising platform for generating room temperature single photons exhibiting high brightness and spin-photon entanglement. However, improving emitter purity, stability, and scalability remains a challenge for quantum technologies. Here, we demonstrate highly pure and stable single-photon emitters (SPEs) in h-BN by directly growing carbon-doped, centimeter-scale h-BN thin films using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. These SPEs exhibit room temperature operation with polarized emission, achieving a g (2) (0) value of 0.015, which is among the lowest reported for room temperature SPEs and the lowest achieved for h-BN SPEs. It also exhibits high brightness (~0.5 million counts per second), remarkable stability during continuous operation (>15 min), and a Debye-Waller factor of 45%. First-principles calculations reveal unique carbon defects responsible for these properties, enabled by PLD’s low-temperature synthesis and in situ doping. Our results demonstrate an effective method for large-scale production of high-purity, stable SPEs in h-BN, enabling robust quantum optical sources for various quantum applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arka Chatterjee and Abhijit Biswas and Addis S. Fuhr and Tanguy Terlier and Bobby G. Sumpter and Pulickel M. Ajayan and Igor Aharonovich and Shengxi Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2899}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv2899}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Room-temperature high-purity single-photon emission from carbon-doped boron nitride thin films}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global cooling drove diversification and warming caused extinction among carboniferous-permian fusuline foraminifera. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv2549. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The fossil record provides the only direct evidence of changes in biodiversity over time. Patterns in more inclusive taxonomic levels (e.g., families and orders) often become more complex because of interactions between biological traits and environmental conditions across different evolutionary lineages. Using supercomputing and artificial intelligence algorithms, we analyzed a high-resolution global dataset of fusuline foraminifera—the most diverse marine fossil group from the Carboniferous to the Permian (~340 to 252 million years ago)—at an unprecedented temporal resolution of <45 thousand years. Our unbinned diversity reconstruction reveals unexpectedly simple diversity dynamics in this exceptionally well-preserved clade. We identify two (and likely a third) truncated exponential diversifications and four major diversity declines. During this interval, long-term cooling consistently promoted biodiversification, whereas warming events were closely linked to extinctions. These findings imply that the current rapid global warming, driven by anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, represents a critical threat to modern ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shu-han Zhang and Ying-ying Zhao and Yu-kun Shi and Qiang Fang and Xiang-dong Wang and Jun-xuan Fan and Yi-chun Zhang and Dong-xun Yuan and Yue Wang and Fei-fei Zhang and Huai-chun Wu and Douglas H. Erwin and Charles R. Marshall and Shu-zhong Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2549}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv2549}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global cooling drove diversification and warming caused extinction among carboniferous-permian fusuline foraminifera}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The RNA demethylase FTO promotes glutamine metabolism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma through the regulation of SLC1A5. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv2417. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glutamine reprogramming plays a crucial role in the growth and survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), although the mechanisms governing its regulation are still not fully understood. We demonstrate that the RNA demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) drives glutamine reprogramming to support ccRCC growth and survival. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of FTO in ccRCC cells impaired glutamine-derived reductive carboxylation, depleted pyrimidines, and increased reactive oxygen species. This led to increased DNA damage and reduced survival, which could be rescued by pyrimidine nucleobases or the antioxidant N -acetylcysteine. Mechanistically, FTO demethylates the glutamine transporter solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) messenger RNA to promote its expression. Restoration of SLC1A5 expression in FTO-knockdown cells rescued metabolic and survival defects. FTO inhibition reduced ccRCC tumor xenograft and PDX growth under the renal capsule. Our findings indicate that FTO is an epitranscriptomic regulator of ccRCC glutamine reprogramming and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting FTO for the treatment of ccRCC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Man Zhao and Dalin Zhang and Haowen Jiang and Nishanth Kuganesan and Suchitra Natarajan and Leighton Pu and Kaushik N. Thakkar and Hongjuan Zhao and Quynh Thu Le and Amato J. Giaccia and James D. Brooks and Donna M. Peehl and Jiangbin Ye and Erinn B. Rankin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2417}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv2417}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The RNA demethylase FTO promotes glutamine metabolism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma through the regulation of SLC1A5}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spermidine is a key polyamine required by intracellular parasites for survival within host erythrocytes. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv2397. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intracellular parasites, including Babesia and Plasmodium , the agents of human babesiosis and malaria, depend on the salvage or de novo synthesis of critical nutrients for survival within human erythrocytes. Among these, polyamines play a pivotal role, but their specific requirements and molecular functions in intraerythrocytic parasites remain poorly understood. We identify spermidine as a key polyamine for Babesia duncani and Plasmodium falciparum for intraerythrocytic development. We demonstrate that spermidine is indispensable for regulating protein translation through hypusination of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5A, and its depletion leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species. Disruption of spermidine biosynthesis or its conversion from spermine results in parasite death. We also show that B. duncani and other Babesia species use an ancestral spermidine synthase–like enzyme, highlighting a distinct evolutionary adaptation from P. falciparum . Our results reveal the spermidine’s dual role in oxidative stress defense and translation regulation, positioning spermidine biosynthesis as a critical vulnerability and a promising therapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pallavi Singh and Jae-Yeon Choi and Emmanuel Cornillot and Choukri Ben Mamoun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2397}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv2397}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spermidine is a key polyamine required by intracellular parasites for survival within host erythrocytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A magnetically actuated microcatheter with soft rotatable tip for enhanced endovascular access and treatment efficiency. SCIADV, 11(25), eadv1682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endovascular interventions require fast access to affected regions, followed by effective treatment. Catheterizations are effective approaches for treating vascular diseases; however, they face challenges in accessibility, efficiency, and invasiveness in narrow, tortuous vascular systems. This study presents a submillimeter magnetically actuated soft rotatable-tipped microcatheter (MSRM) designed to access small blood vessels and provide efficient, minimally invasive therapeutic interventions for blood clot treatment. The MSRM’s rotatable tip design enhances accessibility and navigation speed through a rotation-assisted active steering strategy. Improved blood clot treatment efficiency is achieved through the MSRM’s multifunctionality: It can accelerate drug-blood clot interactions, mechanically break down blood clots, and retrieve clot debris. The low invasiveness is attributed to the soft material design and conservative actuation strategy. The performance of the MSRM is validated in both in vitro phantom studies and in vivo rabbit models, and the invasiveness is evaluated using a human placenta model.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Moqiu Zhang and Lidong Yang and Haojin Yang and Lin Su and Junnan Xue and Qinglong Wang and Bo Hao and Yihang Jiang and Kai Fung Chan and Joseph Jao Yiu Sung and Ho Ko and Xurui Liu and Liu Wang and Bonaventure Yiu Ming Ip and Thomas Wai Hong Leung and Li Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadv1682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A magnetically actuated microcatheter with soft rotatable tip for enhanced endovascular access and treatment efficiency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemistry beyond the scale of exact diagonalization on a quantum-centric supercomputer. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu9991. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A universal quantum computer can simulate diverse quantum systems, with electronic structure for chemistry offering challenging problems for practical use cases around the hundred-qubit mark. Although current quantum processors have reached this size, deep circuits and a large number of measurements lead to prohibitive runtimes for quantum computers in isolation. Here, we demonstrate the use of classical distributed computing to offload all but an intrinsically quantum component of a workflow for electronic structure simulations. Using a Heron superconducting processor and the supercomputer Fugaku, we simulate the ground-state dissociation of N 2 and the ground state properties of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters, with circuits up to 77 qubits and 10,570 gates. The proposed algorithm processes quantum samples to produce upper bounds for the ground-state energy and sparse approximations to the ground-state wave functions. Our results suggest that, for current error rates, a quantum-centric supercomputing architecture can tackle challenging chemistry problems beyond sizes amenable to exact diagonalization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Javier Robledo-Moreno and Mario Motta and Holger Haas and Ali Javadi-Abhari and Petar Jurcevic and William Kirby and Simon Martiel and Kunal Sharma and Sandeep Sharma and Tomonori Shirakawa and Iskandar Sitdikov and Rong-Yang Sun and Kevin J. Sung and Maika Takita and Minh C. Tran and Seiji Yunoki and Antonio Mezzacapo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9991}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu9991}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemistry beyond the scale of exact diagonalization on a quantum-centric supercomputer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mobile human brain imaging using functional ultrasound. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu9133. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Imagine being able to study the human brain in real-world scenarios while the subject displays natural behaviors such as locomotion, social interaction, or spatial navigation. The advent of ultrafast ultrasound imaging brings us closer to this goal with functional ultrasound imaging (fUSi), a mobile neuroimaging technique. Here, we present real-time fUSi monitoring of brain activity during walking in a subject with a clinically approved sonolucent skull implant. Our approach uses personalized 3D-printed fUSi helmets for stability, optical tracking for cross-modal validation with functional magnetic resonance imaging, advanced signal processing to estimate hemodynamic responses, and facial tracking of a lick licking paradigm. These combined efforts allowed us to show consistent fUSi signals over 20 months, even during high motion activities such as walking. These results demonstrate the feasibility of fUSi for monitoring brain activity in real-world contexts, marking an important milestone for fUSi-based insights in clinical and neuroscientific research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sadaf Soloukey and Luuk Verhoef and Frits Mastik and Michael Brown and Geert Springeling and Bastian S. Generowicz and Djaina D. Satoer and Clemens M. F. Dirven and Marion Smits and Borbála Hunyadi and Sebastiaan K. E. Koekkoek and Arnaud J. P. E. Vincent and Chris I. De Zeeuw and Pieter Kruizinga}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9133}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu9133}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mobile human brain imaging using functional ultrasound}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intrinsic health as a foundation for a science of health. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu8437. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The health sciences largely focus on disease. However, the interconnected determinants of diseases suggest that we need a science of health, a framework to examine the biology of homeodynamics in a changing environment and how this affects the health we value. We build on first principles and recent discoveries on biological system dynamics to develop the concept of intrinsic health, a field-like state emerging from the dynamic interplay of energy, communication, and structure within the organism, giving rise to robustness/resilience, plasticity, performance, and sustainability. Intrinsic health is a quantifiable property of individuals that declines with age and interacts with context. We propose a measurement framework and describe how it will contribute to achieving the shared goals of medicine and public health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alan A. Cohen and Martin Picard and John R. Beard and Daniel W. Belsky and Julie Herbstman and Christine L. Kuryla and Molei Liu and Nour Makarem and Daniel Malinsky and Sen Pei and Ying Wei and Linda P. Fried}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8437}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu8437}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intrinsic health as a foundation for a science of health}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gating of hair cell ca2+ channels governs the activity of cochlear neurons. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu7898. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Our sense of hearing processes sound intensities spanning six orders of magnitude. In the ear, the receptor potential of presynaptic inner hair cells (IHCs) covers the entire intensity range, while postsynaptic spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) tile the range with their firing rate codes. IHCs vary the voltage dependence of Ca 2+ channel activation among their active zones (AZs), potentially diversifying SGN firing. Here, we tested this hypothesis in mice modeling the human Ca V 1.3 A749G mutation that causes low-voltage Ca 2+ channel activation. We demonstrate activation of Ca 2+ influx and glutamate release of IHC AZs at lower voltages, increased spontaneous firing in SGNs, and lower sound threshold of Ca V 1.3 A749G/A749G mice. Loss of synaptic ribbons in IHCs at ambient sound levels of mouse husbandry indicates that low-voltage Ca 2+ channel activation poses a risk for noise-induced synaptic damage. We propose that the heterogeneous voltage dependence of Ca V 1.3 activation among presynaptic IHC AZs contributes to the diversity of firing among the postsynaptic SGNs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nare Karagulyan and Anupriya Thirumalai and Susann Michanski and Yumeng Qi and Qinghua Fang and Haoyu Wang and Nadine J. Ortner and Jörg Striessnig and Nicola Strenzke and Carolin Wichmann and Yunfeng Hua and Tobias Moser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7898}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu7898}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gating of hair cell ca2+ channels governs the activity of cochlear neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How media competition fuels the spread of misinformation. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu7743. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Competition among news sources over public opinion can incentivize them to resort to misinformation. Sharing misinformation may lead to a short-term gain in audience engagement but ultimately damages the credibility of the source, resulting in a loss of audience. To understand the rationale behind news sources sharing misinformation, we model the competition between sources as a zero-sum sequential game, where news sources decide whether to share factual information or misinformation. Each source influences individuals based on their credibility, the veracity of the article, and the individual’s characteristics. We analyze this game through the concept of quantal response equilibrium, which accounts for the bounded rationality of human decision-making. The analysis shows that the resulting equilibria reproduce the credibility-opinion distribution of real-world news sources, with hyperpartisan sources spreading the majority of misinformation. Our findings provide insights for policymakers to mitigate the spread of misinformation and promote a more factual information landscape.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arash Amini and Yigit Ege Bayiz and Eun-Ju Lee and Zeynep Somer-Topcu and Radu Marculescu and Ufuk Topcu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7743}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu7743}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How media competition fuels the spread of misinformation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioinspired supramolecular fibrillization enables stretchable and biodegradable piezoelectric bioelectronics. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu6759. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bioinspired piezoelectricity is extensively explored for diverse bio-machine interface and biomedical engineering applications. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art bio-piezoelectricity mainly focuses on crystallization. Yet, crystalized structures exhibit several shortcomings, including limited biocompatibility or biodegradability along with intrinsic non-stretchability. Herein, peptides fibrillization is reported to present inherent bio-piezoelectricity. Upon forming double-network framework with silk fibroin, fibrous peptide piezogels of innate biocompatibility and biodegradability are achieved, showing a programmable piezoelectricity. In particular, the bioinspired supramolecular piezogel can linearly respond to external compression and stretching in large force regions, extensively expanding the application potential bio-piezoelectricity. Upon designing a “W”-shaped structural conformation, a peptide fibrous piezogel–based piezoelectric sensor is shown to be used for detection of limb movements and subcutaneous implantation of the bioinspired piezoelectric electronics, realizing in situ and real-time monitoring of stimuli responses. The findings suggest the promising potential of peptide fibrillization–based bio-piezoelectricity for diverse bio-machine interface and biomedical engineering applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haoran Wu and Hao Lyu and Hongbo Jiang and Yancheng Wang and Rusen Yang and Syed A. M. Tofail and Hai Xu and Chengchen Guo and Deqing Mei and Ehud Gazit and Kai Tao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6759}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu6759}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioinspired supramolecular fibrillization enables stretchable and biodegradable piezoelectric bioelectronics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). General principle of ferroelectric topological domain formation. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu6223. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We propose a general principle for the formation of topological structures in ferroelectrics, demonstrating that the fundamental formation mechanism of ferroelectric vortex is the superposition of two orthogonal dipole waves, which has also been validated by the mathematical deduction, phase-field simulations, and angle-resolved piezoelectric force microscopy. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this principle can also be extended to a range of nontrivial topological structures, including Ising, Néel, and Bloch domain walls, merons, skyrmions, Hopf rings, Solomon rings, and others. These findings not only improve our understanding of the fundamental formation mechanism of existing topological structures but also enable the prediction of topological structures, such as Star of David rings, in ferroelectric/ferromagnetic materials, liquid crystals, and Bose-Einstein condensate states (superconductors and superfluids).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Wang and Rongzhen Gao and Shiyu Tang and Shouzhe Dong and Minchuan Liang and Jia Yang and Huayu Yang and Zhenyue Nie and Deshan Liang and Qimeng Wang and Dingxin Wang and Wael Ben Taazayet and Shujun Zhang and Houbing Huang and Ce-Wen Nan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6223}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu6223}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {General principle of ferroelectric topological domain formation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Differential pathological dynamics triggered by distinct parkinson patient–derived α-synuclein extracts in nonhuman primates. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu6050. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The presence of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, such as Lewy bodies in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), contributes to dopaminergic cell death. Injection of PD patient–derived α-syn in nonhuman primates has illustrated the exquisite vulnerability of primate dopaminergic neurons. Here, we aimed to elucidate the temporal and spatial pathological changes induced by two distinct α-syn pathogenic structures, having large or small sizes. To unravel the underlying molecular pathways, we conducted a proteomic analysis of the putamen and the entorhinal cortex, two brain regions carrying notable α-syn pathology. We demonstrate that distinct assemblies of α-syn aggregates drive unique pathogenic changes that ultimately result in a comparable extent of nigrostriatal degeneration at the level of nigral dopaminergic neuron cell bodies and striatal dopaminergic terminals. More broadly, our findings identify pathogenic trajectories associated with large or small α-syn aggregates, suggesting the existence of several possible concomitant pathogenic routes in PD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {R. Kinet and M. Bourdenx and S. Dovero and M. Darricau and M.-L. Arotcarena and S. Camus and G. Porras and M.-L. Thiolat and I. Trigo-Damas and S. Bohic and M. Morari and E. Doudnikoff and M. Goikoetxea and S. Claverol and C. Tokarski and N. Kruse and B. Mollenhauer and C. Estrada and N. Garcia-Carrillo and M. T. Herrero and M. Vila and J. A. Obeso and E. Bezard and B. Dehay}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6050}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu6050}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Differential pathological dynamics triggered by distinct parkinson patient–derived α-synuclein extracts in nonhuman primates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structures of vertebrate r2 retrotransposon complexes during target-primed reverse transcription and after second-strand nicking. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu5533. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {R2 retrotransposons are site-specific eukaryotic non–long terminal repeat retrotransposons that copy and paste into gene loci encoding ribosomal RNAs. Recently, we demonstrated that avian A-clade R2 proteins achieve efficient and precise insertion of transgenes into their native safe-harbor loci in human cells. The features of A-clade R2 proteins that support gene insertion are not well characterized. Here, we report high-resolution cryo–electron microscopy structures of two vertebrate A-clade R2 proteins at the initiation of target-primed reverse transcription and after cDNA synthesis and second-strand nicking. Using biochemical and cellular assays, we illuminate the basis for high selectivity of template use and unique roles for each of the three zinc-finger domains in nucleic acid recognition. Reverse transcriptase active site architecture is reinforced by an unanticipated insertion motif specific to vertebrate A-clade R2 proteins. Our work provides the first insights into A-clade R2 protein structure during gene insertion and may enable future improvement and adaptation of R2-based systems for precise transgene insertion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Akanksha Thawani and Anthony Rodríguez-Vargas and Briana Van Treeck and Nozhat T. Hassan and David L. Adelson and Eva Nogales and Kathleen Collins}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5533}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu5533}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structures of vertebrate r2 retrotransposon complexes during target-primed reverse transcription and after second-strand nicking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plexin/Semaphorin antagonism orchestrates collective cell migration and organ sculpting by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal balance. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu3741. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell behavior emerges from the intracellular distribution of properties such as protrusion, contractility, and adhesion. Thus, characteristic emergent rules of collective migration can arise from cell-cell contacts locally tweaking architecture, orchestrating self-regulation during development, wound healing, and cancer progression. The Drosophila testis-nascent-myotube system allows dissection of contact-dependent migration in vivo at high resolution. Here, we describe a role for the axon guidance factor Plexin A in collective cell migration: maintaining cell-cell interfaces at a precise point on the mesenchymal-to-epithelial continuum. This is crucial for testis myotubes to migrate as a continuous sheet, allowing normal sculpting-morphogenesis. Cells must maintain filopodial N-cadherin–based junctions and remain ECM-tethered near cell-cell contacts to spread while collectively moving. Our data further suggest Semaphorin 1b is a Plexin A antagonist, fine-tuning activation. This reveals a contact-dependent mechanism to maintain sheet integrity during migration, driving organ morphogenesis. This is relevant for mesenchymal organ sculpting in other migratory contexts such as angiogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maik C. Bischoff and Jenevieve E. Norton and Sarah E. Clark and Mark Peifer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3741}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu3741}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plexin/Semaphorin antagonism orchestrates collective cell migration and organ sculpting by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal balance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On-chip amorphous terahertz topological photonic interconnects. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu2526. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Valley Hall photonic crystals (VPCs) offer the potential for creating topological waveguides capable of guiding light through sharp bends on a chip, enabling seamless integration with functional components in compact spaces, making them a promising technology for terahertz topological photonic integrated circuits. However, a key limitation for terahertz-scale integrated VPC-based devices has been the absence of arbitrary bend interconnects, as traditional VPC-designs restricted to principal lattice axes (i.e., only 0°, 60°, or 120°) due to crystalline symmetry. Here, we present an on-chip, all-silicon implementation of deformed VPCs that enable robust transmission along arbitrary shapes and bends. Although the lattice is amorphous and lacks long-range periodicity, the topological protection is sustained by short-range order. Furthermore, we show an amorphous lattice functioning as a frequency-dependent router, splitting input signals into two perpendicular output ports. We also demonstrate on-chip terahertz communication, achieving data rates of up to 72 Gbps. Our findings show that amorphous topological photonic crystals enhance interconnect adaptability while preserving performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rimi Banerjee and Abhishek Kumar and Thomas Caiwei Tan and Manoj Gupta and Ridong Jia and Pascal Szriftgiser and Guillaume Ducournau and Yidong Chong and Ranjan Singh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2526}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu2526}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On-chip amorphous terahertz topological photonic interconnects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hypophagia and body weight loss by tirzepatide are accompanied by fewer GI adverse events compared to semaglutide in preclinical models. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu1589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)/glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) agonistic analogs have yielded superior results in enhancing glycemic control and weight management compared to GLP-1R agonism alone. Intriguingly, GIPR agonism appears to induce antiemetic effects, potentially alleviating part of the nausea and vomiting side effects common to GLP-1R agonists like semaglutide. Here, we show in rats and shrews that GIPR agonism blocks emesis and attenuates other malaise behaviors elicited by GLP-1R activation while maintaining reduced food intake and body weight loss and improved glucose tolerance. The GLP-1R/GIPR agonist tirzepatide induced significantly fewer side effects than equipotent doses of semaglutide. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of combined pharmaceutical strategies activating both incretin systems, leading to enhanced therapeutic index and reduced occurrence of nausea and vomiting for obesity and diabetes treatments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tito Borner and Allison M. Pataro and Sarah A. Doebley and Charles D. Furst and Alex D. White and Serena X. Gao and Angela Chow and Marcos J. Sanchez-Navarro and Misgana Y. Ghidewon and Julia G. Halas and Allaha Z. Mohiby and Francis S. Willard and Harvey J. Grill and Minrong Ai and Ricardo J. Samms and Matthew R. Hayes and Bart C. De Jonghe}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu1589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hypophagia and body weight loss by tirzepatide are accompanied by fewer GI adverse events compared to semaglutide in preclinical models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TGFβ-dependent signaling drives tumor growth and aberrant extracellular matrix dynamics in NF1-associated plexiform neurofibroma. SCIADV, 11(25), eadu0772. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors of the peripheral nervous system that represent a major source of morbidity in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). A substantial proportion of patients do not respond to current therapies or experience intolerable side effects. Transcriptomic characterization of murine and human PNF at bulk and single-cell resolution identified transforming growth factor–β (TGFβ) signaling as a key upstream regulator, driving aberrant basement membrane (BM) protein production by neoplastic Schwann cells and Fbs. Conditional TGFβ1 overexpression in Nf1 -deficient Schwann cells driven by Hoxb7- Cre promoted PNF growth and malignant transformation in vivo. Conversely, pharmacologic inhibition of the type I TGFβ receptor (TGFβRI) reduced PNF tumor burden in Nf1 mutant mice. Proteomic characterization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) showed reduced BM proteins upon TGFβRI inhibition. These findings implicate TGFβ as a potential therapeutic target in PNF and provide insights into the role of TGFβ signaling in orchestrating ECM dynamics in the PNF microenvironment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mohannad Abu-Sultanah and Zhuan Zhou and Chunhui Jiang and Dana K. Mitchell and Waylan K. Bessler and Li Jiang and Xiaohong Li and Shaomin Qian and Abbi E. Smith and Henry E. Mang and Emily E. White and Marisa D. Ciesielski and Brooke E. Hickey and Kylee M. Brewster and George E. Sandusky and Andi Masters and Steven P. Angus and D. Wade Clapp and Lu Q. Le and Steven D. Rhodes}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0772}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadu0772}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TGFβ-dependent signaling drives tumor growth and aberrant extracellular matrix dynamics in NF1-associated plexiform neurofibroma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Conformational dynamics and multimodal interaction of paxillin with the focal adhesion targeting domain. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt9936. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Paxillin (PXN) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are two major components of the focal adhesion complex, a multiprotein structure linking the intracellular cytoskeleton to the cell exterior. The interaction between the disordered amino-terminal domain of PXN and the carboxyl-terminal targeting domain of FAK (FAT) is necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions. Furthermore, PXN serves as a platform for recruiting other proteins that together control the dynamic changes needed for cell migration and survival. Here, we show that the PXN N-domain undergoes significant compaction upon FAT binding, forming a 48-kilodalton multimodal complex with four major interconverting states. Although the complex is flexible, each state has unique sets of contacts involving disordered regions that are both highly represented in ensembles and conserved. PXN being a hub protein, the results provide a structural basis for understanding how shifts in the multistate equilibrium (e.g., through ligand binding and phosphorylation) may rewire cellular networks leading to phenotypic changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Supriyo Bhattacharya and Yanan He and Yihong Chen and Atish Mohanty and Alexander Grishaev and Prakash Kulkarni and Ravi Salgia and John Orban}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9936}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt9936}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Conformational dynamics and multimodal interaction of paxillin with the focal adhesion targeting domain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ZC3H4 safeguards genome integrity by preventing transcription-replication conflicts at noncoding RNA loci. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt8346. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The cellular networks that maintain genome stability encompass numerous pathways involved in all aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. Through bioinformatic analysis, we identified the Zinc Finger CCCH-Type Containing 4 protein (ZC3H4), a suppressor of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) production, as a pivotal player in this system. Experimentally, ZC3H4 deficiency led to increased DNA damage, abnormal mitosis, and cellular senescence. Biochemical analysis and super-resolution microscopy revealed that the loss of ZC3H4 increased replication stress (RS)—a major driver of genome instability—by inducing a hypertranscription state that promoted R loop formation and transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs), both of which drive RS. Further bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that ZC3H4 preferentially binds to genomic regions prone to TRCs and R loops, where it suppresses ncRNA bursts, functioning as part of the Restrictor complex. Our findings identify ZC3H4 as a crucial factor in maintaining genome integrity, strategically positioned at the critical intersection of DNA and RNA synthesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yann Frey and Liana Goehring and Majd Haj and Gergely Rona and Carel Fijen and Michele Pagano and Tony T. Huang and Eli Rothenberg and Yael Ziv and Yosef Shiloh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8346}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt8346}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ZC3H4 safeguards genome integrity by preventing transcription-replication conflicts at noncoding RNA loci}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A colletotrichum-unique effector with the Cx11NC motif enhances plant NDPK2 kinase activity to suppress plant immunity. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt7970. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Colletotrichum fungi cause destructive diseases among a wide range of hosts worldwide. We found that effector CfEC92 from C. fructicola specifically binds ATP through an unidentified ATP-binding domain, leading to changes in the protein secondary structure. The residues Cys 26 , Asn 38 , and Cys 39 were critical for ATP binding with CfEC92, and mutations at these sites impaired the ability to suppress host immunity. CfEC92 interacted with MdNDPK2, a negative immune regulator in apple. The CfEC92-ATP complex altered the conformation of MdNDPK2, enhancing its affinity for ATP, and further increasing its autophosphorylation and kinase activity. The activated MdNDPK2 phosphorylated MdMPK3 to suppress host immunity. Homology and functional tests showed that the Cx 11 NC motif was highly conserved among Colletotrichum species, suggesting that CNC effectors represent a class of broad-spectrum virulence factors. Our findings revealed a mechanism by which Colletotrichum effectors cooperate with helper ATP to promote target protein phosphorylation and suppress host immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guangli Liu and Youwei Du and Minghui Chen and Yiming Lu and Lu Liu and Wenrui Yang and Shuanghong Wang and Xiaofei Liang and Mingqi Zhu and Mark L. Gleason and Tom Hsiang and Rong Zhang and Guangyu Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7970}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt7970}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A colletotrichum-unique effector with the Cx11NC motif enhances plant NDPK2 kinase activity to suppress plant immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). IL-17 links the tumor suppressor LKB1 to gastrointestinal inflammation and polyposis. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt5933. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mutations in the tumor suppressor liver kinase B1 (LKB1) promote the development of gastrointestinal (GI) polyps of unknown etiology. Here, we identify IL-17 as a novel driver of LKB1-dependent polyp growth. GI tumors from mice bearing heterozygous mutations in Stk11 (which encodes LKB1) display signatures of pathogenic IL-17–producing CD4 + T helper 17 (T H 17) cells. LKB1 constrains T cell inflammatory potential, as Stk11 /LKB1 haploinsufficiency promotes T cell differentiation toward pathogenic IL-17–producing T cell lineages (CD4 + T H 17 and CD8 + T c 17) in vitro and following intestinal infection. Mechanistically, aberrant CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2)–dependent signaling drives pathogenic T H 17 cell programs downstream of LKB1 haploinsufficiency. Targeting this circuit via CRTC2 deletion or IL-17 blockade antagonizes GI polyp growth in mouse models of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. These findings establish LKB1 as a gatekeeper of inflammatory type 3 (IL-17–dependent) T cell responses and identify a CRTC2–IL-17 signaling axis that can be targeted therapeutically to block the growth of LKB1 mutant GI tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shelby E. Compton and Lisa M. DeCamp and Brandon M. Oswald and Susan M. Kitchen-Goosen and Kin H. Lau and Robert Fillinger and Michael S. Dahabieh and Alexandra Vander Ark and Connie M. Krawczyk and Russell G. Jones}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5933}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt5933}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {IL-17 links the tumor suppressor LKB1 to gastrointestinal inflammation and polyposis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thermodynamic phase transitions of nematic order in magnetic helices. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt5680. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A nematic phase lacks translation order but has orientational order. Nematic phases have been discovered in a variety of systems, including liquid crystals, correlated materials, and superconductors. Here, we report on a magnetic nematic phase, where the basis components are composed of magnetic helices. We directly probed the order parameters associated with the magnetic helices using resonant soft x-ray scattering and find two distinct nematic phases with complex spatiotemporal signatures. Using x-ray correlation spectroscopy, we find that near the phase boundary between the two nematic phases, fluctuations coexist on multiple disparate timescales. Our micromagnetic simulations and density functional theory calculations show that the fluctuations occur concomitantly with a reorientation of the magnetic helices, indicating spontaneous symmetry breaking and the emergence of additional degrees of freedom. Our results provide a framework for characterizing exotic phases that can be extended to a broad class of physical systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zoey Tumbleson and Sophie A. Morley and Emily Hollingworth and Arnab Singh and Temuujin Bayaraa and Nicolas G. Burdet and Ahmad Us Saleheen and Margaret R. McCarter and David Raftrey and Ronald J. Pandolfi and Vincent Esposito and Georgi L. Dakovski and Franz-Josef Decker and Alexander H. Reid and Tadesse A. Assefa and Peter Fischer and Sinéad M. Griffin and Stephen D. Kevan and Frances Hellman and Joshua J. Turner and Sujoy Roy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5680}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt5680}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thermodynamic phase transitions of nematic order in magnetic helices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Artificial selection for adult predation survival affects life history and morphology in guppies (Poecilia reticulata). SCIADV, 11(25), eadt4063. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Predation is a major evolutionary driver of life history and morphology. However, whether these traits evolve directly via predation or indirect effects is largely unresolved. We used artificial selection to experimentally test the impact of adult predation on the evolution of life history and morphology in guppies ( Poecilia reticulata ). We found that, compared to control fish, predation-selected fish produced larger offspring and larger broods early in life. However, other life history parameters, such as interbrood interval and total number of offspring, showed no response. We also found that predation selected for smaller and lighter females and for shorter tails and gonopodia in males, with no effect on body coloration. Our results show that while several traits evolve fast under selection on adult predation, several “classic” predation-dependent traits seem unaffected by predation selection. By comparing our experimental results to those from natural populations, we can disentangle the contribution of direct and indirect effects on trait evolution under predation pressure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hannah De Waele and Regina Vega-Trejo and Catarina Vila-Pouca and Jori Noordenbos and Elizabeth Phillips and Bart J. A. Pollux and Alexander Kotrschal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4063}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt4063}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Artificial selection for adult predation survival affects life history and morphology in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced gating efficiency in vertical mixed molecular transistors with deep orbital level. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt3603. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The advancement of molecular junction transistors relies heavily on precise modulation of molecular orbitals, yet this is hindered by a limited transmission window and reduced bias stability, which typically restricts the range of active channel molecules adopted to those with orbital levels near Fermi level of the contacts. In this study, we demonstrate an effective orbital gating of prototypical alkanethiol–based molecules with deeper orbital levels in vertical large-area mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) configuration that offers enhanced electrical bias stability and gating efficiency. By using ion gel gating in Au-molecule-graphene junction, the channel conductance could be modulated notably according to a clear transition from direct tunneling to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling regime. The mixed SAM molecular transistors also showed a superior gating efficiency due to the suppressed field screening effect by the net molecular dipole. This work is expected to contribute toward developing reliable three-terminal molecular device platform extended to molecules with deep orbital levels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Donguk Kim and Hyemin Lee and Minwoo Song and Jongwoo Nam and Changjun Lee and Jaeyong Woo and Juntae Jang and Minsu Jeong and Hyeonwoo Yeo and Ryong-Gyu Lee and Eunje Park and Hyeonmin Choi and Yong-Hoon Kim and Keehoon Kang and Takhee Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3603}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt3603}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced gating efficiency in vertical mixed molecular transistors with deep orbital level}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tuning collagen nonlinear mechanics with interpenetrating networks drives adaptive cellular phenotypes in three dimensions. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt3352. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In living tissues, collagen networks rarely exist alone because they are embedded within other biological matrices. When combined, collagen networks rigidify via synergistic mechanical interactions and stiffen only with higher mechanical loads. However, how cells respond to the nonlinear elasticity of collagen in hybrid networks remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that when collagen rigidifies by the interpenetration of a second polymer, the amount of force that initially stiffens the network (onset of stiffening, σ c ) increases and is sufficient to stimulate an increase in intracellular tension. We investigated this effect by precisely controlling the nonlinear elasticity of collagen with the synthetic semiflexible polymer, polyisocyanopeptides. We find that small increases in σ c induce a biphasic response in cell-matrix interactions, influencing how cells migrate, proliferate, and generate contractile force. Our results suggest that cells adaptively respond to changes in the nonlinear mechanics of collagen, which may be a mechanistic behavior used during tissue homeostasis or when collagen rigidifies during pathological conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marco A. Enriquez Martinez and Zhao Wang and Yanina D. Alvarez and Jade E. O’Neill and Robert J. Ju and Petri Turunen and Melanie D. White and Jitendra Mata and Elliot P. Gilbert and Jan Lauko and Alan E. Rowan and Samantha J. Stehbens}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3352}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt3352}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tuning collagen nonlinear mechanics with interpenetrating networks drives adaptive cellular phenotypes in three dimensions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FAM50A drives breast cancer brain metastasis through interaction with C9ORF78 to enhance ʟ-asparagine production. SCIADV, 11(25), eadt3075. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elevated levels of asparagine, catalyzed by asparagine synthetase (ASNS), have been identified as a prerequisite for lung metastasis in breast cancer. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of ASNS in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) are not well understood. Our study revealed that the family with sequence similarity 50 member A (FAM50A) gene substantially modulates the brain metastatic potential of breast cancer by up-regulating ASNS and promoting asparagine biosynthesis. We demonstrated that FAM50A forms a complex with chromosome 9 open reading frame 78 (C9ORF78), specifically at the S121 residue, to enhance ASNS transcription. This interaction accelerates the rate of ASNS-mediated asparagine synthesis, which is essential in facilitating metastatic cascades to the brain. From a therapeutic perspective, both the genetic suppression of FAM50A and pharmacological inhibition of asparagine synthesis effectively counteract BCBM. Our results highlight the importance of the FAM50A-ASNS signaling pathway in BCBM therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weilong Chen and Yuanyuan Qin and Libo Qiao and Xue Liu and Chenyun Gao and Tian-Ran Li and Yanrui Luo and Dongxue Li and Hong Yan and Linhong Han and Long Hai and Fang Nie and Hai-Bo Wu and Cong Chen and Yi-Fang Ping and Xiu-Wu Bian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3075}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadt3075}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FAM50A drives breast cancer brain metastasis through interaction with C9ORF78 to enhance ʟ-asparagine production}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Senataxin and DNA-PKcs redundantly promote non-homologous end joining repair of DNA double strand breaks during V(D)J recombination. SCIADV, 11(25), eads5272. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is required for repairing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) generated by the RAG endonuclease during lymphocyte antigen receptor gene assembly by V(D)J recombination. The ataxia telangiectasia–mutated (ATM) and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) kinases regulate functionally redundant pathways required for NHEJ. Here, we report that loss of the senataxin helicase leads to a strong defect in RAG DSB repair upon inactivation of DNA-PKcs. The NHEJ function of senataxin is redundant with the RECQL5 helicase and the HLTF translocase and is epistatic with ATM. Co-inactivation of ATM, RECQL5, and HLTF results in an NHEJ defect similar to that from the combined deficiency of DNA-PKcs and senataxin or losing senataxin, RECQL5, and HLTF. These data suggest that ATM and DNA-PKcs regulate the functions of senataxin and RECQL5/HLTF, respectively, to provide redundant support for NHEJ.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo-Ruei Chen and Thu Pham and Lance D. Reynolds and Nghi Dang and Yanfeng Zhang and Kimberly Manalang and Gabriel Matos-Rodrigues and Jason Romero Neidigk and Andre Nussenzweig and Jessica K. Tyler and Barry P. Sleckman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5272}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eads5272}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Senataxin and DNA-PKcs redundantly promote non-homologous end joining repair of DNA double strand breaks during V(D)J recombination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cuticle protein mediates the evolution of stress resistance by generating a decoy circular RNA in spider mite. SCIADV, 11(25), eads3361. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Phytophagous mites, including Tetranychus cinnabarinus , are arthropods known for their wide infestation of host plants and pesticide resistance. We found that fenpropathrin-resistant female mites (YN-FeR, with target resistance: F1538I kdr mutation) exhibited significantly enhanced adaptability to various stress conditions, including exposure to different acaricides and high-temperature (34°C) and low-humidity environments (40% relative humidity). This evolution was attributed to cuticle thickening in resistant female mites. Cuticle protein CPR25 was identified as a critical gene mediating cuticle thickening. CPR25 regulated its own overexpression by producing a circular RNA, named circCPR25 , which acted as a decoy to selectively sequester and bind to the miR-34~317 cluster. This study revealed a distinctive mechanism underlying the evolution of stress resistance in spider mites. Specifically, a cuticle protein in spider mites regulates its own overexpression by producing a decoy circRNA, thereby promoting cuticle thickening and facilitating rapid adaptation to adverse conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaiyang Feng and Mingyu Zhao and Zhixin Jiang and Sihan Chen and Ya Yang and Qingying Chen and Xiang Wen and Lin Xu and Yuhan Yang and Zhifeng Xu and Jinzhi Niu and Wei Dou and Lin He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3361}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eads3361}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cuticle protein mediates the evolution of stress resistance by generating a decoy circular RNA in spider mite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fundamentally unchanged northwestern african rainfall regimes across the plio-pleistocene transition. SCIADV, 11(25), eads3149. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Northern African climate is characterized by strongly contrasting wet summers and dry winters. Dust exported by the northeasterly trade (Harmattan) winds creates marine sedimentary records that have been long interpreted to show that northern African climate became drier and more variable across the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary [2.58 million years ago (Ma)], when global climate cooled and high-latitude glacial-interglacial cycles intensified. However, questions about the impact of summer rainfall on winter dust fluxes and thus the history of the African summer monsoons remain. We present a leaf wax hydrogen isotope record from offshore northwestern Africa that demonstrates that rainfall regimes remained stable and varied solely in response to 21,000-year cycles in summer insolation from 3.5 to 2.5 Ma. We infer that the summer rains and winter winds respond to different climate forcings, with summer rainfall driven by solar radiation over the northern African landmass and the winter trades affected by high-latitude climate and meridional temperature gradients.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bryce A. Mitsunaga and Amy M. Jewell and Solana Buchanan and Anya J. Crocker and Paul A. Wilson and Timothy D. Herbert and James M. Russell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3149}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eads3149}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fundamentally unchanged northwestern african rainfall regimes across the plio-pleistocene transition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Early insight into social network structure predicts climbing the social ladder. SCIADV, 11(25), eads2133. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While occupying an influential position within one’s social network brings many advantages, it is unknown how certain individuals rise in social prominence. Leveraging a longitudinal dataset that tracks an entirely new network of college freshmen ( N = 187), we test whether “climbing the social ladder” depends on knowing how other people are connected to each other. Those who ultimately come to occupy the most influential positions exhibit early and accurate representations of their network’s general, abstract structure (i.e., who belongs to which communities and cliques). In contrast, detailed, granular representations of specific friendships do not translate into gains in social influence over time. Only once the network stabilizes do the most influential individuals exhibit the most accurate representations of specific friendships. These findings reveal that those who climb the social ladder first detect their emerging network’s general structure and then fine-tune their knowledge about individual relationships between their peers as network dynamics settle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Isabella C. Aslarus and Jae-Young Son and Alice Xia and Oriel FeldmanHall}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2133}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eads2133}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Early insight into social network structure predicts climbing the social ladder}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A stress-sensing circuit signals to the central pacemaker to reprogram circadian rhythms. SCIADV, 11(25), eadr7960. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The circadian system provides a temporal framework for animals to anticipate environmental events, including threats. However, the effects of stressors on the circadian system remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that, in mice, stressors shift the phase of the central pacemaker, housed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), through glutamatergic inputs from the anterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (aPVT). Unlike light, which can phase delay or advance the central pacemaker, stressors consistently induce delays, effects attenuated by inhibiting aPVT neurons. Stressors robustly activate AVP-expressing neurons within the SCN and are associated with inhibition of VIP-expressing neurons, whereas light strongly activates VIP-expressing neurons with minimal effects on AVP-expressing neurons. Pairing stressors with light reveals distinct time-dependent interactions, enhancing phase delays at early night but abolishing phase advances at late night. Our findings uncover distinct SCN microcircuits that differentially encode light and stressors, providing insights into how environmental cues modulate circadian timing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maria E. Yurgel and Claire Gao and John J. O’Malley and Qijun Tang and Noam Yanay and Alison R. Bashford and Jesse J. Zhan and Andrew Lutas and Michael J. Krashes and Haiqing Zhao and Mario A. Penzo and Samer Hattar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7960}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadr7960}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A stress-sensing circuit signals to the central pacemaker to reprogram circadian rhythms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Potential of CO2 sequestration through accelerated weathering of limestone on ships. SCIADV, 11(25), eadr7250. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Calcium carbonate dissolution is the dominant negative feedback in the ocean for neutralizing the acidity from rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Mimicking this natural process, the accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can store carbon as bicarbonate in the ocean for tens of thousands of years. Here, we evaluate the potential of AWL on ships as a carbon sequestration approach. We show a successful prediction of laboratory measurements using a model that includes the most recent calcite dissolution kinetics in seawater. When simulated along a Pacific shipping lane in the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean–Darwin ocean–general circulation model, surface alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon increase by <1.4% after 10 years of continuous operation, leaving a small pH and partial pressure of carbon dioxide impact to the ocean while reducing 50% carbon dioxide emission in maritime transportation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sijia Dong and William M. Berelson and Pierre Forin and Melissa Gutierrez and Dustin Carroll and Dimitris Menemenlis and Albert Y. Kyi and Jess F. Adkins}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7250}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadr7250}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Potential of CO2 sequestration through accelerated weathering of limestone on ships}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolically driven flows enable exponential growth in macroscopic multicellular yeast. SCIADV, 11(25), eadr6399. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The ecological and evolutionary success of multicellular lineages stems substantially from their increased size relative to unicellular ancestors. However, large size poses biophysical challenges, especially regarding nutrient transport: These constraints are typically overcome through multicellular innovations. Here, we show that an emergent biophysical mechanism—spontaneous fluid flows arising from metabolically generated density gradients—can alleviate constraints on nutrient transport, enabling exponential growth in nascent multicellular clusters of yeast lacking any multicellular adaptations for nutrient transport or fluid flow. Beyond a threshold size, the metabolic activity of experimentally evolved snowflake yeast clusters drives large-scale fluid flows that transport nutrients throughout the cluster at speeds comparable to those generated by ciliary actuation in extant multicellular organisms. These flows support exponential growth at macroscopic sizes that theory predicts should be diffusion limited. This demonstrates how simple physical mechanisms can act as a “biophysical scaffold” to support the evolution of multicellularity by opening up phenotypic possibilities before genetically encoded innovations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nishant Narayanasamy and Emma Bingham and Tanner Fadero and G. Ozan Bozdag and William C. Ratcliff and Peter Yunker and Shashi Thutupalli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6399}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadr6399}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolically driven flows enable exponential growth in macroscopic multicellular yeast}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Opposite regulation of medullary pain–related projection neuron excitability in acute and chronic pain. SCIADV, 11(25), eadr3467. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pain hypersensitivity is associated with increased activity of peripheral and central neurons along the pain neuroaxis. We show that at the peak of acute inflammatory pain, superficial medullary dorsal horn projection neurons (PNs) that relay nociceptive information to the parabrachial nucleus reduce their intrinsic excitability and, consequently, action potential firing. When pain resolves, the excitability of these neurons returns to baseline. Using electrophysiological and computational approaches, we found that an increase in potassium A-current ( I A ) underlies the decrease in the excitability of medullary dorsal horn PNs in acute pain conditions. In chronic pain conditions, no changes of I A were observed, and medullary dorsal horn PNs exhibit increased intrinsic excitability and firing. Our results reveal a differential modulation of the excitability of medullary dorsal horn projection neurons in acute and chronic pain conditions, suggesting a regulatory mechanism that, in acute pain conditions, tunes the output of the dorsal horn and, if lacking, could facilitate pain chronification.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ben Title and Enrique Velasco and Nurit Engelmayer and Prudhvi Raj Rayi and Roy Yanai and Shmuel Hart and Ben Katz and Shaya Lev and Yosef Yarom and Alexander M. Binshtok}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3467}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadr3467}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Opposite regulation of medullary pain–related projection neuron excitability in acute and chronic pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification of key steps in the evolution of anaerobic methanotrophy in candidatus methanovorans (ANME-3) archaea. SCIADV, 11(25), eadq5232. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite their large environmental impact and multiple independent emergences, the processes leading to the evolution of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) remain unclear. This work uses comparative metagenomics of a recently evolved but understudied ANME group, “ Candidatus Methanovorans” (ANME-3), to identify evolutionary processes and innovations at work in ANME, which may be obscured in earlier evolved lineages. We identified horizontal transfer of hdrA homologs and convergent evolution in carbon and energy metabolic genes as potential early steps in Methanovorans evolution. We also identified the erosion of genes required for methylotrophic methanogenesis along with horizontal acquisition of multiheme cytochromes and other loci uniquely associated with ANME. The assembly and comparative analysis of multiple Methanovorans genomes offers important functional context for understanding the niche-defining metabolic differences between methane-oxidizing ANME and their methanogen relatives. Furthermore, this work illustrates the multiple evolutionary modes at play in the transition to a globally important metabolic niche.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philip H. Woods and Daan R. Speth and Rafael Laso-Pérez and Daniel R. Utter and S. Emil Ruff and Victoria J. Orphan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5232}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadq5232}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification of key steps in the evolution of anaerobic methanotrophy in candidatus methanovorans (ANME-3) archaea}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Regulation of MORC-1 is key to the CSR-1–mediated germline gene licensing mechanism in c. elegans. SCIADV, 11(25), eado4170. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Argonaute CSR-1 is essential for germline development in C. elegans . Loss of CSR-1 leads to the down-regulation of thousands of germline-expressed genes, supporting a model in which CSR-1 “licenses” gene expression via a poorly understood mechanism. In contrast, a small subset of genes is up-regulated in csr-1 mutants, including morc-1 , which encodes a conserved GHKL-type ATPase. We show that morc-1 is overexpressed in csr-1 mutants and accumulates over CSR-1 licensed targets, coinciding with aberrant gain of H3K9me3, reduced H3K36me3, and transcriptional repression. Notably, loss of morc-1 fully rescues these chromatin defects and partially restores gene expression and fertility in csr-1 mutants. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of MORC-1 in the wild-type germ line is sufficient to repress CSR-1 licensed targets and severely compromise fertility. These findings support a model in which CSR-1 prevents MORC-1 overexpression and consequent misregulation of CSR-1 licensed genes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica A. Kirshner and Colette L. Picard and Natasha E. Weiser and Nicita Mehta and Suhua Feng and Victoria N. Murphy and Anna Vakhnovetsky and Amelia F. Alessi and Connie Xiao and Kai Inoki and Sonia El Mouridi and Christian Frøkjær-Jensen and Steven E. Jacobsen and John K. Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4170}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eado4170}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Regulation of MORC-1 is key to the CSR-1–mediated germline gene licensing mechanism in c. elegans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HIV-1 binds dynein directly to hijack microtubule transport machinery. SCIADV, 11(25), eadn6796. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {HIV-1 uses the microtubule cytoskeleton to reach the host cell nucleus during replication, yet the molecular basis for microtubule-dependent HIV-1 motility is poorly understood. Using in vitro reconstitution biochemistry and single-molecule imaging, we found that HIV-1 binds to the retrograde microtubule-associated motor, dynein, directly and not via a cargo adaptor, as has been previously suggested. The HIV-1 capsid lattice binds to accessory chains on dynein’s tail domain. Further, we demonstrate that multiple dynein motors tethered to rigid cargoes, such as HIV-1 capsids, display reduced motility, distinct from the behavior of multiple motors on membranous cargoes. Our results provide an updated model of HIV-1 trafficking wherein HIV-1 binds to dynein directly to “hijack” the dynein transport machinery for microtubule motility.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Somayesadat Badieyan and Drew Lichon and Sevnur Komurlu Keceli and Michael P. Andreas and John P. Gillies and Wang Peng and Jiong Shi and Morgan E. DeSantis and Christopher R. Aiken and Till Böcking and Tobias W. Giessen and Edward M. Campbell and Michael A. Cianfrocco}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn6796}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {25}, pages = {eadn6796}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HIV-1 binds dynein directly to hijack microtubule transport machinery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Modulating tumoral exosomes and fibroblast phenotype using nanoliposomes augments cancer immunotherapy” by m. freag et al.. SCIADV, 11(24), eadz1356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Modulating tumoral exosomes and fibroblast phenotype using nanoliposomes augments cancer immunotherapy” by M. Freag et al. contained an incorrect immunofluorescence image for the drug BGJ in fig. S15A of the Supplementary Materials. During figure assembly, the authors inadvertently used the immunofluorescence image for the drug Nintedanib.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz1356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadz1356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Modulating tumoral exosomes and fibroblast phenotype using nanoliposomes augments cancer immunotherapy” by m. freag et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Armored human CAR treg cells with PD1 promoter-driven IL-10 have enhanced suppressive function. SCIADV, 11(24), eadx7845. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Regulatory T cell (T reg cell) therapy has been transformed through the use of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). We previously found that human T reg cells minimally produce IL-10 and have a limited capacity to control innate immunity compared to type 1 regulatory T cells (T r 1 cells). To create “hybrid” CAR T reg cells with T r 1 cell-like properties, we examined whether the PDCD1 locus could be exploited to endow T reg cells with CAR-regulated IL-10 expression. CRISPR-mediated PD1 deletion increased CAR T reg cell activation, and knock-in of IL10 under control of the PD1 promoter resulted in CAR-induced IL-10 secretion. IL10 knock-in improved CAR T reg cell function, as determined by increased suppression of dendritic cells and alloantigen- and islet autoantigen–specific T cells. In vivo, IL10 knock-in CAR T reg cells were stable, safe, and suppressed dendritic cells and xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. CRISPR-mediated engineering to simultaneously remove an inhibitory signal and enhance a suppressive mechanism is a previously unexplored approach to improve CAR T reg cell potency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dominic A. Boardman and Sonya Mangat and Jana K. Gillies and Lorna Leon and Vivian C. W. Fung and Manjurul Haque and Majid Mojibian and Torin Halvorson and Qing Huang and Karoliina Tuomela and Christine M. Wardell and Andrew Brown and Avery J. Lam and Megan K. Levings}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx7845}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadx7845}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Armored human CAR treg cells with PD1 promoter-driven IL-10 have enhanced suppressive function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineered chirality of one-dimensional nanowires. SCIADV, 11(24), eadx4761. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origin and function of chirality in DNA, proteins, and other building blocks of life represent a central question in biology. Observations of spin polarization and magnetization associated with electron transport through chiral molecules, known collectively as the chiral induced spin selectivity effect, suggest that chirality improves electron transfer. Using reconfigurable nanoscale control over conductivity at the LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 interface, we create chiral electron potentials that explicitly lack mirror symmetry. Quantum transport measurements on these chiral nanowires reveal enhanced electron pairing persisting to high magnetic fields (up to 18 tesla) and oscillatory transmission resonances as functions of both magnetic field and chemical potential. We interpret these resonances as arising from an engineered axial spin-orbit interaction within the chiral region. The ability to create one-dimensional electron waveguides with this specificity creates opportunities to test, via analog quantum simulation, theories about chirality and spin-polarized electron transport in one-dimensional geometries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Megan Briggeman and Elliott Mansfield and Johannes Kombe and François Damanet and Hyungwoo Lee and Yuhe Tang and Muqing Yu and Sayanwita Biswas and Jianan Li and Mengchen Huang and Chang-Beom Eom and Patrick Irvin and Andrew J. Daley and Jeremy Levy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4761}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadx4761}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineered chirality of one-dimensional nanowires}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evolution of coherent vibrations in atomically precise gold quantum rods with periodic elongation. SCIADV, 11(24), eadx2781. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The coherent vibrational dynamics of gold nanorods with varying aspect ratios have been extensively studied by time-resolved spectroscopy to reveal their mechanical properties, but quantum-sized rods (transverse diameter < 2 nanometers) remain unexplored. Here, we present a comprehensive study on the coherent vibrations of atomically precise gold quantum rods with distinct energy gaps (0.6 to 1.3 electron volts), all sharing the same radial dimension but with increasing aspect ratios. Time-resolved spectroscopy reveals ultrafast internal conversion and intersystem crossing, along with oscillatory features superimposed on transient signals that unveil coherent vibrational dynamics. Two dominant modes are identified: a longitudinal mode scaling with rod length and a transverse mode independent of aspect ratio. Theoretical simulations support these findings and clarify the structural origins of the observed vibrational behavior. Our study provides a framework for designing atomically precise gold quantum rods with tailored optical and vibrational properties, advancing the understanding and application of anisotropic quantum materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Zhang and Lianshun Luo and Zhongyu Liu and Fangming Zhao and Jie Kong and Rongchao Jin and Yi Luo and Meng Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx2781}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadx2781}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evolution of coherent vibrations in atomically precise gold quantum rods with periodic elongation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A phosphorylation-driven ubiquitination switch fine-tunes alfin-like 7–induced ROS signaling in plant immunity. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw7554. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis is essential for balancing growth-defense trade-offs in plants. Although the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate ROS production and scavenging genes have been studied, the regulation of these TFs to control ROS accumulation remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that during N nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat–mediated immunity, Alfin-like 7 (AL7) is ubiquitinated by the ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component N-recognin 7 (UBR7). UBR7 interacts with AL7 and acts as a molecular brake to mediate the ubiquitination of AL7 at lysine-20, leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. UBR7 functions upstream of AL7 to reduce AL7-induced ROS accumulation during N -mediated defense. The phosphorylation of AL7 at serine-174 enhances its interaction with UBR7, thereby increasing AL7 ubiquitination and reducing AL7 stability. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which ROS accumulation is regulated through the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of a TF during the immune response. This ensures precise switching of ROS signaling to prevent excessive defense responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dingliang Zhang and Xinyu Zhang and Zhiyan Wen and Yiping Wang and Lizhi Tan and Zhaolei Li and Wenli Li and Yi Li and Xiaofei Zhao and Meng Yang and Zhen Li and Dawei Li and Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar and Yongliang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7554}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw7554}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A phosphorylation-driven ubiquitination switch fine-tunes alfin-like 7–induced ROS signaling in plant immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Non-majorana origin of anomalous current-phase relation and josephson diode effect in Bi2SE3/NbSe2 josephson junctions. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw6925. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Josephson junctions (JJs) are key to superconducting quantum technologies and the search for self-conjugate quasiparticles potentially useful for fault-tolerant quantum computing. In topological insulator (TI)–based JJs, measuring the current-phase relation (CPR) can reveal unconventional effects such as Majorana bound states (MBS) and nonreciprocal transport. However, reconstructing CPR as a function of magnetic field has not been attempted. Here, we present a platform for field-dependent CPR measurements in planar JJs made of NbSe 2 and few-layer Bi 2 Se 3 . When a flux quantum Φ 0 threads the junction, we observe anomalous peak-dip CPR structure and nonreciprocal supercurrent flow. We show that these arise from a nonuniform supercurrent distribution that also leads to a robust and tunable Josephson diode effect. Furthermore, despite numerous previous studies, we find no evidence of MBS. Our results establish magnetic field–dependent CPR as a powerful probe of TI-based superconducting devices and offer design strategies for nonreciprocal superconducting electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrei Kudriashov and Xiangyu Zhou and Razmik A. Hovhannisyan and Alexander S. Frolov and Leonid Elesin and Yi Bo Wang and Ekaterina V. Zharkova and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and Zheng Liu and Kostya S. Novoselov and Lada V. Yashina and Xin Zhou and Denis A. Bandurin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6925}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw6925}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Non-majorana origin of anomalous current-phase relation and josephson diode effect in Bi2SE3/NbSe2 josephson junctions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Resolving electron partial waves in multiphoton ionization of molecules. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw5917. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Resolving partial waves, including their amplitudes and phases, is crucial for understanding the intricate structure and dynamics of the photoelectron released. However, the knowledge is limited because of the complexities of the multiphoton interactions with molecules in the nonperturbative regime. Here, we address these challenges using an orthogonal two-color (OTC) scheme, which combines different photon energies and polarizations of the laser fields to produce characteristic photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) that vary with the laser phase. By analyzing the phase-dependent PADs, the partial waves, including their individual amplitudes and phases, involved in the nondissociative and dissociative single ionization of H 2 are unambiguously resolved. In addition, the interaction phases accumulated during the absorption of multiple photons of different polarizations are revealed. The OTC scheme works as a powerful tool to achieve a partial-wave decomposition of the photoelectron wave packet launched via multiphoton ionization and explore attosecond electron dynamics in strong laser fields.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruolin Gong and Yang Li and Shengzhe Pan and Jihong Tong and Yijia Mao and Zhaohan Zhang and Wenyu Jiang and Peifen Lu and Kiyoshi Ueda and Feng He and Jian Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5917}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw5917}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Resolving electron partial waves in multiphoton ionization of molecules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-powered and self-calibrated sensing system for real-time environmental monitoring. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw3745. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Self-powered sensing related to triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as a sustainable self-sufficient power source for environmental monitoring by harvesting energy from a living environment is critical in the field of energy and environmental science. However, features of small energy-density and irregularity of environmental energy make it difficult to use directly for real-time environmental monitoring. Here, we report a self-powered and self-calibrated environmental monitoring system (SSEMS) composed of TENG, a calibration resistor, and a sensor network in parallel for real-time temperature and humidity monitoring. The calibration resistor can monitor in real time the irregular output of TENG from the irregularity of rainfalls. SSEMS uses this calibrating signal to calibrate the sensing signal in real time, achieving accurate sensing with an error margin less than 5.0%. We applied SSEMS under waterfalls and rainfalls to monitor in real time the environmental temperature and relative humidity with a sensing error as low as 1.0%. This work promotes self-powering technology one step further to practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jun Ma and Hao Sun and Zhekai Chu and Jiling Zhao and Zhiju Yang and Shuhai Liu and Juan Wen and Yong Qin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3745}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw3745}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-powered and self-calibrated sensing system for real-time environmental monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human perturbations to mercury in global rivers. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw0471. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mercury compounds are potent neurotoxins that pose threats to human health, primarily through fish consumption. Rivers, critical for drinking water and food supply, have seen rapid increases in mercury concentrations and export to coastal margins since the Industrial Revolution (~1850). However, patterns of these changes remain understudied, limiting assessments of environmental policies. Here, we develop a global model to simulate preindustrial riverine total mercury and assess human perturbations by comparing it to present-day conditions. We find that global rivers transported ~390 megagrams annually of mercury to the oceans in the preindustrial era, with spatial variability. Human activities have elevated riverine mercury budgets by two to three times in the present day. Establishing a baseline riverine mercury level, our findings reveal rapid responses of riverine mercury to human perturbations and could be used to inform targets for global riverine mercury restoration. Total riverine mercury concentrations could also be used as indicators to comprehensively understand the effectiveness of mercury pollution governance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong Peng and Zeli Tan and Tengfei Yuan and Peipei Wu and Zhengcheng Song and Peng Zhang and Shaojian Huang and Yanxu Zhang and Ting Lei and Beth A. Middleton and Jeroen E. Sonke and Guangchun Lei and Jianhua Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0471}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw0471}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human perturbations to mercury in global rivers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fruit flies exploit behavioral fever as a defense strategy against parasitic insects. SCIADV, 11(24), eadw0191. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Behavioral fever, a thermoregulatory response in which ectothermic animals seek warmer environments to elevate body temperature and combat parasite infections, is well documented against microparasites. However, its role and mechanisms against macroparasites remain largely unknown. Here, we show that Drosophila hosts use behavioral fever to defend against Leptopilina parasitoid wasps. This thermal preference increases wasp mortality and enhances host survival. We find that behavioral fever is mediated by up-regulation of Heat shock protein 70 ( Hsp70 ) genes in infected hosts as Hsp70 loss abolishes behavioral fever, whereas its overexpression induces heat-seeking behavior. We further find that behavioral fever up-regulates immune genes in infected hosts, including 12 antimicrobial peptide ( AMP ) genes, which disrupt the gut microbiota homeostasis of parasitoid wasps and, in turn, lead to substantial wasp mortality. Our findings elucidate the detailed mechanisms of behavioral fever in Drosophila hosts, advancing our understanding of ectothermic animal defenses against macroparasites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifeng Sheng and Zixuan Xu and Yang Li and Jiani Chen and Lan Pang and Yueqi Lu and Zhi Dong and Qichao Zhang and Junwei Zhang and Ting Feng and Wenqi Shi and Ying Wang and Xuexin Chen and Xing-Xing Shen and Jianhua Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0191}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadw0191}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fruit flies exploit behavioral fever as a defense strategy against parasitic insects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Conformational cycle and small-molecule inhibition mechanism of a plant ABCB transporter in lipid membranes. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv9721. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In plants, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are crucial for nutrient uptake, phytohormone transport, and environmental response. It is of great interest to understand the mechanisms of these transporters and develop small-molecule modulators to regulate plant growth. Arabidopsis ABCB19 was recently shown to transport brassinosteroid, shaping hormone dynamics and plant architecture. However, the conformational cycle and inhibitor mechanism of ABCB transporters remain elusive. We reconstituted ABCB19 into lipid nanodiscs, where activity was drastically higher than in detergents, and determined its cryo–electron microscopy structures in substrate-free, substrate-bound, vanadate-trapped, and inhibitor-bound states. Inward-facing ABCB19 moved inward upon substrate binding and fully closed with vanadate trapping, unexpectedly temperature dependent. Two inhibitor molecules locked ABCB19 in the inward-facing conformation. Mutagenesis identified key residues for substrate and inhibitor binding, revealing differential contributions to transporter function and inhibition. These results deepen knowledge of plant ABCB transporters, laying a foundation for targeted manipulation to enhance plant resilience and productivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yong Liu and Maofu Liao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9721}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv9721}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Conformational cycle and small-molecule inhibition mechanism of a plant ABCB transporter in lipid membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soil carbon formation is promoted by saturation deficit and existing mineral-associated carbon, not by microbial carbon-use efficiency. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv9482. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) is the largest terrestrial pool of organic carbon, yet controls on its formation remain unresolved. Existing MAOC is thought to preclude additional C storage on minerals, but this perspective is difficult to reconcile with observations that MAOC stacks in multilayers, suggesting that existing MAOC could promote greater C retention. Here, in a manipulative experiment using 118 soils from 15 agricultural sites across the United States, we show that MAOC formation is promoted by both existing MAOC and its counterpart—MAOC saturation deficit. The positive effect of existing MAOC on the formation of new MAOC persists after accounting for soil physicochemical properties that covary with MAOC. In contrast with current theory, we found that MAOC formation was not clearly influenced by microbial carbon-use efficiency (CUE). Our findings demonstrate that existing MAOC and saturation deficit, not microbial CUE, are key to determining new MAOC formation in agricultural soils.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alison E. King and Noah W. Sokol}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9482}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv9482}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soil carbon formation is promoted by saturation deficit and existing mineral-associated carbon, not by microbial carbon-use efficiency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrostatic nano-mask patterned 180° domain walls in a ferroelectric film. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv9194. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferroelectric domain walls (FDWs) exhibit exotic structural and electronic properties, positioning them as a promising functional element for next-generation nanoelectronics. However, achieving the deterministic creation of FDWs with nanoscale precision and controlled polarization of domains remains a substantial challenge for the scalable FDW-device fabrication and circuit design. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for FDW engineering by tailoring the interfacial electrostatic profile. Using SrRuO 3 islands as “nano-masks,” we spatially modulate the interfacial atomic termination to generate alternating positive and negative built-in electric fields. The boundaries where the electric field switches polarity drive the formation of 180° FDWs in BiFeO 3 thin films. This mechanism is validated through theoretical calculations and direct experimental observations. Furthermore, atomic-scale analysis reveals localized lattice distortions, structural chirality of the FDWs, as well as the edge effect of SrRuO 3 islands on the position precision of FDW nucleation. Our findings pave the way toward a scalable and controllable bottom-up FDW-growth technique for future FDW nanoelectronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiangbin Cai and Yueze Tan and Chao Chen and Changsheng Chen and Xiangli Che and Chao Xu and Yan Zhao and Haiyang Pan and Yaoding Lou and Jefferson Zhe Liu and Jesús Zúñiga Pérez and Weibo Gao and Long-Qing Chen and Jun-Ming Liu and Deyang Chen and Ye Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9194}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv9194}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrostatic nano-mask patterned 180° domain walls in a ferroelectric film}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interaction between NF-κB and PLAC8 impairs autophagy providing a survival advantage to prostate cells transformed by cadmium. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv8640. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prostate cancer risk is influenced by various factors, including exposure to heavy metals like cadmium (Cd). The study reveals that the autophagy-regulating gene PLAC8 (placenta-specific 8) is significantly involved in Cd-induced prostate carcinogenesis, and NF-κB acts as the upstream transcriptional activator of PLAC8, which then selectively up-regulates BCL-xL, providing a survival advantage to Cd-transformed cells. NF-κB activation stabilizes PLAC8 in the cytosol, disrupting autophagy by allowing PLAC8 to colocalize with LC3B instead of LAMP1. Silencing NF-κB down-regulates PLAC8 and its survival function while inhibiting NF-κB or PLAC8, which restores autophagy and decreases tumor growth in xenograft models. In addition, targeting BCL-xL confirmed this signaling pathway. The findings suggest that sustained NF-κB activation regulates PLAC8 and highlights the NF-κB–PLAC8–BCL-xL axis as a potential target for early detection and therapies in metal-induced prostate cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vaibhav Shukla and Ashish Tyagi and Balaji Chandrasekaran and Bhawna Tyagi and Balpreet Singh and Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan and Venkatesh Kolluru and Murali K. Ankem and Chendil Damodaran}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8640}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv8640}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interaction between NF-κB and PLAC8 impairs autophagy providing a survival advantage to prostate cells transformed by cadmium}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nucleolar beacon for monitoring nucleolar morphology and proteomics in living cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv7795. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The nucleolus is essential for ribosome biogenesis and stress regulation. However, because of its dynamic nature, there is still a lack of methods to specifically visualize nucleolar localization in living cells and to study dynamic changes in protein interaction networks within the cell nucleolus. In this study, we identified and engineered a signal peptide sequence, termed nucleolar beacon, which exhibits robust nucleolar localization and universal applicability across various mammalian cell types. Using this sequence, we established nucleolar indicator cell lines and demonstrated their practicality in studying nucleolar functions in living cells. In addition, by combining the signal peptide with proximity labeling technology, we developed an effective approach for capturing the nucleolar proteome and successfully identified nucleolar-associated proteins. These techniques provide effective and versatile tools for investigating nucleolar functions in living cells and offer a potential strategy for drug delivery applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiajia Gao and Wenjie Sun and Yuting Chen and Tianqi Liu and Zhenhuang Ge and Wenwen Xu and Yongjun Lu and Weiqiang Wang and Jinming Ma and Honghua Ge}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7795}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv7795}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nucleolar beacon for monitoring nucleolar morphology and proteomics in living cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asymmetric alkyl-alkyl coupling between electron-deficient and unactivated alkenes to access α-chiral phosphines by ni catalysis. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv6571. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {α-Chiral phosphorus compounds have broad applications as organic catalysts or ligands in organic chemistry and related areas. Herein, we disclose a Ni-catalyzed enantioselective cross-hydrodimerization of alkenyl phosphine sulfides with unactivated alkenes to access α-chiral phosphine sulfides, representing the first example of asymmetric hydrodimerization of electron-deficient alkenes with electron-rich alkenes. Key to success is the precise recognition between electron-deficient alkenes and electron-rich alkenes and streamlined alkyl-alkyl bond forming with the control of chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity. This strategy requires alkenes as sole precursors for asymmetric alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling, circumventing the use of stoichiometric amounts of alkyl electrophiles or alkyl nucleophiles as coupling partners. The mild conditions tolerate a wide range of functional groups, providing direct access to α-chiral phosphines through a carbon-carbon bond-forming process without prefunctionalized coupling precursors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jian-Yu Zou and Fang-Li Xing and Quan-Xing Zi and Hai-Wu Du and Meiwan Chen and Wei Shu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6571}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv6571}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asymmetric alkyl-alkyl coupling between electron-deficient and unactivated alkenes to access α-chiral phosphines by ni catalysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural origins of ultralow glass-like thermal conductivity in AgGaGe3Se8. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv5865. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Materials with low thermal conductivity are important for a variety of applications such as thermal barrier coatings and thermoelectrics, and understanding the underlying mechanisms of low heat transport, as well as relating them to structural features, remains a central goal within material science. Here, we report on the ultralow thermal conductivity of the quarternary crystalline silver chalcogenide AgGaGe 3 Se 8 , with a remarkable value of only 0.2 watts per meter per kelvin at room temperature and an unusual glass-like thermal behavior from 2 to 700 kelvin. The ultralow thermal conductivity is linked to a disordered nature of silver in the structure, displaying extremely large silver atomic displacement parameters obtained from multitemperature synchrotron powder x-ray scattering measurements and silver ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures. In addition, a low-temperature Boson peak in the heat capacity and a low Debye temperature of 158 kelvin reveal signs of structural anharmonicity and soft bonding.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peter Skjøtt Thorup and Rasmus Baden Stubkjær and Kim-Khuong Huynh and Pavankumar Ventrapati and Emilie Skytte Vosegaard and Anders Bæk Borup and Bo Brummerstedt Iversen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5865}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv5865}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural origins of ultralow glass-like thermal conductivity in AgGaGe3Se8}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topology-imprinting in nonlinear metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv5190. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flat optical components, or metasurfaces, have transformed optical imaging, data storage, information processing, and biomedical applications by providing unprecedented control over light-matter interactions. These nano-engineered structures enable compact, multidimensional manipulation of light’s amplitude, phase, polarization, and wavefront, producing scalar and vector beams with unique properties such as orbital angular momentum and knotted topologies. This flexibility has potential applications in optical communication and imaging, particularly in complex environments such as atmospheric turbulence and undersea scattering. However, designing metasurfaces for shorter wavelengths, such as visible and ultraviolet light, remains challenging due to fabrication limitations and material absorption. Here, we introduce an innovative concept called topology imprinting using judiciously designed all-dielectric nonlinear optical metasurfaces to replicate desired waveforms at fundamental and harmonic frequencies, opening promising avenues for advanced photonic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiannan Gao and Hooman Barati Sedeh and Dmitrii Tsvetkov and Danilo Gomes Pires and Maria Antonietta Vincenti and Yun Xu and Ivan Kravchenko and Renee George and Michael Scalora and Liang Feng and Natalia M. Litchinitser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5190}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv5190}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topology-imprinting in nonlinear metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Damage-resistant and body-temperature shape memory skin-mimic elastomer for biomedical applications. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv4646. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The integration of high strength, super toughness, damage resistance, body-temperature shape memory, and biosafety into a single skin-mimic material system has been a notable challenge in the realm of material science and biomedical applications. In this study, “Lego-like” polyurethane (PU) was selected to amalgamate multiple properties through the design of multilevel structures. By comprehensively designing the chemical and sequence structures of blocks, coordinating weak/strong hydrogen bonds, and achieving rational microphase separation and crystallization, an elastomer was obtained with an exceptional true tensile strength of 1.42 gigapascal, a high fracture energy of 384.7 ± 18.9 kJ/m 2 , and a skin-like nonlinear mechanoresponse. The coordination of crystallization and physical cross-linking also guaranteed excellent body-temperature shape memory properties, which are applicable in 4D printing. Moreover, the obtained elastomer is biosafe and has the potential to promote cell proliferation and DNA repair, which will find wide applications in the biomedical field including minimally invasive surgery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiaxin Shi and Fei Xia and Qingchao Tu and Chen Wang and Zhiqi Wang and Bo Li and Baohua Guo and Chong Qiu and Jun Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4646}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv4646}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Damage-resistant and body-temperature shape memory skin-mimic elastomer for biomedical applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrahigh-speed laser drilling of transparent materials via transient electronic excitation. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv4436. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Femtosecond lasers with extremely high peak intensity have driven remarkable advancements in manufacturing across science, medicine, and industry. However, the problem of notably low machining speed remains unsolved. Here, we demonstrate that by transiently exciting electrons in a transparent material, the laser drilling speed is increased by a factor of 1 million compared to that in multishot percussion drilling. By irradiating with a single shot of a spatially shaped ultrashort laser pulse, the optical properties are momentarily changed on the picosecond scale, making the material considerably easier to machine by a successive laser pulse. The selective absorption of laser energy in regions with excited electrons leads to the rapid heating and evaporation of material at an extraordinarily high speed. Furthermore, the machining is achieved using a low-power light source, four orders of magnitude lower than conventional femtosecond lasers. The concept of transiently altering material properties is expected to usher in a paradigm shift in research and development for manufacturing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanming Zhang and Takumi Koike and Reina Yoshizaki and Guoqi Ren and Akihiro Shibata and Sota Kiriake and Ryota Hasegawa and Ikuo Nagasawa and Keisuke Nagato and Naohiko Sugita and Yusuke Ito}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4436}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv4436}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrahigh-speed laser drilling of transparent materials via transient electronic excitation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seafloor slopes control submarine canyon distribution: A global analysis. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv3942. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth’s continental margins are dissected by submarine canyons that convey sediments, carbon, and nutrients to the deep ocean, regulating global biogeochemical fluxes. Despite their importance in the Earth system, the controls on canyon occurrence remain poorly understood. We report results from a spatial statistical model that explains global canyon distribution. By analyzing >2000 canyons, we show that canyon occurrence correlates with the inclination of continental slopes. Onshore orogeny and associated surface processes, long considered key controls on canyon formation, play a subordinate role. Instead, our results suggest slope inclination as the primary control on submarine canyon density. Because continental slope morphology is fundamentally shaped by marine tectonic and thermal processes, these large-scale forces indirectly govern canyon formation and distribution globally. As a result, they influence the presence of pathways that facilitate the transfer of sediments, carbon, and nutrients to the deep ocean, with implications for biogeochemical cycles over geological timescales.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anne Bernhardt and Wolfgang Schwanghart}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3942}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv3942}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seafloor slopes control submarine canyon distribution: A global analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Trapping and imaging dynamic battery nanointerfaces via electrified cryo-EM. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv3191. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The electrified interface between a liquid and a solid underpins diverse phenomena, from ion-transfer during battery operation to action potentials enabling biological communication. However, conventional tools are blind to the nanoscale dynamics of this metastable interface. Here, we leverage electrified cryo–electron microscopy (eCryo-EM), a technique that rapidly freezes and kinetically traps these dynamic, nonequilibrium states during battery operation for nanoscale characterization. Collective snapshots of the electrified interface at controlled time intervals quantifies early-stage growth kinetics of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), a passivation film that governs electron and ion transport. Unexpectedly, the diffusivity of charged species of the two SEI films with differing chemistry and performance are estimated to be within 10% of the other, indicated by the slope of their diffusion-limited SEI growth regimes. Instead, the slope of the reaction-limited SEI growth regimes differs by a factor of 3, suggesting that lowered reactivity of the high-performance electrolyte is largely responsible for its high coulombic efficiency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chongzhen Wang and Jung Tae Kim and Xintong Yuan and Jin Koo Kim and Bo Liu and Min-ho Kim and Dingyi Zhao and Matthew Mecklenburg and Yuzhang Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3191}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv3191}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Trapping and imaging dynamic battery nanointerfaces via electrified cryo-EM}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massively parallel genetic perturbation suggests the energetic structure of an amyloid-β transition state. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv1422. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Amyloid aggregates are pathological hallmarks of many human diseases, but how soluble proteins nucleate to form amyloids is poorly understood. Here, we use combinatorial mutagenesis, a kinetic selection assay, and machine learning to massively perturb the energetics of the nucleation reaction of amyloid-β (Aβ42), the protein that aggregates in Alzheimer’s disease. In total, we measure the nucleation rates of >140,000 variants of Aβ42 to accurately quantify the changes in free energy of activation of the reaction for all possible amino acid substitutions in a protein and, in addition, to quantify >600 energetic interactions between mutations. Strong energetic couplings suggest that the Aβ42 nucleation reaction transition state is structured in a short C-terminal region, providing a structural model for the reaction that may initiate Alzheimer’s disease. Using this approach it should be possible to reveal the energetic structures of additional amyloid transition states and, in combination with additional selection assays, protein transition states more generally.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anna Arutyunyan and Mireia Seuma and Andre J. Faure and Benedetta Bolognesi and Ben Lehner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1422}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv1422}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massively parallel genetic perturbation suggests the energetic structure of an amyloid-β transition state}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled with denitrification mitigates soil nitrous oxide emissions. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv1410. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The impact of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) coupled with denitrification on the emission of the denitrification intermediate N 2 O remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the influence of AOM coupled with nitrate and nitrite reduction on soil N 2 O emissions and the associated microbial interactions. We show that AOM coupled with denitrification markedly reduces soil N 2 O emissions, with the type I methanotroph Methylobacter species collaborating with the Methylophilaceae and Gemmatimonadaceae families to perform key roles. The suppression of N 2 O emissions by AOM primarily stems from its role in supplying electrons and carbon sources, fueling complete denitrification by associated bacteria. In addition, we uncovered distinct microbial interaction strategies for AOM-coupled nitrate and nitrite reduction. While nitrite reduction necessitates both bacterial cooperation and extracellular electron transfer during its initial stages, nitrate reduction predominantly depends on methanotrophic bacteria alone at the outset. These findings advance our understanding of carbon-nitrogen cycle coupling and underscore AOM’s potential to simultaneously mitigate both CH 4 and N 2 O emissions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Renfei Li and Ying Yuan and Beidou Xi and Wenbing Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1410}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv1410}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled with denitrification mitigates soil nitrous oxide emissions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fitness seascapes are necessary for realistic modeling of the evolutionary response to drug therapy. SCIADV, 11(24), eadv1268. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling of host-pathogen interactions has enhanced our understanding of drug resistance. However, how combinations of drug resistance mutations affect dose-response curves remains underappreciated in PK-PD studies. The fitness seascape model addresses this by extending the fitness landscape model to map genotypes to dose-response functions, enabling the study of evolution under fluctuating drug concentrations. Here, we present an empirical fitness seascape in E. coli harboring all combinations of four drug resistance mutations. Incorporating these data into PK-PD simulations of antibiotic treatment, we find that higher mutation supply increases the probability of resistance, and early adherence to the drug regimen is critical. In vitro studies further support the finding that the second dose in a drug regimen is important for preventing resistance. This work bridges empirical fitness seascapes and computational PK-PD studies, revealing insights into drug resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eshan S. King and Anna E. Stacy and Davis T. Weaver and Jeff Maltas and Rowan Barker-Clarke and Emily Dolson and Jacob G. Scott}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1268}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadv1268}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fitness seascapes are necessary for realistic modeling of the evolutionary response to drug therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Strong link between earth’s oxygen level and geomagnetic dipole revealed since the last 540 million years. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu8826. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth is the only known rocky planet to support complex life forms that use oxygen and to have a strong intrinsic magnetic field in much of its history, prompting speculation that Earth’s magnetic field and habitability are related on geological timescales. We search for possible observational evidence for such a relationship by examining evolutions of the virtual geomagnetic axial dipole moment and the atmospheric oxygen level over the past 540 million years. We find that both exhibit strong linearly increasing trends, coupled with a large surge in magnitude between 330 and 220 million years ago. Our time series analysis and statistical tests show that both are highly correlated, with the maximum correlation reached when there is no time lag between the two. Our findings suggest unexpected strong connections between the geophysical processes in Earth’s deep interior, the surface redox budget, and biogeochemical cycling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weijia Kuang and Ravi Kopparapu and Joshua Krissansen-Totton and Benjamin J. W. Mills}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8826}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu8826}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Strong link between earth’s oxygen level and geomagnetic dipole revealed since the last 540 million years}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-space observation of polarization induced charges at nanoscale ferroelectric interfaces. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu8021. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unique electrical properties emerging at nanoscale ferroelectric interfaces originate from the polarization induced charges. However, real-space characterization of polarization induced charges at nanoscale ferroelectric interfaces has been extremely challenging. Here, directly observing the nanoscale electric field by tilt-scan averaged differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy enables us to measure the spatially varying total charge density profiles across both head-to-head and tail-to-tail domain walls in a ferroelectric crystal. Combined with atomic column displacement measurements, the spatial distribution of polarization bound charges and screening charges across the domain walls can be disentangled. Our results reveal the true charge states of the nanoscale ferroelectric interfaces, providing an opportunity for experimentally exploring the interplay between atomic-scale local polarization structures and their charge states in ferroelectric interfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Masaya Takamoto and Satoko Toyama and Takehito Seki and Toshihiro Futazuka and Scott D. Findlay and Yuichi Ikuhara and Naoya Shibata}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8021}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu8021}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-space observation of polarization induced charges at nanoscale ferroelectric interfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Past aquifer responses to climate recorded by fossil groundwater. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu7812. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Billions of people rely upon groundwater for drinking water and agriculture, yet predicting how climate change may affect aquifer storage remains challenging. To gain insight beyond the short historical record, we reconstruct changes in groundwater levels in western North America during the last glacial termination (LGT, ~20 to 11 thousand years ago) using noble gas isotopes. Our reconstructions indicate remarkable stability of water table depth in a Pacific Northwest aquifer throughout the LGT despite increasing precipitation, closely matching independent Earth system model (ESM) simulations. In the American Southwest, ESM simulations and noble gas isotopes both suggest a pronounced LGT decline in water table depth in in response to decreasing precipitation, indicating distinct regional groundwater responses to climate. Despite the hydrologic simplicity of ESMs, their agreement with proxy reconstructions of past water table depth suggests that these models hold value in understanding groundwater dynamics and projecting large-scale aquifer responses to climate forcing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alan M. Seltzer and Rebecca L. Tyne and Israela Musan and Jeff B. Langman and Dillon J. Amaya and Kris B. Karnauskas and Juan M. Lora and Gabriel J. Bowen and Peter H. Barry and Maya Costantini and Michael W. Broadley and William J. Jenkins and David V. Bekaert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7812}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu7812}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Past aquifer responses to climate recorded by fossil groundwater}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Influenza a virus subverts the LC3-pericentrin dynein adaptor complex for host cytoplasm entry. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu7602. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Influenza A virus (IAV) enters host cells via endocytosis, and fusion of the viral particles (VPs) at endosomes releases the viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) into the cytoplasm. This uncoating step that is vital for IAV infection remains to be fully understood. The aggresome processing machinery (APM) plays a relevant but not essential role in this. Here, we reveal a mechanism in which light chain 3 proteins (LC3s) and pericentrin (PCNT) form an adaptor complex that is required for vRNPs binding to the dynein 1 and IAV uncoating at endosomes. This function of LC3s and PCNT is independent from their established role in autophagy and centrosome assembly, respectively. LC3s or PCNT depletion severely impairs IAV cytoplasm entry and infection, which can be further inhibited by additional silencing of histone deacetylase 6, an APM component. Collectively, our results show that IAV has adopted two redundant strategies to hijack the dynein biomolecular motors and facilitate VP uncoating.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yingying Cong and Pauline Verlhac and Benjamin B. Green and Jacqueline de Vries-Idema and Line Moesgaard Strauss and Clàudia Río-Bergé and Anders Etzerodt and Lene N. Nejsum and Anke L. W. Huckriede and Fulvio Reggiori}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7602}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu7602}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Influenza a virus subverts the LC3-pericentrin dynein adaptor complex for host cytoplasm entry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chordin-mediated BMP shuttling patterns the secondary body axis in a cnidarian. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu6347. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling patterns secondary body axes throughout Bilateria and in the bilaterally symmetric corals and sea anemones. Chordin-mediated “shuttling” of BMP ligands is responsible for the BMP signaling gradient formation in many bilaterians and, possibly, also in the sea anemone Nematostella , making BMP shuttling a candidate ancestral mechanism for generating bilaterality. However, Nematostella Chordin might be a local inhibitor of BMP rather than a shuttle. To choose between these options, we tested whether extracellular mobility of Chordin, a hallmark of shuttling but dispensable for local inhibition, is required for patterning in Nematostella . By generating localized Chordin sources in the Chordin morphant background, we showed that mobile Chordin is necessary and sufficient to establish a peak of BMP signaling opposite to Chordin source. These results provide evidence for BMP shuttling in a bilaterally symmetric cnidarian and suggest that BMP shuttling may have been functional in the potentially bilaterally symmetric cnidarian-bilaterian ancestor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {David Mörsdorf and Maria Mandela Prünster and Paul Knabl and Grigory Genikhovich}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6347}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu6347}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chordin-mediated BMP shuttling patterns the secondary body axis in a cnidarian}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Switchable client specificity in a dual functional chaperone coordinates light-harvesting complex biogenesis. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu5791. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The proper assembly of light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) is critical for photosynthesis and requires the biogenesis of light-harvesting chlorophyll a , b -binding proteins (LHCPs) to be coordinated with chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis. The mechanism underlying this coordination is not well understood. Here, we show that a conserved molecular chaperone, chloroplast signal recognition particle 43-kDa protein (cpSRP43), provides a molecular thermostat that helps maintain this coordination. cpSRP43 undergoes a conformational rearrangement between a well-folded closed state and a partially disordered open state. Closed cpSRP43 is dedicated to the biogenesis of LHCPs, whereas open cpSRP43 protects multiple Chl biosynthesis enzymes from heat-induced destabilization. Rising temperature shifts cpSRP43 to the open state, enabling it to protect heat-destabilized Chl biosynthesis enzymes. Our results reveal the molecular basis of a posttranslational mechanism for the thermoadaptation of LHC biogenesis. They also demonstrate how an adenosine triphosphate–independent chaperone uses conformational dynamics to switch its activity and client selectivity, thereby adapting to different proteostatic demands under shifting environmental conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alex R. Siegel and Gerard Kroon and Changqi Zhao and Peng Wang and Peter E. Wright and Shu-ou Shan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5791}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu5791}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Switchable client specificity in a dual functional chaperone coordinates light-harvesting complex biogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sequential transcriptional programs underpin activation of hippocampal stem cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu4523. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adult neural stem cells exist on a continuum from deep to shallow quiescence that changes in response to injury or aging; however, the transcription factors controlling these stepwise transitions have not been identified. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of mice with loss of function or increased levels of the essential activation factor Ascl1 reveal that Ascl1 promotes the activation of hippocampal neural stem cells by driving these cells out of deep quiescence, despite its low protein expression in this state. Subsequently, during the transition from deep to shallow quiescence, Ascl1 induces the expression of Mycn , which drives progression through shallow quiescent states toward a proliferating state. Together, these results define the required sequence of transcription factors during hippocampal neural stem cell activation and establish a combinatorial code for classifying these cells into deep and shallow quiescence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Piero Rigo and Sara Ahmed-de-Prado and Rebecca L. Johnston and Chandra Choudhury and François Guillemot and Lachlan Harris}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4523}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu4523}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sequential transcriptional programs underpin activation of hippocampal stem cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Frequency synchronization induced by frequency detuning. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu4114. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {It is widely held that identical systems tend to behave similarly under comparable conditions. Yet, for systems that interact through a network, symmetry breaking can lead to scenarios in which this expectation does not hold. Prominent examples are chimera states in multistable phase-oscillator networks. Here, we show that for a broad class of such networks, asynchronous states can be converted into frequency-synchronized states when identical oscillators are detuned to have different intrinsic frequencies. We show that frequency synchronization is achieved over a range of intrinsic frequency detuning and is thus a robust effect. These results, which are supported by theory, simulations, and electrochemical oscillator experiments, reveal a counterintuitive opportunity to use parameter heterogeneity to promote synchronization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jorge Luis Ocampo-Espindola and Christian Bick and Adilson E. Motter and István Z. Kiss}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4114}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu4114}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Frequency synchronization induced by frequency detuning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A lipid atlas of the human kidney. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu3730. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tissue atlases provide foundational knowledge on the cellular organization and molecular distributions across molecular classes and spatial scales. Here, we construct a comprehensive spatiomolecular lipid atlas of the human kidney from 29 donor tissues using integrated multimodal molecular imaging. Our approach leverages high-spatial-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry for untargeted lipid mapping, stained microscopy for histopathological assessment, and tissue segmentation using autofluorescence microscopy. With a combination of unsupervised, supervised, and interpretable machine learning, the atlas provides multivariate lipid profiles of specific multicellular functional tissue units (FTUs) of the nephron, including the glomerulus, proximal tubules, thick ascending limb, distal tubules, and collecting ducts. In total, the atlas consists of tens of thousands of FTUs and millions of mass spectrometry measurements. Detailed patient, clinical, and histopathologic information allowed molecular data to be mined on the basis of these features. As examples, we highlight the discovery of how lipid profiles are altered with sex and differences in body mass index.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Melissa A. Farrow and Léonore E. M. Tideman and Elizabeth K. Neumann and Lukasz G. Migas and Nathan Heath Patterson and Madeline E. Colley and Jamie L. Allen and Ellie L. Pingry and Martin Dufresne and Haichun Yang and Maya Brewer and Emilio S. Rivera and Carrie E. Romer and Katerina Djambazova and Kavya Sharman and Angela R. S. Kruse and Danielle B. Gutierrez and Raymond C. Harris and Agnes B. Fogo and Mark P. de Caestecker and Richard M. Caprioli and Raf Van de Plas and Jeffrey M. Spraggins}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3730}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu3730}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A lipid atlas of the human kidney}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Episodic reef growth in the last interglacial driven by competing influence of polar ice sheets to sea level rise. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu3701. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rapid, millennial-scale changes in sea level have been proposed for the beginning, middle, and/or end of the Last Interglacial (LIG) [~129 to 116 thousand years ago (ka)]. Each of these scenarios has different implications for polar ice sheet behavior in a warming world. Here, we present a suite of 230 Th ages for fossil corals in the Seychelles within a detailed sedimentary and stratigraphic context to evaluate the evolution of sea level during this past warm period. The rise to peak sea level at ~122 to 123 ka was punctuated by two abrupt stratigraphic discontinuities, defining three distinct generations of reef growth. We attribute the evidence of episodic reef growth and ephemeral sea-level fall to the competing influence of Northern Hemisphere ice melt and Antarctic ice regrowth. Asynchronous ice sheet contributions would mask the full extent of retreat for individual ice sheets during the LIG and imply greater temperature sensitivity of ice sheets than previously inferred.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Karen Vyverberg and Andrea Dutton and Belinda Dechnik and Jody M. Webster and R. Lawrence Edwards and Dan Zwartz and Pu Zhang and Mathieu Pythoud and Robert M. DeConto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3701}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu3701}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Episodic reef growth in the last interglacial driven by competing influence of polar ice sheets to sea level rise}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AbEpiTope-1.0: Improved antibody target prediction by use of AlphaFold and inverse folding. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu1823. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {B cell epitope prediction tools are crucial for designing vaccines and disease diagnostics. However, predicting which antigens a specific antibody binds to and their exact binding sites (epitopes) remains challenging. Here, we present AbEpiTope-1.0, a tool for antibody-specific B cell epitope prediction, using AlphaFold for structural modeling and inverse folding for machine learning models. On a dataset of 1730 antibody-antigen complexes, AbEpiTope-1.0 outperforms AlphaFold in predicting modeled antibody-antigen interface accuracy. By creating swapped antibody-antigen complex structures for each antibody-antigen complex using incorrect antibodies, we show that predicted accuracies are sensitive to antibody input. Furthermore, a model variant optimized for antibody target prediction—differentiating true from swapped complexes—achieved an accuracy of 61.21% in correctly identifying antibody-antigen pairs. The tool evaluates hundreds of structures in minutes, providing researchers with a resource for screening antibodies targeting specific antigens. AbEpiTope-1.0 is freely available as a web server and software.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joakim Nøddeskov Clifford and Eve Richardson and Bjoern Peters and Morten Nielsen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1823}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu1823}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AbEpiTope-1.0: Improved antibody target prediction by use of AlphaFold and inverse folding}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Scattering near-field optical microscopy at 1-nm resolution using ultralow tip oscillation amplitudes. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu1415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) allows for the observation of the optical response of material surfaces with a resolution far below the diffraction limit. Based on amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy (AFM) with typical tapping amplitudes of tens of nanometers, a spatial resolution of 10 to 100 nm is routinely achieved in s-SNOM. However, optical imaging and spectroscopy of atomic-scale structures remain a substantial challenge. Here, we developed ultralow tip oscillation amplitude s-SNOM (ULA-SNOM), where the ultraconfined field localized at a 1-nm-scale gap between a plasmonic tip and sample is combined with frequency-modulation (noncontact) AFM in a stable cryogenic ultrahigh vacuum environment. Using a silver tip under visible laser illumination with a constant 1-nm amplitude oscillation, we obtain a material-contrast image of silicon islands on a silver surface with 1-nm lateral resolution, which surpasses the conventional limits of s-SNOM. ULA-SNOM paves the way for the acquisition of optical information from atomic-scale structures, such as single photo-active defects and molecules.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Akitoshi Shiotari and Jun Nishida and Adnan Hammud and Fabian Schulz and Martin Wolf and Takashi Kumagai and Melanie Müller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu1415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Scattering near-field optical microscopy at 1-nm resolution using ultralow tip oscillation amplitudes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Visible-to-infrared photoabsorption in supermolecule-induced turing-structured perovskite hybrid semiconductors. SCIADV, 11(24), eadu0298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An emerging family of metal-halide perovskite semiconductors is highly attractive for optoelectronic applications because of their tunable light absorption, long-lived photogenerated carriers, and high defect tolerance. However, their inherent bandgaps limiting the photoabsorption below 1000 nanometers greatly constrain the further development of these materials and their optoelectronic devices. Here, we reported a straightforward strategy to achieving visible-to-infrared photoabsorption covering 630 to 2000 nanometers in inorganic perovskites by incorporating supramolecular crown ethers. Crown ethers enable supramolecular host-guest complexation and the formation of self-organizing Turing structures composed of original perovskites and supramolecular hybrid crystals. The visible-to-infrared photoabsorption is attributed to the interphase electron transitions in the Turing-structured perovskite hybrid matter system. Such visible-to-infrared photoabsorption is successfully translated into a photoelectronic response in an interdigitated photodetector. Our research extends the light absorption and detection capabilities of the perovskite hybrid semiconductors into the infrared region.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Gao and Chao Luo and Herman H. Y. Sung and Guanhaojie Zheng and Shihe Yang and Xingyu Gao and Yicheng Zhao and Baoquan Sun and Qing Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadu0298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Visible-to-infrared photoabsorption in supermolecule-induced turing-structured perovskite hybrid semiconductors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of unconventional and nonintuitive self-assembling peptide materials using experiment-driven machine learning. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt9466. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prediction of peptide secondary structure is challenging because of complex molecular interactions, sequence-specific behavior, and environmental factors. Traditional design strategies, based on hydrophobicity and structural propensity, can be biased and could indeed prevent discovery of interesting, diverse, and unconventional peptides with desired nanostructure assembly. Using β sheet formation in pentapeptides as a case study, we used an integrated high-throughput experimental workflow and an artificial intelligence–driven active learning framework to improve prediction accuracy of self-assembly. By focusing on sequences where machine learning (ML) predictions deviate from conventional design strategies, we synthesized and tested 268 pentapeptides, successfully finding 96 forming β sheet assemblies, including unconventional sequences (e.g., ILFSM, LMISI, MITIY, MISIW, and WKIYI) not predicted by traditional methods. Our ML models outperformed conventional β sheet propensity tables, revealing useful chemical design rules. A web interface is provided to facilitate community access to these models. This work highlights the value of ML-driven approaches in overcoming the limitations of current peptide design strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Y. Nissi Talluri and Subramanian KRS Sankaranarayanan and H. Christopher Fry and Rohit Batra}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9466}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt9466}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of unconventional and nonintuitive self-assembling peptide materials using experiment-driven machine learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Caspase-1–dependent pyroptosis converts αSMA+ CAFs into collagen-IIIhigh iCAFs to fuel chemoresistant cancer stem cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt8697. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The impact of chemotherapy-induced tumor cell pyroptosis on fibroblasts, a key stromal cell type within the tumor microenvironment (TME), remains unexplored. Here, we report morphologically and molecularly distinct subtypes of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in bladder cancer, including αSMA + IL-6 − myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs), αSMA − IL-6 + inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs), and hybrid i/myCAFs. Caspase-1–dependent tumor pyroptosis releases several inflammatory chemokines, converting αSMA + CAF into iCAFs in a CCR6-dependent manner. This is clinically relevant, as a fibroblast gene signature driven by iCAF markers and collagen type III is enriched in patients with chemoresistant bladder cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Contrary to the current notion, iCAFs, rather than myCAFs, produce collagen III in response to chemotherapy, supporting the expansion of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Thus, tumor cell pyroptosis initiates an iCAF-CSC feedforward loop that drives chemoresistance, indicating that inflammatory cell death is not universally beneficial to anticancer therapy, depending on the target cell type.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hongbo Gao and Stephen Q. R. Wong and Ethan Subel and Yung Hsing Huang and Yu-Cheng Lee and Kazukuni Hayashi and Mark Ellie Alonzo and Mustafa Karabicici and Xen Ping Hoi and Armine Kasabyan and Qianxing Mo and Zachary Melchiode and Ziad El-Zaatari and Steven Shen and Raj Satkunasivam and Fotis Nikolos and Keith Syson Chan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8697}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt8697}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Caspase-1–dependent pyroptosis converts αSMA+ CAFs into collagen-IIIhigh iCAFs to fuel chemoresistant cancer stem cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Endothelial CLEC5A drives barrier dysfunction and vascular leakage responsible for lung injury in bacterial pneumonia and sepsis. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt7589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endothelial barrier dysfunction and the resulting vascular injury are responsible for multiorgan failure in sepsis. Myeloid C-type lectin domain family 5 member A (CLEC5A) is a pattern recognition receptor involved in host defense against infection. Mice lacking CLEC5A were resistant to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)–induced polymicrobial sepsis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced endotoxemia, as observed by decreased mortality. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed transcriptomic heterogeneity of vascular endothelial cells in CLEC5A-deficient lungs following CLP. Endothelial-specific knockdown of CLEC5A improved survival of CLP-challenged mice, which was completely ineffective with reexpression of endothelial CLEC5A. The survival benefits were attributed to alleviated inflammatory storm and vascular leakage. Furthermore, endothelial CLEC5A deficiency protected mice against Escherichia coli –induced pneumonia. In vitro, CLEC5A deletion maintained trans-endothelial electrical resistance, and inhibited adhesion and trans-endothelial migration of monocytes/neutrophils under LPS stimulation. The study unveils the importance of CLEC5A in regulating endothelial barrier function and suggests endothelial CLEC5A as a therapeutic target for pneumonia or sepsis-causing bacterial infection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tie-Ning Zhang and Xin-Mei Huang and Julie E. Goodwin and Ri Wen and Yong-Ping Liu and Yu-Hang Yang and Tao Zhang and Yue Zheng and An-Yu Chen and Peng-Hui Hao and Xiao-Xu Tong and Ni Yang and Chun-Feng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt7589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Endothelial CLEC5A drives barrier dysfunction and vascular leakage responsible for lung injury in bacterial pneumonia and sepsis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SOAR elucidates biological insights and empowers drug discovery through spatial transcriptomics. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt7450. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spatial transcriptomics enables multiplex profiling of gene cellular expression and location within the tissue context. Although large volumes of spatial transcriptomics data have been generated, the lack of systematic curation and analysis limits biological discovery. We present Spatial transcriptOmics Analysis Resource (SOAR), a comprehensive spatial transcriptomics platform with 3461 uniformly processed samples across 13 species, 42 tissue types, and 19 different spatial transcriptomics technologies. Using SOAR, we found that CXCL16 / SPP1 macrophage polarity characterizes the coordination of immune cell polarity in the tumor microenvironment. SOAR’s integrative approach toward drug discovery revealed sirolimus and trichostatin A as potential anticancer agents targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin growth and proliferation pathway and identified Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription inhibitors for ulcerative colitis treatment. SOAR’s results demonstrate its broad application to data generated from diverse spatial technologies and pathological conditions. SOAR will support future benchmarking studies and method development, facilitating discoveries in molecular functions, disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiming Li and Yanyi Ding and Saya Dennis and Meghan R. Hutch and Jiaqi Zhou and Yadi Zhou and Yawei Li and Maalavika Pillai and Sanaz Ghotbaldini and Mario Alberto Garcia and Mia S. Broad and Chengsheng Mao and Parambir S. Dulai and Feixiong Cheng and Zexian Zeng and Yuan Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7450}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt7450}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SOAR elucidates biological insights and empowers drug discovery through spatial transcriptomics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cold exposure stimulates cross-tissue metabolic rewiring to fuel glucose-dependent thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt7369. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To gain insight into the root causes of metabolic dysfunction, it is essential to understand how tissues communicate and coordinate their metabolic functions. Here, we sought to address this in the context of cold exposure, a well-studied metabolic perturbation. We performed proteomics across six metabolic tissues and plasma, quantifying 11,394 proteins. Beginning our investigation in brown adipose tissue (BAT), we identified a mechanism to explain enhanced glucose utilization in cold-adapted BAT. This was characterized by select remodeling of upper glycolysis and pentose cycling to increase oxygen consumption, likely by increasing uncoupling protein 1 activity through the production of reactive oxygen species. Cold-induced remodeling of the plasma proteome appeared to underpin the ability of BAT to modify its fuel preference, stimulating lipolysis in white adipose tissue and glucose production in the liver. These findings emphasize the importance of considering metabolic adaptations in the context of the whole body and suggest overlap between the mechanisms of cold adaptation and obesity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Harry B. Cutler and Sigrid Jall-Rogg and Senthil Thillainadesan and Kristen C. Cooke and Stewart W. C. Masson and James M. Sligar and Jonathan G. Crowston and Luke Carroll and Jacqueline Stöckli and David E. James and Søren Madsen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7369}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt7369}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cold exposure stimulates cross-tissue metabolic rewiring to fuel glucose-dependent thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Regulation of PIEZO1 channel force sensitivity by interblade handshaking. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt7046. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {PIEZOs form trimeric calcium-permeable nonselective cationic channels that serve mechanical sensing needs across eukaryotic biology. Forces act on the channels by causing their curved blades to flatten and decompact, leading to an activated state, but it is unclear how this is regulated to enable the channels to adapt to different contexts. To identify potential mechanisms, we performed coarse-grained and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations on human PIEZO1. We observed an interblade handshake interaction mediated by basic amino acid residues in two flexible helices coordinated with regulated anionic lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. The interaction determined the resting configuration of the channel, blade curvature, compactness, and ion pore structure. In experiments, disruption of the handshake by neutralization of helix amino acids or phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate depletion increased the channel’s sensitivity to membrane tension. Structural and amino acid sequence analysis for multiple PIEZOs predicted helix amino acid arrangements for varied handshaking intensity. We suggest a dynamic interaction in PIEZO channels that regulates force sensitivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katie A. Smith and Eulashini Chuntharpursat-Bon and Oleksandr V. Povstyan and Marjolaine Debant and Jacob A. Kinsella and Charlotte Revill and Charline Fagnen and Jian Shi and Richard Foster and David J. Beech and Antreas C. Kalli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7046}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt7046}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Regulation of PIEZO1 channel force sensitivity by interblade handshaking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhancing singlet excitons delocalization via selective asymmetric fluorination of electron acceptors for efficient organic solar cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt6024. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exciton dissociation in organic solar cells (OSCs) is primarily achieved through interfacial charge-transfer (CT) states, leading to a trade-off between open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) and short-circuit current ( J SC ). Spatially dispersed delocalized singlet excitons (DSEs) in nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) provide an alternative channel to promote charge generation without interfacial CT state. Here, we manipulate intermolecular interactions, carrier dynamics, and photovoltaic properties through selective asymmetric fluorination. Two asymmetric molecules, Z12 and Z13, were synthesized by substituting the terminal group with different fluorine atoms compared with the symmetrical molecule, Z11. Z12 showed enhanced molecular interactions, promoting to more compact and ordered stacking, which in turn promotes the DSE formation, benefiting the synergistic enhancement of V OC and J SC . The D18:Z12-based device achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 19.5%, notably outperforming the other two devices. Our study indicates that controlling the molecular configuration by selective fluorination to enhance the DSE formation in NFAs is an effective strategy to achieve efficient OSCs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Renjie Xu and Yuanyuan Jiang and Houyou Lei and Feng Liu and Kerui Liu and Liheng Feng and Guangliu Ran and Wenkai Zhang and Cheng Zhong and Xiaozhang Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6024}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt6024}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhancing singlet excitons delocalization via selective asymmetric fluorination of electron acceptors for efficient organic solar cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mycorrhizal symbioses and tree diversity in global forest communities. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt5743. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tree species diversity in local communities, which remains to be tested at the global scale. To address this gap, we analyzed global forest inventory data and revealed that the relationship between tree species richness and EcM tree proportion varied along environmental gradients. Specifically, the relationship is more negative at low latitudes and in moist conditions but is unimodal at high latitudes and in arid conditions. The negative association of EcM tree proportion on species diversity at low latitudes and in humid conditions is likely due to more negative plant-soil microbial interactions in these regions. These findings extend our knowledge on the mechanisms shaping global patterns in plant species diversity from a belowground view.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Jiang and Xucai Pu and Bernhard Schmid and Peter B. Reich and Jingjing Liang and Akane O. Abbasi and Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano and Jan Altman and Juan Gabriel Álvarez-González and Luciana F. Alves and Bienvenu H. K. Amani and Christian Ammer and Gerardo A. Aymard and Naveen Babu Kanda and Meredith L. Bastian and Jean-Francois Bastin and Marijn Bauters and Pascal Boeckx and Svetlana N. Bondarchuk and Alexander Bondarev and Francis Q. Brearley and Sophie Brennan and Jaime Briseño-Reyes and Eben N. Broadbent and Goran Češljar and Han Y. H. Chen and Chelsea Chisholm and WookJin Choi and Emil Cienciala and Connie J. Clark and Alessio Collalti and José Javier Corral-Rivas and Javid Ahmad Dar and Selvadurai Dayanandan and Sergio de-Miguel and Ashaq Ahmad Dar and Géraldine Derroire and Ilija Djordjevic and Tran Van Do and Jiří Doležal and Aurélie Dourdain and Teresa Eyre and Adandé Belarmain Fandohan and Lorenzo Frizzera and Roberto Cazzolla Gatti and Damiano Gianelle and M. Socorro González Elizondo and Elisa Grieco and David J. Harris and Andy Hector and Bruno Hérault and Cang Hui and Nobuo Imai and Andrzej M. Jagodziński and Chengjun Ji and Lin Jiang and Carlos A. Joly and Viktor N. Karminov and Kuswata Kartawinata and Justin N. Kassi and Elizabeth Kearsley and Gunnar Keppel and Mohammed Latif Khan and Carine Klauberg and Kirill A. Korznikov and Subashree Kothandaraman and Florian Kraxner and Leonid Krivobokov and Dmitry Kucher and Amit Kumar and Anna Kvashnina and Gaia Vaglio Laurin and Rodrigo Vieira Leite and Moses B. Libalah and Ekaterina S. Lonkina and Huicui Lu and Shan Luo and Yuan Luo and Emma Mackintosh and Andrew R. Marshall and Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez and Radim Matula and William McDonald and Ayyappan Narayanan and María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda and Jagadeesan Naveenkumar and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Stanisław Miścicki and Tatyana Moskalyuk and Liudmila Mukhortova and Sharif A. Mukul and Gert-Jan Nabuurs and Victor J. Neldner and Radovan Nevenic and Anny E. N’Guessan and Michael Ngugi and Alain Paquette and Elena I. Parfenova and Marc Parren and Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy and Pablo L. Peri and Sebastian Pfautsch and Maria T. F. Piedade and Galina Polyakova and Axel Dalberg Poulsen and John R. Poulsen and Hans Pretzsch and Mirco Rodeghiero and Ervan Rutishauser and Purabi Saikia and Philippe Saner and Dmitry Schepaschenko and Jochen Schöngart and Eric B. Searle and Douglas Sheil and Zehao Shen and Stephanie Shooner and Anatoly Shvidenko and Carlos A. Silva and Plinio Sist and Ferry Slik and Wenqi Song and Alexandre F. Souza and Krzysztof Stereńczak and Somaiah Sundarapandian and Martin Svátek and Miroslav Svoboda and Zhiyao Tang and Natalia Targhetta and Nadja Tchebakova and Elena Tikhonova and Liam Trethowan and Daniel José Vega-Nieva and Hans Verbeeck and Simone A. Vieira and Camille Volle and Anna S. Vozmishcheva and Foma K. Vozmitel and Hua-Feng Wang and Shaopeng Wang and Xiangping Wang and Florian Wittmann and Chengyang Zheng and Biao Zhu and Irié Casimir Zo-Bi and Jingyun Fang and Zhiheng Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5743}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt5743}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mycorrhizal symbioses and tree diversity in global forest communities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Negative chemical data boosts language models in reaction outcome prediction. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt5578. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Trial-and-error approaches in chemistry generate abundant unsuccessful experiments, yet the potential of these so-called negative results remains largely underutilized. Here, we demonstrate that information from negative chemical reactions can be leveraged to improve reactivity-prediction models, offering advantages in scenarios with a limited volume of successful data. We extend the tuning of language models with reinforcement learning to the chemistry domain, training a transformer model for chemical reaction prediction. Our approach is evaluated using both a rigorously controlled dataset and a realistic high-throughput dataset comprising extensive reaction screenings across diverse catalysts sets and experimental conditions. The model achieves state-of-the-art performance by leveraging information from as few as 20 positive data points in the controlled dataset, supported by a negative dataset at least 40 times larger. Consistent results on both datasets demonstrate that, with an appropriate optimization strategy and the inclusion of unsuccessful experimental data, models can be effectively trained even when successful reactions are underrepresented.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alessandra Toniato and Alain C. Vaucher and Teodoro Laino and Mara Graziani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5578}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt5578}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Negative chemical data boosts language models in reaction outcome prediction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lamellar schwann cells in the pacinian corpuscle potentiate vibration perception. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt5110. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pacinian corpuscles are among the most sensitive mechanoreceptors found in vertebrates, and they are tuned to vibrations in the highest perceptible frequency range (100 to 2000 Hz). One of their anatomical hallmarks is the onion-like cell layers surrounding the central axon. The innermost layers consist of ~60 densely packed lamellar Schwann cells (LSCs), whose function remains largely unknown. Using high-resolution three-dimensional electron microscopy, we found that LSCs do not form concentric rings, but complex, multilayered, and intertwining assemblies that are connected via a high density of desmosomes and gap junctions. LSCs make multiple converging contacts with the afferent axon via desmosomes. Using optogenetic manipulations of LSCs, we demonstrate not only that their activation drives reliable time-locked spiking in the axon but also that their inactivation significantly elevates the thresholds in situ and increases perceptual thresholds behaviorally. Together, these findings provide evidence that LSCs are a key element of somatosensory processing, actively potentiating mechanosensitivity in Pacinian corpuscles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuh-Tarng Chen and Dominica de Thomas Wagner and Alastair J. Loutit and Ali Nourizonoz and Marina Ulanova and Danai Graikou and Man-Shan Chang and Mary-Claude Croisier-Coeytaux and Stéphanie Clerc-Rosset and Jérôme Blanc and Graham Knott and Kuo-Sheng Lee and Daniel Huber}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5110}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt5110}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lamellar schwann cells in the pacinian corpuscle potentiate vibration perception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Instant noninvasive near-infrared deep brain stimulation using optoelectronic nanoparticles without genetic modification. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt4771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Noninvasive transcranial neuromodulation of deep brain regions is a longstanding goal in neuroscience. While optogenetics enables remote neural control, it is constrained by shallow tissue penetration of visible light and delayed onset due to required opsin expression. Here, we introduce a neuromodulation technique using hybrid upconversion and photovoltaic (HUP) nanoparticles, which eliminates the need for genetic modification and affords near-infrared (NIR) activation of neurons in wild-type mice. This method converts deeply penetrating NIR light into localized electrical stimuli, enabling immediate and precise modulation in deep brain. In vitro patch-clamp experiments confirm neuronal activation upon HUP application. In vivo, we achieve remote NIR neuromodulation in the medial septum and ventral tegmental area 7 days postinjection, effectively modulating neuronal activity, suppressing seizures, and triggering dopamine release. This minimally invasive approach offers a versatile tool kit for investigating neural processes in mammals, with potential applications across diverse brain regions through customizable nanoparticle engineering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuang Jin and Jiazhi Li and Luyue Jiang and Yifei Ye and Chenguang Ma and Yingkang Yang and Haoyang Su and Lusha Gao and Min Ni and Yiping Zhao and Ye Tian and Gen Li and Jinwei Shi and Kaihuan Zhang and Pengyi Tang and Yu Yuan and Bin Lai and Ming Chen and Liuyang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt4771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Instant noninvasive near-infrared deep brain stimulation using optoelectronic nanoparticles without genetic modification}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oceanic uptake of CO2 enhanced by mesoscale eddies. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt4195. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oceanic mesoscale eddies play a crucial but underexplored role in regulating carbon fluxes and climate change. While they redistribute heat, salt, nutrients, and other tracers, their effects on CO 2 uptake remain uncertain. Using observation-based machine learning to estimate CO 2 fluxes throughout the lifetimes of thousands of eddies, we show that anticyclonic eddies substantially enhance CO 2 uptake on average, while cyclonic eddies marginally diminish it. This asymmetry yields an overall net increase in CO 2 absorption by 9.98 ± 2.28 and 13.82 ± 9.94% in the Kuroshio Extension and Gulf Stream, respectively, major carbon sequestration regions. The primary driver of this enhanced uptake is the downward pumping of dissolved inorganic carbon within anticyclonic eddies. Asymmetric biological responses between anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies contribute to the overall eddy-induced CO 2 flux imbalance. The finding suggests a potential underestimation of the ocean’s capacity for carbon sequestration because of insufficient incorporation of eddies in current observations, emphasizing the need for expanded monitoring in eddy-rich, undersampled regions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueyin Li and Bolan Gan and Zhengguang Zhang and Zhimian Cao and Bo Qiu and Zhaohui Chen and Lixin Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4195}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt4195}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oceanic uptake of CO2 enhanced by mesoscale eddies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RF-photonic deep learning processor with shannon-limited data movement. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt3558. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Edholm’s law predicts exponential growth in data rate and spectrum bandwidth for communications. Owing to exponentially increasing deep neural network computing demands and the slowing of Moore’s law, new computing paradigms are required for future advanced communications like 6G. Optical neural networks (ONNs) are promising accelerators but struggle with scalability and system overhead. Here, we introduce our multiplicative analog frequency transform optical neural network (MAFT-ONN), an artificial intelligence hardware accelerator that experimentally computes fully analog deep learning on raw radio frequency (RF) signals, performing modulation classification that quickly converges to 95% accuracy. MAFT-ONN also exhibits scalability with nearly 4 million fully analog operations for MNIST digit classification. Because of the Shannon capacity–limited analog data movement, MAFT-ONN is also hundreds of times faster than traditional RF receivers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ronald DavisIII and Zaijun Chen and Ryan Hamerly and Dirk Englund}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3558}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt3558}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RF-photonic deep learning processor with shannon-limited data movement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Abscisic acid enhances DNA damage response through the nuclear shuttling of clathrin light chain 2 in plant cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt2842. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA damage arises from various environmental stresses, and ABA is well known for its roles in plant stress resistance. However, its function in plant DNA damage tolerance remains unclear. In this study, we showed that ABA supplementation significantly enhances plant tolerance to DNA-damaging treatments. SnRK2.2 and SnRK2.3 kinases in the ABA signaling pathway are pivotal in this process. These kinases interact with clathrin light chain 2 (CLC2), facilitating its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in response to Zeocin and ABA treatment. In the nucleus, CLC2 interacts with ADA2b, an adaptor protein crucial for recruiting SMC5/6 complex to the double-strand break (DSB) sites. The enhanced nuclear localization of CLC2 is essential for the accurate localization of ADA2b at DSB sites. Collectively, our study uncovers that ABA enhances plant DNA damage tolerance with a distinct function of CLC2 in genomic stability maintaining, thereby improving our understanding of DNA damage tolerance mechanisms in plants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jieming Jiang and Qiuhua Zhu and Yang Li and Jiayuan Wu and Chenghuan Zou and Hongbo Li and Xiaohui Lei and Fangyuan Zhang and Yujie Lin and Rui Cao and Ying Cao and Jiawang Mo and Jianbin Lai and Jiangzhe Zhao and Chao Wang and Chengwei Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2842}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt2842}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Abscisic acid enhances DNA damage response through the nuclear shuttling of clathrin light chain 2 in plant cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A major ecological niche of eosinophils in evolving schistosoma granulomas challenges the eosinophil view as “helminth killer” cells. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt2779. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Eosinophil-rich granulomas, formed around tissue-trapped parasite eggs, are hallmarks of schistosomiasis mansoni, a prevalent neglected tropical disease. How eosinophils populate and affect the complex Schistosoma granulomas remains unclear. Here, we mapped eosinophils across evolutional hepatic granulomas in a mouse model and in a primary wild reservoir for human schistosomiasis in Brazil (water rat Nectomys squamipes ). With in-depth quantitative image analysis and three-dimensional histological reconstructions of entire granulomas, we find that eosinophils are spatially organized and occupy a major, peripheral niche conserved across space and time in all granuloma stages and both experimental and natural infections. Within this niche, immature and mature eosinophils coinhabit, compartmentalize their major basic protein-1 content, robustly interact with other immune cells, and secrete through piecemeal degranulation. This unveiled niche, unrelated to parasite eggs, challenges the concept of eosinophil as a “helminth killer” cell and invigorates its view as an immunoregulatory cell of the tissue microenvironment in Schistosoma granulomas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luccas M. Barata and Kássia K. Malta and Vitor H. Neves and Cinthia Palazzi and Eliane G. Oliveira-Barros and Yasmin Aguiar and Felipe Kneip and Bruno A. Marcelino and Lívia A. S. Carmo and João Felipe Audi-Gazeta and Pedro H. S. Santos and Maria Karolynna B. Milani and Michelle C. A. Paula and Eliana C. B. Toscano and Rosana Gentile and Felipe F. Dias and Thiago P. Silva and Rossana C. N. Melo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2779}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt2779}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A major ecological niche of eosinophils in evolving schistosoma granulomas challenges the eosinophil view as “helminth killer” cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ATP13A1 engages SEC61 to facilitate substrate-specific translocation. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt1346. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The accurate targeting of proteins to their designated cellular compartments is essential for maintaining proper cellular architecture and function. However, interpreting and sorting the highly variable targeting sequences in secreted and membrane proteins present a substantial challenge for achieving precise localization within the secretory pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that atypical signal sequences, characterized by high hydrophobicity and/or the absence of characteristic charges, are recognized by the signal recognition particle and targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum in a reverse orientation. These misoriented signal sequences are subsequently dislocated by the P5A-ATPase ATP13A1 and delivered to SEC61 for further translocation. Using cryo–electron microscopy, we determined the structures of human ATP13A1 in multiple conformations (3.40- to 3.87-angstrom resolution), revealing key residues within its substrate-binding pocket that engage signal sequences through polar interactions. Collectively, our findings elucidate a comprehensive, substrate-specific translocation pathway that ensures both high efficiency and fidelity in protein subcellular localization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoyan Yang and Yi Li and Chengxi Yang and Tingting Li and Zhiyu Fang and Zhigang Feng and Jun Liao and Yan Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1346}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt1346}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ATP13A1 engages SEC61 to facilitate substrate-specific translocation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heavy potassium isotopes in carbonatites reveal oceanic crust subduction as the driver of deep carbon cycling. SCIADV, 11(24), eadt1023. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbon cycling between surface and mantle reservoirs is pivotal in fostering habitability of Earth. A critical yet poorly constrained parameter is whether crustal carbon can “survive” devolatilization processes that accompany slab subduction and therefore influence deep carbon budgets. Carbonatites provide a key record to address this important topic. Here, we present high-precision potassium isotope data for a large set of carbonatite samples from both continental and oceanic settings, spanning from 2 billion years ago to the present. Modeling suggests that the heavy potassium isotopic compositions of carbonatites are inherited from their mantle sources, rather than resulting from magmatic and postmagmatic processes. Our results demonstrate a strong link between the subduction of oceanic crust and the recycling of carbonates into the mantle sources of carbonatites. These findings support the hypothesis that subduction of carbonate-bearing altered oceanic crust has been a critical mechanism for transferring carbon into the deep Earth through time.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zheng-Yu Long and Frédéric Moynier and Baptiste Debret and Kun-Feng Qiu and Wei Dai and Hao-Xuan Sun and Jun Deng and Hervé Bertrand and Kevin Burton and Edward Inglis and Sebastian Tappe}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1023}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadt1023}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heavy potassium isotopes in carbonatites reveal oceanic crust subduction as the driver of deep carbon cycling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DNA-programmed responsive microorganism assembly with controlled patterns and behaviors. SCIADV, 11(24), eads8651. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Programming microorganism adhesions to engineer multicellular microbial communities holds promise for synthetic biology and medicine. Current chemical and genetic engineering approaches often lack specificity or require engineered bacteria, making the design of responsive interactions challenging. Here, we demonstrate the use of functional DNA as programmable surface receptors to regulate the patterns and behaviors of microbial communities. Using metabolic labeling and hydrophobic insertion, we modified various microorganisms with DNA, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and dormant spores. By incorporating distinct sequences, we achieved precise spatial control of bi- and tricomponent microbial assemblies, forming diverse morphologies like core-shell and selective clusters. Stimuli-responsive clustering was successfully realized using aptamers, strand displacement, and reverse-Hoogsteen base pairing, with oligonucleotides or small molecules as exogenous cues. This work extends the use of functional DNA to control microbial interactions, enabling living communities with dynamic biofunctions, such as biofilm formation, antibiotic sensitivity, and quorum sensing, in response to biological triggers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuhan Kong and Qi Du and Dan Zhao and Yujian Wen and Tianqing Zhang and Zhiwang Geng and Maben Ying and Bryan Wei and Tong Si and Ye Tian and Feng Li and Zhou Nie and Hang Xing}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8651}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads8651}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DNA-programmed responsive microorganism assembly with controlled patterns and behaviors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Helicobacter pylori CagA protein is a potent and broad-spectrum amyloid inhibitor. SCIADV, 11(24), eads7525. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteria, the smallest and most abundant life forms on Earth, have been a source of insights that have had a considerable impact on human health. Helicobacter pylori has captured substantial attention due to its role in provoking an array of gastrointestinal ailments and other human diseases. Here, we report that H. pylori releases the protein CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) that strongly inhibits formation of both functional (bacterial biofilm) and pathogenic amyloid assemblies by targeting various stages during fibril formation. CagA’s broad substrate specificity reveals a mechanism whereby H. pylori interferes with other bacteria and humans, offering approaches to combat bacterial infections and human protein misfolding diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhen Jin and William Pallisgaard Olsen and Cecilia Mörman and Axel Leppert and Rakesh Kumar and Andreas Møllebjerg and Lotte Godthaab Nielsen and Olena V. Moshynets and Mykhaylo S. Frasinyuk and Jokin Yeregui Elosua and Daniel Ferreira and Axel Abelein and Michael Landreh and Stefan D. Knight and Jan Johansson and Daniel E. Otzen and Gefei Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7525}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads7525}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Helicobacter pylori CagA protein is a potent and broad-spectrum amyloid inhibitor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Morphogenesis of sound creates acoustic rainbows. SCIADV, 11(24), eads7497. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sound is a crucial sensing element for many organisms in nature, with various species evolving organic structures that produce complex acoustic scattering and dispersion phenomena to emit and perceive sound clearly. To date, designing artificial scattering structures that match the performance of these organic structures has proven challenging. Typically, sound manipulation relies on active transduction in fluid media rather than passive scattering principles, as often observed in nature. In this work, we use computational morphogenesis to create complex, energy-efficient, wavelength-sized single-material scattering structures that passively decompose radiated sound into its spatio-spectral components. Specifically, we design an acoustic rainbow structure with “above unity” efficiency and an acoustic wavelength splitter. Our work demonstrates what is possible when using computational morphogenesis to tailor the emission and reception of sound fields, with relevance to disciplines concerned with the sensing and emission of wave fields.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rasmus E. Christiansen and Efren Fernandez-Grande and Ole Sigmund}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7497}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads7497}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Morphogenesis of sound creates acoustic rainbows}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phage display enables machine learning discovery of cancer antigen–specific TCRs. SCIADV, 11(24), eads5589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {T cells targeting epitopes in infectious diseases or cancer play a central role in spontaneous and therapy-induced immune responses. Epitope recognition is mediated by the binding of the T cell receptor (TCR), and TCRs recognizing clinically relevant epitopes are promising for T cell–based therapies. Starting from a TCR targeting the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 157–165 epitope, we built large phage display libraries of TCRs with randomized complementary determining region 3 of the β chain. The TCR libraries were panned against NY-ESO-1, which enabled us to collect thousands of epitope-specific TCR sequences. Leveraging these data, we trained a machine learning TCR-epitope interaction predictor and identified several epitope-specific TCRs from TCR repertoires. Cellular assays revealed that the predicted TCRs displayed activity toward NY-ESO-1 and no detectable cross-reactivity. Our work demonstrates how display technologies combined with TCR-epitope interaction predictors can effectively leverage large TCR repertoires for TCR discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giancarlo Croce and Rachid Lani and Delphine Tardivon and Sara Bobisse and Mariastella de Tiani and Maiia Bragina and Marta A. S. Perez and Justine Michaux and Hui Song Pak and Alexandra Michel and Talita Gehret and Julien Schmidt and Philippe Guillame and Michal Bassani-Sternberg and Vincent Zoete and Alexandre Harari and Nathalie Rufer and Michael Hebeisen and Steven M. Dunn and David Gfeller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads5589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phage display enables machine learning discovery of cancer antigen–specific TCRs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MiniXL: An open-source, large field-of-view epifluorescence miniscope enabling single-cell resolution and multi-region imaging in mice. SCIADV, 11(24), eads4995. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Capturing the intricate dynamics of neural activity in freely behaving animals is essential for understanding the neural mechanisms underpinning specific behaviors. Miniaturized microscopy enables investigators to track population activity at the cellular level, but the field of view (FOV) of these microscopes has often been limited and do not support multi-brain region imaging. To fill this technological gap, we have developed the eXtra Large FOV Miniscope (MiniXL) for mice, a 3.5-gram miniaturized microscope with an FOV measuring 3.5 mm in diameter. We demonstrate the capabilities of the MiniXL through large-scale neuronal population records in hippocampal dorsal CA1. We also demonstrate simultaneous multi-brain region imaging across bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and mPFC and nucleus accumbens (NAc) during complex social behavior and stably track cells across multiple days. As with all microscopes in the UCLA Miniscope ecosystem, the MiniXL is fully open-source and designed to be shared with the neuroscience community to lower the barriers for adoption of this technology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pingping Zhao and Changliang Guo and Mian Xie and Liangyi Chen and Peyman Golshani and Daniel Aharoni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4995}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads4995}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MiniXL: An open-source, large field-of-view epifluorescence miniscope enabling single-cell resolution and multi-region imaging in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Top-down attention and alzheimer’s pathology affect cortical selectivity during learning, influencing episodic memory in older adults. SCIADV, 11(24), eads4206. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Effective memory formation declines in human aging. Diminished neural selectivity—reduced differential responses to preferred versus nonpreferred stimuli—may contribute to memory decline, but its drivers remain unclear. We investigated the effects of top-down attention and preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology on neural selectivity in 166 cognitively unimpaired older participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging during a word-face/word-place associative memory task. During learning, neural selectivity in place- and, to a lesser extent, face-selective regions was greater for subsequently remembered than forgotten events; positively scaled with variability in dorsal attention network activity, within and across individuals; and negatively related to AD pathology, evidenced by elevated plasma phosphorylated Tau 181 (pTau 181 ). Path analysis revealed that neural selectivity mediated the effects of age, attention, and pTau 181 on memory. These data reveal multiple pathways that contribute to memory differences among older adults—AD-independent reductions in top-down attention and AD-related pathology alter the precision of cortical representations of events during experience, with consequences for remembering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jintao Sheng and Alexandra N. Trelle and America Romero and Jennifer Park and Tammy T. Tran and Sharon J. Sha and Katrin I. Andreasson and Edward N. Wilson and Elizabeth C. Mormino and Anthony D. Wagner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4206}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads4206}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Top-down attention and alzheimer’s pathology affect cortical selectivity during learning, influencing episodic memory in older adults}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Leveraging dysregulated tumor metabolism for targeting anticancer bacteria. SCIADV, 11(24), eads1630. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Widespread application of bacterial-based cancer therapy is limited because of the need to increase therapeutic bacteria specificity to the tumor to improve treatment safety and efficacy. Here, we harness the altered tumor metabolism and specifically elevated kynurenine accumulation to target engineered bacteria to the cancer site. We cloned and leveraged kynurenine-responsive transcriptional regulator (KynR) with its cognate promoter in Escherichia coli . Optimizing KynR expression coupled with overexpressing kynurenine transporter and amplifying the response through plasmid copy number–based signal amplification enabled the response to kynurenine at the low micromolar levels. Knocking out genes essential for cell wall synthesis and supplying these genes via kynurenine-controlled circuits allowed tuning Salmonella enterica growth in response to kynurenine. Our kynurenine-controlled S. enterica (hereafter named AD95+) showed superior tumor specificity in breast and ovarian cancer murine models compared to S. enterica VNP20009, one of the best characterized tumor-specific strains. Last, AD95+ showed anticancer properties compared to vehicle controls, demonstrating the potential as an anticancer therapeutic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Akeem Santos and Zeneng Wang and Rashmi Bharti and Goutam Dey and Naseer Sangwan and William Baldwin and Ajay Zalavadia and Alex Myers and Olivia G. Huffman and Justin D. Lathia and Stanley L. Hazen and Ofer Reizes and Mohammed Dwidar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1630}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eads1630}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Leveraging dysregulated tumor metabolism for targeting anticancer bacteria}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A two-stage mantle plume-sagduction origin of archean continental crust revealed by water and oxygen isotopes of TTGs. SCIADV, 11(24), eadr9513. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Evolution of Archean continental crust involved partial melting of mafic crust to form the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series. However, crustal generation remains enigmatic with both plate tectonic and non-plate tectonic modes proposed. In this study, we show that zircons from the ~2.5–billion years ago TTGs in the Eastern Block (EB) of the North China Craton have low water contents (median of 263 parts per million) and high δ 18 O values (median of 6.22‰) and a negative correlation between them, which suggest a thick hybridized and hydrated mafic source. By contrast, zircon water contents of the adjoining coeval TTGs in the Trans-North China Orogen, formed in a supra-subduction zone setting, are notably higher. These results support a two-stage mantle plume-sagduction process for TTG formation. Our study suggests that Archean continental crust, such as that in the EB, most likely originated from plume-related oceanic plateaus, rather than subduction-related island arc magmatism under a plate tectonic regime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dingyi Zhao and Peter A. Cawood and Fang-Zhen Teng and Guochun Zhao and Xiao-Ping Xia and Min Sun and Xiangsong Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9513}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadr9513}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A two-stage mantle plume-sagduction origin of archean continental crust revealed by water and oxygen isotopes of TTGs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electronic anisotropy and rotational symmetry breaking at a weyl semimetal/spin ice interface. SCIADV, 11(24), eadr6202. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In magnetic pyrochlore materials, the interplay of spin-orbit coupling, electronic correlations, and geometrical frustration gives rise to exotic quantum phases, including topological semimetals and spin ice. While these phases have been observed in isolation, the interface-driven phenomena emerging from their interaction have never been realized previously. Here, we report on the discovery of interfacial electronic anisotropy and rotational symmetry breaking at a heterostructure consisting of the Weyl semimetal Eu 2 Ir 2 O 7 and spin ice Dy 2 Ti 2 O 7 . Subjected to magnetic fields, we unveil a sixfold anisotropic transport response that is theoretically accounted by a Kondo-coupled heterointerface, where the spin ice’s field-tuned magnetism induces electron scattering in the Weyl semimetal’s topological Fermi-arc states. Furthermore, at elevated magnetic fields, we reveal a twofold anisotropic response indicative of the emergence of a symmetry-broken many-body state. This discovery showcases the potential of pyrochlore frustrated magnet/topological semimetal heterostructures in search of emergent interfacial phenomena.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tsung-Chi Wu and Yueqing Chang and Ang-Kun Wu and Michael Terilli and Fangdi Wen and Mikhail Kareev and Eun Sang Choi and David Graf and Qinghua Zhang and Lin Gu and Zhentao Wang and Jedediah H. Pixley and Jak Chakhalian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6202}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadr6202}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electronic anisotropy and rotational symmetry breaking at a weyl semimetal/spin ice interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Beyond volume: Unraveling the genetics of human brain geometry. SCIADV, 11(24), eadr1644. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Brain geometry affects brain function. A quantitative encoding of form is provided by the Laplace-Beltrami operator’s spectrum of eigenvalues (LBS). We examined LBS genetics of 22 subcortical brain structures and cerebellum in 19,862 healthy White-British UK Biobank participants by multivariate genome-wide association study on the first 49 eigenvalues each. Controlling for surface and volume, we identified 80 unique variants influencing the shapes of one or several structures, with the highest yield (37 variants) for brain stem. The previously known influence of several of these loci on basic morphology, such as volume, is thus shown to also influence complex shape. Known associations of observed loci with blood pressure, neurodegeneration, alcohol consumption, and mental disorders hint at preclinical stages of these conditions potentially mediating the genetic effect on brain morphology. Significant correlations between LBS of several brain structures and the polygenic risks of hypertension, ischemic stroke, and schizophrenia evince brain shapes as early biomarkers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sabrina A. Primus and Felix Hoffstaedter and Federico Raimondo and Simon B. Eickhoff and Juliane Winkelmann and Konrad Oexle and Kaustubh R. Patil}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1644}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadr1644}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Beyond volume: Unraveling the genetics of human brain geometry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insight into human photoreceptor function: Modeling optoretinographic responses to diverse stimuli. SCIADV, 11(24), eadq7332. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optoretinography is an emerging method for detecting and measuring functional responses from neurons in the living human retina. Its potential applications are compelling and broad, spanning clinical assessment of retinal disease, investigation of fundamental scientific questions, and rapid evaluation of experimental therapeutics for blinding retinal diseases. Progress in all these domains hinges on the development of robust methods for quantifying observed responses in relation to visible stimuli. In this work, we describe an optoretinographic imaging platform: full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography with adaptive optics, measure cone responses in two healthy volunteers to a variety of stimulus patterns, and propose a simple model for predicting and quantifying responses to those stimuli.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Denise Valente and Kari V. Vienola and Robert J. Zawadzki and Ravi S. Jonnal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7332}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {24}, pages = {eadq7332}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insight into human photoreceptor function: Modeling optoretinographic responses to diverse stimuli}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “TFIIH kinase CDK7 drives cell proliferation through a common core transcription factor network” by t. jones et al.. SCIADV, 11(23), eadz0516. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “TFIIH kinase CDK7 drives cell proliferation through a common core transcription factor network” by T. Jones et al. omitted an author.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adz0516}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadz0516}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “TFIIH kinase CDK7 drives cell proliferation through a common core transcription factor network” by t. jones et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article “Discovery of anti-inflammatory physiological peptides that promote tissue repair by reinforcing epithelial barrier formation” by y. oda et al.. SCIADV, 11(23), eady9854. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “Discovery of anti-inflammatory physiological peptides that promote tissue repair by reinforcing epithelial barrier formation” by Y. Oda et al., the authors noted that the experimental conditions for the DSS treatment shown in Fig. 2B were uncertain. After reperforming the experiments following the conditions described in the paper, the authors obtained similar results.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady9854}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eady9854}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article “Discovery of anti-inflammatory physiological peptides that promote tissue repair by reinforcing epithelial barrier formation” by y. oda et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling the microscopic origin of anomalous thermal conductivity in amorphous carbon. SCIADV, 11(23), eadx5007. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Amorphous carbons pose fundamental questions, including incomprehensible phase transformations, microtopology identification, and origins of anomalous properties. However, transition pathways from low-density, high-sp 2 structures to high-density, high-sp 3 forms remain poorly understood, within which thermodynamical behaviors are practically unexplored. Here, we investigated the phase transition and thermal transport properties of a recently reported amorphous carbon phase, amorphous diaphite (a-DG). The continuous transformation pathway of a-DG is characterized by distinctive heterogeneous microstructural evolutions across a wide density range. We observed anomalous thermal conductivities in a-DG, which initially decrease and then increase with the density and sp 3 /sp 2 ratio, deviating markedly from previously reported trends. This anomaly originates from changes in phonon mean free path and phonon lifetime at the medium-frequency range (7 to 30 terahertz), dictated by the unique two-stage microtopological transition. These findings challenge conventional views of thermal conductivity in amorphous carbons, and, in a wider context, our mechanistic understanding provides fundamental insights into phase transitions and thermodynamic mechanisms of other amorphous materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {ZhongTing Zhang and Jian Luo and HengAn Wu and Hao Ma and YinBo Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5007}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadx5007}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling the microscopic origin of anomalous thermal conductivity in amorphous carbon}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kelp forest loss and emergence of turf algae reshapes energy flow to predators in a rapidly warming ecosystem. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw7396. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change is decimating habitat-forming species in ecosystems around the world. Yet, the impacts of habitat loss on the energetics of the wider food web remain uncertain for many iconic ecosystems, including cold-water kelp forests. Here, we assessed how the loss of kelp forests and the subsequent proliferation of low-lying turf algae in the Gulf of Maine have altered the trophic niches of, and energy acquired by, predatory reef fishes. Bulk tissue δ 13 C and δ 15 N analysis showed that fishes in kelp forests had larger trophic niches and greater interspecific niche separation than fishes on turf reefs. Moreover, δ 13 C analysis of essential amino acids revealed that kelp-derived energy accounted for most of the energy used by kelp forest fishes (> 50% on average), whereas fishes on turf reefs compensated for kelp decline via greater reliance on a phytoplankton-based energy channel. Therefore, ecosystem state shifts to turf algae—now a global phenomenon—may have far-reaching impacts on food web energetics and resilience.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dara S. Yiu and Emma A. Elliott Smith and Shane P. Farrell and Douglas B. Rasher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7396}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw7396}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kelp forest loss and emergence of turf algae reshapes energy flow to predators in a rapidly warming ecosystem}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhibition of acute lung inflammation by a neuroimmune circuit induced by vagal nerve stimulation. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw7080. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to limit immune cell activity across several pathologies ranging from sepsis to auto-immune diseases. While stimulation of vagal efferent neurons is known to reduce maladaptive host responses during endotoxemia, only selective vagal afferent neuron stimulation inhibited TLR7-induced macrophage activation and neutrophil recruitment to the lung. These anti-inflammatory actions are dependent on adrenal gland–derived epinephrine, as adrenalectomy or inhibition of epinephrine production eliminated the protection afforded by VNS. Selective afferent VNS induced activation in the nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostral ventrolateral medulla. Inhibition of neuronal activity in this brain region that controls peripheral sympathetic nervous system activity rendered VNS ineffective. Activation of the β 2 -adrenergic receptor (β 2 AR) is critical for innate immune cell suppression, as the anti-inflammatory effects of VNS were eliminated in β 2 AR knockout mice and with pharmacological inhibition of the β 2 AR. These findings demonstrate a previously unidentified neuroimmune circuit elicited by VNS that can control acute lung inflammation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaitlin Murray and Michael Cremin and Emmy Tay and Kristina Sanchez and Sierra Schreiber and Elliot Lloyd and Ingrid Brust-Mascher and Wesley Leigh and Jannat Ashfaq and Melanie G. Gareau and Colin Reardon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7080}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw7080}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhibition of acute lung inflammation by a neuroimmune circuit induced by vagal nerve stimulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Precision-controlled sequential drug release via electrochemical corrosion of liquid metal nanoparticles. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw6986. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An electrically controlled, programmable drug delivery system offers substantial potential in personalized biomedical devices. Current methods lack precise control over drug amounts and sequences, which is crucial for optimizing therapy. We present a solution with drug molecules modified onto gallium-based liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs) and using the electrochemical corrosion of LMNPs to controllably release the drugs, which allows arbitrary choice of drug types, release speed (fastest at less than 1 second), and sequence of release for customized therapy. This system applies to many types of drugs (molecules containing amine, thiol, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups) and is integrated onto a stretchable thin film and can be implemented as epidermal or implantable devices. We tested the platform with antibiotics for wound infections and an antitumor drug for subcutaneous melanoma, confirming its excellent therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility in both in vivo and in vitro tests.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jie Qi and Chao Xie and Mian Chen and Chen Hang and Lingmin Zhang and Xingyu Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6986}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw6986}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Precision-controlled sequential drug release via electrochemical corrosion of liquid metal nanoparticles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nuclear quantum effects slow down the energy transfer in biological light-harvesting complexes. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw4798. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We assess how quantum-mechanical effects associated with high-frequency chromophore vibrations influence excitation energy transfer in biological light-harvesting complexes. After defining a classical nuclear limit that is consistent with the quantum-classical equilibrium, we include nuclear quantum effects through a variational polaron transformation of the high-frequency vibrational modes. This approach is validated by comparison with fully quantum-mechanical benchmark calculations and applied to three prototypical light-harvesting complexes. For light-harvesting complex 2 of purple bacteria, the inter-ring transfer is 1.5 times slower in the quantum treatment than in the classical treatment. For the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex, the transfer rate is the same in both cases, whereas for light-harvesting complex II of spinach, the transfer is 1.7 times slower in the quantum treatment. The effect is most pronounced for systems with large excitonic energy gaps and strong vibronic coupling to high-frequency modes. In all cases, nuclear quantum effects are found to be unimportant for the directionality of energy transfer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Johan E. Runeson and David E. Manolopoulos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4798}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw4798}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nuclear quantum effects slow down the energy transfer in biological light-harvesting complexes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ice-related flooding in the lower yellow river driven by atmospheric teleconnections over the past 160 years. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw4729. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ice-jam floods are a unique yet understudied hydrological hazard, occurring in cold-region rivers when upstream thawing and downstream freezing create ice blockages. Despite their severe impacts, their atmospheric drivers and future trends remain unclear. Using a 160-year documentary record, historical reanalysis datasets, and statistical modeling, we examine the climatic and hydrological controls of ice-jam floods in the lower Yellow River, one of the world’s most flood-prone rivers. Our findings show that ice-jam floods are strongly influenced by large-scale atmospheric teleconnections, including the Arctic Oscillation, Siberian High, and Ural Blocking, which regulate regional thermal contrasts and cold-air intrusions. Over the past century, ice-jam flood frequency has declined, with hot spots shifting toward the river estuary due to weakening upstream-to-downstream temperature gradients under climate warming. Projections using bias-corrected CMIP6 multimodel ensemble indicate a continued decline in ice-jam flood occurrences by 2100. Our study bridges historical and future perspectives, emphasizing the need for adaptive flood management as climate change shifts hydrological risks worldwide.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shi-Yong Yu and Liang Zhou and Wenjia Li and Chunhai Li and Xuefeng Yu and Jörg Franke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4729}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw4729}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ice-related flooding in the lower yellow river driven by atmospheric teleconnections over the past 160 years}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synergy between unique Pt–C coordination and pt quantum dots on TiO2 for exceptional photocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw2028. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photocatalytic hydrogen production has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the environmental impact of carbon-intensive chemical industries. Loading single atoms is known to enhance photocatalytic efficiency, as their activity is heavily influenced by the microenvironment. Therefore, achieving precise control over the microenvironment of single atoms is crucial but remains a substantial challenge. Here, we reported a unique Pt–C/TiO 2 photocatalyst with Pt quantum dots (Pt QD ) and C-coordinated Pt single atoms (Pt SA ). Under the given experimental conditions, the hydrogen production rate reaches 43.2 mmol hour −1 with 70 mg of the photocatalyst. Notably, the hydrogen molecules generated per incident photon (H 2 /photon) reach 0.92. The special coordination environment influenced by C not only provides a direct transmission channel for photogenerated electrons but also activates surrounding Ti, thus improving the separation of the electron-hole pairs and H 2 production performance. This research provides a prospect of efficient on-site hydrogen production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tong Zhou and Zhongge Luo and Jiangting Zhao and Shoujie Liu and Longzhou Zhang and Yumin Zhang and Qingjie Lu and Mingpeng Chen and Jin Zhang and Huachuan Sun and Tianwei He and Junwang Tang and Qingju Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw2028}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw2028}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synergy between unique Pt–C coordination and pt quantum dots on TiO2 for exceptional photocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Liquid metal–induced low-temperature synthesis of tunable high-entropy oxides. SCIADV, 11(23), eadw1461. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-entropy oxides (HEOs) have attracted attention due to their unique elemental synergistic effect and lattice distortion. However, mixing elements’ vastly different radii and valences leads to substantial element segregation during the reaction. In addition, the requirement for a harsh temperature (1100°C) to achieve entropy stabilization results in the volatilization of low–melting point components. Here, we propose a strategy for synthesizing functionalized Ga-based HEOs (GHEOs) at a low temperature (400°C) by the Ga integration mechanism. The negative mixing enthalpy between Ga and other metals reduces the Gibbs free energy, enabling the creation of homogeneous GHEOs through a hydrothermal process at a lower temperature. The Ga integration mechanism is supported by thermodynamic and density functional theory analyses. In particular, the perovskite, spinel, and rock salt crystal can be precisely tuned by choosing metal ions, enabling tailored applications in electrocatalysis, energy-saving materials, and methane sensors. Hence, this GHEOs strategy can be extended to realize many ideal GHEOs adjusted for specific applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zheng Luo and Xiao-Ping Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1461}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadw1461}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Liquid metal–induced low-temperature synthesis of tunable high-entropy oxides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Strategy to overcome a nirmatrelvir resistance mechanism in the SARS-CoV-2 nsp5 protease. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv8875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {E166V in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nsp5 protease confers strong resistance to the antiviral component of Paxlovid, nirmatrelvir (NIR), in passaging and clinical samples. In SARS-CoV-2 replicons, E166V drastically decreased Washington (WA1) but not Omicron (BA.1) fitness (20- versus 2-fold), suggesting a lower barrier to resistance in the BA.1 strain and consistent with observed differences in respective nsp5 dimerization affinities. Crystal structures reveal a steric clash between the rigid, bulky NIR tert -butyl group and the β-branched Val 166 , disrupting the covalent binding of NIR to the catalytic Cys 145 and leading to high resistance in BA.1 and WA1 replicons. NIR-resistant replicons remained susceptible to GC376, which can still covalently bind Cys 145 by avoiding a steric clash with Val 166 through “wiggling and jiggling.” Hence, strategic flexibility is a strategy that will help design second-generation antivirals against NIR-resistant viruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Grace Neilsen and Shuiyun Lan and Ryan L. Slack and Zachary C. Lorson and Andres Emanuelli Castaner and Rachel Lee and Kristin G. Edwards and Huanchun Zhang and Jasper Lee and William A. Cantara and Maria E. Cilento and Hongwang Zhang and Ramyani De and Franck Amblard and Philip R. Tedbury and Karen A. Kirby and Raymond F. Schinazi and Stefan G. Sarafianos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv8875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Strategy to overcome a nirmatrelvir resistance mechanism in the SARS-CoV-2 nsp5 protease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhibition of virally induced TFEB proteasomal degradation as a host-centric therapeutic approach for coronaviral infection. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv4033. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The endolysosomal pathway plays an evolutionarily conserved role in pathogen clearance, and viruses have evolved complex mechanisms to evade this host defense system. Here, we describe a previously unidentified aspect of coronaviral infection, whereby the master transcriptional activator of lysosomal homeostasis—TFEB—is targeted for proteasomal-mediated degradation upon viral infection. Through mass spectrometry analysis and an unbiased small interfering RNA screen, we identify that TFEB protein stability is coordinately regulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit DCAF7 and the PAK2 kinase. We derive a series of novel small molecules that interfere with the DCAF7-TFEB interaction. These agents inhibit virus-induced TFEB degradation and demonstrate broad antiviral activities including attenuating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in two animal models. Together, these results delineate a virally triggered pathway that impairs lysosomal homeostasis in the host. Small molecule E3 ubiquitin ligase DCAF7 inhibitors that restore lysosomal function represent a novel class of host-directed, antiviral therapies useful for current and potentially future coronaviral variants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Travis B. Lear and Mads B. Larsen and Bo Lin and Benjamin R. Treat and Qing Cao and Áine N. Boudreau and Karina C. Lockwood and Irene Alfaras and Jason R. Kennerdell and Laura Salminen and Daniel P. Camarco and Yao Tong and Jing Ma and Jie Liu and Jay X. Tan and Ferhan Tuncer and John J. Villandre and Lucas Hertzel and Michael M. Myerburg and Yanwen Chen and Claudette St. Croix and Yusuke Sekine and John W. Evankovich and Simon M. Barratt-Boyes and Toren Finkel and Bill B. Chen and Yuan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4033}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv4033}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhibition of virally induced TFEB proteasomal degradation as a host-centric therapeutic approach for coronaviral infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of slow relaxation due to hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting bose-hubbard chains. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv3255. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While isolated quantum systems generally thermalize after long-time evolution, there are several exceptions defying thermalization. A notable mechanism of this nonergodicity is the Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF), where the Hamiltonian matrix splits into an exponentially large number of sectors due to the presence of nontrivial conserved quantities. Using ultracold gases, here, we experimentally investigate the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard system with neither disorder nor tilt potential, which has been predicted to exhibit HSF caused by a strong interatomic interaction. Specifically, we analyze far-from-equilibrium dynamics starting from a charge density wave of doublons (atoms in doubly occupied sites) in a singlon- and doublon-resolved manner to reveal a slowing down of the relaxation in a strongly interacting regime. We find that the numbers of singlons and doublons are conserved during the dynamics, indicating HSF as a mechanism of the observed slow relaxation. Our results provide an experimental confirmation of the conserved quantities responsible for HSF.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kantaro Honda and Yosuke Takasu and Shimpei Goto and Hironori Kazuta and Masaya Kunimi and Ippei Danshita and Yoshiro Takahashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3255}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv3255}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of slow relaxation due to hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting bose-hubbard chains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Frequency-tunable sound amplification in a conch-like cavity with graphene thermoacoustic resonance. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv2801. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The two-dimensional (2D) thermoacoustic emitter excels in producing a flat sound spectrum above 5 kilohertz but struggles with reduced sound pressure at lower frequencies. To address this, we designed a wearable acoustic device that combines graphene with a 3D-printed cavity, enabling tunable resonant frequency and enhanced sound amplification based on thermoacoustic resonance. The design features laser-scribed graphene as a 2D flexible thermoacoustic source attached onto the cavity, with a specialized chamber above to facilitate air vibration through Joule heat release. The inversely proportional relationship between the operating resonant frequency and the path distance of sound propagation is verified, the sound pressure level increases from 32 to 71 decibels at 5.4 kilohertz when the cavity height increases from 0 to 10 millimeters. Last, a wearable conch-like spiral cavity with graphene is tested under a commercial artificial ear system, demonstrating an effective amplification at approximately 1 and 10 kilohertz, offering insights for developing flexible loudspeakers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-Hong Wei and Zhan-Feng Guo and Yun-Fan Wang and Tao Lin and Wei-Wei Hou and Shu-Wen Duan and Lu-Qi Tao and He Tian and Yi Yang and Tian-Ling Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2801}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv2801}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Frequency-tunable sound amplification in a conch-like cavity with graphene thermoacoustic resonance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gradient double-twisted bouligand structural design for high impact resistance over a wide range of loading velocities. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv2169. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Structural materials for protective applications are exposed to complex environments including impacts under a wide range of loading velocities. Bioinspired Bouligand-type structural materials show high impact resistance under quasi-static and low-velocity impacts. However, their protective performance under high-velocity impact is lacking investigation. Herein, we expand the Bouligand-type structure family by synergistically considering structural design and compositional regulation and highlight a double-twisted Bouligand structure with gradient composition (DT-Bou-G) for enhancing impact resistance under a wide range of loading velocities. As one demonstration, the DT-Bou-G structural material was fabricated by multimaterial fused deposition with stiff polylactic acid and soft thermoplastic polyurethane as raw materials. Experimental investigations show its superior impact-resistant capability under multiple loading velocities (0.5 millimeters per minute, 2.1 meters per second, 4.3 meters per second, and 120 meters per second). Finite element simulations further prove the mechanical result and reveal the underlying mechanisms. The DT-Bou-G structure will inspire the design of engineering protective materials capable of withstanding complex working conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shao-Meng Wen and Weitao Gao and Si-Chao Zhang and Jun Pang and Chen Cui and Huai-Ling Gao and Zhijun Zheng and Si-Ming Chen and Shu-Hong Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2169}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv2169}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gradient double-twisted bouligand structural design for high impact resistance over a wide range of loading velocities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Harmonic-induced plasmonic resonant energy transfer between metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv1822. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Heterostructures combining two or more metal and/or semiconductor nanoparticles exhibit enhanced upconversion arising from localized nanoparticle resonances. However, plasmon-exciton coupling in semiconductor-metal nanostructures exhibits nanosecond relaxation times, and multi-plasmon metallic heterostructures are not broadly tunable. Here, we develop a biplasmonic heterostructure in which CuS and Au nanoparticle layers, separated by an alumina spacer of variable thickness, exhibit enhanced second- and third-harmonic generation due to dipole-dipole coupling between Au and CuS plasmons, as seen in the characteristic inverse sixth-power dependence of their separation in the measured harmonic enhancement and confirmed by numerical simulations of near-field CuS-Au nanoparticle coupling. Transient-absorption spectroscopy shows faster relaxation in Au/CuS (690 femtoseconds) compared to CuS heterostructures (929 femtoseconds). Moreover, nonlinear absorption measurements provide evidence for harmonic-induced plasmonic resonant energy transfer between the narrow Au and broad, tunable CuS plasmon resonances. This prototype for ultrafast upconversion showcases a strategy for high-efficiency, tunable plasmonic nonlinear devices with promising applications in photocatalysis, parametric down-conversion, and biomedical imaging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yueming Yan and Nathan J. Spear and Adam J. Cummings and Karina Khusainova and Janet E. Macdonald and Richard F. Haglund}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1822}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv1822}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Harmonic-induced plasmonic resonant energy transfer between metal and semiconductor nanoparticles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RBPseg: Toward a complete phage tail fiber structure atlas. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv0870. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteriophages use receptor-binding proteins (RBPs) to adhere to bacterial hosts, yet their sequence and structural diversity remain poorly understood. Tail fibers, a major class of RBPs, are elongated and flexible trimeric proteins, making their full-length structures difficult to resolve experimentally. Advances in deep learning–based protein structure prediction, such as AlphaFold2-multimer (AF2M) and ESMFold, provide opportunities for studying these challenging proteins. Here, we introduce RBPseg, a method that combines monomeric ESMFold predictions with a structural-based domain identification approach, to divide tail fiber sequences into manageable fractions for high-confidence modeling with AF2M. Using this approach, we generated complete tail fiber models, validated by single-particle cryo–electron microscopy of five fibers from three phages. A structural classification of 67 fibers identified 16 distinct classes and 89 domains, revealing patterns of modularity, convergence, divergence, and domain swapping. Our findings suggest that these structural classes represent at least 24% of the known tail fiber universe, providing key insights into their evolution and functionality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Victor Klein-Sousa and Aritz Roa-Eguiara and Claudia S. Kielkopf and Nicholas Sofos and Nicholas M. I. Taylor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0870}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv0870}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RBPseg: Toward a complete phage tail fiber structure atlas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gas-phase synthesis of anthracene and phenanthrene via radical-radical reaction induced ring expansions. SCIADV, 11(23), eadv0692. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unraveling reaction mechanisms of aromatic and resonance-stabilized radicals is critical to understanding molecular mass growth processes to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and carbonaceous nanoparticles in distinct astrophysical environments (molecular clouds, circumstellar envelopes) and combustion systems. Using photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy (PEPICO), we explored the gas-phase reaction of the methyl radical (CH 3 • ) with the aromatic and resonance-stabilized fluorenyl radical (C 13 H 9 • ) under high-temperature conditions in a chemical microreactor. Anthracene and phenanthrene were detected isomer-selectively using photoionization efficiency (PIE) curves and mass-selected threshold photoelectron (ms-TPE) spectra. While phenanthrene is produced through a radical-radical recombination of the carbon-centered radicals, anthracene may plausibly be formed through an unconventional radical addition to a low spin-density fluorenyl carbon. These pathways result in five-membered ring expansion—a critical mechanism crucial to PAH mass growth converting bent PAHs into planar nanostructures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shane J. Goettl and Andrew M. Turner and Vladislav S. Krasnoukhov and Valeriy N. Azyazov and Keisuke Kanayama and Patrick Hemberger and Alexander M. Mebel and Ralf I. Kaiser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0692}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadv0692}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gas-phase synthesis of anthracene and phenanthrene via radical-radical reaction induced ring expansions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HOPS-dependent vesicle tethering lock inhibits endolysosomal fusions and autophagosome secretion upon the loss of syntaxin17. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu9605. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The autophagosomal SNARE (soluble N -ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein) Syntaxin17 (Syx17) plays a pivotal role in autophagosome-lysosome fusion, yet the broader impact of its loss remains elusive. Our investigation of Syx17 function in Drosophila nephrocytes and salivary gland cells revealed unexpected effects. We find that Syx17 loss induces the formation of autophagosome-lysosome clusters in a HOPS (homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting)–dependent manner, entrapping this tether, autophagosomes, and lysosomes. While locked in clusters, these organelles cannot participate in other vesicle fusions, impeding endosomal progression and autophagosome secretion. Therefore, the absence of Syx17 not only inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion but also prevents HOPS release from autophagosome-lysosome tethering sites causing a “tethering lock.” Preventing autophagosome formation or removing the HOPS adaptor Plekhm1 (pleckstrin homology domain–containing family M member 1) leads to release of HOPS and lysosomes from these clusters, thus rescuing secondary effects of Syx17 loss. Our findings show that a tethering lock can disrupt multiple vesicle trafficking routes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dávid Hargitai and Anikó Nagy and Iván Bodor and Győző Szenci and Hajnalka Laczkó-Dobos and Arindam Bhattacharjee and Natali Neuhauser and Szabolcs Takáts and Gábor Juhász and Péter Lőrincz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9605}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu9605}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HOPS-dependent vesicle tethering lock inhibits endolysosomal fusions and autophagosome secretion upon the loss of syntaxin17}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhancer RNA–mediated transcriptional regulatory programs reveal the malignant progression of glioma. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu9487. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To systematically investigate the molecular and pathological mechanisms of enhancer RNA (eRNA)–mediated transcriptional regulation in glioma recurrence and progression, transcriptomic, regulatome, and genomic data were integrated to analyze eRNA behavior in lower-grade gliomas (stages II/III) and glioblastomas (stage IV). Most eRNAs exhibited dynamic expression during glioma progression, regulated by master transcription factors (TFs) and affected by genomic mutations. The constructed perturbed TF-mediated eRNA-promoter regulatory landscape revealed that rewiring eRNA-promoter networks contributed to glioma malignancy. Drug response–related eRNAs associated with poor prognosis were identified, highlighting their clinical potential. Overall, integrative analysis highlights the critical role of eRNA-mediated regulatory rewiring in glioma progression, providing valuable insights into transcriptional mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yingying Ma and Shuyuan Wang and Yijie Jia and Shijie Wang and Wendian Liu and Jiaxin Yu and Jun Wang and Jingkai Geng and Jiayi Zhao and Zheng Zhao and Juan Xu and Hui Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9487}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu9487}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhancer RNA–mediated transcriptional regulatory programs reveal the malignant progression of glioma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Waveform-dependent air fluorescence from neutral and ionic nitrogen molecules. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu9200. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Laser-induced air fluorescence in the ultraviolet regime is primarily attributed to transitions between the C and B states in excited neutral N 2 molecules and between the B and X states in N 2 + ions. However, the mechanism underlying the former remains contentious, as direct population to the C state by light fields is forbidden by electron spin constraints. In this work, we investigate the mechanism of air fluorescence from excited neutral N 2 molecules by carrier-envelope phase–stabilized sub–4 femtosecond pulses. Our results show that fluorescence from N 2 + ions reaches a maximum with cosine-like pulses, while fluorescence from excited neutral N 2 molecules peaks with sine-like pulses. In addition, by scanning the chirp of the driving pulse, we find that ionic fluorescence is maximized with chirp-free pulses, whereas neutral fluorescence favors negatively chirped pulses. These observations, supported by classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations, support the mechanism of intersystem crossing from excited spin-singlet states, which are populated via recollision-induced strong-field excitation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hao Liang and Ming-Shian Tsai and Chun-Chia Tseng and Ming-Chang Chen and Uwe Thumm and Meng Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9200}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu9200}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Waveform-dependent air fluorescence from neutral and ionic nitrogen molecules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deciphering co-ion and counterion transport in polyamide desalination membranes reveals ion selectivity mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu8302. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Membrane-based processes, such as reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF), are widely used for water purification and desalination due to their high energy efficiency and exceptional solute-water selectivity. Nevertheless, the fundamental, molecular-level mechanisms governing ion selectivity are still not fully understood. This study explores ion selectivity in polyamide desalination membranes, focusing on the partitioning and diffusion mechanisms of co-ions and counterions. Our experimental and molecular simulation results reveal that electrostatic interactions play a key role in impeding co-ion partitioning while enhancing their diffusion. The results further suggest that ion selectivity is predominantly controlled by the partitioning step, particularly the selective partitioning of co-ions. This finding highlights the importance of focusing on ion partitioning at the water-membrane interface to improve membrane ion-ion selectivity. In addition, our results point out to a trade-off between partitioning and diffusion, requiring careful tuning of these processes. Overall, this study provides the scientific foundation for molecular design of membranes with high ion-ion selectivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yun Guo and Jinlong He and Junwei Zhang and Meng Sheng and Zhiwei Wang and Menachem Elimelech and Li Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8302}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu8302}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deciphering co-ion and counterion transport in polyamide desalination membranes reveals ion selectivity mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Air-stable n-type dopant for organic semiconductors via a single-photon catalytic process. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu8215. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Controlled doping of conjugated polymer-based semiconductors is crucial for optoelectronic applications. While p-type doping of conjugated polymers can be readily achieved with a variety of oxidants, n-type doping is more challenging, usually requiring highly reactive reducing agents. Here, we demonstrate that an air-stable photoredox catalyst (acridinium salt), together with a mild and air-stable reducing agent (amine), can effectively dope common n-type conjugated polymers under light at room temperature, yielding conductivity values on par with the highest obtained via other means. We elucidate the mechanism and show that this photoredox n-doping occurs via a one-photon–one-electron transfer process that is catalytic in nature. This simple and facile n-doping approach opens more avenues for doping organic semiconductors with the potential to revolutionize device design and substantially enhance doping efficiency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liang Yan and Xinzheng Yang and Mengqi Yang and Justin Neu and Somayeh Kashani and Rajiv Giridharagopal and Yusuf Olanrewaju and Franky So and David Ginger and Harald Ade and Xiaosong Li and Wei You}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8215}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu8215}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Air-stable n-type dopant for organic semiconductors via a single-photon catalytic process}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Volumetric printed biomimetic scaffolds support in vitro lactation of human milk-derived mammary epithelial cells. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu5793. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human breast is remarkably plastic and remodels with each birth to produce milk optimally suited for the changing demands of the newborn. This dynamic nature of lactation makes it challenging to study under controlled conditions. Given the health benefits of human milk, models of secretory mammary tissue would offer opportunities to study factors that influence this important food source. First, 3D models of the mammary duct/alveoli (D/A) were designed inspired by shapes found in vivo. Photoresins based on mammary decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) were optimized to match the mechanical properties of native breast tissue. Next, these D/A models were printed with a volumetric printer and seeded with human milk-derived mammary epithelial cells (MECs). MECs formed stable epithelial layers on the printed surfaces and secreted the β-casein and milk fat globules. This model offers exciting avenues to explore hormonal, nutritional, and mechanobiological factors involved in lactation, thereby improving understanding of lactation for the benefit of infants and their mothers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amelia Hasenauer and Kajetana Bevc and Maxwell C. McCabe and Parth Chansoria and Anthony J. Saviola and Kirk C. Hansen and Karen L. Christman and Marcy Zenobi-Wong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5793}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu5793}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Volumetric printed biomimetic scaffolds support in vitro lactation of human milk-derived mammary epithelial cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A spatially organized Cd24a+/Pax9+ stem cell core governs postnatal tooth establishment. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu5653. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mineralized tissues are fundamental in mechanical support and protection in vertebrates. Their formation by progenitor cells during development remains elusive. Here, we show that the postnatal establishment of the molar teeth was governed by a spatially organized core of Cd24a + / Pax9 + progenitors that persisted into adulthood. Cd24a + cells gave rise to the dentin-pulp complex, while Pax9 + ones mainly generated periodontal tissues. During development, guided by alveolar bone–derived PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor, B polypeptide), Cd24a + / Pax9 + cells gradually concentrated on the apical region during the crown-to-root transition, collectively migrated and formed dental root. Cell ablation and conditional Wnt knockout notably compromised tooth establishment. Single-cell RNA sequencing, CUT&Tag, and spatial mapping further revealed distinct features of Cd24a + / Pax9 + cells and their cellular organization. Last, the CD24 + / PAX9 + core was also present in human teeth, suggesting it as a conserved developmental program. Together, our work underscores the role of spatially organized dental stem cells in the postnatal establishment of a model mineralized organ in mammals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ce Shan and Wei Wang and Hui Lu and Kun Wang and Tianshu Wang and Ziwei Zhang and Mingxu Li and Yongqiang Chen and Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao and Haoyang Cai and Weidong Tian and Yunqiu Zhang and Bei Li and Zhonghan Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5653}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu5653}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A spatially organized Cd24a+/Pax9+ stem cell core governs postnatal tooth establishment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low-dose radiation by radiopharmaceutical therapy enhances GD2 TRAC-CAR t cell efficacy in localized neuroblastoma. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu4417. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have limited efficacy against solid tumors including neuroblastoma. Here, we evaluated whether low-dose radiation delivered by radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT), known to potentiate immune checkpoint inhibitors, can synergize with CRISPR-edited GD2 TRAC- CAR T cells to improve outcomes in neuroblastoma. We found that in the localized model of neuroblastoma, low-dose radiation delivered by 177 Lu-NM600, an alkylphosphocholine mimetic RPT agent, followed 9 days later by GD2 TRAC- CAR T cells led to complete tumor regression. Irradiation of neuroblastoma before GD2 TRAC- CAR T cells enhanced the release by CAR T cells of perforin, granzyme B, tumor necrosis factor–α, and interleukin-7 while abrogating transforming growth factor–β1. Low-dose RPT up-regulated the death receptor Fas on neuroblastoma, potentially enabling CAR-independent killing. This suggests that low-dose RPT can enhance suboptimal CAR T cell efficacy against solid tumors. However, optimization of radiation dose and timing may be needed for each patient and RPT agent to account for varied tumor radiosensitivity and dosimetry.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quaovi H. Sodji and Amanda Shea and Dan Cappabianca and Matthew H. Forsberg and Jens C. Eickhoff and Malick Bio Idrissou and Andy S. Ollendorff and Ohyun Kwon and Irene M. Ong and Reinier Hernandez and Jamey Weichert and Bryan P. Bednarz and Krishanu Saha and Paul M. Sondel and Christian M. Capitini and Zachary S. Morris}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4417}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu4417}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low-dose radiation by radiopharmaceutical therapy enhances GD2 TRAC-CAR t cell efficacy in localized neuroblastoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Determining sex differences in aortic valve myofibroblast responses to drug combinations identified using a digital medicine platform. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu2695. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a sexually dimorphic disease where aortic valve leaflets develop fibrosis and calcification, leading to heart failure if untreated. Sex differences in AVS progression depend on valvular interstitial cells (VICs) activating to myofibroblasts that drive aberrant extracellular matrix remodeling. To date, no treatment strategies have leveraged cellular sex differences to determine drug combinations that target VIC myofibroblast activation. Here, we harnessed IDentif.AI, an artificial intelligence (AI)–derived platform, to optimize sex-biased synergistic drug combinations that may prevent and reverse VIC myofibroblast activation on hydrogel biomaterials. The results reveal that sex-specific drug response models can be used to predict sex biases in drug efficacy and combinatorial interactions. This study provides a framework for developing AVS treatments through the integration of high-throughput hydrogel cell culture platforms and AI-driven drug optimization. Designing targeted AVS drug combinations may help accelerate AVS drug development and address health disparities in AVS treatment outcomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brandon J. Vogt and Peter Wang and Megan Chavez and Peng Guo and Edward Kai-Hua Chow and Dean Ho and Brian A. Aguado}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2695}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu2695}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Determining sex differences in aortic valve myofibroblast responses to drug combinations identified using a digital medicine platform}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The fe-ni phase diagram and the earth’s inner core structure. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu1998. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Fe-Ni alloy is believed to be the main component of Earth’s core. Yet, a comprehensive understanding of phase equilibria near the melting point of this alloy under core conditions is still lacking, leaving the effect of nickel inconclusive. Using ab initio simulations, we computed Gibbs free energy and phase diagram for liquid and solid solutions of the Fe-Ni alloy under conditions close to the inner core. The Fe-Ni phase diagram provides crucial insights for understanding previous experimental observations and crystallization simulations of the Fe-Ni alloy under core conditions. It also presents complex scenarios for inner core structures, suggesting body-centered cubic (bcc)–liquid coexistence at the inner core boundary and the possibility of multilayer structures consisting of bcc–hexagonal close-packed (hcp) composites within the inner core. Our work clarifies nickel’s substantial impact on the inner core structure, providing additional constraints for studying the core’s composition and formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liangrui Wei and Zepeng Wu and Kai-Ming Ho and Renata M. Wentzcovitch and Yang Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1998}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu1998}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The fe-ni phase diagram and the earth’s inner core structure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hypermultiplexed integrated photonics–based optical tensor processor. SCIADV, 11(23), eadu0228. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The escalating data volume and complexity resulting from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and 5G/6G mobile networks is creating an urgent need for energy-efficient, scalable computing hardware. Here, we demonstrate a hypermultiplexed tensor optical processor that can perform trillions of operations per second using space-time-wavelength three-dimensional optical parallelism, enabling O(N 2 ) operations per clock cycle with O(N) modulator devices. The system is built with wafer-fabricated III/V micrometer-scale lasers and high-speed thin-film lithium niobate electro-optics for encoding at tens of femtojoules per symbol. Lasing threshold incorporates analog inline rectifier (ReLU) nonlinearity for low-latency activation. The system scalability is verified with machine learning models of 405,000 parameters. A combination of high clock rates, energy-efficient processing, and programmability unlocks the potential of light for low-energy AI accelerators for applications ranging from training of large AI models to real-time decision-making in edge deployment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shaoyuan Ou and Kaiwen Xue and Lian Zhou and Chun-ho Lee and Alexander Sludds and Ryan Hamerly and Ke Zhang and Hanke Feng and Yue Yu and Reshma Kopparapu and Eric Zhong and Cheng Wang and Dirk Englund and Mengjie Yu and Zaijun Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0228}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadu0228}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hypermultiplexed integrated photonics–based optical tensor processor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lipid droplet–enriched luminogens enable adoptive macrophage transfer for treatment of bacterial sepsis. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt8376. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response to infection affecting over 30 million people annually, is exacerbated by antibiotic resistance and immune suppression. Here, we report a small luminescent molecule, TPA2PyPh, as a potent antibacterial agent and its potential for lipid droplet–engineered macrophage transfer strategy in treating bacterial sepsis. Engineered macrophages, created by directly incubating TPA2PyPh with macrophages, enabled the luminogen to precisely bind to intracellular lipid droplets. Upon engulfment of bacteria, these TPA2PyPh-loaded macrophages use natural lipid uptake mechanisms to deliver the luminogen to intracellular bacteria, disrupting their membranes and inserting into the bacterial DNA, thereby inducing bacterial elimination. Our findings show that the adoptive transfer of TPA2PyPh-loaded macrophages substantially diminishes bacterial burden in septic mice and substantially reduces mortality rates. This study demonstrates the potential of TPA2PyPh as an effective antibacterial agent and supports the use of adoptive lipid droplet–engineered macrophage transfer as an effective approach for treating sepsis and managing severe infectious diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xianglong Liu and Guobin Qi and Minyang Zhao and Min Li and Bowen Li and Duo Mao and Bin Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8376}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt8376}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lipid droplet–enriched luminogens enable adoptive macrophage transfer for treatment of bacterial sepsis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hyperselective carbon membranes for precise high-temperature h2 and CO2 separation. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt7512. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {More than 90% of the world’s hydrogen (H 2 ) is produced from fossil fuel sources, which requires energy-intensive separation and purification to produce high-purity H 2 fuel and to capture the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by-product. While membranes can decarbonize H 2 /CO 2 separation, their moderate H 2 /CO 2 selectivity requires secondary H 2 purification by pressure swing adsorption. Here, we report hyperselective carbon molecular sieve hollow fiber membranes showing H 2 /CO 2 selectivity exceeding 7000 under mixture permeation at 150°C, which is almost 30 times higher than the most selective nonmetallic membrane reported in the literature. The membrane is able to maintain an ultrahigh H 2 /CO 2 selectivity over 1400 under mixture permeation at 400°C. Pore structure characterization suggests that highly refined ultramicropores are responsible for effectively discriminating the closely sized H 2 and CO 2 molecules in the hyperselective carbon molecular sieve membrane. Modeling shows that the unprecedented H 2 /CO 2 selectivity will potentially allow one-step enrichment of fuel-grade H 2 from shifted syngas for decarbonized H 2 production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gaurav M. Iyer and Ching-En Ku and Chen Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7512}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt7512}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hyperselective carbon membranes for precise high-temperature h2 and CO2 separation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vector atom accelerometry in an optical lattice. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt7480. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two kinds of multidimensional atom interferometers are demonstrated that are capable of measuring both the magnitude and direction of applied inertial forces. These interferometers, built from ultracold Bose-Einstein condensed rubidium atoms, use an original design that operates entirely within the Bloch bands of an optical lattice. Through time-dependent lattice position control, we realize Bloch oscillations in two dimensions and a vector atomic Michelson interferometer. Fits to the observed Bloch oscillations demonstrate the measurement of an applied acceleration of 2 g along two axes, where g is Earth’s gravitational acceleration. For the Michelson interferometer, we perform Bayesian inferencing from a 49-channel output by repeating experiments for two-axis accelerations and demonstrate vector parameter estimation. Accelerations can be measured from single experimental runs and do not require repeated shots to construct a fringe. The performance of our device is near the quantum limit for the interferometer size and quantum detection efficiency of the atoms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Catie LeDesma and Kendall Mehling and Murray Holland}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7480}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt7480}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vector atom accelerometry in an optical lattice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The metabolite itaconate is a transcriptional and posttranslational modulator of plant metabolism, development, and stress response. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt7463. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Itaconate, derived from the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is recognized as a key regulator of the immune response in mammals. Despite this well-characterized role, its presence and functions within plants have remained largely unexplored. Here, we identify itaconate as an endogenous metabolite in maize and Arabidopsis and investigate its impact on development. Itaconate treatment has dose-dependent effects on growth in maize and Arabidopsis seedlings. To characterize the mechanisms responsible for itaconate’s regulation of plant development, we investigated its effects on Arabidopsis roots using analysis of mutants and reporter lines, RNA sequencing, and two forms of protein-metabolite interaction assays. Our results demonstrate that itaconate covalently binds to proteins and substantially influences critical pathways in plants, including central carbon metabolism, phytohormone signaling, and oxidative stress response. This study expands the current understanding of itaconate’s roles beyond the animal kingdom, providing a foundation for further research into its complex functions in plants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tao Zhang and Amman Klair and Ziyao Tang and Abigail Tripka and Shihong Luo and Andres V. Reyes and Jihyeon Lee and Katreena Gundran and Sarah E. Noll and Xuanzhi Wang and Richard N. Zare and Shou-Ling Xu and Adriana Garay-Arroyo and Chu Wang and Alexandra J. Dickinson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7463}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt7463}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The metabolite itaconate is a transcriptional and posttranslational modulator of plant metabolism, development, and stress response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploring the thermodynamics of disordered materials with quantum computing. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt7156. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alloys, solid solutions, and doped systems are essential in technologies such as energy generation and catalysis, but predicting their properties remains challenging because of compositional disorder. As the concentration of components changes in a binary solid solution A ( 1 − x ) B x , the number of possible configurations becomes computationally intractable. Algorithms used in classical optimization methods cannot avoid assessing high-energy states where, for example, simulated annealing is designed to initially spend computational effort. We introduce a scalable, practical, and accurate approach using quantum annealing to efficiently sample low-energy configurations of disordered materials, avoiding the need for excessive high-energy calculations. Our method includes temperature and simulates large unit cells, producing a Boltzmann-like distribution to identify thermodynamically relevant structures. We demonstrate this by predicting bandgap bowing in Al 1 − x Ga x N and bulk modulus variations in Ta 1 − x W x , with results in excellent agreement with experiments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bruno Camino and John Buckeridge and Nicholas Chancellor and C. Richard A. Catlow and Anna Maria Ferrari and Paul A. Warburton and Alexey A. Sokol and Scott M. Woodley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7156}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt7156}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploring the thermodynamics of disordered materials with quantum computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid and reversible fluorescent probe enables repeated snapshot imaging of AMPA receptors during synaptic plasticity. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt6683. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The subcellular localization of neurotransmitter receptors is strictly regulated in neurons. Changes in the trafficking of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)–type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) play an essential role in synaptic plasticity, which is the cellular basis of learning and memory. To explore receptor trafficking, genetically encoded approaches (e.g., the fusion of fluorescent proteins to receptors) are often used. However, concerns remain that genetic approaches cannot fully reproduce the receptor functions that are inherent to neurons. Herein, we report on PFQX1(AF488), a fluorescent probe for the visualization of cell-surface AMPARs without any genetic manipulation to neurons. The rapid and reversible staining features of this probe enabled snapshot imaging, which showed the accumulation of native AMPARs in dendritic spines during synaptic plasticity. Moreover, the mechanism of this synaptic accumulation, for which genetically encoded approaches have given controversial results, was revealed by integrating two chemical methods: PFQX1(AF488) and covalent chemical labeling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kyohei Soga and Takaaki Fujiwara and Mayu Nakagawa and Akihiro Shibata and Hansel Adriel and Kenji Yatsuzuka and Wataru Kakegawa and Michisuke Yuzaki and Itaru Hamachi and Eriko Nango and Shigeki Kiyonaka}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6683}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt6683}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid and reversible fluorescent probe enables repeated snapshot imaging of AMPA receptors during synaptic plasticity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Splenic fibroblastic reticular cells orchestrate dendritic cell maturation and facilitate CD8+ t cell priming and protective memory. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt5939. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are specialized fibroblasts that construct secondary lymphoid organs where they provide crucial signals for immune cell homeostasis and migration. While splenic FRCs are thought to support antiviral T cell responses, their role remains unclear. Here, we found that ablation of splenic FRCs impaired virus-specific CD8 + T cell responses during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. Immunofluorescence imaging revealed that FRCs promote CD8 + T cell clustering with type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) in the T cell zone before migration to the infected marginal zone. Without FRCs, T cells instead clustered with cDC1 and virus-infected cells in the marginal zone, leading to suboptimal priming. Mechanistically, FRCs coordinated early viral replication and the inflammatory milieu for optimal DC activation, and an intact FRC network was crucial for generating effector T cells and maintaining protective memory T cells. Thus, splenic FRCs provide essential lymphoid niches for antiviral T cell responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yannick O. Alexandre and Nikita Potemkin and Dominik Schienstock and Baptiste Duchamp and Annika Poch and Susan N. Christo and Shihan Li and Lei Qin and Lynette Beattie and Daniel T. Utzschneider and Masahiro Ono and Jan Schröder and Laura K. Mackay and Scott N. Mueller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5939}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt5939}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Splenic fibroblastic reticular cells orchestrate dendritic cell maturation and facilitate CD8+ t cell priming and protective memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Predicting therapeutic clinical trial enrollment for adult patients with low- and high-grade glioma using supervised machine learning. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt5708. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Therapeutic clinical trial enrollment does not match glioma incidence across demographics. Traditional statistical methods have identified independent predictors of trial enrollment; however, our understanding of the interactions between these factors remains limited. To test the interactive effects of demographic, socioeconomic, and oncologic variables on trial enrollment, we designed boosted neural networks (BNNs) for all glioma patients ( n = 1042), women ( n = 445, 42.7%), and minorities ( n = 151, 14.5%) and externally validated these models [whole cohort, n = 230; women, n = 89 (38.7%); minority, n = 66 (28.7%)]. For the whole-cohort BNN, the most influential variables on enrollment were oncologic variables, including KPS [total effect (TE), 0.327], chemotherapy (TE, 0.326), tumor location (TE, 0.322), and seizures (TE, 0.239). The women-only BNN exhibited a similar trend. Conversely, for the minority-only BNN, socioeconomic variables [insurance status (TE, 0.213), occupation classification (TE, 0.204), and employment status (TE, 0.150)] were most influential. These results may help prioritize patient-specific initiatives to increase accrual.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mulki Mehari and Gayathri Warrier and Abraham Dada and Aymen Kabir and Aden P. Haskell-Mendoza and Arushi Tripathy and Rohan Jha and Edwin Nieblas-Bedolla and Joshua D. Jackson and Ariel T. Gonzalez and Ellery H. Reason and Ann Marie Flusche and Sheantel Reihl and Tara Dalton and Mikias Negussie and Cesar Nava Gonzales and Vardhaan S. Ambati and Annick Desjardins and Andy G. S. Daniel and Saritha Krishna and Susan Chang and Alyx Porter and Peter E. Fecci and Todd Hollon and Ugonma N. Chukwueke and Kimberly Badal and Annette M. Molinaro and Shawn L. Hervey-Jumper}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5708}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt5708}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Predicting therapeutic clinical trial enrollment for adult patients with low- and high-grade glioma using supervised machine learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A cell-type–specific epigenetic mechanism encodes social investigatory behavior via lrhcn1 and hcn1. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt5400. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Social investigation is a complex behavior essential for understanding the surrounding world and is impaired in some major neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known about whether and, if yes, how social investigation is encoded in a specific type of cortical neurons. Here, we generated a computer vision tool to track social behavior of naïve mice and categorized them as high versus low social states. We integrated a genetically guided TRAP2 strategy with single-cell Ca 2+ image and found that activity dynamics of serotonin receptor 2c (Htr2c)–expressing neurons in the prelimbic cortical layer 5 encode high social states. We uncovered a long noncoding RNA Lrhcn1 that controls Hcn1 transcription and regulates ensemble activity of Htr2c neurons, and this regulation motivates social investigation. Htr2c neurons directly and functionally project to nitric oxide synthase (Nos1) neurons in the hypothalamic nucleus. Gain- and loss-of function studies demonstrated that this projection specifically processes socially conveyed information.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pengwei Qin and Wanting Zhao and Xiaoting Zhou and Yiqing Guo and Lanfang Li and Zhiqiang Liu and Xiya Shen and Chunqing Yang and Xiaomei Tang and Dian Yu and Mengzheng Zhu and Shiping Wu and Long Cheng and Jiahao Yang and Xinyan Li and Hao Li and Ling-Qiang Zhu and Wei Jing and Hui-Yun Du and Dan Liu and Youming Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5400}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt5400}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A cell-type–specific epigenetic mechanism encodes social investigatory behavior via lrhcn1 and hcn1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diverse developmental pathways of lymphoid conventional dendritic cells with distinct tissue distribution and function. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt4909. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) regulate adaptive immunity. Although most cDCs are of myeloid origin (M-cDCs), some cDCs originate from pro–plasmacytoid DCs (pro-pDCs) via pDC-like cells [lymphoid cDCs (L-cDCs)]. Using lymphoid progenitor–tracking systems, we report tissue segregation, a unique differentiation pathway, and the functions of L-cDCs. Notably, L-cDC2s are predominantly distributed in barrier tissues such as the lungs and skin. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed the enrichment of lymphocyte signature genes in L-cDCs. We identified lymphocyte-primed cDC precursors, which are distinct from pDC-like cells, as sources of L-cDCs. Compared with M-cDC2s, L-cDC2s weakly primed T cells under low-dose antigen stimulation and preferentially promoted T helper 2 (T H 2) differentiation under sufficient antigenic stimulation. These results suggest the diverse developmental pathways of L-cDCs and imply the contribution of L-cDCs to tolerance and hyperresponses to T H 2-related antigens in barrier tissues.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Masashi Kanayama and Yuta Izumi and Nobuyuki Onai and Takako Akashi and Yuichi Hiraoka and Toshiaki Ohteki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4909}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt4909}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diverse developmental pathways of lymphoid conventional dendritic cells with distinct tissue distribution and function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Machine reading and recovery of colors for hemoglobin-related bioassays and bioimaging. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt4831. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite advances in machine learning and computer vision for biomedical imaging, machine reading and learning of colors remain underexplored. Color consistency in computer vision, color constancy in human perception, and color accuracy in biomedical imaging are intertwined, complicating digital color–based diagnostics. Existing color reference charts and correction algorithms are inadequate for mobile health (mHealth) and telemedicine in digital health applications where detecting subtle color changes is critical. We present a machine reading and learning platform for color recognition and quantification to extract diagnostic information from colors. A unique combination of spectroscopic gamut determination, reference color optimization, nonsubjective quantification metrics, and neural network–based color recovery retrieves absolute colors of biological tissue. Studies on inflammation bioimaging of photocarcinogenesis and mHealth blood hemoglobin assessment demonstrate accuracy and precision in color recovery across diverse acquisition scenarios. The reported framework overcomes limitations of conventional colorimetric detection, enabling machine-compatible color-based bioassays and bioimaging, advancing digital diagnostics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sang Mok Park and Semin Kwon and Yuhyun Ji and Haripriya Sakthivel and Jung Woo Leem and Yunsang Kwak and Jonathan Huang and George T.-C. Chiu and Andrew R. O’Brien and Raymond L. Konger and Ying Wang and Young L. Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4831}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt4831}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Machine reading and recovery of colors for hemoglobin-related bioassays and bioimaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HDAC7 promotes renal cancer progression by reprogramming branched-chain amino acid metabolism. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt3552. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common subtype of kidney cancer, exhibits notable metabolic reprogramming. We previously reported elevated HDAC7, a class II histone deacetylase, in ccRCC. Here, we demonstrate that HDAC7 promotes aggressive phenotypes and in vivo tumor progression in RCC. HDAC7 suppresses the expression of genes mediating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism. Notably, lower expression of BCAA catabolism genes is strongly associated with worsened survival in ccRCC. Suppression of BCAA catabolism promotes expression of SNAIL1, a central mediator of aggressive phenotypes including migration and invasion. HDAC7-mediated suppression of the BCAA catabolic program promotes SNAI1 messenger RNA transcription via NOTCH signaling activation. Collectively, our findings provide innovative insights into the role of metabolic remodeling in ccRCC tumor progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyeyoung Nam and Anirban Kundu and Suman Karki and Richard L. Kirkman and Darshan S. Chandrashekar and Jeremy B. Foote and Guofang Zhang and Wentao He and Sooryanarayana Varambally and Han-Fei Ding and Sunil Sudarshan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3552}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt3552}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HDAC7 promotes renal cancer progression by reprogramming branched-chain amino acid metabolism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-powered artificial vibrissal system with anemotaxis behavior. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt3068. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anemotaxis behaviors inspired by rats have tremendous potential in efficiently processing perilous search and rescue operations in the physical world, but there is still lack of hardware components that can efficiently sense, encode, and recognize wind signal. Here, we report an artificial vibrissal system consisting of a self-powered carbon black sensor and threshold-switching HfO 2 memristor. By integrating a forming HfO 2 memristor with a self-powered angle-detecting hydro-voltaic sensor, the spiking sensory neuron can synchronously perceive and encode wind, humidity, and temperature signals into spikes with different frequencies. Furthermore, to validate the self-powered artificial vibrissal system with anemotaxis behavior, a robotic car with equipped artificial vibrissal system tracks trajectory toward the air source has been demonstrated. This design not only addresses the high energy consumption and low computing issues of traditional sensory system but also introduces the multimode functionalities, therefore promoting the construction of neuromorphic perception systems for neurorobotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meng Qi and Yanyun Ren and Tao Sun and Runze Xu and Ziyu Lv and Ye Zhou and Su-Ting Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3068}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt3068}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-powered artificial vibrissal system with anemotaxis behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Type II kinase inhibitors that target parkinson’s disease–associated LRRK2. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt2050. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increased kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Numerous LRRK2-selective type I kinase inhibitors have been developed, and some have entered clinical trials. Here, to our knowledge, we present the first type II kinase inhibitors that target LRRK2. Targeting the inactive conformation of LRRK2 is functionally distinct from targeting the active-like conformation using type I inhibitors. We designed these inhibitors with a combinatorial chemistry approach fusing selective LRRK2 type I and promiscuous type II inhibitors using iterative cycles of synthesis supported by structural biology and activity testing. Our lead compounds are selective and potent toward both LRRK2 and LRRK1, a close relative of LRRK2. Through cellular assays, cryo–electron microscopy structural analysis, and in vitro motility assays, we show that our inhibitors stabilize the open, inactive LRRK2 kinase conformation. These new conformation-specific compounds will be invaluable as tools to study LRRK2’s function and regulation and expand the potential therapeutic options for PD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicolai D. Raig and Katherine J. Surridge and Marta Sanz-Murillo and Verena Dederer and Andreas Krämer and Martin P. Schwalm and Nicholas M. Lattal and Lewis Elson and Deep Chatterjee and Sebastian Mathea and Thomas Hanke and Andres E. Leschziner and Samara L. Reck-Peterson and Stefan Knapp}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2050}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt2050}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Type II kinase inhibitors that target parkinson’s disease–associated LRRK2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular basis of the hepatobiliary tropism of typhoid toxin promoting salmonella pathogenicity. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt2040. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Salmonella Typhi assembles and secretes two forms of typhoid toxin by using two receptor-binding subunits, PltB and PltC. Unlike PltB typhoid toxin, little is known about the tropism and functional consequences of PltC typhoid toxin. Here, we report that PltC typhoid toxin has hepatobiliary tropism through the binding of PltC subunit to sulfated glycans on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and gallbladder epithelial cells. Critical bacterial and mammalian cell factors involved are PltC R109 residue and carbohydrate sulfotransferases CHST2/4. One notable effect associated with the hepatobiliary tropism of PltC typhoid toxin is a reduction in bile acids, consequently promoting S. Typhi pathogenicity in infected mice. Similarly, bile acids serve as anti– S. Typhi infectivity agents at the cellular level, as bile acids inhibit invasion of mammalian cells. These findings highlight a distinct mechanism used by a bacterial exotoxin promoting the pathogenicity of the cognate bacteria and offer insights into the development of antivirulence agents against PltC typhoid toxin and/or S. Typhi.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hwa Young Kim and Gi Young Lee and Andrew J. Thompson and Ryan McBride and Dah-Jiun Fu and James C. Paulson and Jeongmin Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2040}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt2040}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular basis of the hepatobiliary tropism of typhoid toxin promoting salmonella pathogenicity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fecal metabolite profiling identifies critically ill patients with increased 30-day mortality. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt1466. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Critically ill patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) have reduced intestinal microbiota diversity and altered microbiome-associated metabolite concentrations. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiota have been associated with survival of patients receiving complex medical treatments and thus might represent a treatable trait to improve clinical outcomes. We prospectively collected fecal specimens, defined microbiome compositions by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and quantified microbiota-derived fecal metabolites by mass spectrometry from 196 critically ill patients admitted to the MICU for non–COVID-19 respiratory failure or shock to correlate microbiota features and metabolites with 30-day mortality. Microbiota compositions of the first fecal sample after MICU admission did not independently associate with 30-day mortality. We developed a metabolic dysbiosis score (MDS) that uses fecal concentrations of 13 microbiota-derived metabolites, which predicted 30-day mortality independent of known confounders. The MDS complements existing tools to identify patients at high risk of mortality by incorporating potentially modifiable, microbiome-related, independent contributors to host resilience.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander P. de Porto and Nicholas P. Dylla and Matthew Stutz and Huaiying Lin and Maryam Khalid and Michael W. Mullowney and Jessica Little and Amber Rose and David Moran and Mary McMillin and Victoria Burgo and Rita Smith and Che Woodson and Carolyn Metcalfe and Ramanujam Ramaswamy and Christopher Lehmann and Matthew Odenwald and Nadeem Bandealy and Jack Zhao and Marie Kim and Emerald Adler and Anitha Sundararajan and Ashley Sidebottom and John P. Kress and Krysta S. Wolfe and Eric G. Pamer and Bhakti K. Patel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1466}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt1466}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fecal metabolite profiling identifies critically ill patients with increased 30-day mortality}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the taiwanese han population. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt0539. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We addressed the underrepresentation of non-European populations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) by building HiGenome, a large-scale genetic resource for the Taiwanese Han population. Using a custom genotyping array, we integrated deidentified electronic medical records (2003 to 2021) with genomic data to enable GWASs, phenome-wide association studies, and polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. Among 413,000 participants, 323,397 passed ancestry and quality control filtering. GWASs covered 1085 traits, focusing on diseases prevalent in Taiwan such as type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, gout, and alcoholic liver damage. PRSs were calculated for 238 traits, with the strongest associations observed in musculoskeletal disorders. Incorporating PRS into clinical practice supports early risk prediction and personalized prevention. To further expand translational value, we also conducted pharmacogenomic analysis and human leukocyte antigen typing. HiGenome offers a large-scale genetic and clinical dataset from the Taiwanese Han population, supporting population-specific analyses and precision medicine development in East Asia. The hospital-based design enables continuous follow-up and longitudinal data expansion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ting-Yuan Liu and Hsing-Fang Lu and Yu-Chia Chen and Chi-Chou Liao and Ying-Ju Lin and Jai-Sing Yang and Wen-Ling Liao and Wei-De Lin and Shih-Yin Chen and Yu-Chuen Huang and Wei-Yong Lin and Yu-Huei Liu and Kai-Cheng Hsu and Shih-Sheng Chang and Hong-Da Chen and Yu-Pao Chou and Jan-Gowth Chang and Chung-Hsing Wang and Chwen-Tzuei Chang and Chung-Ming Huang and Kai-Jieh Yeo and Tzu-Yuan Wang and Chin-Chung Yeh and Jiunn-Horng Chen and Chi-Ping Huang and Hsueh-Chou Lai and Rong-Hsing Chen and Hui-Ju Lin and Po-Yuan Wu and Jiu-Yao Wang and Chin-Chi Kuo and Der-Yang Cho and Chang-Hai Tsai and Fuu-Jen Tsai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0539}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt0539}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the taiwanese han population}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The most energetic transients: Tidal disruptions of high-mass stars. SCIADV, 11(23), eadt0074. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We present the class of extreme nuclear transients (ENTs), including the most energetic single transient yet found, Gaia18cdj. Each ENT is coincident with its host-galaxy nucleus and exhibits a smooth (<10% excess variability), luminous (2 × 10 45 to 7 × 10 45 erg per second), and long-lived (>150 days) flare. ENTs are extremely rare (≥1 × 10 –3 cubic gigaparsec per year) compared to any other known class of transients. They are at least twice as energetic (0.5 × 10 53 to 2.5 × 10 53 erg) as any other known transient, ruling out supernova origins. Instead, the high peak luminosities, long flare timescales, and immense radiated energies of the ENTs are most consistent with the tidal disruption of high-mass ( ≳ 3 M ⊙ ) stars by massive ( ≳ 10 8 M ⊙ ) supermassive black holes (SMBHs). ENTs will be visible to high redshifts ( z ~ 4 to 6) in upcoming surveys, providing an avenue to study the high-mass end of the SMBH mass distribution, complementing recent studies of actively accreting SMBHs at high redshifts with the James Webb Space Telescope.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jason T. Hinkle and Benjamin J. Shappee and Katie Auchettl and Christopher S. Kochanek and Jack M. M. Neustadt and Abigail Polin and Jay Strader and Thomas W.-S. Holoien and Mark E. Huber and Michael A. Tucker and Christopher Ashall and Thomas de Jaeger and Dhvanil D. Desai and Aaron Do and Willem B. Hoogendam and Anna V. Payne}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0074}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadt0074}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The most energetic transients: Tidal disruptions of high-mass stars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hollow-core fiber made of ultralow expansion glass: Toward the ultimate stability for room-temperature fiber optics. SCIADV, 11(23), eads7529. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical fibers have revolutionized many fields including communications, sensing, and manufacturing. Better performance and further applications are expected from emerging hollow-core fibers (HCFs) in which light propagates through a central void. Such propagation eliminates most of the light-glass interaction responsible for most of the transmission impairments in current optical fibers. However, impairments resulting from glass elongation that make the phase and the propagation time of guided light change with external temperature remain even in HCFs. Here, we demonstrate an HCF made from an ultralow expansion glass that exhibits a three orders of magnitude lower coefficient of thermal delay than traditional fibers. This performance, added to the other unique properties of HCFs, opens the door to ultrastable fiber–based applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meng Ding and Ian A. Davidson and Gregory Jasion and Bo Shi and John R. Hayes and Peter C. Schultz and David J. Richardson and Francesco Poletti and Radan Slavík}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7529}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads7529}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hollow-core fiber made of ultralow expansion glass: Toward the ultimate stability for room-temperature fiber optics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CoREST in pieces: Dismantling the CoREST complex for cancer therapy and beyond. SCIADV, 11(23), eads6556. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several landmark studies over the past decade have uncovered a critical role of the CRL3 KBTBD4 ubiquitin ligase complex in regulating stability of corepressor of repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor (CoREST) complex proteins and normal hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. There is now mounting evidence that the CoREST complex plays oncogenic roles, although the contributions of its catalytic versus noncatalytic functions remain unclear. Here, we summarize and discuss mechanisms whereby the CoREST complex coopts tissue-specific transcription factors to elicit pathogenic activity in cancer and neurodegenerative disease. We also identify tumor types with selective dependencies on the scaffolding properties of the CoREST complex. We argue that these tumor types may benefit from a KBTBD4-activating/CoREST complex degrader therapy, which could also enhance antitumor immunity and sensitize resistant tumors to immunotherapy. Overall, understanding how the CoREST complex operates abnormally and differences between its targeting through catalytic inhibitors or protein degraders will help discern all possible applications for targeting therapies now in clinical development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Houssam Ismail and Jalila Chagraoui and Guy Sauvageau}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6556}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads6556}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CoREST in pieces: Dismantling the CoREST complex for cancer therapy and beyond}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioceramics-enhanced patch activates epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via notch pathway for cardiac repair. SCIADV, 11(23), eads5978. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Engineered cardiac patches (ECPs) introduced functional factors that offer a promising strategy for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). Silicate bioceramics have received widespread attention because of their great potential in the tissue repair field. Inspired by the biological functions of inorganic ions on the cardiovascular system, we prepared an ECP containing lithium magnesium silicon bioceramics (LMS) particles. The release of multiple bioactive ions from LMS-containing ECPs could facilitate the functionalization and intercellular communication between cardiomyocytes (CMs). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the LMS-containing ECPs could promote epicardial cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the Notch pathway and paracrine, which efficiently repaired damaged CMs. In vivo, the regenerative microenvironment induced by LMS-containing ECPs restored normal electrical impulse propagation across scar tissue, activated islands of surviving myocardium, and improved cardiac function. Overall, this study constructed a bioceramics-enhanced ECP, which could promote cardiac repair by activating epicardial EMT, providing a promising strategy for MI repair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengbin Ding and Chen Qin and Yan Sun and Yueyang Liu and Guofeng Tang and Zhibin Liao and Chaoran Zhao and Chengtie Wu and Leyu Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5978}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads5978}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioceramics-enhanced patch activates epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via notch pathway for cardiac repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The pioneer transcription factor zelda controls the exit from regeneration and restoration of patterning in drosophila. SCIADV, 11(23), eads5743. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many animals can regenerate tissues after injury. While the initiation of regeneration has been studied extensively, how the damage response ends and normal gene expression returns is unclear. We found that in Drosophila wing imaginal discs, the pioneer transcription factor Zelda controls the exit from regeneration and return to normal gene expression. Optogenetic inactivation of Zelda during regeneration disrupted patterning, induced cell fate errors, and caused morphological defects yet had no effect on normal wing development. Using Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease, we identified targets of Zelda important for the end of regeneration, including genes that control wing margin and vein specification, compartment identity, and cell adhesion. We also found that GAGA factor and Fork head similarly coordinate patterning after regeneration and that chromatin regions bound by Zelda increase in accessibility during regeneration. Thus, Zelda orchestrates the transition from regeneration to normal gene expression, highlighting a fundamental difference between developmental and regeneration patterning in the wing disc.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anish Bose and Keaton Schuster and Chandril Kodali and Surabhi Sonam and Rachel K. Smith-Bolton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5743}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads5743}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The pioneer transcription factor zelda controls the exit from regeneration and restoration of patterning in drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The SH protein of mumps virus is a druggable pentameric viroporin. SCIADV, 11(23), eads3071. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viral infections are on the rise and drugs targeting viral proteins are needed. Viroporins constitute a growing group of virus-encoded transmembrane oligomeric proteins that allow passage of small molecules across the membrane. Despite sparsity in viroporin structures, recent work has revealed diversity in both the number of transmembrane helices and oligomeric states. Here, we provide evidence that the small hydrophobic protein (SH) from mumps virus is a pentameric viroporin. From extensive biophysical data, a HADDOCK model of full-length SH shows its intracellular C-terminal region to form an extended structure crucial to stabilization of the pentamer. Heterologous expression of wild-type SH and variants in Xenopus laevis oocytes reveals the viroporin as a chloride channel, with transport facilitated by conserved hydroxyl-carrying residues lining the pore. The channel function of SH is inhibited by the small-molecule BIT225, highlighting the potential for antiviral targeting through SH.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kira Devantier and Trine L. Toft-Bertelsen and Andreas Prestel and Viktoria M. S. Kjær and Cagla Sahin and Marco Giulini and Stavroula Louka and Katja Spiess and Asmita Manandhar and Katrine Qvortrup and Trond Ulven and Bo H. Bentzen and Alexandre MJJ Bonvin and Nanna MacAulay and Birthe B. Kragelund and Mette M. Rosenkilde}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3071}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads3071}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The SH protein of mumps virus is a druggable pentameric viroporin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reduced DJ-1-F1Fo ATP synthase association correlates with midbrain dopaminergic neuron vulnerability in idiopathic parkinson’s disease. SCIADV, 11(23), eads3051. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Disruption in neuronal and synaptic metabolic homeostasis is a key driver of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mitochondrial activity, biomass, and efficiency are critical to this balance. While activity and biomass are well characterized in PD pathology, mitochondrial metabolic efficiency remains insufficiently explored. Our previous studies showed that the protein product of PD-associated gene DJ-1 modulates metabolic efficiency through its interaction with the F1Fo-ATP-synthase β subunit (β-sub). Here, using proximity ligation assay (PLA), we compared mitochondrial DJ-1-β-sub association in distinct mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neuronal subpopulations and their intracellular compartments of PD and control postmortem brains. In PD brains, DJ-1-β-sub-PLA was lower than control in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) somata and neurites but unchanged in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons. In PD and control cases, the PLA signal was reduced in distal neurites of SNpc compared to VTA neurons. These intracellular and region-specific differences suggest that impaired mitochondrial efficiency may contribute to the differential vulnerability of mesDA neurons in PD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amina Abulimiti and Haesoo Bae and Anwaar Ali and Shanmuganathan Balakrishnan and Minou Tsujishita and Djordje Gveric and Travis S. Tierney and Elizabeth A. Jonas and Peter J. S. Smith and Steve M. Gentleman and Kambiz N. Alavian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3051}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads3051}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reduced DJ-1-F1Fo ATP synthase association correlates with midbrain dopaminergic neuron vulnerability in idiopathic parkinson’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diversity and complexity of auditory representation in the hearing systems of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. SCIADV, 11(23), eads2689. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although low-frequency sounds have been reported to stimulate dispersal responses in male and female mosquitoes, only males show attraction to sound. Male attraction to female flight tones is important during courtship; however, groups of males show diverse responses to acoustic stimuli, suggesting that auditory processing can vary drastically between the sexes and individual males. To investigate diversity in auditory representation within and between the sexes, we used molecular and functional analyses to explore Aedes aegypti mosquito auditory processing. We identified shared and dimorphic neurons connecting mosquito ears to the brains’ primary auditory processing center. Calcium imaging from this brain region facilitated definition of multiple neuronal clusters based on auditory stimulation responses. More clusters with greater complexity were identified in males than females, with these clusters highly differentiated among males. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses found enrichment of ciliary-related factors in male ears compared to females, potentially underlying sexual dimorphisms in hearing systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takuro S. Ohashi and Yifeng Y. J. Xu and Shunsuke Shigaki and Yukiko Nakamura and Tai-Ting Lee and YuMin M. Loh and Emi Mishiro-Sato and Daniel F. Eberl and Matthew P. Su and Azusa Kamikouchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2689}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads2689}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diversity and complexity of auditory representation in the hearing systems of aedes aegypti mosquitoes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemokines kill bacteria without triggering antimicrobial resistance by binding anionic phospholipids. SCIADV, 11(23), eads2675. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Classically, chemokines coordinate leukocyte trafficking; however, many chemokines also have direct antibacterial activity. The bacterial killing mechanism of chemokines and the biochemical properties that define which members of the chemokine superfamily are antimicrobial remain poorly understood. We report that the antimicrobial activity of chemokines is defined by their ability to bind phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, two anionic phospholipids commonly found in the bacterial plasma membrane. We show that only chemokines able to bind these two phospholipids kill bacteria and that they exert rapid bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects with a higher potency than the antimicrobial peptide β-defensin 3. Both biochemical and genetic interference with the chemokine-cardiolipin interaction impaired microbial growth arrest, bacterial killing, and membrane disruption by chemokines. Moreover, unlike conventional antibiotics, Escherichia coli failed to develop resistance when placed under increasing antimicrobial chemokine pressure in vitro. Thus, we have identified cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol as binding partners for chemokines responsible for chemokine antimicrobial action.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sergio M. Pontejo and Sophia Martinez and Allison Zhao and Kevin Barnes and Jaime de Anda and Haleh Alimohamadi and Ernest Y. Lee and Acacia F. Dishman and Brian F. Volkman and Gerard C. L. Wong and David N. Garboczi and Angela Ballesteros and Philip M. Murphy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2675}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads2675}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemokines kill bacteria without triggering antimicrobial resistance by binding anionic phospholipids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Subpolar north atlantic cooling reinforced by colder, drier atmosphere with a weakening atlantic meridional overturning circulation. SCIADV, 11(23), eads1624. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In contrast to global warming, the subpolar North Atlantic has experienced long-term cooling throughout the 20th century. This cooling, known as the North Atlantic cold blob, has been hypothesized to arise from reduced poleward oceanic heat transport associated with a slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Here, by diagnosing historical simulations from multiple coupled climate models, we find that ocean heat transport is not the only pathway through which the AMOC modulates sea surface temperature variability. A weakened AMOC is also associated with colder, drier lower atmospheric conditions, which lead to a reduction in surface warming expected from increasing amounts of heat-trapping gases by reducing downward clear-sky longwave radiation at the surface. This radiative pathway and the oceanic processes contribute equally to the North Atlantic cold blob. These results highlight the importance of the AMOC’s impact on atmospheric properties and their radiative effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifei Fan and Duo Chan and Eugene E. Clothiaux and Pengfei Zhang and Laifang Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1624}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads1624}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Subpolar north atlantic cooling reinforced by colder, drier atmosphere with a weakening atlantic meridional overturning circulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chaperone-mediated heterotypic phase separation regulates liquid-to-solid phase transitions of tau into amyloid fibrils. SCIADV, 11(23), eads1241. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biomolecular condensates formed via phase separation of proteins, and nucleic acids regulate crucial cellular processes. However, such liquid-like membraneless bodies can undergo aberrant liquid-to-solid transitions into amyloid-like pathological species, which necessitates their efficient clearance by the cellular protein quality control machinery comprising molecular chaperones. We present a unique case to demonstrate that a heat shock protein 40 (Ydj1) promotes the heterotypic phase separation of intrinsically disordered tau via a multitude of interactions. Using multicolor imaging, time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy, vibrational Raman spectroscopy, and single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer, we unmask the crucial molecular events associated with heterotypic phase separation of tau. We show that the presence of Ydj1 within condensates abolishes phase transitions into amyloids, unlike tau-only droplets that spontaneously mature into amyloid fibrils. We identify the amyloidogenic hexapeptide motifs located in the hydrophobic microtubule-binding region of tau that interacts with the peptide-binding regions of Ydj1 promoting tau-Ydj1 condensate formation. Our results provide mechanistic underpinnings of condensate-mediated protein homeostasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sandeep K. Rai and Roopali Khanna and Anusha Sarbahi and Ashish Joshi and Samrat Mukhopadhyay}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1241}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads1241}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chaperone-mediated heterotypic phase separation regulates liquid-to-solid phase transitions of tau into amyloid fibrils}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Satellites reveal hot spots of ocean changes in the early 21st century. SCIADV, 11(23), eads0307. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ocean change leaves a potentially important imprint on ocean colorimetry. Here, we present an overview and current evaluation of the global ocean color variability from 1998 to 2022, and satellites observe that 36% of oceans (~122 million square kilometers, derived from valid observations) have experienced changes ( P < 0.1). In this context, 25% of the area (formerly blue hue) is turning light blue or green, while the remaining 11% becomes bluer, mainly concentrating in the low-latitude oceans. This study further identifies a “direct” notable impact of both sea surface temperature (SST) and climate on ocean colorimetry tendency and anomaly, especially in the low-latitude oceans. Extreme SST events cause “distinct” ocean colorimetry anomalies, although 94% of cases involve relatively small SST fluctuations. Causal analysis reveals important impacts of climate change on equatorial ocean dynamics, particularly ENSO events. Our findings prove the low-latitude oceans as one of the core changing regions that respond to climate change in the early 21st century.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenghao Li and Deyong Sun and Shengqiang Wang and Yu Huan and Hailong Zhang and Yijun He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0307}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eads0307}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Satellites reveal hot spots of ocean changes in the early 21st century}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adolescent maturation of cortical excitation-inhibition ratio based on individualized biophysical network modeling. SCIADV, 11(23), eadr8164. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The excitation-inhibition ratio is a key functional property of cortical microcircuits which changes throughout an individual’s lifespan. Adolescence is considered a critical period for maturation of excitation-inhibition ratio. This has primarily been observed in animal studies. However, there is limited human in vivo evidence for maturation of excitation-inhibition ratio at the individual level. Here, we developed an individualized in vivo marker of regional excitation-inhibition ratio in human adolescents, estimated using large-scale simulations of biophysical network models fitted to resting-state functional imaging data from both cross-sectional ( n = 752) and longitudinal ( n = 149) cohorts. In both datasets, we found a widespread decrease in excitation-inhibition ratio in association areas, paralleled by an increase or lack of change in sensorimotor areas. This developmental pattern was aligned with multiscale markers of sensorimotor-association differentiation. Although our main findings were robust across alternative modeling configurations, we observed local variations, highlighting the importance of methodological choices for future studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amin Saberi and Kevin J. Wischnewski and Kyesam Jung and Leon D. Lotter and H. Lina Schaare and Tobias Banaschewski and Gareth J. Barker and Arun L. W. Bokde and Sylvane Desrivières and Herta Flor and Antoine Grigis and Hugh Garavan and Penny Gowland and Andreas Heinz and Rüdiger Brühl and Jean-Luc Martinot and Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot and Eric Artiges and Frauke Nees and Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos and Herve Lemaitre and Luise Poustka and Sarah Hohmann and Nathalie Holz and Christian Baeuchl and Michael N. Smolka and Nilakshi Vaidya and Henrik Walter and Robert Whelan and Gunter Schumann and IMAGEN Consortium and Tomáš Paus and Juergen Dukart and Boris C. Bernhardt and Oleksandr V. Popovych and Simon B. Eickhoff and Sofie L. Valk}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8164}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadr8164}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adolescent maturation of cortical excitation-inhibition ratio based on individualized biophysical network modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetic brightening and its dynamics of defect-localized exciton emission in monolayer two-dimensional semiconductor. SCIADV, 11(23), eadr5562. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum light sources, especially single-photon emitters, are crucial for advancing quantum technologies. Despite extensive research, the behavior of defect-localized excitons in monolayer WSe 2 under external perturbations, such as magnetic fields, remain underexplored. This study investigates the nature and dynamics of defect-localized excitons under in-plane magnetic fields using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Observations reveal a sharp PL peak, indicative of single-photon emission, with doublet peaks from hybridized spin–state excitons. Notably, magnetic brightening of the PL peak was detected at a low magnetic field (<1 tesla), and the dynamics of hybridized-state excitons under magnetic fields indicated field-induced state mixing, explaining the magnetic brightening. These findings advance tunable single-photon emitters controlled by magnetic fields, with implications for quantum optics applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yubei Xiang and Keisuke Shinokita and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Kazunari Matsuda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5562}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadr5562}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetic brightening and its dynamics of defect-localized exciton emission in monolayer two-dimensional semiconductor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anthropogenic climate change will likely outpace coral range expansion. SCIADV, 11(23), eadr2545. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Past coral range expansions suggest that high-latitude environments may serve as refugia, potentially buffering coral biodiversity loss due to climate change. We explore this possibility for corals globally, using a dynamic metacommunity model incorporating temperature, photosynthetically available radiation, pH, and four distinct, interacting coral assemblages. This model reasonably reproduces the observed distribution and recent decline of corals across the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean. Our simulations suggest that there is a mismatch between the timescales of coral reef decline and range expansion under future predicted climate change. Whereas the most severe declines in coral cover will likely occur within 40 to 80 years, large-scale coral reef expansion requires centuries. The absence of large-scale coral refugia in the face of rapid anthropogenic climate change emphasizes the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate nonthermal stressors for corals, both in the tropics and in higher latitudes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Noam S. Vogt-Vincent and James M. Pringle and Christopher E. Cornwall and Lisa C. McManus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2545}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadr2545}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anthropogenic climate change will likely outpace coral range expansion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Personalized deep neural networks reveal mechanisms of math learning disabilities in children. SCIADV, 11(23), eadq9990. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Learning disabilities affect a substantial proportion of children worldwide, with far-reaching consequences for their academic, professional, and personal lives. Here we develop digital twins—biologically plausible personalized deep neural networks (pDNNs)—to investigate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying learning disabilities in children. Our pDNN reproduces behavioral and neural activity patterns observed in affected children, including lower performance accuracy, slower learning rates, neural hyperexcitability, and reduced neural differentiation of numerical problems. Crucially, pDNN models reveal aberrancies in the geometry of manifold structure, providing a comprehensive view of how neural excitability influences both learning performance and the internal structure of neural representations. Our findings not only advance knowledge of the neurophysiological underpinnings of learning differences but also open avenues for targeted, personalized strategies designed to bridge cognitive gaps in affected children. This work reveals the power of digital twins integrating artificial intelligence and neuroscience to uncover mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anthony Strock and Percy K. Mistry and Vinod Menon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9990}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadq9990}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Personalized deep neural networks reveal mechanisms of math learning disabilities in children}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Subduction-like process in europa’s ice shell triggered by enhanced eccentricity periods. SCIADV, 11(23), eadq8719. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Jupiter’s icy moon Europa has a liquid water ocean beneath the ice shell and a geologically young surface, both related to extensive tidal processes. Interlaced by tectonic faults, the surface records convergent motions that induced crustal disappearance in some areas. Subduction has been advocated as an explanation; however, its driving mechanism still remains unexplained. We perform numerical simulations to test under what conditions may lateral compression initiate subduction in Europa’s ice shell. We demonstrate that subduction-like recycling can occur only for shells of thickness ≲ 10 kilometers, transporting the surface ice into the subsurface ocean. We further show that compression large enough to initiate subduction-like behavior in a thin shell is achieved during brief periods of enhanced eccentricity, implying increased hydrothermal activity at the seafloor. Together with the subduction-like transport of surface oxidants, such conjunction should favor chemical disequilibria in the ocean, increasing its astrobiological potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Martin Kihoulou and Gaël Choblet and Gabriel Tobie and Klára Kalousová and Ondřej Čadek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8719}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadq8719}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Subduction-like process in europa’s ice shell triggered by enhanced eccentricity periods}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Three-dimensional cell-cell interactions promote direct reprogramming of patient fibroblasts into functional and transplantable neurons. SCIADV, 11(23), eadq7855. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neurons (iNs) has become an attractive strategy for the generation of patient-specific neurons for disease modeling and regenerative neuroscience. To this end, adult human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) present one of the most relevant cell sources. However, iNs generated from adult hDFs using two-dimensional cultures are difficult to maintain in vitro and face challenges in survival upon transplantation into the adult brain, thus imposing constraints on biomedical applications of iN technology. Here, we present a platform for direct in vitro reprogramming of adult hDFs inside three-dimensional suspension microcultures (3D-iNs). We show that the 3D environment favors neuronal over fibroblast cellular identity to yield more robust conversion into functional neurons with extended culturing span. The 3D reprogramming approach also provides a platform for fusion into induced assembloids. 3D-iNs can be gently harvested and transplanted into the adult rodent brain to reproducibly generate neuron-rich grafts, thus eliminating a major bottleneck in the direct reprogramming field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Janko Kajtez and Kerstin Laurin and Fredrik Nilsson and Andreas Bruzelius and Efrain Cepeda-Prado and Marcella Birtele and Roger A. Barker and Freja Herborg and Daniella Rylander Ottosson and Petter Storm and Alessandro Fiorenzano and Mette Habekost and Malin Parmar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7855}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadq7855}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Three-dimensional cell-cell interactions promote direct reprogramming of patient fibroblasts into functional and transplantable neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling the link between phytoplankton molecular physiology and biogeochemical cycling via genome-scale modeling. SCIADV, 11(23), eadq3593. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth system models (ESMs) highly simplify their representation of biological processes, leading to major uncertainty in the impacts of climate change. Despite a growing understanding of molecular networks from genomic data, describing how changing phytoplankton physiology affects biogeochemical processes remains elusive. Here, we embed genome-scale models within a state-of-the-art ESM to deliver an integrated understanding of how gradients of nutrients modulate the molecular physiology of various plankton. In particular, when applied to Prochlorococcus , we find that glycogen and lipid management can be interpreted in terms of acclimation to different environments. Generalized to other phytoplankton such as the diatom Thalassiosira , we estimate the production of 39 metabolites that constitute hot spots of dissolved organic carbon described by their amount of carbon produced and their diversity of associated metabolites in ESMs. This modeling approach shows how genome scale–enabled ESMs have the potential to advance our understanding of microbial ecosystem functioning in ocean biogeochemical processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Antoine Régimbeau and Olivier Aumont and Chris Bowler and Lionel Guidi and George A. Jackson and Eric Karsenti and Laurent Memery and Alessandro Tagliabue and Damien Eveillard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3593}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadq3593}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling the link between phytoplankton molecular physiology and biogeochemical cycling via genome-scale modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vimentin network dysregulation mediates neurite deficits in SNCA duplication parkinson’s patient–derived midbrain neurons. SCIADV, 11(23), eadq2742. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Duplication of the SNCA gene ( SNCA Dupl ), linked to elevated levels of α-synuclein (aSyn), is a genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our prior work with human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)–derived midbrain neurons generated from patients with PD SNCA Dupl identified neuritic deficits, accompanied by decreased levels of cytoskeletal element β-tubulin-III (bTubIII). To explore mechanisms underlying these effects in SNCA Dupl neurons, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate isogenic control hiPSCs. Isogenic correction of SNCA dosage restored SNCA Dupl -induced neurite defects and bTubIII levels. Multi-omics analyses revealed SNCA Dupl -induced alterations in neuronal differentiation, with a notable down-regulation of PAX6. Moreover, SNCA Dupl induced an up-regulation of vimentin. Further characterization revealed heightened vimentin truncation associated with altered distribution and organization. Similar changes in vimentin levels and truncation were observed in postmortem putamen tissue from patients with sporadic PD. Notably, targeting vimentin with okadaic acid and withaferin A restored bTubIII- and neurite-associated defects, suggesting its potential to prevent aSyn-mediated neuritic degeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanni Schneider and Aron Koller and Alina Schweigert and Marie Andert and Laura Hoffmann and Sydney O’Brien and Lukas Seebauer and Sonja Plötz and Pavel Kielkowski and Jürgen Winkler and Johannes C. M. Schlachetzki and Wei Xiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2742}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eadq2742}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vimentin network dysregulation mediates neurite deficits in SNCA duplication parkinson’s patient–derived midbrain neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tropical cyclones drive oxygen minimum zone shoaling and simultaneously alter organic matter production. SCIADV, 11(23), eado8335. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tropical cyclones regularly form above the ocean’s largest subsurface oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean (ETNP), yet how these powerful storms affect this biogeochemically important region remains unknown. We captured multiple direct and potentially interactive oceanographic effects of a Category 4 hurricane (Bud) during a 2018 research cruise in the ETNP. Profiles and samples collected directly beneath Bud’s wake revealed rapid OMZ shoaling of 29 to 50 meters, reaching depths as shallow as 41 meters. Untargeted mass spectrometry–based characterization of organic matter, along with elevated particulate organic carbon and chlorophyll concentrations, demonstrated production and accumulation of distinct organic compounds—including phytoplankton biomarkers—within a hurricane-generated phytoplankton bloom. 16 S rRNA transcripts from active microbes were dominated by degraders of phytoplankton-derived organic matter near the surface and by anaerobic bacteria (including sulfate-reducing bacteria) within the shoaled OMZ—indicating rapid microbial responses. Tropical cyclones therefore severely disrupt OMZ biogeochemistry through vertical OMZ expansion and altered carbon cycling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brandon M. Genco and Margot E. White and Irina Koester and Sonia M. Vargas and Jaclyn K. Saunders and Daniel Petras and Mak A. Saito and José Q. García-Maldonado and Pieter C. Dorrestein and Lihini I. Aluwihare and J. Michael Beman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado8335}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {6}, number = {23}, pages = {eado8335}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tropical cyclones drive oxygen minimum zone shoaling and simultaneously alter organic matter production}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Misinformation research continues to be urgent science. SCIADV, 11(22), eady9839. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {By one account, roughly 70% of Americans regard misinformation as a major threat, outpacing fears about climate change and infectious disease (1). This is true although the current and longer-term impacts of climate change are so clear and destructive. It is true even following the deaths of millions from COVID. Concern for misinformation surpasses these other crises, making it clear that Americans perceive misinformation as a dire, perhaps even existential threat.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ethan Porter and Aaron Shaw and Emma S. Spiro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady9839}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eady9839}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Misinformation research continues to be urgent science}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Rational polyelectrolyte nanoparticles endow preosteoclast-targeted siRNA transfection for anabolic therapy of osteoporosis” by z. zhang et al.. SCIADV, 11(22), eady8028. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the original version of the Research Article “Rational polyelectrolyte nanoparticles endow preosteoclast-targeted siRNA transfection for anabolic therapy of osteoporosis” by Z. Zhang et al., the photomicrograph in Fig. 5F representing the “*NP2-siNC” experimental cohort was inadvertently duplicated in the “NC” group. The photomicrograph depicting the “NP2-siDcstamp” condition also exhibited unwarranted replication within the “*NP2-siDcstamp” panel, and the scale bar required amendment from “100 μm” to “25 μm.” Additionally, in Fig. 4C, imagery representing the “*NP2-siNC” experimental condition was mistakenly presented as the “NC” group.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady8028}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eady8028}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Rational polyelectrolyte nanoparticles endow preosteoclast-targeted siRNA transfection for anabolic therapy of osteoporosis” by z. zhang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coding principles of dopaminergic transmission modes. SCIADV, 11(22), eadx6367. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dopaminergic neurons influence diverse behaviors with varied firing patterns, yet the precise mechanisms remain unclear. We introduce a multiplexed genetically encoded sensor–based imaging and voltammetry method to simultaneously record synaptic, perisynaptic, and extrasynaptic dopaminergic transmission at mouse central neurons. Using this method alongside a genetically encoded sensor–based image analysis program, we found that heterogeneous dopaminergic firing patterns create various transmission modes, encoding frequency, number, and synchrony of firing pulses using neurotransmitter quantity, releasing synapse count, and synaptic and/or volume transmission. Under both tonic and low-frequency phasic activities, transporters effectively reuptake dopamine at perisynaptic sites, confining dopamine within synaptic clefts to mediate synaptic transmission. In contrast, under high-frequency, particularly synchronized firing activity or transporter inhibition, released dopamine may overwhelm transporters, escaping from synaptic clefts via one to three outlet channels, triggering volume transmission. Our study illuminates a collaborative mechanism of synaptic enclosures, properties, and transporters that defines the coding principles of activity pattern–dependent dopaminergic transmission modes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Limeng Huang and Yuanyu Chang and Zhipeng Yang and Wendy J. Lynch and B. Jill Venton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6367}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadx6367}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coding principles of dopaminergic transmission modes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Predicting three-component reaction outcomes from ~40,000 miniaturized reactant combinations. SCIADV, 11(22), eadw6047. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Efficient drug discovery depends on reliable synthetic access to candidate molecules, but emerging machine learning approaches to predicting reaction outcomes are hampered by poor availability of high-quality data. Here, we demonstrate an on-demand synthesis platform based on a three-component reaction that delivers drug-like molecules. Miniaturization and automation enable the execution and analysis of 50,000 distinct reactions on a 3-microliter scale from 193 different substrates, producing the largest public reaction outcome dataset. With machine learning, we accurately predict the result of unknown reactions and analyze the impact of dataset size on model training, both enabling accurate outcome predictions even for unseen reactants and providing a sufficiently large dataset to critically evaluate emerging machine learning approaches to chemical reactivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julian Götz and Euan Richards and Iain A. Stepek and Yu Takahashi and Yi-Lin Huang and Louis Bertschi and Bertran Rubi and Jeffrey W. Bode}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6047}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadw6047}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Predicting three-component reaction outcomes from ~40,000 miniaturized reactant combinations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric dearomatizative arylation of indoles and benzofurans. SCIADV, 11(22), eadw4471. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Indoles represent one of the most robust and synthetically versatile classes of heteroaromatic compounds. However, the stereoselective conversion of planar indole rings into three-dimensional indoline skeletons bearing multiple stereogenic centers remains a persistent challenge in organic synthesis. Herein, we describe an intermolecular catalytic asymmetric dearomatization of simple indoles via a palladium-catalyzed three-component cross-coupling reaction. By using readily accessible diazonium salts and aromatic boronic acids as arylative reagents under a ligand-swap strategy, this method enables the efficient construction of 2,3-diarylated indolines. Mechanistic studies reveal that the chiral BiOx ligand governs the highly stereoselective migratory insertion of the aryl-palladium intermediate into the indole’s C═C double bond with complete diastereo- and regioselectivity, whereas the achiral fumarate ligand facilitates the reductive elimination step, as corroborated by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, this protocol is extended to the dearomative diarylation of benzofurans, affording chiral 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives with high stereocontrol.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Xi and Youzhi Xu and Linlin Fan and Chenchen Wang and Tingting Xia and Genping Huang and Jingping Qu and Yifeng Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4471}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadw4471}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric dearomatizative arylation of indoles and benzofurans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pan-pacific low-frequency modes of sea level and climate variability. SCIADV, 11(22), eadw3661. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tide gauges provide a long observational record that can inform the nature of satellite-era basin-scale sea level trends. However, common signals must be extracted from geographically sparse records. Here, by applying low-frequency component analysis (LFCA) to tide gauge records and surface climate reconstructions, we isolate three coherent modes of Pacific Ocean variability that we ascribe to: a secular, greenhouse gas–driven climate change (LFC1); a nonlinear mode of variability with a reversal around 1980, potentially linked to aerosols (LFC2); and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (LFC3). Although sea level trend patterns reflect the superimposed contribution of all modes, satellite-era trends are dominated by an increasing phase of LFC2: They are thus potentially unrepresentative of both longer-term historical patterns and those expected in the future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christopher M. Little and Stephen G. Yeager and John T. Fasullo and Kristopher B. Karnauskas and Robert S. Nerem and Nishchitha S. Etige}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3661}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadw3661}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pan-pacific low-frequency modes of sea level and climate variability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tempo of the late ordovician mass extinction controlled by the rate of climate change. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv6788. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) included two phases (I and II) of high species turnover that have been hypothetically linked to the Hirnantian glaciation and subsequent rapid warming, respectively. However, the timing and tempo of the LOME remain uncertain, which hinders our understanding of the feedback between the LOME and paleoclimatic change. Here, we present high-precision radioisotopic dates for the Ordovician-Silurian transition in South China that reveal the LOME began at 442.76 + 0.35/−0.22 million years ago, with the two phases lasting for 0.34 + 0.46/−0.34 and 0.06 + 0.31/−0.06 million years, respectively. The rapid switch from icehouse to greenhouse conditions, along with the higher mean rate of temperature change during LOME II, resulted in a much higher mean extinction rate during LOME II than I (71.6% versus 8.4% species loss per 100 thousand years, respectively), implying that the rate of climate change was a primary control on the tempo of the LOME.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhutong Zhang and Chuan Yang and Diana Sahy and Ren-bin Zhan and Rong-Chang Wu and Yang Li and Yiying Deng and Bing Huang and Daniel J. Condon and Jiayu Rong and Xian-Hua Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6788}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv6788}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tempo of the late ordovician mass extinction controlled by the rate of climate change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phase-change metal ink with pH-controlled chemical sintering for versatile and scalable fabrication of variable stiffness electronics. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv4921. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Variable stiffness electronics represent the forefront of adaptive technology, integrating rigid and soft electronics in a single system through dynamic mechanical modulation. While gallium’s high modulus tuning ratio and rapid phase transitions make it ideal for transformative electronic systems (TES), its liquid-state instability, high surface tension, and unintended phase transitions during processing pose substantial challenges. Here, we introduce STiffness-Adjustable temperature-Responsive ink (STAR ink), a chemically sinterable gallium composite electronic ink designed to overcome these obstacles. STAR ink enables high-resolution (~50 micrometers) circuit patterning, large-scale batch fabrication, and three-dimensional structure coating at room temperature. Through pH-controlled chemical sintering, STAR ink–based TES exhibits exceptional mechanical tunability (tuning ratio: 1465) and electrical conductivity (2.27 × 10 6 siemens per meter). Demonstrated applications—from multilayered variable stiffness printed circuit boards (PCBs) matching standard PCBs’ complexity to body-temperature responsive neural probe—underscore STAR ink’s potential for reconfigurable electronics across consumer electronics and biomedical devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Simok Lee and Gun-Hee Lee and Inho Kang and Woojin Jeon and Semin Kim and Yejin Ahn and Choong Yeon Kim and Do A Kwon and Michael D. Dickey and Steve Park and Seongjun Park and Jae-Woong Jeong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4921}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv4921}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phase-change metal ink with pH-controlled chemical sintering for versatile and scalable fabrication of variable stiffness electronics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intestinal L-cell mechanoreception regulates hepatic lipid metabolism through GLP-1. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv3201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glucagon-like peptide–1 (GLP-1), secreted by intestinal L cells, is essential for lowering postprandial glucose levels and regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.We investigate the effects of manipulating Piezo1 in L cells on hepatic lipid metabolism. We found that normal and high-fat diet–fed L cell–specific Piezo1 knockout ( IntL-Piezo1 −/− ) mice exhibited reduced circulating GLP-1 levels, increased hepatic lipid accumulation, decreased β-catenin expression, and elevated lipogenesis-related genes and proteins, including SREBP1c, PPARγ, FASN, and ACC. Treatment with exendin-4 improved fatty liver in IntL-Piezo1 −/− mice by stimulating β-catenin and inhibiting de novo lipogenesis. Intestinal bead implantation stimulated GLP-1 release and inhibited lipid synthesis in livers of diet-induced obese mice but not in IntL-Piezo1 −/− mice. In primary hepatocytes derived from IntL-Piezo1 −/− mice, lipid accumulation and enhanced fatty acid synthesis were associated with reduced β-catenin expression and impaired nuclear translocation. Exendin-4 treatment alleviated lipid accumulation, which was blocked by the β-catenin inhibitor nitazoxanide. L-cell mechanoreception is vital for regulating hepatic lipid metabolism through GLP-1.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luyang Gao and Ke Yang and Yawen Zhao and Jinshan Zhang and Shaohua Jiang and Rujiao Zhang and Wenxin He and Yuhang Zhao and Qianqian Ye and Geyang Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv3201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intestinal L-cell mechanoreception regulates hepatic lipid metabolism through GLP-1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dual mechanism of inflammation sensing by the hematopoietic progenitor genome. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv3169. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Genomes adapt dynamically to alterations in the signaling milieu, including inflammation that transiently or permanently disrupts genome function. Here, we elucidate how a progenitor cell genome senses and responds to inflammation when the developmental and transcriptional regulator GATA2 is limiting, which causes bone marrow failure in humans and mice and predisposes to leukemia in humans. GATA2 low murine progenitors are hypersensitive to inflammatory mediators. We discovered that the hematopoietic transcription factor PU.1 conferred transcriptional activation in GATA2 low progenitors in response to Interferon-γ and Toll-Like Receptor 1/2 agonists. In a locus-specific manner, inflammation reconfigured genome activity by promoting PU.1 recruitment to chromatin or tuning activity of PU.1-preoccupied chromatin. The recruitment mechanism disproportionately required IKKβ activity. Inflammation-activated genes were enriched in motifs for RUNX factors that cooperate with GATA factors. Contrasting with the GATA2-RUNX1 cooperativity paradigm, GATA2 suppressed and RUNX1 promoted PU.1 mechanisms to endow the progenitor genome with inflammation-sensing capacity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vu L. Tran and Peng Liu and Koichi R. Katsumura and Alexandra A. Soukup and Audrey Kopp and Zamaan S. Ahmad and Ashley E. Mattina and Marjorie Brand and Kirby D. Johnson and Emery H. Bresnick}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3169}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv3169}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dual mechanism of inflammation sensing by the hematopoietic progenitor genome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuronal potassium channel activity triggers initiation of mRNA translation through binding of translation regulators. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv3140. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neuronal activity stimulates mRNA translation crucial for learning and development, but the mechanism linking translation to neuronal activity is not understood. In humans, learning and memory are severely disrupted by mutations in the potassium channel Slack (KCNT1, Slo2.2). We find that pharmacological stimulation of this channel and a constitutively active Slack mutation stimulate mRNA translation of a reporter for β-actin mRNA in cell lines and increases the synthesis of β-actin in the neurites of cortical neurons. Moreover, channel activation promotes the binding of two key mRNA translation regulators, FMRP (fragile X mental retardation protein) and CYFIP1 (cytoplasmic FMR1–interacting protein 1), to the channel itself, releasing both from eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E), where they normally inhibit initiation of translation. This interaction provides a molecular mechanism for Slack activity–dependent regulation of translation and suggests that the effects of Slack mutations on this process may explain the severe intellectual disabilities associated with these mutations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taylor J. Malone and Jing Wu and Yalan Zhang and Pawel Licznerski and Rongmin Chen and Sheikh Nahiyan and Maysam Pedram and Elizabeth A. Jonas and Leonard K. Kaczmarek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3140}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv3140}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuronal potassium channel activity triggers initiation of mRNA translation through binding of translation regulators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wound state monitoring by multiplexed, electrochemical, real-time, localized, inflammation-tracking nitric oxide sensor (MERLIN). SCIADV, 11(22), eadv2385. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nitric oxide (NO) released endogenously by induced NO synthase (iNOS) in macrophages is a key regulatory biomarker for wound inflammation. Detecting NO directly on the wound bed is challenging due to its short half-life time (6 to 50 seconds), low physiological concentration (nanomolar to micromolar), and interferences in the complex wound environment. Here, we present a compliant, multiplexed, electrochemical, real-time, localized, inflammation-tracking NO sensor (MERLIN) array for in vivo spatiotemporal measurement of NO, with high sensitivity (883 ± 283 nanoamperes per micromolar per square centimeter); selectivity against nitrites (~27,900-fold), ascorbic acid (~3800-fold), and uric acid (~6900-fold); and low limit of detection (~8.00 nM). MERLIN spatiotemporally tracked NO on rat skin wounds for 7 days, and results indicated that NO peaks on day 3, in line with previously reported iNOS activity. MERLIN allows spatial mapping of the NO gradient across the wound bed, which can be used to provide diagnostic information to assist wound care.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liyang Wang and Yingqiao Wang and Mabel Bartlett and Daniel San Roman and Gaurav Balakrishnan and Samuel Gershanok and Reem Khan and Clint Skillen and Shanae Butler and Mangesh Kulkarni and Stephen F. Badylak and Devora Cohen-Karni and Bryan Brown and Tzahi Cohen-Karni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2385}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv2385}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wound state monitoring by multiplexed, electrochemical, real-time, localized, inflammation-tracking nitric oxide sensor (MERLIN)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconstructive spectrometer using double-layer disordered metasurfaces. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv2376. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventionally, optical spectrometers rely on traditional dispersive elements like grating and prism, which pose inherent challenges for miniaturizing spectrometers, including the trade-off between propagation distance and spectral resolution and calibration ambiguity. Here, we present a random dispersive element—double-layer disordered metasurfaces—where wavelength-specific speckle patterns can be uniquely determined a priori without ambiguity in wavelength and propagation distance. By directly mounting this element on an image sensor, we implement a spectrometer with a spectral resolution of around 1 nanometer and an operable range of 440 to 660 nanometers, comprising 221 spectral channels, within a form-factor of less than 1 centimeter. Our results firmly establish that the versatility of multilayer disordered metasurfaces in the spatio-spectral domain can be fully exploited for on-sensor spectroscopic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong-gu Lee and Gookho Song and Chunghyung Lee and Chanseok Lee and Mooseok Jang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2376}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv2376}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconstructive spectrometer using double-layer disordered metasurfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sorbate induces lysine sorbylation through noncanonical activities of class i HDACs to regulate the expression of inflammation genes. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv1071. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Environmental factors may affect gene expression through epigenetic modifications of histones and transcription factors. Here, we report that cellular uptake of sorbate, a common food preservative, induces lysine sorbylation (Ksor) in mammalian cells and tissue mediated by the noncanonical activities of class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1-3). We demonstrated that HDAC1-3 catalyze sorbylation upon sorbate uptake and desorbylation in the absence of sorbate both in vitro and in cells. Sorbate uptake in mice livers significantly induced histone Ksor, correlating with decreased expressions of inflammation-response genes. Accordingly, sorbate treatment in macrophage RAW264.7 cells upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation dose-dependently down-regulated proinflammatory gene expressions and nitric oxide production. Proteomic profiling identified RelA, a component of the NF-κB complex, and its interacting proteins as bona fide Ksor targets and sorbate treatment significantly decreased NF-κB transcriptional activities in response to LPS stimulation in RAW264.7 cells. Together, our study demonstrated a noncanonical mechanism of sorbate uptake in regulating epigenetic histone modifications and inflammatory gene expression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yi-Cheng Sin and Breann Abernathy and Zuo-fei Yuan and Jason L. Heier and Justin E. Gonzalez and Laurie L. Parker and Douglas G. Mashek and Yue Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1071}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv1071}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sorbate induces lysine sorbylation through noncanonical activities of class i HDACs to regulate the expression of inflammation genes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unprecedented stacking-dependent piezoluminescence enhancement in atomically precise superatomic gold nanoclusters. SCIADV, 11(22), eadv0298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Deciphering the structure-property relationship between cluster stacking and high-efficiency luminescence of metal nanoclusters is crucial for designing and synthesizing high-performance light-emitting materials and devices. Here, we successfully synthesized two polymorphic gold nanoclusters (Au 8 -C and Au 8 -P) and investigated their stacking-dependent piezoluminescence based on hydrostatic pressure. Under compression, Au 8 -C exhibits notable piezoluminescence enhancement. However, Au 8 -P presents monotonic piezoluminescence quenching. High-pressure structural characterizations confirm the existence of stacking-dependent anisotropic compression in Au 8 -C and Au 8 -P. Under high pressure, the columnar-stacked Au 8 -C shrinks faster along the a axis, increasing the aspect ratio (AR) of the fusiform Au 8 core. However, the layered Au 8 -P is compressed faster along the c axis, reducing the AR and leading to a flatter Au 8 core. High-pressure femtosecond transient absorption, time-resolved photoluminescence, and Raman spectra collaboratively confirm that differentiated anisotropic compression notably suppresses nonradiative loss caused by low-frequency vibrations of the Au 8 core, which is responsible for the piezoluminescence enhancement in Au 8 -C.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hua-Yang Ru and Ji-Kun Yang and Ya-Ni Yang and Qiu-Yang Wan and Meng-Jie Zhu and Jia-Hua Hu and Jing Li and Qi Li and Meng Zhou and Gang Li and Gaosong Chen and Yonggang Wang and Lei Jiang and Yuchen Wu and Shuang-Quan Zang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadv0298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unprecedented stacking-dependent piezoluminescence enhancement in atomically precise superatomic gold nanoclusters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Local inhibitory circuits mediate cortical reactivations and memory consolidation. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu9800. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Highly salient events activate neurons across various brain regions. During subsequent rest or sleep, the activity patterns of these neurons often correlate with those observed during the preceding experience. Growing evidence suggests that these reactivations play a crucial role in memory consolidation, the process by which experiences are solidified in cortical networks for long-term storage. Here, we use longitudinal two-photon Ca 2+ imaging alongside paired LFP recordings in the hippocampus and cortex, to show that targeted manipulation of PV + inhibitory neurons in the lateral visual cortex after daily training selectively attenuates cue-specific reactivations and learning, with only minute effects on spontaneous activity and no apparent effect on normal function such as visual cue–elicited responses during training. In control mice, reactivations were biased toward salient cues, persisted for hours after training had ended, and the prevalence of reactivations was aligned with the learning process. Overall, our results underscore a crucial role for cortical reactivations in memory consolidation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kristian K. Lensjø and Ingeborg Nymoen Nystuen and Frederik S. Rogge and Kristin Tøndel and Arthur Sugden and Inga Shurnayte and Sverre Grødem and Anders Malthe-Sørenssen and Torkel Hafting and Mark L. Andermann and Marianne Fyhn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9800}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu9800}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Local inhibitory circuits mediate cortical reactivations and memory consolidation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial calcium signaling regulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism in fibrolamellar carcinoma. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu9512. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolic adaptations are essential for survival. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter plays a key role in coordinating metabolic homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial metabolic pathways and calcium signaling. However, a comprehensive analysis of uniporter-regulated mitochondrial pathways has remained unexplored. Here, we investigate consequences of uniporter loss and gain of function using uniporter knockout cells and fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), which we demonstrate to have elevated mitochondrial calcium levels. We find that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism and the urea cycle are uniporter-regulated pathways. Reduced uniporter function boosts expression of BCAA catabolism genes and the urea cycle enzyme ornithine transcarbamylase. In contrast, high uniporter activity in FLC suppresses their expression. This suppression is mediated by the transcription factor KLF15, a master regulator of liver metabolism. Thus, the uniporter plays a central role in FLC-associated metabolic changes, including hyperammonemia. Our study identifies an important role for the uniporter in metabolic adaptation through transcriptional regulation of metabolism and elucidates its importance for BCAA and ammonia metabolism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicole M. Marsh and Melissa J. S. MacEwen and Jane Chea and Heidi L. Kenerson and Albert A. Kwong and Timothy M. Locke and Francisco Javier Miralles and Tanmay Sapre and Natasha Gozali and Madeleine L. Hart and Theo K. Bammler and James W. MacDonald and Lucas B. Sullivan and G. Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen and Shao-En Ong and John D. Scott and Raymond S. Yeung and Yasemin Sancak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9512}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu9512}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial calcium signaling regulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism in fibrolamellar carcinoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-space investigations of on-surface intermolecular radical transfer reactions assisted by persistent radicals. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu9436. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synthesizing radicals that have both long lifetimes and high chemical reactivity remains a long-term challenge. Here, persistent phenyl radicals are successfully synthesized on Ag(111) by protecting the carbon radical site by designing the precursor molecule with suitable steric hindrance. As carbon-carbon coupling is prohibited, such radicals remain intact for longer than 6 hours at room temperature on Ag(111). Taking advantage of the long lifetimes, the as-synthesized radicals are directly characterized in the real space at the single-chemical-bond scale by means of bond-resolving scanning tunneling microscopy imaging. Accompanied by the excellent stability, the radicals exhibit high chemical reactivities and facilitate the intermolecular radical transfer reactions at extreme low temperature. The preparation of persistent radicals not only favors the characterization of a surface-stabilized radical in the real space but also aids in illuminating the detailed reaction pathways of subsequent radical-assisted reactions directly.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huaming Zhu and Junbo Wang and Kaifeng Niu and Yong Zhang and Yi Zhang and Chuan Deng and Peipei Huang and Dengyuan Li and Peinian Liu and Jianchen Lu and Johanna Rosen and Jonas Björk and Jinming Cai and Lifeng Chi and Qing Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9436}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu9436}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-space investigations of on-surface intermolecular radical transfer reactions assisted by persistent radicals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Notch controls APC/CFZR-1 to enable accumulation of chromatin regulators in germline stem cells from caenorhabditis elegans. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu8572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Originally known for its function in the cell cycle, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) also plays a crucial role in regulating differentiation and maintaining cell identity. However, the mechanisms by which APC/C mediates developmental processes are not fully understood. In this study, we show that APC/C and its activator FZR-1 regulate the chromatin regulators MES-4 and MES-3. These proteins are part of histone methylation complexes essential for maintaining germline stem cell (GSC) identity in the germ line of Caenorhabditis elegans . APC/C FZR-1 facilitates the degradation of MES-4 and MES-3 when GSCs transition toward differentiating into oocytes. The activity of APC/C FZR-1 is restricted by the Notch signaling pathway provided by the distal tip cell, which is responsible for maintaining the stemness of the GSC pool. This negative regulation enables the accumulation of MES-3 and MES-4 in GSCs, offering an additional component by which niche activity modulates the C. elegans germ line.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {David Puerta and Sara Rivera-Martín and Adrián Fragoso-Luna and Susan Strome and Sarah L Crittenden and Judith Kimble and José Pérez-Martín}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu8572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Notch controls APC/CFZR-1 to enable accumulation of chromatin regulators in germline stem cells from caenorhabditis elegans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Superionicity of oxygen-deficient davemaoite and its impact on the deep-earth oxidation cycle. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu8401. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Davemaoite (CaSiO 3 perovskite) is an essential mineral in Earth’s lower mantle, thought to be solidified directly from an early magma ocean. Despite its abundance, the impact of defects, particularly oxygen vacancies, on davemaoite’s properties under mantle conditions has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we use machine learning molecular dynamic simulations to examine the behavior of oxygen-deficient davemaoite structures under high pressures and temperatures. Our simulations reveal its superionic transition driven by oxygen’s diffusion, enhancing electrical conductivities. Our predicted phase diagrams demonstrate that higher oxygen vacancy concentrations expand the superionic phase region. This superionic behavior implies that defective davemaoite could play a critical role in early mantle oxidation and deep-Earth oxygen cycling, providing a potential major source of mobile oxygen in the deep mantle. These findings offer fresh insights into the geodynamic processes in Earth’s early mantle and suggest that oxygen-deficient davemaoite could primarily contribute to the electrical conductivity and oxidation state of the deep lower mantle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zifan Wang and Yu He and Ho-kwang Mao and Duck Young Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8401}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu8401}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Superionicity of oxygen-deficient davemaoite and its impact on the deep-earth oxidation cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Geography-guided industrial-level upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate plastics through alkaline seawater-based processes. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu8381. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The escalating plastic crisis can be mitigated by upgrading waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Leveraging the geographical advantages of offshores with established chlor-alkali industries, abundant renewable energy, and extensive seawater, we here present a technically and economically viable strategy of harnessing natural seawater as a medium to transform PET plastics into high-value chemicals. We report a nickel-molybdenum catalyst incorporating frustrated Lewis pairs for the efficient breakage of C─C bond and the oxidation of ethylene glycol, which sustains a current of 6 amperes at 1.74 volts over 350 hours, with a projected revenue of approximately $304 United States dollar (USD) per ton of processed PET plastics. In a customized electrolyzer, we successfully convert 301.0 grams of waste PET into 227.1 grams of p-phthalic acid (95.5% yield), 1486.2 grams of potassium diformate (67.2% yield), and approximately 214.9 liters of green hydrogen. This study paves the way for scalable PET upcycling, contributing to a circular economy and mitigating the plastic pollution crisis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zehao Xiao and Hongyu Guo and Fan Lv and Zheng Lin and Zongqiang Sun and Chenglong Sun and Yingjun Tan and Qizheng Huang and Mingchuan Luo and Shaojun Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8381}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu8381}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Geography-guided industrial-level upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate plastics through alkaline seawater-based processes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). All-integrated multidimensional optical sensing with a photonic neuromorphic processor. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu7277. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multidimensional optical sensing is crucial in information technology and modern intelligent systems. Despite advancement in optical sensing, capturing multidimensional light field information remains challenging, typically implemented using cascaded single-dimensional sensors and discrete optoelectrical components for information decoupling. Here, we present an all-integrated multidimensional sensing chip incorporating a light field sensitizer and a photonic neural network processor. The inverse-designed sensitizer projects the multidimensional input into multiple channels; each dimension is then decoupled through the reconfigurable nonlinear neural network. We experimentally achieved 91% high accuracy for single-shot, concurrent sensing of intensity, polarization, and wavelength using a well-trained five-layer neuromorphic system. The fully on-chip system eliminates optical-electrical conversion and offline digital processing, enabling low-latency and high energy efficiency. Moreover, we achieved stabilization and recovery of high-speed signals at 100 gigabytes per second under randomly perturbed polarization and wavelengths. This work shows the potential for low-latency, energy-efficient optical sensing and complex information processing using neuromorphic integrated photonics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhijuan Gu and Yang Shi and Zhangming Zhu and Zuhang Li and Mingjie Zou and Changming Yang and Yang Liu and Yu Yu and Xinliang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7277}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu7277}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {All-integrated multidimensional optical sensing with a photonic neuromorphic processor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TAC-C uncovers open chromatin interaction in crops and SPL-mediated photosynthesis regulation. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu6565. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) direct precise gene expression for development and environmental response, yet their spatial organization in crops is largely unknown. We introduce transposase-accessible chromosome conformation capture (TAC-C), a method integrating ATAC-seq and Hi-C to capture fine-scale chromatin interactions in four major crops: rice, sorghum, maize, and wheat. TAC-C reveals a strong association between chromatin interaction frequency and gene expression, particularly emphasizing the conserved roles of chromatin interaction hub anchors and hub genes across crop species. Integrating chromatin structure with population genetics data highlights that chromatin loops connect distal regulatory elements to phenotypic variation. In addition, asymmetrical open chromatin interactions among subgenomes, driven by transposon insertions and sequence variations, contribute to biased homoeolog expression. Furthermore, TaSPL7/15 regulate photosynthesis-related genes through chromatin interactions, with enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and starch content in Taspl7&15 mutant. TAC-C provides insights into the spatial organization of regulatory elements in crops, especially for SPL-mediated photosynthesis regulation in wheat.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingmin Kang and Zhaoheng Zhang and Xuelei Lin and Fuyan Liu and Yali Song and Peng Zhao and Yujing Lin and Xumei Luo and Xiaoyi Li and Yanyan Yang and Wenda Wang and Cuimin Liu and Shengbao Xu and Xin Liu and Jun Xiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6565}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu6565}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TAC-C uncovers open chromatin interaction in crops and SPL-mediated photosynthesis regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconfigurable non-hermitian soliton combs using dissipative couplings and topological windings. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu6554. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The emergence of dissipative Kerr solitons in nonlinear resonators has revolutionized the generation of on-chip coherent optical frequency combs. The formation of dissipative Kerr solitons in conventional single resonators hinges on balancing the resonator dissipation against the parametric gain and balancing the resonator dispersion against the resonance frequency shifts introduced by the Kerr nonlinearity. Here, we theoretically introduce a previously unidentified class of non-Hermitian soliton combs that are enabled by engineering the dissipation and dispersion of a coupled resonator array with nonreciprocal couplings. We show that these non-Hermitian soliton combs allow unprecedented postfabrication agile reconfigurability of the soliton comb spectrum, where the number of comb lines, as well as their frequency spacing, can be markedly tuned by simply tuning the hopping phases between resonators. Such reconfigurable non-Hermitian combs generated using coupled resonator arrays could enable new functionalities for a multitude of comb applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seyed Danial Hashemi and Sunil Mittal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6554}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu6554}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconfigurable non-hermitian soliton combs using dissipative couplings and topological windings}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Photonic antiferromagnetic topological insulator with a single surface dirac cone. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu6230. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antiferromagnetism, characterized by alternating magnetic moments, has garnered renewed interest for its potential applications in spintronics and axion electrodynamics. Its synergy with topology may yield an exotic topological phase unique to a certain magnetic order, termed antiferromagnetic topological insulators (AF TIs). A hallmark signature of AF TIs is the presence of a single surface Dirac cone—a feature typically associated with strong three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators but lacking direct observation. Here, we theoretically and experimentally discover a 3D photonic AF TI protected by the combined symmetry of time reversal and half-lattice translation. By measuring both bulk and surface states, we directly observe the symmetry-protected single-Dirac-cone surface states and their remarkable robustness against random magnetic disorders. To our knowledge, our work constitutes the first realization of photonic AF TIs and photonic analogs of strong 3D topological insulators, opening a chapter for exploring topological photonic devices and phenomena incorporating additional magnetic degrees of freedom.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fujia Chen and Ning Han and Songyang Pu and Rui Zhao and Li Zhang and Qiaolu Chen and Yuze Hu and Mingyu Tong and Wenhao Li and Junyao Wu and Yudong Ren and Xinrui Li and Wenyan Yin and Hongsheng Chen and Rui-Xing Zhang and Yihao Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6230}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu6230}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Photonic antiferromagnetic topological insulator with a single surface dirac cone}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient perovskite solar modules enabled by a UV-stable and high-conductivity hole transport material. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu3493. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses a substantial challenge to the stability of prevalent p-i-n (positive-intrinsic-negative) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), demanding more robust hole-transport layers (HTLs) due to light incident from the HTL side. Here, we unveil that commonly used self-assembled monolayer (SAM)–type HTLs suffer from poor UV stability that causes irreversible damage to hole extraction and impairs device stability. To address this issue, we develop a polymeric and UV-stable HTL named Poly-2PACz, which exhibits strong binding to substrates and exceptional UV resistance over SAM-type HTLs. The PSCs blade-coated under ambient conditions using Poly-2PACz HTL achieved a remarkable efficiency of 26.0% and outstanding UV stability. Our cells retain 80% of the initial PCE even after about 500 hours of high-intensity UV illumination [7.7 times higher than that of air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) solar spectrum]. Furthermore, Poly-2PACz exhibits good wettability and high conductance, enabling the fabrication of blade-coated minimodules with an aperture efficiency of 22.2% and excellent uniformity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianxiao Liu and Zhijun Ren and Yangyang Liu and Yaoyao Zhang and Jing Liang and Fangwen Cheng and Yiran Li and Xiaoyu Shi and Yunjie Dou and Xiaodong Hu and Lingyuan Wang and Siwei Luo and Feifei Wang and Xiaoxiao Peng and Yu Zhao and Wei Wang and Yi Cao and Feng Gao and Shangshang Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3493}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu3493}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient perovskite solar modules enabled by a UV-stable and high-conductivity hole transport material}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interlayer phononic energy dissipation in the friction of graphene layers. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu2880. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanism of frictional energy dissipation holds notable importance in understanding the physical origins of nanofriction. Here, combining atomic force microscopy and Raman analysis, we confirm the important role of layer breathing modes in the layer-dependent frictional energy dissipation process of graphene layers. Then the LOZO′ mode is resonantly enhanced to elucidate the relationship between layer breathing modes and frictional energy dissipation from the perspective of phonon lifetime. The results indicate that phonon lifetime increases with the number of graphene layers, which is consistent with the increased stiffness and re-adjust configuration capability in thicker graphene stacks. Our findings provide compelling experimental evidence for the phononic energy dissipation in the friction of graphene layers, enhancing the understanding of dynamic dissipation processes at frictional interfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haolei Dai and Yujin Wang and Zibo Liu and Yonghui Liu and Yuzheng Guo and Dameng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2880}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu2880}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interlayer phononic energy dissipation in the friction of graphene layers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Differential phosphorylation of receptor kinase SlLYK4 mediates immune responses to bacterial and fungal pathogens in tomato. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu2840. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating plant disease. Exopolysaccharide (EPS), a major virulence factor of R. solanacearum , elicits pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in tomato, but the means by which EPS is recognized in the plant remain poorly understood. We found that tomato non-arginine-aspartate (non-RD) receptor kinase SlLYK4 mediates the perception of R. solanacearum EPS and positively regulates resistance to bacterial wilt. The RD receptor kinases SlLYK1 and SlLYK13 are required for EPS-triggered immune responses and form complexes with SlLYK4. These receptor kinase complexes have dual functions in recognizing bacterial EPS and fungal chitin. Phosphorylation of serine-320 in the juxtamembrane domain of SlLYK4 is essential in EPS- and chitin-mediated signaling, whereas phosphorylation of serine-334 or serine-634 in the C-terminal domain is required for chitin or EPS signaling, respectively. Our results reveal the mechanism underlying EPS recognition in tomato and provide insight into how differential phosphorylation of receptor kinase regulates antibacterial and antifungal immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wanting Zhu and Sen Cao and Mengling Huang and Pengyue Li and Jingjing Ke and Ai Xu and Yang Lin and Jiatao Xie and Jiasen Cheng and Yanping Fu and Daohong Jiang and Xiao Yu and Bo Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2840}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu2840}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Differential phosphorylation of receptor kinase SlLYK4 mediates immune responses to bacterial and fungal pathogens in tomato}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Demystifying the drivers of the spring warming asymmetry between eurasia and north america. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu2364. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In spring, global warming exhibits prominent zonal asymmetry at continental scales, with Eurasia warming three times faster than North America during 1979–2021. Meanwhile, snow loss is also highly asymmetric. These changes are critical for regional agriculture and water management, yet the roles of specific forcings behind them remain unclear. Based on hierarchical large-ensemble climate model simulations, ~32 ± 28% of the surface air temperature (SAT) asymmetric trend and 16 ± 13% of the snow cover asymmetric trend between Eurasia and North America are attributable to tropical Pacific variability. Single-forcing experiments reveal that anthropogenic aerosols can induce a comparable asymmetry, accounting for 34 ± 23% (24 ± 17%) of observed SAT (snow cover) asymmetric trends. However, their effects are largely masked by the greenhouse gas forcing. As anthropogenic aerosol emissions are expected to decline, the current warming asymmetry may reverse in the future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiuyuan Ding and Gang Chen and Yuan Wang and Lantao Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2364}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu2364}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Demystifying the drivers of the spring warming asymmetry between eurasia and north america}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inactivation of the PHD3-FOXO3 axis blunts the type i interferon response in microglia and ameliorates alzheimer’s disease progression. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu2244. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microglia respond to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with varied transcriptional responses. We show that oligomeric Aß (oAß) induces the expression of Hif1a and Egln3 in microglia in vitro, together with the transcription of the type I interferon signature (IFNS) genes in a PHD3-dependent manner. We identify FOXO3 as a repressor of IFNS, whose abundance decreases upon PHD3 induction in response to oAß. In vivo, loss of PHD3 correlates with abrogation of the IFNS and activation of the disease-associated microglia signature, an increase in microglia proximity to Aß plaques and phagocytosis of both Aß and small plaques. PHD3 deficiency mitigated the Aß plaque–associated neuropathology and rescued behavioral deficits of an AD mouse model. Last, we demonstrate that microglial PHD3 overexpression in the absence of Aß pathology is sufficient to induce the IFNS and behavioral alterations. Together, our data strongly indicate that the inactivation of the PHD3-FOXO3 axis controls the microglial IFNS in a cell autonomous manner, improving AD outcome.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manuel A. Sanchez-Garcia and Nieves Lara-Ureña and Rosana March-Diaz and Clara Ortega-de San Luis and Silvia Quiñones-Cañete and Bella Mora-Romero and Juan M. Barba-Reyes and Daniel Cabello-Rivera and Carmen Romero-Molina and Antonio Heras-Garvin and Victoria Navarro and Jose Lopez-Barneo and Marisa Vizuete and Javier Vitorica and Ana M. Muñoz-Cabello and Ana B. Muñoz-Manchado and Matthew E. Cokman and Alicia E. Rosales-Nieves and Alberto Pascual}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2244}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu2244}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inactivation of the PHD3-FOXO3 axis blunts the type i interferon response in microglia and ameliorates alzheimer’s disease progression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A universal strategy toward two-component organic-inorganic metal halide luminescent glasses and glass-crystal composites. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu1982. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The development of melt-quenched organic-inorganic metal halide (OIMH) glasses is hampered by the scarcity of suitable organic molten salts and low luminescence efficiency. Herein, we developed a series of two-component OIMH amorphous glasses consisting of (TPG) 2 MnBr 4 (TPG + , triphenylguanidium) and A 2 MnBr 4 (A, organic molten cation), named α G (A x TPG y ). The high glass-formation ability (GFA) in (TPG) 2 MnBr 4 provides a platform to modulate the crystallization of another molten A 2 MnBr 4 by homogeneous melting. Moreover, the GFA modulation allows controlled in situ crystallization of α G (A x TPG y ) and the formation of transparent glass-crystal composites with higher luminescence efficiency. For instance, the light yield of α G (PTP 99 TPG 1 ) (PTP + , propyltriphenylphosphonium) is improved from 18,800 to 35,140 photons per mega–electron volt after annealing at 55°C, showing huge application potentials in radiation detection and high-resolution x-ray imaging. The present research would inspire further exploration of high-performance OIMH glasses and facilitate multiple applications in advanced photonics such as scintillators, photoconductive fibers, light-emitting diodes, and laser crystals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zi-Lin He and Jian-Bin Luo and Jing-Hua Chen and Jun-Hua Wei and Xiao-He Miao and Zhi-Zhong Zhang and Qing-Peng Peng and Xiu-Xian Guo and Dai-Bin Kuang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1982}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu1982}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A universal strategy toward two-component organic-inorganic metal halide luminescent glasses and glass-crystal composites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanistic insights into the stimulation of the histone H3K9 methyltransferase clr4 by proximal H3K14 ubiquitination. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu1864. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {H3K9 methylation, a conserved heterochromatin marker, is crucial for chromosome segregation and gene regulation. Clr4 is the sole known methyltransferase catalyzing H3K9 methylation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe . Clr4 K455/K472 automethylation and H3K14 ubiquitination (H3K14Ub) are vital activators of Clr4, ensuring appropriate heterochromatin deposition and preventing deleterious silencing. While automethylation’s activation mechanism is uncovered, the mechanism of H3K14Ub’s significantly stronger stimulation on Clr4 remains unclear. Here, we determined the crystal structures of Clr4 bound to ubiquitinated and unmodified H3 peptides at 2.60 and 2.39 angstrom, which revealed a synergistic mechanism underlying the pronounced stimulatory effect: H3K14Ub increases substrate affinity through multivalent interactions and facilitates the allosteric transition of Clr4 from an inactive apo conformation to a hyperactive “catalyzing state,” including conformational changes in the αC-SET-insertion region, autoregulatory loop, and the β9/10 loop. We finally propose a multilevel structural model for the Clr4 catalytic-regulatory cycle. This work provides structural insights into the interplay between histone modifications and their collective impact on epigenetic regulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunxiang Du and Maoshen Sun and Zhengqing Li and Xiangwei Wu and Qian Qu and Huasong Ai and Lei Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1864}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu1864}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanistic insights into the stimulation of the histone H3K9 methyltransferase clr4 by proximal H3K14 ubiquitination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tumor microenvironment–activated Zn//MnO2 battery for sustained and local electrochemical immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu1647. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metal ions are widely adopted to potentiate oxidative damage-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) and regulate immune pathways. However, current ion delivery platforms lack precise administration over distribution and retention time within the tumor microenvironment, leading to high systemic toxicity and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. Here, local electrochemical immunotherapy is developed by implanting a tumor microenvironment–activated Zn//MnO 2 battery, which uses body fluid as an electrolyte and endogenous glutathione as a redox mediator to promote sustained generation and localized retention of electrochemical products (Zn 2+ and Mn 2+ ). These elements trigger the ICD effect through reactive oxygen species accumulation and stimulate the STING pathway to activate immune cells effectively. Strategic placement of this battery around subcutaneous tumor sites results in a 99.6% growth inhibition rate after a 14-day treatment. This work demonstrates a powerful electrochemical tool for drug-free cancer immunotherapy, which may open an avenue for sustained and localized delivery of immune agonists.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoran Ding and Xiaoteng Jia and Hongming Yuan and Daxin Pang and Hualu Zhao and Peng Sun and Fangmeng Liu and Danming Chao and Meiying Xin and Caiyun Wang and Geyu Lu and Gordon Wallace}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1647}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu1647}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tumor microenvironment–activated Zn//MnO2 battery for sustained and local electrochemical immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Development of a targeted oral pharmacologic duodenal exclusion therapy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. SCIADV, 11(22), eadu1326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are chronic metabolic diseases with global morbidity and mortality. Decades of evidence from surgical and endoscopic procedures bypassing the duodenum underscore the duodenum’s critical role in regulating glycemia and body weight. Although metabolic surgeries and endoscopic procedures are effective, their invasiveness, cost, and scalability limit patient access. We developed an orally administered mucin complexing polymeric (MCP) drug, designed to replicate duodenal exclusion physiology. MCPs, intended to have electrostatic and covalent cross-linkages with mucin glycoproteins, form extended network structures with resulting alteration of mucus barrier properties. Selective targeting of the duodenum is achieved via pH-based activation chemistry. Following screening for physiochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy, GLY-200 emerged as the lead drug candidate replicating duodenal exclusion physiology with improved glycemia, reduced body weight, and modulation of gut hormones in rodent models. This targeted oral therapy holds promise for treatment of T2D and obesity by mimicking duodenal exclusion without the invasiveness of surgery or endoscopic procedures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taylor L. Carlson and Kevin Colbert and Marcela Vieira and Florence V. Guerina and Christine L. N. Bryant and Kirk Habegger and Pankaj Jay Pasricha and John Petersen and Steven Polomoscanik and Thomas H. Jozefiak and Ashish Nimgaonkar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadu1326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Development of a targeted oral pharmacologic duodenal exclusion therapy for the treatment of metabolic diseases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active control of excitonic strong coupling and electroluminescence in electrically driven plasmonic nanocavities. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt9808. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Enhancement and active control of light-matter interactions at the atomic scale is important for developing next-generation nanophotonic and quantum optical devices. Here, we demonstrate electric control of excitonic strong coupling and electroluminescence (EL) by integrating a semiconductor monolayer into a nanometer gap of single electrically driven nanocube-on-mirror plasmonic nanocavities, which provide unmatched optical and electrical confinement. In particular, in a strongly coupled system of nanocavity plasmons and tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ) excitons, an ultrastrong electric field generated in the nanocavity gap enables reversible modulation of the Rabi splitting between ~108 and 102 milli–electron volts with a bias of only 2.5 volts. In the quantum tunneling regime (realized by decreasing the gap size), by injection of carriers into a nanocavity-integrated tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) monolayer, spectrally tunable EL (controlled by the bias polarity) is achieved with a room-temperature quantum efficiency reaching ~3.5%, showing an improvement of more than 10 3 times over previous works.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junsheng Zheng and Alexey V. Krasavin and Ruoxue Yang and Zhenxin Wang and Yuanjia Feng and Longhua Tang and Linjun Li and Xin Guo and Daoxin Dai and Anatoly V. Zayats and Limin Tong and Pan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9808}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt9808}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active control of excitonic strong coupling and electroluminescence in electrically driven plasmonic nanocavities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A robust expression system reveals distinct gating mechanisms and calmodulin regulation of NaV1.9 channels. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt9799. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Na V 1.9 is a voltage-gated Na + channel subtype with unique gating properties that are poorly understood, partly due to the lack of reliable heterologous expression systems. Here, we present a transient expression protocol that produces robust mouse Na V 1.9 currents, enabling direct electrophysiological comparisons with native dorsal root ganglion neurons. To further understand the low current density observed in human Na V 1.9, we created chimeras with Na V 1.5 and identified a role for the C-tail—specifically the IQ motif and EF-hand—in regulating current densities, likely due to a weak affinity for calmodulin. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments indicated that, unlike other Na V channel subtypes, calmodulin binding to the C-tail is likely too weak to occur under physiological conditions. Markedly, the pre-IQ region did not influence channel expression but was responsible for conferring the characteristic depolarized voltage dependency of inactivation of Na V 1.9. Our findings provide insights into the unique gating mechanisms of Na V 1.9 and demonstrate the robustness of this platform for structure-function studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Margaux Theys and Jolien De Waele and Sharang Garud and Katrien Willegems and Filip Van Petegem and Frank Bosmans}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9799}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt9799}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A robust expression system reveals distinct gating mechanisms and calmodulin regulation of NaV1.9 channels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Development of enhanced HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with improved resistance and pharmacokinetic profiles. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt8916. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {HIV-1 infection is a manageable chronic condition, with non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) remaining a cornerstone of antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, drug resistance to existing therapeutics is a serious and immediate concern. Using structure-based and scaffold-hopping approaches, we designed evolved diarylpyrimidine analogs targeting reverse transcriptase (RT), exploiting chemical space surrounding the NNRTI-binding pocket. We identified compounds 5i3 and 5e2 , with robust antiviral efficacy against wild-type HIV-1 and rilpivirine-resistant strains. Encouragingly, in vitro selection of mutant strains with 5i3 took 39 passages to select resistance, with no phenotypic cross-resistance observed with known RT drugs. Co-crystal structures of wild-type and mutant RT with 5i3 and 5e2 revealed their resilience toward resistance mutations due to enhanced conformational flexibility and positional adaptability. 5i3 exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties and favorable safety profiles, without substantial cytochrome P450 inhibition, and excellent oral bioavailability. These derivatives represent a promising scaffold for the development of anti-HIV drugs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhao Wang and Shawn Rumrill and Dongwei Kang and Samuel Desta Guma and Da Feng and Erik De Clercq and Christophe Pannecouque and Chin Ho Chen and Eddy Arnold and Francesc Xavier Ruiz and Xinyong Liu and Peng Zhan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8916}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt8916}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Development of enhanced HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with improved resistance and pharmacokinetic profiles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ tunable, room-temperature polariton condensation in individual states of a 1D topological lattice. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt8645. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exciton-polariton microcavity arrays have emerged as a promising semiconductor-based platform for analog simulations of model Hamiltonians and topological effects. To study a variety of Hamiltonians and investigate their properties, it is essential to have highly configurable and easily engineerable structures with low disorder. Here, we demonstrate in situ tunable, room-temperature polariton condensation in individual states of a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger topological lattice by using an open-cavity configuration with an organic polymer layer. Changing the cavity length in combination with vibron-mediated relaxation in the polymer allows us to achieve selective polariton condensation into different states of the band structure, unveiled by nonlinear emission, linewidth narrowing, energy blue shift, and extended macroscopic coherence. Furthermore, we engineer the bandgap and the edge state localization by adjusting the interaction between adjacent lattice sites. Our results demonstrate the versatility and accuracy of the platform for the investigation of quantum fluids in complex potential landscapes and topological effects at room temperature.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ioannis Georgakilas and Rafał Mirek and Darius Urbonas and Michael Forster and Ullrich Scherf and Rainer F. Mahrt and Thilo Stöferle}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8645}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt8645}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ tunable, room-temperature polariton condensation in individual states of a 1D topological lattice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Proteomic signatures of corona and herpes viral antibodies identify IGDCC4 as a mediator of neurodegeneration. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt7176. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mechanisms underlying the dynamic relationships of viral infections and neurodegeneration warrant examination. Using a community-based cohort of older adults, the current study characterized the neurocognitive (cognitive functioning, brain volumes, Alzheimer’s disease positron emission tomography, and plasma biomarkers) and plasma proteomic (7268 proteins) profiles of four common coronavirus and six herpesvirus antibody titers. Genetic inference techniques demonstrated the associations between viral antibody titers and neurocognitive outcomes may be attributed to altered expression in a subset of mechanistically relevant proteins in plasma. One of these proteins, IGDCC4 (immunoglobulin superfamily deleted in colorectal cancer subclass member 4), was related to 20-year dementia risk, cognitive functioning, and amyloid-β positivity using data from two independent cohorts, while its plasma and intrathecal abundance were causally implicated in dementia risk and clinically relevant brain atrophy. Our findings illuminate the biological basis by which host immune responses to viruses may affect neurocognitive outcomes in older adults and identify IGDCC4 as an important molecular mediator of neurodegeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael R. Duggan and Shuojia Yang and Gabriela T. Gomez and Yuhan Cui and Ana W. Capuano and Jingsha Chen and Zhijian Yang and Junhao Wen and Guray Erus and Shannon M. Drouin and David Zweibaum and Qu Tian and Julián Candia and Murat Bilgel and Alexandria Lewis and Abhay Moghekar and Nicholas J. Ashton and Przemysław R. Kac and Thomas K. Karikari and Kaj Blennow and Henrik Zetterberg and Brion S. Maher and Adam P. Spira and Logan Dumitrescu and Timothy J. Hohman and Rebecca F. Gottesman and Christos Davatzikos and David A. Bennett and Josef Coresh and Luigi Ferrucci and Susan M. Resnick and Robert Yolken and Keenan A. Walker}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7176}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt7176}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Proteomic signatures of corona and herpes viral antibodies identify IGDCC4 as a mediator of neurodegeneration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Environmental change and globalization dynamics in roman anatolia: Stabilizing an accelerating system. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt7107. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The role of the Great Acceleration in transitioning the Earth into a new system state invites questions about the acceleration mechanism itself. Here, we use socioeconomic and environmental datasets from Roman Western Anatolia (first c. BCE to seventh c. CE) to investigate the possible mechanisms of globalization-driven acceleration. After the Roman conquest, Anatolia experienced a rapid transition to profoundly anthropogenic landscapes, reaching hitherto unknown levels of agricultural production that remained stable for several centuries. At the socioeconomic level, as revealed by our application of social network analysis to the numismatic data, the growth dynamics continued, leading to ever greater integration. When international conflict in the seventh c. CE disrupted the connectivity, the anthropogenic landscapes rewilded. This dual-system behavior, critical transition followed by equilibrium in the socioecological realm and continued growth in the socioeconomic realm, suggests that the observed postacceleration stabilization necessitated differential balancing of negative and positive feedbacks in each domain.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mustafa Doğan and Sabina Fiołna and Bahadır Duman and Warren Eastwood and John Haldon and Adam Izdebski and Çetin Şenkul}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7107}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt7107}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Environmental change and globalization dynamics in roman anatolia: Stabilizing an accelerating system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deciphering linezolid-induced hematologic toxicity: Targeting TOP2A and TOP2B via its primary metabolite PNU142586. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt5833. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic, is widely used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and drug-resistant Gram-positive infections. However, prolonged use is associated with severe hematologic toxicity, the underlying mechanisms of which remain incompletely understood, particularly regarding the role of linezolid metabolites. Our clinical study indicates that elevated exposure to PNU142586, a primary metabolite of linezolid, is associated with an increased risk of linezolid-induced toxicity, even in the absence of renal impairment. To elucidate its mechanism, we identify DNA topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A) and DNA topoisomerase 2-β (TOP2B) as primary targets of PNU142586 at molecular, cellular, and in vivo levels. PNU142586 disrupts replication and transcription by impeding DNA binding to TOP2A and TOP2B with a favorable conformation for cleavage and by inhibiting adenosine 5′-triphosphate hydrolysis, ultimately leading to antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects, including mitochondrial dysfunction. The present study thus provides mechanistic insight into linezolid-induced hematologic toxicity and offers a foundation for safer antibiotic development and improved clinical monitoring through biomarker identification.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vo Thuy Anh Thu and Nguyen Quynh Nhu and Nguyen Thi Van Anh and So-An Lim and Hyeon-Jeong Seong and Jony Md Rasheduzzaman and Uijin Kim and Hyun-Soo Cho and Soedarsono Soedarsono and Jae-Gook Shin and Yong-Soon Cho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5833}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt5833}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deciphering linezolid-induced hematologic toxicity: Targeting TOP2A and TOP2B via its primary metabolite PNU142586}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PIEZO1-mediated calcium signaling reinforces mechanical properties of hair follicle stem cells to promote quiescence. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt2771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanisms by which epithelial stem cells (SCs) sense mechanical cues within their niche and convert the information into biochemical signals to govern their function are not well understood. Here, we show that hair follicle SCs (HF-SCs) sense mechanical forces through cell adhesion and maintain quiescence in a PIEZO1-dependent mechanism. PIEZO1 interacts with E-cadherin in HF-SCs, and mechanical pulling of E-cadherin with a force of ~20 pN triggers PIEZO1-dependent, localized calcium flickers. Deletion of Piezo1 leads to reduced cumulative calcium influx and compromises quiescence. Single-cell genomic analyses identify a transcriptional network involving AP1 and NFATC1, which functions downstream of PIEZO1 and regulates the expression of extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton genes to reinforce the unique mechanical property of HF-SCs. These findings establish the force threshold necessary for PIEZO1 activation and reveal PIEZO1-dependent calcium influx as a key mechanism for sensing mechanical cues in the niche and regulating HF-SC activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingjing Wang and Chaoyu Fu and Sophie Chang and Christopher Stephens and Haimin Li and Dongmei Wang and Yuheng C. Fu and Kathleen J. Green and Jie Yan and Rui Yi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt2771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PIEZO1-mediated calcium signaling reinforces mechanical properties of hair follicle stem cells to promote quiescence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biogenic origin of secondary eggshell units in dinosaur eggshells elucidates lost biomineralization process in maniraptoran dinosaurs. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt1879. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Secondary eggshell units, though rarely observed in modern avian eggshells, are marked structures in non-avian dinosaur eggshells that offer valuable paleobiological insights. Despite their significance, the origins of secondary eggshell units remain understudied, leading to debates in paleontology, including the hypothesis of an abiogenic origin for these structures. Here, we demonstrate that secondary eggshell units in non-avian dinosaur eggshells are biogenic in nature, based on analyses using advanced microscopic techniques. The structural characteristics of these units suggest a formation mechanism similar to that of turtle and crocodile eggshells, with matrix fibers likely initiating their development. Furthermore, a diminishing presence of secondary eggshell units in non-avian maniraptoran dinosaurs points to the evolution of a more refined physiological process for eggshell formation in this lineage. These findings shed light on the evolutionary trajectory of eggshell biomineralization in dinosaurs and their close relatives.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shukang Zhang and Seung Choi and Noe-Heon Kim and Junfang Xie and Yong Park and Oliver Plümper and Albert G. Sellés}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1879}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt1879}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biogenic origin of secondary eggshell units in dinosaur eggshells elucidates lost biomineralization process in maniraptoran dinosaurs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Whole-brain mapping of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons reveals a long-range reciprocal input-output loop between distinct subtypes. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt1617. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) influence cognition and emotion through specific acetylcholine release in various brain regions, including the prefrontal cortices and basolateral amygdala (BLA). Acetylcholine release is controlled by distinct BFCN subtypes, modulated by excitatory and inhibitory inputs. However, the organization of the whole-brain input-output networks of these subtypes remains unclear. Here, we identified two distinct BFCN subtypes—BFCN →ACA and BFCN →BLA —innervating the anterior cingulate cortex (ACA) and BLA, each with unique distributions, electrophysiological properties, and projection patterns. Combining rabies-virus–assisted mapping and triple-plex RNAscope hybridization, we characterized their whole-brain input networks, identifying unique excitatory and shared inhibitory inputs for these subtypes. Moreover, our results reveal a long-range reciprocal input-output loop: BFCN →ACA neurons target the isocortex, their shared excitatory-input source, whereas BFCN →BLA neurons target shared inhibitory-input sources such as the striatum and pallidum, thus enabling dynamic interactions among these BFCN subtypes. Our study deepens understanding of cholinergic modulation in cognition and emotion and provides insights into their functional interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhaonan Chen and Yanmei Liu and Yunqi Yang and Lizhao Wang and Meiling Qin and Zhishan Jiang and Min Xu and Siyu Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1617}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt1617}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Whole-brain mapping of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons reveals a long-range reciprocal input-output loop between distinct subtypes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). First direct observations of atmospheric sputtering at mars. SCIADV, 11(22), eadt1538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Billions of years ago, Mars’ ability to sustain liquid water waned as the solar wind and radiation began to erode the atmosphere. Sputtering is an atmospheric escape process that may have been dominant during earlier epochs of our Sun according to isotopic evidence, but is difficult to detect under current solar conditions. Using over 9 years of data from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission, we present the first observations of present-day sputtering in the martian upper atmosphere. By correlating argon densities with solar electric fields, we find that sputtered rates of argon are over four times higher than model predictions. We also present evidence of enhanced sputtering during a solar storm, offering a glimpse at more intense conditions in the early solar system. Observationally establishing the role of sputtering in the loss of Mars’ atmosphere is critical to understanding the conditions that allowed liquid water to exist on the martian surface and the implications for habitability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shannon M. Curry and Takuya Hara and Janet G. Luhmann and Francois Leblanc and Rebecca Jolitz and David Mitchell and Ronan Modolo and David A. Brain and Jared Espley and Mehdi Benna and Jasper Halekas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadt1538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {First direct observations of atmospheric sputtering at mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identifying wastewater chemicals in coastal aerosols. SCIADV, 11(22), eads9476. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Tijuana River, at the US-Mexico border, discharges millions of gallons of wastewater daily—sewage, industrial waste, and runoff—into the Pacific Ocean, making it the dominant source of coastal pollution in this region. This study examines how such wastewater influences coastal aerosols by tracking spatial gradients from near the border northward. Using benzoylecgonine (a nonvolatile cocaine metabolite) as a sewage tracer, we find that wastewater compounds—including a mixture of illicit drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from tires and personal care products—become aerosolized and are detectable in both water and air. Spatial analyses confirm that most measured chemicals concentrate in aerosols near the Tijuana River, potentially exposing local populations to tens of nanograms per hour (e.g., octinoxate and methamphetamine) via inhalation. This airborne pathway highlights a largely overlooked source of atmospheric pollution, emphasizing the need to reassess health risks in coastal regions as global water contamination continues to escalate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adam Cooper and Lucia Cancelada and Ralph Riley Torres and Kathryn Belcher and Mallory Small and Pedro Belda-Ferre and Clare Morris and Brock Mitts and Julie Dinasquet and Rob Knight and Jonathan H. Slade and Kimberly A. Prather}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9476}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads9476}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identifying wastewater chemicals in coastal aerosols}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kinetic modules are sources of concentration robustness in biochemical networks. SCIADV, 11(22), eads7269. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Modules represent fundamental building blocks of cellular networks and are thought to facilitate robustness of phenotypes against perturbations. While reaction kinetic shapes the concentration of components and reaction rates, its use in identification of modules entails knowledge of parameter values. Here, we demonstrate that kinetic modules can be efficiently identified on the basis of steady-state reaction rate couplings in large-scale biochemical networks endowed with mass action kinetics without knowledge of parameter values. We then link the kinetic modules of metabolic networks with robustness of metabolite concentrations to perturbations. Analyzing 34 metabolic network models of 26 organisms, we demonstrate that the ordered binding enzyme mechanism leads to increased concentration robustness compared to random binding. Our findings pave the way for usage of modules in synthetic biology and biotechnological applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Damoun Langary and Anika Küken and Zoran Nikoloski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7269}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads7269}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kinetic modules are sources of concentration robustness in biochemical networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploration of structure-activity relationships for the SARS-CoV-2 macrodomain from shape-based fragment linking and active learning. SCIADV, 11(22), eads7187. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The macrodomain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nonstructural protein 3 is required for viral pathogenesis and is an emerging antiviral target. We previously performed an x-ray crystallography–based fragment screen and found submicromolar inhibitors by fragment linking. However, these compounds had poor membrane permeability and liabilities that complicated optimization. Here, we developed a shape-based virtual screening pipeline—FrankenROCS. We screened the Enamine high-throughput collection of 2.1 million compounds, selecting 39 compounds for testing, with the most potent binding with a 130 μM median inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ). We then paired FrankenROCS with an active learning algorithm (Thompson sampling) to efficiently search the Enamine REAL database of 22 billion molecules, testing 32 compounds with the most potent binding with a 220 μM IC 50 . Further optimization led to analogs with IC 50 values better than 10 μM. This lead series has improved membrane permeability and is poised for optimization. FrankenROCS is a scalable method for fragment linking to exploit synthesis-on-demand libraries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Galen J. Correy and Moira M. Rachman and Takaya Togo and Stefan Gahbauer and Yagmur U. Doruk and Maisie G. V. Stevens and Priyadarshini Jaishankar and Brian Kelley and Brian Goldman and Molly Schmidt and Trevor Kramer and Dmytro S. Radchenko and Yurii S. Moroz and Alan Ashworth and Patrick Riley and Brian K. Shoichet and Adam R. Renslo and W. Patrick Walters and James S. Fraser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7187}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads7187}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploration of structure-activity relationships for the SARS-CoV-2 macrodomain from shape-based fragment linking and active learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A 6000-year-long genomic transect from the bogotá altiplano reveals multiple genetic shifts in the demographic history of colombia. SCIADV, 11(22), eads6284. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Genetic studies on Native American populations have transformed our understanding of the demographic history of the Americas. However, a region that has not been investigated through ancient genomics so far is Colombia, the entry point into South America. Here, we report genome-wide data of 21 individuals from the Bogotá Altiplano in Colombia between 6000 and 500 years ago. We reveal that preceramic hunter-gatherers represent a previously unknown basal lineage that derives from the initial South American radiation. These hunter-gatherers do not carry differential affinity to ancient North American groups nor contribute genetically to ancient or present-day South American populations. By 2000 years ago, the local genetic ancestry is replaced by populations from Central America associated with the Herrera ceramic complex and survives through the Muisca period despite major cultural changes. These ancient Altiplano individuals show higher affinities to Chibchan speakers from the Isthmus of Panama than to Indigenous Colombians, suggesting a dilution of the Chibchan-related ancestry through subsequent dispersal events.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kim-Louise Krettek and Andrea Casas-Vargas and Alex Mas-Sandoval and Leonardo Arias Alvis and Ella Reiter and Julie Moncada Madero and Matthias Urban and Juan Camilo Niño Vargas and William Usaquén and Jose Vicente Rodríguez Cuenca and Cosimo Posth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6284}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads6284}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A 6000-year-long genomic transect from the bogotá altiplano reveals multiple genetic shifts in the demographic history of colombia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A photo-mechanically inactive tough gel exhibits multimodal, light-guided underwater navigation. SCIADV, 11(22), eads4507. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soft robots exhibit flexural and active features that enabled their potential deployment in applications where rigid systems could not perform well. However, the locomotion of the soft robots still largely relies on the paddling that requires variety of active materials as artificial muscles. Hence, extreme conditions, i.e., under compressive or tensile loads, can cause irreversible damages that disable the actuation. Here, we report a tough underwater robot that exhibits an accurate, three-dimensional, and multimodal motion. Counterintuitively, the soft robot is composed of polymers that are not photo-mechanically responsive but are powered by the ambient fluid. The unique feature notably widens the pool of material selection and allows further treatment to strengthen the polymer matrix without concerns of trade-off between the mechanical properties with the actuation capability. The tough, photo-inactive gel maneuvers precisely, traveling effortlessly in and out of the tunnels, and enables versatile phototactic locomotion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guodong Hou and Xuning Wang and Feiyu Zhang and Wei Lu and Xin Chen and Tiannan Yang and Guang Meng and Xiaoshi Qian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4507}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads4507}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A photo-mechanically inactive tough gel exhibits multimodal, light-guided underwater navigation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Epilogue to the war: Afghanistan reports the lowest well-being in recorded history. SCIADV, 11(22), eads4156. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wars have profound effects on well-being, but what about the ending of war? This study investigates this topic using representative samples of 4127 Afghans living through the latter stages of the War in Afghanistan and its aftermath. We find that the life satisfaction of Afghans dropped significantly following the conclusion of the War in Afghanistan in 2022, with two-thirds reporting a life satisfaction rating of 0 or 1 on a 0-to-10–point scale. When compared to data from two international well-being datasets together covering more than 170 countries between 1946 and 2022, the mean life satisfaction score in Afghanistan following the Taliban regaining power ( M = 1.28) is the lowest ever recorded. The mean hope score in the country also dropped to a critically low level ( M = 1.02) in 2022. Wars are devastating, but the conclusion of war can appear worse from the perspectives of civilians despite the de-escalation of physical violence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Levi D. Stutzman and Phyllis Lun and Mei Yang and Kenith Chan and Felix Cheung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4156}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads4156}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Epilogue to the war: Afghanistan reports the lowest well-being in recorded history}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asymmetric tacticity navigates the localized metal spin state for sustainable alkaline/sea water oxidation. SCIADV, 11(22), eads0861. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that involves a spin-dependent singlet-to-triplet oxygen changeover largely restrains the water electrolysis efficiency for hydrogen production. However, the modulation of spin state is still challengeable for most OER catalysts, and there remains a debate on deciphering the active spin state in OER. Here, we pioneered an asymmetric Fe-incorporated NiPS 3 tactic system to retune the metal localized spin for efficient OER electrocatalysis. It is unraveled that the synergistic effect of medium-spin Fe III site and P/S coordination can effectively boost OER activity and Cl resistance selectivity in alkaline/sea water. Resultantly, the Fe/NiPS 3 -based asymmetric electrodes exhibit low cell voltages of 1.50 volts/1.52 volts in alkaline/sea water at 10 milliamperes per square centimeter, together with a sustainable retention for 1000 hours. It also delivers the durable performance in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers with a low operation voltage at 45°C. This research navigates the atomic localized spin state as the criterion in rationalizing efficient nonprecious alkaline/sea water oxidation electrocatalysts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yaoda Liu and Lei Li and Xuning Li and Yifan Xu and Dongshuang Wu and Thangavel Sakthivel and Zhixin Guo and Xiaoxu Zhao and Zhengfei Dai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0861}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eads0861}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asymmetric tacticity navigates the localized metal spin state for sustainable alkaline/sea water oxidation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Continuous-time digital twin with analog memristive neural ordinary differential equation solver. SCIADV, 11(22), eadr7571. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Digital twins, which replicate real-world entities through computational models, are transforming manufacturing and automation. While recent advances in machine learning have enabled data-driven digital twin development using discrete-time data and finite-depth models on digital hardware, these approaches face significant limitations. They struggle to capture continuous-time dynamics and model complex systems, and suffer from substantial time and energy overheads due to physically separated storage and processing as well as frequent analog-digital (A/D) conversions. Here, we propose a memristive neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver for digital twins. Our approach is intrinsically time-continuous using infinite-depth neural networks to model complex dynamics. Fully analog memristor arrays collocate storage and computation, addressing the von Neumann bottleneck and reducing A/D conversion requirements. We experimentally validate our solver on digital twins of HP variable-resistor model and Lorenz96 dynamics, demonstrating a 166.5-fold/369.3-fold speedup and a 499.0-fold/673.9-fold improvement in energy efficiency, respectively. This work paves the way to future digital twins for Industry 4.0.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hegan Chen and Jichang Yang and Jia Chen and Songqi Wang and Shaocong Wang and Dingchen Wang and Xinyu Tian and Yifei Yu and Xi Chen and Yinan Lin and Qifan Zhu and Yangu He and Xiaoshan Wu and Yi Li and Xinyuan Zhang and Ning Lin and Meng Xu and Xumeng Zhang and Xiaojuan Qi and Zhongrui Wang and Han Wang and Dashan Shang and Qi Liu and Kwang-Ting Cheng and Ming Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7571}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadr7571}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Continuous-time digital twin with analog memristive neural ordinary differential equation solver}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding predicted future states from the brain’s “physics engine”. SCIADV, 11(22), eadr7429. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Successful engagement with the physical world requires the ability to predict future events and plan interventions to alter that future. Growing evidence implicates a set of regions in the human parietal and frontal lobes [also known as the “physics network” (PN)] in such intuitive physical inferences. However, the central tenet of this hypothesis, that PN runs forward simulations to predict future states, remains untested. In this preregistered study, we first show that PN abstractly represents whether two objects are in contact with each other, a physical scene property critical for prediction (because objects’ fates are intertwined when they are in contact). We then show that PN (but not other visual areas) carries abstract information about predicted future contact events (i.e., collisions). These findings support the hypothesis that PN contains a generative model of the physical world that conducts forward simulations, serving as the brain’s “physics engine.”}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {R. T. Pramod and Elizabeth Mieczkowski and Cyn X. Fang and Joshua B. Tenenbaum and Nancy Kanwisher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7429}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadr7429}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding predicted future states from the brain’s “physics engine”}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-affinity PQQ import is widespread in gram-negative bacteria. SCIADV, 11(22), eadr2753. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a soluble redox cofactor used by diverse bacteria. Many Gram-negative bacteria that encode PQQ-dependent enzymes do not produce it and instead obtain it from the environment. To achieve this, Escherichia coli uses the TonB-dependent transporter PqqU as a high-affinity PQQ importer. Here, we show that PqqU binds PQQ with high affinity and determine the high-resolution structure of the PqqU-PQQ complex, revealing that PqqU undergoes conformational changes in PQQ binding to capture the cofactor in an internal cavity. We show that these conformational changes preclude the binding of a bacteriophage, which targets PqqU as a cell surface receptor. Guided by the PqqU-PQQ structure, we identify amino acids essential for PQQ import and leverage this information to map the presence of PqqU across Gram-negative bacteria. This reveals that PqqU is encoded by Gram-negative bacteria from at least 22 phyla occupying diverse habitats, indicating that PQQ is an important cofactor for bacteria that adopt diverse lifestyles and metabolic strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fabian Munder and Marcos Voutsinos and Klaus Hantke and Hari Venugopal and Rhys Grinter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2753}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadr2753}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-affinity PQQ import is widespread in gram-negative bacteria}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hybrid neural networks in the mushroom body drive olfactory preference in drosophila. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq9893. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In Drosophila melanogaster , olfactory encoding in the mushroom body (MB) involves thousands of Kenyon cells (KCs) processing inputs from hundreds of projection neurons (PNs). Recent data challenge the notion of random PN-to-KC connectivity, revealing preferential connections between food-related PNs and specific KCs. Our study further uncovers a broader picture—an L-shaped hybrid network, supported by spatial patterning: Food-related PNs diverge across KC classes, whereas pheromone-sensitive PNs converge on γ KCs. α/β KCs specialize in food odors, whereas γ KCs integrate diverse inputs. Such spatial arrangement extends further to the antennal lobe (AL) and lateral horn (LH), shaping a systematic olfactory landscape. Moreover, our functional validations align with computational predictions of KC odor encoding based on the hybrid connectivity, correlating PN-KC activity with behavioral preferences. In addition, our simulations showcase the network’s augmented sensitivity and precise discrimination abilities, underscoring the computational benefits of this hybrid architecture in olfactory processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Li-Shan Cheng and Ching-Che Charng and Ruei-Huang Chen and Kuan-Lin Feng and Ann-Shyn Chiang and Chung-Chuan Lo and Ting-Kuo Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9893}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq9893}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hybrid neural networks in the mushroom body drive olfactory preference in drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic regulation of vesicle pools in a detailed spatial model of the complete synaptic vesicle cycle. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq6477. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synaptic transmission is driven by a complex cycle of vesicle docking, release, and recycling, maintained by distinct vesicle pools. However, the partitioning of vesicle pools and reserve pool recruitment remain poorly understood. We use a novel vesicle modeling technology to model the synaptic vesicle cycle in unprecedented molecular and spatial detail at a hippocampal synapse. Our model demonstrates robust recycling of synaptic vesicles that maintains consistent synaptic release, even during sustained high-frequency firing. We also show how the cytosolic proteins synapsin-1 and tomosyn-1 cooperate to regulate recruitment of reserve pool vesicles during sustained firing to maintain transmission, as well as the potential of selective vesicle active zone tethering to ensure rapid vesicle replenishment while minimizing reserve pool recruitment. We also monitored vesicle usage in isolated hippocampal neurons using pH-sensitive pHluorin, demonstrating that reserve vesicle recruitment depends on firing frequency, even at nonphysiologically high firing frequencies, as predicted by the model.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrew R. Gallimore and Iain Hepburn and Svilen V. Georgiev and Silvio O. Rizzoli and Erik De Schutter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6477}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq6477}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic regulation of vesicle pools in a detailed spatial model of the complete synaptic vesicle cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Experimental demonstration of generalized quantum fluctuation theorems in the presence of coherence. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq6014. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluctuation theorems have elevated the second law of thermodynamics to a statistical realm by establishing a connection between time-forward and time-reversal probabilities, providing invaluable insight into nonequilibrium dynamics. While well established in classical systems, their quantum generalization, incorporating coherence and the diversity of quantum noise, remains open. We report the experimental validation of a quantum fluctuation theorem (QFT) in a photonic system, applicable to general quantum processes with nonclassical characteristics, including quasi-probabilistic descriptions of entropy production and multiple time-reversal processes. Our experiment confirms that the ratio between the quasi-probabilities of the time-forward and any multiple time-reversal processes obeys a generalized Crooks QFT. Moreover, coherence induced by a quantum process leads to the imaginary components of quantum entropy production, governing the phase factor in the QFT. These findings underscore the fundamental symmetry between a general quantum process and its time reversal, providing an elementary toolkit to explore noisy quantum information processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Li and Jie Xie and Hyukjoon Kwon and Yixin Zhao and M. S. Kim and Lijian Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6014}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq6014}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Experimental demonstration of generalized quantum fluctuation theorems in the presence of coherence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FTO regulates ELK3-mediated metabolic rewiring and represents a unique therapeutic target in t cell leukemia. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq3052. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the regulation of N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A), the prominent internal modification in mRNA, fosters the development of potential therapeutic strategies for human cancers. While the m 6 A demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 are recognized for their crucial roles in various cancers, their impact on lymphoid leukemia remains uncertain. Using T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) as a model system, we identify FTO as a unique vulnerability in T cell leukemia. Knockout of FTO , but not ALKBH5 , significantly suppresses leukemia initiation and progression. Mechanistic analysis reveals that FTO heightens ELK3 mRNA stability in an m 6 A-dependent manner. Elevated ELK3 in turn transcriptionally activates the expression of glycolytic genes. Pharmacological inhibition of FTO suppresses ELK3 expression, hampers glycolysis and manifests remarkable antileukemia efficacy. Our findings unravel the crucial role of FTO in T-ALL and highlight the FTO-ELK3 axis as a key nodule during leukemogenesis, thereby providing a fundamental basis to harness selective FTO antagonist for T-ALL therapeutics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hao Huang and Xinlu Li and Jinlian Luo and Chuan Gao and Mengjie Yang and Jin Xu and Ting Xie and Zhi Chen and Donghai Wang and Yuan Wang and Hua-Bing Li and Jinyan Huang and Yu Liu and Haojian Zhang and Panagiotis Ntziachristos and Yun Zhao and Guoliang Qing and Hudan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3052}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq3052}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FTO regulates ELK3-mediated metabolic rewiring and represents a unique therapeutic target in t cell leukemia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The efficiency of EURO 6d car particulate filters is compromised by atmospheric aging: In vitro toxicity of gasoline car exhaust. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq2348. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tailpipe emissions from road traffic contribute substantially to the burden of fine inhalable particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and deteriorate air quality. Exhaust emission standards, forcing improvements in combustion and exhaust after-treatment technology, considerably decreases combustion-related PM 2.5 emitted by modern cars. A549 cancerous alveolar and BEAS-2B normal bronchial epithelial cells were exposed at the air-liquid interface to the total aerosol or gas phase of either fresh or photochemically aged tailpipe emissions from a gasoline EURO 6d car equipped with a gasoline particulate filter. Diluted fresh emissions contained particle number concentrations comparable to low ambient air levels and induced no detectable cytotoxicity. Photochemical aging led to the formation of secondary aerosols and caused significant cytotoxicity. While the aged aerosol induced significant DNA damage, oxidative stress was more associated with volatile secondary species. Our results call for the consideration of the exhaust emission atmospheric transformation processes in future emission standards toward health effect-driven emission regulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mathilde N. Delaval and Hendryk Czech and Mohammad Almasaleekh and Svenja Offer and Jana Pantzke and Mika Ihalainen and Pasi Yli-Pirilä and Markus Somero and Miika Kortelainen and Nadine Gawlitta and Jürgen Orasche and Gert Jakobi and Deeksha Shukla and Patrick Martens and Andreas Paul and Zheng Fang and Michal Pardo and Alexandre Barth and Battist Utinger and Seongho Jeong and Narges Rastak and Evelyn Kuhn and Anja Huber and Arya Mukherjee and Arunas Mesceriakovas and Jorma Joutsensaari and Jani Leskinen and Anni Hartikainen and Johannes Passig and Sebastian Oeder and Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis and Thorsten Hohaus and Astrid Kiendler-Scharr and Markus Kalberer and Sebastiano Di Bucchianico and Yinon Rudich and Olli Sippula and Ralf Zimmermann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2348}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq2348}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The efficiency of EURO 6d car particulate filters is compromised by atmospheric aging: In vitro toxicity of gasoline car exhaust}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amplified narrowband perovskite photodetectors enabled by independent multiplication layers for anti-interference light detection. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq1127. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metal-halide perovskite narrowband photodetectors offer a low-cost opportunity to detect specific signals covering a broad spectrum directly. However, the thickness of charge collection narrowing mechanism photodetectors increases recombination, resulting in performance bottlenecks. Here, we demonstrate amplified narrowband photodetectors that combine perovskite single-crystal absorbers and organic multiplication layers. The separation of the multiplication layer controls the density of trap states while amplifying the response of conventional narrowband photodetectors by more than 215 times. The carrier dynamics were characterized by ultrafast measurement, thus verifying the mechanism of response amplification. By analyzing multiplication with different trap states energy levels under charge injection, it is shown that dopants have a wide selection space, providing a feasible path for high-performance narrowband photodetectors. As a result, the external quantum efficiency of 2259% with a 38-nanometer full width at half maximum and the specific detectivity of 4.84 × 10 12 Jones was obtained at 825 nanometers. Last, we demonstrated the anti-interference signal acquisition capability of our photodetector.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yao Ma and Xinglu Xu and Tengfei Li and Zemin Wang and Nan Li and Xin Zhao and Wei Wei and Xiaowei Zhan and Liang Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1127}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq1127}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amplified narrowband perovskite photodetectors enabled by independent multiplication layers for anti-interference light detection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct and indirect striatal projecting neurons exert strategy-dependent effects on decision-making. SCIADV, 11(22), eadq0484. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The striatum plays a key role in decision-making, with its effects varying with anatomical location and direct and indirect pathway striatal projecting neuron (d- and iSPN) populations. Using a mouse gambling task with a reinforcement-learning model, we described individual decision-making profiles as a combination of three archetypal strategies: Optimizers, Risk-averse, and Explorers. These strategies reflected stable differences in the parameters generating decisions (sensitivity to the reward magnitude, to risk, or to punishment) derived from a reinforcement-learning model of animal choice. Chemogenetic manipulation showed that dorsomedial striatum (DMS) neurons substantially affect decision-making, while the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral striatum neurons (DLS) have lesser or no effects, respectively. Specifically, DMS dSPNs decrease risk aversion by increasing the perceived value of risky choices, while DMS iSPNs emphasize large gains, affecting decisions depending on decision-making profiles. Hence, we propose that striatal populations from different subregions influence distinct decision-making parameters, leading to profile-dependent choices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elena Chaves Rodriguez and Jérémie Naudé and Daniel Rial and Alban de Kerchove d’Exaerde}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0484}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadq0484}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct and indirect striatal projecting neurons exert strategy-dependent effects on decision-making}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Association of human-specific expanded short tandem repeats with neuron-specific regulatory features. SCIADV, 11(22), eadp9707. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Short tandem repeats (STRs), characterized by high–copy number mutations, represent one of the fastest-evolving genomic elements. However, human-specific expanded STRs (heSTRs) have lacked comprehensive genome-wide characterization. Leveraging 148 human and 26 nonhuman primate haploid genomes, we identified 8813 heSTRs with robust expansions in copy number distributions. Our analysis revealed notable associations between heSTRs and brain- and neuron-specific distal regulatory signals. Potential target genes regulated by heSTRs, identified by incorporating distal regulations, are enriched with neuronal development–related functions and disorders, displaying neuron-specific expression enhancement in humans. Moreover, heSTRs are associated with enhanced chromatin accessibility specifically in human neurons. In addition, heSTRs show substantial association with pathogenic STR loci exhibiting abnormal copy number variations, as reported by cohort studies on schizophrenia and autism. This study underscores the role of heSTRs in both human evolution and disorders, offering valuable insights for future research on STRs from an evolutionary perspective.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiming Liu and Weidong Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9707}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadp9707}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Association of human-specific expanded short tandem repeats with neuron-specific regulatory features}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Serial-femtosecond crystallography reveals how a phytochrome variant couples chromophore and protein structural changes. SCIADV, 11(22), eadp2665. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The photoreaction and commensurate structural changes of a chromophore within biological photoreceptors elicit conformational transitions of the protein promoting the switch between deactivated and activated states. We investigated how this coupling is achieved in a bacterial phytochrome variant, Agp2-PAiRFP2. Contrary to classical protein crystallography, which only allows probing (cryo-trapped) stable states, we have used time-resolved serial femtosecond x-ray crystallography (tr-SFX) and pump-probe techniques with various illumination and delay times with respect to photoexcitation of the parent Pfr state. Thus, structural data for seven time frames were sorted into groups of molecular events along the reaction coordinate. They range from chromophore isomerization to the formation of Meta-F, the intermediate that precedes the functional relevant secondary structure transition of the tongue. Structural data for the early events were used to calculate the photoisomerization pathway to complement the experimental data. Late events allow identifying the molecular switch that is linked to the intramolecular proton transfer as a prerequisite for the following structural transitions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luisa Sauthof and Michal Szczepek and Andrea Schmidt and Asmit Bhowmick and Medhanjali Dasgupta and Megan J. Mackintosh and Sheraz Gul and Franklin D. Fuller and Ruchira Chatterjee and Iris D. Young and Norbert Michael and Nicolas Andreas Heyder and Brian Bauer and Anja Koch and Isabel Bogacz and In-Sik Kim and Philipp S. Simon and Agata Butryn and Pierre Aller and Volha U. Chukhutsina and James M. Baxter and Christopher D. M. Hutchison and Dorothee Liebschner and Billy Poon and Nicholas K. Sauter and Mitchell D. Miller and George N. Phillips Jr. and Roberto Alonso-Mori and Mark S. Hunter and Alexander Batyuk and Shigeki Owada and Kensuke Tono and Rie Tanaka and Jasper J. van Thor and Norbert Krauß and Tilman Lamparter and Aaron S. Brewster and Igor Schapiro and Allen M. Orville and Vittal K. Yachandra and Junko Yano and Peter Hildebrandt and Jan F. Kern and Patrick Scheerer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2665}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {22}, pages = {eadp2665}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Serial-femtosecond crystallography reveals how a phytochrome variant couples chromophore and protein structural changes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “LncRNA GIRGL drives CAPRIN1-mediated phase separation to suppress glutaminase-1 translation under glutamine deprivation” by r. wang et al.. SCIADV, 11(21), eady7699. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of Fig. 4B and Fig. 6F in the Research Article “LncRNA GIRGL drives CAPRIN1-mediated phase separation to suppress glutaminase-1 translation under glutamine deprivation” by R. Wang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady7699}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eady7699}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “LncRNA GIRGL drives CAPRIN1-mediated phase separation to suppress glutaminase-1 translation under glutamine deprivation” by r. wang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Adult neural stem cells have latent inflammatory potential that is kept suppressed by tcf4 to facilitate adult neurogenesis” by m. shariq et al.. SCIADV, 11(21), eady7012. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of Figs. 1C and 5E and table S6 in the Research Article “Adult neural stem cells have latent inflammatory potential that is kept suppressed by Tcf4 to facilitate adult neurogenesis” by M. Shariq et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady7012}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eady7012}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Adult neural stem cells have latent inflammatory potential that is kept suppressed by tcf4 to facilitate adult neurogenesis” by m. shariq et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Macrophage hitchhiking nanomedicine for enhanced β-elemene delivery and tumor therapy. SCIADV, 11(21), eadw7191. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems hold promise for tumor therapy; however, they frequently encounter challenges such as low delivery efficiency and suboptimal efficacy. Engineered living cells can redirect drug delivery systems to effectively reach targeted sites. Here, we used living macrophages as vehicles, attaching them with GeS nanosheets (GeSNSs) carrying β-elemene for transport to tumor sites. GeSNSs act as efficient sonosensitizers, enhancing ultrasound-induced reactive oxygen species generation for treating 4T1 breast tumors. Notably, macrophage hitchhiking delivery of β-elemene–loaded GeSNSs not only achieves high accumulation in tumor regions and suppresses tumor growth under ultrasound treatment, but also effectively remodels the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by improving M1-like macrophage polarization and enhancing the populations of mature dendritic cells, CD4 + , and CD8 + lymphocytes, thereby facilitating enhanced sonodynamic chemoimmunotherapy. These findings underscore the potential of macrophage hitchhiking strategy for drug delivery and suggest broader applicability of engineered living materials–mediated delivery technologies in disease therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuying Chen and Yongjiang Li and Zhuoming Zhou and Qimanguli Saiding and Yiming Zhang and Soohwan An and Muhammad Muzamil Khan and Xiaoyuan Ji and Ruirui Qiao and Wei Tao and Na Kong and Wei Chen and Tian Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7191}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadw7191}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Macrophage hitchhiking nanomedicine for enhanced β-elemene delivery and tumor therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fast quantum interferometry at the nanometer and attosecond scales with energy-entangled photons. SCIADV, 11(21), eadw4938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In classical optical interferometry, loss and background complicate achieving fast nanometer-resolution measurements with illumination at low light levels. Conversely, quantum two-photon interference is unaffected by loss and background, but nanometer-scale resolution is physically difficult to realize. As a solution, we enhance two-photon interference with highly nondegenerate energy entanglement featuring photon frequencies separated by 177 THz. We observe measurement resolution at the nanometer (attosecond) scale with only O (10 4 ) photon pairs, despite the presence of background and loss. Our nondestructive thickness measurement of a metallic thin film agrees with atomic force microscopy, which often achieves better resolution via destructive means. With contactless, nondestructive measurements in seconds or faster, our instrument enables metrological studies in optically challenging contexts where background, loss, or photosensitivity are factors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Colin P. Lualdi and Spencer J. Johnson and Michael Vayninger and Kristina A. Meier and Swetapadma Sahoo and Simeon I. Bogdanov and Paul G. Kwiat}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw4938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadw4938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fast quantum interferometry at the nanometer and attosecond scales with energy-entangled photons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Increased maize chromosome number by engineered chromosome fission. SCIADV, 11(21), eadw3433. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Activation of synthetic centromeres on chromosome 4 in maize leads to its breakage and formation of trisomic fragments called neochromosomes. A limitation of neochromosomes is their low and unpredictable transmission rates due to trisomy. Here, we report that selecting for dicentric recombinants through male crosses uncovers stabilized chromosome 4 fission events, which split it into 4a-4b complementary chromosome pairs, where 4a carries a native centromere and 4b carries a synthetic one. The cells rapidly stabilized chromosome ends by de novo telomere formation, and the new centromeres spread among genes without altering their expression. When both 4a and 4b chromosomes were made homozygous, they segregated through meiosis indistinguishably from wild type and gave rise to healthy plants with normal seed set, indicating that the synthetic centromere was fully functional. This work leverages synthetic centromeres to engineer chromosome fission, raising the diploid chromosome number of maize from 20 to 22.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yibing Zeng and Mingyu Wang and Jonathan I. Gent and R. Kelly Dawe}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3433}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadw3433}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Increased maize chromosome number by engineered chromosome fission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The role of boron in controlling the pH of lithium brines. SCIADV, 11(21), eadw3268. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The global clean energy transition requires the development of alternative energy technologies that rely on critical raw materials including lithium. Closed-basin brines, which generate ~40% of global lithium production, often have a circumneutral pH; however, during the evaporative concentration required for lithium production, the evaporated brines become acidic. Using primary geochemical and boron isotope data from the Salar de Uyuni (SDU), Bolivia combined with a modeling approach, we show that boron enrichment, which commonly co-occurs with lithium in closed-basin brines, is the primary factor in controlling the pH of brines from the SDU. We demonstrate that boron in global lithium- and boron-rich brines from closed basins exerts a similar influence on brine pH. The unique boron enrichments and its speciation can explain large proportions of alkalinity in these brines (~98% at the SDU), where evaporation alters the dissociation of boric acid, which triggers the formation of acidic evaporated brines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gordon D. Z. Williams and Paz Nativ and Avner Vengosh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3268}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadw3268}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The role of boron in controlling the pH of lithium brines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding the formation of barred olivine chondrules: Realization of numerical replication. SCIADV, 11(21), eadw1187. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Millimeter-sized silicate spherules embedded in primitive meteorites, namely, “chondrules,” are the primary solid component of the early solar nebula. They exhibit distinctive solidification textures, formed through rapid cooling from a molten state. The formation conditions of these textures have primarily been inferred on the basis of dynamic crystallization experiments; however, the theoretical verification of the solidification process has been largely neglected. Here, we conducted numerical simulations of the solidification of chondrule melt and successfully reproduced a crystal growth pattern resembling a typical barred olivine chondrule texture. This pattern emerged under conditions of rapid cooling, exceeding 10 4 kelvins hour −1 , which is substantially larger than those inferred experimentally. These results suggest that theories of chondrule formation in the nebula, which have been developed based on experimental results, should be reexamined.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hitoshi Miura and Tomoyo Morita and Tomoki Nakamura and Kana Watanabe and Akira Tsuchiyama and Yuki Kimura and Chihiro Koyama}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1187}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadw1187}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding the formation of barred olivine chondrules: Realization of numerical replication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanoregulative hydrogel facilitates rapid scarless healing by self-adaptive control of wound niche at different stages. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv9895. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {It is essential to spatiotemporally control the microniche of wound at different healing stages for rapid and scarless healing. Hence, a multifunctional soft hydrogel integrated with programmed drug release capability (MLVgel) was fabricated. MLVgel is adhesive and moldable with low friction response, which provides moisture and responses to an infectious environment to deliver bactericidal and antioxidant effects in rat bacterial infection and burn wound models. By release control, instant short-term inflammation suppression is combined with sustained mechano-transduction signal inhibition. This dynamically modulates immune responses and delays En1 + fibroblast activation via the YAP-TEAD pathway, ultimately facilitating scarless wound regeneration. Genomic analyses showed that the enhanced reepithelization and mechanoregulation by MLVgel during different wound phases are indispensable for its therapeutic outcomes. Last, MLVgel resulted in markedly improved healing in a pig mature scar model, which demonstrated its translation potential. Our results also verified the necessity of programed dynamic regulation in the healing process.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haozhou Shu and Taotian Zhang and Yilin Jiang and Zhenkang Diao and Yani Xu and Jiaying Long and Tianyuan Chen and Mengxing Zhang and Zhirong Zhang and Junjie Chen and Shiqi Huang and Ling Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9895}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv9895}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanoregulative hydrogel facilitates rapid scarless healing by self-adaptive control of wound niche at different stages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Collision-induced rogue waves and universal transport dynamics in chaotic kerr microresonators. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv9422. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coherently driven optical microresonators with Kerr nonlinearity have received intense interest since they host various nonlinear optical states including solitons and chaos. Recently, chaotic modulational instabilities (MIs)—a state far from equilibrium—have been exploited for parallel ranging and random number generation. Despite theoretical predictions suggesting unconventional wave statistics in chaotic MI, its rapidly varying temporal waveforms have prohibited direct experimental assessment. Here, we use a frequency-agile optical frequency comb to coherently interrogate the optical field within the microresonator in both temporal and spectral domains. In the chaotic regime, we observe transient events characterized by extremely high optical intensity, identified as rogue waves based on the long-tailed distribution of peak powers. Statistical analysis of many rogue wave events reveals their origin as pulse collisions. Our full-field measurement further unveils universal correlated photon transport that determines the collision process.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ze Wang and Kaixuan Zhu and Fangxing Zhang and Qihuang Gong and Qi-Fan Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9422}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv9422}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Collision-induced rogue waves and universal transport dynamics in chaotic kerr microresonators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Controlled reversible methionine-selective sulfimidation of peptides. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv8712. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Site-selective chemical peptide manipulation is an effective strategy to understand and regulate structure and function. However, methionine-selective modification remains one of the most difficult challenges in peptide chemistry, with notable limited strategies. In this study, we report a general reversible modification strategy at methionine sites that uses the ruthenium-catalyzed sulfimidation of peptides. This method provides a convenient and effective strategy for late-stage peptide functionalization. The N═S bonds of the conjugates are reduced in the presence of glutathione, resulting the traceless releasing of corresponding peptides and amides. Practical applications are then demonstrated using precise reversible modifications of bioactive peptides, the stapling and linearization of peptides, peptide-drug conjugates, and split-and-pool synthesis. This on/off strategy through methionine-selective and reversible sulfimidation provides a unique tool for peptide chemistry and peptide-based drug discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zeyuan He and Xiufang Zhao and Wen-Yan Gao and Guangjun Bao and Yiping Li and Quan Zuo and Xinyi Song and Ling-Yun Mou and Wangsheng Sun and Rui Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8712}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv8712}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Controlled reversible methionine-selective sulfimidation of peptides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomic-resolution structural and spectroscopic evidence for the synthetic realization of two-dimensional copper boride. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv8385. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Since the first realization of borophene on Ag(111), two-dimensional (2D) boron nanomaterials have attracted substantial interest because of their polymorphic diversity and potential for hosting solid-state quantum phenomena. Here, we use atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and field-emission resonance (FER) spectroscopy to elucidate the structure and properties of atomically thin boron phases grown on Cu(111). Specifically, FER spectroscopy reveals charge transfer and electronic states that strongly differ from the decoupled borophene phases observed on silver, suggesting that the deposition of boron on copper results in strong covalent bonding characteristic of a 2D copper boride. This conclusion is reinforced by detailed STM characterization of line defects that are consistent with density functional theory calculations for atomically thin Cu 8 B 14 . This evidence for 2D copper boride is likely to motivate future synthetic efforts aimed at expanding the relatively unexplored family of atomically thin metal boride materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Li and Qiyuan Ruan and Cataldo Lamarca and Albert Tsui and Boris I. Yakobson and Mark C. Hersam}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8385}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv8385}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomic-resolution structural and spectroscopic evidence for the synthetic realization of two-dimensional copper boride}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Moiré cavity quantum electrodynamics. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv8115. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum emitters are a key component in photonic quantum technologies. Enhancing single-photon emission by engineering their photonic environment is essential for improving overall efficiency in quantum information processing. However, this enhancement is often limited by the need for ultraprecise emitter placement within conventional photonic cavities. Inspired by the fascinating physics of moiré pattern, we propose a multilayer moiré photonic crystal with a robust isolated flatband. Theoretical analysis reveals that, with nearly infinite photonic density of states, the moiré cavity simultaneously has a high Purcell factor and large tolerance over the emitter’s position, breaking the constraints of conventional cavities. We then experimentally demonstrate various cavity quantum electrodynamic phenomena with a quantum dot in moiré cavity. A large tuning range (up to 40-fold) of quantum dot’s radiative lifetime is achieved through strong Purcell enhancement and inhibition effects. Our findings open the door for moiré flatband cavity–enhanced quantum light sources and quantum nodes for the quantum internet.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-Tong Wang and Qi-Hang Ye and Jun-Yong Yan and Yufei Qiao and Yu-Xin Liu and Yong-Zheng Ye and Chen Chen and Xiao-Tian Cheng and Chen-Hui Li and Zi-Jian Zhang and Cheng-Nian Huang and Yun Meng and Kai Zou and Wen-Kang Zhan and Chao Zhao and Xiaolong Hu and Clarence Augustine T. H. Tee and Wei E. I. Sha and Zhixiang Huang and Huiyun Liu and Chao-Yuan Jin and Lei Ying and Feng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8115}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv8115}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Moiré cavity quantum electrodynamics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active transport enables protein condensation in cells. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv7875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multiple factors drive biomolecular condensate formation. In plants, condensation of the transcription factors AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7) and ARF19 attenuates response to the plant hormone auxin. Here, we report that actin-mediated movement of cytoplasmic ARF condensates enhances condensation. Coarse-grained molecular simulations of active polymers reveal that applied forces drive the associations of macromolecules to enhance phase separation while giving rise to dense phases that preferentially accumulate motile molecules. Our study highlights how molecular motility can drive phase separation, with implications for motile condensates while offering insights into cellular mechanisms that can regulate condensate dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gaurav Chauhan and Edward G. Wilkinson and Yaning Yuan and Samuel R. Cohen and Masayuki Onishi and Rohit V. Pappu and Lucia C. Strader}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv7875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active transport enables protein condensation in cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Extending tetrahedral network similarity to carbon: A type-I carbon clathrate stabilized by boron. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv6867. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Clathrates are guest/host framework compounds composed of polyhedral cages, yet despite their prevalence among tetrahedral network formers, clathrates with a carbon host lattice remain unrealized synthetic targets. Here, we report a type-I carbon-based framework—a ubiquitous clathrate structure type found throughout compounds containing tetrahedral building blocks. Following a boron-stabilization scheme based on first-principles predictions in the Ca–B–C system at high pressure, type-I Ca 8 B x C 46− x ( x ≈ 9) was synthesized in the archetypal Pm 3 ¯ n lattice with stability derived from substitutionally disordered boron atoms on hexagonal ring framework positions. The synthesized clathrate, which is recoverable to ambient conditions, expands topological network similarity across tetrahedral systems and opens possibilities for a broad family of diamond-like, carbon-based compounds with tunable properties based on the wide potential for guest/host-atom substitutions and framework versatility.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Timothy A. Strobel and Tiange Bi and Piotr A. Guńka and Mads F. Hansen and Julia-Maria Hübner and Samuel G. Dunning and Li Zhu and Stella Chariton and Vitali B. Prakapenka and Yue Meng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6867}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv6867}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Extending tetrahedral network similarity to carbon: A type-I carbon clathrate stabilized by boron}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Immunopeptidomics-guided discovery and characterization of neoantigens for personalized cancer immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv6445. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neoantigens have emerged as ideal targets for personalized cancer immunotherapy. We depict the pan-cancer peptide atlas by comprehensively collecting immunopeptidomics from 531 samples across 14 cancer and 29 normal tissues, and identify 389,165 canonical and 70,270 noncanonical peptides. We reveal that noncanonical peptides exhibit comparable presentation levels as canonical peptides across cancer types. Tumor-specific peptides exhibit significantly distinct biochemical characteristics compared with those observed in normal tissues. We further propose an immunopeptidomic-guided machine learning-based neoantigen screening pipeline (MaNeo) to prioritize neo-peptides as immunotherapy targets. Benchmark analysis reveals MaNeo results in the accurate identification of shared and tumor-specific canonical and noncanonical neo-peptides. Last, we use MaNeo to detect and validate three neo-peptides in cancer cell lines, which can effectively induce increased proliferation of active T cells and T cell responses to kill cancer cells but not damage healthy cells. The pan-cancer peptide atlas and proposed MaNeo pipeline hold great promise for the discovery of canonical and noncanonical neoantigens for cancer immunotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yangyang Cai and Manyu Gong and Mengqian Zeng and Feng Leng and Dezhong Lv and Jiyu Guo and Hao Wang and Yapeng Li and Quan Lin and Jing Jing and Ying Zhang and Juan Xu and Yongsheng Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6445}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv6445}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Immunopeptidomics-guided discovery and characterization of neoantigens for personalized cancer immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gradual labeling with fluorogenic probes: A general method for MINFLUX imaging and tracking. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv5971. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Minimal photon fluxes (MINFLUX) nanoscopy excels in nanoscale protein studies but lacks a universal method for simultaneous imaging and live-cell tracking in dense cellular environments. Here, we developed a general strategy, gradual labeling with fluorogenic probes for MINFLUX (GLF-MINFLUX) imaging and tracking. In GLF-MINFLUX, membrane-permeable small-molecule fluorogenic dye with protein-induced “off/on” switching is gradually labeled, located, and bleached, enabling sequential positioning and tracking of individual proteins. GLF-MINFLUX reveals continuous microtubules with 2.6-nanometer localization precision, offering substantially improved precision (1.7-fold), acquisition (2.2-fold), and target density (3-fold) compared to conventional MINFLUX with Alexa Fluor 647. GLF-MINFLUX also enabled the three-dimensional localization of translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 proteins within mitochondrial clusters and dual-channel nanoscale imaging of endogenous neuronal microtubules and microfilaments. GLF-MINFLUX allowed live-cell single-protein tracking with 7.8-nanometer precision at ~200-microsecond temporal resolution, revealing distinct diffusion behaviors and rates between the basal membrane and filopodia. GLF-MINFLUX, requiring only tuning of probe concentration, offers molecular-level insights into protein functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Longfang Yao and Dongjuan Si and Liwen Chen and Shu Li and Jiaxin Guan and Qiming Zhang and Jing Wang and Jiong Ma and Lu Wang and Min Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5971}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv5971}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gradual labeling with fluorogenic probes: A general method for MINFLUX imaging and tracking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diversity of omission responses to visual images across brain-wide regions. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv5651. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An organism’s survival depends on its ability to anticipate forthcoming events and detect discrepancies between the expected and actual sensory inputs. We analyzed data from mice performing a visual go/no-go change-detection task where the sequence of stimulus presentations was intermittently interrupted by omission of a stimulus. The omission of a visual stimulus did not elicit discernable spiking responses in visual cortical neurons. Instead, firing rates between image presentations, including the omission period, ramped linearly and without interruption at the time of the omitted image. Several neuron types in visual cortex neurons were identified with various responses to images and their omissions. A minority of cells in nonvisual areas, including the hippocampus, increased their firing rates at the omitted stimulus onset even when these neurons did not respond to the images. Our study elucidates the origin of omission responses in the visual cortex and sheds light on the role of hippocampal and subcortical circuits in omission detection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Noam Nitzan and György Buzsáki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5651}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv5651}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diversity of omission responses to visual images across brain-wide regions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Snora54 negatively regulates self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and gut regeneration via suppression of notch2 signaling. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv4725. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The self-renewal of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and ensuring regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. However, whether small nucleolar RNAs participate in the regulation of ISC self-renewal remains unclear. Here, we identified a small nucleolar RNA ( Snora54 ) that was highly expressed in the nucleolus of ISCs. Snora54 knockout enhanced the self-renewal capacity of ISCs and intestinal regeneration. Mechanistically, in a steady state, highly expressed Snora54 anchored the nucleolar protein Lyar in the nucleolus of ISCs, preventing Lyar from translocation into the nucleoplasm. Thereby, Lyar failed to recruit on the Notch2 promoter region in the nucleoplasm to promote Notch2 transcription, leading to suppression of ISC self-renewal. By contrast, with deletion of Snora54 , Lyar translocated to the nucleoplasm of ISCs where it enriched on the Notch2 promoter to initiate its transcription resulting in the activation of Notch2 signaling pathway. Therefore, Snora54 negatively regulates self-renewal of ISCs and gut regeneration via suppression of Notch2 signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiahang Zhang and Hui Guo and Yuwei Xu and Zhen Xiong and Ying Du and Pingping Zhu and Zusen Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4725}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv4725}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Snora54 negatively regulates self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and gut regeneration via suppression of notch2 signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Terahertz stimulated parametric downconversion of a magnon mode in an antiferromagnet. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv3757. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parametric amplification, where one signal is enhanced by the action of another, offers both practical utility for boosting weak signals and fundamental insights into the nonlinear coupling between degrees of freedom. In condensed matter systems, interactions between collective modes offer avenues for nonlinear coherent manipulation of coupled excitations and quantum phases. Antiferromagnets, with inherently coupled magnon modes, provide a promising platform for nonlinear control of spin waves and magnetization. However, nonlinear magnon-magnon interactions have been only partially elaborated, leaving key gaps in the prospects for potential ultrahigh-bandwidth magnonic signal processing. Here, we excite two distinct coherent magnon modes in an antiferromagnet and find that the magnon mode with a lower frequency undergoes amplification when the higher-frequency mode is driven. We unveil the nonlinear excitation pathways of this stimulated parametric downconversion process by using polarization-selective two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy. Our work provides fundamental insights into nonlinear magnonics in antiferromagnets, laying the groundwork for forthcoming spintronic and magnonic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuquan Zhang and Yu-Che Chien and Man Tou Wong and Frank Y. Gao and Zi-Jie Liu and Xiaoxuan Ma and Shixun Cao and Edoardo Baldini and Keith A. Nelson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3757}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv3757}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Terahertz stimulated parametric downconversion of a magnon mode in an antiferromagnet}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Image-guided targeting of mitochondrial metabolism sensitizes pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors to low-dose radiotherapy. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv2930. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tumor hypoxia leads to radioresistance and markedly worse clinical outcomes for pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs). Our transcriptomics and bioenergetic profiling data reveal that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic vulnerability of MRT and can be exploited to overcome consumptive hypoxia by repurposing an FDA-approved antimalarial drug, atovaquone (AVO). We then establish the utility of oxygen-enhanced-multispectral optoacoustic tomography, a label-free, ionizing radiation-free imaging modality, to visualize and quantify spatiotemporal changes in tumor hypoxia in response to AVO. We show a potent but transient increase in tumor oxygenation upon AVO treatment that results in complete elimination of tumors in all tested mice when combined with 10-gray radiotherapy, a dose several times lower than the current clinic standard. Last, we use translational mathematical modeling for systematic evaluation of dosing regimens, administration timing, and therapeutic synergy in a virtual patient cohort. Together, our work establishes a framework for safe and pediatric patient-friendly image-guided metabolic radiosensitization of rhabdoid tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenxi Xia and Esther Need and Carmine Schiavone and Neetu Singh and Jiemin Huang and Matthew Goff and Joseph Cave and David L. Gillespie and Randy L. Jensen and Mark D. Pagel and Prashant Dogra and Sixiang Shi and Shreya Goel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2930}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv2930}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Image-guided targeting of mitochondrial metabolism sensitizes pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors to low-dose radiotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A hierarchy of PDZ domain scaffolding proteins clusters the kv1 k+ channel protein complex at the axon initial segment. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv1281. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Action potentials are initiated and modulated at the axon initial segment (AIS) by highly clustered ion channels. Voltage-gated Kv1 potassium channels underlie most outward AIS K + current. AIS Kv1 channels exist in a large protein complex including ADAM22, Caspr2, and LGI1. However, their clustering mechanisms remain unknown. Because Kv1 channels have a highly conserved PDZ-binding motif, we used CRISPR-based genome editing to screen 18 PDZ domain-containing proteins identified in our previous AIS proximity proteome for their AIS localization. Among these, we found that the scaffolding proteins SCRIB and PSD93 are highly enriched at the AIS. Using CRISPR-mediated knockout, cell surface clustering assays, and coimmunoprecipitation, we show that SCRIB and PSD93 bind to and are required for AIS Kv1 channel clustering, whereas SCRIB links the AIS Kv1 channel protein complex to the master AIS scaffolding protein AnkyrinG. These results define a hierarchy of scaffolding proteins that combine to cluster AIS Kv1 channels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Zhang and Victoria L. Palfini and Yu Wu and Xiaoyun Ding and Allison J. Melton and Yudong Gao and Yuki Ogawa and Matthew N. Rasband}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1281}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv1281}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A hierarchy of PDZ domain scaffolding proteins clusters the kv1 k+ channel protein complex at the axon initial segment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The end-cretaceous mass extinction restructured functional diversity but failed to configure the modern marine biota. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv1171. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The end-Cretaceous (K-Pg) mass extinction shows how large-scale taxonomic loss affects functional diversity over short and long timeframes. In a macroevolutionary model system, we find that, despite losing ~60% of genera and ~20% of family-level diversity, marine bivalves lost only ~5% of their functional diversity, inconsistent with random extinction. Even with evolutionary opportunities presented by a disrupted ecosystem, low-diversity groups prior to the extinction or those originating in the Cenozoic rarely reach higher ranks today, implying long-term diversity ceilings to certain ecological roles. Clades that survived the extinction tend to dominate functions today, 66 million years post-extinction, but both relative richness and phylogenetic structure of those functional groups have been significantly shuffled. Thus, neither the composition of the pre-extinction biota nor the set of taxa that survived the extinction fully accounts for the functional and phylogenetic structure of today’s biota. The extinction disrupted Mesozoic biodiversity but did not fully determine the present-day configuration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stewart M. Edie and Katie S. Collins and David Jablonski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1171}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv1171}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The end-cretaceous mass extinction restructured functional diversity but failed to configure the modern marine biota}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sphingolipid synthesis in tumor-associated macrophages confers immunotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv0558. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dysregulated metabolism of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment leads to immune evasion and tumor progression. As a major cell component in the tumor, the metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study found that sphingolipid (particularly, sphingosine-1-phosphate or S1P) levels are a clinical indicator for prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with HCC. S1P primarily derived from TAMs, where NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) plays a key role in controlling the activity of serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase, a rate-limiting enzyme in S1P biosynthesis. The S1P produced by NEK2 hi TAMs promotes hepatic tumor progression and confers immunotherapy resistance. Targeting S1P synthesis with a NEK2 inhibitor or S1P antagonist disrupted the immunosuppressive function of macrophages, shifted regulatory T cells (T regs ) to T H 17 cells, and increased the number and activity of tumor-infiltrating T effectors, thereby enhancing antitumor efficacy in synergy with immune checkpoint blockade therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaozhen Zhang and Mengyi Lao and Kang Sun and Hanshen Yang and Lihong He and Xinyuan Liu and Linyue Liu and Sirui Zhang and Chengxiang Guo and Sicheng Wang and Jiatao Shi and Xiaoyu Zhang and Daqian Xu and Xiongbin Lu and Xueli Bai and Tingbo Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0558}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv0558}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sphingolipid synthesis in tumor-associated macrophages confers immunotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanoscale 3D printing of glass photonic crystals with near-unity reflectance in the visible spectrum. SCIADV, 11(21), eadv0267. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glass is widely used as an optical material due to its high transparency, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. The ability to fabricate and sculpt glass at the nanoscale would naturally expand its application domain in nanophotonics. Here, we report an approach to print glass in three dimensions with nanoscale resolutions. We developed Glass-Nano, an organic-inorganic hybrid resin containing silicon elements. Using this high-resolution resin, three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PhCs) were printed with two-photon lithography. After printing, the structures were heated to high temperatures in air to remove organic components and convert the remaining material into silica glass. 3D glass PhCs with periodicities as small as 260 nanometers were obtained after sintering at 650°C. The 3D glass PhCs exhibit ~100% reflectance in the visible range, surpassing the typical reflectances observed from similar structures in low–refractive index materials. The quality of PhCs achieved is observed in both electron microscopy and the excellent agreement with band structure calculations of idealized structures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wang Zhang and Hongtao Wang and Hao Wang and Son Tung Ha and Lei Chen and Xue Liang Li and Cheng-Feng Pan and Bochang Wu and Md. Abdur Rahman and Yujie Ke and Qifeng Ruan and Xiaolong Yang and Thomas Christensen and Joel K. W. Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0267}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadv0267}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanoscale 3D printing of glass photonic crystals with near-unity reflectance in the visible spectrum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Realization of inverse-design magnonic logic gates. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu9032. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnonic logic gates represent a crucial step toward realizing fully magnonic data processing systems without reliance on conventional electronic or photonic elements. Recently, a universal and reconfigurable inverse-design device has been developed, featuring a 7 by 7 array of independent current loops that create local inhomogeneous magnetic fields to scatter spin waves in an yttrium-iron-garnet film. Although initially used for linear radio frequency components, we now demonstrate key nonlinear logic gates, NOT, OR, NOR, AND, NAND, and a half-adder, sufficient for building a full processor. In this system, binary data (“0” and “1”) are encoded in the spin-wave amplitude. The contrast ratio, representing the difference between logic states, achieved values of 34, 53.9, 11.8, 19.7, 17, and 9.8 decibels for these gates, respectively.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Noura Zenbaa and Fabian Majcen and Claas Abert and Florian Bruckner and Norbert J. Mauser and Thomas Schrefl and Qi Wang and Dieter Suess and Andrii V. Chumak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9032}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu9032}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Realization of inverse-design magnonic logic gates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Control of ultrafast hot electron dynamics in epsilon-near-zero conductive oxide thin films. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu8850. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The dynamics of nonlinear optical processes in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are primarily governed by hot electron relaxation with a sub-picosecond response. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive understanding of the ultrafast electron dynamics in nonlinear TCO ENZ materials. This study investigates the effects of laser peak power and ENZ mode excitation on hot electron relaxation in TCOs. Our experimental analysis theoretically supported by a hydrodynamic model reveals that increasing laser pulse intensity extends hot electron relaxation time by more than 200%, while ENZ mode excitation increases it by more than 40% in representative TCO ENZ materials. This research demonstrates the controllable modulation of ultrafast ENZ nonlinearity via pulse peak power and ENZ mode field enhancement. These findings provide substantial insights into the potential utilization of ENZ nonlinearity for the development of optical and quantum computing components, including ultrafast optical switches, dynamic pulse shapers, and modulators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sudip Gurung and Subhajit Bej and Quynh Dang and Ambaresh Sahoo and Aleksei Anopchenko and Zhenhuan Yi and Alexei V. Sokolov and Andrea Marini and Ho Wai Howard Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8850}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu8850}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Control of ultrafast hot electron dynamics in epsilon-near-zero conductive oxide thin films}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanism of D-type cyclin recognition by the AMBRA1 e3 ligase receptor. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu8708. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {AMBRA1 is a tumor suppressor protein that functions as a substrate receptor in the ubiquitin conjugation system and regulates the stability of D-type cyclins and cell proliferation. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of cyclin D1–bound AMBRA1-DDB1 complex at 3.55-Å resolution. The structure reveals a substrate interaction surface on the AMBRA1 WD40 domain that specifically binds to the C-terminal region of D-type cyclins. This interaction is dependent on the phosphorylation of Thr 286 residue in the C-terminal phosphodegron site of D-type cyclins. The phosphodegron motif folds into a turn-like conformation, followed by a 3 10 helix that promotes its assembly with AMBRA1. In addition, we show that AMBRA1 mutants, which are defective in cyclin D1 binding, lead to cyclin D1 accumulation and DNA damage. Understanding the AMBRA1–D-type cyclin structure enhances the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that govern the cell cycle control and may lead to potential therapeutic approaches for cancers linked to abnormal cyclin D activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Wang and Ming Liu and Shan Wang and Xinyi Mai and Xi Wang and Fei Teng and Tianrui Lyu and Ming-Yuan Su and Goran Stjepanovic}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8708}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu8708}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanism of D-type cyclin recognition by the AMBRA1 e3 ligase receptor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Socioeconomic and temporal heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease in england from may 2020 to february 2023. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu8678. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The impact of COVID-19 varied significantly by deprivation, ethnicity, and policy measures. We analyzed individual-level data on 12,310,485 first SARS-CoV-2 Pillar 2–PCR-confirmed infections, 439,083 hospitalizations, 107,823 deaths, and vaccination records in England from May 2020 to February 2022. Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic and temporal factors showed higher incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for severe outcomes in the most deprived areas compared to the least. We note higher IRRs for severe outcomes for all non-white relative to white ethnicities. The magnitude of IRRs for both deprivation and ethnicities declined from the wild-type to the omicron periods for severe outcomes. For infections, we observed IRRs above one for non-white ethnicities during the wild-type and alpha periods. Vaccination significantly reduced risks across all groups. For severe outcomes, preexisting health inequalities led to large and persistent disparities. For infections, measures must be structured with ethnicity and deprivation in mind early in a pandemic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christian Morgenstern and Thomas Rawson and Wes Hinsley and Pablo N. Perez Guzman and Samir Bhatt and Neil M. Ferguson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8678}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu8678}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Socioeconomic and temporal heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease in england from may 2020 to february 2023}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amphiphilic nanopores that condense undersaturated water vapor and exude water droplets. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu8349. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Condensation of water vapor in confined geometries, known as capillary condensation, is a fundamental phenomenon with far-reaching implications. While hydrophilic pores enable liquid formation from undersaturated vapor without energy input, the condensate typically remains confined, limiting practical utility. Here, we explore the use of amphiphilic nanoporous polymer-infiltrated nanoparticle films that condense and release liquid water under isothermal and undersaturated conditions. By tuning the polymer fraction and nanoparticle size, we optimize condensation and droplet formation. As vapor pressure increases, voids fill with condensate, which subsequently exudes onto the surface as microscopic droplets. This behavior, enabled by a balance of polymer hydrophobicity and capillarity, reveals how amphiphilic nanostructures can drive accessible water collection. Our findings provide design insights for materials supporting energy-efficient water harvesting and heat management without external input.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baekmin Q. Kim and Zachariah Vicars and Máté Füredi and Lilia F. Escobedo and R. Bharath Venkatesh and Stefan Guldin and Amish J. Patel and Daeyeon Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8349}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu8349}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amphiphilic nanopores that condense undersaturated water vapor and exude water droplets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Variable mantle redox states driven by deeply subducted carbon. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu4985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Slab subduction transports carbonates into the reduced, metallic iron (Fe 0 )–bearing sublithospheric mantle (>250 kilometers), leading to heterogeneous mantle redox states and sublithospheric diamond formation beneath cratons. To elucidate the drivers of mantle redox variation, we performed mixed reaction experiments between carbonatite melt and Fe 0 -bearing peridotite at 9 to 21 gigapascals under varying redox conditions. Comparing our results with sublithospheric diamond inclusions, we find that majorite and ferropericlase inclusions from the Amazonia Craton reflect a predominantly reduced, nonplume mantle environment, while majorites from the Kaapvaal Craton indicate a fully oxidized plume setting. In nonplume environments, carbonatite melts are progressively consumed until fully frozen as reduced carbon. Attachment of these materials to the cratonic keel further enhances craton stability. In plume environments, carbonatite melts surpass the redox buffering capacity of Fe 0 , leading to an oxidized, CO 2 -rich melt-bearing mantle. Impregnation of these melts into the lithosphere weakens the cratonic keel, resulting in lithosphere delamination, surface uplift, and widespread volcanism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mingdi Gao and Yu Wang and Stephen F. Foley and Yi-Gang Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu4985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Variable mantle redox states driven by deeply subducted carbon}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 3D stacked IGZO 2T0C DRAM array with multibit capability for computing in memory applications. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu4323. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traditional dynamic random access memory (DRAM) technology faces grand challenges in power consumption due to the constant data refresh and in density due to the physical limit for dimension scaling. Recently, two-transistor zero-capacitor (2T0C) DRAM based on amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) exhibits long data retention owing to its extremely low off-state leakage current. Furthermore, the low thermal budget of the IGZO channel enables the monolithic three-dimensional (3D) stacking for higher bit density beyond the planar scaling limit. However, the demonstration of 3D stacking for IGZO has been limited to 2T0C DRAM single cell. In this work, an 8 by 8 3D stacked IGZO 2T0C DRAM array was designed and manufactured with optimized electrical characteristics, exhibiting 3-bit storage with over 100-second retention time. Furthermore, a neural network model has been demonstrated to achieve an accuracy of 94.95% in image recognition, providing for promising pathway toward computing in memory to overcome the “memory wall.”}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qijun Li and Qianlan Hu and Shenwu Zhu and Min Zeng and Wenjie Zhao and Yanqing Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4323}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu4323}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {3D stacked IGZO 2T0C DRAM array with multibit capability for computing in memory applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioinspired metafilms for all-weather energy harvesting: Adaptive thermal regulation and raindrop electricity generation. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu2895. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tremendous efforts have been dedicated to facilitating heat dissipation into cold universe through radiative cooling. Nevertheless, its applications remain limited by overcooling in cold conditions and reduced effectiveness under nonclear skies. We present a robust metafilm inspired by the adaptive capabilities of horned lizards ( Phrynosoma ) to overcome these challenges. This design extends energy harvesting to rainy conditions while maintaining thermal regulation on clear days. The metafilm features a sandwich structure with fluorinated ethylene propylene/indium tin oxide outer layers for raindrop-induced electricity generation and thermochromic core layers for self-regulated heating and cooling. It achieves an optical contrast exceeding 63% in the visible spectrum, enabling sub-ambient cooling in hot conditions and above-ambient heating when cold. In addition, it demonstrates efficient droplet-induced electricity generation, delivering a high-voltage output of 208 volts with exceptional long-term stability. This multifunctional metafilm overcomes key limitations of traditional radiative coolers, offering a versatile approach for all-weather energy harvesting.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siru Chen and Kaixin Lin and Sai Liu and Chui Ting Kwok and Lin Liang and Ze Li and Shuangdui Wu and Ziai Liu and Chuyao Wang and Aiqiang Pan and Jianheng Chen and Tsz Chung Ho and Shauhrat S. Chopra and Yihao Zhu and Qingping Sun and Wei Li and Borong Lin and Chi Yan Tso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2895}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu2895}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioinspired metafilms for all-weather energy harvesting: Adaptive thermal regulation and raindrop electricity generation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell multimodal analysis reveals tumor microenvironment predictive of treatment response in non–small cell lung cancer. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu2151. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes over 80% of lung cancer cases and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors, their efficacy is limited to 27 to 45% of patients. Identifying likely treatment responders is essential for optimizing healthcare and improving quality of life. We generated multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) images, histopathology, and RNA sequencing data from human NSCLC tissues. Through the analysis of mIF images, we characterized the spatial organization of 1.5 million cells based on the expression levels for 33 biomarkers. To enable large-scale characterization of tumor microenvironments, we developed NucSegAI, a deep learning model for automated nuclear segmentation and cellular classification in histology images. With this model, we analyzed the morphological, textural, and topological phenotypes of 45.6 million cells across 119 whole-slide images. Through unsupervised phenotype discovery, we identified specific lymphocyte phenotypes predictive of immunotherapy response. Our findings can improve patient stratification and guide selection of effective therapeutic regimens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanning Zheng and Christoph Sadée and Michael Ozawa and Brooke E. Howitt and Olivier Gevaert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2151}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu2151}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell multimodal analysis reveals tumor microenvironment predictive of treatment response in non–small cell lung cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cooperative and selective redox doping switches single-molecule magnetism. SCIADV, 11(21), eadu0916. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The controlled manipulation of electronic and magnetic states in single-molecule magnets (SMMs) is crucial for their implementation in molecular electronics, spintronics, and quantum computation. In typical SMMs, key properties like magnetic anisotropy and slow magnetic relaxation are imposed by complex ligand shells, whose bulky and three-dimensional structures hamper efficient manipulation of the molecular magnetism by chemical methods. This work demonstrates highly selective redox doping of an Fe 4 nanomagnet on a Pb(111) surface using lithium atoms. Scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations reveal the cooperative incorporation of three Li atoms per Fe 4 molecule, resulting in a selective, threefold reduction of its iron-based magnetic core. The doping modifies the intramolecular exchange interaction, turning from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic, and changes the molecular magnetic anisotropy from easy-axis to easy-plane. This study demonstrates successful chemical redox doping of individual polynuclear molecular magnets, exploits a rare showcase of cooperative binding, and highlights a route for tuning magnetic properties of complex SMMs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fabian Paschke and Matteo Briganti and Vivien Enenkel and Tobias Birk and Jan Dreiser and Peter Schmitt and Rainer F. Winter and Federico Totti and Mikhail Fonin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0916}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadu0916}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cooperative and selective redox doping switches single-molecule magnetism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broadband photodetection of intense lasers via exciton-enhanced high-order multiphoton-absorption optoelectronics in 2D hybrid perovskite. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt9952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Broadband photodetection, especially for the high-intensity pulsed lasers, has garnered increasing interest in photophysics and applied sciences driven by the development of pulsed lasers. However, direct broadband photodetection of high-intensity pulsed lasers, with precisely capturing their spatiotemporal properties, has been hampered by low saturation intensity or damage threshold of traditional optoelectronic materials. Here, we demonstrate that strategic enhancement of excitonic effects in two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid perovskite can enable robust high-order multiphoton absorption (MPA) optoelectronics with achieving strong four-photon absorption (4PA) and five-photon absorption (5PA) nonlinearities as well as efficient electronic properties simultaneously. This effectively overcomes the limitations of mainstream photodetectors. Our approach facilitates direct photodetection and high-precision imaging of high-intensity femtosecond lasers (21.5 GW/cm 2 ) across a broad wavelength range of 800 to 2300 nanometer. These results offer valuable insights into advancing high-order nonlinearity-based optoelectronics and provide practical solutions for direct measurement tools of intensive lasers, filling the blank of high-precision characterization of intense-field laser phenomena.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanming Xu and Haojie Xu and Pengfei Zhu and Jinlong Xu and Yantang Huang and Zhihua Sun and Fushan Li and Shining Zhu and Lin Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt9952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broadband photodetection of intense lasers via exciton-enhanced high-order multiphoton-absorption optoelectronics in 2D hybrid perovskite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The impact of tropical cyclone exposure on infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt9640. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose substantial health risks to infants, particularly those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the extent to which TCs affect infant survival in LMICs is not well understood. We examined the impact of TC exposure on infant mortality by linking recently developed TC wind field data with 1,682,249 nationally representative infant survival records from 2002 to 2021 across seven LMICs. We found that, on average, exposure to TCs in utero or in the first year of life led to 4.4 additional infant deaths per 1000 live births (95% confidence interval, 0.5 to 8.4; 11% increase compared to the sample average infant mortality rate). This average effect was mainly driven by excess mortality in Bangladesh, Dominican Republic, and Haiti, with small and statistically insignificant effects in all other study countries. Further investigation is warranted to understand the mechanisms through which TCs affect infant mortality and why some countries’ children fare better after TC exposure than others.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zetianyu Wang and Renzhi Jing and Sam Heft-Neal and Aaron Clark-Ginsberg and Debarati Guha-Sapir and Eran Bendavid and Zachary Wagner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9640}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt9640}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The impact of tropical cyclone exposure on infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PTMA controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair by enhancing STAT3 acetylation. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt9446. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity due to the low proliferative ability of cardiomyocytes, whereas embryonic cardiomyocytes exhibit robust proliferative potential. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of embryonic hearts, we identified prothymosin α (PTMA) as a key factor driving cardiomyocyte proliferation. Overexpression of PTMA in primary mouse and rat cardiomyocytes significantly promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and similarly enhanced proliferation in human iPSC–derived cardiomyocytes. Conditional knockout of Ptma in cardiomyocytes impaired neonatal heart regeneration. AAV9-mediated overexpression of Ptma extended the neonatal proliferative window and showed therapeutic promise for enhancing adult heart regeneration. Mechanistically, PTMA interacted with MBD3, inhibiting its deacetylation activity within the MBD3/HDAC1 NuRD complex. This inhibition increased STAT3 acetylation, which positively regulated STAT3 phosphorylation and activation of its target genes. These findings establish PTMA as a critical regulator of heart regeneration and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for ischemic myocardial injury.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ning Liu and Jianqiu Pei and Yifan Xie and He Xuan and Nan Jiang and Jue Wang and Yangyang Gao and Yixun Li and Xiangjie Li and Weijing Liu and Chenying Xiang and Zheng Qiao and Haiping Cao and Yu Nie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9446}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt9446}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PTMA controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair by enhancing STAT3 acetylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Poorly quantified trends in ammonium nitrate remain critical to understand future urban aerosol control strategies. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt8957. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite decades of progress in reducing nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions, ammonium nitrate (AN) remains the primary inorganic component of particulate matter (PM) in Los Angeles (LA). Using aerosol mass spectrometry over multiple years in LA illustrates the controlling dynamics of AN and their evolution over the past decades. These data suggest that much of the nitric acid (HNO 3 ) production required to produce AN in LA occurs during the nighttime via heterogeneous hydrolysis of N 2 O 5 . Further, we show that US Environmental Protection Agency–codified techniques for measuring total PM 2.5 fail to quantify the AN component, while low-cost optical sensors demonstrate good agreement. While previous studies suggest that declining NO x has reduced AN, we show that HNO 3 formation is still substantial and leads to the formation of many tens of micrograms per cubic meter of AN aerosol. Continued focus on reductions in NO x will help meet the PM 2.5 standards in the LA basin and many other regions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ryan X. Ward and Haroula D. Baliaka and Benjamin C. Schulze and Gaige H. Kerr and John D. Crounse and Sina Hasheminassab and Roya Bahreini and Ann M. Dillner and Armistead Russell and Nga L. Ng and Paul O. Wennberg and Richard C. Flagan and John H. Seinfeld}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8957}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt8957}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Poorly quantified trends in ammonium nitrate remain critical to understand future urban aerosol control strategies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disruption of BAG3-mediated BACE1 stabilization alleviates neuropathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of alzheimer’s disease. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt7981. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {β-Site amyloid precursor protein (APP)–cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for amyloid-β (Aβ) generation and is considered promising drug target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The co-chaperone BAG3 (Bcl-2–associated athanogene 3) plays an important role in maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis by regulating heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Here, we reported that BAG3 expression was significantly elevated in AD. It interacted with and stabilized BACE1 by delaying its degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal pathways. BAG3 E455K and BAG3 R480A mutations reduced their interaction with BACE1. SPOT peptide arrays revealed that BACE1 carboxyl-terminal peptide fragments bound to the RQ domain of BAG3. This interaction can be disrupted by BACE1-derived peptide (Tat-BACE1 480-494 ), leading to decreased BACE1 stability. In APP23/PS45 double transgenic mice, Tat-BACE1 480-494 reduced BACE1 levels, decreased Aβ production, and improved synaptic and cognitive deficits. These findings indicate that BAG3 forms complex with HSP70 and BACE1 to stabilize BACE1, suggesting that Tat-BACE1 480-494 , may represent an ideal class of neuroprotective therapeutics against AD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lei Xia and Junjie Li and Yayan Pang and Chunfang Dai and Mingliang Xu and Yehong Du and Qiuyun Tian and Lilin Yi and Bin Wu and Mulan Chen and Yiqiong Qiu and Chongjie Cheng and Yu Tian Wang and Weihong Song and Zhifang Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7981}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt7981}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disruption of BAG3-mediated BACE1 stabilization alleviates neuropathology and memory deficits in a mouse model of alzheimer’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Alcohol molecule coupling: A universal approach to modulating amorphousness in vanadium-based cathodes for high-rate and durable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt7502. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vanadium oxides (VOs) are promising cathode materials for aqueous batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, but they face challenges such as sluggish kinetics and V dissolution. To overcome these issues, we introduce a universal alcohol-based molecule coupling (AMC) method to regulate amorphousness and inhibit V dissolution in VOs (VO 2 , V 2 O 5 , and V 6 O 13 ), resulting in high-performance cathodes. The strategy enables alcohol molecules with different chain lengths (ethanol, isopropanol, and isobutanol) to couple with VOs by forming V─OH bonds under Lewis acid–based interactions, inducing controlled amorphization. Among these, isopropanol coupling stands out by enabling the formation of short-range ordered amorphous structure (SOA-VO/Ipr). This structure enhances the reaction kinetics and suppresses V dissolution. As a result, the SOA-VO/Ipr cathode achieves 219.4 mAh g −1 at 100 A g −1 , retains 92.6% capacity over 10,000 cycles, and delivers 228.8 mAh g −1 at 9.1 A g −1 under high loading (21.9 mg cm −2 ) over 3500 cycles, demonstrating a promising method for durable zinc-ion batteries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haobin Song and Yang-feng Cui and Yifan Li and Xueliang Li and Yixiang Li and Nan Zhao and Wenjing Li and Chao Wu and Shibo Xi and Shaozhuan Huang and Hui Ying Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7502}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt7502}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Alcohol molecule coupling: A universal approach to modulating amorphousness in vanadium-based cathodes for high-rate and durable aqueous zinc-ion batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Individual clown anemonefish shrink to survive heat stress and social conflict. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt7079. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vertebrate growth is generally considered to be unidirectional, but challenging environmental conditions, such as heatwaves, may disrupt normal growth patterns and affect individual survival. Here, we investigate the growth of individual clown anemonefish, Amphiprion percula , during a marine heatwave. We measured the length of 134 wild clown anemonefish every month and monitored temperature at the scale of their anemone for five lunar months. Our results show that clown anemonefish shrink in response to heat stress and individuals that shrink also display relatively more catch-up growth. Further, shrinking is modulated by social rank and size, and individuals that shrink more often and in a coordinated fashion with their breeding partner have higher survival during the heat stress event. In conclusion, a plastic individual growth response to heat stress, constrained by the social environment, can lead to short-term survival benefits. If this plasticity were widespread in fishes, it may have marked consequences for populations and communities as heatwaves become more frequent.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Melissa A. Versteeg and Chancey MacDonald and Morgan F. Bennett-Smith and Peter M. Buston and Theresa Rueger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7079}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt7079}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Individual clown anemonefish shrink to survive heat stress and social conflict}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-molecule analysis reveals the mechanism of chromatin ubiquitylation by variant PRC1 complexes. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt7013. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chromatin regulation relies on “writer” enzymes that add posttranslational modifications to histone proteins. Variant polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) exists as several subtypes, which are “writers” of ubiquitylation on histone H2A K118 and K119, crucial for transcriptional repression during development and cell identity determination. The mechanism by which dynamic chromatin exploration by variant PRC1 complexes couples to ubiquitin writing is unknown. Here, we developed a single-molecule approach to directly observe chromatin interactions and ubiquitylation by PRC1. We find that variant PRC1 transiently samples chromatin until it reaches a catalytically competent nucleosome-bound state, resulting in E2 recruitment and ubiquitin transfer. Variant PRC1 is weakly processive in ubiquitylating neighboring nucleosomes. Moreover, activity differences between PRC1 subtypes, containing either a PCGF1 or PCGF4 subunit, result from distinct probabilities of achieving a catalytically competent state. Our results thus demonstrate that the dynamic formation of an active complex between variant PRC1, E2, and chromatin is the critical determinant of subtype-specific variant PRC1 activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexandra Teslenko and Beat Fierz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7013}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt7013}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-molecule analysis reveals the mechanism of chromatin ubiquitylation by variant PRC1 complexes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Astrocyte-derived CCL5-mediated CCR5+ neutrophil infiltration drives depression pathogenesis. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt6632. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cross-talk between the nervous and immune systems is involved in neurological diseases. However, their potential interplay in depression has yet to be elucidated. Here, using single-cell RNA and neutrophil SMART RNA sequencing, we showed that CCR5 + neutrophils were significantly increased in patients with depression and preferentially migrated to the hippocampus in a mouse model of depression. Infiltrated neutrophils engulf neuronal spines and subsequently promote depressive symptoms in male mice. Furthermore, by genetic or pharmacologic disruption, we identified a chemotactic effect of the astrocyte-derived chemokine CCL5 on mediating the infiltration of CCR5 + neutrophils and behavioral disorders in male depressed mice. Our findings therefore highlight the critical role of neutrophils in depression pathogenesis and astrocytes in mediating the dysregulation of innate immune responses and suggest that inhibition of CCL5/CCR5-mediated neutrophil infiltration represents a potential therapeutic strategy for noninfectious brain diseases such as depression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hang Yao and Si-Yuan Jiang and Ying-Ying Jiao and Zhi-Yong Zhou and Zhu Zhu and Cong Wang and Ke-Zhong Zhang and Teng- Fei Ma and Gang Hu and Ren-Hong Du and Ming Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6632}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt6632}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Astrocyte-derived CCL5-mediated CCR5+ neutrophil infiltration drives depression pathogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional divergence of plant SCAR/WAVE proteins is determined by intrinsically disordered regions. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt6107. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dynamic actin cytoskeleton reorganization enables plant developmental processes requiring polarized transport such as root hair and leaf trichome formation. The SCAR/WAVE complex plays a crucial role in regulating these dynamics through ARP2/3-mediated actin branching. SCAR/WAVE genes occur as small families across a wide range of plant species, but whether and how they fulfill different functions remains unclear. We use a systematic chimera approach to define the differential functionality of two closely related Medicago truncatula SCAR proteins in plant development. We show that SCAR/WAVE contribution to M. truncatula root hair or Arabidopsis thaliana trichome formation is dependent on two central intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Differential functionalities of M. truncatula SCAR proteins were furthermore associated with the presence/absence of a 42–amino acid sequence within the IDR that affected protein stability. Through uncovering a molecular basis for functional differences, we advance our understanding of plant SCAR/WAVE complexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sabine Brumm and Aleksandr Gavrin and Matthew Macleod and Guillaume Chesneau and Annika Usländer and Sebastian Schornack}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6107}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt6107}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional divergence of plant SCAR/WAVE proteins is determined by intrinsically disordered regions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seeing through arthropod eyes: An AI-assisted, biomimetic approach for high-resolution, multi-task imaging. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt3505. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arthropods have intricate compound eyes and optic neuropils, exhibiting exceptional visual capabilities. Combining the strengths of digital imaging with the features of natural arthropod visual systems offers a promising approach to harness wide-angle vision and depth perception while addressing limitations like low resolving power. Here, we present an artificial intelligence–assisted biomimetic system modeled after arthropod vision. We developed a biomimetic compound eye camera with an effective pixel number of 4.3 megapixels capable of producing full-color panoramic images with a viewing angle of 165° and resolving power of 40 micrometers. Using rich visual information, our system achieves high-fidelity image reconstruction, precise 3D position prediction, high-accuracy classification, and pattern recognition through a multistage neural network. Moreover, our compact biomimetic visual system can simultaneously track the 3D motion of multiple miniature targets independently. The proof-of-concept biomimetic arthropod visual system offers a computational panoramic imaging solution, advancing applications in industry, medicine, and robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan Long and Bo Dai and Chenliang Chang and Neil Upreti and Li Wei and Lulu Zheng and Songlin Zhuang and Tony Jun Huang and Dawei Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3505}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt3505}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seeing through arthropod eyes: An AI-assisted, biomimetic approach for high-resolution, multi-task imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced rap1 small GTPase activity in the ventral hippocampus drives stress-induced anxiety. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt3163. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chronic stress exposure is a primary contributor to the development of anxiety disorders, closely associated with hippocampal dysfunction. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, using a mouse model of chronic restraint stress (CRS), we observed a notable increase in the activity, rather than its overall expression level, of hippocampal Rap1, a small guanosine triphosphatase belonging to the Ras superfamily. Pharmacological inhibition of Rap1 activity in the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) effectively mitigated CRS-induced anxiety. Cell type–specific manipulation of Rap1 activity revealed that Rap1 dysfunction in vHPC pyramidal neurons (PNs), but not in astrocytes or interneurons, contributed to CRS-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Mechanistically, the heightened Rap1 activity in vHPC PNs augmented their intrinsic excitability through Kv4.2 phosphorylation at the Thr 607 site, which contributes to the onset of anxiety-like behaviors in mice following CRS. Overall, our study reveals a previously undescribed anxiogenic effect of Rap1 and highlights it as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in stress-related mental disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Han-Qing Pan and Wei-Zhu Liu and Cui-Zhu Yang and Si-Ying Jiang and Mao-Xue Zhang and Ping Hu and Hao-Tian Yang and Yun-Yun Wang and Ya-Qing Li and Jiang-Long Tu and Wen-Bing Chen and Lumin Liu and Bing-Xing Pan and Wen-Hua Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3163}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt3163}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced rap1 small GTPase activity in the ventral hippocampus drives stress-induced anxiety}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Event cache: An independent component in working memory. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt3063. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Working memory (WM) has been a major focus of cognitive science and neuroscience for the past 50 years. While most WM research has centered on the mechanisms of objects, there has been a lack of investigation into the cognitive and neural mechanisms of events, which are the building blocks of our experience. Using confirmatory factor analysis, psychophysical experiments, and resting-state and task functional magnetic resonance imaging methods, our study demonstrated that events have an independent storage space within WM, named as event cache, with distinct neural correlates compared to object storage in WM. We found the cerebellar network to be the most essential network for event cache, with the left cerebellum Crus I being particularly involved in encoding and maintaining events. Our findings shed critical light on the neuropsychological mechanism of WM by revealing event cache as an independent component of WM and encourage the reconsideration of theoretical models for WM.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Zhou and Jinglan Wu and Jiaofeng Li and Zhihe Pan and Jinying Lu and Mowei Shen and Tengfei Wang and Yuzheng Hu and Zaifeng Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3063}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt3063}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Event cache: An independent component in working memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolic traits shape responses to LSD1-directed therapy in glioblastoma tumor-initiating cells. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt2724. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) is an epigenetic regulator involved in various biological processes, including metabolic pathways. We demonstrated the therapeutic potential of its pharmacological inhibition in glioblastoma using DDP_38003 (LSD1i), which selectively targets tumor-initiating cells (TICs) by hampering their adaptability to stress. Through biological, metabolic, and omic approaches, we now show that LSD1i acts as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor, activating the integrated stress response and altering mitochondrial structure and function. These effects impair TICs’ oxidative metabolism and generate reactive oxygen species, further amplifying cellular stress. LSD1i also impairs TICs’ glycolytic activity, causing their metabolic decline. TICs with enhanced glycolysis benefit from LSD1-directed therapy. Conversely, metabolically silent TICs mantain ER and mitochondrial homeostasis, adapting to stress conditions, including LSD1i treatment. A dropout short hairpin RNA screening identifies postglycosylphosphatidylinositol attachment to proteins inositol deacylase 1 (PGAP1) as a mediator of resistance to LSD1i. Disruptions in ER and mitochondrial balance holds promise for improving LSD1-targeted therapy efficacy and overcoming treatment resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giulia Marotta and Daniela Osti and Elena Zaccheroni and Brunella Costanza and Stefania Faletti and Adriana Marinaro and Cristina Richichi and Deborah Mesa and Simona Rodighiero and Chiara Soriani and Enrica Migliaccio and Federica Ruscitto and Chiara Priami and Sara Sigismund and Francesco Manetti and Dario Polli and Galina V. Beznusenko and Mara-Camelia Rusu and Francesco Favero and Davide Corà and Domenico A. Silvestris and Angela Gallo and Valentina Gambino and Fabio Alfieri and Sara Gandini and Matthias J. Schmitt and Gaetano Gargiulo and Roberta Noberini and Tiziana Bonaldi and Giuliana Pelicci}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2724}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt2724}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolic traits shape responses to LSD1-directed therapy in glioblastoma tumor-initiating cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Complementary corticostriatal circuits orchestrate action repetition and switching. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt0854. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Action sequencing is fundamental to behavior. A critical decision for survival and reproduction is whether to repeat a current action or switch to a different one. However, the neural mechanisms governing action repetition and switching remain largely unknown. In mice trained to perform heterogeneous action sequences, we found that the M1-DLS circuit regulates action repetition, while the PrL-DMS pathway controls action switching. These distinct functions arise from preferential innervation of striatal D1-SPNs by M1 and D2-SPNs by PrL, respectively. In a Shank3 knockout mouse model of ASD, the D1/D2 innervation ratio in the PrL-DMS pathway was reversed, leading to impaired action switching and repetitive behaviors. Genetic restoration of Shank3 in the DMS rescued both physiological and behavioral deficits. These findings reveal how the brain orchestrates action sequencing in health and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baibing Zhang and Claire E. Geddes and Xin Jin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0854}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt0854}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Complementary corticostriatal circuits orchestrate action repetition and switching}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The extraordinary enigma of ordinary tickle behavior: Why gargalesis still puzzles neuroscience. SCIADV, 11(21), eadt0350. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gargalesis, or tickle, is one of the most trivial yet enigmatic human behaviors. We do not know how a touch becomes ticklish or why we respond to other people’s tickles but not our own. No theory satisfactorily explains why touch on some body areas feels more ticklish than on others or why some people are highly sensitive while others remain unresponsive. Gargalesis is likely the earliest trigger for laughter in life, but it is unclear whether we laugh because we enjoy it. Socrates, Aristotle, Bacon, Galileo, Descartes, and Darwin theorized about tickling, but after two millennia of intense philosophical interest, experimentation remains scarce. This review argues that gargalesis is an exhilarating scientific puzzle with far-reaching implications for developmental, sensorimotor, social, affective, clinical, and evolutionary neuroscience. We reflect on the challenges in defining and eliciting ticklish sensations in the lab and unraveling their neural mechanism, discuss five classic yet unanswered questions about tickle, and suggest directions for future research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Konstantina Kilteni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0350}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadt0350}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The extraordinary enigma of ordinary tickle behavior: Why gargalesis still puzzles neuroscience}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Personal care products disrupt the human oxidation field. SCIADV, 11(21), eads7908. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {People generate hydroxyl radicals (OH) in the presence of ozone via the ozonolysis of skin-emitted alkenes. In this study, we found that the application of personal care products (PCPs) including fragrances and body lotions suppresses the human oxidation field. Body lotion hampers the generation of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, a key OH precursor, while many volatile ingredients of PCPs enhance OH loss in the gas phase. Although fragrances contain terpenes capable of generating OH through ozonolysis, the much larger amount of ethanol solvent acts as a large OH sink. We combined a multiphase chemical kinetic model and a computational fluid dynamics model to demonstrate how the concentrations of the reactive components develop in the indoor environment. These findings have implications for the indoor chemistry of occupied spaces and human health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nora Zannoni and Pascale S. J. Lakey and Youngbo Won and Manabu Shiraiwa and Donghyun Rim and Charles J. Weschler and Nijing Wang and Tatjana Arnoldi-Meadows and Lisa Ernle and Anywhere Tsokankunku and Gabriel Bekö and Pawel Wargocki and Jonathan Williams}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7908}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads7908}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Personal care products disrupt the human oxidation field}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash associated with collision of lightning leaders. SCIADV, 11(21), eads6906. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lightning discharges can produce transient gamma-ray emissions called terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), which originates from electrons accelerated to relativistic energies in strong electric fields. However, it is not yet understood how lightning produces an enormous number of relativistic electrons in dense atmospheres. We present that, thanks to a ground-based observation with optical, radio frequency and high-energy measurements focused on television transmission towers in Kanazawa, Japan, a TGF and a cloud-to-ground discharge of −56 kA occurred when a downward negative leader was colliding with an upward positive leader from the tower. Because the cloud-to-ground current followed the TGF by 30 μs, the TGF started when two leaders approached each other. Our results indicate that an immense number of electrons were produced and accelerated to relativistic energies in a strong and compact electric-field region between the two leaders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuuki Wada and Takeshi Morimoto and Ting Wu and Daohong Wang and Hiroshi Kikuchi and Yoshitaka Nakamura and Eiichi Yoshikawa and Tomoo Ushio and Harufumi Tsuchiya}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6906}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads6906}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash associated with collision of lightning leaders}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genome-wide analyses of cell-free DNA for therapeutic monitoring of patients with pancreatic cancer. SCIADV, 11(21), eads5002. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Determining response to therapy for patients with pancreatic cancer can be challenging. We evaluated methods for assessing therapeutic response using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer in the CheckPAC trial (NCT02866383). Patients were evaluated before and after initiation of therapy using tumor-informed plasma whole-genome sequencing (WGMAF) and tumor-independent genome-wide cfDNA fragmentation profiles and repeat landscapes (ARTEMIS-DELFI). Using WGMAF, molecular responders had a median overall survival (OS) of 319 days compared to 126 days for nonresponders [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.11–0.79, P = 0.011]. For ARTEMIS-DELFI, patients with low scores after therapy initiation had longer median OS than patients with high scores (233 versus 172 days, HR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.046–0.31, P < 0.0001). We validated ARTEMIS-DELFI in patients with pancreatic cancer in the PACTO trial (NCT02767557). These analyses suggest that noninvasive mutation and fragmentation-based cfDNA approaches can identify therapeutic response of individuals with pancreatic cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Carolyn Hruban and Daniel C. Bruhm and Inna M. Chen and Shashikant Koul and Akshaya V. Annapragada and Nicholas A. Vulpescu and Sarah Short and Susann Theile and Kavya Boyapati and Bahar Alipanahi and Zachary L. Skidmore and Alessandro Leal and Stephen Cristiano and Vilmos Adleff and Julia S. Johannsen and Robert B. Scharpf and Zachariah H. Foda and Jillian Phallen and Victor E. Velculescu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5002}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads5002}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genome-wide analyses of cell-free DNA for therapeutic monitoring of patients with pancreatic cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Communication of perceptual predictions from the hippocampus to the deep layers of the parahippocampal cortex. SCIADV, 11(21), eads4970. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current evidence suggests that the hippocampus is essential for exploiting predictive relationships during perception. However, it remains unclear whether the hippocampus drives the communication of predictions to sensory cortex or receives prediction signals from elsewhere. We collected 7-tesla fMRI data in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) while auditory cues predicted abstract shapes. Strikingly, neural patterns evoked by predicted shapes in CA2/3, pre/parasubiculum, and the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) were negatively correlated to patterns evoked by the same shapes when actually presented. Using layer-specific analyses, we ask: In which direction are predictions communicated between the hippocampus and neocortex? Superficial layers of the MTL cortex project to the hippocampus, while the deep layers receive feedback projections. Informational connectivity analyses revealed that communication between CA2/3 and PHC was specific to the deep layers of PHC. These findings suggest that the hippocampus generates predictions through pattern completion in CA2/3 and feeds these predictions back to the neocortex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Oliver Warrington and Nadine N. Graedel and Martina F. Callaghan and Peter Kok}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4970}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads4970}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Communication of perceptual predictions from the hippocampus to the deep layers of the parahippocampal cortex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unraveling plankton adaptation in global oceans through the untargeted analysis of lipidomes. SCIADV, 11(21), eads4605. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbial responses to environmental changes are well studied in laboratory cultures, but in situ adaptations of plankton lipidomes remain less understood. Building upon a global lipidomic study showing temperature-driven lipid unsaturation regulation in marine plankton, we expanded the analysis spatially and methodologically to investigate the in situ adaptations of marine plankton. Through weighted correlation network analysis of 3164 lipid species from 930 samples, we identified 16 structurally distinct lipid clusters co-occurred across diverse oceanographic conditions. The highest lipid diversity was observed in the polar oceans, where plankton uses chain shortening for cold acclimation. Conversely, in the surface of tropical and subtropical oceans, plankton showed enrichment in non-phosphorus lipids, likely responding to warm temperature, with potential implications for the elemental stoichiometry of the biological pump. In the subsurface of these regions, highly unsaturated lipids were enriched, suggesting phytoplankton adaptation to low light and contributing unsaturated fatty acids to tropical and subtropical ocean food webs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weimin Liu and Henry C. Holm and Julius S. Lipp and Helen F. Fredricks and Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4605}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads4605}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unraveling plankton adaptation in global oceans through the untargeted analysis of lipidomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuronal lipofuscinosis caused by kufs disease/CLN4 DNAJC5 mutations but not by a CSPα/DNAJC5 deficiency. SCIADV, 11(21), eads3393. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Kufs disease/CLN4 is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by unknown mechanisms through Leu 115 Arg and Leu 116 Δ mutations in the DNAJC5 gene that encodes the synaptic vesicle co-chaperone cysteine string protein α (CSPα/DNAJC5). To investigate the disease mechanisms in vivo, we generated three independent mouse lines overexpressing different versions of CSPα/DNAJC5 under the neuron-specific Thy1 promoter: wild-type (WT), Leu 115 Arg, and Leu 116 Δ. Mice expressing mutant Leu 115 Arg CSPα/DNAJC5 are viable but develop motor deficits. As described in patients with Kufs disease, we observed the pathological lipofuscinosis and intracellular structures resembling granular osmiophilic deposits (GRODs) in the mutant but not in the WT transgenic lines. Microglia engulf lipofuscin and lipofuscin-containing neurons. Notably, conventional or conditional knockout mice lacking CSPα/DNAJC5 did not exhibit any signs of increased lipofuscinosis or GRODs. Our novel mouse models provide a valuable tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Kufs disease/CLN4. DNAJC5 mutations cause neuronal lipofuscinosis through a cell-autonomous gain of a pathological function of CSPα/DNAJC5.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Santiago López-Begines and Nozha Borjini and Ángela Lavado-Roldán and Cristina Mesa-Cruz and Fabiola Mavillard and Vera I. Wiersma and Fátima Rubio-Pastor and Emanuela Tumini and Carmen Paradela-Leal and María L. Chiclana-Valcárcel and Carolina Aguado and Rafael Luján and Wiep Scheper and José L. Nieto-González and Rafael Fernández-Chacón}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3393}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads3393}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuronal lipofuscinosis caused by kufs disease/CLN4 DNAJC5 mutations but not by a CSPα/DNAJC5 deficiency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunneling spectroscopy of andreev bands in multiterminal graphene-based josephson junctions. SCIADV, 11(21), eads0342. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multiply connected electronic networks threaded by flux tubes have been proposed as a platform for adiabatic quantum transport and topological states. Multiterminal Josephson junction (MTJJ) has been suggested as a pathway to realize this concept. Yet, the manifestations of topology in MTJJ remain open for experimental study. Here, we investigated the artificial topological band structure of three-terminal graphene Josephson junctions. Using tunneling spectroscopy and magnetic flux gates, we performed a direct mapping of the Andreev bound state (ABS) energy spectrum as a function of two independent phase differences. This ABS spectrum exhibits the transition between gapped states associated with different topological invariants. Our results show the potential of graphene-based MTJJs for engineering band topologies in higher dimensions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Woochan Jung and Seyoung Jin and Sein Park and Seung-Hyun Shin and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Gil Young Cho and Gil-Ho Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0342}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads0342}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunneling spectroscopy of andreev bands in multiterminal graphene-based josephson junctions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 2D material exciton-polariton transport on 2D photonic crystals. SCIADV, 11(21), eads0231. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transport of elementary excitations is a fundamental property of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, essential for wide-ranging phenomena and device applications. Although exciton transport reported in 2D materials barely exceeds 1 to 2 micrometers, coherent coupling of excitons with photons to form polaritons enables extended transport lengths and offers opportunities to use photonic mode engineering for tailored transport. Conventional vertical cavity or waveguide polaritons, however, are challenging to tune and integrate into photonic circuits. We report the transport of transition metal dichalcogenide polaritons in 2D photonic crystals that are highly versatile for tuning, mode engineering, and integration. We achieve an order-of-magnitude enhancement in transport length compared to bare excitons and reveal transport dependence on polariton dispersion and population dynamics, which are controlled via photonic crystal design and pump intensity. Stimulated relaxation observed in the system suggests the potential for forming superfluid polaritons with frictionless transport. These findings establish 2D photonic crystal polaritons as a versatile platform for advancing photonic energy transport technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xin Xie and Qiuyang Li and Chenxi Liu and Yuze Liu and Chulwon Lee and Kai Sun and Hui Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0231}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eads0231}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {2D material exciton-polariton transport on 2D photonic crystals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell profiling demonstrates the combined effect of wheeze phenotype and infant viral infection on airway epithelial development. SCIADV, 11(21), eadr9995. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The development of the airway epithelium in asthma is unclear. We characterized nasal airway epithelial cell (NAEC) developmental phenotypes from children aged 2 to 3 years in an a priori designed nested birth cohort from four mutually exclusive groups of wheezers/nonwheezers and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–infected/uninfected in the first year of life. NAECs were differentiated, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and in vitro RSV infection. Gene expression of NAECs from children with a wheeze phenotype indicated abnormal differentiation and basal cell activation of developmental pathways, plasticity in precursor differentiation, delayed onset of maturation, increased diversity of RSV receptors, and blunted antiviral immune responses to in vitro RSV infection. The most marked changes in differentiation were observed in NAECs from children with both wheeze and RSV in the first year of life. Together, this suggests that airway epithelium in children with wheeze is developmentally reprogrammed and characterized by increased barrier permeability, decreased antiviral response, and altered RSV receptor expression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sergejs Berdnikovs and Dawn C. Newcomb and Nana-Fatima Haruna and Kaitlin E. McKernan and Shelby N. Kuehnle and Tebeb Gebretsadik and Christopher McKennan and Siyuan Ma and Jacqueline-Yvonne Cephus and Christian Rosas-Salazar and Larry J. Anderson and James E. Gern and Tina Hartert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9995}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadr9995}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell profiling demonstrates the combined effect of wheeze phenotype and infant viral infection on airway epithelial development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CD8+ t cell–derived CD40L mediates noncanonical cytotoxicity in CD40-expressing cancer cells. SCIADV, 11(21), eadr9331. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {T cells and their effector functions, in particular the canonical cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells involving perforin, granzymes, Fas ligand (FasL), and tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), are crucial for tumor immunity. Here, we reveal a previously unidentified mechanism by which CD40L-expressing CD8 + T cells induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. In murine models, up to 50% of tumor-specific CD8 + T cells expressed CD40L, and conditional CD40L ablation in CD8 + T cells alone led to tumor formation. Mechanistically, CD40L + CD8 + T cells can induce cell death in CD40-expressing cancer cells by triggering caspase-8 activation. We demonstrate that a gene signature for resistance to CD40 signaling–induced cell death strongly correlates with worse survival in different human cancer cohorts. Our results introduce CD40L as a rather counterintuitive, noncanonical cytotoxic factor that complements the capabilities of CD8 + T cells to combat cancers and has the potential to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Phillip Schiele and Alberto Sada Japp and Regina Stark and Joanna J. Sattelberg and Christos Nikolaou and Gereon Kornhuber and Parya Abbasi and Nina Ding and Stanislav Rosnev and Stefan Meinke and Kerstin Mühle and Lucie Loyal and Julian Braun and Manuela Dingeldey and Sibel Durlanik and Nadine Matzmohr and Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko and Slawomir Wolczynski and Nafis A. Rahman and Ichiro Taniuchi and Stephan Schlickeiser and Claudia Giesecke-Thiel and Thomas Blankenstein and Il-Kang Na and Andreas Thiel and Marco Frentsch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9331}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadr9331}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CD8+ t cell–derived CD40L mediates noncanonical cytotoxicity in CD40-expressing cancer cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impact plasma amplification of the ancient lunar dynamo. SCIADV, 11(21), eadr7401. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spacecraft magnetometry and paleomagnetic measurements of lunar samples provide evidence that the Moon had a magnetic field billions of years ago. Because this field was likely stronger than that predicted by scaling laws for core convection dynamos, a longstanding hypothesis is that an ancient dynamo was amplified by plasma from basin-forming impacts. However, there have been no self-consistent models that quantify whether this process can generate the required field intensities. Our impact and magnetohydrodynamic simulations show that for an initial maximum surface field of only 2 microtesla, plasmas created from basin-forming impacts can amplify a planetary dipole field at the basin antipode to ~43 microtesla. This process, coupled with impact-induced body pressure waves focusing at the antipode, could produce magnetization that can account for the crustal fields observed today.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Isaac S. Narrett and Rona Oran and Yuxi Chen and Katarina Miljković and Gábor Tóth and Elias N. Mansbach and Benjamin P. Weiss}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7401}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadr7401}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impact plasma amplification of the ancient lunar dynamo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Immune cell infiltration into brain tumor microenvironment is mediated by rab27-regulated vascular wall integrity. SCIADV, 11(21), eadr6940. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aggressive brain tumors often exhibit immunologically ‘cold’ microenvironment, where the vascular barrier impedes effective immunotherapy in poorly understood ways. Tumor vasculature also plays a pivotal role in immunoregulation and antitumor immunity. Here, we show that small GTPase Rab27 controls the vascular morphogenesis and permeability for blood content and immune effectors. Thus, in Rab27a/b double knock out (Rab27-dKO) mice, the brain vasculature is abnormally scarce, while the blood vessels become dysmorphic and hyperpermeable in the context of brain tumors, including syngeneic glioblastoma. These defects are reflected in rearrangements of endothelial cell subpopulations with underlying diminution of venous endothelial subtype along with changes in gene and protein expression. Notably, Rab27-dKO brain endothelial cells exhibit deficient tight junctions, whereby they enable large-scale extravasation of cytotoxic T cells into the tumor mass. We show that Rab27-regulated vascular T cell infiltration can be exploited to enhance adoptive T cell therapy in syngeneic brain tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lata Adnani and Brian Meehan and Minjun Kim and Dongsic Choi and Christopher E. Rudd and Yasser Riazalhosseini and Janusz Rak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6940}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadr6940}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Immune cell infiltration into brain tumor microenvironment is mediated by rab27-regulated vascular wall integrity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hippocampal zkscan4 confers resilience to chronic stress–induced depression-like behaviors. SCIADV, 11(21), eadr2291. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Major depression is a prevalent and devastating psychiatric disorder. However, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. Here, we found reduced expression of zinc finger protein with Krüppel-associated box and SCAN domains 4 (Zkscan4) in the hippocampi of patients with major depressive disorder and stress-susceptible mice. Zkscan4 disruption ( Zkscan4 −/− ) was sufficient to induce depression-like behaviors following subthreshold social stress. Zkscan4 regulated excitatory synaptic transmission mainly through direct interaction with the Htr2a promoter and the recruitment of glucocorticoid receptors for the transcriptional repression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2a (Htr2a). Reduced excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus and stress susceptibility in Zkscan4 −/− mice were restored by pharmacological inhibition, genetic knockdown of Htr2a, or overexpression of the amino-terminal SCAN domain of Zkscan4 (Zkscan4 1–133 ) in cornus ammonis region 3. Our findings demonstrate an essential role of Zkscan4 in promoting stress resilience, suggesting a potential antidepressant effect of Zkscan4 1–133 .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kai Gao and Yang Yang and Xiaoxuan Sun and Jinxin Wang and Xiaqin Sun and Tianlan Lu and Lifang Wang and Ming Li and Weihua Yue and Hesheng Liu and Dai Zhang and Jun Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2291}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadr2291}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hippocampal zkscan4 confers resilience to chronic stress–induced depression-like behaviors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). When less is more: Counterintuitive stoichiometriesand cellular abundances are essential for ABC transporters’ function. SCIADV, 11(21), eadq7470. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prokaryotes acquire essential nutrients primarily through adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette (ABC) importers, consisting of an adenosine triphosphatase, a permease, and a substrate-binding protein. These importers are highly underrepresented in proteomic databases, limiting our knowledge about their cellular copy numbers, component stoichiometry, and the mechanistic implications of these parameters. We developed a tailored proteomic approach to compile the most comprehensive dataset to date of the Escherichia coli “ABC importome.” Functional assays and analyses of deletion strains revealed mechanistic features linking molecular mechanisms to cellular abundances, colocalization, and component stoichiometries. We observed four to five orders of magnitude variation in import system abundances, with copy numbers tuned to nutrient hierarchies essential for growth. Abundances of substrate-binding proteins are unrelated to their substrate binding affinities but are tightly yet inversely correlated with their interaction affinity with permeases. Counterintuitive component stoichiometries are crucial for function, offering insights into the design principles of multicomponent protein systems, potentially extending beyond ABC importers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hiba Qasem Abdullah and Nurit Livnat Levanon and Michal Perach and Moti Grupper and Tamar Ziv and Oded Lewinson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7470}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadq7470}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {When less is more: Counterintuitive stoichiometriesand cellular abundances are essential for ABC transporters’ function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global spatiotemporal patterns of demographic fluctuations in terrestrial vertebrates during the late pleistocene. SCIADV, 11(21), eadq3938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Demographic fluctuations are crucial for assessing species’ threat levels, yet their global spatiotemporal patterns and historical drivers remain unknown. Here, we used single whole-genome sequence data for 527 extant and widespread terrestrial vertebrates to investigate their demographic fluctuations during the Late Pleistocene. Effective population size ( N e ) simulations indicated that all taxa experienced a population decline from the Last Interglacial to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). After the LGM, birds and amphibians underwent population expansion, whereas mammals and reptiles’ populations declined. Regions with high N e shifted from Neotropical to Afrotropical and to Palearctic, some overlapping with recognized glacial refugia and biodiversity hotspots. In addition, climate-related factors exerted long-term effects on N e , while human disturbances might confine to specific regions around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. This study underscores the significance of quantifying vertebrate genetic vulnerability to guide biodiversity conservation in response to environmental changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zitian Li and Huizhong Fan and Ziyan Liao and Yuxuan Wang and Fuwen Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {21}, pages = {eadq3938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global spatiotemporal patterns of demographic fluctuations in terrestrial vertebrates during the late pleistocene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Targeting VPS18 hampers retromer trafficking of PD-l1 and augments immunotherapy” by t. dong et al.. SCIADV, 11(20), eady6113. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published versions of Figs. 2 and 5 and fig. S1 in the Research Article “Targeting VPS18 hampers retromer trafficking of PD-L1 and augments immunotherapy” by T. Dong et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady6113}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eady6113}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Targeting VPS18 hampers retromer trafficking of PD-l1 and augments immunotherapy” by t. dong et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Four SpsP neurons are an integrating sleep regulation hub in drosophila” by x. dai et al.. SCIADV, 11(20), eady4857. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Four SpsP neurons are an integrating sleep regulation hub in Drosophila” by X. Dai et al. included three errors in the fly strains listed in Table 1.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady4857}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eady4857}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Four SpsP neurons are an integrating sleep regulation hub in drosophila” by x. dai et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The cost of clean air: Global disparities in reducing indoor wildfire-related PM2.5 exposure. SCIADV, 11(20), eady0890. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Using air purifiers to reduce indoor exposure to wildfire-related PM 2.5 is effective but costly, placing a disproportionately higher financial burden on low-income countries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Li and Yifang Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ady0890}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eady0890}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The cost of clean air: Global disparities in reducing indoor wildfire-related PM2.5 exposure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Introducing the “other” type of DNA methylation. SCIADV, 11(20), eadx6879. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {De novo adenine DNA methyltransferases have been identified in the ciliate Tetrahymena .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthias Bochtler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6879}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadx6879}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Introducing the “other” type of DNA methylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acoustofluidic spin control for 3D particle manipulation in droplets. SCIADV, 11(20), eadx0269. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rotation of objects and corresponding dynamic systems plays a critical role in applications ranging from microscale droplet-based biochemical assays to nanoscale fluid transport and targeted drug delivery. However, directly observing and controlling these rotational phenomena across these different scales remains a challenge. Here, we introduce an acoustofluidic spinning control method that dynamically guides particles into three-dimensional, periodic spatial patterns within a droplet. Using surface acoustic waves, we induce internal streaming that generates centrifugal forces counteracted by surface tension, leading to the formation of rotating Stokes waves along the droplet’s equator. We show that fluid motion inside the droplet couples with these rotating waves, giving rise to a controllable superimposed helical particle orbit. These findings provide a platform for controlled rotational flows with potential applications in droplet-based microfluidics, biochemical processing, and tunable particle transport in lab-on-a-chip systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuyi Chen and Yuyang Gu and Joseph Rufo and Jinxin Zhang and Kaichun Yang and Ying Chen and Luke P. Lee and Tony Jun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0269}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadx0269}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acoustofluidic spin control for 3D particle manipulation in droplets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Achieving symmetric snap-through buckling via designed magnetic actuation. SCIADV, 11(20), eadw1259. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Symmetric snap-through buckling, although both theoretically achievable and practically advantageous, has remained rare in bistable systems, with most studies favoring asymmetric snapping due to its lower energy barrier. Previous observations of symmetric snapping have been limited to high loading rates. In this work, we present a universal strategy to achieve symmetric snapping under quasi-static conditions by designing magnetization (M)–interface patterns that effectively suppress asymmetric modes. A simplified theoretical model demonstrates that this behavior results from the interplay between pitchfork and saddle-node bifurcations, with predictions validated through simulations and experiments using hard magnetic elastomers. Resisting forces generated by multiple M-interfaces counteract asymmetric snapping, enabling distinct symmetric configurations. Extending this approach to higher-order symmetric snapping, we uncover a quasi-linear scaling law between critical fields and snapping order. These findings establish a robust framework for designing snapping systems with enhanced control and predictability, as demonstrated by a mechanical-magnetic snapping switch, paving the way for advanced applications in precision engineering and magnetic-mechanical actuation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yingchao Zhang and Weicheng Huang and Mingchao Liu and Jing Yu and Huajian Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1259}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadw1259}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Achieving symmetric snap-through buckling via designed magnetic actuation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A skin-mimicking multifunctional hydrogel via hierarchical, reversible noncovalent interactions. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv8523. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Artificial skin is essential for bionic robotics, facilitating human skin–like functions such as sensation, communication, and protection. However, replicating a skin-matched all-in-one material with excellent mechanical properties, self-healing, adhesion, and multimodal sensing remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a multifunctional hydrogel by establishing a consolidated organic/metal bismuth ion architecture (COMBIA). Benefiting from hierarchical reversible noncovalent interactions, the COMBIA hydrogel exhibits an optimal combination of mechanical and functional properties, particularly its integrated mechanical properties, including unprecedented stretchability, fracture toughness, and resilience. Furthermore, these hydrogels demonstrate superior conductivity, optical transparency, freezing tolerance, adhesion capability, and spontaneous mechanical and electrical self-healing. These unified functions render our hydrogel exceptional properties such as shape adaptability, skin-like perception, and energy harvesting capabilities. To demonstrate its potential applications, an artificial skin using our COMBIA hydrogel was configured for stimulus signal recording, which, as a promising soft electronics platform, could be used for next-generation human-machine interfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xingkui Guo and Songlin Zhang and Shubham Patel and Xiaolu Sun and You-Liang Zhu and Zechang Wei and Rongguo Wang and Xiaodong He and Zuankai Wang and Cunjiang Yu and Swee Ching Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8523}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv8523}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A skin-mimicking multifunctional hydrogel via hierarchical, reversible noncovalent interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A roadmap for safe, regulation-compliant living labs for AI and digital health development. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv7719. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Safe and agile experimentation spaces are essential for developing AI-enabled medical devices and digital health innovations. “Living Labs” offer a collaborative environment for testing technologies in near-real-world settings, capturing user perspectives and outcomes, often missed in traditional testing. However, the flexibility of Living Labs often clashes with the European Union’s rigid regulatory frameworks for medical devices that were not designed for digital technologies. We examine this intersection, showing how flexibility in evaluation and patient interaction can coexist with safety guardrails. Our approach integrates technology readiness, preemptive planning, and iterative modifications to bridge innovation and regulation, fostering adaptive health care technology development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephen Gilbert and Rebecca Mathias and Anett Schönfelder and Magdalena Wekenborg and Julia Steinigen-Fuchs and Anja Dillenseger and Tjalf Ziemssen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7719}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv7719}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A roadmap for safe, regulation-compliant living labs for AI and digital health development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure of a photosystem i supercomplex from galdieria sulphuraria close to an ancestral red alga. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv7488. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Red algae exhibit unique photosynthetic adaptations, characterized by photosystem I (PSI) supercomplexes containing light-harvesting complexes (LHCs), forming PSI-LHCI supercomplexes. In this study, we solved the PSI-LHCI structure of Galdieria sulphuraria NIES-3638 at 2.19-angstrom resolution using cryo–electron microscopy, revealing a PSI monomer core associated with seven LHCI subunits. Structural analysis uncovered the absence of phylloquinones, the common secondary electron acceptor in PSI of photosynthetic organisms, suggesting adaptation to a benzoquinone-like molecule. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that G. sulphuraria retains traits characteristic of an ancestral red alga, including distinctive LHCI binding and interaction patterns. Variations in LHCI composition and interactions across red algae, particularly in red-lineage chlorophyll a / b –binding–like protein and red algal LHCs, highlight evolutionary divergence and specialization. These findings not only deepen our understanding of red algal PSI-LHCI diversification but also enable us to predict features of an ancestral red algal PSI-LHCI supercomplex, providing a framework to explore evolutionary adaptations from an ancestral red alga.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Koji Kato and Minoru Kumazawa and Yoshiki Nakajima and Takehiro Suzuki and Naoshi Dohmae and Jian-Ren Shen and Kentaro Ifuku and Ryo Nagao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7488}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv7488}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure of a photosystem i supercomplex from galdieria sulphuraria close to an ancestral red alga}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Upgraded circular single-stranded DNA regulators for multiple-input multiple-output gene circuits in mammalian cells. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv3396. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synthetic gene networks hold promise for genetic diagnostics and gene therapy but face limitations due to insufficient molecular tools. Gene-encoded circular single-stranded DNA (Css DNA) has been developed as a switchable vector to enrich regulatory components beyond protein/RNA-based systems in mammalian cells. However, the previous Css DNA regulator suffered from constrained regulatory sequence flexibility, disability of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signals, and lack of endogenous orthogonal regulation. Here, we address these challenges by engineering a “bridge” design into the Css DNA regulator. These bridges function as sequence-programmable switches to control gene expression, responding to endogenous molecular signals (such as ATP, APE1, and RNase H) and enabling trans-regulation within or between Css DNAs. We exploit the orthogonality of Css DNA regulator to construct the three-input three-output genetic circuits. The upgraded Css DNA–based regulatory strategy represents a versatile and powerful platform for gene regulation and provides a promising avenue for the development of synthetic gene networks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Linlin Tang and Jinghao Wang and Kaiqi Xu and Zhen Li and Jie Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3396}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv3396}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Upgraded circular single-stranded DNA regulators for multiple-input multiple-output gene circuits in mammalian cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-positioning microdevices enable adaptable spatial displaying. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv2721. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptable display with spatial imaging, fostering advancements in extended reality with unconventional form requirements, is indispensable in scientific research, telemedicine, rescue, and space exploration. The adjustable photon spin angular momentum derived from chiral optical materials offer applicative lights for binocular stereo imaging displays, thus allowing an unimaginable immersive experience while maintaining awareness of surroundings. However, current chiral illuminant struggles to obtain adequate electroluminescence asymmetry during power-on display. Here, we present a designed self-positioning strategy to build new flexible spatial displays, integrating numerous multilayered circularly polarized electroluminescent microdevices, for real-time depth information control on the screen. With the devices’ luminescence asymmetry value of up to 1.0 under electro-excitation, we visualize third-dimensional information using our chiral material-integrated tablet. Afterward, combined with a robot, we realize a series of remote human-machine interaction operations based on extended reality conditions. Our adaptable spatial display bridges the gap between virtuality and reality, making pioneering explorations in chiral luminous fields for extended reality and beyond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Guo and Zeyi Li and Yajie Zhou and Shanshan Zhao and Yaxin Wang and Mingjiang Zhang and Guangen Li and Zhi Tong and Taotao Zhuang and Shu-Hong Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2721}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv2721}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-positioning microdevices enable adaptable spatial displaying}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hsc70-4: An unanticipated mediator of dsRNA internalization in drosophila. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv1286. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The small interfering RNA pathway is the primary antiviral defense mechanism in invertebrates and plants. This systemic mechanism relies on the recognition, transport, and internalization of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Our aim was to identify cell surface proteins that bind extracellular dsRNA and mediate its internalization in Drosophila cells. We used coimmunoprecipitation coupled with proteomics analysis and found that silencing heat shock cognate protein 70-4 (Hsc70-4), a constitutively expressed heat shock protein, impairs dsRNA internalization. Unexpectedly, despite lacking a predicted transmembrane domain, Hsc70-4 localizes to the cell membrane via lipid interactions. Antibody blocking experiments revealed an extracellular domain on Hsc70-4 that is essential for dsRNA internalization. Intriguingly, this dsRNA-specific binding capacity of Hsc70-4 functions independently of its chaperone activity. These findings not only highlight Hsc70-4 as a previously uncharacterized and essential component in the dsRNA internalization process but also offer promising insights for advancing RNA interference–based technologies to combat pests and vector-borne diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sabrina J. Fletcher and Eugenia S. Bardossy and Lorena Tomé-Poderti and Thomas Moss and Vanesa Mongelli and Lionel Frangeul and Hervé Blanc and Yann Verdier and Joelle Vinh and Shaeri Mukherjee and Maria-Carla Saleh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1286}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv1286}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hsc70-4: An unanticipated mediator of dsRNA internalization in drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aboral cell types of clytia and coral larvae have shared features and link taurine to the regulation of settlement. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv1159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Larval settlement is of interest both for ecologists and for evolutionary biologists, who have proposed that anterior sensory systems for substrate selection provided the basis for animal brains. Nevertheless, the cellular and molecular regulation of settlement, including in Cnidaria (corals, jellyfish, sea anemones, and hydroids), is not well understood. We generated and compared anterior (aboral) transcriptomes and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from the planula larvae of three cnidarian species: the jellyfish Clytia hemisphaerica and the corals Astroides calycularis and Pocillopora acuta . Integrating these datasets and characterizing aboral cell types, we defined common cellular features of the planula aboral end and identified clade-specific specializations in cell types. Among shared features were genes implicated in taurine uptake and catabolism expressed in distinct specialized aboral cell types. In functional assays using both Clytia and Astroides planulae, exogenous taurine inhibited settlement. These findings define the molecular and cellular architecture of the planula aboral pole and implicate localized taurine destruction in regulating settlement.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julia Ramon-Mateu and Anna Ferraioli and Núria Teixidó and Isabelle Domart-Coulon and Evelyn Houliston and Richard R. Copley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv1159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aboral cell types of clytia and coral larvae have shared features and link taurine to the regulation of settlement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Giant room-temperature terahertz photothermoelectric response mediated by hot carriers at the metal-semimetal interfaces. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv0768. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The hot-carrier photothermoelectric (PTE) effect in two-dimensional materials can be used to develop room-temperature, fast, and sensitive detectors for microwave, terahertz, and far-infrared radiations. Here, we present a van der Waals semimetal PtSe 2 terahertz detector and find a giant terahertz PTE response mediated by hot carriers at the metal-PtSe 2 interfaces. The detector demonstrates an excellent zero-bias responsivity of 0.62 ampere per watt (A/W), a low-noise equivalent power of 19.6 picowatt per square root of hertz (pW/Hz 1/2 ), and a fast response time of 4.5 nanosecond (ns) at 0.1 terahertz (THz). The metal doping effect and asymmetric terahertz heating play vital roles in the hot-carrier PTE response at the metal-semimetal interfaces. Moreover, scanning photocurrent mapping shows that the short-wave zero-bias photoresponse is closely localized to the metal-semimetal interfaces, further revealing the metal doping effect. The bias-dependent photocurrent indicates that the short-wave photoresponse still originates from the PTE effect and the photovoltaic response is negligible. Our results provide important guidance for developing high performance semimetal detectors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Miao Cai and Jinhua Zhang and Yuanbo Chen and Liang Hong and Jingjing Fu and Xingguo Zheng and Yifan Yao and Shichen Zhang and Yinjun Liu and Boyu Dong and Shu Chen and Ping Li and Guanjun You and Junwen Zhang and Xuguang Guo and Yiming Zhu and Songlin Zhuang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0768}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv0768}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Giant room-temperature terahertz photothermoelectric response mediated by hot carriers at the metal-semimetal interfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thermoforming 2D films into 3D electronics for high-performance, customizable tactile sensing. SCIADV, 11(20), eadv0057. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The demand for tactile sensors in robotics, virtual reality, and health care highlights the need for high performance and customizability. Despite advances in vision-based technologies, tactile sensing remains crucial for precise interaction and subtle pressure detection. In this work, we present a design and fabrication method of customizable tactile sensors based on thermoformed three-dimensional electronics. This approach enables ultrawide modulus tunability (10 pascals to 1 megapascal) and superior mechanical properties, including negligible hysteresis and high creep resistance. These features allow the sensor to detect a broad spectrum of pressures, from acoustic waves to body weight, with high performance. The proposed sensors have high sensitivity (up to 5884 per kilopascal), high linearity ( R 2 = 0.999), low hysteresis (<0.5%), and fast response (0.1 milliseconds). We demonstrate applications in human-computer interaction and health care, showcasing their potential in various fields. This platform provides a scalable solution for fabricating versatile, high-performance tactile sensors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jungrak Choi and Chankyu Han and Donho Lee and Hyunjin Kim and Gihun Lee and Ji-Hwan Ha and Yongrok Jeong and Junseong Ahn and Hyunkyu Park and Hyeonseok Han and Seokjoo Cho and Jimin Gu and Inkyu Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0057}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadv0057}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thermoforming 2D films into 3D electronics for high-performance, customizable tactile sensing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Emergent social conventions and collective bias in LLM populations. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu9368. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Social conventions are the backbone of social coordination, shaping how individuals form a group. As growing populations of artificial intelligence (AI) agents communicate through natural language, a fundamental question is whether they can bootstrap the foundations of a society. Here, we present experimental results that demonstrate the spontaneous emergence of universally adopted social conventions in decentralized populations of large language model (LLM) agents. We then show how strong collective biases can emerge during this process, even when agents exhibit no bias individually. Last, we examine how committed minority groups of adversarial LLM agents can drive social change by imposing alternative social conventions on the larger population. Our results show that AI systems can autonomously develop social conventions without explicit programming and have implications for designing AI systems that align, and remain aligned, with human values and societal goals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ariel Flint Ashery and Luca Maria Aiello and Andrea Baronchelli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9368}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu9368}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Emergent social conventions and collective bias in LLM populations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Crustal to mantle melt storage during the evolution of hawaiian volcanoes. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu9332. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As the Pacific Plate migrates over the mantle plume below Hawaiʻi, magma flux decreases, resulting in changes in eruptive volume, style, and composition. It is thought that melt storage becomes deeper and ephemeral with the transition from highly voluminous tholeiitic (shield stage) to the less voluminous alkaline (post-shield and rejuvenation stages) magmatism. To quantitatively test this, we applied high-precision fluid inclusion barometry via Raman spectroscopy to samples from representative volcanoes of different evolutionary stages. This suggests an evolution from shield-stage shallow magma storage (~1 to 2 kilometers) for Kīlauea to a post-shield stage that includes crustal magma storage within the volcanic edifice (~2 kilometers) and deeper storage below the Moho (~20 to 27 kilometers) for Haleakalā. The rejuvenation stage (Diamond Head) displays mantle-dominated storage (~22 to 30 kilometers). High melt fluxes likely form stable conduits from the mantle to a shallow reservoir in the shield volcanoes. As melt flux decreases, the Moho becomes the boundary controlling melt stagnation and evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Esteban Gazel and Kyle Dayton and Wenwei Liang and Junlin Hua and Kendra J. Lynn and Julia E. Hammer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9332}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu9332}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Crustal to mantle melt storage during the evolution of hawaiian volcanoes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Design of nondeterministic architected structures via bioinspired distributed agents. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu8260. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nature manufactures structures via decentralized processes involving groups of agents. This is fundamentally different from traditional manufacturing, where objects are produced via sequences of predefined steps. In this work, we explore the idea of using simulated “swarms” of simple agents to generate new designs for architected materials in a decentralized, bioinspired manner. Individual agents choose their own actions based solely on information in their immediate environment, with no centralized control. The structures that these processes produce are the result of the collective action of the individual agents, rather than a predetermined design. We build an integrated platform for determining “rule-structure-property” relationships, analogous to process-structure-property relationships in materials science. The platform simulates agent behaviors to show how different rules and different environments result in different structures. We then three-dimensional print these and perform finite element analysis to experimentally and numerically characterize mechanical properties, including tensile strength and energy dissipation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiakun Liu and Xiaoheng Zhu and Walker Gosrich and Mark Yim and Jordan R. Raney}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8260}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu8260}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Design of nondeterministic architected structures via bioinspired distributed agents}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fibronectin in the olfactory mucus increases sensitivity of olfactory receptor response to odorants. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu7271. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Olfaction is a highly sensitive chemical detection system, but the origins of this sensitivity remain poorly understood. In terrestrial vertebrates, inhaled odorants diffuse through olfactory epithelial mucus (OEM) before activating olfactory receptors (ORs) on olfactory sensory neurons and initiating adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP)–mediated signaling. Impaired OEM secretion is associated with impaired olfactory sensitivity in humans and mice, but it remains unclear whether OEM directly improves sensitivity and whether specific active factors exist. Here, using a cAMP imaging–based heterologous OR expression assay, we demonstrate that fibronectin from human OEM increases the sensitivity of OR response to odorant. Fibronectin application partially restores electrical olfactory response of the mouse olfactory epithelium after OEM removal. In humans, OEM fibronectin levels are significantly decreased in patients with idiopathic olfactory disorder. These findings shed light on the role of OEM fibronectin in olfaction and may lead to sensitivity-enhancing additives for odorant sensors and treatments for hyposmia.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stella Chapman and Kenji Kondo and Sayoko Ihara and Chiori Ijichi and Kazushige Touhara and Koji Sato}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7271}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu7271}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fibronectin in the olfactory mucus increases sensitivity of olfactory receptor response to odorants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Capturing structural intermediates in an animal-like cryptochrome photoreceptor by time-resolved crystallography. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu7247. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Animal-like cryptochromes are photoreceptors that control circadian rhythm and signaling in many eukaryotes. Transient photoreduction of the cryptochrome flavin chromophore initiated signaling via a poorly understood mechanism. By serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX), we show that the photoreduction mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cryptochrome involves three loci [carboxyl-terminal region, a transient protonation pathway, and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)–binding site] acting in unison to accomplish three effects: radical pair stabilization, protonation of FAD radical, and formation of the signaling state. Using 19 time-resolved SFX snapshots between 10 nanoseconds and 233 milliseconds, we found that light-driven FAD •– /tyrosyl-373 radical pair (RP) formation primes α22 unfolding. Electron transfer–dependent protonation of aspartate-321 by tyrosine-373 is the epicenter of unfolding by disrupting salt bridges between α22 and the photolyase homology region. Before helix unfolding, another pathway opens transiently for FAD •– protonation and RP stabilization. This link between RP formation and conformational changes provides a structural basis for signaling by animal-like cryptochromes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manuel Maestre-Reyna and Yuhei Hosokawa and Po-Hsun Wang and Martin Saft and Nicolas Caramello and Sylvain Engilberge and Sophie Franz-Badur and Eka Putra Gusti Ngurah Putu and Mai Nakamura and Wen-Jin Wu and Hsiang-Yi Wu and Cheng-Chung Lee and Wei-Cheng Huang and Kai-Fa Huang and Yao-Kai Chang and Cheng-Han Yang and Meng-Iao Fong and Wei-Ting Lin and Kai-Chun Yang and Yuki Ban and Tomoki Imura and Atsuo Kazuoka and Eisho Tanida and Shigeki Owada and Yasumasa Joti and Rie Tanaka and Tomoyuki Tanaka and Jungmin Kang and Fangjia Luo and Kensuke Tono and Stephan Kiontke and Lukas Korf and Yasufumi Umena and Takehiko Tosha and Yoshitaka Bessho and Eriko Nango and So Iwata and Antoine Royant and Ming-Daw Tsai and Junpei Yamamoto and Lars-Oliver Essen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7247}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu7247}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Capturing structural intermediates in an animal-like cryptochrome photoreceptor by time-resolved crystallography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The big impact of small quakes on tectonic tremor synchronization. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu7173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tectonic tremor tracks the repeated slow rupture of certain major plate boundary faults. One of the most perplexing aspects about tremor is that some fault segments produce strongly periodic, spatially extensive tremor episodes, while others have more disorganized, asynchronous activity. Here, we measure the size of segments that activate synchronously during tremor episodes and the relationship to regional earthquake rate on major plate boundaries. Tremor synchronization in space seems to be limited by the activity of small, nearby crustal and intraslab earthquakes. This observation can be explained by a competition between the self-synchronization of fault segments and perturbation by regional earthquakes. Our results imply previously unrecognized interactions across subduction systems, in which earthquake activity far from the fault influences whether it breaks in small or large segments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gaspard Farge and Emily E. Brodsky}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu7173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The big impact of small quakes on tectonic tremor synchronization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The microRNA OsmiR393 regulates rice brown planthopper resistance by modulating the auxin–ROS signaling cross-talk. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu6722. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Auxin plays critical roles in plant development and stress response. However, the roles of auxin and the immune signaling factor, reactive oxygen species (ROS), in resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH), a notorious rice-specific piercing–sucking insect that causes severe yield losses, remain unclear. We revealed that moderate naphthalene acetic acid treatment activates rice resistance to BPH, BPH infestation induces ROS accumulation, and increase in ROS content promotes BPH resistance. Underlying these phenomena, the auxin receptors OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 positively, whereas the posttranscriptional regulator OsmiR393 negatively, regulate BPH resistance. Downstream of the OsmiR393/OsTIR1 module, through successive genetic function analysis of each gene, solid genetic relationship analysis, and various biochemical assays, we established an OsmiR393/OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF12-OsRbohB genetic pathway that mediates BPH resistance, in which ROS are integral. Such cross-talk between auxin and ROS reveals the intricate signaling network underlying BPH resistance, which might assist with BPH resistance breeding.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lin Zhu and Haichao Li and Zhihuan Tao and Feilong Ma and Shujun Wu and Xuexia Miao and Liming Cao and Zhenying Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6722}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu6722}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The microRNA OsmiR393 regulates rice brown planthopper resistance by modulating the auxin–ROS signaling cross-talk}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dual DNA demethylation mechanisms implement epigenetic memory driven by the pioneer factor PAX7. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu6632. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pioneer transcription factors have the unique ability to open chromatin at enhancers to implement new cell fates. They also provide epigenetic memory through demethylation of enhancer DNA, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We now show that the pioneer paired box 7 (PAX7) triggers DNA demethylation using two replication-dependent mechanisms, including direct PAX7 interaction with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (UHRF1)-DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) complex that is responsible for DNA methylation maintenance. PAX7 binds to UHRF1 and prevents its interaction with DNMT1, thus blocking activation of its enzyme activity. The ten-eleven translocation DNA dioxygenase (TET) DNA demethylases also contribute to the replication-dependent loss of DNA methylation. Thus, PAX7 hijacks UHRF1 to block activation of DNMT1 after replication, leading to loss of DNA methylation by dilution, and the process is assisted by the action of TET demethylases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Juliette Harris and Alexandre Mayran and Arthur Gouhier and Yves Gauthier and Nawal Hajj Sleiman and Samir Merabet and Michael Dukatz and Pavel Bashtrykov and Albert Jeltsch and Haig Djambazian and Shu-Huang Chen and Aurelio Balsalobre and Jacques Drouin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6632}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu6632}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dual DNA demethylation mechanisms implement epigenetic memory driven by the pioneer factor PAX7}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stress-engineered ultra-broadband spectrometers. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu4225. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The evolution of miniaturized spectroscopic tools is pivotal for expanding the application of spectral data across scientific, industrial, and consumer domains. Recent advancements in computationally augmented systems have dramatically reduced device form factors toward those compatible with consumer tech integration. However, for a commercial reality, most applications demand operation across visible to short-wave infrared (SWIR) range. In this regard, existing miniaturized devices are either constrained by physical properties; use complex, costly, or unscalable fabrication techniques; or require multiple components to address separate parts of the spectrum. Here, we report on a low-cost, visible to SWIR, miniaturized spectrometer design enabled by a mass-producible, nonlithographic method of engineering planar dispersive elements from widely available plastics. By deforming shape memory epoxies, we encode spectral information, which is processed by a complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensor array and reconstructed via algorithms. This design offers broadband capability from 400 to 1600 nanometers and enables line-scanning spectral imaging, paving the way for affordable spectrometers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gongyuan Zhang and Tom Albrow-Owen and Wenjun Peng and Xin Liang and Xianming Zhang and Pan Wang and Dawei Di and Shurong Dong and Jikui Luo and Guo Wang and Hongfeng Mu and Qian Zhao and Xuhan Guo and Qi Jie Wang and Tawfique Hasan and Zongyin Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4225}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu4225}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stress-engineered ultra-broadband spectrometers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). State-dependent associative plasticity highlights function-specific premotor-motor pathways crucial for arbitrary visuomotor mapping. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu4098. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arbitrary visuomotor mapping (AVMM) showcases the brain’s ability to link sensory inputs with actions. The ventral premotor cortex (PMv) is proposed as central to sensorimotor transformations, relaying descending motor commands through the primary motor cortex (M1). However, direct evidence of this pathway’s involvement in AVMM remains elusive. In four experiments, we used cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) to enhance (ccPAS PMv-M1 ) or inhibit (ccPAS M1-PMv ) PMv-to-M1 connectivity via Hebbian plasticity. Leveraging state-dependent properties of transcranial magnetic stimulation, we targeted function-specific visuomotor neurons within the pathway, testing their physiological/behavioral relevance to AVMM. State-dependent ccPAS PMv-M1 , applied during motor responses to target visual cues, enhanced neurophysiological and behavioral indices of AVMM, while ccPAS M1-PMv had an opposite influence, with the effects being more pronounced for target relative to control visual cues. These results highlight the plasticity and causal role of spatially overlapping but functionally specific neural populations within the PMv-M1 pathway in AVMM and suggest state-dependent ccPAS as a tool for targeted modulation of visuomotor pathways.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sonia Turrini and Francesca Fiori and Giorgio Arcara and Vincenzo Romei and Giuseppe di Pellegrino and Alessio Avenanti}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4098}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu4098}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {State-dependent associative plasticity highlights function-specific premotor-motor pathways crucial for arbitrary visuomotor mapping}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How marine cloud brightening could also affect stratospheric ozone. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu4038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stratospheric ozone plays a crucial role in life and ecosystems on Earth, with a vast amount of research focused on the effects of human activities on ozone. Yet, impacts of tropospheric climate intervention methods like marine cloud brightening (MCB) have not previously been considered to reach the stratosphere. In this study, we demonstrate that MCB can also have a significant impact on both stratospheric and tropospheric ozone, and discuss the processes via which such an influence could occur. Our results demonstrate the inherent coupling between the troposphere and the stratosphere and underscore the need to assess not just the potential surface climate impacts of MCB, or any other climate intervention, but also their holistic interaction with the whole Earth system, including the middle atmosphere.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ewa M. Bednarz and James M. Haywood and Daniele Visioni and Amy H. Butler and Andy Jones}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu4038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How marine cloud brightening could also affect stratospheric ozone}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pixelation of perovskite quantum wire thin films with 0.18-μm features and 63,500-ppi pixel density. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu3840. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Halide perovskite materials excel in broad optoelectronic applications, and there is an urgent demand to develop perovskite-based integrated optoelectronic devices. However, the limitations posed by the incompatibility of perovskite thin film with wet lithography greatly hinder its potential in many important applications, including ultrahigh-density displays, high-resolution image sensors, high-density memristors, and integrated photonic circuitry. To tackle this bottleneck problem, we develop the self-aligned close-spaced sublimation growth of perovskite quantum wires and demonstrate 0.18-micrometer feature size perovskite patterns, meanwhile achieving a pixel density of 63,500 pixels per inch, the highest reported for perovskite. We showcase pixelation of perovskite quantum wires with color conversion films, addressing the need for full-color microdisplays. In addition, we demonstrate these films on curved substrates, holding promise for near-eye microdisplays. Processes shown here can also apply to other perovskite devices such as high-resolution displays, image sensing, and memristor arrays.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qianpeng Zhang and Xiaofei Sun and Guanyu Chen and Zichao Ma and Daquan Zhang and Yu Zhou and Xiao Qiu and Beitao Ren and Yucheng Ding and Swapnadeep Poddar and Wenying Tang and Hualiang Lv and Xiaoliang Mo and Zhiyong Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3840}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu3840}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pixelation of perovskite quantum wire thin films with 0.18-μm features and 63,500-ppi pixel density}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oxide semiconductor in a neuromorphic chromaticity communication loop for extreme environment exploration. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu3576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Space exploration, particularly in the extreme space environment, has gained increasing attention. Networked robots capable of real-time environmental perception and autonomous collaboration offer a promising alternative for executing complex precision tasks. Consequently, achieving local reliable communication and preparing irradiation-tolerant materials are essential. Here, we demonstrate a cephalopod-inspired neuromorphic loop that enables chromaticity communication between individual near-sensor processing units. A programmatically aligned aluminum zinc oxide nanofiber array was fabricated and used as conductive channels that can withstand prolonged (~10 4 seconds) and high-dose (~5 × 10 15 ions per square centimeter) proton irradiation. The neuromorphic loop, with capabilities in environmental perception, event-driven processing, adaptive learning, and chromaticity communication, enables the self-driven collaboration of robotic hands based on tactile feedback and ensures reliable mobile links for drone flight control. This work pioneers a direction in neuromorphic visible light communication and marks important progress in the field of biomimetic intelligence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shangda Qu and Qianbo Yu and Chengpeng Jiang and Taoyu Zou and Honghuan Xu and Longlong Zhang and Mengze Tao and Qingshan Zhu and Song Zhang and Cong Geng and Mingjian Yuan and Yong-Young Noh and Wentao Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu3576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oxide semiconductor in a neuromorphic chromaticity communication loop for extreme environment exploration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification and targeting of regulators of SARS-CoV-2–host interactions in the airway epithelium. SCIADV, 11(20), eadu2079. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in the lung has been extensively studied, yet the molecular regulators of host-cell programs hijacked by the virus in distinct human airway epithelial cell populations remain poorly understood. Some of the reasons include overreliance on transcriptomic profiling and use of nonprimary cell systems. Here we report a network-based analysis of single-cell transcriptomic profiles able to identify master regulator (MR) proteins controlling SARS-CoV-2–mediated reprogramming in pathophysiologically relevant human ciliated, secretory, and basal cells. This underscored chromatin remodeling, endosomal sorting, ubiquitin pathways, as well as proviral factors identified by CRISPR assays as components of the viral-host response in these cells. Large-scale drug perturbation screens revealed 11 candidate drugs able to invert the entire MR signature activated by SARS-CoV-2. Leveraging MR analysis and perturbational profiles of human primary cells represents an innovative approach to investigate pathogen-host interactions in multiple airway conditions for drug prioritization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brooke Dirvin and Heeju Noh and Lorenzo Tomassoni and Danting Cao and Yizhuo Zhou and Xiangyi Ke and Jun Qian and Sonia Jangra and Michael Schotsaert and Adolfo García-Sastre and Charles Karan and Andrea Califano and Wellington V. Cardoso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2079}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadu2079}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification and targeting of regulators of SARS-CoV-2–host interactions in the airway epithelium}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Astrocytes-derived LCN2 triggers EV-a71–induced muscle soreness via accumulating lactate. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt9837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viral muscle soreness (VMS) is a common feature during acute viral infections, including those caused by enteroviruses, and it substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life. At present, we aim to establish the “brain-muscle” axis to explore the underlying mechanisms of VMS. We initially observed that diminished pain threshold occurred in enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)–infected C57BL/6J and AG6 mice. Subsequently, RNA sequencing data showed that lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was up-regulated during multiple viral infections, including EV-A71, Japanese encephalitis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and West Nile virus, which all caused VMS. As expected, Lcn2 -deficient C57BL/6 J ( Lcn2 −/− ) mice exhibited greater pain tolerance, as shown by stronger grip force and stable motor function after EV-A71 infection. Mechanistically, EV-A71–induced high-mobility group 1 (HMGB1) stimulated astrocyte-derived LCN2 secreted into the circulatory system, which enhanced glycolysis and induced lactate buildup in muscle through increasing pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) expression and decreasing pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Together, HMGB1/LCN2/PDK1/lactate pathway in the brain-muscle axis promoted VMS development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiao You and Jing Wu and Chaoyong Wang and Deyan Chen and Shiji Deng and Yurong Cai and Nan Zhou and Ruining Lyu and Yajie Qian and Yi Xie and Miao He and Zhiwei Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt9837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Astrocytes-derived LCN2 triggers EV-a71–induced muscle soreness via accumulating lactate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineered high endurance in WO3-based resistive switching devices via a guided filament approach. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt9789. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Resistive switching devices are promising candidates for the next generation of nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic computing applications. Despite the advantages in retention and on/off ratio, filamentary-based memristors still suffer from challenges, particularly endurance (flash being a benchmark system showing 10 4 to 10 6 cycles) and uniformity. Here, we use WO 3 as a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor–compatible switching oxide and demonstrate a proof-of-concept materials design approach to enhance endurance and device-to-device uniformity in WO 3 -based memristive devices while preserving other performance metrics. These devices show stable resistive switching behavior with >10 6 cycles, >10 5 -second retention, >10 on/off ratio, and good device-to-device uniformity, without using current compliance. All these metrics are achieved using a one-step pulsed laser deposition process to create self-assembled nanocomposite thin films that have regular guided filaments of ≈100-nanometer pitch, preformed between WO 3 grains and interspersed smaller Ce 2 O 3 grains.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziyi Yuan and Babak Bakhit and Yi-Xuan Liu and Zhuotong Sun and Giulio I. Lampronti and Xinjuan Li and Simon M. Fairclough and Benson K. Tsai and Abhijeet Choudhury and Caterina Ducati and Haiyan Wang and Markus Hellenbrand and Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9789}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt9789}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineered high endurance in WO3-based resistive switching devices via a guided filament approach}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Study of self-assembly behavior and ionic conductivity of conjugated liquid crystals with T-shaped facial-polyphilic structure. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt8303. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The unique self-assembly of liquid crystals (LCs), combined with their potential application as organic semiconductors, has become a focus of recent research. Here, a joint experimental and computational study of the self-assembly and ionic conduction was carried out on a series of T-shaped conjugated LCs consisting of three incompatible components. By extending the EOn side-chain length, several experimental evaluations confirmed a decrease of the order-disorder transition temperature, while coarse-grained simulations revealed a structural evolution from a smectic phase to a columnar phase. Ionic conductivity of these molecules was achieved by adding Li salt, leading to a maximum conductivity of 1.1 × 10 −3 siemens per centimeter observed at 120°C. All-atom simulations were performed to examine the Li-ion solvation environment and to evaluate the intrachain and interchain Li-ion hopping mechanisms. The molecule with a long EOn side chain was found to generate a densely distributed network of Li-ion solvation sites, which can facilitate effective interchain hopping to promote ion transport.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziwei Liu and Yangyang Sun and Ban Xuan Dong and Shrayesh N. Patel and Paul F. Nealey and Fernando A. Escobedo and Christopher K. Ober}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8303}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt8303}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Study of self-assembly behavior and ionic conductivity of conjugated liquid crystals with T-shaped facial-polyphilic structure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Helical coassembly enables full-color efficient circularly polarized light emission from carbon dots with high dissymmetry factors. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt8219. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Printing materials with circularly polarized light (CPL) emission holds promise for flexible stereoscopic displays and multilevel anticounterfeiting solutions. However, a key challenge lies in developing printable CPL materials that exhibit both high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and luminescence dissymmetry factor ( g lum ) values. In this study, we present the macroscopic and controllable production of efficient full-color CPL carbon dot (CDs) photonic paint materials. These printable CPL materials, consisting of heavy metal-free CDs as emitters, and liquid crystals as host matrices, are produced using a helical coassembly strategy. Our CPL systems based on CDs achieve high PLQY (more than 80%) and g lum values (more than 1.4), with a figure of merit (a key performance indicator for CPL properties calculated by multiplying PLQY and glum) of 1.12, outperforming other CPL material systems. Furthermore, the full-color CDs-CPL is successfully used for printing flexible circularly polarized luminous patterns and multilevel anticounterfeiting features. This research provides insights into advanced CPL materials, highlighting their broad potential applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinsui Li and Qinghua Tan and Jinyang Li and Wendi Qin and Chenhao Li and Qian Teng and Yuyue Yang and Yifeng Wang and Ye Cao and Yuchen Hu and Jibin Zhang and Fanglong Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8219}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt8219}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Helical coassembly enables full-color efficient circularly polarized light emission from carbon dots with high dissymmetry factors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unidirectional molecular rotary motor with remotely switchable rotation direction. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt8008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light-driven rotary motors allow direct transformation of light energy into rotary motion at the nanoscale, giving rise to countless emerging applications in molecular engineering. The key feature enabling the unidirectional rotation and controlling its direction is the motor chirality, a factor hard to modify postsynthetically. Here, we propose a motor architecture, E-motor, whose operation direction can be switched remotely with an electric field pulse, without the need for chemical intervention. Our study relies on quantum chemical calculations and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations performed for a specifically tailored system, PFCN, designed to provide illustration for the proposed motor type. We show that the PFCN chirality depends on the orientation of a covalently bound polar switching unit, which can be controlled with the electric field. At the same time, the proposed system manifests all characteristic photophysical properties of a molecular motor, and its set chirality is preserved during operation in the absence of the field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kamil Szychta and Wojciech Danowski and Joanna Jankowska}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt8008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unidirectional molecular rotary motor with remotely switchable rotation direction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Accelerating ion transport in polycrystalline conductors: On pores and grain boundaries. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt7795. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polycrystalline ion conductors are widely used as solid electrolytes in energy storage technologies. However, they often exhibit poor ion transport across grain boundaries and pores. This work demonstrates that strategically tuning the mesoscale microstructures, including pore size, pore distribution, and chemical compositions of grain boundaries, can improve ion transport. Using LiTa 2 PO 8 as a case study, we have shown that the combination of LiF as a sintering agent with Hf 4+ implantation improves grain-grain contact, resulting in smaller, evenly distributed pores, reduced chemical contrast, and minimized nonconductive impurities. A suite of techniques has been used to decouple the effects of LiF and Hf 4+ . Specifically, LiF modifies particle shape and breaks large pores into smaller ones, while Hf 4+ addresses the chemical mismatches between grains and grain boundaries. Consequently, this approach achieves nearly two orders of magnitude improvement in ion conduction. Tuning mesoscale structures offers a cost-effective method for enhancing ion transport in polycrystalline systems and has notable implications for synthesizing high-performance ionic materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erica Truong and Sawankumar V. Patel and Haoyu Liu and Yudan Chen and Valentina Lacivita and Chi Zhang and Ifeoluwa P. Oyekunle and Islamiyat Ojelade and Yongkang Jin and Brendon T. Jones and Lincoln J. Miara and Vinayak P. Dravid and Hanwei Gao and Ryounghee Kim and Yan Wang and Yan-Yan Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7795}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt7795}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Accelerating ion transport in polycrystalline conductors: On pores and grain boundaries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mid-infrared group IV nanowire laser. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt6723. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Semiconductor nanowires have shown great potential for enabling ultracompact lasers for integrated photonics platforms. Despite the impressive progress in developing nanowire lasers, their integration into Si photonics platforms remains challenging largely because of the use of III-V and II-VI semiconductors as gain media. Recently, group IV nanowires, particularly direct bandgap GeSn nanowires capable of emitting above 2 μm, have emerged as promising cost-effective gain media for Si-compatible nanowire lasers, but there has been no successful demonstration of lasing from this seemingly promising nanowire platform. Herein, we report the experimental observation of lasing above 2 μm from a single bottom-up grown GeSn nanowire. By harnessing strain engineering and optimized cavity designs simultaneously, the single GeSn nanowire achieves an amplified material gain that can sufficiently overcome minimized optical losses, resulting in single-mode lasing with an ultralow threshold of ~5.3 kilowatts per square centimeter. Our finding paves the way for all–group IV mid-infrared photonic-integrated circuits with Si-compatible lasers for on-chip classical and quantum applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Youngmin Kim and Simone Assali and Junyu Ge and Sebastian Koelling and Manlin Luo and Lu Luo and Hyo-Jun Joo and James Tan and Xuncheng Shi and Zoran Ikonic and Hong Li and Oussama Moutanabbir and Donguk Nam}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6723}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt6723}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mid-infrared group IV nanowire laser}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Should we think of observationally constrained multidecade climate projections as predictions?. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt6485. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Empirical evidence indicates that the range of model-projected future warming can be successfully narrowed by conditioning the projected warming on past observed warming. We demonstrate that warming projections conditioned on the entire instrumental annual surface temperature record are of sufficiently high quality and should be considered as long-term predictions rather than merely as projections. We support this view by considering the skill of predicted 20- and 50-year lead temperature changes under the Shared Economic Pathway (SSP)1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 emission scenarios in climates of different sensitivities. Using climate model simulations, we show that adjusting raw multimodel projections of future warming with the Kriging for Climate Change (KCC) method eliminates most biases and reduces the uncertainty of warming projections irrespective of the sensitivity of the climate being considered. Simpler methods, or using only the more recent part of the temperature record, provide less effective constraints. The high-skill future warming predictions obtained via KCC have a serious place in informing global climate policies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tong Li and Francis W. Zwiers and Xuebin Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6485}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt6485}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Should we think of observationally constrained multidecade climate projections as predictions?}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable chiral magneto-transport through band structure engineering in magnetic topological insulators Mn(Bi1−xSbx)2Te4. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt6084. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Berry curvature and spin texture are representative tuning parameters that govern spin-orbit coupling–related physics and are also the foundation for future device applications. Here, we investigate the impact of the Sb-to-Bi ratio on shaping the electronic band structure and its correlated first- and second-harmonic magneto-transport signals in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn(Bi 1− x Sb x ) 2 Te 4 . First-principles calculations reveal that the introduction of Sb not only triggers a topological phase transition but also changes the integral of the Berry curvature at the shifted Fermi level, which leads to the reversal of the anomalous Hall resistance polarity for Sb fractions x > 0.67. Moreover, it also induces the opposite spin splitting of the valence bands compared to the Sb-free host, and the resulting clockwise/counterclockwise spin chirality gives rise to a tunable unidirectional second-harmonic anomalous Hall response. Our findings pave the way for constructing chiral spin-orbitronic devices through band structure engineering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Chen and Puyang Huang and Zeyu Li and Jieyi Liu and Qi Yao and Qiang Sun and Ang Li and Xinqi Liu and Yifan Zhang and Xinyu Cai and Jiuming Liu and Liyang Liao and Guanying Yang and Zhongkai Liu and Yumeng Yang and Xiaodong Han and Jin Zou and Thorsten Hesjedal and Zhenhua Qiao and Xufeng Kou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6084}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt6084}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable chiral magneto-transport through band structure engineering in magnetic topological insulators Mn(Bi1−xSbx)2Te4}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A spectrum of tectonic processes at coronae on venus revealed by gravity and topography. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt5932. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coronae on Venus are key to understanding the planet’s geodynamics. Their formation is often linked to plume-lithosphere interactions, with some coronae showing signs of plate boundary-like processes such as subduction. However, the low resolution of Venus gravity data limits detailed analysis of these features. Using 3D geodynamic models, we predict gravity signals under various plume-induced corona formation scenarios. Comparing these predictions to observations, we show that combining topography and gravity data is more effective for understanding dynamic processes than using topography alone. Of the 75 resolved coronae, gravity indicates buoyant mantle material beneath 52. We predict a range of plume-lithosphere interactions and activity stages across these coronae. Moreover, we find that the limited resolution of the Magellan gravity field can obscure gravity signatures otherwise indicative of plume activity. The upcoming VERITAS mission will greatly improve gravity resolution, which will resolve 427 coronae, enhancing our understanding of Venus’ lithospheric structure and geodynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gael Cascioli and Anna J. P. Gülcher and Erwan Mazarico and Suzanne E. Smrekar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5932}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt5932}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A spectrum of tectonic processes at coronae on venus revealed by gravity and topography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broadband and efficient third-harmonic generation from black phosphorus–hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces in the mid-infrared. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt3772. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Black phosphorus (BP), with a mid-infrared (MIR) bandgap of 0.34 eV, presents itself as a promising material for MIR nonlinear optical applications. We report the realization of MIR third-harmonic generation (THG) in both BP and BP-hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces (BPM). BP exhibits a high third-order nonlinear susceptibility ( χ ( 3 ) ) exceeding 10 −18 m 2 /V 2 in the MIR region with a maximum value of 1.55 × 10 −17 m 2 /V 2 at 5000 nm. The BP flake achieves a THG conversion efficiency of 1.4 × 10 −5 , surpassing that of other 2D materials by over one order of magnitude. To further enhance this nonlinear performance, a BPM is designed and fabricated to achieve a two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in THG, leading to a record conversion efficiency of 6.5 × 10 −4 , exceeding the performance of previously reported metasurfaces by more than one order of magnitude. These findings establish BP as a promising platform for next-generation MIR nonlinear optical devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Song Zhu and Wenduo Chen and Tugba Temel and Fakun Wang and Xiaodong Xu and Ruihuan Duan and Tingting Wu and Xuan Mao and Congliao Yan and Jianbo Yu and Chongwu Wang and Yuhao Jin and Jieyuan Cui and Jinghao Li and Dora Juan Juan Hu and Zheng Liu and Robert T. Murray and Yu Luo and Qi Jie Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3772}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt3772}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broadband and efficient third-harmonic generation from black phosphorus–hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces in the mid-infrared}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interleukin-4 modulates type i interferon to augment antitumor immunity. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt3618. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite advances in immunotherapy, metastatic melanoma remains a considerable therapeutic challenge due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Intratumoral type I interferon (IFN-I) has long been associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, several IFN-I subtypes can also paradoxically promote tumor growth in some contexts. We investigated this further by engineering murine B16 melanoma cells to overexpress various IFN-I subtypes, where a spectrum of outcomes was observed. Characterization of these tumors by RNA sequencing revealed a tumor immune phenotype, where potent IFN-I signaling concomitant with diminished type 2 inflammation failed to confer durable tumor control. T cell–mediated rejection of these tumors was restored by introducing interleukin-4 (IL-4) into the tumor microenvironment, either through ectopic expression or in a preclinical adoptive T cell therapy model. Collectively, our findings highlight the IFN-I/IL-4 axis in promoting antitumor immunity, which could be harnessed to target and stratify solid tumors that are nonresponsive to frontline therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hannah V. Newnes and Jesse D. Armitage and Anthony C. Buzzai and Emma de Jong and Katherine M. Audsley and Samantha A. Barnes and Shamini Srinivasan and Michael Serralha and Vanessa S. Fear and Belinda B. Guo and Matt E. Jones and Alistair R. R. Forrest and Bree Foley and Phil K. Darcy and Paul A. Beavis and Anthony Bosco and Jason Waithman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3618}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt3618}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interleukin-4 modulates type i interferon to augment antitumor immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Celluloepidemiology—A paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics on a population level. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt2926. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To complement serology as a tool in public health interventions, we introduced the “celluloepidemiology” paradigm where we leveraged pathogen-specific T cell responses at a population level to advance our epidemiological understanding of infectious diseases, using SARS-CoV-2 as a model. Applying flow cytometry and machine learning on data from more than 500 individuals, we showed that the number of T cells with positive expression of functional markers not only could distinguish patients who recovered from COVID-19 from controls and pre-COVID donors but also identify previously unrecognized asymptomatic patients from mild, moderate, and severe recovered patients. The celluloepidemiology approach was uniquely capable to differentiate health care worker groups with different SARS-CoV-2 exposures from each other. T cell receptor (TCR) profiling strengthened our analysis by revealing that SARS-CoV-2–specific TCRs were more abundant in patients than in controls. We believe that adding data on T cell reactivity will complement serology and augment the value of infection morbidity modeling for populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {My K. Ha and Anna Postovskaya and Maria Kuznetsova and Pieter Meysman and Vincent Van Deuren and Sabrina Van Ierssel and Hans De Reu and Jolien Schippers and Karin Peeters and Hajar Besbassi and Leo Heyndrickx and Betty Willems and Joachim Mariën and Esther Bartholomeus and Koen Vercauteren and Philippe Beutels and Pierre Van Damme and Eva Lion and Erika Vlieghe and Kris Laukens and Samuel Coenen and Reinout Naesens and Kevin K. Ariën and Benson Ogunjimi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2926}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt2926}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Celluloepidemiology—A paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics on a population level}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multistep skyrmion phase transition driven by light-induced uniaxial strain. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt2698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Strain engineering in skyrmion-hosting multilayers holds promising potential for spintronic devices. However, conventional strain is below 0.5%, limiting exploration of unique properties under substantial strain. In addition, while uniaxial strain modifies magnetic interactions anisotropically, its influence on skyrmions is underexplored. Here, we integrate skyrmion-hosting multilayers with a flexible liquid crystal film, enabling multistep skyrmion phase transitions through light-induced uniaxial strain up to 1%. Our results demonstrate that skyrmion transitions are sensitive to strain magnitude and orientation. Strain below 0.6% parallel to stripes transforms them into skyrmions. Above 0.6%, skyrmions elongate perpendicularly to the strain direction, exhibiting a negative Poisson effect, with deformation up to 40% at 0.8% strain. Further strain reverts skyrmions back into stripes. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that these phenomena stem from strain-induced anisotropic modulation of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This approach, which combines flexibility, light activation, and substantial uniaxial strain, offers a promising strategy for low-power, multistate spintronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bei Ding and Yadong Wang and Jiahui Meng and Xuejin Wan and Qingping Wang and Xinxing Xu and Yu Zhu and Minghui Qin and Xingsen Gao and Xiaoyan Zhong and Furong Chen and Jiawen Chen and Yangfan Hu and Xuewen Fu and Zhipeng Hou and Junming Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt2698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multistep skyrmion phase transition driven by light-induced uniaxial strain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plant cell–inspired colon-targeted cargo delivery systems with dual-triggered release mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt2653. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plant cells represent smart cargo carriers with great socioeconomic potential in oral drug delivery applications. The two exterior barriers, featuring a rigid cell wall and a dense plasma membrane, are unique with complementary structural, mechanical, and chemical properties. Current strategies for producing therapeutic drugs within plant cells for oral delivery are efficient, but largely limited to recombinant pharmaceutical proteins, and involve complex genetic modification of plants. To address this, we engineer plant cell–inspired delivery systems with cellulose nanofiber–based shells and lipid layers through a bottom-up assembly strategy, which offers greater flexibility to encapsulate nonprotein compounds and nanoparticles. Notably, the layered shell structure resists degradation in acidic environments, and two barriers respond differently to external stimuli in simulated gastrointestinal medium, resulting in size-dependent dual-triggered release mechanisms. The cytocompatibility was shown by incubation with Caco-2 cells. Our results open avenues for developing next generation of bioinspired oral delivery systems for multisite-specific gastrointestinal release in a low-cost and sustainable manner.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anran Mao and Anna C. Gebhard and Nazanin Z. Ezazi and Aseem Salhotra and Anastasia V. Riazanova and Ravi Shanker and Lars Wågberg and Line Hagner Nielsen and Anna J. Svagan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2653}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt2653}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plant cell–inspired colon-targeted cargo delivery systems with dual-triggered release mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phalangeal cortical bone distribution reveals different dexterous and climbing behaviors in australopithecus sediba and homo naledi. SCIADV, 11(20), eadt1201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The evolution of the human hand is marked by a transition from a hand primarily used for locomotion to one primarily used for dexterous manipulation. The hand skeletons of Plio-Pleistocene hominins have different mosaics of human-like features associated with enhanced dexterity and ape-like features associated with locomotor hand use. However, the functional relevance of the ape-like features is debated, particularly due to a lack of complete and associated hand remains. Here, we investigate the internal phalangeal cortical structure of the nearly complete Australopithecus sediba MH2 hand and Homo naledi hand 1 to provide both insight into the manual behaviors of these fossil hominins and functional clarity regarding the mosaic features found within their hands. The phalangeal cortical structure demonstrates diversity in Plio-Pleistocene hand use, with A. sediba and H. naledi each indicating different dexterous abilities and different climbing strategies, supporting the functional importance of the ape-like features.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samar M. Syeda and Christopher J. Dunmore and Matthew M. Skinner and Lee R. Berger and Steven E. Churchill and Bernhard Zipfel and Tracy L. Kivell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadt1201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phalangeal cortical bone distribution reveals different dexterous and climbing behaviors in australopithecus sediba and homo naledi}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of edge supercurrent in topological antiferromagnet MnBi2Te4-based josephson junctions. SCIADV, 11(20), eads8730. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hybridizing superconductivity with topology and magnetism attracts growing interest in condensed matter physics. Here, we present our findings on the measurement of supercurrent induced in an intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 . By constructing a MnBi 2 Te 4 proximity Josephson junction, we observed an anomalously large period of the Fraunhofer patterns, indicating a strong Josephson coupling state. As the MnBi 2 Te 4 thickness is reduced, a distinct asymmetric edge supercurrent emerges, aligning consistently with the observed oscillatory junction magnetoresistance. Leveraging this large asymmetric edge supercurrent, we have realized a nonvolatile Josephson diode device with programmable polarity, achieved through training with an out-of-plane magnetic field. Theoretical calculations substantiate that these behaviors are attributed to the interference between the highly asymmetric topological edge channel–mediated supercurrent induced in MnBi 2 Te 4 . Our study establishes this system as a promising avenue for investigating topological superconductivity, chiral Majorana edge modes, and advanced functionality device applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Enze Zhang and Zi-Ting Sun and Zehao Jia and Jinshan Yang and Jingyi Yan and Linfeng Ai and Ying-Ming Xie and Yuda Zhang and Xue-Jian Gao and Xian Xu and Shanshan Liu and Qiang Ma and Chaowei Hu and Xufeng Kou and Jin Zou and Ni Ni and Kam Tuen Law and Shaoming Dong and Faxian Xiu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8730}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads8730}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of edge supercurrent in topological antiferromagnet MnBi2Te4-based josephson junctions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ancestral reconstruction of polyethylene terephthalate degrading cutinases reveals a rugged and unexplored sequence-fitness landscape. SCIADV, 11(20), eads8318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The use of protein engineering to generate enzymes for the degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a promising route for plastic recycling, yet traditional engineering approaches often fail to explore protein sequence space for optimal enzymes. In this work, we use multiplexed ancestral sequence reconstruction (mASR) to address this, exploring the evolutionary sequence space of PET-degrading cutinases. Using 20 statistically equivalent phylogenies of the bacterial cutinase family, we generated 48 ancestral sequences revealing a wide range of PETase activities, highlighting the value of mASR in uncovering functional variants. Our findings show PETase activity can evolve through multiple pathways involving mutations remote from the active site. Moreover, analyzing the PETase fitness landscape with local ancestral sequence embedding (LASE) revealed that LASE can capture sequence features linked to PETase activity. This work highlights mASR’s potential in exploration of sequence space and underscores the use of LASE in readily mapping the protein fitness landscapes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vanessa Vongsouthi and Rosemary Georgelin and Dana S. Matthews and Jake Saunders and Brendon M. Lee and Jennifer Ton and Adam M. Damry and Rebecca L. Frkic and Matthew A. Spence and Colin J. Jackson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads8318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ancestral reconstruction of polyethylene terephthalate degrading cutinases reveals a rugged and unexplored sequence-fitness landscape}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sheep serve as amplifying hosts of japanese encephalitis virus, increasing the risk of human infection. SCIADV, 11(20), eads7441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The transmission cycle of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), involving pigs and birds as amplifying hosts and mosquitoes as vectors, was elucidated in the 1950s. However, factors contributing to this cycle remain unclear. Here, sheep were infected with a JEV strain isolated from sheep exhibiting neurological symptoms. The results revealed that sheep are susceptible to JEV infection and develop viremia, with levels and duration comparable to those observed in pigs, a known JEV-amplifying host. Mosquitoes fed viremic sheep blood showed an infection rate of 40.6 to 57.1%. These findings indicate that sheep can serve as amplifying hosts for JEV, potentially contributing to JEV transmission and increasing the public health risk of human infections. We propose an alternative, sheep-associated rural domestic JEV transmission cycle, which may be prevalent in specific regions where sheep are bred but pigs are not. This cycle exists along with the well-known pig-associated rural domestic and bird-associated wild cycles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hailong Zhang and Dan Li and Jiayang Zheng and Jingyue Bao and Zhiliang Wang and Yafeng Qiu and Ke Liu and Zongjie Li and Beibei Li and Donghua Shao and Juxiang Liu and Zhiyong Ma and Jianchao Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads7441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sheep serve as amplifying hosts of japanese encephalitis virus, increasing the risk of human infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Skillful multiyear prediction of flood frequency along the US northeast coast using a high-resolution modeling system. SCIADV, 11(20), eads4419. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Using tide gauge (TG) observations, we identify pronounced multidecadal fluctuations in sea level along the US Northeast Coast (USNEC) superimposed on a long-term increasing trend. This multidecadal sea level variability, largely arising from fluctuations in the buoyancy-driven Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), substantially modulates the frequency of flood occurrences along the USNEC and serves as a source of multiyear predictability. Using an initialized dynamical downscaling decadal prediction system with a 1 / 12 ° ocean resolution, we demonstrate that flood frequency along the USNEC can be predicted on multiyear to decadal timescales. The long-term increasing trend in flood frequency, mainly driven by increasing greenhouse gases and associated radiative forcing changes, can be predicted a decade ahead. Furthermore, detrended flood frequency along the USNEC exhibits prediction skill for up to 3 years, as verified by TG observation. This multiyear prediction skill is achieved using prediction models that are initialized from our best estimate of observed AMOC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liping Zhang and Thomas L. Delworth and Vimal Koul and Andrew Ross and Charles Stock and Xiaosong Yang and Fanrong Zeng and Andrew Wittenberg and Jian Zhao and Qinxue Gu and Shouwei Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4419}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads4419}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Skillful multiyear prediction of flood frequency along the US northeast coast using a high-resolution modeling system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global disparities in indoor wildfire-PM2.5 exposure and mitigation costs. SCIADV, 11(20), eads4360. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wildfires have become more frequent and severe, and evidence showed that exposure to wildfire-caused PM 2.5 (fire-PM 2.5 ) is associated with adverse health effects. Fire-PM 2.5 exposure occurs mainly indoors, where people spend most of their time. As an effective and timely approach of mitigating indoor PM 2.5 pollution, air purifiers incur notable associated costs. However, the long-term global population exposure to indoor fire-PM 2.5 and the economic burden of using air purifiers remain unknown. Here, we estimated the indoor fire-PM 2.5 concentration and the cost of reducing indoor PM 2.5 exposure, along with the extra cost incurred because of fire-PM 2.5 , at a resolution of 0.5° by 0.5° globally during 2003 to 2022. Our findings revealed 1009 million individuals exposed to at least one substantial indoor wildfire-air pollution day per year. We identified pronounced socioeconomic disparities in the costs of mitigating indoor PM 2.5 exposure, with low-income countries bearing a disproportionately higher economic burden, emphasizing the critical need for addressing these disparities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dongjia Han and Yongxuan Guo and Jianghao Wang and Bin Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4360}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads4360}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global disparities in indoor wildfire-PM2.5 exposure and mitigation costs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low-cost robotic manipulation of live microtissues for cancer drug testing. SCIADV, 11(20), eads1631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The scarcity of human biopsies available for drug testing is a paramount challenge for developing therapeutics, disease models, and personalized treatments. Microtechnologies that combine the microscale manipulation of tissues and fluids offer the exciting possibility of miniaturizing both disease models and drug testing workflows on scarce human biopsies. Unfortunately, these technologies presently require microfluidic devices or robotic dispensers that are not widely accessible. We have rapidly prototyped an inexpensive platform based on an off-the-shelf robot that can microfluidically manipulate live microtissues into/out of culture plates without using complicated accessories such as microscopes or pneumatic controllers. The robot integrates complex functions with a simple, cost-effective, and compact construction, allowing placement inside a tissue culture hood for sterile workflows. We demonstrated a proof-of-concept cancer drug evaluation workflow of potential clinical utility using patient tumor biopsies with multiple drugs on 384-well plates. Our user-friendly, low-cost platform promises to make drug testing of microtissues broadly accessible to pharmaceutical, clinical, and biological laboratories.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ivan Stepanov and Noah R. Gottshall and Alireza Ahmadianyazdi and Daksh Sinha and Ethan J. Lockhart and Tran N. H. Nguyen and Sarmad Hassan and Lisa F. Horowitz and Raymond S. Yeung and Taranjit S. Gujral and Albert Folch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads1631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low-cost robotic manipulation of live microtissues for cancer drug testing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Detection of visible-wavelength aurora on mars. SCIADV, 11(20), eads1563. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mars hosts various auroral processes despite the planet’s tenuous atmosphere and lack of a global magnetic field. To date, all aurora observations have been at ultraviolet wavelengths from orbit. We describe the discovery of green visible-wavelength aurora, originating from the atomic oxygen line at 557.7 nanometers, detected with the SuperCam and Mastcam-Z instruments on the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover. Near–real-time simulations of a Mars-directed coronal mass ejection (CME) provided sufficient lead-time to schedule an observation with the rover. The emission was observed 3 days after the CME eruption, suggesting that the aurora was induced by particles accelerated by the moving shock front. To our knowledge, detection of aurora from a planetary surface other than Earth has never been reported, nor has visible aurora been observed at Mars. This detection demonstrates that auroral forecasting at Mars is possible, and that during events with higher particle precipitation, or under less dusty atmospheric conditions, aurorae will be visible to future astronauts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elise W. Knutsen and Timothy H. McConnochie and Mark Lemmon and Chris Donaldson and Raymond Francis and Carey Legett and Shayla B. Viet and Lauriane Soret and Daniel Toledo and Victor Apéstigue and Olivier Witasse and Franck Montmessin and Rebecca Jolitz and Nicolas M. Schneider and Leslie Tamppari and Agnès Cousin and Roger C. Wiens and Sylvestre Maurice and James F. BellIII and Olivier Forni and Jeremie Lasue and Paolo Pilleri and Tanguy Bertrand and Priya Patel and Susanne Schröder and Shannon Curry and Christina O. Lee and Ali Rahmati}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1563}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eads1563}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Detection of visible-wavelength aurora on mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Extreme nonlinearity by layered materials through inverse design. SCIADV, 11(20), eadr6925. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological materials such as seashell nacre exhibit extreme mechanical properties due to their multilayered microstructures. Collaborative interaction among these layers achieves performance beyond the capacity of a single layer. Inspired by these multilayer biological systems, we architect materials with free-form layered microstructures to program multistage snap-buckling and plateau responses—accomplishments challenging with single-layer materials. The developed inverse design paradigm simultaneously optimizes local microstructures within layers and their interconnections, enabling intricate layer interactions. Each layer plays a synergistic role in collectively achieving high-precision control over the desired extreme nonlinear responses. Through high-fidelity simulations, hybrid fabrication, and tailored experiments, we demonstrate complex responses fundamental to various functionalities, including energy dissipation and wearable devices. We orchestrate multisnapping phenomena from complex interactions between heterogeneous local architectures to encode and store information within architected materials, unlocking data encryption possibilities. These layered architected materials offer transformative advancements across diverse fields, including vibration control, wearables, and information encryption.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhi Zhao and Rahul Dev Kundu and Ole Sigmund and Xiaojia Shelly Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6925}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadr6925}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Extreme nonlinearity by layered materials through inverse design}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nucleosomes represent a crucial target for the intra-S phase checkpoint in response to replication stress. SCIADV, 11(20), eadr3673. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The intra-S phase checkpoint is essential for stability of stalled DNA replication forks. However, the mechanisms underlying checkpoint regulation remain poorly understood. This study identifies a critical checkpoint target—the ubiquitin E3 ligase Brl2, revealing a new dimension of checkpoint regulation. Upon replication fork stalling, Brl2 undergoes phosphorylation at five serine residues by Cds1 Chk2 kinase, resulting in the loss of its ligase activity and a marked reduction in H2BK119ub1 levels. In the brl2-5D (the five serine residues are replaced with aspartic acid) and htb-K119R mutants, chromatin becomes highly compacted. Furthermore, the rates of stalled replication fork collapse, and dsDNA breaks are significantly reduced in brl2-5D cds1 Chk2 ∆ cells compared to cds1 Chk2 ∆ cells. Thus, this study demonstrates that nucleosomes are targeted by the intra-S phase checkpoint and highlights the checkpoint’s critical role in configuring compact chromatin structures at replication fork stalling sites. These findings may explain why ATR and Chk1 are essential for cell proliferation and embryonic development, while ATM is not.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoqin Liu and Bo Zhang and Yu Hua and Chuanqi Li and Xizhou Li and Daochun Kong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3673}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadr3673}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nucleosomes represent a crucial target for the intra-S phase checkpoint in response to replication stress}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decreasing importance of carbon-climate feedbacks in the southern ocean in a warming climate. SCIADV, 11(20), eadr3589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Southern Ocean is an important CO 2 sink, mitigating climate change, but its future evolution is uncertain due to the confounding effects of stratospheric ozone recovery and climate change on ocean circulation. Using an Earth System Model, we quantify the relative influence of ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gas emissions on this sink from 1950 to 2100. Ozone effects dominated changes in ocean circulation during 1950–2000, but not this century, implying that past trends cannot serve as proxies for future changes. Despite substantial future circulation changes induced by climate change, their effect on the CO 2 sink decreases over the 21st century because of compensating factors. Thus, the Southern Ocean is unlikely to be a major future source of amplifying carbon-climate feedbacks this century.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tereza Jarníková and Corinne Le Quéré and Steven Rumbold and Colin Jones}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadr3589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decreasing importance of carbon-climate feedbacks in the southern ocean in a warming climate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Agulhas rings locally enhance dissipation of internal tides. SCIADV, 11(20), eadq5963. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Internal tides have a pivotal role in the climate system as a primary source of mechanical energy for diapycnal mixing, which sustains the global meridional overturning circulation. Variations in the location of internal tide dissipation can modify the climatic state of oceanic circulation. Mesoscale eddies and internal tides are two prominent peaks in the ocean energy spectrum, which overlap in spatial scale despite contrasting temporal scales. How eddies affect the dissipation of internal tides remains unclear. Using high-resolution simulations and Argo observations, we show that strong oceanic eddies, such as Agulhas rings, can dissipate internal tides in regions where they intersect, making these eddies hotspots for internal tide dissipation. The Agulhas rings facilitate the transfer of internal tide energy from stable low wave numbers to less stable high wave numbers and subsequently trap these high wave numbers, thereby enhancing their dissipation. Observations from Argo floats reveal elevated dissipation in regions where Agulhas rings and internal tides converge, corroborating the simulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Wang and Sonya Legg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5963}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadq5963}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Agulhas rings locally enhance dissipation of internal tides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification and characterization of the de novo methyltransferases for eukaryotic n6-methyladenine (6mA). SCIADV, 11(20), eadq4623. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N 6 -methyladenine (6mA) is an intensively investigated epigenetic modification in eukaryotes. 6mA is maintained through semiconservative transmission during DNA replication, but the identity of de novo methyltransferase (MTase) catalyzing its establishment remains unknown. Here, we identified MT-A70 family proteins AMT2 and AMT5 as the de novo MTases responsible for 6mA establishment, using the unique sexual reproduction process of the unicellular eukaryote Tetrahymena thermophila . Deletion of AMT2 and AMT5 led to a substantial decrease in 6mA levels in the progeny macronucleus, resulting in an altered gene expression pattern and a substantial decline in the survival rate of sexual progenies. Additionally, the maintenance MTase AMT1 could exhibit a much diminished de novo methylation activity in cells lacking AMT2 and AMT5. Our study delineated the establishment-maintenance pathway of 6mA and underscored the biological importance of de novo methylation, revealing a notable parallel between 6mA and the classical 5-methylcytosine in eukaryotes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ting Cheng and Jiachen Zhang and Haicheng Li and Jinghan Diao and Wenxin Zhang and Junhua Niu and Takayuki Kawaguchi and Jun-ichi Nakayama and Kensuke Kataoka and Shan Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4623}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadq4623}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification and characterization of the de novo methyltransferases for eukaryotic n6-methyladenine (6mA)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Endogenous/exogenous dual-responsive nanozyme for photothermally enhanced ferroptosis-immune reciprocal synergistic tumor therapy. SCIADV, 11(20), eadq3870. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Apoptosis resistance and immune evasion of tumor cells substantially increase the risk of cancer treatment failure. Here, a multifunctional nanozyme MET-CMS@FeTA (MCMSFT) formulated to induce nonapoptotic ferroptosis and boost immune recognition/attack, where compensatory mechanisms collectively overcome intrinsic tumor therapeutic limitations and improve medical intervention outcomes. Leveraging the multienzyme-like activity of MCMSFT to achieve oxygen generation, hydroxyl radical production, and glutathione depletion promotes hypoxia relief and triggers apoptosis/ferroptosis. Notably, MCMSFT-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) facilitates direct tumor thermal ablation and offers exogenous heat to accelerate nanocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, PTT/ferroptosis-caused immunogenic cell death favors antitumor immunity initiation. Simultaneously, metformin administration and hypoxia amelioration down-regulate programmed death ligand 1 alleviating immune evasion. Interferon-γ secretion poses positive feedback to ferroptosis, thereby establishing a ferroptosis-immune mutual amplification loop. Antitumor performances illustrate that MCMSFT eliminates primary tumors and suppresses metastasis/rechallenge tumors. Collectively, MCMSFT surmounts the predicament of apoptosis resistance and immune evasion in cancer treatment to acquire more effective and comprehensive therapy efficacy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hanxi Zhang and Jiazhen Lv and Hao Wu and Yuhan He and Mengyue Li and Chunhui Wu and Dong Lv and Yiyao Liu and Hong Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3870}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadq3870}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Endogenous/exogenous dual-responsive nanozyme for photothermally enhanced ferroptosis-immune reciprocal synergistic tumor therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phosphorylation by aurora kinase a facilitates cortical-cytoplasmic dynamics of par-3 in asymmetric division of radial glia progenitors. SCIADV, 11(20), eadq3858. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During asymmetric cell division (ACD) of radial glia progenitors (RGPs), the cortical polarity regulator Par-3 is detected in the cytoplasm colocalizing with dynein and Notch ligand DeltaD (Dld). What drives Par-3 to the cytoplasm and its impact on RGP ACD remain unknown. Here, we visualize cytoplasmic Par-3 using in vivo time-lapse imaging and find that Ser 954 of zebrafish Par-3 is phosphorylated by Aurora kinase A (AurkA) in vitro. Expression of the nonphosphorylated mutant Par-3 S954A dominant negatively affects embryonic development, reduces cytoplasmic Par-3, and disrupts the anteroposterior asymmetry of cortical Par-3 and Dld endosomes and, in turn, daughter cell fate. AurkA in mitotic RGPs shows dynamic pericentrosomal distribution that transiently colocalizes with cortical Par-3 preferentially on the posterior side. AurkA is both necessary and sufficient to increase cytoplasmic while decreasing cortical Par-3, disrupts Par-3 cortical asymmetry, and perturbs polarized Dld endosome dynamics. These findings suggest that AurkA regulates Par-3 cortical-cytoplasmic dynamics that is critical for ACD and daughter cell fate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jason Q. Garcia and Vincent Mouilleau and Henry Ng and Xiang Zhao and David O. Morgan and Su Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3858}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadq3858}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phosphorylation by aurora kinase a facilitates cortical-cytoplasmic dynamics of par-3 in asymmetric division of radial glia progenitors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single rhenium atoms on nanomagnetite: Probing the recharge process that controls the fate of rhenium in the environment. SCIADV, 11(20), eadq3650. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the redox transitions that control rhenium geochemistry is central to paleoredox and geochronology studies, as well as predicting the fate of chemically similar hazardous oxyanions in the environment such as pertechnetate. However, detailed mechanistic information regarding rhenium redox transitions in anoxic systems is scarce. Here, we performed a comprehensive laboratory study of rhenium redox transitions on variably oxidized magnetite nanoparticle surfaces. Through high-end spectroscopic and microscopic tools, we propose an abiotic transition pathway in which aqueous iron(II) ions in the presence of pure or preoxidized magnetite serve as an electron source to reduce rhenium(VII) to individual rhenium(IV) atoms or small polynuclear species on nanoparticle surfaces. Notably, iron(II) ions recharged preoxidized magnetite nanoparticles exhibit a maghemite core and a magnetite shell, challenging the traditional core-shell magnetite-maghemite model. This study provides a fundamental understanding of redox processes governing rhenium fate and transport in the environment and enables an improved basis for predicting its speciation in geochemical systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rongrong Ding and Carolina Guida and Carolyn I. Pearce and Elke Arenholz and Jean-Marc Grenèche and Alexandre Gloter and Andreas C. Scheinost and Kristina O. Kvashnina and Kaifeng Wang and Alejandro Fernandez-Martinez and Yang Mu and Kevin M. Rosso and Laurent Charlet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3650}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadq3650}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single rhenium atoms on nanomagnetite: Probing the recharge process that controls the fate of rhenium in the environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The role of dopaminergic medication and specific pathway alterations in idiopathic and PRKN/PINK1-mediated parkinson’s disease. SCIADV, 11(20), eadp7063. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Biomarkers monitoring state and progression are urgently needed, and metabolomics from easily accessible biofluids holds the potential to elucidate pathophysiological underpinnings in PD. Several studies suggested metabolomic differences between patients and controls, but findings are controversial, and independent replication is scarce. We thus applied state-of-the-art, large-scale metabolomics in patients with idiopathic and monogenic PD and controls from two independent samples, analyzed by a strict meta-analysis approach. Thereby, we (i) debunked that l -Dopa medication and not disease status causes the most substantial metabolomic differences and (ii) identified polyamine metabolism alterations, partly, but not entirely associated with l -Dopa treatment. Furthermore, we found explorative but robust evidence for alterations in endocannabinoid metabolites; detected lipid metabolism alterations, highlighting potential crosslinks with alpha-synuclein pathology; and provided evidence for a metabolomic signature for the role of oxidative damage in patients with PRKN - and PINK1 -linked PD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Balck and Max Borsche and Philip Campbell and Xi Luo and John Harvey and Theresa Brückmann and Charlotte Ludwig and Amy Harms and Katja Lohmann and Emmeline Brown and Huw R. Morris and Anthony H. Schapira and Thomas Hankemeier and Ronan Fleming and Silke Szymczak and Christine Klein}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7063}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadp7063}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The role of dopaminergic medication and specific pathway alterations in idiopathic and PRKN/PINK1-mediated parkinson’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interaction networks of SIM-binding groove mutants reveal alternate modes of SUMO binding and profound impact on SUMO conjugation. SCIADV, 11(20), eadp2643. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The best-characterized mode of noncovalent SUMO interaction involves binding of a SUMO-interaction motif (SIM) to a conserved binding groove in SUMO. Our knowledge on other types of SUMO interactions is still limited. Using SIM-binding groove SUMO2/3 mutants and mass spectrometry, we identified proteins that bind to SUMO in an alternate manner. Domain-enrichment analysis characterized a group of WD40 repeat domain–containing proteins as SIM-independent SUMO interactors, and we validated direct binding of SEC13 and SEH1L to SUMO in vitro . Using AlphaFold-3 modeling and in vitro mutational analysis, we identified residues in the WD40 domain of SEC13 and SUMO2/3’s C terminus involved in the interaction. Furthermore, SIM-binding groove mutants failed to interact with SUMO E3 ligases belonging to the PIAS family, RANBP2, ZNF451, and TOPORS, leading to loss of covalent conjugation to most of SUMO target proteins. Together, our dataset serves as a unique resource and offers valuable insights on the intricacies of the SUMO interactome and SUMO targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura A. Claessens and Matty Verlaan–de Vries and Nienke Broekman and Martijn S. Luijsterburg and Alfred C. O. Vertegaal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2643}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadp2643}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interaction networks of SIM-binding groove mutants reveal alternate modes of SUMO binding and profound impact on SUMO conjugation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optimal focused ultrasound lesion location in essential tremor. SCIADV, 11(20), eadp0532. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy is an effective treatment for medically refractory essential tremor. We investigate ablation sites and potential tracts associated with optimal tremor control and side effects based on the analysis of 351 cases from three international hospitals. Lesions were segmented on day 1 thin-cut T2 axial images, mapped to standard Montreal Neurological Institute space, and used to derive probabilistic maps and tracts associated with tremor improvement and side effects. Lesioning of a specific subregion within the ventral intermediate nucleus and the cerebellothalamic tract was associated with optimal tremor improvements. Some lesion locations and tracts were associated with differential side effects. Overlaps with the optimal tremor improvement sites accounted for variance in clinical improvements in out-of-sample cases. Efficacy of this location was further confirmed by test-retest cases that underwent two MRgFUS procedures. We identify and validate a target area for optimal tremor control and sites of avoidance associated with side effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Melissa M. J. Chua and Alfredo Morales Pinzon and Clemens Neudorfer and Patrick R. Ng and Sarah E. Blitz and Garance M. Meyer and Konstantin Butenko and Till A. Dembek and Alexandre Boutet and Andrew Z. Yang and Michael Schwartz and Jürgen Germann and Nir Lipsman and Andres Lozano and Fardad Behzadi and Nathan J. McDannold and John D. Rolston and Charles R. G. Guttmann and Michael D. Fox and G. Rees Cosgrove and Andreas Horn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0532}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadp0532}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optimal focused ultrasound lesion location in essential tremor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ppp1r3b is a metabolic switch that shifts hepatic energy storage from lipid to glycogen. SCIADV, 11(20), eado3440. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The PPP1R3B gene, encoding PPP1R3B protein, is critical for liver glycogen synthesis and maintaining blood glucose levels. Genetic variants affecting PPP1R3B expression are associated with several metabolic traits and liver disease, but the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. We studied the effects of both Ppp1r3b overexpression and deletion in mice and cell models and found that both changes in Ppp1r3b expression result in dysregulated metabolism and liver damage, with overexpression increasing liver glycogen stores, while deletion resulted in higher liver lipid accumulation. These patterns were confirmed in humans where variants increasing PPP1R3B expression had lower liver fat and decreased plasma lipids, whereas putative loss-of-function variants were associated with increased liver fat and elevated plasma lipids. These findings support that PPP1R3B is a crucial regulator of hepatic metabolism beyond glycogen synthesis and that genetic variants affecting PPP1R3B expression levels influence if hepatic energy is stored as glycogen or triglycerides.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kate Townsend Creasy and Minal B. Mehta and Carolin V. Schneider and Joseph Park and David Zhang and Swapnil V. Shewale and John S. Millar and Marijana Vujkovic and Nicholas J. Hand and Paul M. Titchenell and Joseph A. Baur and Daniel J. Rader}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado3440}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eado3440}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ppp1r3b is a metabolic switch that shifts hepatic energy storage from lipid to glycogen}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamics of bacterial operons during genome-wide stresses is influenced by premature terminations and internal promoters. SCIADV, 11(20), eadl3570. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial gene networks have operons, each coordinating several genes under a primary promoter. Half of the operons in Escherichia coli have been reported to also contain internal promoters. We studied their role during genome-wide stresses targeting key transcription regulators, RNA polymerase (RNAP) and gyrase. Our results suggest that operons’ responses are influenced by stress-related changes in premature elongation terminations and internal promoters’ activity. Globally, this causes the responses of genes in the same operon to differ with the distance between them in a wave-like pattern. Meanwhile, premature terminations are affected by positive supercoiling buildup, collisions between elongating and promoter-bound RNAPs, and local regulatory elements. We report similar findings in E. coli under other stresses and in evolutionarily distant bacteria Bacillus subtilis , Corynebacterium glutamicum , and Helicobacter pylori . Our results suggest that the strength, number, and positioning of operons’ internal promoters might have evolved to compensate for premature terminations, providing distal genes similar response strengths.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rahul Jagadeesan and Suchintak Dash and Cristina S. D. Palma and Ines S. C. Baptista and Vatsala Chauhan and Jarno Mäkelä and Andre S. Ribeiro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl3570}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {20}, pages = {eadl3570}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamics of bacterial operons during genome-wide stresses is influenced by premature terminations and internal promoters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A potential mantle origin for precursor rocks of high-mg impact glass beads in chang’e-5 soil. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv9019. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The chemical compositions of most lunar impact glass beads reflect mixing of crustal components including mare basalts, highlands rocks, and KREEP [from high concentrations of K, REE (rare earth element), and P]. However, a few glass beads in the soil from the Chang’e-5 mission have unusually high MgO contents that require distinct target compositions. The young age of these high-MgO glass beads suggests an origin through impact melting of ultramafic target rocks with abundant pyroxene and olivine. While such targets might represent cumulates of mare basalts, impact melts, or Mg-suite rocks, they appear unlike any sampled lunar lithologies. Alternatively, these high-Mg beads might be sampling the upper mantle brought to the surface by the Imbrium basin–forming event.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chen-Long Ding and Alexander Nemchin and Tim Johnson and Marc D. Norman and Yue Guan and Lan-Lan Tian and Wen-Li Xie and Lin-Sen Li and Sheng-Di Zhou and Ke-Xin Xu and Xiao-Lei Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9019}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv9019}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A potential mantle origin for precursor rocks of high-mg impact glass beads in chang’e-5 soil}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Open-flask, ambient temperature direct arylation synthesis of mixed ionic-electronic conductors. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv8168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conjugated polymers are widely studied for application areas ranging from energy technology to wearable electronics and bioelectronics. To develop a truly sustainable technology, environmentally benign synthesis is essential. Here, the open-flask synthesis of a multitude of conjugated polymers at room temperature by ambient direct arylation polymerization (ADAP) is demonstrated. The batch synthesis of over 100 grams of polymer in a green solvent and continuous droplet flow synthesis without any solid support is described. Polymers prepared by ADAP are characterized by improved structural order compared to materials prepared by other methods. Hence, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) feature beyond state-of-the-art electrical properties, i.e., an OECT hole mobility μ as high as 6 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , a volumetric capacitance C * over 200 F cm −3 , and thus a figure of merit [μ C * ] exceeding 1100 F cm −1 V −1 s −1 . Thus, ADAP paves the way for the benign and large-scale production of high-performance conjugated polymers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joost Kimpel and Youngseok Kim and Hannes Schomaker and Diego R. Hinojosa and Jesika Asatryan and Jaime Martín and Renee Kroon and Michael Sommer and Christian Müller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv8168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv8168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Open-flask, ambient temperature direct arylation synthesis of mixed ionic-electronic conductors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intrinsically weak sex chromosome drive through sequential asymmetric meiosis. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv7089. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Meiotic drivers are selfish genetic elements that bias their own transmission, violating Mendel’s Law of Equal Segregation. It has long been recognized that sex chromosome–linked drivers present a paradox: Their success in transmission can severely distort populations’ sex ratio and lead to extinction. This paradox is typically solved by the presence of suppressors or fitness costs associated with the driver, limiting the propagation of the driver. Here, we show that Stellate (Ste) in Drosophila melanogaster represents a novel class of X chromosome–linked driver that operates with an inherent mechanism that weakens its drive strength. Ste protein asymmetrically segregates into Y-bearing cells during meiosis I, subsequently causing their death. Unexpectedly, Ste segregates asymmetrically again during meiosis II, sparing half of the Y-bearing spermatids from Ste-induced defects, thereby weakening the drive strength. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which sex chromosome drivers avoid suicidal success.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuefeng Meng and Yukiko M. Yamashita}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7089}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv7089}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intrinsically weak sex chromosome drive through sequential asymmetric meiosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomineralization of semiconductor quantum dots using DNA-functionalized protein nanoreactors. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv6906. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Proteins can template the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of size-confined nanocrystals. However, protein-templated mineralization often leads to particles that exhibit low colloidal stability, poor crystal quality, and/or diminished photoluminescence. Here, we report protein cage–spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) that can be used as nanoreactors for quantum dot (QD) synthesis and subsequent intracellular delivery. The resulting QD-SNA structures are monodisperse, colloidally stable, and photoluminescent in aqueous solution. The nanoreactors were prepared using two different proteins (~10 and 12 nanometers in diameter), and CdS, CdSe, and PbSe nanocrystals were synthesized. Moreover, the extent of surface defects and crystallinity depends on the relative concentrations of ionic precursors, which control the growth rate and the number of ionic vacancies. By optimizing conditions, CdS-SNAs that exhibit near-zero reabsorption loss were synthesized. Last, QD-SNAs exhibit enhanced cellular uptake and minimal cytotoxicity when compared to commercial QD-protein conjugates, making them potentially useful in bioimaging and diagnostic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenyu Han and Allen X. Guo and Taokun Luo and Tong Cai and Chad A. Mirkin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6906}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv6906}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomineralization of semiconductor quantum dots using DNA-functionalized protein nanoreactors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sound-controlled fluidic processor. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv6314. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Precision processing of various liquids while maintaining their purity holds immense potential for many applications. However, liquids tend to leave residues that contaminate handling tools and compromise volumetric precision, necessitating contactless strategies to prevent liquid loss. Biological and chemical samples carried by fluids can be sensitive to physical stimuli, demanding mild but effective means to preserve integrity. Here, we report a sound-controlled fluidic processor for complete and well-controlled microfluidic functions, including moving, merging, mixing, and cleaving, in contactless and harmless manners. The processor generates an acoustophoretic force field that serves as a versatile toolbox for manipulating droplets with surface tension from 17.9 to 72 millinewtons per meter and volume from 1 nanoliter to 3 milliliters, offering a wealth of operations crucial to fundamental biomedical and chemical practices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hengjia Zhu and Qiyu Deng and Junzhi Li and Ling Yang and Hegeng Li and Zhipeng Zhao and Zuochen Wang and Chunlin Pang and Yiyuan Zhang and Vincent Chi-Hang Lui and Wei Li and Xiaobo Yin and Liqiu Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6314}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv6314}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sound-controlled fluidic processor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A spectroscopic theory for how mean rainfall changes with surface temperature. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv6191. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Surface warming is projected to increase global mean rainfall primarily by increasing the radiative cooling of the atmosphere. However, the radiative mechanisms which cause cooling to increase are not well understood. Here, we show that changes in cooling are driven primarily by changes in atmospheric opacity, particularly within the water vapor window. This suggests that changes in mean rainfall are primarily controlled by the thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of Earth’s main greenhouse gases: water vapor and carbon dioxide. Consistent with comprehensive general circulation models, our results explain why mean rainfall increases with surface warming at about 2% per kelvin, why this rate is largely unchanged over numerous doublings of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and why mean rainfall decreases in hothouse climates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sean Cohen and Robert Pincus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6191}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv6191}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A spectroscopic theory for how mean rainfall changes with surface temperature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural maturation of the matrix lattice is not required for HIV-1 particle infectivity. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv4356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During HIV-1 maturation, the matrix (MA) lattice underlying the viral membrane undergoes a structural rearrangement, and the newly released capsid (CA) protein forms a mature CA. While it is well established that CA formation is essential for particle infectivity, the functional role of MA structural maturation remains unclear. Here, we examine maturation of an MA triple mutant, L20K/E73K/A82T, which, despite replicating similarly to wild-type (WT) in some cell lines, exhibits distinct biochemical behaviors that suggest altered MA-MA interactions. Cryo–electron tomography with subtomogram averaging reveals that, although the MA lattice in immature L20K/E73K/A82T virions closely resembles that of the WT, mature L20K/E73K/A82T virions lack a detectable MA lattice. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations suggest that this absence results from destabilized inter-trimer MA interactions in mature L20K/E73K/A82T mutant virions. These findings suggest that an ordered, membrane-associated mature MA lattice is not essential for HIV-1 infectivity, providing insights into the structural requirements for HIV-1 particle maturation and generation of infectious particles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Long Chen and Yuta Hikichi and Juan S. Rey and Caner Akıl and Yanan Zhu and Hana Veler and Yao Shen and Juan R. Perilla and Eric O. Freed and Peijun Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv4356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural maturation of the matrix lattice is not required for HIV-1 particle infectivity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human touch? acoustical analysis of ancient music reconstructs tuning and intonation, elucidating aspects of human behavior. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv3101. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Did you ever travel to Greece and wonder what ancient Greek or Roman music sounded like? A mathematical analysis of all compositions that have survived from antiquity now allows us to reconstruct the exact tuning and intonation. According to this analysis, ancient musicians preferred pure intonation. However, they had a keen sense of its combinatorial limitations on instruments with strings of fixed length, such as lyres, and they recognized the necessity of slight deviations from pure intonation during vocal performance to allow for more tonal complexity. This spirit is paralleled in ancient atomic philosophy, which posited that atoms sometimes swerved to allow for more combinatorial complexity and unexpected effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dan C. Baciu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3101}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv3101}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human touch? acoustical analysis of ancient music reconstructs tuning and intonation, elucidating aspects of human behavior}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fully memristive spiking neural network for energy-efficient graph learning. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv2312. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parallel and energy-efficient searching of the shortest paths on a large graph is challenging. Conventional methods commonly used are sequential and computing intensive, rendering them inadequate for addressing large-scale and real-time situations. Here, we propose a highly parallel, computation- and energy-efficient approach to shortest path–based graph learning based on an emerging memristor spiking neural network via algorithm-device codesign. The shortest path is obtained parallelly in nature using simultaneous spike traveling instead of arithmetic calculation, achieving extremely low time and space complexity. A nonlinear weight mapping approach is proposed to counterbalance the neuron intrinsic nonlinearity to guarantee accuracy to support large-scale graphs. The memristor hardware capability is experimentally demonstrated in unsupervised and supervised classification tasks. The estimated energy efficiency of 517.82 giga-traversal edges per second per watt outperforms field programmable gate arrays by three to four orders of magnitude, providing a pathway toward highly energy-efficient graph computing hardware.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tuo Shi and Lili Gao and Ruixi Zhou and Yang Tian and Pei Chen and Yanting Ding and Shuangzhu Tang and Huiqin Ma and Jian Lu and Hui Zhang and Zhanfeng Wang and Bo Lyu and Xumeng Zhang and Xiaobing Yan and Qi Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2312}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv2312}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fully memristive spiking neural network for energy-efficient graph learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). C-mannosyltransferase DPY19L1L-mediated reissner fiber formation is critical for zebrafish (Danio rerio) body axis straightening. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv2032. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The successful secretion and assembly of subcommissural organ (SCO)–spondin are crucial for Reissner Fiber (RF) formation and body axis straightening in zebrafish. However, the mechanisms underlying RF formation remain largely unknown. Here, we report that the C-mannosyltransferase dpy19l1l (dumpy-19 like 1 like) is expressed in the spinal cord during zebrafish embryonic development. Mutation in dpy19l1l resulted in idiopathic scoliosis (IS)–like body axis curvature in the absence of muscle or cilia defects. URP2 expression was down-regulated in dpy19l1l −/− mutants. Notably, RF formation was impaired in dpy19l1l −/− mutants, and a similar phenotype was induced in wild-type embryos by injecting messenger RNA encoding a C-mannosylation catalytic site-mutated dpy19l1l variant (E106A mdpy19l1l ). Furthermore, E106A mDPY19L1L failed to glycosylate Flag-tagged SCO-spondin TSRs (thrombospondin type 1 repeats). Our findings suggest that DPY19L1L-mediated C-mannosylation of SCO-spondin TSRs promotes RF formation and URP2 induction, representing a critical supplementary mechanism for body axis straightening in zebrafish.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guiyou Tian and Lirong Huang and Zhaopeng Xu and Chen Lu and Wei Yuan and Yulin Wu and Zhipeng Liao and Jia Gao and Qiang Luo and Bo Cheng and Xinjun Liao and Huiqiang Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2032}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv2032}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {C-mannosyltransferase DPY19L1L-mediated reissner fiber formation is critical for zebrafish (Danio rerio) body axis straightening}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Foldable anode-free sodium batteries enabled by N,P-codoped carbon macroporous fibers incorporated with CoP nanoparticles. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv2007. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anode-free sodium batteries (AFNBs) are regarded as promising alternatives for next-generation energy storage systems because of their high energy density, high safety, cost-effectiveness, and simple manufacturing processes. However, their practical application is limited by a low coulombic efficiency (CE) and a short lifespan resulting from a large volume change and the growth of Na dendrites. Here, we propose a three-dimensional versatile host composed of interconnected N,P-codoped carbon macroporous fibers incorporated with CoP nanoparticles (denoted as CoP@N/P-CMFs) for selective nucleation and uniform deposition of Na. The porous skeleton reduces structural stress and inhibits dendrite growth by decreasing local current density and homogenizing Na + flux. Furthermore, the sodiophilic CoP and N,P-codoped carbon reduce the energy barrier for Na nucleation, further manipulating homogeneous Na growth. Consequently, the CoP@N/P-CMFs exhibit an ultrahigh CE of more than 99.97% (10 milliamperes per square centimeter and 10 milliampere-hours per square centimeter) and dendrite-free Na deposition. When coupled with a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode, the assembled foldable AFNBs demonstrate stable cycling performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongling An and Zhihao Pei and Deyan Luan and Xiong Wen (David) Lou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2007}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv2007}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Foldable anode-free sodium batteries enabled by N,P-codoped carbon macroporous fibers incorporated with CoP nanoparticles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revised age for schöningen hunting spears indicates intensification of neanderthal cooperative behavior around 200,000 years ago. SCIADV, 11(19), eadv0752. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Schöningen 13II-4 archaeological site in Germany holds title to the most complete Paleolithic wooden hunting spears ever discovered, yet its age has never been properly settled. Initial estimates placed the site at around 400,000 years; this age was later revised to roughly 300,000 years. Here, we report age estimates for the “Spear Horizon” based on amino acid geochronology of fossils obtained directly from the find-bearing deposits. Together with a reassessment of regional Middle Pleistocene chronostratigraphy, these data place the Schöningen spears at ~200,000 years. This revised age positions the Spear Horizon alongside other sites that collectively record a shift toward communal hunting strategies. The Schöningen archaeological record exemplifies this behavioral transformation that arose within the increasingly complex social environments of Middle Paleolithic Neanderthals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jarod M. Hutson and Felix Bittmann and Peter Fischer and Alejandro García-Moreno and Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser and Ellie Nelson and José E. Ortiz and Kirsty E. H. Penkman and Zoran M. Perić and Daniel Richter and Trinidad Torres and Elaine Turner and Aritza Villaluenga and Dustin White and Olaf Jöris}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0752}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadv0752}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revised age for schöningen hunting spears indicates intensification of neanderthal cooperative behavior around 200,000 years ago}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Beyond flory’s principle: Cyclization and unequal reactivity in step-growth linear polymerization. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu8884. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Step-growth polymerization (SGP) products are ubiquitous, but the theoretical understanding of SGP reactions has stagnated since the introduction of Flory’s classical theory. Flory’s model based on two key assumptions—equal reactivity of functional groups and the absence of cyclization—falls short in guiding real-world polymerization processes. In this work, we extend Flory’s model by accounting for individual reaction probabilities and cyclization tendencies, making it applicable to real SGP situations. Moreover, we have developed a top-down algorithm capable of extracting crucial information about polymer growth and cyclization from molecular weight data during the SGP process. By applying this expanded model to real SGP experiments, we reveal their kinetic mechanisms and demonstrate how concentration affects polymerization kinetics, offering valuable insights for predicting and controlling the polymer structure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yinghao Li and Hang Yin and Yi Situ and Jing Lyu and Wenxin Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8884}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu8884}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Beyond flory’s principle: Cyclization and unequal reactivity in step-growth linear polymerization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural basis for hepatitis e virus neutralization by potent human antibodies. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu8811. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibodies targeting the hepatitis E virus (HEV) surface capsid protein (CA) are essential for infection control and resolution, yet their molecular and functional attributes remain largely elusive. We characterized 144 human HEV-CA–specific monoclonal antibodies cloned from the memory B cells of HEV-exposed individuals. Most human anti-CA antibodies cross-reacted with all HEV genotype variants, and a subset also recognized the zoonotic rat hepatitis E virus. HEV antibody repertoire was diverse and contained highly potent neutralizing antibodies binding to the CA protruding (P) domain. Structural analyses of CA protein complexed with three potent and broad HEV antibodies uncovered a neutralizing site located on monomeric P domain loops at the apex of the viral spike. These findings provide valuable insights into the protective humoral response to HEV and offer a framework for the rational design of HEV vaccines and immunotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luis M. Molinos-Albert and Eduard Baquero and Cyril Planchais and Virginie Doceul and Hicham El Costa and Estelle Mottez and Vincent Mallet and Stanislas Pol and Matthew L. Albert and Nicole Pavio and Cécile Alanio and Jordan D. Dimitrov and Hugo Mouquet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8811}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu8811}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural basis for hepatitis e virus neutralization by potent human antibodies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Emergent functional dynamics of link-bots. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu8326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synthetic active collectives, made of nonliving individuals that cooperatively change group shape and dynamics, hold promise for practical applications and understanding of their natural analogs. We investigate how simple steric interaction constraints between active individuals produce a versatile and functional system using the link-bot: a V-shape–based, single-stranded chain composed of active bots whose dynamics are defined by geometric linking constraints. A variety of emergent properties arises from this active polymer-like system, including locomotion, navigation, transportation, and competitive or cooperative interactions. By adjusting a few link parameters, we show how link-bots can perform diverse tasks, including traversing or obstructing narrow spaces, passing by or enclosing objects, and propelling loads in different directions. Overall, the reconfigurability of link-bots indicates their potential in developing programmable soft robotic systems with simple components and materials at any scale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kyungmin Son and Kimberly Bowal and Kwanwoo Kim and L. Mahadevan and Ho-Young Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu8326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Emergent functional dynamics of link-bots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Suppression of HIV-1 transcription and latency reversal via ectopic expression of the viral antisense transcript AST. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu8014. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanisms that regulate HIV-1 latency are not fully elucidated. Our previous studies showed that an HIV-1 antisense transcript (AST) promotes the deposition of histone modifications at the HIV-1 5′ long terminal repeat, causing a closed chromatin state that suppresses viral transcription. Here, we report that ectopic expression of AST in CD4 + T cells from people living with HIV-1 undergoing antiretroviral therapy hinders the reactivation of viral transcription in response to ex vivo stimulation with pharmacologic and T cell receptor agonists, thus preventing the reversal of latency. We defined the structural domains and sequence motifs of AST that contribute to its latency-promoting functions. Last, we carried out an unbiased proteomic screen of AST interactors that revealed an array of host factors both previously known and not known to suppress HIV-1 expression. Our studies identify AST as a first-in-class biological molecule that is capable of enforcing HIV-1 latency and with actionable curative potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Li and Kaveh Daneshvar and Xinjie Ji and Michelle Pleet and Grace Igbinosun and Mohd Shameel Iqbal and Fatah Kashanchi and Alan C. Mullen and Fabio Romerio}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8014}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu8014}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Suppression of HIV-1 transcription and latency reversal via ectopic expression of the viral antisense transcript AST}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-resolution characterization of ex vivo AAT polymers by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu7064. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Serpins, protease inhibitors whose regulated conformational instability renders them susceptible to mutations that cause misfolding, represent a system for the study of non-amyloid protein aggregation. The E342K “Z” variant of α-1-antitrypsin (AAT) undergoes oligomeric self-assembly into polymer chains that are associated with liver and lung pathologies in AAT deficiency. Structural characterization of polymers from human tissue has been limited by their heterogeneity and flexibility; here, we have studied their internal structure, which provides insights into the molecular linkage and the pathway by which they are formed. NMR spectra of heat-induced 13 C-ILV-methyl–labeled polymers, and 1 H-methyl spectra of liver-derived polymers, show equivalence to that of AAT in a post–protease-encounter conformation. This is corroborated by x-ray crystallography, which reveals a cryptic epitope recognized by the conformationally selective 2C1 antibody, common to both forms. These data definitively preclude most models of polymerization and are compatible with sequential intermolecular donation of the carboxyl terminus of one molecule into the next during polymer formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sarah M. Lowen and Christopher A. Waudby and Alistair M. Jagger and Ibrahim Aldobiyan and Mattia Laffranchi and Annamaria Fra and John Christodoulou and James A. Irving and David A. Lomas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7064}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu7064}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-resolution characterization of ex vivo AAT polymers by solution-state NMR spectroscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Timely neurogenesis drives the transition from nematic to crystalline nuclear packing during retinal morphogenesis. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu6843. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Correct organogenesis depends on the timely coordination of developmental processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. This coordination is particularly critical in crowded tissues, such as pseudostratified epithelia (PSE) that are often found as organ precursors. They are composed of elongated epithelial cells with densely packed nuclei aligned along the apicobasal axis. While cell cycle–dependent nuclear movements in PSE are well studied, less is known about how nuclear packing influences tissue morphogenesis. To investigate this, we analyzed nuclear shapes, sizes, and neighborhood statistics in zebrafish neuroepithelia, focusing on the retinal PSE. We found that nuclei exhibit elongated shapes and biaxial nematic-like orientational order but remain positionally disordered. During retinal development, nuclear packing density increases, approaching theoretical limits. This occurs when the tissue transitions to a laminated structure and nuclear shapes are remodeled. Timely neurogenesis is critical as failure to initiate neurogenesis leads to tissue deformations. These findings highlight the influence of nuclear shape and positioning for organ morphogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucrezia C. Ferme and Allyson Q. Ryan and Robert Haase and Carl D. Modes and Caren Norden}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6843}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu6843}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Timely neurogenesis drives the transition from nematic to crystalline nuclear packing during retinal morphogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plasmon-enhanced exciton relocalization in quasi-2D perovskites for low-threshold room-temperature plasmonic lasing. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu6824. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Room-temperature nanolasers are crucial for advancing optical communication and photonic quantum technologies due to their capability to generate coherent light at a subwavelength scale. However, their development is constrained by challenges such as insufficient gain, material instability, and high lasing thresholds. By integrating quasi–two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites with high- Q plasmonic nanostructures, we demonstrate a stable, wavelength-tunable, single-mode laser operating at room temperature. This device leverages a unique exciton relocalization effect in quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites with additives, substantially enhancing optical gain and improving stability. When coupled with a waveguide-hybridized surface lattice resonance mode, the enhanced light-matter interaction facilitates single-mode lasing with a notably low threshold of 0.9 millijoules per square centimeter. In addition, the device achieves robust lasing performance with extended operational stability (1.8 × 10 6 excitation pulses). These results provide a scalable, low-cost, and energy-efficient platform for nanolasing, with potential applications in next-generation photonic technologies, including light detection and ranging, sensing, optical communication, and computation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yen-Yu Wang and Xing-Hao Lee and Chiung-Han Chen and Linchyn Yuan and Yin-Ti Lai and Tzu-Yu Peng and Jia-Wern Chen and Chu-Chen Chueh and Yu-Jung Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6824}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu6824}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plasmon-enhanced exciton relocalization in quasi-2D perovskites for low-threshold room-temperature plasmonic lasing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thin-film composite vapor-gap membrane for pressure-driven distillation. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu6787. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pressure-driven distillation (PD), as an emerging technology, holds tremendous potential for producing freshwater from nontraditional water sources. In this process, a sufficient hydraulic pressure is applied to drive water evaporation and vapor transport across a vapor-gap membrane. The development of the PD process critically depends on the availability of robust and large-area superhydrophobic membranes. Here, we propose an ultraselective superhydrophobic thin-film composite (TFC) vapor-gap membrane with confined transport channels toward the PD process, which can be manufactured scale-up through a facile swelling–assisted deposition strategy. The TFC-PD membrane demonstrates separation capabilities, achieving near-complete rejections of nonvolatile solutes, including salts, boron, and urea. Featured by a vapor-gap superhydrophobic layer, the TFC-PD membrane exhibits superior chlorine and scaling resistance and maintains stable performance over time without being oxidized or scaling. This work offers notable advancements in the microstructural design of PD membranes and the development of scalable robust TFC membranes for the PD process.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Li Zhang and Tianxiang Yang and Zhenyi Zhao and Zhi Wang and Shihong Lin and Song Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6787}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu6787}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thin-film composite vapor-gap membrane for pressure-driven distillation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ab initio deep neural network simulations reveal that carbonic acid dissociation is dominated by minority cis-trans conformers. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu6525. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ), rather than water, serves as the primary protonating buffer regulating pH in biological systems and oceans. Its dissociation dynamics, driven by three conformers—cis-cis (CC), cis-trans (CT), and trans-trans (TT)—pose substantial experimental and theoretical challenges. Using deep potential molecular dynamics simulations with ab initio accuracy, we explored the dissociation dynamics of H 2 CO 3 in solution on the nanosecond timescale. While the CC conformer is the most abundant, the CT conformer is the dominant proton donor. This enhanced deprotonation ability arises from the CT conformer’s involvement in more hydrogen-bonding ring structures, enabling diverse proton transfer pathways, and its greater electronic asymmetry, which increases hydrophilicity and destabilizes the hydroxyl group. Furthermore, protons dissociated from the CT conformer demonstrate a stronger preference for the homing pathway. Our findings underscore the critical role of the topology and electronic properties of the CT conformer in aqueous H 2 CO 3 dissociation and proton transfer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yueqi Zhao and Feifei Tian and Zhaoru Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6525}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu6525}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ab initio deep neural network simulations reveal that carbonic acid dissociation is dominated by minority cis-trans conformers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phylogenomics establishes an early miocene reconstruction of reef vertebrate diversity. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu6149. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oceans blanket more than two-thirds of Earth’s surface, yet marine biodiversity is disproportionately concentrated in coral reefs. Investigating the origins of this exceptional diversity is crucial for predicting how reefs will respond to anthropogenic disturbances. Here, we use a genome-scale dataset to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the wrasses and parrotfishes ( Labridae ), which rank among the most species-rich and ecologically diverse lineages of reef fishes. We show that major labrid clades experienced pulses of evolutionary innovation and accelerated diversification during the Miocene approximately 20 to 15 million years ago that the origin of no single phenotypic trait can explain. These results draw parallels to the evolutionary histories of many clades after mass extinctions and corroborate recent fossil evidence for an Early Miocene extinction event in oceanic vertebrates and changes in coral reef faunal composition. Our data provide genomic evidence for a major Early Miocene reassembly of reef faunas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chase D. Brownstein and Richard C. Harrington and Laura R. V. Alencar and David R. Bellwood and John H. Choat and Luiz A. Rocha and Peter C. Wainwright and Jose Tavera and Edward D. Burress and Martha M. Muñoz and Peter F. Cowman and Thomas J. Near}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6149}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu6149}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phylogenomics establishes an early miocene reconstruction of reef vertebrate diversity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu5141. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {According to the plant vigor hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend to be more susceptible to herbivores compared to older, mature plants, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal cross-talk framework that orchestrates the age-related balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate that the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by Nicotiana benthamiana phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. NbPAL6 expression is driven by the key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which is regulated by two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile plants, higher auxin levels activate Nb miR160c, a microRNA that simultaneously silences NbARF18La/b , subsequently reducing NbMYB42 expression, lowering SA accumulation, and thus weakening herbivore defense. Excessive SA in juvenile plants enhances defense but antagonizes auxin signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest a seesaw-like model that balances growth and defense depending on the plant’s developmental stage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wen-Hao Han and Feng-Bin Zhang and Shun-Xia Ji and Kai-Lu Liang and Jun-Xia Wang and Xiao-Ping Fan and Shu-Sheng Liu and Xiao-Wei Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5141}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu5141}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Valley-spin polarization at zero magnetic field induced by strong hole-hole interactions in monolayer WSe2. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu4696. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as prominent candidates to explore the complex interplay between spin and valley degrees of freedom. Their strong spin-orbit interaction and broken inversion symmetry lead to the spin-valley locking effect, in which carriers occupying the K and K ′ valleys of the reciprocal space must have opposite spins. This effect is particularly strong for holes due to a larger spin-orbit gap in the valence band. By reducing the dimensionality of a monolayer of WSe 2 to 1D via electrostatic confinement, we demonstrate that spin-valley locking and strong hole-hole interactions lead to a ferromagnetic state where hole transport is spin-valley polarized, even without an applied magnetic field. A massive Dirac fermion model in the Hartree-Fock approximation reveals that many-body hole-exchange interactions lead to this polarized ground-state. This observation opens the possibility of implementing a robust and stable valley-polarized system, essential in valleytronic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Justin Boddison-Chouinard and Marek Korkusinski and Alex Bogan and Pedro Barrios and Philip Waldron and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Jarosław Pawłowski and Daniel Miravet and Pawel Hawrylak and Adina Luican-Mayer and Louis Gaudreau}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4696}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu4696}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Valley-spin polarization at zero magnetic field induced by strong hole-hole interactions in monolayer WSe2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prenatally androgenized PCOS mice have ovary-independent uterine dysfunction and placental inflammation aggravated by high-fat diet. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu3699. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hyperandrogenic and metabolic condition in women. The syndrome is linked to subfertility and pregnancy complications, yet the independent effects of exposure to hyperandrogenism and obesity on endometrial function remain unclear. Here, PCOS-like mice were generated using prenatal androgenization (PNA) with dihydrotestosterone, followed by a prepubertal high-fat (HF) or standard diet. In ovariectomized mice, PNA impaired uterine closure during the implantation window, disrupted decidualization, and altered extracellular matrix– and inflammation-related gene expression. The effects were aggravated by the HF diet. In naturally mated, ovary-intact mice, PNA and HF diet affected decidual and placental gene expression, suggestive of placental dysfunction and inflammation, and induced fetal growth restriction. This study underlines the role of the uterus in adverse pregnancy outcomes in PCOS and identifies possible underlying mechanisms for future studies. Prepregnancy interventions targeting metabolic health and hyperandrogenism should be the next steps to optimize PCOS pregnancy outcomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lena Luyckx and Milena Myllykangas and Ulla Saarela and Nikke Virtanen and Elisa Hurskainen and Audrey Savolainen and Nadja Ollikainen and Anna-Karin Norlén and Claes Ohlsson and Matti Poutanen and Greetje Vande Velde and Riikka K. Arffman and Renata Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen and Joris Vriens and Terhi T. Piltonen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3699}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu3699}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prenatally androgenized PCOS mice have ovary-independent uterine dysfunction and placental inflammation aggravated by high-fat diet}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hedgehog-interacting protein orchestrates alveologenesis and protects against bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu2958. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most of the lung’s gas-exchange surface forms during alveologenesis and its disruption causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants, characterized by alveolar simplification and myofibroblast accumulation. BPD also increases the risk of adult emphysema, marked by alveolar loss. Despite this connection, mechanisms linking these conditions and effective treatments are still lacking. We identify hedgehog-interacting protein ( HHIP ), associated with both BPD and emphysema, as a critical regulator of alveologenesis. During this process, Hhip -expressing cells expanded, accompanied by hedgehog (Hh) signaling inhibition and myofibroblast transition. Stromal-specific Hhip deletion led to hyperactivation of Hh-IGF1 signaling axis, causing persistent SMA + myofibroblasts and epithelial stem/progenitor cell senescence. Hyperactivation of this pathway was also observed in human BPD and hyperoxia-induced BPD models. Early Hhip deficiency resulted in adult emphysema with myofibroblast accumulation. We developed a therapeutic Fc-fused HHIP protein that mitigated BPD in neonatal mice and prevented adult emphysema. These findings establish HHIP as a critical regulator of alveologenesis and a therapeutic target for BPD and emphysema.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Datian Ye and Shiyun Feng and Xinguo Yang and Yanjing Su and Jing Zhang and Haixin Feng and Minqi Zhou and Bin Zhou and Lihui Duan and Tien Peng and Chaoqun Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2958}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu2958}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hedgehog-interacting protein orchestrates alveologenesis and protects against bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A bioinspired multimotion modality underwater microrobot. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu2527. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exploring narrow underwater environments presents notable challenges due to the need for flexible movement and robust transition between different motion modalities. Inspired by the pteropod, a small aquatic organism known for its ability to change direction by adjusting the attack angle of its wings, we developed a biomimetic robotic platform called RoboPteropod. This micro–underwater robot, equipped with flexible flapping wings that mimic the propulsive mechanisms of the pteropod, reaches a float velocity of 1.88 body height per second and a forward velocity of 1.2 body length per second, while maintaining a power consumption of merely 580 milliwatts. The ability to dynamically adjust the attack angle of the wings enables smooth transition among various modes (float, move straight, yaw, and pitch) of underwater locomotion, allowing for agile, three-dimensional maneuvering in complex aquatic environments. RoboPteropod offers meaningful potential for detailed exploration of confined and otherwise inaccessible underwater spaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taishan Liu and Yide Liu and Rongbao Zeng and Bian Gan and Meng Zhang and Hua Li and Shaoxing Qu and Haofei Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2527}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu2527}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A bioinspired multimotion modality underwater microrobot}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hydrodynamically generated multilayer skin spheroids enable in vitro screening of biologically active ingredients and toxicity tests. SCIADV, 11(19), eadu1251. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human tissues often have a multilayer structure, with each layer performing a distinct physiological task. Reconstructing layered tissue structures with their respective functions is crucial for disease modeling, screening biologically active ingredients, and performing toxicology tests; however, multicellular spheroids used for these purposes generally lack a well-defined multilayer architecture. Here, to recapitulate a multilayer structure of the skin, we developed a hydrodynamically mediated approach to the generation of large arrays of fibroblast spheroids (a dermal core) that were engulfed with an epidermal layer of keratinocytes. These spheroids expressed biomarkers of the epidermis, epidermal-dermal junction, and dermis, and exhibited skin-like barrier properties. Screening of the synergistic effect of vitamins and peptides on protein synthesis by the spheroids and evaluation of skin toxicity with chemical agents showed a correlation with clinical results or existing standards. This approach offers enhanced control over spatial cell distribution in spheroids for advanced in vitro models of multilayer tissues.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhengkun Chen and Dianoosh Kalhori and Faeze Rakhshani and Oussama El Baraka and Liangliang Qu and Susanne N. Kolle and Valerie Andre and Ted Deisenroth and Eugenia Kumacheva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1251}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadu1251}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hydrodynamically generated multilayer skin spheroids enable in vitro screening of biologically active ingredients and toxicity tests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Moiré ferroelectricity modulates light emission from a semiconductor monolayer. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt7789. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Semiconductor moiré superlattices, characterized by their periodic spatial light emission, unveil a new paradigm of engineered photonic materials. Here, we show that ferroelectric moiré domains formed in a twisted hexagonal boron nitride (t-hBN) substrate can modulate light emission from an adjacent semiconductor MoSe 2 monolayer. The electrostatic potential at the surface of the t-hBN substrate provides a simple way to confine excitons in the MoSe 2 monolayer. The excitons confined within the domains and at the domain walls are spectrally separated because of a pronounced Stark shift. Moreover, the patterned light emission can be dynamically controlled by electrically gating the ferroelectric domains, introducing a functionality beyond other semiconductor moiré superlattices. Our findings chart an exciting pathway for integrating nanometer-scale moiré ferroelectric domains with various optically active functional layers, paving the way for advanced nanophotonics and metasurfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong Seob Kim and Chengxin Xiao and Roy C. Dominguez and Zhida Liu and Hamza Abudayyeh and Kyoungpyo Lee and Rigo Mayorga-Luna and Hyunsue Kim and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Chih-Kang Shih and Yoichi Miyahara and Wang Yao and Xiaoqin Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7789}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt7789}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Moiré ferroelectricity modulates light emission from a semiconductor monolayer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Continuous operation of battery-free implants enables advanced fracture recovery monitoring. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt7488. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Substantial hurdles in achieving a digitally connected body with seamless, chronic, high-fidelity organ interfaces include challenges of sourcing energy and ensuring reliable connectivity. Operation is currently limited by batteries that occupy large volumes. Wireless, battery-free operation is therefore paramount, requiring a system-level solution that enables seamless connection of wearable and implantable devices. Here, we present a technological framework that enables wireless, battery-free implant operation in freely moving subjects, with streaming of high-fidelity information from low-displacement, battery-free implants with little user interaction. This is accomplished using at-distance wirelessly recharged, wearable biosymbiotic devices for powering and communication with fully implantable NFC-enabled implants. We demonstrate this capability with osseosurface electronics that stream bone health insight. Eleven-month-long large animal studies highlight the ability of implants to relay information on bone health without negative impact on the subjects. Clinical translatability is shown through fracture healing studies that demonstrate biomarkers of bone union.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kevin Albert Kasper and Gerardo Figueroa Romero and Dania L. Perez and Avery M. Miller and David A. Gonzales and Jesus Siqueiros and David S. Margolis and Philipp Gutruf}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7488}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt7488}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Continuous operation of battery-free implants enables advanced fracture recovery monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A top-down insular cortex circuit crucial for non-nociceptive fear learning. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt6996. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how threats drive fear memory formation is crucial to understanding how organisms adapt to environments and treat threat-related disorders such as PTSD. While traditional Pavlovian conditioning studies have provided valuable insights, the exclusive reliance on electric shock as a threat stimulus has limited our understanding of diverse threats. To address this, we developed a conditioning paradigm using a looming visual stimulus as an unconditioned stimulus (US) in mice and identified a distinct neural circuit for visual threat conditioning. Parabrachial CGRP neurons were necessary for both conditioning and memory retrieval. Upstream neurons in the posterior insular cortex (pIC) responded to looming stimuli, and their projections to the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) induced aversive states and drove conditioning. However, this pIC-to-PBN pathway was not required for foot-shock conditioning. These findings reveal how non-nociceptive visual stimuli can drive aversive states and fear memory formation, expanding our understanding of aversive US processing beyond traditional models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junho Han and Boin Suh and Jin-Hee Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6996}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt6996}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A top-down insular cortex circuit crucial for non-nociceptive fear learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhibition of placental trophoblast fusion by guanylate-binding protein 5. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt5388. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Syncytin-1 and Syncytin-2 are envelope glycoproteins encoded by human endogenous retroviruses that have been exapted for the fusion of cytotrophoblast cells into syncytiotrophoblasts during placental development. Pregnancy complications like preeclampsia are associated with altered expression of interferon-stimulated genes, including guanylate-binding protein 5 (GBP5). Here, we show that misdirected antiviral activity of GBP5 impairs processing and activation of Syncytin-1. In contrast, the proteolytic activation of Syncytin-2 is not affected by GBP5, and its fusogenic activity is only modestly reduced. Mechanistic analyses revealed that Syncytin-1 is mainly cleaved by the GBP5 target furin, whereas Syncytin-2 is also efficiently processed by the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 (PCSK7) and thus resistant to GBP5-mediated restriction. Mutational analyses mapped PCSK7 processing of Syncytin-2 to a leucine residue upstream of the polybasic cleavage site. In summary, we identified an innate immune mechanism that impairs the activity of a co-opted endogenous retroviral envelope protein during pregnancy and may potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of pregnancy disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Veronika Krchlikova and Elisabeth Braun and Johanna Weiss and Krystof Stafl and Lukas Jech and Smitha Srinivasachar Badarinarayan and Rishikesh Lotke and Martin Travnicek and Charlotte Baur and Paul Stark and Isabell Haussmann and Yueshuang Lu and Moritz Petersen and Wen Cui and Wei Wang and Bianca M. Fäger and Hannah Reisinger and Kenzo Tokunaga and Oya Cingöz and Konstantin M. J. Sparrer and Madhuri S. Salker and Jiri Hejnar and Frank Kirchhoff and Katerina Trejbalova and Daniel Sauter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5388}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt5388}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhibition of placental trophoblast fusion by guanylate-binding protein 5}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DUX4 activates common and context-specific intergenic transcripts and isoforms. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt5356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DUX4 regulates the expression of genic and nongenic elements and modulates chromatin accessibility during zygotic genome activation in cleavage stage embryos. Its misexpression in skeletal muscle causes facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD). By leveraging full-length RNA isoform sequencing with short-read RNA sequencing of DUX4-inducible myoblasts, we elucidate an isoform-resolved transcriptome featuring numerous unannotated isoforms from known loci and novel intergenic loci. While DUX4 activates similar programs in early embryos and FSHD muscle, the isoform usage of known DUX4 targets is notably distinct between the two contexts. DUX4 also activates hundreds of previously unannotated intergenic loci dominated by repetitive elements. The transcriptional and epigenetic profiles of these loci in myogenic and embryonic contexts indicate that the usage of DUX4-binding sites at these intergenic loci is influenced by the cellular environment. These findings demonstrate that DUX4 induces context-specific transcriptomic programs, enriching our understanding of DUX4-induced muscle pathology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dongxu Zheng and Anita van den Heuvel and Judit Balog and Iris M. Willemsen and Susan Kloet and Stephen J. Tapscott and Ahmed Mahfouz and Silvère M. van der Maarel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt5356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DUX4 activates common and context-specific intergenic transcripts and isoforms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrasensitive piezoelectric-like film with designed cross-scale pores. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt4003. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving efficient mechanical biosignal detection remains challenging due to these signals’ weak and dispersed nature. Piezoelectrets, known for their piezoelectric properties, offer promising potential for pressure sensors and flexible energy-harvesting devices. In this study, we present a piezoelectret film of polyvinylidene fluoride- co -trifluoroethylene featuring cross-scale pores, sandwiched between two fluorinated ethylene propylene layers. The patterned pores enable the storage of substantial net charges, resulting in a dense network of oriented space charges. Under mechanical loadings, these charges undergo notably relative displacements and induce variations in local electric field, with an effective piezoelectric coefficient of up to 2.1 × 10 4 picocoulombs per newton. This sandwich-structured film allows for real-time monitoring of biosignals for minimal mechanical inputs. For example, a light finger touch generates charge pulses exceeding 100 V, whereas wrist pulses yield high-fidelity, high-voltage signals. This work advances the field of flexible, self-powered electronics by providing a high-performance piezoelectric material, setting a benchmark for sensitivity and scalability in biosignal detection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifan Li and Shuwen Zhang and Haoyu Gu and Yanyu Li and Hu Zhao and Shaoqi Huang and Xingjian Feng and Chongpu Zhai and Minglong Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4003}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt4003}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrasensitive piezoelectric-like film with designed cross-scale pores}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiplexing light-inducible recombinases to control cell fate, boolean logic, and cell patterning in mammalian cells. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt1971. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light-inducible regulatory proteins are powerful tools to interrogate fundamental mechanisms driving cellular behavior. In particular, genetically encoded photosensory domains fused to split proteins can tightly modulate protein activity and gene expression. While light-inducible split protein systems have performed well individually, few multichromatic and orthogonal gene regulation systems exist in mammalian cells. The design space for multichromatic circuits is limited by the small number of orthogonally addressable optogenetic switches and the types of effectors that can be actuated by them. We developed a library of red light-inducible recombinases and directed patterned myogenesis in a mesenchymal fibroblast-like cell line. To address the limited number of light-inducible domains (LIDs) responding to unique excitation spectra, we multiplexed light-inducible recombinases with our “Boolean logic and arithmetic through DNA excision” (BLADE) platform. Multiplexed optogenetic tools will be transformative for understanding the role of multiple interacting genes and their spatial context in endogenous signaling networks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cristina Tous and Ian S. Kinstlinger and Maya E. L. Rice and Jenny Deng and Wilson W. Wong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1971}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt1971}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiplexing light-inducible recombinases to control cell fate, boolean logic, and cell patterning in mammalian cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploiting multiscale dynamic toughening in multicomponent alloy metamaterials for extreme impact mitigation. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt0589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mechanical metamaterials can unlock extreme properties by leveraging lightweight structural design principles and unique deformation mechanisms. However, research has predominantly focused on their quasi-static characteristics, leaving their behavior under extreme dynamic conditions, especially at length scales relevant to practical applications largely unexplored. Here, we present a strategy to achieve extreme impact mitigation at the macroscale by combining shell-based microarchitecture with an additively manufactured medium-entropy alloy (MEA) featuring low stacking fault energy (SFE). Notably, the shell-based architecture amplifies the effective dynamic stress within the metamaterial compared to truss-based morphologies, leading to the earlier activation of multiscale toughening mechanisms in the alloy. The low SFE of the MEA enables the evolution of a diverse array of defect types, thereby prolonging strain hardening behavior across seven orders of magnitude in strain rate. These fundamental insights could establish the groundwork for developing scalable, lightweight, impact-resistant metamaterials for structural and defense applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James U. Surjadi and Liqiang Wang and Shuo Qu and Bastien F.G. Aymon and Junhao Ding and Xin Zhou and Rong Fan and Hui Yang and Qi Zhao and Xu Song and Yang Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt0589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploiting multiscale dynamic toughening in multicomponent alloy metamaterials for extreme impact mitigation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). EYA3 regulation of NF-κB and CCL2 suppresses cytotoxic NK cells in the premetastatic niche to promote TNBC metastasis. SCIADV, 11(19), eadt0504. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Triple-negative breast cancer cells must evade immune surveillance to metastasize to distant sites, yet this process is not well understood. The Eyes absent (EYA) family of proteins, which are crucial for embryonic development, become dysregulated in cancer, where they have been shown to mediate proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our study reveals an unusual mechanism by which EYA3 reduces the presence of cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells in the premetastatic niche (PMN) to enhance metastasis, independent of its effects on the primary tumor. We find that EYA3 up-regulates nuclear factor κB signaling to enhance CCL2 expression, which, in contrast to previous findings, suppresses cytotoxic NK cell activation in vitro and their infiltration into the PMN in vivo. These findings uncover an unexpected role for CCL2 in inhibiting NK cell responses at the PMN and suggest that targeting EYA3 could be an effective strategy to reactivate antitumor immune responses to inhibit metastasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sheera R. Rosenbaum and Connor J. Hughes and Kaiah M. Fields and Stephen Connor Purdy and Annika L. Gustafson and Arthur Wolin and Drake Hampton and Natasha M. Shrivastava and Nicholas Turner and Etienne Danis and Christopher Ebmeier and Nicole Spoelstra and Jennifer Richer and Paul Jedlicka and James C. Costello and Rui Zhao and Heide L. Ford}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0504}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadt0504}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {EYA3 regulation of NF-κB and CCL2 suppresses cytotoxic NK cells in the premetastatic niche to promote TNBC metastasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Subangstrom ion beam engineering of buried ultrathin oxides for scalable quantum computing. SCIADV, 11(19), eads9744. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multilayer nanoscale systems incorporating ultrathin tunnel barriers, magnetic materials, amorphous oxides, and promising dielectrics are essential for next-generation logics, memory, quantum, and neuro-inspired computing. Still, an ultrathin film control at the atomic scale remains challenging. Here, we introduce a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor–compatible approach using focused ion beam irradiation for buried ultrathin films’ engineering with subangstrom thickness control. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm the pivotal role of ion-induced crystal defects. Its performance is exemplified by Josephson junction resistance tuning in the range of 2 to 37% with a 0.86% standard deviation in completed chips. Furthermore, it enables ±17-megahertz frequency accuracy (±0.172 angstrom tunnel barrier thickness variation) in superconducting multiqubit processors, as well as qubit energy relaxation and echo coherence times exceeding 0.5 milliseconds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nikita S. Smirnov and Elizaveta A. Krivko and Daria A. Moskaleva and Dmitry O. Moskalev and Anastasia A. Solovieva and Aleksei R. Matanin and Vladimir V. Echeistov and Аnton I. Ivanov and Elizaveta I. Malevannaya and Viktor I. Polozov and Evgeny V. Zikiy and Nikita D. Korshakov and Maksim I. Teleganov and Dmitry A. Mikhalin and Nikolai M. Zhitkov and Ruslan V. Romashkin and Igor S. Korobenko and Aleksei V. Yanilkin and Аndrey V. Lebedev and Ilya A. Ryzhikov and Aleksander V. Andriyash and Ilya A. Rodionov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9744}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads9744}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Subangstrom ion beam engineering of buried ultrathin oxides for scalable quantum computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Titin-dependent biomechanical feedback tailors sarcomeres to specialized muscle functions in insects. SCIADV, 11(19), eads8716. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sarcomeres are the universal contractile units of muscles that enable animals to move. Insect muscles display a remarkable functional diversity: they operate at extremely different contraction frequencies (ranging from ~1 to 1000 hertz) and amplitudes during flying, walking, and crawling. This is puzzling because sarcomeres are built from essentially the same actin-myosin components. Here, we address how functionally different sarcomeres are made. We show that the giant protein titin and the regulation of developmental contractility are key for the sarcomere specializations. I-band titin spans and determines the length of the sarcomeric I-band in a muscle type–specific manner. Unexpectedly, I-band titin also rules the length of the force-generating myosin filament using a feedback mechanism that is modulated by myosin contractility. We propose a model of how sarcomere specializations in insects are tuned, provide evidence for this model, and discuss its validity beyond insects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vincent Loreau and Wouter H. Koolhaas and Eunice HoYee Chan and Paul De Boissier and Nicolas Brouilly and Sabina Avosani and Aditya Sane and Christophe Pitaval and Stefanie Reiter and Nuno Miguel Luis and Pierre Mangeol and Anne C. von Philipsborn and Jean-François Rupprecht and Dirk Görlich and Bianca H. Habermann and Frank Schnorrer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8716}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads8716}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Titin-dependent biomechanical feedback tailors sarcomeres to specialized muscle functions in insects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AIVT: Inference of turbulent thermal convection from measured 3D velocity data by physics-informed kolmogorov-arnold networks. SCIADV, 11(19), eads5236. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We propose the artificial intelligence velocimetry-thermometry (AIVT) method to reconstruct a continuous and differentiable representation of the temperature and velocity in turbulent convection from measured three-dimensional (3D) velocity data. AIVT is based on physics-informed Kolmogorov-Arnold networks and trained by optimizing a loss function that minimizes residuals of the velocity data, boundary conditions, and governing equations. We apply AIVT to a set of simultaneously measured 3D temperature and velocity data of Rayleigh-Bénard convection, obtained by combining particle image thermometry and Lagrangian particle tracking. This enables us to directly compare machine learning results to true volumetric, simultaneous temperature and velocity measurements. We demonstrate that AIVT can reconstruct and infer continuous, instantaneous velocity and temperature fields and their gradients from sparse experimental data at a high resolution, providing an additional approach for understanding thermal turbulence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Juan Diego Toscano and Theo Käufer and Zhibo Wang and Martin Maxey and Christian Cierpka and George Em Karniadakis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5236}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads5236}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AIVT: Inference of turbulent thermal convection from measured 3D velocity data by physics-informed kolmogorov-arnold networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mac-1 regulates disease stage–specific immunosuppression via the nitric oxide pathway in autoimmune disease. SCIADV, 11(19), eads3728. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrin Mac-1 plays a critical role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we developed a myeloid-specific Mac-1–deficient mouse. Using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS, we report that Mac-1 on myeloid cells is key to disease development. Our data reveal that myeloid-specific Mac-1 significantly increases EAE severity and hinders disease regression. Loss of Mac-1 increases Gr-1 + cells in peripheral tissues and the CNS and preferably accelerates the transition of Ly6C hi monocytes from a pro-inflammatory to an immunosuppressive phenotype in a disease stage–dependent manner. Mechanistically, our results demonstrate that Mac-1 suppresses interferon-γ production and prevents monocytes from acquiring immunosuppressive functions by reducing the expression of iNOS, IDO, and CD84. Administration of a NOS-specific inhibitor in Mac-1–deficient EAE mice abolishes disease regression. These insights could help develop Mac-1–targeting strategies for better treatment of MS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Wang and Chunzhang Cao and Vishnuprabu Durairaj Pandian and Haofeng Ye and Hongxia Chen and Li Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3728}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads3728}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mac-1 regulates disease stage–specific immunosuppression via the nitric oxide pathway in autoimmune disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hypermethylation of DNA impairs megakaryogenesis in delayed platelet recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. SCIADV, 11(19), eads3630. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Delayed platelet recovery (DPR) is a common and complex complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with unclear mechanisms and poor patient outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that impaired megakaryogenesis plays a critical role in the development of DPR. In this study, we report remarkable hypermethylation within CG islands of HSCs and megakaryocyte progenitor cells (MKPs) in patients with DPR. Treatment with the hypomethylating agent decitabine reduced methylated CG levels in MKPs and enhanced megakaryocyte production in mice. In addition, we found that DNMT3A negatively regulated megakaryogenesis in megakaryocyte lineages derived from primary HSCs. Transplantation with HSC-overexpressed DNMT3A impeded platelet engraftment following HSCT in mice. We further demonstrated that DNMT3A was directly bound to and methylated ETS1 and RUNX1 during megakaryogenesis. These findings highlight abnormal DNA methylation in DPR and indicate that hypomethylating agents may improve megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation by targeting DNMT3A-mediated methylation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yaqiong Tang and Xiaofei Song and Ziyan Zhang and Yifang Yao and Tingting Pan and Jiaqian Qi and Lijun Xia and Depei Wu and Yue Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3630}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads3630}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hypermethylation of DNA impairs megakaryogenesis in delayed platelet recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The global footprint of drifting fish aggregating devices. SCIADV, 11(19), eads2902. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tuna are among the world’s most valuable marine life and have long been exploited by industrial fisheries. Increasingly, tuna fishing companies have shifted from targeting free-swimming fish to using drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs): satellite-tracked rafts that move with currents while accumulating fish below. Here, we estimate the global footprint of these devices and track 30 years of progress to mitigate impacts. We estimate that 1.41 million dFAD buoys were released between 2007 and 2021, drifting across at least 134 million square kilometers, or 37% of Earth’s ocean surface. Lost dFADs have stranded in 104 maritime jurisdictions, contributing to coastal pollution and damaging sensitive habitats. Regulatory progress has been made to address data quality, entanglement, and pollution but concerns over unregulated dFAD deployments, unsustainable bycatch, and weak industry accountability persist. Our results demonstrate that the cumulative environmental footprint of dFADs reaches far beyond tuna fishing grounds and remains inadequately mitigated at the global scale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laurenne Schiller and Nidhi G. D’Costa and Boris Worm}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2902}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads2902}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The global footprint of drifting fish aggregating devices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ice nucleation by volcanic ash greatly alters cirrus cloud properties. SCIADV, 11(19), eads0572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The formation of ice crystals in the atmosphere strongly affects cloud properties and climate. While volcanic ash (VA) has been shown to nucleate ice crystals efficiently in laboratory settings, its importance for ice formation in the atmosphere remains elusive. Here, we show evidence of cirrus modification by volcanic eruptions through ice nucleation on VA, revealed by abrupt changes in cirrus properties following volcanic eruptions based on satellite measurements. The distinct changes captured are a phenomenal decrease in number, an increase in size of ice crystals in cirrus clouds, and an increase in cirrus occurrences after ash-rich volcanic eruptions. Conversely, no such changes were detected following the ash-poor eruption. We propose a cirrus formation mechanism where VA nucleates ice heterogeneously, suppressing homogeneous freezing and resulting in fewer but larger ice crystals. This suppression of homogeneous freezing by VA is supported by process-level cloud microphysical simulations. Our findings advance the understanding of aerosol–ice cloud interactions and illuminate cirrus geoengineering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lin Lin and Xiaohong Liu and Xi Zhao and Yunpeng Shan and Ziming Ke and Kai Lyu and Kenneth P. Bowman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads0572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ice nucleation by volcanic ash greatly alters cirrus cloud properties}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Network analysis with quantum dynamics clarifies why photosystem II exploits both chlorophyll a and b. SCIADV, 11(19), eads0327. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In green plants, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are the predominant pigments bound to light-harvesting proteins. While the individual characteristics of these chlorophylls are well understood, the advantages of their coexistence remain unclear. In this study, we establish a method to simulate excitation energy transfer within the entire photosystem II supercomplex by using network analysis integrated with quantum dynamic calculations. We then investigate the effects of the coexistence of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b by comparing various chlorophyll compositions. Our results reveal that the natural chlorophyll composition allows the excited energy to preferentially flow through specific domains that act as safety valves, preventing downstream overflow. Our findings suggest that the light-harvesting proteins in a photosystem II supercomplex achieve evolutionary advantages with the natural chlorophyll a/b ratio, capturing light energy efficiently and safely across various light intensities. Using our framework, one can better understand how green plants harvest light energy and adapt to changing environmental conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eunchul Kim and Daekyung Lee and Souichi Sakamoto and Ju-Yeon Jo and Mauricio Vargas and Akihito Ishizaki and Jun Minagawa and Heetae Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0327}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eads0327}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Network analysis with quantum dynamics clarifies why photosystem II exploits both chlorophyll a and b}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanometer-thick Si/Al gradient materials for spin torque generation. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr9481. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Green materials for efficient charge-to-spin conversion are desired for common spintronic applications. Recent studies have documented the efficient generation of spin torque using spin-orbit interactions (SOIs); however, SOI use relies on the employment of rare metals such as platinum. Here, we demonstrate that a nanometer-thick gradient from silicon to aluminum, which consists of readily available elements from earth resources, can produce a spin torque as large as that of platinum despite the weak SOI of these compositions. The spin torque efficiency can be improved by decreasing the thickness of the gradient, while a sharp interface was not found to increase the spin torque. Moreover, the electric conductivity of the gradient material can be up to twice as large as that of platinum, which provides a way to reduce Joule heating losses in spintronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taisuke Horaguchi and Cong He and Zhenchao Wen and Hayato Nakayama and Tadakatsu Ohkubo and Seiji Mitani and Hiroaki Sukegawa and Junji Fujimoto and Kazuto Yamanoi and Mamoru Matsuo and Yukio Nozaki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9481}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr9481}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanometer-thick Si/Al gradient materials for spin torque generation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Abscisic acid signaling regulates primary plasmodesmata density for plant cell-to-cell communication. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr8298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms. Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific nanopore structures pivotal for cell-to-cell communication and plant survival. However, how PD form and their structure, regulation, and evolution remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the exogenous supply of abscisic acid (ABA), a well-conserved phytohormone in land plants, reduces primary PD density in the moss Physcomitrium patens . This regulation requires all core components of the ABA signaling pathway. Furthermore, we reveal that ABA-INSENSITIVE 5, a well-conserved transcription factor in the ABA signaling pathway of land plants, plays a pivotal role in PD density regulation, whereas ABA-INSENSITIVE 3 does not. Our findings show that the ABA-induced reduction in primary PD density is mediated by these ABA-responsive factors in P. patens . Considering previous reports on ABA-dependent PD regulation in both moss and angiosperms, we propose that the ABA-mediated control of PD biogenesis and permeability represents a conserved mechanism in land plants, with critical implications for cell-to-cell communication and stress adaptation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chiyo Jinno and Ken Fujisaki and Izumi Yotsui and Motoki Ouchi and Prerna Singh and Satoshi Naramoto and Daisuke Takezawa and Yoichi Sakata and Tomomichi Fujita}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr8298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Abscisic acid signaling regulates primary plasmodesmata density for plant cell-to-cell communication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep compressed multichannel adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr5912. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) reveals individual retinal cells and their function, microvasculature, and micropathologies in vivo. As compared to the single-channel offset pinhole and two-channel split-detector nonconfocal AOSLO designs, by providing multidirectional imaging capabilities, a recent generation of multidetector and (multi-)offset aperture AOSLO modalities has been demonstrated to provide critical information about retinal microstructures. However, increasing detection channels requires expensive optical components and/or critically increases imaging time. To address this issue, we present an innovative combination of machine learning and optics as an integrated technology to compressively capture 12 nonconfocal channel AOSLO images simultaneously. Imaging of healthy participants and diseased subjects using the proposed deep compressed multichannel AOSLO showed enhanced visualization of rods, cones, and mural cells with over an order-of-magnitude improvement in imaging speed as compared to conventional offset aperture imaging. To facilitate the adaptation and integration with other in vivo microscopy systems, we made optical design, acquisition, and computational reconstruction codes open source.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jongwan Park and Kristen Hagan and Theodore B. DuBose and Ramiro S. Maldonado and Ryan P. McNabb and Alfredo Dubra and Joseph A. Izatt and Sina Farsiu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5912}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr5912}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep compressed multichannel adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Niemann pick c1 mistargeting disrupts lysosomal cholesterol homeostasis contributing to neurodegeneration in a batten disease model. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr5703. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurodegeneration is a devastating manifestation in most lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Loss-of-function mutations in CLN1 , encoding palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1), cause CLN1 disease, a devastating neurodegenerative LSD that has no curative treatment. Numerous proteins in the brain require dynamic S-palmitoylation (palmitoylation-depalmitoylation) for trafficking to their destination. Although PPT1 depalmitoylates S-palmitoylated proteins and its deficiency causes CLN1 disease, the underlying pathogenic mechanism has remained elusive. We report that Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1), a polytopic membrane protein mediating lysosomal cholesterol egress, requires dynamic S-palmitoylation for trafficking to the lysosome. In Cln1 −/− mice, Ppt1 deficiency misroutes NPC1-dysregulating lysosomal cholesterol homeostasis. Along with this defect, increased oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) promotes cholesterol-mediated activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin C1 (mTORC1), which inhibits autophagy contributing to neurodegeneration. Pharmacological inhibition of OSBP suppresses mTORC1 activation, rescues autophagy, and ameliorates neuropathology in Cln1 −/− mice. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of CLN1 /PPT1 in lysosomal cholesterol homeostasis and suggest that suppression of mTORC1 activation may be beneficial for CLN1 disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abhilash P. Appu and Maria B. Bagh and Nisha Plavelil and Avisek Mondal and Tamal Sadhukhan and Satya P. Singh and Neil J. Perkins and Aiyi Liu and Anil B. Mukherjee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5703}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr5703}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Niemann pick c1 mistargeting disrupts lysosomal cholesterol homeostasis contributing to neurodegeneration in a batten disease model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Widespread surface ozone reduction triggered by dust storm disturbance on ozone production and destruction chemistry. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr4297. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Natural dust storms are associated with changes to atmospheric photochemical processes, including changes in surface ozone, a critical global air pollutant. Here, we quantified the change in surface ozone during dust storms for regions in China by using a synthesis of measurements and modeling approaches. Our results showed that notable reductions of the average ozone concentration (2.0 to 12.2 parts per billion by volume) were observed during the 12 dust storm events from 2016 to 2023, relative to predust storm levels. The chemical interactions of dust particles with ozone production processes played crucial roles in explaining approximately 13 to 35% of the observed ozone reduction, alongside the impact of intense meteorological disturbances on transport and formation of ozone. Among these interactions, the uptake of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and hydroperoxyl radical by dust particles could substantially contribute to the ozone suppression. This study highlighted the importance of interactions between severe dust pollution and atmospheric photochemistry.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunjiang Zhang and Nan Li and Keqin Tang and Ming Wang and Haiwei Li and Ke Li and Bo Zheng and Qiang Zhang and Meng Gao and Jie Fang and Haoran Zhang and Shijie Cui and Junfeng Wang and Mindong Chen and Hong Liao and Xinlei Ge and Didier Hauglustaine and Yves Balkanski and Philippe Ciais and Guibin Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4297}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr4297}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Widespread surface ozone reduction triggered by dust storm disturbance on ozone production and destruction chemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting PSMD14 combined with arachidonic acid induces synthetic lethality via FADS1 m6A modification in triple-negative breast cancer. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr3173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dysregulation of deubiquitination is essential for cancer growth. However, the role of 26 S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14) in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains to be determined. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that silencing PSMD14 notably attenuated the growth, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of PSMD14 produced the opposite results. Mechanistically, PSMD14 decreased K63-linked ubiquitination on SF3B4 protein to de-ubiquitin and stabilize SF3B4 protein. Then, SF3B4/HNRNPC complex bound to FADS1 mRNA and promoted exon inclusion in the target mRNA through m 6 A site on FADS1 mRNA recognized by HNRNPC, thereby up-regulating the expression of FADS1 and activating Akt/mTOR signaling. Exogenous arachidonic acid supplementation combined with PSMD14 knockdown induced synthetic lethality, which was further confirmed in TNBC organoid (PDO) and TNBC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. Overall, our findings reveal an oncogenic role of PSMD14 in TNBC progression, which indicates a potential biomarker and ferroptosis-mediated therapeutic strategy for TNBC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanhang Yu and Jin Hu and Wenwen Wang and Hao Lei and Zihan Xi and Peiyi Zhang and Ende Zhao and Chong Lu and Hengyu Chen and Chunping Liu and Lei Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr3173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting PSMD14 combined with arachidonic acid induces synthetic lethality via FADS1 m6A modification in triple-negative breast cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A plasmon-electron addressable and CMOS compatible random access memory. SCIADV, 11(19), eadr1172. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rapid increase in data generation and storage poses substantial challenges, necessitating a transition from traditional charge-based devices to high-speed optical alternatives for computational tasks. Photon-assisted or plasmon-assisted memory devices emerge as promising solutions for facilitating faster read/write operations. By using surface plasmon polaritons for writing operations, we can dynamically read memory states through the measurement of tunneling currents in thin layers of HfO 2 ferroelectric materials sandwiched between Au thin film electrodes. Our plasmon-addressable memory platform offers versatile functionality in both nanoelectronic and nanoplasmonic systems, demonstrating a robust hybrid architecture with transformative potential for computing and data processing applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shawn R. Greig and Curtis J. Firby and Triratna Muneshwar and Serhat Alagöz and Eric Hopmann and Brett N. Carnio and Mingyuan Zhang and Grace Ciarniello and Kenneth Cadien and Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1172}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadr1172}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A plasmon-electron addressable and CMOS compatible random access memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Precise synthesis of targeted noble metal–based high-entropy alloy nanomaterials. SCIADV, 11(19), eadq8537. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Noble metal–based high-entropy alloys (NM-HEAs) are promising catalysts because of their diverse compositions and complex surface structures, although understanding their formation and achieving precise atomic control remain challenging. Our team introduces a cost-effective synthesis method combining spray drying and thermal decomposition-reduction to produce HEA three-dimensional nanoframeworks (HEA-3DNFs) from quinary to octonary compositions, including Pt-, Ir-, Ru-, and PtRu-based HEAs. Mild heating in H2 facilitates simultaneous reduction of multiple elements, forming single-phase solid solution alloys. The PtNiCoCuRuIr HEA-3DNF exhibits superior methanol oxidation reaction performance (2637 milliamperes per milligram Pt), 15 times higher than commercial Pt black. Noble metals (Pt, Ru, and Ir) lower activation energy for reducing transition metals (Ni, Co, Cu, and Fe). In situ scanning transmission electron microscopy and density function theory calculations reveal phase transformation from a Pt-based face-centered cubic to Ru-based hexagonal close-packed structure, with control over phase composition by adjusting reduction temperatures and Pt-to-Ru ratios. These findings offer insights for developing high-performance and tunable NM-HEA catalysts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Panchao Zhao and Xiaodong Hao and Hemu Pi and Yuzhao Qi and Bosheng Zhang and Chi Lei and Jiao Wang and Na Zhou and Xiangping Chen and Dongxiao Kan and Bingshe Xu and Guojun Zhang and Jialin Chen and Wei Yi and Qigao Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8537}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadq8537}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Precise synthesis of targeted noble metal–based high-entropy alloy nanomaterials}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Versatile use of chimpanzee call combinations promotes meaning expansion. SCIADV, 11(19), eadq2879. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Language is a combinatorial communication system able to generate an infinite number of meanings. Nonhuman animals use several combinatorial mechanisms to expand meanings, but maximum one mechanism is reported per species, suggesting an evolutionary leap to human language. We tested whether chimpanzees use several meaning-expanding mechanisms. We recorded 4323 utterances in 53 wild chimpanzees and compared the events in which chimpanzees emitted two-call vocal combinations (bigrams) with those eliciting the component calls. Examining 16 bigrams, we found four combinatorial mechanisms whereby bigram meanings were or were not derived from the meaning of their parts—compositional or noncompositional combinations, respectively. Chimpanzees used each mechanism in several bigrams across a wide range of daily events. This combinatorial system allows encoding many more meanings than there are call types. Such a system in nonhuman animals has never been documented and may be transitional between rudimentary systems and open-ended systems like human language.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cédric Girard-Buttoz and Christof Neumann and Tatiana Bortolato and Emiliano Zaccarella and Angela D. Friederici and Roman M. Wittig and Catherine Crockford}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2879}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadq2879}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Versatile use of chimpanzee call combinations promotes meaning expansion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Maximum size and magnitude of injection-induced slow slip events. SCIADV, 11(19), eadq0662. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluid injections can induce aseismic slip, resulting in stress changes that may propagate faster than pore pressure diffusion, potentially triggering seismicity at substantial distances from injection wells. Constraining the maximum extent of these aseismic ruptures is, thus, important for better delineating the influence zone of injections concerning their seismic hazard. Here, we derive a scaling relation based on rupture physics for the maximum size of aseismic ruptures, accounting for fluid injections with arbitrary flow rate histories. Moreover, on the basis of mounting evidence that the moment release during these operations is often predominantly aseismic, we derive a scaling relation for the maximum magnitude of aseismic slip events. Our theoretical predictions are consistent with observations over a broad spectrum of event sizes, from laboratory to real-world cases, indicating that fault zone storativity, background stress change, and injected fluid volume are key determinants of the maximum size and magnitude of injection-induced slow slip events.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexis Sáez and François Passelègue and Brice Lecampion}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0662}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadq0662}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Maximum size and magnitude of injection-induced slow slip events}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How little we’ve seen: A visual coverage estimate of the deep seafloor. SCIADV, 11(19), eadp8602. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite the importance of visual observation in the ocean, we have imaged a minuscule fraction of the deep seafloor. Sixty-six percent of the entire planet is deep ocean (≥200 m), and our data show that we have visually observed less than 0.001%, a total area approximately a tenth of the size of Belgium. Data gathered from approximately 44,000 deep-sea dives indicate that we have also seen an incredibly biased sample. Sixty-five percent of all in situ visual seafloor observations in our dataset were within 200 nm of only three countries: the United States, Japan, and New Zealand. Ninety-seven percent of all dives we compiled have been conducted by just five countries: the United States, Japan, New Zealand, France, and Germany. This small and biased sample is problematic when attempting to characterize, understand, and manage a global ocean.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katherine L. C. Bell and Kristen N. Johannes and Brian R. C. Kennedy and Susan E. Poulton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8602}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadp8602}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How little we’ve seen: A visual coverage estimate of the deep seafloor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aberrant outputs of glutamatergic neurons in deep cerebellar nuclei mediate dystonic movements. SCIADV, 11(19), eadp2377. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dystonia, characterized by repetitive twisting movements or abnormal postures, has been linked to the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN). However, the specific roles of distinct neuronal populations within the DCN in driving dystonic behaviors remain unclear. This study explores the contributions of three distinct groups of DCN neurons in an animal model of paroxysmal dystonia harboring a mutation in the proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 ( Prrt2 ) gene. We observed sustained calcium activity elevation across glutamatergic, glycinergic, and GABAergic inferior olive (IO)–projecting neurons within the DCN during episodes of dystonia in Prrt2 -mutant mice. However, only the optogenetic activation of DCN glutamatergic neurons, but not glycinergic or GABAergic IO-projecting neurons, elicited dystonia-like behaviors in normal mice. Selective ablation of DCN glutamatergic neurons effectively eliminated aberrant cerebellar DCN outputs and alleviated dystonia attacks in both Prrt2 -associated and kainic acid–induced dystonia mouse models. Collectively, our findings highlight the pivotal role of aberrant activation of DCN glutamatergic neurons in the neuropathological mechanisms underlying cerebellar-originated dystonia.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xue-Mei Wu and Bin Lu and Jun-Yan He and Yu-Xian Zhang and Zhi-Ying Wu and Zhi-Qi Xiong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2377}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadp2377}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aberrant outputs of glutamatergic neurons in deep cerebellar nuclei mediate dystonic movements}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular polymerization strategy for stable perovskite solar cells with low lead leakage. SCIADV, 11(19), eado7318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead leakage and stability are the main challenges for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we propose adding N , N ′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) to the perovskite precursor solution, which facilitates the formation of polymer BAC (PBAC) at the grain boundaries during the annealing process of films. The PBAC can effectively passivate the defects and reduce the risk of lead leakage. Consequently, the PBAC-modified PSCs achieve an efficiency of 25.53% (0.1 square centimeters) (certified efficiency of 25.24%) and 24.03% (1.0 square centimeters). Moreover, after 1500 hours of continuous maximum power point tracking under simulated AM 1.5 illumination and 2000 hours of exposure to damp heat conditions (85°C and 85% relative humidity), the device retains approximately 96 and 81% of its initial power conversion efficiency, respectively. In addition, PBAC can effectively reduce lead leakage by nearly 72% by immersing the PSCs in water for 480 minutes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qixin Zhuang and Zhiyuan Xu and Haiyun Li and Cong Zhang and Cheng Gong and Huaxin Wang and Xiong Li and Zhigang Zang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eado7318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular polymerization strategy for stable perovskite solar cells with low lead leakage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kinome screening identifies integrated stress response kinase EIF2AK1/HRI as a negative regulator of PINK1 mitophagy signaling. SCIADV, 11(19), eadn2528. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Loss-of-function mutations in the PINK1 kinase lead to early-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). PINK1 is activated by mitochondrial damage to phosphorylate ubiquitin and Parkin, triggering mitophagy. PINK1 also indirectly phosphorylates Rab GTPases, such as Rab8A. Using an siRNA library targeting human Ser/Thr kinases in HeLa cells, we identified EIF2AK1 [heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) kinase], a branch of the integrated stress response (ISR), as a negative regulator of PINK1. EIF2AK1 knockdown enhances mitochondrial depolarization–induced PINK1 stabilization and phosphorylation of ubiquitin and Rab8A. These results were confirmed in SK-OV-3, U2OS, and ARPE-19 cells. Knockdown of DELE1, an activator of EIF2AK1, produced similar effects. Notably, the ISR inhibitor ISRIB also enhanced PINK1 activation. In human cells with mito-QC mitophagy reporters, EIF2AK1 knockdown or ISRIB treatment increased PINK1-dependent mitophagy without affecting deferiprone-induced mitophagy. These findings suggest that the DELE1-EIF2AK1 ISR pathway is a negative regulator of PINK1-dependent mitophagy. Further evaluation in PD-relevant models is needed to assess the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pawan K. Singh and Shalini Agarwal and Ilaria Volpi and Léa P. Wilhelm and Giada Becchi and Andrew Keenlyside and Thomas Macartney and Rachel Toth and Adrien Rousseau and Glenn R. Masson and Ian G. Ganley and Miratul M. K. Muqit}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn2528}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadn2528}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kinome screening identifies integrated stress response kinase EIF2AK1/HRI as a negative regulator of PINK1 mitophagy signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Allometry of cell types in planarians by single-cell transcriptomics. SCIADV, 11(19), eadm7042. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Allometry explores the relationship between an organism’s body size and its various components, offering insights into ecology, physiology, metabolism, and disease. The cell is the basic unit of biological systems, and yet the study of cell-type allometry remains relatively unexplored. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides a promising tool for investigating cell-type allometry. Planarians, capable of growing and degrowing following allometric scaling rules, serve as an excellent model for these studies. We used scRNA-seq to examine cell-type allometry in asexual planarians of different sizes, revealing that they consist of the same basic cell types but in varying proportions. Notably, the gut basal cells are the most responsive to changes in size, suggesting a role in energy storage. We capture the regulated gene modules of distinct cell types in response to body size. This research sheds light on the molecular and cellular aspects of cell-type allometry in planarians and underscores the utility of scRNA-seq in these investigations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elena Emili and Alberto Pérez-Posada and Virginia Vanni and David Salamanca-Díaz and Dianalí Ródriguez-Fernández and Maria D. Christodoulou and Jordi Solana}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adm7042}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadm7042}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Allometry of cell types in planarians by single-cell transcriptomics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Piezoelectric nanofiber–based intelligent hearing system. SCIADV, 11(19), eadl2741. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hearing loss, affecting individuals of all ages, can impair education, social function, and quality of life. Current treatments, such as hearing aids and implants, aim to mitigate these effects but often fall short in addressing the critical issue of accurately pinpointing sound sources. We report an intelligent hearing system inspired by the human auditory system: asymmetric well-aligned piezoelectric nanofibers combined with neural networks to mimic natural auditory processes. Piezoelectric nanofibers with spirally varying lengths and directions transmit and convert acoustic sound into mechanoelectrical signals, mimicking the complex cochlear dynamics. These signals are then encoded by digital neural networks, enabling accurate sound direction recognition. This intelligent hearing system surpasses human directional hearing, accurately recognizing sound directions horizontally and vertically. The advancement represents a substantial stride toward next-generation artificial hearing, harmonizing transduction and perception with a nature-inspired design. It promises for applications in hearing aids, wearable devices, and implants, offering enhanced auditory experiences for those with hearing impairments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinke Chang and Thomas Maltby and Amirbahador Moineddini and Daqian Shi and Lei Wu and Jishizhan Chen and Jianshu Yu and Jeffrey Hung and Giuseppe Viola and Antonio Vilches and Wenhui Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl2741}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadl2741}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Piezoelectric nanofiber–based intelligent hearing system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Postglacial bioweathering, soil nutrient cycling, and podzolization from palaeometagenomics of plants, fungi, and bacteria. SCIADV, 11(19), eadj5527. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Warming-induced glacier retreat exposes bare rocks and glacial sediments, facilitating the establishment of soils. The dynamic interplay between climate, vegetation cover, and soil formation is poorly understood as time-series data are lacking. Here, we present postglacial soil formation during the past 23,000 years inferred from ancient DNA shotgun analyses of Lake Lama sediments targeting plants, soil-associated fungi, and bacteria showing postmortem damage signatures that verify their ancient origin. In the Late Glacial, we reveal basaltic weathering with high abundances of lichens, carbon, and arsenic cyclers, shifting to mycorrhizae domination and N cycling in the Holocene. We reconstruct podzolization starting with spruce forest migration in the Holocene, resulting in soil acidification and increased iron cycling. Our reconstruction of soil formation also contributes basic knowledge for the design of carbon-capture strategies using basalt weathering.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Barbara von Hippel and Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring and Uğur Çabuk and Sisi Liu and Martin Melles and Ulrike Herzschuh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adj5527}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {19}, pages = {eadj5527}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Postglacial bioweathering, soil nutrient cycling, and podzolization from palaeometagenomics of plants, fungi, and bacteria}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heterologous synthesis of a simplified nitrogenase analog in escherichia coli. SCIADV, 11(18), eadw6785. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The heterologous synthesis of a nitrogen-fixing system in a non-diazotrophic organism is a long-sought-after goal because of the crucial importance of nitrogenase for agronomy, energy, and the environment. Here, we report the heterologous synthesis of a two-component nitrogenase analog from Azotobacter vinelandii , which consists of the reductase component (NifH) and the cofactor maturase (NifEN), in Escherichia coli . Metal, electron paramagnetic resonance, and activity analyses verify the cluster composition and functional competence of the heterologously expressed NifH and NifEN. Nuclear magnetic resonance, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and growth experiments further illustrate the ability of the NifH/NifEN system to reduce N 2 and incorporate the reduced N into the cellular mass. These results establish NifEN/NifH as a simplified nitrogenase analog that could be optimized and engineered to facilitate transgenic expression and biotechnological adaptations of this important metalloenzyme.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiling A. Liu and Chi Chung Lee and Kamil Górecki and Martin T. Stiebritz and Calder Duffin and Joseph B. Solomon and Markus W. Ribbe and Yilin Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6785}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadw6785}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heterologous synthesis of a simplified nitrogenase analog in escherichia coli}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). UFMylation orchestrates spatiotemporal coordination of RQC at the ER. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv0435. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Degradation of arrest peptides from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translocon-bound 60 S ribosomal subunits via the ribosome-associated quality control (ER-RQC) pathway requires covalent modification of RPL26/uL24 on 60 S ribosomal subunits with UFM1. However, the underlying mechanism that coordinates the UFMylation and RQC pathways remains elusive. Structural analysis of ER-RQC intermediates revealed concomitant binding and direct interaction of the UFMylation and RQC machineries on the 60 S . In the presence of an arrested peptidyl–transfer RNA, the RQC factor NEMF and the UFM1 E3 ligase (E3 UFM1 ) form a direct interaction via the UFL1 subunit of E3 UFM1 , and UFL1 adopts a conformation distinct from that previously observed for posttermination 60 S . While this concomitant binding occurs on translocon-bound 60 S , LTN1 recruitment and arrest peptide degradation require UFMylation-dependent 60 S dissociation from the translocon. These data reveal a mechanism by which the UFMylation cycle orchestrates ER-RQC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ivan Penchev and Samantha Gumbin and Francesco Scavone and Otto Berninghausen and Thomas Becker and Ron Kopito and Roland Beckmann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0435}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv0435}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {UFMylation orchestrates spatiotemporal coordination of RQC at the ER}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Toward ultimate-efficiency frequency conversion in nonlinear optical microresonators. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu7605. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrated nonlinear photonics has emerged as a transformative platform, enabling nanoscale nonlinear optical processes with substantial implications. Achieving efficient nonlinear frequency conversion in microresonators is paramount to fully unlocking this potential, yet the absolute conversion efficiency (ACE) remains fundamentally constrained by dissipative losses and intrinsic nonlinear effects. In this work, we establish a unified framework for second harmonic generation in microresonators, identifying a decisive factor M that predicts the ACE limit under the nonlinear critical coupling (NCC) condition. Using this framework, we fabricate periodically poled lithium niobate microresonators and address the dispersive-dissipative suppression to approach the NCC condition. We achieve a record-high ACE of 61.3% with milliwatt-level pump powers toward the ultimate efficiency, with the potential for higher efficiency as the M factor increases. These results provide a versatile paradigm for high-efficiency nonlinear optical devices, offering opportunities for advancements across classical and quantum photonic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhi-Yan Wang and Xiao Wu and Xiao Xiong and Chen Yang and Zhenzhong Hao and Qi-Fan Yang and Yaowen Hu and Fang Bo and Qi-Tao Cao and Yun-Feng Xiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7605}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu7605}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Toward ultimate-efficiency frequency conversion in nonlinear optical microresonators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ protein corona–camouflaged supramolecular assemblies remodel thrombotic microenvironment for improved arterial homeostasis. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu6676. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arterial thrombosis is commonly accompanied by poor recanalization and high recurrence, typically caused by a fibrinolysis-resistant microenvironment. We identify elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 (PAI-1) and, notably, its strong correlation with inflammation in arterial thrombosis. To address this, small molecular inhibitors of PAI-1 and inflammation are used as bioregulators to restore vascular homeostasis. We design a carrier-free supramolecular system based on the bioregulators-tuned self-assembly of a near-infrared thrombus probe, which preferentially forms protein corona in situ to enhance plasma stability. Under acidic conditions and increased shear stress, the supramolecular assemblies disintegrate, enabling site-specific cargo release. In vivo, the probe accumulates 22.8-fold more in the thrombotic than contralateral artery. Functionally, this nanomedicine improves outcomes in mice with carotid artery thrombosis and chronic cerebral ischemia. Mechanistically, it down-regulates NF-κB signaling, inhibits NETosis and glycolysis, and up-regulates cGMP-mediated signaling, thereby alleviating inflammation and promoting fibrinolysis. This study offers an innovative codelivery strategy using supramolecular assemblies to advance therapies for arterial thrombosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dan Chen and Yifan Chen and Jianwen Liu and Xinyue Liu and Peiwen Liu and Jiabing Zhan and Zhiting Chen and Yong Gan and Mingdong Huang and Zhaoyang Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6676}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu6676}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ protein corona–camouflaged supramolecular assemblies remodel thrombotic microenvironment for improved arterial homeostasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultra-stable and high-performance squeezed vacuum source enabled via artificial intelligence control. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu4888. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Squeezing states are crucial for advancing quantum metrology beyond the classical limit. Despite this, generating high-performance squeezed light with long-term stability remains a challenge due to system complexity and quantum fragility. We experimentally achieved a record-breaking squeezing level of 4.3 decibels (lossless, 5.9 decibels) using polarization self-rotation (PSR) in atomic vapor, maintaining stability for hours despite environmental disturbances. Overcoming the limitations of the PSR theory model’s optimization guidance, which arises from the mutual interference of multiple parameters at this squeezing level, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) control (AIC) system that harnesses deep learning to discern and manage these complex relationships, thereby enabling self-adapted to external environments. This integrated approach represents a concrete step for the actual application of quantum metrology and information processing, illustrating the synergy between AI and fundamental science in breaking complexity constraints.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jie Zhao and Zhifei Yu and Xin Chen and Yuan Wu and Xinyun Liang and Wenfeng Huang and Keye Zhang and Chun-Hua Yuan and L. Q. Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4888}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu4888}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultra-stable and high-performance squeezed vacuum source enabled via artificial intelligence control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A tube-based biosensor for DNA and RNA detection. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu2271. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Affordable, sensitive, and simplified DNA/RNA detection is important for disease diagnosis and enables timely medical intervention measures. Usually, high sensitivity depends on expensive instruments and sophisticated procedures, making sensitivity contradict affordability and simplicity. Here, we proposed an ultra-sensitive single-tube biosensor (USTB) where users can visually detect targets by observing the liquid motion state in a glass tube. The developed instrument-free USTB performed low-cost ($0.1), fast (1 min), and ultra-sensitive detection for both the DNA/RNA fragments (≤1 aM) and the clinical positive samples, which commercial reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR kits could not effectively recognize. Furthermore, USTB is promising to be easily applied to detect other-type biomarkers by the designed smart sensing unit.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Sun and Kai Liu and Haoli Zhang and Yuecan Zhao and Jingshuai Wen and Meng Zhao and Xiang Li and Zhengping Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2271}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu2271}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A tube-based biosensor for DNA and RNA detection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heterozygous and generalist MxA super-restrictors overcome breadth-specificity trade-offs in antiviral restriction. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu0062. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antiviral restriction factors such as MxA (myxovirus resistance protein A) inhibit many viruses. Viral escape drives restriction factors to evolve rapidly at virus-binding interfaces to regain defense. Here, we explore how antiviral proteins balance restricting many viruses with evolving specificity against individual viruses. Human MxA uses its rapidly evolving loop L4 as the specificity determinant for orthomyxoviruses such as thogotovirus (THOV) and influenza (IAV). Previous combinatorial mutagenesis of rapidly evolving residues in human MxA loop L4 identified THOV “super-restrictors” and suggested an antiviral breadth-specificity trade-off. Using a modified combinatorial mutagenesis strategy, we find super-restrictor MxA variants specific to H5N1 IAV. A single L4 residue underlies the MxA breadth-specificity trade-off. However, rare “generalist” super-restrictors or a heterozygous combination of more common “specialist” super-restrictors can overcome the breadth-specificity trade-off. Our findings suggest that at least two strategies enable restriction factors such as MxA to increase their restriction of diverse viruses to overcome breadth-specificity trade-offs, which might be pervasive in host-virus conflicts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rechel A. Geiger and Damini Khera and Jeannette L. Tenthorey and Georg Kochs and Laura Graf and Michael Emerman and Harmit S. Malik}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0062}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu0062}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heterozygous and generalist MxA super-restrictors overcome breadth-specificity trade-offs in antiviral restriction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robust differentiation of NK cells from MSLN.CAR-IL-15–engineered human iPSCs with enhanced antitumor efficacy against solid tumors. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt9932. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a promising source for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–engineered natural killer (NK) products. However, complex iPSC-NK (iNK) manufacturing challenges clinical use. Here, we identified LiPSC-GR1.1 as a superior iPSC line for iNK production. By engineering LiPSC-GR1.1 with a mesothelin (MSLN)–targeting CAR and interleukin-15 (IL-15), we achieved robust differentiation of iPSCs into mature activated iNK cells with enhanced tumor killing efficacy, superior tumor homing, and vigorous proliferation. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β)–producing tumor cells up-regulated major histocompatibility complex molecules and down-regulated MSLN post–CAR-IL-15 iNK treatment. Tumor-infiltrating CAR-IL-15 iNK cells exhibited high levels of CAR, IL-15, and NK-activating receptors, negligible checkpoint exhaustion markers, and extremely low levels of NK suppressive factors CISH , TGFBR2 , and BATF , enabling them to sustain activation, metabolic fitness, and effective tumor killing within TGF-β–rich hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Overall, we developed MSLN.CAR-IL-15–engineered GR1.1-iNK therapy with enhanced antitumor efficacy for solid tumor treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qun Jiang and Weiming Yu and James Ma and Mingming Zhao and Jizhong Zou and Sameer Mir and Jingli Zhang and Ronald N. Germain and Raffit Hassan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9932}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt9932}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robust differentiation of NK cells from MSLN.CAR-IL-15–engineered human iPSCs with enhanced antitumor efficacy against solid tumors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein condensates bind DNA to enable nuclear entry during mitosis. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt9318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Long interspersed nuclear element–1 (LINE-1) is an autonomous retrotransposon that makes up a substantial portion of the human genome, contributing to genetic diversity and genome evolution. LINE-1 encodes two proteins, ORF1p and ORF2p, both essential for successful retrotransposition. ORF2p has endonuclease and reverse transcription activity, while ORF1p binds RNA. Many copies of ORF1p assemble onto the LINE-1 RNA to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensate. However, the function of these condensates in the LINE-1 life cycle remains unclear. Using reconstitution assays on DNA curtains, we show that L1 RNP condensates gain DNA binding activity only when RNA is super-saturated with ORF1p. In cells, L1 RNP condensates bind to chromosomes during mitosis. Mutational analysis reveals that DNA binding is crucial for nuclear entry and LINE-1 retrotransposition activity. Thus, a key function of ORF1p is to form an RNP condensate that gains access to the genome through DNA binding upon nuclear envelope breakdown.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sarah Zernia and Farida Ettefa and Srinjoy Sil and Cas Koeman and Joëlle Deplazes-Lauber and Marvin Freitag and Liam J. Holt and Johannes Stigler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt9318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein condensates bind DNA to enable nuclear entry during mitosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cellular determinants influence the red blood cell adsorption efficiency of poly(amine-co-ester) nanoparticles. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt8637. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many poly(amine- co -ester) (PACE) nanoparticles, drug delivery vehicles for nucleic acid and small molecule cargoes, accumulate in the liver and spleen following intravenous administration, limiting delivery to nonhepatosplenic tissues. Red blood cell (RBC) hitchhiking, a strategy in which nanoparticles are nonspecifically adsorbed to RBCs prior to administration, has been used to modulate nanoparticle biodistribution, enabling enrichment in organs immediately downstream from the site of vascular infusion. We find that scarcely investigated cellular determinants—namely, storage duration, membrane stiffness, and membrane-bound sialic acid quantity—substantially affect PACE nanoparticle adsorption efficiency. Following development of an optimized adsorption protocol, RBC hitchhiking was shown to enhance PACE nanoparticle cargo delivery to pulmonary tissue while also increasing exposure to other assayed organs. These findings inform future RBC hitchhiking study design, implicate cellular variables as potential obstacles or boons to clinical translation, and demonstrate the delivery of nucleic acids using this strategy with the PACE nanoparticle platform.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas C. Binns and David A. Eaton and Dana V. Akiki and Emily Deschenes and Alexandra S. Piotrowski-Daspit and Laura G. Bracaglia and Jeanne E. Hendrickson and W. Mark Saltzman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8637}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt8637}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cellular determinants influence the red blood cell adsorption efficiency of poly(amine-co-ester) nanoparticles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Episodic body size variations of early paleozoic trilobites associated with marine redox changes. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt7572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Body size greatly affects how organisms interact with their environments. However, the macroevolutionary patterns of body size across many major metazoan clades and their constraining mechanisms remain elusive. A new high-resolution body size dataset covering 2435 species from 1091 genera of Cambrian and Ordovician trilobites reveals that body size evolution changes episodically, with three marked reductions in size. Such a pattern rules out a persistent Cope’s rule dynamic. Rather, we find a strong temporal link between body size changes and major fluctuations in marine redox, supporting the hypothesis that marine oxygen levels exerted a primary control on the tempo and mode of trilobite body size evolution. These further imply a dominant role for marine oxygen in early animal evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhixin Sun and Fangchen Zhao and Han Zeng and Douglas H. Erwin and Maoyan Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt7572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Episodic body size variations of early paleozoic trilobites associated with marine redox changes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In-sensor multilevel image adjustment for high-clarity contour extraction using adjustable synaptic phototransistors. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt6527. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Robotic vision has traditionally relied on high-performance yet resource-intensive computing solutions, which necessitate high-throughput data transmission from vision sensors to remote computing servers, sacrificing energy efficiency and processing speed. A promising solution is data compaction through contour extraction, visualizing only the outlines of objects while eliminating superfluous backgrounds. Here, we introduce an in-sensor multilevel image adjustment method using adjustable synaptic phototransistors, enabling the capture of well-defined images with optimal brightness and contrast suitable for achieving high-clarity contour extraction. This is enabled by emulating dopamine-mediated neuronal excitability regulation mechanisms. Electrostatic gating effect either facilitates or inhibits time-dependent photocurrent accumulation, adjusting photo-responses to varying lighting conditions. Through excitatory and inhibitory modes, the adjustable synaptic phototransistor enhances visibility of dim and bright regions, respectively, facilitating distinct contour extraction and high-accuracy semantic segmentation. Evaluations using road images demonstrate improvement of both object detection accuracy and intersection over union, and compression of data volume.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jong Ik Kwon and Ji Su Kim and Hyojin Seung and Jihoon Kim and Hanguk Cho and Tae-Min Choi and Jungwon Park and Juyoun Park and Jung Ah Lim and Moon Kee Choi and Dae-Hyeong Kim and Changsoon Choi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6527}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt6527}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In-sensor multilevel image adjustment for high-clarity contour extraction using adjustable synaptic phototransistors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Characterizing the expression profile of 3R tau pathology in pick’s disease. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt6105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pick’s disease (PiD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder defined by dementia, frontotemporal lobe atrophy, and 3-repeat tau inclusions. To elucidate PiD pathobiology, we performed the first bulk transcriptomics study on PiD using short- and long-read sequencing on the parietal cortex of 28 PiD and 15 control samples. We identified several significantly differentially expressed genes, with CCL2 displaying the strongest association with 3-repeat tau pathology and increased burden in PiD compared to those in 4-repeat tau progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) cases. Investigation of co-expressed genes and pathways suggested the involvement of mRNA processing, mitochondrial function, and immune processes in disease pathobiology. Long-read RNA sequencing on a subset of samples (eight PiD and four control) proposed novel, potentially disease-associated transcripts for AZGP1 , CD44 , HSD11B2 , and WIF1 , predicted to result in truncated proteins. In conclusion, we observed transcriptomic changes in the parietal cortex of patients with PiD that may inform into clinically relevant biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicole Tamvaka and Alexandra I. Soto-Beasley and Marios Gavrielatos and Michael G. Heckman and Yingxue Ren and Evan Udine and Zachary S. Quicksall and Delaney Liskey and Monica Castanedes-Casey and Zbigniew K. Wszolek and Bradley F. Boeve and Keith A. Josephs and Neill Graff-Radford and Marka van Blitterswijk and Melissa E. Murray and Shanu F. Roemer and Dennis W. Dickson and Owen A. Ross}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt6105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Characterizing the expression profile of 3R tau pathology in pick’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A rationally designed injury kidney targeting peptide library and its application in rescuing acute kidney injury. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt3943. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high incidence and mortality rates. Present treatments are mostly symptomatic and cause side effects due to systemic distribution; thus, targeted kidney drug delivery is desired. Transmembrane kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM1) is expressed at low levels in normal kidneys but markedly up-regulated following injury, making it an ideal marker/target for injured kidneys. Here, assisted by AlphaFold, we constructed a library of 1885 peptides that target the extracellular Ig V domain of KIM1 based on interacting fragments from 47 potential KIM1 binding proteins followed by systemic optimization according to their binding energies with KIM1. Experimental validation of top candidates (TKP 1-5) demonstrated that TKP 4 efficiently targeted injured renal cells/kidneys, with its specificity demonstrated in KIM1 knockout cells/mice. TKP 4–decorating liposomes were loaded with nystatin, a renal-protective compound with systemic side effects, and efficiently targeted injured mouse kidneys and alleviated AKI. This work establishes a virtual platform to screen/identify drug delivery candidates with broad research/therapeutic potentials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yushuo Xiao and Zhijian Tong and Huidie Xu and Zhouyan Jia and Chen Wang and Yang Cao and Liangliang Song and Siyu Hao and Jing Yang and Yihao Zhou and Yunhao Xie and Peng Wu and Tong He and Yancai Wu and Robert B. Petersen and Anlin Peng and Chun Zhang and Hong Chen and Ling Zheng and Kun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3943}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt3943}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A rationally designed injury kidney targeting peptide library and its application in rescuing acute kidney injury}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nodular networks in hydrated polyamide desalination membranes enhance water transport. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt3324. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {For nearly half a century, thin-film composite reverse osmosis membranes have served as key separation materials for desalination. However, the precise structure of their polyamide selective layer under hydrated conditions and its relationship to membrane transport remain poorly understood. Using cryo–electron tomography, we successfully reconstructed the three-dimensional structure of six commercial polyamide membranes under hydrated conditions, revealing a fully swollen nodular network. The highly heterogeneous nodules, measuring 17.2 ± 2.8 nanometer in thickness, were directly connected to the pores of the underlying polysulfone substrate. The nodules occupied most of the surface area compared to the 75.9 ± 26.8-nanometer-thick dense layer of the polyamide film. Key structural parameters of the nodules, including surface area index and wall thickness, were correlated with the water permeance of an additional 16 polyamide membranes, validating the major role of these nodules in water transport. This study enhances our understanding of the heterogeneous structure of desalination membranes and its role in membrane transport.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danyang Li and Wenkai Liu and Xiaomao Wang and Weichen Lin and Juan Zhai and Hanqing Fan and Kang Xiao and Kunpeng Wang and Yanjie Li and Yan Jin and Jun Fang and Yuexiao Shen and Menachem Elimelech and Xia Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3324}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt3324}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nodular networks in hydrated polyamide desalination membranes enhance water transport}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The recurrence of geophysical manifestations at the campi flegrei caldera. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt2067. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), Italy, exhibits distinct unrest patterns, including shallow seismicity following substantial strain accumulation, all within a densely populated area. Previous geophysical studies typically analyzed individual episodes, but by comparing two distinct unrest periods we identified recurring manifestations and V P / V S anomalies linked to a confined reservoir at 2- to 4-kilometer depth. Integrating rock physics experiments under hydrothermal conditions, 24 years of rainfall data, and subsurface hydrodynamics, we found increasing rainfall rates, which indicate reservoir recharge and pressurization. We show that hydrothermal water promotes caprock sealing through the formation of a fibrous microstructure. Our experiments further demonstrate that fluid accumulation rates directly influence deformation rates. Together, these processes drive gradual deformation, natural seismicity, and deepening earthquake foci. Recognizing these recurring patterns is crucial for understanding the caldera’s unrest-driving mechanism, enabling us to offer actionable insights for hazard assessment and engineering solutions, such as intercepting water upstream to prevent drainage toward Pozzuoli.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tiziana Vanorio and Davide Geremia and Grazia De Landro and Tianyang Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2067}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt2067}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The recurrence of geophysical manifestations at the campi flegrei caldera}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Doped organic thermoelectric short wavelength infrared detectors. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt0006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photon-based organic photodetector performance drops rapidly when going beyond near-infrared light detection due to nonradiative recombination. Here, we report on a device concept for infrared detection using organic thermoelectrics coupled to an infrared absorption film for heat generation. These short wavelength infrared (SWIR) detectors show an excellent area normalized responsivity of over 10 9 milliampere per watt per square meter at 1 V, two to three orders of magnitude higher than the conjugated polymer SWIR detector reported in the literature and typical organic photodetectors in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range. Moreover, the devices show a fast switch-on time with an estimated 3-decibel frequency of over 610 kilohertz, making the device suitable for a wide range of applications. However, the specific detectivity of the current device concept is limited to 10 4 Jones. We discuss strategies for improving the specific detectivities of these detectors with technology computer-aided design simulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shu-Jen Wang and Alexej Pashkin and Ghader Darbandy and Andrei Luferau and Jakob Wolansky and Louis C. Winkler and Zongbao Zhang and Tak Shun Wong and Mohd Saif Shaikh and Yonder Berencén and Johannes Benduhn and Hans Kleemann and Karl Leo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt0006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Doped organic thermoelectric short wavelength infrared detectors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting HMGB2 acts as dual immunomodulator by bolstering CD8+ t cell function and inhibiting tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. SCIADV, 11(18), eads8597. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {T cell exhaustion is a critical obstacle for durable treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Developing drugs that control tumor growth and simultaneously bolster immune function is of great significance. Although high-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) has been reported to be crucial to HCC prognosis, its role in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Here, we found HMGB2 + CD8 + T cells as being associated with immune exhaustion and resistance to anti–PD-1 treatment through single-cell RNA sequencing. Mechanistically, HMGB2 impaired the oxidative phosphorylation in CD8 + T cells and inactivated the interferon-γ response in tumor cells, reducing the antitumor effector function. Tannic acid, a specific inhibitor of HMGB2, synergized with PD-1 antibody to attenuate tumor growth and reverse T cell exhaustion. Our findings highlight the unique role of HMGB2 as an immune exhaustion associated molecule. Targeting HMGB2 on both CD8 + T cells and tumor cells contributed to promising treatment strategies for HCC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei-Feng Qu and Gui-Qi Zhu and Rui Yang and Tian-Hao Chu and Zhi-Qi Guan and Run Huang and Meng-Xin Tian and Xi-Fei Jiang and Chen-Yang Tao and Yuan Fang and Jun Gao and Xiao-Ling Wu and Jia-Feng Chen and Qian-Fu Zhao and Yi Wang and Yi-Chao Bu and Jian Zhou and Jia Fan and Wei-Ren Liu and Zheng Tang and Ying-Hong Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8597}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eads8597}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting HMGB2 acts as dual immunomodulator by bolstering CD8+ t cell function and inhibiting tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noninvasive prognostic classification of ITH in HCC with multi-omics insights and therapeutic implications. SCIADV, 11(18), eads8323. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is a critical factor associated with treatment failure and disease relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, decoding ITH in a noninvasive and comprehensive manner remains a notable challenge. In this study involving 851 patients from five centers, we developed a noninvasive prognostic classification for ITH using radiomics based on multisequence MRI, termed radiomics ITH (RITH) phenotypes. The RITH phenotypes highly correlated with prognosis and pathological ITH. In addition, through an integrated multi-omics analysis, we uncovered the molecular mechanisms underlying RITH, notably enhancing its biological interpretability. Specifically, high-RITH tumors demonstrated an enrichment of cancer-associated fibroblasts and activation of extracellular matrix remodeling. Our approach facilitates the noninvasive refined classification of ITH using radiomics and multi-omics, paving the way for tailored treatment strategies in HCC. Extracellular matrix-receptor interaction could be a potential therapeutic target in patients with high-RITH tumors. Given the routine use of radiologic imaging in oncology, our methodology ignites versatile framework for broader application to other solid tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yangyang Xie and Fang Wang and Jingwei Wei and Zefeng Shen and Xue Song and Yali Wang and Hongjun Chen and Liye Tao and Junhao Zheng and Lanfen Lin and Ziwei Niu and Xiaojun Guan and Tianhan Zhou and Zhengao Xu and Yang Liu and Danwei Du and Haoyu Pan and Shihao Li and Wenbin Ji and Wei Zhou and Yunjun Yang and Jie Tian and Junjie Xu and Hongjie Hu and Xiao Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8323}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eads8323}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noninvasive prognostic classification of ITH in HCC with multi-omics insights and therapeutic implications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vegetation feedbacks accelerated the late miocene climate transition. SCIADV, 11(18), eads4268. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The late Miocene was an important stage for the formation of modern-like ecological and environmental patterns. Proxy data from the middle to late Miocene reveal that large-scale cooling and drying occurred; however, the reasons for this climate transition remain unclear. Through a compilation of proxy data and climate simulations, our results indicate that atmospheric CO 2 decline markedly decreased the temperature and reduced the precipitation in most of the land area, while the paleogeographic changes enhanced cooling at northern high latitudes and increased precipitation in East Asia, East Africa, and South America. In comparison, vegetation changes accelerated cooling at northern high latitudes (the maximum cooling exceeded 10°C) and modulated precipitation at low- and mid-latitude continents (the maximum decrease was close to 30%). This deepens the understanding of the mechanism of the late Miocene climate transition and highlights the importance of vegetation feedbacks during global climate change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ran Zhang and Jiaqi Guo and Catherine D. Bradshaw and Xiyan Xu and Tiantian Shen and Shufeng Li and Junsheng Nie and Chunxia Zhang and Xiangyu Li and Ze Liu and Jian Zhang and Dabang Jiang and Yongyun Hu and Jimin Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4268}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eads4268}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vegetation feedbacks accelerated the late miocene climate transition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Liquid metal anode enables zinc-based flow batteries with ultrahigh areal capacity and ultralong duration. SCIADV, 11(18), eads3919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Zinc-based flow batteries (Zn-FBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage because of their intrinsic safety and high energy density. Unlike that conventional flow batteries operate on the basis of liquid-liquid conversions, the Zn anode in Zn-FBs adopts a solid-liquid conversion reaction, presenting challenges such as dendrite formation, poor reversibility, and low areal capacity, limiting its long-duration energy storage (LDES) applications. Here, we developed a liquid metal (LM) electrode that evolves the deposition/dissolution reaction of Zn into an alloying/dealloying process within the LM, thereby achieving extraordinary areal capacity and dendrite-free Zn-FBs with outstanding cycling stability. Both Zn-I 2 and Zn-Br 2 flow batteries using LM electrodes exhibited an ultrahigh areal capacity of 640 milliampere-hours per square centimeter, corresponding to an ultralong discharge duration of ~16 hours, thus exceeding the LDES standard defined by the US Department of Energy. This study breaks the solid-liquid working mode of the Zn anode, offering an effective solution for LDES applications with Zn-FBs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shengnan Wang and Deshuai Yang and Pu Zhang and Yihui Guo and Xingjun Liu and Ming Zhao and Jiaxiong Zhu and Pei Li and Xianfeng Li and Jun Fan and Chunyi Zhi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eads3919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Liquid metal anode enables zinc-based flow batteries with ultrahigh areal capacity and ultralong duration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The potential of wastewater treatment on carbon storage through ocean alkalinity enhancement. SCIADV, 11(18), eads0313. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) implemented through wastewater treatment plants increases the alkalinity of the effluents and discharges them into the ocean, referred to as wastewater-based OAE. However, the alkalization capability and its carbon storage stability when adding alkaline minerals to wastewater treatment are uncertain. In this study, total alkalinity was enhanced to more than 10 millimoles per kilogram and phosphate removal was improved when we added olivine to wastewater in a laboratory setting. The alkalization rate by olivine dissolution in aerobically treated wastewater was 20 times higher than in seawater. We estimated the potential of carbon sequestration through wastewater-based OAE to be 18.8 ± 6.0 teragrams of CO 2 per year globally, with notable potential in the 20°N to 60°N region.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Li-wen Zheng and Yubin Hu and Bei Su and Qian-ying Chen and Jihua Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0313}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eads0313}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The potential of wastewater treatment on carbon storage through ocean alkalinity enhancement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Back to an ice-free future: Early cretaceous seasonal cycles of sea surface temperature and glacier ice. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr9417. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Global ice losses will likely continue with ongoing climate warming, culminating in an almost ice-free planet analogous to that which persisted throughout much of the Cretaceous. Despite extensive research, Early Cretaceous cryosphere responses to temperature and atmospheric P CO 2 fluctuations over short, human, timescales remain uncertain. Here, we show rapid late Valanginian (~133 million years ago) seasonal fluctuations in sea surface temperature (SST) and δ 18 O mainly driven by atmospheric P CO 2 . Two distinctive features emerge: large seasonal variability of up to 15.9° ± 4.9°C in Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, comparable to that found today, a positive sea surface δ 18 O value related to evaporation (expressed as salinity increases), and the existence of polar ice. Model-predicted patterns of SST change match with high statistical confidence those derived from clumped isotopes in well-preserved oyster fossils from Madagascar and display consistent warm/cold seasonality. Given its relative coolness in a Cretaceous context, the late Valanginian is a valuable analog for Earth’s future climate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Songlin He and Tianyang Wang and Robert A. Spicer and Alex Farnsworth and Andreas Mulch and Mike Widdowson and Qinghai Zhang and Fulong Cai and Paul J. Valdes and Chao Wang and Hasina Nirina Randrianaly and Jing Xie and Lin Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9417}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr9417}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Back to an ice-free future: Early cretaceous seasonal cycles of sea surface temperature and glacier ice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Emerging trans-eurasian heatwave-drought train in a warming climate. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr7320. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Since the late 20th century, an emerging atmospheric teleconnection pattern, the trans-Eurasian heatwave-drought train, has intensified remarkably during summer, correlating with a surge in concurrent heatwave-drought events from Eastern Europe to East Asia. Tree-ring proxies, spanning three centuries, reveal that the recent intensity of this pattern is unprecedented in the historical records. In contrast, the circumglobal teleconnection, which historically dominated the continental-scale Eurasian heatwave occurrences, has shown no discernible trend amid global warming. Consequently, this emerging pattern signifies a radical shift in Eurasian heatwave-drought climatologies. The mechanism involves Rossby wave propagation linked to warming sea surface temperatures in the Northwestern Atlantic and enhanced Sahel precipitation, both amplified recently by overlapping effects of anthropogenic warming and natural variability. Land-atmosphere interactions driven by soil moisture deficits further intensified the pattern regionally. Climate models predict that anthropogenic forcings will continue to strengthen the pattern throughout this century.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jee-Hoon Jeong and Min-Seok Kim and Jin-Ho Yoon and Hyungjun Kim and Shih-Yu Simon Wang and Sung-Ho Woo and Hans W. Linderholm}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7320}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr7320}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Emerging trans-eurasian heatwave-drought train in a warming climate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Boosting multiplexing capabilities for error-robust spatial transcriptomic methods using a set exchange approach. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr4026. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the last decades, image-based transcriptomic and proteomic experiments have moved from single-target probes to multiplexed experiments, allowing researchers to study hundreds or even thousands of mRNA and protein targets simultaneously. This large increase in scope necessitates methods in either increased specificity or in error correction, such as the Hamming codes used in the imaging-based spatial transcriptomic method MERFISH. For some experimental conditions, Hamming codes are efficient in encoding the highest possible number of genes for spatial analysis. However, for most experimental parameters, the optimal generation of error-robust codebooks is an unsolved mathematical problem. Here, we present a method to generate highly optimized extended Hamming codebooks compatible with established error-correctable methodologies such as MERFISH. Our method uses an iterative set-exchange approach and generally reaches over 90% of the theoretical maximum limit of gene set complexity. We also provide ready-to-use codebooks and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of changing probe density.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Johan Boström and Michaɫ Zapaɫa and Igor Adameyko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4026}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr4026}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Boosting multiplexing capabilities for error-robust spatial transcriptomic methods using a set exchange approach}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A neuroimmune pathway drives bacterial infection. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr2226. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pathogen-induced septic death presents a substantial public health challenge, with its neuroimmune mechanisms largely unexplored. Our study investigates neurotransmitter modulation of ACOD1 expression, a regulator of immunometabolism activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Screening neurotransmitters identifies dopamine as a potent inhibitor of LPS-induced ACOD1 expression in innate immune cells. Mechanistically, DRD2 forms a complex with TLR4, initiating MAPK3-dependent CREB1 phosphorylation and subsequent ACOD1 transcription. Conversely, dopamine disrupts TLR4-MYD88 interaction via DRD2 without affecting the formation of the LPS-induced TLR4-MD2-CD14 complex. Enhanced ACOD1 expression induces CD274/PD-L1 production independently of itaconate, precipitating inflammation-associated immunosuppression in sepsis. Delayed administration of pramipexole, a dopamine agonist, mitigates lethality in bacterial sepsis mouse models. Conversely, the dopamine antagonist aripiprazole exacerbates sepsis mortality. Dysregulation of the dopamine-ACOD1 axis correlates with sepsis severity in patients, indicating a potential therapeutic target for modulating this neuroimmune pathway.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nian Wang and Jiao Liu and Runliu Wu and Feng Chen and Ruoxi Zhang and Chunhua Yu and Herbert Zeh and Xianzhong Xiao and Haichao Wang and Timothy R. Billiar and Ling Zeng and Jianxin Jiang and Daolin Tang and Rui Kang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2226}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr2226}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A neuroimmune pathway drives bacterial infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Open or closed: PH modulation and calcification by foraminifera. SCIADV, 11(18), eadq8425. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine calcifying organisms precipitate their shells either in equilibrium with seawater or under strict biological control. Here, we show that these two options represent two ends of a spectrum. In species with a more “closed” system, rates of H + removal and Ca 2+ uptake are high and exceed the amount of ions required for calcification. This explains the relatively low Mg/Ca of the calcite of this species by dilution of the [Mg 2+ ] in the calcifying fluid. Conversely, in species with a more open system, the H + and Ca 2+ fluxes are lower, with more seawater exchanged between the environment and calcifying fluid, explaining the relatively high Mg/Ca in these foraminifera. In either of these species, mitochondria were found to be located at the site where the Ca 2+ /H + exchange takes place and the mitochondrial density aligned with the rate of pumping. These findings highlight the crucial role of transmembrane transporters and mitochondria in foraminifera calcification and explain the species-specific elemental signatures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel François and Gert-Jan Reichart and Lennart J. de Nooijer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8425}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadq8425}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Open or closed: PH modulation and calcification by foraminifera}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Taxonomically distinct diatom viruses differentially impact microbial processing of organic matter. SCIADV, 11(18), eadq5439. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Phytoplankton viruses facilitate the production of dissolved organic matter (DOM) through host lysis, shaping DOM composition, and subsequent regenerative processing. We explored how DOM generated from a bloom-forming, centric diatom, infected with taxonomically distinct viruses—a single-stranded (ss) DNA and a ssRNA virus—impacted microbial processing of organic matter. DOM derived from uninfected and ssDNA virus–infected cultures supported growth in bacterial isolates and a mixed assemblage. In contrast, DOM from ssRNA virus infection did not stimulate growth, but rather induced ectoproteolytic activity, suggesting this DOM was less bioavailable. Exoprotease activity was also substantially higher in ssRNA virus–infected cellular exudates compared to ssDNA virus–infected and uninfected cultures. This suggests that DOM produced through virus-mediated host lysis does not a priori support secondary production and implicate ssRNA virus infection as a source of proteolytic activity in the water column, highlighting a multifaceted role for viruses in altering microbial utilization and remineralization length scales of organic matter in the ocean.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chana F. Kranzler and Devin A. Busono and Gweneth J. Walsh and Alyssa C. Carrillo and Kay D. Bidle and Kimberlee Thamatrakoln}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5439}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eadq5439}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Taxonomically distinct diatom viruses differentially impact microbial processing of organic matter}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Development of the mechanoresponsive pericellular matrix of chondrons. SCIADV, 11(18), eado6644. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Physical properties of cartilage are conferred by the composition and ultrastructure of the extracellular matrix. This study focuses on the development of the pericellular matrix (PCM), a domain that directly contacts the chondrocyte and is a key regulator of biomechanical and biochemical signaling. Using three-dimensional cell culture, microfluidic cell compression platforms, and genetic mouse models, we demonstrated that collagen VI is initially assembled at the cell surface and then displaced to form a shell at the PCM-territorial matrix boundary. Cell surface–bound hyaluronan is crucial for the assembly process, and hyaluronan-aggrecan complexes drive displacement. Integrin adhesion is not required early but is crucial to determine the final placement of the collagen VI shell. Dynamic compression accelerated PCM maturation except in aggrecan mutants. Together, these findings provide key insights into the development of the mechanosensitive PCM and establish an in vitro platform to support studies of matrix biology in normal and disease models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Donghee Lee and Sydney E. Greer and Andrew T. Dudley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6644}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {5}, number = {18}, pages = {eado6644}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Development of the mechanoresponsive pericellular matrix of chondrons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhalable myofibroblast targeting nanoparticles for synergistic treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv9571. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a life-threatening interstitial lung disease, characterized by excessive fibroblast activation and collagen deposition, leading to progressive pulmonary function decline and limited therapeutic efficacy. Here, the inhalable, myofibroblast-targeted, and pH-responsive liposomes (FL-NI) were developed for effective codelivery of nintedanib, a mainstream antifibrotic drug in clinic, and siIL11, a small interfering RNA that silences the key profibrosis cytokine IL-11. Notably, FL-NI achieved a 117.8% increase in pulmonary drug delivery by noninvasive inhalation and a 71.5% increase in delivery specifically to fibroblast activation protein–positive myofibroblasts while reducing nonspecific immune cell and epithelial uptake by 29.8 and 55.8%, respectively. The accurate inhalation codelivery of nintedanib and siIL11 into myofibroblasts achieved synergistic effects, effectively enhanced myofibroblast deactivation, reduced pathological collagen deposition by 50.8%, and promoted epithelial tissue repair. FL-NI remodeled the aberrant immune microenvironment without inducing systemic toxicities. Therefore, this work demonstrated the notable potential for this pluripotent strategy for improving PF outcomes and its promising clinical translation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhike Chen and Jian Yang and Qiang Zhang and Weibiao Zeng and Yi Liu and Wenxuan Hu and Linfu Chen and Jingjing Shen and Yu Miao and Zhisheng Xiao and Zhiqiang Wu and He Wang and Hui Shen and Cheng Ding and Qian Chen and Jun Zhao and Yang Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9571}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv9571}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhalable myofibroblast targeting nanoparticles for synergistic treatment of pulmonary fibrosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Implementing complex nucleic acid circuits in living cells. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv6512. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synthetic nucleic acid–based computing has demonstrated complex computational capabilities in vitro. However, translating these circuits into living cells remains challenging because of instability and cellular interference. We introduce an allosteric strand exchange (ASE) strategy for complex intracellular computing. Leveraging conformational cooperativity to regulate strand exchange, ASE offers a modular platform for designing intracellular circuits with flexible programmability. We engineer a scalable circuit architecture based on ASE that can execute AND and OR logic and scale to an eight-input expression. We demonstrate ASE-based circuits can detect messenger RNAs with high specificity in mammalian cells via AND logic computation. The capacity of ASE-based circuits to accept messenger RNAs as inputs enables integration of endogenous cellular information for efficient multi-input information processing, demonstrated by a multi-input molecular classifier monitoring key cell reprogramming events. Reprogramming ASE-based circuit to interface with CRISPR-Cas9 enables programmable control of Cas9-targeting activity for gene editing, highlighting their potential for advancing intracellular biocomputation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiajia Sun and Xiewei Xiong and Wei Lai and Zhongdong Wu and Heming Wang and Lei Yang and Niannian Xue and Qunyan Yao and Guangqi Song and Yicheng Zhao and Li Li and Fei Wang and Chunhai Fan and Hao Pei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6512}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv6512}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Implementing complex nucleic acid circuits in living cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large melt diversity at a mid-ocean ridge thermal low. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv4654. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mid-ocean ridges serve as key sites for understanding the composition of the mantle, but extensive melting usually masks its lithological diversity. This study explores how cold mid-ocean ridge segments, such as the eastern Romanche ridge-transform intersection (ERRTI), provide unique insights into mantle heterogeneity. Here, a thick cold lithosphere faces the warm ridge segment efficiently cooling the ridge tip, thus reducing melting and mixing, and allowing distinct short-scale lithologies to be sampled. Our findings reveal a mosaic of mantle components with diverse geochemical and isotopic signatures, reflecting dynamic mantle processes over time. By examining these cold regimes, this research sheds light on the mantle’s compositional complexity and its evolution, offering a fresh perspective on lithospheric dynamics and melt generation in settings independent of hotspot influences.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniele Brunelli and Léna Verhoest and Marco Ligi and Christophe Hemond and Marcia Maia and Azam Soltanmohammadi and Federico Lugli and Philippe Nonnotte and Anna Cipriani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4654}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv4654}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large melt diversity at a mid-ocean ridge thermal low}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Integrated brillouin photonics in thin-film lithium niobate. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv4022. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is revolutionizing low-noise lasers and microwave photonics. However, a scalable and efficient integrated platform for Brillouin photonics has remained elusive. Here, we leverage the well-established thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform to address these long-standing limitations. We report two distinct SBS processes on this platform, driven by surface acoustic wave (SAW) with 20-megahertz linewidth or bulk acoustic waves with a linewidth 200 times broader. Exploiting the strong SAW SBS gain, we demonstrate a narrowband internal net gain amplifier overcoming propagation losses. In addition, we achieve a stimulated Brillouin laser in TFLN, featuring a tuning range exceeding 20 nanometers and enabling high-purity radio frequency signal generation with an intrinsic linewidth of 9 hertz. Furthermore, we develop a programmable, multifunctional integrated Brillouin microwave photonic processor capable of notch filtering, bandpass filtering, or true time delay. This work bridges SBS with advanced TFLN technologies such as high-speed modulators and wideband optical frequency combs, unlocking new paradigms for integrated Brillouin photonics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaixuan Ye and Hanke Feng and Randy te Morsche and Chuangchuang Wei and Yvan Klaver and Akhileshwar Mishra and Zheng Zheng and Akshay Keloth and Ahmet Tarık Işık and Zhaoxi Chen and Cheng Wang and David Marpaung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4022}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv4022}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Integrated brillouin photonics in thin-film lithium niobate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Photonic quasicrystal of spin angular momentum. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv3938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quasicrystals, characterized by long-range order without translational symmetry, have catalyzed transformative advances in various fields, including optics in terms of field quasicrystals. To our knowledge, we present the first demonstration of photonic quasicrystals formed by spin angular momentum, unveiling previously unidentified spin-orbit coupling effects absent in traditional field quasicrystals. A de Bruijn tiling like theoretical framework was built elucidating the formation mechanism of spin quasicrystals for diverse symmetries. Moreover, the configurations of these spin textures can be manipulated through the adjustments of the wavefronts, among which phason-like discontinuous dynamics is observed and quantitatively measured. Unlike optical quasicrystals shaped by electromagnetic fields, these spin-governed quasicrystals exhibit quasi-periodic properties of kinematic parameters, extending their potential applications to other physical systems. These findings hold promise for advancements in optical trapping, quasicrystal fabrication, and optical encryption systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Lin and Xinxin Gou and Zhenwei Xie and Aiping Yang and Luping Du and Xiaocong Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv3938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Photonic quasicrystal of spin angular momentum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DNA origami–enhanced force spectroscopy and AlphaFold structural analyses reveal the folding landscape of calcium-binding proteins. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv1962. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the intricate folding process of proteins and characterizing the intermediates they populate en route to their native state remain challenging despite the remarkable accuracy achieved through in silico approaches for predicting native protein structures. Here, we replaced the conventional flexible double-stranded DNA handle force transducers with solid DNA-origami bundles to conduct single-molecule folding force-spectroscopy studies on calerythrin, a compact multidomain calcium-binding globular protein. The resulting origami-enhanced data revealed a previously “hidden” folding intermediate and the hierarchical nature of the protein’s folding pathway. A systematic comparison of the AlphaFold-predicted conformational ensemble of structures of the native state and folding intermediates across various calcium-binding proteins provides a structural rationalization for the folding behavior of this protein family. The integration of DNA origami–enhanced single-molecule experiments with in silico approaches, and structural analysis presented here, constitutes a comprehensive method to uncover the rules underlying the formation of intermediates within protein folding landscapes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Honglu Zhang and Cristhian Cañari-Chumpitaz and Lisa Alexander and Huan Zhang and Chunhai Fan and Carlos Bustamante}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1962}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv1962}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DNA origami–enhanced force spectroscopy and AlphaFold structural analyses reveal the folding landscape of calcium-binding proteins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling long-range forces in light-harvesting proteins: Pivotal roles of temperature and light. SCIADV, 11(18), eadv0346. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrodynamic interactions between biomolecules are of potential biological interest for temporal and spatial molecular controls, warranting investigation of their activation through various mechanisms in living systems. Using a light-harvesting protein in the phycobilisome antenna system of red algae, we proved that not only light exposure but also thermal energy alone can trigger attractive electrodynamic interactions up to hundreds of nanometers, sustained by low-frequency collective modes. Activation of such modes and interactions might influence conformational rearrangements and energy transport within the phycobilisome system. This paradigm shift underscores the immense potential of biological systems in exploiting different forms of energy to achieve optimal energy transfer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elsa Perez-Martin and Tristan Beranger and Laurent Bonnet and Frederic Teppe and Alvydas Lisauskas and Kestutis Ikamas and Elwin Vrouwe and Elena Floriani and Gergely Katona and Didier Marguet and Vania Calandrini and Marco Pettini and Sandra Ruffenach and Jeremie Torres}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0346}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadv0346}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling long-range forces in light-harvesting proteins: Pivotal roles of temperature and light}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrawideband dynamic microwave frequency–amplitude measurement. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu5130. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microwave measurement is crucial in various fields, such as communication, radar, and cognitive radio, now poised for a revolution with the advent of photonic-assisted techniques that promise unprecedented performance. However, existing methods often disrupt the amplitude integrity of unknown signals and rely on time-consuming frequency sweeping to achieve multifrequency detection, which markedly restricts their instantaneous bandwidth, response speed, and accuracy. Here, we present a groundbreaking approach leveraging digital optical frequency comb–enabled stimulated Brillouin scattering to achieve instantaneous microwave frequency and amplitude detection, attaining a record-breaking 50.8-gigahertz bandwidth, a 1.1-megahertz accuracy, and a 500-nanosecond temporal resolution, which is three orders of magnitude improvement over that obtained with frequency sweeping schemes. In addition to conventional frequency detection, the proposed technique enables simultaneous multifrequency microwave amplitude measurement and achieves a substantial performance enhancement in the figure of merit of more than 10-fold, which paves the way for dynamic microwave signal detection and analysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huan He and Jingchuan Wang and Zhiyong Zhao and Dongmei Huang and Alan Pak Tao Lau and Chao Lu and Ming Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5130}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu5130}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrawideband dynamic microwave frequency–amplitude measurement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Triple cross-electrophile coupling enabled by palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu4573. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) is a powerful strategy for forming C–C bonds in synthetic organic chemistry. While XEC reactions between two electrophiles are well established, those involving three distinct electrophiles have remained underdeveloped. Herein, we report an intriguing formal triple XEC enabled by palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis. Readily available aryl iodides, alkyl/aryl bromides, and propargyl esters are used as the distinct electrophilic coupling partners, leading to the synthesis of a diverse array of tetrasubstituted allenes. In particular, the challenging asymmetric formal triple XEC has also been realized through palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis, which uses the sterically hindered 2,6-disubstituted aryl bromides as the arylating reagents to prepare tetrasubstituted allenes bearing an axially chiral biaryl unit. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the selection of propargyl esters as electrophilic terminating reagents is key to the success of this reaction because it enables a thermodynamically favored pathway for reaction termination involving alkyne insertion followed by β-O elimination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinxiang Ye and Lifang Qi and Shuang Deng and Dandan Wang and Hengjiang Cong and Xiaotian Qi and Qianghui Zhou and Hong-Gang Cheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4573}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu4573}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Triple cross-electrophile coupling enabled by palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mortise-tenon–shaped memristors for scientific computing. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu3309. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In-memory computing hardware based on memristors has emerged as a promising option for scientific computing due to its large-scale parallel data processing capability. However, the nonuniformity issue of the memristors renders the practical deployment of in-memory computing hardware complex, requiring peripheral circuits to ensure the accuracy of scientific computing, thereby resulting in increased power consumption. Here, we present a mortise-tenon–shaped (MTS) memristor with ultrahigh uniformity by introducing a mortise-shaped h-BN flake on the HfO 2 switching layer. The MTS memristor exhibits ultrasmall cycle-to-cycle (~2.5%) and device-to-device (~6.9%) variations compared to the HfO 2 memristor without the MTS structure. Furthermore, we use the MTS memristors to build a partial differential equation solver and demonstrate a convergence speed of solving the Poisson equation five times faster than the solver based on the traditional HfO 2 memristors. This work provides a promising approach for notably reducing the hardware resources required for fast and high-accuracy scientific computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weiqi Dang and Yu Shen and Wei Wei and Chen Pan and Fanqiang Chen and Gong-Jie Ruan and Yan Luo and Ying Guo and Qiuyang Tan and Jingwen Shi and Xing-Jian Yangdong and Sicheng Chen and Cong Wang and Yongqin Xie and Zai-Zheng Yang and Pengfei Wang and Shuang Wang and Li Zhong and Shaobo Cheng and Chao Zhu and Bin Cheng and Shi-Jun Liang and Feng Miao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3309}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu3309}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mortise-tenon–shaped memristors for scientific computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Assembly of catalytic complexes from randomized oligonucleotides. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu2647. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The early evolution of life relied on catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) for central functions. To test whether early catalysts could have assembled from multiple short nucleic acid fragments in random sequence environments, we performed an in vitro selection from a short RNA library in the presence of 256 different DNA 20-nucleotide oligomers. High-throughput sequencing and biochemical analysis showed that most of the selected 1331 RNA sequences required at least one DNA for activity. Representatives for four of six RNA clusters that depended on DNA cofactors were active even when the 256 DNAs were replaced by completely random DNA 20-nucleotide oligomers. The formation of these catalytic complexes and the recruitment of oligonucleotide cofactors from completely random libraries demonstrate an important principle for the emergence of the earliest oligonucleotide catalysts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xu Han and Ulrich F. Müller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2647}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu2647}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Assembly of catalytic complexes from randomized oligonucleotides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Keystone interdependence: Sea otter responses to a prey surplus following the collapse of a rocky intertidal predator. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu1028. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The sea star Pisaster ochraceus and sea otters ( Enhydra lutris ) are two predators capable of shaping rocky intertidal and kelp forest community structure and functioning. In 2013, a sea star wasting event decimated populations of Pisaster along the west coast of North America. The collapse of this species in the rocky intertidal revealed an unexpected relationship between two keystone predators. In this study, we show how the loss of Pisaster along the Monterey Peninsula, CA, USA led to an increase in mussel ( Mytilus californianus ) size and expansion into lower tidal zones. Before the sea star wasting event, the local sea otter population fluctuated around a near equilibrium. However, in the absence of Pisaster , sea otters increased their dietary intake on mussels, which contributed in part to a local population-level rise. These results demonstrate how the loss of a keystone predator in one ecosystem may impart population-level changes to another.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joshua G. Smith and Jessica A. Fujii and Rani Gaddam and Leilani Konrad and Sophia Lyon and Teri E. Nicholson and Peter T. Raimondi and April D. Ridlon and Michelle Staedler and Joseph A. Tomoleoni and Julie L. Yee and M. Tim Tinker}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1028}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu1028}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Keystone interdependence: Sea otter responses to a prey surplus following the collapse of a rocky intertidal predator}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Systems analysis unravels a common rural-urban gradient in immunological profile, function, and metabolic dependencies. SCIADV, 11(18), eadu0419. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Urbanization affects environmental exposures and lifestyle, shaping immune system variation and influencing disease susceptibility and vaccine responses. Here, we present systems analysis of immune profiles across the rural-urban gradient, comparing rural and urban Senegalese with urban Dutch individuals. By integrating single-cell phenotyping, metabolic profiling, and functional analysis, we reveal a trajectory of immune remodeling along the gradient. This includes enrichment of proinflammatory CD11c + B cells associated with altered IgG Fc glycosylation, adaptive NK cells with reduced responsiveness to accessory cytokines, and CD161 + CD4 + T cells with enhanced cytokine production in rural settings. Metabolic perturbation studies demonstrated distinct dependencies on glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid synthesis for cellular cytokine responses across populations. We validate core rural-urban immune signatures in an independent Indonesian cohort, suggesting shared immunological adaptations to urbanization across ancestries and geographical areas. Our findings provide insights into rural-urban immune function in understudied populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mikhael D. Manurung and Graham A. Heieis and Marion König and Shohreh Azimi and Malick Ndao and Tom Veldhuizen and Dennis Hoving and Pytsje T. Hoekstra and Yvonne C. M. Kruize and Linda J. Wammes and Roberta Menafra and Marouba Cisse and Souleymane Mboup and Alioune Dieye and Susan Kloet and Dicky L. Tahapary and Taniawati Supali and Manfred Wuhrer and Cornelis H. Hokke and Bart Everts and Ahmed Mahfouz and Simon P. Jochems and Maria Yazdanbakhsh and Moustapha Mbow}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0419}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadu0419}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Systems analysis unravels a common rural-urban gradient in immunological profile, function, and metabolic dependencies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with distinct rheumatoid arthritis phenotypes. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt9846. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) becomes more prevalent with aging and may influence inflammatory diseases by altering immune function. While CH of indeterminate potential (CHIP) promotes inflammation in nonmalignant conditions, its relationship with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. We analyzed CHIP mutations in RA using two population-level cohorts and patients with newly diagnosed RA. CHIP was associated with prevalent RA in 10,089 FINRISK study participants with whole-exome sequencing (OR, 2.06; P = 0.029) and in the FinnGen cohort ( n = 520,210; OR, 1.49; P < 0.001) using single-nucleotide polymorphism array–based CHIP annotation. In FinnGen, CHIP was also associated with inferior overall survival in participants with RA ( P = 0.013). In newly diagnosed RA ( n = 573), DNMT3A -mutated seropositive patients had increased inflammatory markers and disease activity compared with patients without CHIP. In contrast, TET2 mutations were enriched in seronegative RA ( P = 0.009). Our findings provide further evidence for the context-dependent association between CHIP and inflammation, with potential therapeutic implications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emil Hiitola and Juuso Korhonen and Heidi Kokkonen and Jukka Koskela and Matti Kankainen and Milla Alakuijala and Aoxing Liu and Sofie Lundgren and Paavo Häppölä and Henrikki Almusa and Pekka Ellonen and Paula Savola and Tiina Kelkka and Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo and Riitta Koivuniemi and Ritva Peltomaa and Laura Pirilä and Pia Isomäki and Markku Kauppi and Oili Kaipiainen-Seppänen and Inna Starskaia and Anniina T. Virtanen and Riitta Lahesmaa and Olli Silvennoinen and FinnGen and Giulio Genovese and Andrea Ganna and Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist and Satu Mustjoki and Mikko Myllymäki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9846}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt9846}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with distinct rheumatoid arthritis phenotypes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impaired parvalbumin interneurons in the retrosplenial cortex as the cause of sex-dependent vulnerability in alzheimer’s disease. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt8976. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with no cure and few treatment options. In early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, impaired metabolism and functional connectivity of the retrosplenial cortex strongly predict future cognitive impairments. Therefore, understanding Alzheimer’s disease–related deficits in the retrosplenial cortex is critical for understanding the origins of cognitive impairment and identifying early treatment targets. Using the 5xFAD mouse model, we discovered early, sex-dependent alterations in parvalbumin-interneuron transcriptomic profiles. This corresponded with impaired parvalbumin-interneuron activity, which was sufficient to induce cognitive impairments and dysregulate retrosplenial functional connectivity. In fMRI scans from patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease, we observed a similar sex-dependent dysregulation of retrosplenial cortex functional connectivity and, in postmortem tissue from subjects with Alzheimer’s disease, a loss of parvalbumin interneurons. Reversal of cognitive deficits by stimulation of parvalbumin interneurons in the retrosplenial cortex suggests that this may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dylan J. Terstege and Yi Ren and Bo Young Ahn and Heewon Seo and Kabirat Adigun and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and Liisa A. M. Galea and Derya Sargin and Jonathan R. Epp}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8976}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt8976}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impaired parvalbumin interneurons in the retrosplenial cortex as the cause of sex-dependent vulnerability in alzheimer’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reactive bromine in volcanic plumes confines the emission temperature and oxidation of magmatic gases at the atmospheric interface. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt8607. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The redox composition of volcanic gases relays substantial information about magmatic conditions and volcanic activity. Volcanic plume gas measurements are often interpreted assuming that magmatic gases are chemically inert on emission and near-source dilution in air. Conversely, many volcanic plumes contain high levels of bromine monoxide (BrO), which is produced by atmospheric oxidation of magmatic hydrogen bromide (HBr) emissions. We investigate the chemical kinetics of hot magmatic gases mixing with air. Our model reproduces and explains observations of volcanic plume BrO at Mt. Etna, evidencing that reduced gases [HBr, as well as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )] can oxidize at the hot magma–air interface. The extent of oxidation is controlled by the magmatic gas temperature. Observations of BrO and H 2 in Mt. Etna plume indicate that magmatic gases enter air at several hundred kelvin below magmatic temperature, consistent with hypothesized decoupling of gas temperatures from magma prior to emission.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Nies and Tjarda J. Roberts and Guillaume Dayma and Tobias P. Fischer and Jonas Kuhn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8607}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt8607}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reactive bromine in volcanic plumes confines the emission temperature and oxidation of magmatic gases at the atmospheric interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ scanning gate imaging of individual quantum two-level system defects in live superconducting circuits. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt8586. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The low-temperature physics of structurally amorphous materials is governed by low-energy two-level system (TLS) defects. Being impervious to most traditional condensed matter probes, the exact origin and nature of TLS remain elusive. Recent advances toward realizing stable high-coherence quantum computing platforms have increased the importance of studying TLS in solid-state quantum circuits, as they are a persistent source of decoherence and instability. Here, performing scanning gate microscopy on a live superconducting NbN resonator at millikelvin temperatures, we locate individual TLS, directly revealing their microscopic nature. Mapping and visualizing the most detrimental TLS in the bath pinpoints the dominant sources of ubiquitous 1/ f dielectric noise and energy relaxation. We also deduce the three-dimensional orientation of individual TLS electric dipole moments. Combining these insights with structural information of the underlying materials can help unravel the detailed microscopic nature and chemical origin of TLS, directing targeted strategies for their eventual mitigation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marius Hegedüs and Riju Banerjee and Andrew Hutcheson and Tomas Barker and Sumedh Mahashabde and Andrey V. Danilov and Sergey E. Kubatkin and Vladimir Antonov and Sebastian E. de Graaf}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8586}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt8586}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ scanning gate imaging of individual quantum two-level system defects in live superconducting circuits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). How novel is protactinium: Insights into the structure and properties of (PaO)2(SO4)3(H2O)2. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt7782. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Because of the scarcity of protactinium and the challenges associated with its separation and crystallization, even in sulfuric acid media where protactinium is relatively stable, there has been an incomplete understanding of the structural features of protactinium complexes. The characterization of protactinium sulfate complexes has been limited to those in solution, which have left key details unaddressed since the 1960s. This report describes a synthetic strategy to crystallize a protactinium complex using boric acid and sulfuric acid. Herein, the authors detail the results of hydrothermal synthesis and the single-crystal analysis of a novel protactinium sulfate complex, (PaO) 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O) 2 . This work has elucidated structural features, providing groundwork for accurate computational analysis and clarifying previously unknown details on the coordination, denticity, and binding properties of protactinium sulfate complexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jarrod M. Gogolski and Garret Gotthelf and Megan E. Hoover and Vinh T. Nguyen and Binod K. Rai and Lindsay E. Roy and Thomas C. Shehee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7782}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt7782}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {How novel is protactinium: Insights into the structure and properties of (PaO)2(SO4)3(H2O)2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massive experimental quantification allows interpretable deep learning of protein aggregation. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt5111. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein aggregation is a pathological hallmark of more than 50 human diseases and a major problem for biotechnology. Methods have been proposed to predict aggregation from sequence, but these have been trained and evaluated on small and biased experimental datasets. Here we directly address this data shortage by experimentally quantifying the aggregation of >100,000 protein sequences. This unprecedented dataset reveals the limited performance of existing computational methods and allows us to train CANYA, a convolution-attention hybrid neural network that accurately predicts aggregation from sequence. We adapt genomic neural network interpretability analyses to reveal CANYA’s decision-making process and learned grammar. Our results illustrate the power of massive experimental analysis of random sequence-spaces and provide an interpretable and robust neural network model to predict aggregation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mike Thompson and Mariano Martín and Trinidad Sanmartín Olmo and Chandana Rajesh and Peter K. Koo and Benedetta Bolognesi and Ben Lehner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5111}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt5111}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massive experimental quantification allows interpretable deep learning of protein aggregation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Telomere bacteriophages are widespread and equip their bacterial hosts with potent interbacterial weapons. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt1627. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that can kill bacteria, thereby editing and shaping microbial communities. The telomere phages are a curious form using telomere-like structures to replicate their genomes as linear extrachromosomal elements. Here, we find that telomere phages are widely distributed in bacteria, being highly prevalent in Klebsiella species. We establish a model system to investigate telomere phage biology by isolating the virions of telomere phages and infecting naïve strains to create isogenic lines with and without a phage. We find that only a small set of telomere phage proteins is expressed in phage-host cells, including a toxin—the telocin—that kills other Klebsiella strains. We identify and validate a set of telocins in the genomes of other prevalent Klebsiella telomere phages. Thus, telomere phages are widespread elements encoding diverse antibacterial weapons and we discuss the prospect of using telocins for precision editing of microbial populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sally M. H. Byers and Andrea Rocker and To N. T. Nguyen and Natalia C. Rosas and George Taiaroa and Kher Shing Tan and Yan Li and Jonathan J. Wilksch and Joel R. Steele and Ralf B. Schittenhelm and Rhys A. Dunstan and Francesca L. Short and Trevor Lithgow}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1627}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt1627}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Telomere bacteriophages are widespread and equip their bacterial hosts with potent interbacterial weapons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coelacanths illuminate deep-time evolution of cranial musculature in jawed vertebrates. SCIADV, 11(18), eadt1576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coelacanths are rare fishes that occupy a key evolutionary position in the vertebrate tree of life. Despite being exhaustively studied, we found that a substantial part of the knowledge on their cranial musculature was mistaken. Eleven previously reported coelacanth “muscles” are nonexistent, while three previously unknown muscle subdivisions and connections are found. These findings markedly affect our understanding of the deep-time cranial evolution of jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes). Only 13% of the previously identified myological evolutionary novelties for the major gnathostome lineages proved to be accurate, but several new ones are proposed. We show that low, moderate, and high levels of cranial muscle innovation characterized the emergence of lobe-finned (sarcopterygian), cartilaginous (chondrichthyan), and ray-finned (actinopterygian) fishes, respectively. The novelties in the latter group resulted in the evolution of a second active mechanism for the expansion of the oropharyngeal cavity, which was probably crucial for the predominance of suction feeding versus bite feeding in extant actinopterygians.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aléssio Datovo and G. David Johnson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadt1576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coelacanths illuminate deep-time evolution of cranial musculature in jawed vertebrates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Supervised and unsupervised learning reveal heroin-induced impairments in astrocyte structural plasticity. SCIADV, 11(18), eads6841. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Astrocytes regulate synaptic activity across large brain territories via their complex, interconnected morphology. Emerging evidence supports the involvement of astrocytes in shaping relapse to opioid use through morphological rearrangements in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, a comprehensive assessment of astrocyte structural diversity within and between NAc subdivisions is lacking because of limitations in existing methodologies to quantify meaningful alterations in astrocyte structure. We developed a methodological pipeline that integrates supervised and unsupervised learning techniques to rigorously quantify astrocyte morphological features and spatial organization across the brain, leveraging expression of cytoskeletal markers. Application of this pipeline reveals that morphological characteristics of individual astrocytes predict their location within the NAc. Our analysis also indicates that after heroin use, astrocyte structural plasticity is impaired in portions of the NAc associated with the extinction of conditioned responses and is uniquely engaged in the dorsomedial portion of the NAc shell, an undercharacterized subdivision of the structure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michela Marini and Yabo Niu and Heng Zhao and Anish Mohan and Nathan Koorndyk and Anna Kruyer and Demetrio Labate}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6841}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eads6841}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Supervised and unsupervised learning reveal heroin-induced impairments in astrocyte structural plasticity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shape and topology morphing of closed surfaces integrating origami and kirigami. SCIADV, 11(18), eads5659. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A closed surface is generally more resistant to deformation and shape changes than an open surface. An empty closed box, for example, is stiffer and more stable than when it is open. The presence of an opening makes it less constrained, more deformable, and easier to morph, as demonstrated by several studies on open-surface morphing across patterns, materials, and scales. Here, we present a platform to morph closed surfaces with bistability that harnesses a balanced integration of origami and kirigami principles. By harmonizing panel rotation around creases nearly tangent to the closed surface and panel rotation around hinges nearly perpendicular to the closed surface, we show that origami-kirigami assemblages can shape-morph between a cube and a sphere, scale between spheres of dissimilar size, and change topology between a sphere and a torus, with programmed bistability. The framework offers a promising strategy for designing bistable reconfigurable structures and metamaterials with enclosed configurations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiangxin Dang and Shujia Chen and Ali Elias Acha and Lei Wu and Damiano Pasini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5659}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eads5659}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shape and topology morphing of closed surfaces integrating origami and kirigami}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonmaximal entanglement of photons from positron-electron annihilation demonstrated using a plastic PET scanner. SCIADV, 11(18), eads3046. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In state-of-the-art positron emission tomography (PET), information about annihilation photon polarization is unavailable. Here, we present a PET scanner built from plastic scintillators, where annihilation photons primarily interact via the Compton effect, providing information about both photon polarization and propagation direction. Using this plastic-based PET, we determined the distribution of the relative angle between polarization planes of photons from positron-electron annihilation in a porous polymer. The amplitude of the observed distribution is smaller than predicted for maximally quantum entangled two-photon states but larger than expected for separable photons. This result can be well explained by assuming that photons from pick-off annihilation are not entangled, while photons from direct and parapositronium annihilations are maximally entangled. Our result indicates that the degree of entanglement depends on the annihilation mechanism in matter, opening avenues for exploring polarization correlations in PET as a diagnostic indicator.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Paweł Moskal and Deepak Kumar and Sushil Sharma and Ermias Yitayew Beyene and Neha Chug and Aurélien Coussat and Catalina Curceanu and Eryk Czerwiński and Manish Das and Kamil Dulski and Marek Gorgol and Bożena Jasińska and Krzysztof Kacprzak and Tevfik Kaplanoglu and Łukasz Kapłon and Tomasz Kozik and Edward Lisowski and Filip Lisowski and Wiktor Mryka and Szymon Niedźwiecki and Szymon Parzych and Elena P. del Rio and Martin Rädler and Magdalena Skurzok and Ewa Ł. Stepień and Pooja Tanty and Keyvan Tayefi Ardebili and Kavya Valsan Eliyan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3046}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eads3046}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonmaximal entanglement of photons from positron-electron annihilation demonstrated using a plastic PET scanner}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptable cavity exploration: Bioinspired vibration-propelled PufferFace robot with a morphable body. SCIADV, 11(18), eads3006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Robots with adaptive morphology can improve interactions with their environment, allowing adaptive functions without complicated control strategies. Inspired by a pufferfish, this paper introduces PufferFace Robot (PFR), a vibration-propelled soft robot with an adaptive design for exploring cavities using simple locomotion strategies. PFR is particularly useful for inspecting centimeter-scale pipeline systems with varying diameters and shapes, which pose substantial challenges. Although recent soft robots using smart materials offer advantages, difficulties remain in handling different pipe sizes, navigating transitions, and managing fluid flow. PFR’s inflatable soft skin is equipped with flexible spikes that create asymmetrical friction under vibrations, propelling the robot forward without feedback control. Its hollow structure allows fluid flow, while a front-mounted camera enhances inspection capabilities. PFR adapts to various pipeline conditions, navigating cavities 1 to 1.5 times its diameter and critical areas such as 90° elbows, T-connectors, and high-curvature sections. In specific scenarios, PFR can generate a propulsive force 20 to 35 times its weight.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Linh Viet Nguyen and Hansoul Kim and Khoi Thanh Nguyen and Farshid Alambeigi and Van Anh Ho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eads3006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptable cavity exploration: Bioinspired vibration-propelled PufferFace robot with a morphable body}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bacterial pathogens hijack host cell peroxisomes for replication vacuole expansion and integrity. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr8005. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pathogens manipulate host cell organelles to establish infection. There is extensive evidence of pathogen modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, endosomes, lysosomes, and nucleus. However, one organelle that has been largely overlooked in connection with bacterial pathogenesis is peroxisomes. Here, we demonstrate that Legionella actively recruits peroxisomes to its replication vacuole using a secreted bacterial effector protein. Defects in peroxisome metabolic function restrict expansion of the Legionella vacuole membrane and cause rupture of this compartment, inhibiting bacterial replication and leading to bacterial degradation. Similarly, peroxisome dysfunction causes Salmonella replication vacuole destabilization and reduced bacterial burden within host cells. Thus, these two intracellular bacterial pathogens exploit host cell peroxisomes to maintain their replication compartments, establishing a critical role for this organelle in disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mohammad J. Hossain and Katerina A. Romanov and Jeffrey Jian and Louis C. Swaby and Saumya Bandyopadhyay and Ivan Guan and Sean M. Thomas and Andrew J. Olive and Tamara J. O’Connor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8005}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr8005}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bacterial pathogens hijack host cell peroxisomes for replication vacuole expansion and integrity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Geometric phase amplification in a clock interferometer for enhanced metrology. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr6893. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-precision measurements are crucial for testing the fundamental laws of nature and advancing the technological frontier. Clock interferometry, where particles with an internal clock are coherently split and recombined along two spatial paths, has sparked interest due to its fundamental implications, especially at the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity. Here, we demonstrate that a clock interferometer provides metrological improvement compared to its technical noise–limited counterpart using a single internal quantum state. This enhancement around a critical working point can be interpreted as a geometric phase–induced signal-to-noise ratio gain. In our experimental setup, we infer a sensitivity enhancement of 8.8 decibels when measuring a small difference between external fields. We estimate that tens of decibels of sensitivity enhancement could be attained for measurements with a higher atom flux. This opens the door to developing a superior probe for fundamental physics and a high-performance sensor for various technological applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhifan Zhou and Sebastian C. Carrasco and Christian Sanner and Vladimir S. Malinovsky and Ron Folman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6893}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr6893}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Geometric phase amplification in a clock interferometer for enhanced metrology}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultralow-pressure mechanical-motion switching of ferroelectric polarization. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr5337. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ferroelectric polarization switching, achieved by mechanical forces, enables the storage of stress information in ferroelectrics and holds promise for human interface applications. The prevailing mechanical approach is locally induced flexoelectricity with large strain gradients. However, this approach usually requires huge mechanical forces, which greatly impede device applications. Here, we report an approach of using triboelectric effect to mechanically, reversibly switch ferroelectric polarization across α-In 2 Se 3 ferroelectric memristors. Through contact electrification and electrostatic induction effects, triboelectric units are used to sensitively detect mechanical forces and generate electrical voltage pulses to trigger α-In 2 Se 3 resistance switching. We realize multilevel resistance states under different mechanical forces, by which a neuromorphic stress system is demonstrated. Notably, we achieve the reversal of α-In 2 Se 3 ferroelectric polarization with a record-low mechanical force of ~10 kilopascals and even with tactile touches. Our work provides a fundamental but pragmatic strategy for creating mechanical tactile ferroelectric memory devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Baoyu Wang and Xin He and Jianjun Luo and Yitong Chen and Zhixiang Zhang and Ding Wang and Shangui Lan and Peijian Wang and Xun Han and Yuda Zhao and Zheng Li and Huan Hu and Yang Xu and Zhengdong Luo and Weijin Hu and Bowen Zhu and Jian Sun and Yan Liu and Genquan Han and Xixiang Zhang and Bin Yu and Kai Chang and Fei Xue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5337}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr5337}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultralow-pressure mechanical-motion switching of ferroelectric polarization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A multimodal and fully automated system for prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr1576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Accurately predicting pathological complete response (pCR) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is crucial for patients with breast cancer. In this study, we developed a multimodal integrated fully automated pipeline system (MIFAPS) in forecasting pCR to NAC, using a multicenter and prospective dataset of 1004 patients with locally advanced breast cancer, incorporating pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging, whole slide image, and clinical risk factors. The results demonstrated that MIFAPS offered a favorable predictive performance in both the pooled external test set [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.882] and the prospective test set (AUC = 0.909). In addition, MIFAPS significantly outperformed single-modality models ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, the high deep learning scores were associated with immune-related pathways and the promotion of antitumor cells in the microenvironment during biological basis exploration. Overall, our study demonstrates a promising approach for improving the prediction of pCR to NAC in patients with breast cancer through the integration of multimodal data.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ning Mao and Yi Dai and Heng Zhou and Fan Lin and Tiantian Zheng and Ziyin Li and Ping Yang and Feng Zhao and Qin Li and Weiwei Wang and Yun Liang and Haizhu Xie and Heng Ma and Lina Zhang and Yuan Guo and Xicheng Song and Haicheng Zhang and Jie Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr1576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A multimodal and fully automated system for prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomimetic elasticity compressed assembly controls rapid intracerebral drug release to reverse microglial dysfunction. SCIADV, 11(18), eadr0656. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The regulation of microglial dysfunction has become increasingly prominent in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, we develop a scalable polymer-involved biomimetic assembly that responds to intracerebral reactive oxygen species (ROS) for elastic spreading and concentration-dependent drug therapy. Structurally, a polymer of thermally sensitive deformation is selected for hydrophobic loading of curcumin (Cur) and coordinative grafting onto ultrasmall ceria (CeO 2 ) by elastic compression at transition temperature, which is further sealed by self-polymerized dopamine with apolipoprotein decoration to improve intracerebral shuttling. When triggered by ROS in the lesions, burst exposure of Cur and polymer-linked CeO 2 (PCeO 2 ) is achieved. The concentrated Cur switches amyloid-β (Aβ)–activated microglia into normal for mobilizing phagocytosis, and CeO 2 has sustainable antioxidant capacity to prevent microglial mitochondrial damage after phagocytosis of PCeO 2 -captured Aβ. After administration, our findings reveal microglia-mediated Aβ clearance, neuroprotection, and ROS elimination in AD mice. Collectively, this biomimetic assembly provides a promising approach in AD treatments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guochen Han and Yi Jin and Kaiwen Bai and Qiaofei Du and Xiaochen Gu and Ling Tao and Jianping Zhou and Huaqing Zhang and Yang Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0656}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadr0656}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomimetic elasticity compressed assembly controls rapid intracerebral drug release to reverse microglial dysfunction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The duke mouse brain atlas: MRI and light sheet microscopy stereotaxic atlas of the mouse brain. SCIADV, 11(18), eadq8089. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atlases of the brain are critical resources that make it possible to share data in a common reference frame. Unexpectedly, there is no three-dimensional (3D) stereotaxic atlas of the mouse brain that provides whole brain coverage at macro to single-cell levels. Diffusion tensor images from five perfusion-fixed (in skull) specimens were acquired at 15 micrometers, the highest resolution ever reported. Diffusion tensor imaging yields multiple 3D volumes, each of which highlights unique cytoarchitecture. The averages were mapped into micro–computed tomography of the mouse skull to create external landmarks (bregma and lambda). Light sheet images of the same brains were coregistered, providing cell maps in the same stereotaxic space. The Allen Reference Atlas was registered to the volume to correct the geometric distortion in that atlas and bring it into the stereotaxic space. The resulting multiscalar (13 terabytes) atlas provides a common spatial framework to anneal data across molecular, structural, and functional studies of mice.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Harrison Mansour and Ryan Azrak and James J. Cook and Kathryn J. Hornburg and Yi Qi and Yuqi Tian and Robert W. Williams and Fang-Cheng Yeh and Leonard E. White and G. Allan Johnson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8089}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadq8089}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The duke mouse brain atlas: MRI and light sheet microscopy stereotaxic atlas of the mouse brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coexposure to extreme heat, wildfire burn zones, and wildfire smoke in the western US from 2006 to 2020. SCIADV, 11(18), eadq6453. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change drives three heat-related hazards: extreme heat (EH), wildfire burn zones (WFBZs), and wildfire smoke (WFS). Using daily census tract–level data from 2006 to 2020, we investigated when, where, and whom these hazards coexposed in 11 Western US states. Among 18,106 tracts, at least one hazard occurred an average of 32 days (581,867 tract-days) annually. EH-WFS coexposure increased over the study period and was the most frequent coexposure (annual average of 38,218 tract-days). EH-WFS–affected regions varied year to year. WFBZ-involved coexposures were spatially confined and did not increase over time. On average, the most tract-days of EH-WFBZ-WFS coexposure took place in California, Arizona, and Oregon. Among census tracts most exposed to EH-WFBZ-WFS, populations disproportionately consisted of people of older age, with disabilities, and living in poverty. American Indian and Alaska Native individuals disproportionately faced all coexposures. As climate change accelerates, tracking coexposure to multiple hazards can help target resources to protect health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jie K. Hu and Ana Trišović and Ankita Bakshi and Danielle Braun and Francesca Dominici and Joan A. Casey}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6453}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadq6453}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coexposure to extreme heat, wildfire burn zones, and wildfire smoke in the western US from 2006 to 2020}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genomic evidence for behavioral adaptation of herding dogs. SCIADV, 11(18), eadp4591. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Herding dogs exhibit a distinct constellation of behaviors marked by inherent instinct and motor skills that manipulate and guide livestock in response to instructive commands and cues. Comparison of the whole-genome sequences of herding and nonherding breeds reveals signatures of positive selection associated with pathways underlying social interaction and cognitive functions. Of the strong selective sweep signals, haplotypes within ephrin type-B receptor 1 ( EPHB1 ), which is linked to locomotor hyperactivity and spatial memory, show evidence of segregation within breed lineages for the conformation versus working lines of border collies and introgression with a genetically and geographically distant herding breed of Entlebucher mountain dogs. We show that a working line–specific haplotype of EPHB1 is associated with elevated levels of chase-bite motor patterns based on a well-validated behavior survey. These findings indicate that functional selection has shaped the genetic architecture of herding breeds, which may relate to their proficiency in addressing diverse tasks and challenges in maintaining control over the herd.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hankyeol Jeong and Elaine A. Ostrander and Jaemin Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4591}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {18}, pages = {eadp4591}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genomic evidence for behavioral adaptation of herding dogs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Regulation of tumor immune suppression and cancer cell survival by CXCL1/2 elevation in glioblastoma multiforme” by j. hu et al.. SCIADV, 11(17), eadx9887. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Regulation of tumor immune suppression and cancer cell survival by CXCL1/2 elevation in glioblastoma multiforme” by J. Hu et al. contained an error in Fig. 3. The authors thank anonymous PubPeer comments for alerting them to this issue.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9887}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadx9887}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Regulation of tumor immune suppression and cancer cell survival by CXCL1/2 elevation in glioblastoma multiforme” by j. hu et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Multivalent supramolecular fluorescent probes for accurate disease imaging” by q. wu et al.. SCIADV, 11(17), eadx9431. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Multivalent supramolecular fluorescent probes for accurate disease imaging” by Q. Wu et al. contained errors in two main text figures and one supplemental figure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9431}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadx9431}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Multivalent supramolecular fluorescent probes for accurate disease imaging” by q. wu et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Protecting centrosomes from fracturing enables efficient cell navigation. SCIADV, 11(17), eadx4047. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The centrosome is a microtubule orchestrator, nucleating and anchoring microtubules that grow radially and exert forces on cargos. At the same time, mechanical stresses from the microenvironment and cellular shape changes compress and bend microtubules. Yet, centrosomes are membraneless organelles, raising the question of how centrosomes withstand mechanical forces. Here, we discover that centrosomes can deform and even fracture. We reveal that centrosomes experience deformations during navigational pathfinding within motile cells. Coherence of the centrosome is maintained by Dyrk3 and cNAP1, preventing fracturing by forces. While cells can compensate for the depletion of centriolar-based centrosomes, the fracturing of centrosomes impedes cellular function by generating coexisting microtubule organizing centers that compete during path navigation and thereby cause cellular entanglement in the microenvironment. Our findings show that cells actively maintain the integrity of the centrosome to withstand mechanical forces. These results suggest that centrosome stability preservation is fundamental, given that almost all cells in multicellular organisms experience forces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Madeleine T. Schmitt and Janina Kroll and Mauricio J. A. Ruiz-Fernandez and Robert Hauschild and Shaunak Ghosh and Petra Kameritsch and Jack Merrin and Johanna Schmid and Kasia Stefanowski and Andreas W. Thomae and Jingyuan Cheng and Gamze Naz Öztan and Peter Konopka and Germán Camargo Ortega and Thomas Penz and Luisa Bach and Dirk Baumjohann and Christoph Bock and Tobias Straub and Felix Meissner and Eva Kiermaier and Jörg Renkawitz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx4047}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadx4047}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Protecting centrosomes from fracturing enables efficient cell navigation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intratumoral self-assembly of renal-clearable gold nanoparticles as precise photothermal nanomedicine for liver tumor therapy. SCIADV, 11(17), eadw7032. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Noninvasive photothermal therapy (PTT) for cancer with photothermal agents (PTAs) has recently achieved success in both preclinical and clinical trials. However, traditional PTAs tend to nonspecifically accumulate in normal liver tissue, hampering their use in PTT of liver tumors. By taking advantage of extremely low liver accumulation from ultrasmall renal-clearable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), we report a biosafe therapeutic PTT strategy to treat liver tumors precisely through the intratumoral self-assembly of renal-clearable AuNPs at the tumor site via host-guest interactions. After active tumor targeting from the host AuNPs functionalized with both cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp- d -Phe-Cys) and cyclodextrin, the guest AuNPs functionalized with both pH-responsive doxorubicin and adamantane are designed to precisely trigger intratumoral self-assembly, enhancing both PTT and chemotherapy toward the liver tumor microenvironment. This smart design principle generates a precise therapeutic action toward liver tumors without causing any noticeable heating effect or damage to the surrounding normal liver tissue.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gangqiang Yuan and Xiaoxi Luo and Kui He and Yue Tan and Caiming Luo and Ben Liu and Yidan Sun and Jinbin Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw7032}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadw7032}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intratumoral self-assembly of renal-clearable gold nanoparticles as precise photothermal nanomedicine for liver tumor therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Conformational plasticity of mitochondrial VDAC2 controls the kinetics of its interaction with cytosolic proteins. SCIADV, 11(17), eadv4410. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a key conduit of the mitochondrial outer membrane for water-soluble metabolites and ions. Among the three mammalian isoforms, VDAC2 is unique because of its embryonic lethality upon knockout. Using single-molecule electrophysiology, we investigate the biophysical properties that distinguish VDAC2 from VDAC1 and VDAC3. Unlike the latter, VDAC2 exhibits dynamic switching between multiple high-conductance, anion-selective substates. Using α-synuclein (αSyn)—a known VDAC1 cytosolic regulator—we found that higher-conductance substates correlate with increased on-rates of αSyn-VDAC2 interaction but shorter blockage times, maintaining a consistent equilibrium constant across all substates. This suggests that αSyn detects VDAC2’s dynamic structural variations before final binding. We explored the dependence of VDAC2’s unique amino-terminal extension and cysteines on substate behavior, finding that both structural elements modulate substate occurrence. The discovered conformational flexibility enables VDAC2 recognition by diverse binding partners, explaining its critical physiological role via dynamical adaptation to mitochondrial metabolic conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William M. Rosencrans and Harisankar Khuntia and Motahareh Ghahari Larimi and Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi and Tsyr-Yan Yu and Sergey M. Bezrukov and Tatiana K. Rostovtseva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4410}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadv4410}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Conformational plasticity of mitochondrial VDAC2 controls the kinetics of its interaction with cytosolic proteins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Recombination of agricultural residues into moldable composites. SCIADV, 11(17), eadv3533. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increasing efforts have been devoted to developing biobased and biodegradable plastics and composites from lignocellulosic biomass. Current bioplastic production entails multiple challenging steps including monomer production from biomass as well as polymer synthesis and modification. Here, we report a practical recombination strategy to transform agricultural residues into moldable cellulose-reinforced lignin (CRL) composites. The strategy involves deconstruction of biomass particles followed by thermo-compression molding of cellulose fibers and lignin mixtures. The resulting CRL composites demonstrated excellent mechanical and thermal properties as well as water, abrasive, and flame resistance. Mechanistic studies reveal that small particle size, removal of water-soluble fractions, as well as reservation of lignin and its cross-linking reactivity have considerably positive effects on preparation of high-quality composite items. These insights offer a versatile strategy for transforming various types of low-grade biomass, such as corn stover, into eco-friendly and potentially biodegradable or compostable composites that can serve as sustainable alternatives to traditional duroplast materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenggang Gong and Xianggang Weng and Deli Wu and Zhendong Lei and Guangxu Yang and Li Shuai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3533}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadv3533}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Recombination of agricultural residues into moldable composites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deconvoluting TCR-dependent and -independent activation is vital for reliable ag-specific CD4+ t cell characterization by AIM assay. SCIADV, 11(17), eadv3491. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Activation-induced marker (AIM) assays identify antigen (Ag)–specific T cells, but recent studies revealed AIM + T helper cell 17 (T H 17)–like (CCR6 + ) and circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh) were not associated with peptide/HLA tetramer staining. We show that CD39 + regulatory T cell (T reg )–like and CD26 hi T H 22–like cells undergo T cell receptor (TCR)–independent activation by cytokines during Ag stimulation, leading to nonspecific up-regulation of AIM readouts. Transcriptional analysis enabled discrimination of bona fide Ag-specific T cells from cytokine-activated T reg and T H 22 cells. CXCR4 down-regulation emerged as a hallmark of clonotypic expansion and TCR-dependent activation in memory CD4 + T cells and cTfh. By tracking tetramer-binding cells upon Ag restimulation, we demonstrated that CXCR4−CD137 + cells provided a more accurate measure of Ag-specificity than standard AIM readouts. This modified assay excluded the predominantly CCR6 + cytokine-activated T cells that contributed to an average 12-fold overestimation of the Ag-specific population. Our findings provide an accurate approach to characterize genuine Ag-specific T cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ming Z. M. Zheng and Lauren Burmas and Hyon-Xhi Tan and Mai-Chi Trieu and Hyun Jae Lee and Daniel Rawlinson and Ashraful Haque and Stephen J. Kent and Adam K. Wheatley and Jennifer A. Juno}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv3491}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadv3491}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deconvoluting TCR-dependent and -independent activation is vital for reliable ag-specific CD4+ t cell characterization by AIM assay}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Encoding mechanical intelligence using ultraprogrammable joints. SCIADV, 11(17), eadv2052. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Animal bodies act as physical controllers, with their finely tuned passive mechanical responses physically “encoding” complex movements and environmental interactions. This capability allows animals to perform challenging tasks with minimal muscular or neural activities, a phenomenon known as embodied intelligence. However, realizing such robots remains challenging due to the lack of mechanically intelligent bodies with abundant tunable parameters—such as tunable stiffness—which is a critical factor akin to the programmable parameters of a neural network. We introduce an elastic rolling cam (ERC) with accurately inverse-designable rotational stiffness. The ERC can closely replicate 100,000 randomly generated stiffness profiles in simulation. Prototypes ranging from millimeters to centimeters were manufactured. To illustrate the mechanical intelligence encoded by programming the ERC’s stiffness response, we designed a bipedal robot with optimized ERC passive knees, achieving energy-efficient, open-loop stable walking across uneven terrain. We also demonstrated a quadcopter drone with ERC joints encoding an impact-activated, dual-state morphing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Wu and Luca Girardi and Stefano Mintchev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2052}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadv2052}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Encoding mechanical intelligence using ultraprogrammable joints}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemical synthesis elucidates the absolute configuration and key antigenic epitope of vibrio cholerae serotype o100 O-antigen. SCIADV, 11(17), eadv0571. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The emergence of drug-resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae , coupled with the current limitations of oral vaccines, underscores the urgent need for the development of new vaccines. The O-antigen of V. cholerae serotype O100 has emerged as a promising candidate for vaccine development. To investigate the absolute configuration of 3,5-dihydroxyhexanoyl (dHh) and to evaluate the structure-activity relationship of the O-antigen trisaccharide repeating unit, we completed total synthesis of four potential trisaccharide isomers, along with 11 additional oligosaccharide fragments of the O-antigen. Stereoselective reduction was used for the synthesis of dHh, and the efficient assembly of dHh and ( R )-3-hydroxybutanoyl ( R Hb) was achieved through a post-glycosylation modification strategy. Through NMR analysis, the absolute configuration of dHh was assigned 3 S ,5 S . Glycan microarray screening indicated that R Hb is essential for the antigenicity of O-antigen. The nonreducing end disaccharide 59 may serve as the minimal antigenic epitope. These findings are an important step toward the design of semi-synthetic carbohydrate vaccines against V. cholerae .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guodong Chen and Guangzong Tian and Jing Hu and Chunjun Qin and Xiaopeng Zou and Juntao Cai and Guochao Lv and Weixin Gao and Peter H. Seeberger and Jian Yin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0571}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadv0571}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemical synthesis elucidates the absolute configuration and key antigenic epitope of vibrio cholerae serotype o100 O-antigen}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Growth rate controls the sensitivity of gene regulatory circuits. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu9279. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbes adapt to their environments using gene regulatory switches that sense environmental signals and induce target genes in response. Mathematical modeling predicts that, because growth rate sets the intracellular dilution rate, the sensitivity of regulatory switches to chemical cues systematically decreases with growth rate. We experimentally validate that the concentration of inducer required to activate E. coli ’s lac operon increases quadratically with growth rate when varying nutrients but is invariant when varying growth rate through translation inhibition. We further establish that this growth-coupled sensitivity (GCS) allows bacteria to implement concentration-dependent sugar preferences, in which a new carbon source is used only if its concentration is sufficient to improve upon the current growth rate. Using microfluidics in combination with time-lapse microscopy, we validate this prediction at the single-cell level using mixtures of glucose and lactose. Overall, GCS causes cells to automatically become more sensitive to environmental signals when their growth rate decreases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas Julou and Théo Gervais and Daan de Groot and Erik van Nimwegen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9279}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu9279}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Growth rate controls the sensitivity of gene regulatory circuits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Conserved sites on the influenza h1 and h3 hemagglutinin recognized by human antibodies. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu9140. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) can be used as prophylactics or templates for next-generation vaccines. Here, we isolated broad, subtype-neutralizing mAbs from human B cells recognizing the H1 or H3 HA “head” and a mAb engaging the conserved stem. The H1 mAbs bind the lateral patch epitope on HAs from 1933 to 2021 and a prepandemic swine H1N1 virus. We improved neutralization potency using directed evolution toward a contemporary H1 HA. Deep mutational scanning of four antigenically distinct H1N1 viruses identified potential viral escape pathways. For the H3 mAbs, we used cryo–electron microscopy to define their epitopes: One mAb binds the side of the HA head, accommodating the N133 glycan and a pocket underneath the receptor binding site; the other mAb recognizes an HA stem epitope that partially overlaps with previously characterized mAbs but with distinct antibody variable genes. Collectively, these mAbs identify conserved sites recognized by broadly-reactive mAbs that may be elicited by next-generation vaccines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel P. Maurer and Mya Vu and Ana Sofia Ferreira Ramos and Haley L. Dugan and Paul Khalife and James C. Geoghegan and Laura M. Walker and Goran Bajic and Aaron G. Schmidt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9140}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu9140}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Conserved sites on the influenza h1 and h3 hemagglutinin recognized by human antibodies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural dissection of ergosterol metabolism reveals a pathway optimized for membrane phase separation. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu7190. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sterols are among the most abundant lipids in eukaryotic cells yet are synthesized through notoriously long metabolic pathways. It has been proposed that the molecular evolution of such pathways must have required each step to increase the capacity of its product to condense and order phospholipids. Here, we carry out a systematic analysis of the ergosterol pathway that leverages the yeast vacuole’s capacity to phase separate into ordered membrane domains. In the post-synthetic steps specific to ergosterol biosynthesis, we find that successive modifications act to oscillate ordering capacity, settling on a level that supports phase separation while retaining fluidity of the resulting domains. Simulations carried out with each intermediate showed how conformers in the sterol’s alkyl tail are capable of modulating long-range ordering of phospholipids, which could underlie changes in phase behavior. Our results indicate that the complexity of sterol metabolism could have resulted from the need to balance lipid interactions required for membrane organization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Israel Juarez-Contreras and Laura J. S. Lopes and Jamie Holt and Lorena Yu-Liao and Katherine O’Shea and Jose Ruiz-Ruiz and Alexander Sodt and Itay Budin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7190}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu7190}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural dissection of ergosterol metabolism reveals a pathway optimized for membrane phase separation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Input-driven dynamics for robust memory retrieval in hopfield networks. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu6991. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Hopfield model provides a mathematical framework for understanding the mechanisms of memory storage and retrieval in the human brain. This model has inspired decades of research on learning and retrieval dynamics, capacity estimates, and sequential transitions among memories. Notably, the role of external inputs has been largely underexplored, from their effects on neural dynamics to how they facilitate effective memory retrieval. To bridge this gap, we propose a dynamical system framework in which the external input directly influences the neural synapses and shapes the energy landscape of the Hopfield model. This plasticity-based mechanism provides a clear energetic interpretation of the memory retrieval process and proves effective at correctly classifying mixed inputs. Furthermore, we integrate this model within the framework of modern Hopfield architectures to elucidate how current and past information are combined during the retrieval process. Last, we embed both the classic and the proposed model in an environment disrupted by noise and compare their robustness during memory retrieval.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Simone Betteti and Giacomo Baggio and Francesco Bullo and Sandro Zampieri}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6991}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu6991}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Input-driven dynamics for robust memory retrieval in hopfield networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic protonation of ligand sites in molecular catalysts enhances electrochemical CO2 reduction. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu6915. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Molecular catalysts with functional group decorations are promising for electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction to produce valuable chemicals and fuels. Using nickel phthalocyanine derivatives with cyano, methoxy, and dimethylamino groups, this study unveils why decorating molecular catalysts with either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups can enhance their activity. Notably, the dimethylamino group–decorated catalyst demonstrated stable and nearly 100% CO 2 -to-CO reduction selectivity over a wide potential range and high CO partial current densities up to 300 milliamperes per square centimeter. Theoretical and in situ spectroscopic analyses revealed the critical role of dynamic protonation of ligand sites in activating the metal center, which can be facilitated by the decoration of electron-withdrawing groups. Conversely, electron-donating groups, although requiring higher energy for protonation, enhance the synergy between metal centers and protonated sites, favoring the formation of key *COOH intermediates and improving CO selectivity at higher bias. This study underscores the importance of dynamic protonation of ligand sites in optimizing functionalized molecular catalysts for enhanced CO 2 RR activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Libo Sun and Tan Su and Adrian C. Fisher and Jieqiong Shan and Wei Chen and Hua Zhang and Xin Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6915}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu6915}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic protonation of ligand sites in molecular catalysts enhances electrochemical CO2 reduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Magnetically driven triboelectric nanogenerator for a wireless, versatile energy transfer system. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu5919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The development of stable and multifunctional monitoring or actuating systems for implantable biomedical devices necessitates a high-capacity power supply. By using the oscillation of a magnetic field, energy can be transmitted through various media such as skin, fat, liquids, metals, and fabrics. We demonstrate a magnetically actuated implantable triboelectric generator that can effectively transfer energy independently of the surrounding media. The oscillation of the magnetic field enables contact of elastomeric magnets with the top and bottom electrodes of the generator, generating a path for electrical energy through contact electrification. The performance of the magnetically actuated triboelectric generator exhibits high tolerability for lateral and angular misalignment, transferring energy through different media including tissue, liquid, air, wood, metal, and fabrics. This addresses a critical issue present in ultrasound approaches. These findings suggest that a magnetically actuated triboelectric generator can be an alternative technology capable of overcoming the medium-related challenges of ultrasound, providing power to medical implants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junyeop Kim and Jeongmin Yoo and Hantae Seo and Raudel Avila and Gooyoon Chung and Gyuri Shin and Sujeong Gwak and Yongbin Han and Ju-Hyuck Lee and Hong-Joon Yoon and Yoonseok Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu5919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Magnetically driven triboelectric nanogenerator for a wireless, versatile energy transfer system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 3D bioprinting of collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds for engineering fully biologic tissue systems. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu5905. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organ-on-a-chip and microfluidic systems have improved the translational relevance of in vitro systems; however, current manufacturing approaches impart limitations on materials selection, non-native mechanical properties, geometric complexity, and cell-driven remodeling into functional tissues. Here, we three-dimensionally (3D) bioprint extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells into collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds (CHIPS) that integrate with a vascular and perfusion organ-on-a-chip reactor (VAPOR) to form a complete tissue engineering platform. We improve the fidelity of freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting to produce a range of CHIPS designs fabricated in a one-step process. CHIPS exhibit size-dependent permeability of perfused molecules into the surrounding scaffold to support cell viability and migration. Lastly, we implemented multi-material bioprinting to control 3D spatial patterning, ECM composition, cellularization, and material properties to create a glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting pancreatic-like CHIPS with vascular endothelial cadherin + vascular-like networks. Together, CHIPS and VAPOR form a platform technology toward engineering full organ-scale function for disease modeling and cell replacement therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel J. Shiwarski and Andrew R. Hudson and Joshua W. Tashman and Ezgi Bakirci and Samuel Moss and Brian D. Coffin and Adam W. Feinberg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5905}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu5905}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {3D bioprinting of collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds for engineering fully biologic tissue systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dissipation-induced superradiant transition in a strontium cavity-QED system. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu5799. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Driven-dissipative many-body systems are ubiquitous in nature and a fundamental resource for quantum technologies. However, they are also complex and hard to model because they cannot be described by the standard tools in equilibrium statistical mechanics. Probing nonequilibrium critical phenomena in pristine setups can illuminate fresh perspectives on these systems. Here, we use an ensemble of cold 88 Sr atoms coupled to a driven high-finesse cavity to study the cooperative resonance fluorescence (CRF) model, a classic driven-dissipative model describing coherently driven dipoles superradiantly emitting light. We observe its nonequilibrium phase diagram characterized by a second-order phase transition. Below a critical drive strength, the atoms quickly reach the so-called superradiant steady state featuring a macroscopic dipole moment; above the critical point, the atoms undergo persistent Rabi-like oscillations. At longer times, spontaneous emission transforms the second-order transition into a discontinuous first-order transition. Our observations pave the way for harnessing robust entangled states and exploring boundary time crystals in driven-dissipative systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eric Yilun Song and Diego Barberena and Dylan J. Young and Edwin Chaparro and Anjun Chu and Sanaa Agarwal and Zhijing Niu and Jeremy T. Young and Ana Maria Rey and James K. Thompson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5799}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu5799}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dissipation-induced superradiant transition in a strontium cavity-QED system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neural representations of noncentral events during narrative encoding predict subsequent story ending originality. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu5251. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {On the basis of the confluence theories of creativity, creative ideation depends on forging links between existing memory traces. The synergy between memory and creative thought is well-established, but neural dynamics of memory integration for creativity are understudied. Here, we extended the traditional memory paradigm. Participants read, recalled narratives, and wrote endings. Computational linguistic analysis showed that those integrating more noncentral events—those less semantically connected to other events within the narrative—wrote more original endings. Analyzing fMRI data captured during narrative encoding, we discovered that story ending originality can be predicted by shared event representation across participants in the right Brodmann area 25 (BA25) and stronger hippocampal event segmentation signal during noncentral event encoding. These results held across different narrative types (i.e., crime, romance, and fantasy stories). Overall, these results offer notable insights, from the perspective of network structure into how humans encode and retrieve complex real-world experiences to enhance creativity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueyang Wang and Wei Liu and Kaixiang Zhuang and Cheng Liu and Jingyi Zhang and Li Fan and Qunlin Chen and Jiang Qiu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5251}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu5251}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neural representations of noncentral events during narrative encoding predict subsequent story ending originality}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Directional sorting of exciton emissions from twisted WS2/WSe2 hetero-bilayers using self-coupled photonic crystal resonances. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu4968. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advances in two-dimensional semiconductor hetero-bilayers have revealed that the stacking angle between adjacent layers provides an additional degree of freedom to tune exciton states, enabling fascinating twist-angle–dependent photoluminescence. To control exciton emission properties, hetero-bilayers are usually integrated with photonic nanostructures, however, in which the contact interfaces can result in substantial luminescence suppression. To overcome this fundamental issue, we herein directly pattern photonic crystal (PhC) nanostructures in free-standing WS 2 /WSe 2 hetero-bilayers to avoid the involvement of contact interfaces. Such PhC nanostructured WS 2 /WSe 2 hetero-bilayers not only provide new exciton states but also offer guided mode resonances that can self-couple to excitons to enable light manipulation at the atomic thickness scale. Moreover, leveraging the unique momentum dispersion of guided mode resonances, exciton emissions are selectively excited and separated in the energy-momentum space. Our results may provide an important direction to unfold the prospects of emerging exciton states in the moiré heterostructures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuhua Chen and Meng Xia and Jiaxin Zhou and Yuefeng Wang and Di Huang and Xingwang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4968}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu4968}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Directional sorting of exciton emissions from twisted WS2/WSe2 hetero-bilayers using self-coupled photonic crystal resonances}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reprogrammable curved-straight origami: Multimorphability and volumetric tunability. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu4678. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Existing origami patterns can transform flat sheets into curved surfaces or be stacked into volumetric lattices with tunable properties. Their folded surfaces, however, cannot morph into other rigid states, and their three-dimensional (3D) tessellations allow stiffness tuning only through large size variations, causing abrupt shifts in stiffness and affecting other properties such as relative density. These limitations hinder their use as reprogrammable structural materials in real-life applications. Here, we introduce a reprogrammable origami integrating curved and straight bistable creases to address both challenges: attaining rigidity while allowing reversible remorphability into numerous load-bearing shapes and generating 3D curved-plate lattices, delivering in a prescribed configuration of fixed dimensions continuously tunable elastic moduli spanning two orders of magnitude. Leveraging curved origami theories, differential geometry, paperboard models, and experiments, we construct the folded pattern, formulate its geometric mechanics, and quantify its mechanical performance. Our approach provides a versatile platform for multifunctional metamaterials, enabling adaptive and resilient materials in aerospace, biomechanics, and soft robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Morad Mirzajanzadeh and Damiano Pasini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4678}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu4678}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reprogrammable curved-straight origami: Multimorphability and volumetric tunability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomimetic rigid-soft finger design for highly dexterous and adaptive robotic hands. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu2018. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In dexterous robotic hand design, achieving high mobility and adaptability comparable to human hands remains an ongoing challenge. Biomimetic designs mimicking the musculoskeletal structure have shown promise yet face difficulties in preserving key kinematic and mechanical principles while reducing system complexity. Here, we present a biomimetic finger design that preserves these principles through coordinated rigid-soft interplay, achieving structural and control simplicity for constructing dexterous robotic hands. Our design distills complex anatomical structures into skeletal mechanisms with regular geometrics, strategically deployed soft ligaments, and elastic tendon actuation, enabling controllable multi–degree-of-freedom dexterity while providing resilience and compliance. We establish mathematical models to analyze finger kinematics, rigid-soft interplay principles, and controllable actuation. Building on these models, we integrate biomimetic fingers with a thumb to develop an anthropomorphic robotic hand. Our robotic hand experimentally demonstrates remarkable dexterity and versatility across various tasks, including piano playing, power and pinch grasping, and in-hand manipulation, confirming the design effectiveness.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ningbin Zhang and Peiwei Zhou and Xinyu Yang and Fengjie Shen and Jieji Ren and Tengyu Hou and Le Dong and Rong Bian and Dong Wang and Guoying Gu and Xiangyang Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2018}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu2018}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomimetic rigid-soft finger design for highly dexterous and adaptive robotic hands}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient on-chip platform for coherent light-matter coupling using bound states in the continuum. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu0976. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Storing and retrieving photonic qubits are key functionalities in future optical quantum networks, and integrating scalable optical-memory units is crucial as these networks expand. However, attempts to combine silicon photonics and erbium ions for telecom memories, without losing the scalable and low-loss properties of silicon chips, face challenges because of limited light-matter interactions and potential extra decoherence. Here, we present an efficient silicon-chip platform using bound states in the continuum to overcome these limitations. In addition to a low propagation loss of 0.5 ± 0.5 decibels per centimeter, our experiments demonstrate an order-of-magnitude enhancement in light absorption compared to previous traditional silicon hybrid designs. Using these properties, we demonstrated photon echoes in our waveguide structures, revealing a coherence time of 2.6 ± 0.6 microseconds at zero magnetic field, closely matching that of bulk crystals. These characteristics make the bound state in the continuum platform a promising candidate for realizing integrated optical memories for quantum network applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pai Zhou and Hui-Zhen Zhang and Tingmei Li and Zhong-Shan Zhang and Yu-Hui Chen and Xiangdong Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0976}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu0976}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient on-chip platform for coherent light-matter coupling using bound states in the continuum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acute BRCAness induction and AR pathway blockage through CDK12/7/9 degradation enhances PARP inhibitor sensitivity in prostate cancer. SCIADV, 11(17), eadu0847. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current treatments for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) primarily target the androgen receptor (AR) pathway. However, the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and resistance to AR pathway inhibitors (APPIs) remains ongoing challenges. Here, we present BSJ-5-63, a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) targeting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) CDK12, CDK7, and CDK9, offering a multipronged approach to CRPC therapy. BSJ-5-63 degrades CDK12, diminishing BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression and inducing a sustained “BRCAness” state. This sensitizes cancer cells to PARP inhibitors (PARPis) regardless of their homologous recombination repair (HRR) status. Furthermore, CDK7 and CDK9 degradation attenuates AR signaling, enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical studies, including both in vitro and in vivo CRPC models, demonstrate that BSJ-5-63 exerts potent antitumor activity in both AR-positive and AR-negative setting. This study introduces BSJ-5-63 as a promising therapeutic agent that addresses both DNA repair and AR signaling mechanisms, with potential benefits for a board patient population.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fu Gui and Baishan Jiang and Jie Jiang and Zhixiang He and Takuya Tsujino and Tomoaki Takai and Seiji Arai and Celine Pana and Jens Köllermann and Gary Andrew Bradshaw and Robyn Eisert and Marian Kalocsay and Anne Fassl and Steven P. Balk and Adam S. Kibel and Li Jia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0847}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadu0847}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acute BRCAness induction and AR pathway blockage through CDK12/7/9 degradation enhances PARP inhibitor sensitivity in prostate cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synchronized temporal-spatial analysis via microscopy and phosphoproteomics (STAMP) of quiescence. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt9712. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coordinated cell cycle regulation is essential for homeostasis, with most cells in the body residing in quiescence (G 0 ). Many pathologies arise due to disruptions in tissue-specific G 0 , yet little is known about the temporal-spatial mechanisms that establish G 0 and its signaling hub, primary cilia. Mechanistic insight is limited by asynchronous model systems and failure to connect context-specific, transient mechanisms to function. To address this gap, we developed STAMP (synchronized temporal-spatial analysis via microscopy and phosphoproteomics) to track changes in cellular landscape occurring throughout G 0 transition and ciliogenesis. We synchronized ciliogenesis and G 0 transition in two cell models and combined microscopy with phosphoproteomics to order signals for further targeted analyses. We propose that STAMP is broadly applicable for studying temporal-spatial signaling in many biological contexts. The findings revealed through STAMP provide critical insight into healthy cellular functions often disrupted in pathologies, paving the way for targeted therapeutics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mohammad Ovais Azizzanjani and Rachel E. Turn and Anushweta Asthana and Karen Y. Linde-Garelli and Lucy Artemis Xu and Leilani E. Labrie and Mohammadamin Mobedi and Peter K. Jackson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9712}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt9712}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synchronized temporal-spatial analysis via microscopy and phosphoproteomics (STAMP) of quiescence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A molecularly defined mPFC-BLA circuit specifically regulates social novelty preference. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt9008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Social novelty preference is an important aspect of social interaction for evaluating new threats and opportunities for survival, but the underlying neuronal mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identify a molecularly defined medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) excitatory neuron subtype, located in layer 5 expressing Il1rapl2 , which is highly associated with social deficit disorders in genome-wide association studies and might be responsible for regulating social novelty preference. Using an Il1rapl2 -Cre mouse line, we show that chemogenetic activation of the mPFC Il1rapl2 -expressing neurons impairs social novelty preference but with little effect on sociability. In addition, fiber photometry recording indicates that this neuron subtype is inhibited when mice interact with novel but not with familiar mice. Furthermore, viral tracing and terminal manipulation reveal that basolateral amygdala (BLA)–projecting Il1rapl2 + neurons mediate the social novelty preference. Thus, our study uncovers a molecularly defined mPFC-BLA circuit that specifically regulates social novelty preference, highlighting that specific neuron subtypes and circuits could modulate distinct aspects of social behaviors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiqiong Liu and Ying Wang and Guoguang Xie and Qianying Yang and Aritra Bhattacherjee and Chao Zhang and Yi Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt9008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A molecularly defined mPFC-BLA circuit specifically regulates social novelty preference}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The seasonal temperature conundrum for the holocene. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt8950. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Temperature is the key variable in the study of climate changes in the past and future. Most previous studies on past temperature reconstructions, however, have focused on the mean annual temperature (MAT). Here, focusing on the seasonal temperature reconstructions in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics during the Holocene period, we show that the change in seasonal cycle of temperature reconstructions is severely underestimated in comparison with the expectation from present observations. Our study highlights the current uncertainty in seasonal temperature reconstructions in the Holocene, with an implication that the MAT simulation in current climate models may not be much biased.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhengyu Liu and Jun Cheng and Yukun Zheng and Wenchao Zhang and Hongyan Liu and Haibin Wu and Jiang Zhu and Shucheng Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8950}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt8950}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The seasonal temperature conundrum for the holocene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure-based discovery of highly bioavailable, covalent, broad-spectrum coronavirus MPro inhibitors with potent in vivo efficacy. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt7836. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The main protease (M Pro ) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a validated drug target. Starting with a lead-like dihydrouracil chemotype identified in a large-library docking campaign, we improved M Pro inhibition >1000-fold by engaging additional M Pro subsites and using a latent electrophile to engage Cys 145 . Advanced leads from this series show pan-coronavirus antiviral activity, low clearance in mice, and for AVI-4773 , a rapid reduction in viral titers >1,000,000 after just three doses. Both compounds are well distributed in mouse tissues, including brain, where concentrations >1000× the 90% effective concentration are observed 8 hours after oral dosing for AVI-4773 . AVI-4516 shows minimal inhibition of major cytochrome P450s and human proteases. AVI-4516 also exhibits synergy with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, molnupiravir, in cellular infection models. Related analogs strongly inhibit nirmatrelvir-resistant M Pro mutant virus. The properties of this chemotype are differentiated from existing clinical and preclinical M Pro inhibitors and will advance therapeutic development against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and other coronaviruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tyler C. Detomasi and Gilles Degotte and Sijie Huang and Rahul K. Suryawanshi and Amy Diallo and Luca Lizzadro and Francisco J. Zaptero-Belinchón and Taha Y. Taha and Jiapeng Li and Alicia L. Richards and Eric R. Hantz and Zain Alam and Mauricio Montano and Maria McCavitt-Malvido and Rajesh Gumpena and James R. Partridge and Galen J. Correy and Yusuke Matsui and Annemarie F. Charvat and Isabella S. Glenn and Julia Rosecrans and Jezrael L. Revalde and Dashiell Anderson and Judd F. Hultquist and Michelle R. Arkin and R. Jeffrey Neitz and Danielle L. Swaney and Nevan J. Krogan and Brian K. Shoichet and Kliment A. Verba and Melanie Ott and Adam R. Renslo and Charles S. Craik}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7836}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt7836}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure-based discovery of highly bioavailable, covalent, broad-spectrum coronavirus MPro inhibitors with potent in vivo efficacy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A wearable tool for real-time dose monitoring during cancer radiation therapies. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt7633. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We report on a wearable, human tissue-equivalent, real-time dosimeter designed to quantitatively monitor radiation absorbed by patients during cancer treatments. The fully organic device has been characterized under actual clinical conditions using a high-energy proton beam and an anthropomorphic phantom, with the aim to simulate a prostate cancer proton therapy treatment. We achieved a full control over the dosimeter operation, and we verified its linear response with the received dose. We demonstrate that, by a proper functionalization of the polysiloxane-based scintillator, it is possible to target the effective detection of different kinds of ionizing radiation. Specifically, besides protons, we develop a device able to detect thermal neutrons, targeting its use during Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. This work demonstrates how organic indirect detectors can be considered a universal radiation detecting platform able to monitor in real time and in situ the dose absorbed by patients during cancer treatments under different kinds of radiation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ilaria Fratelli and Sara M. Carturan and Francesco Tommasino and Laura Basiricò and Felix Pino and Antonio Valletta and Marcello Campajola and Matteo Rapisarda and Sabrina Calvi and Mattia Scagliotti and Andrea Ciavatti and Luca Tortora and Enrico Verroi and Jessica C. Delgado and Lorenzo Margotti and Camilla Bordoni and Giulia Napolitano and Sandra Moretto and Alberto Aloisio and Ettore Sarnelli and Paolo Branchini and Luigi Mariucci and Alberto Quaranta and Beatrice Fraboni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7633}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt7633}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A wearable tool for real-time dose monitoring during cancer radiation therapies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanoseed-based physically unclonable function for on-demand encryption. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt7527. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A physically unclonable function (PUF) is a promising hardware-based cryptographic primitive to prevent confidential information leakage. However, conventional techniques, such as weak and strong PUFs, have limitations in overcoming the trade-off between security and storage volume. This study introduces nanoseed-based PUFs that overcome the drawbacks of conventional PUFs using optical and electrical randomness originated from nanoseeds and a unique on-demand cryptographic algorithm. Ideally mixed PbS quantum dots and Ag nanocrystals in the same medium are exploited as nanoseeds to simultaneously promote independent optical and electrical randomness. The number of secured keys that can be generated on-demand by combining the optical and electrical features in parallel using shuffling method is almost infinite (>10 58741 per square millimeter). The proposed PUF achieves a near-ideal Hamming distance in uniqueness and randomness tests, validating its cryptographic efficacy. Last, storage-free and on-demand PUF with the shuffling method are demonstrated using smartphones, realizing manufacturer-/user-friendly cryptography system.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junhyuk Ahn and Taesung Park and Taewoo Kang and Seong-Gyun Im and Hanseok Seo and Bong-Hoon Kim and Seok Joon Kwon and Soong Ju Oh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7527}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt7527}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanoseed-based physically unclonable function for on-demand encryption}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stabilization toward air and structure determination of pyrophoric ZnR2 compounds via supramolecular encapsulation. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt7372. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dialkylzincs (ZnR 2 , R = Me or Et) are widely used reagents in organic synthesis and materials chemistry. However, at standard conditions, they exist as pyrophoric liquids reacting violently with water and dioxygen, thus being dangerous and difficult to use in daily laboratory work. Here, we show that these zinc dialkyls can be efficiently stabilized toward air by supramolecular encapsulation within a host system based on heteroleptic alkylzinc complexes. The noncovalent immobilization of ZnR 2 molecules within the resultant crystalline networks allows their structural characterization in a new confined environment. The great potential of the reported assemblies is demonstrated by efficient separation of ZnMe 2 from a mixture of ZnMe 2 /ZnEt 2 . The reported approach paves the way for original supramolecular systems for capture, stabilization, and storage of dangerous reagents.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kamil Sokołowski and Iwona Justyniak and Michał Terlecki and David Fairen-Jimenez and Wojciech Bury and Krzysztof Budny-Godlewski and Jan Nawrocki and Marek Kościelski and Janusz Lewiński}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7372}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt7372}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stabilization toward air and structure determination of pyrophoric ZnR2 compounds via supramolecular encapsulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Leidenfrost propulsion on symmetric textured surfaces via spontaneous symmetry breaking. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt6677. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Leidenfrost effect allows a gas film to form between a high-temperature substrate and a volatile liquid, resulting in a highly mobile drop. Previous research has shown that the surface texture needs to break the spatial symmetry to enable self-propulsion. Here, we demonstrate that spontaneous symmetry breaking in the gas-liquid flow above the texture generates substantial self-propulsion forces, driving drops on symmetric textured surfaces. Using a model of hydrodynamically coupled driven oscillators and computational fluid dynamic simulations, we show that drops are propelled by the pressure field of the vapor. We analyze the influence of drop size, temperature, and structural parameters of the substrate on the propulsion velocity. Furthermore, we observe similar self-propulsion in liquid nitrogen, ethanol, and liquid rings, indicating broad applicability. These findings highlight the importance of dynamic symmetry breaking of the gas-liquid interface in driving large-scale liquid motion and provide a potential path for efficient thermal-mechanical energy conversion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Songlin Shi and Chen Ma and Steffen Hardt and Cunjing Lv}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6677}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt6677}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Leidenfrost propulsion on symmetric textured surfaces via spontaneous symmetry breaking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reducing racial ingroup biases in empathy and altruistic decision-making by shifting racial identification. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt6207. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Findings of racial ingroup biases in empathy and social behaviors require understanding of relevant psychological and brain mechanisms. Using self-report, behavioral, and neuroimaging measures, we tested the hypothesis that racial identification provides a cognitive basis for racial ingroup biases in empathy and altruistic decision-making. We showed that a mask training procedure using other-race facial disguises altered self-face perception and promoted identification with the other race. Shift in racial identification modulated the medial prefrontal activity, increased electrophysiological responses to pain expressions of other-race faces, enhanced the right premotor/frontal/insular activities in response to perceived painful stimulation to other-race individuals, and decreased own-race favoritism in altruistic decision-making. Furthermore, the medial prefrontal activity related to the shift in racial identification predicted greater neural responses to other-race pain after the training procedure. Our findings highlight the shift of racial identification as a psychological basis for reducing racial ingroup biases in social emotions and behaviors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuting Mei and Yiwen Deng and Guo Zheng and Shihui Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6207}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt6207}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reducing racial ingroup biases in empathy and altruistic decision-making by shifting racial identification}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adipose-derived leptin and complement factor d mediate osteoarthritis severity and pain. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt5915. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Obesity is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), and leptin is among the adipokines implicated in obesity-induced OA. However, the specific role of leptin in OA severity and pain is not known. Using lipodystrophic (LD) mice, we show that fat-secreted factors are required for knee OA development, implicating a fat-cartilage cross-talk. Fat pad implantation or systemic leptin restoration in LD mice reintroduced structural OA and pain, whereas implantation of leptin-deficient fat pad did not change OA susceptibility. Isochronic parabiosis and spatial transcriptomics confirmed that a fat-joint cross-talk likely occurred via soluble mediators. Global unsupervised multiomics of conditioned media from fat implants revealed that leptin exerts a regulatory effect on adipsin (or complement factor D), the activity of which modulates the contrastive OA structural and pain phenotype. These findings suggest that adipokines influence OA pathogenesis, providing conclusive evidence of a fat-joint cross-talk and implicating OA as a systemic disease of adipose tissue.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kelsey H. Collins and Kristin L. Lenz and Hope D. Welhaven and Erica Ely and Luke E. Springer and Sophie Paradi and Ruhang Tang and Lauryn Braxton and Antonina Akk and Huimin Yan and Bo Zhang and Xiaobo Wu and John P. Atkinson and Arin K. Oestreich and Ron K. June and Christine T. N. Pham and Farshid Guilak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5915}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt5915}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adipose-derived leptin and complement factor d mediate osteoarthritis severity and pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). C. elegans transgenerational avoidance of p. fluorescens is mediated by the pfs1 sRNA and vab-1. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt3850. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In its natural habitat, Caenorhabditis elegans must distinguish friend from foe. Pseudomonas are abundant in the worm’s environment and can be nutritious or pathogenic. Previously, we found that worms learn to avoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas vranovensis through a small RNA (sRNA)–mediated pathway targeting the C. elegans gene maco-1 , and this behavior is inherited for four generations. Here, we show that C. elegans learns to transgenerationally avoid another pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens 15 (PF15). The PF15 sRNA, Pfs1, targets the VAB-1 ephrin receptor through 16 nt of perfect match, suggesting the evolution of a distinct bacterial sRNA/ C. elegans gene target pair. Knockdown of both maco-1 and vab-1 induce PF15 avoidance, and vab-1 loss reduces maco-1 expression, placing both genes in the sRNA-targeted pathogenic avoidance pathway. Thus, multiple genes in this avoidance pathway can act as targets for bacterial sRNAs, expanding the possibilities for evolution of trans-kingdom regulation of C. elegans behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Renee J. Seto and Rachel Brown and Rachel Kaletsky and Lance R. Parsons and Rebecca S. Moore and Julia M. Balch and Zemer Gitai and Coleen T. Murphy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3850}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt3850}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {C. elegans transgenerational avoidance of p. fluorescens is mediated by the pfs1 sRNA and vab-1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MAX inactivation deregulates the MYC network and induces neuroendocrine neoplasia in multiple tissues. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt3177. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The MYC transcription factor requires MAX for DNA binding and widespread activation of gene expression in both normal and neoplastic cells. Inactivating mutations in MAX are associated with a subset of neuroendocrine cancers including pheochromocytoma, pituitary adenoma, and small cell lung cancer. Neither the extent nor the mechanisms of MAX tumor suppression are well understood. Deleting Max across multiple mouse neuroendocrine tissues, we find that Max inactivation alone produces pituitary adenomas, while Max inactivation cooperates with Rb1 / Trp53 loss to accelerate medullary thyroid C cell and pituitary adenoma development. In the thyroid tumor cell lines, MAX loss triggers a marked shift in genomic occupancy by other members of the MYC network (MNT, MLX, MondoA) supporting metabolism, survival, and proliferation of neoplastic neuroendocrine cells. Our work reveals MAX as a broad suppressor of neuroendocrine tumorigenesis through its ability to maintain a balance of genomic occupancies among the diverse transcription factors in the MYC network.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brian Freie and Ali H. Ibrahim and Patrick A. Carroll and Roderick T. Bronson and Arnaud Augert and David MacPherson and Robert N. Eisenman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3177}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt3177}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MAX inactivation deregulates the MYC network and induces neuroendocrine neoplasia in multiple tissues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multidimensional multiplexing metalens for STED microscopy. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt2807. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is a versatile super-resolution imaging technique for life sciences and data storage. Despite continuous breakthroughs, modern STED microscopes are still relatively bulky and limited to laboratory setups. Here, we exploit the multidimensional multiplexing properties of metalenses and experimentally demonstrate the realization of a compact STED lens with a single metasurface. A 635-nm right-handed circularly polarized excitation laser is focused by the metalens into a diffraction-limited Gaussian beam, while a 780-nm depletion beam with opposite chirality is converted into a high-quality donut-shaped focus on the same plane. As a consequence, STED super-resolution imaging based on the metalens has been obtained by recording the unpolarized photoluminescence using the same metalens. The experimentally demonstrated resolution reaches 0.7× of the diffraction limit and can be further improved. This study represents a critical step toward the miniaturization and integration of STED microscope.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziheng Ji and Qinmiao Chen and Xinbo Sha and Haili Wang and Xing Ma and Zhengtong Liu and Qinghai Song and Shumin Xiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2807}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt2807}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multidimensional multiplexing metalens for STED microscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Collapse of fragile chinese swamp cypress forest. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt1736. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The tertiary relict species Glyptostrobus pensilis , formerly widespread in the Pearl River Delta, experienced a sudden decline and was on the brink of extinction in the late Holocene. The mechanism behind is still in debate. Here, using palynological records and principal components analysis, we show that Glyptostrobus pensilis is sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance. Elaborate 14 C results reveal that the forests ended around 2.1 thousand years before the present, with mild contemporaneous climate changes. The presence of burned marks on buried standing stumps suggests that the forests were destroyed by fire, consistent with fire attacks by the Han army during the conquest of the Nanyue Realm in 111 BCE. The swamp preserved the stumps underwater from the fire. Meanwhile, the increases in Poaceae and pioneer plants indicate a boost of human activity after the two conquests during 221 to 111 BCE, as supported by the increases in anthropogenic metal concentrations and population records.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ning Wang and Ping Ding and Xingfang Ding and Yongqiang Zong and Weidong Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1736}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt1736}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Collapse of fragile chinese swamp cypress forest}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dark-state–dominated photochemical upconversion afterglow via triplet energy transfer relay. SCIADV, 11(17), eadt1225. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photochemical afterglow materials have drawn considerable attention due to their attractive luminescent properties and great application potential. Considering the classical photochemical afterglow materials always exhibit poor luminescence, it is urgent to gain fundamental understanding of the main limiting factors. Here, we identified the existence of a dark-state triplet in the photochemical process, and an overwhelming percentage of ~98.5% was revealed for this non-emissive triplet state. Guided by these observations, we proposed to activate an unprecedented triplet energy transfer relay to simultaneously harness the singlet and triplet energy. Consequently, an upconverted afterglow material was constructed with amazing luminescence performance albeit its moderate fluorescence emission property. The generality of this strategy was evidenced by the adaptation to similar emitters with varied emission wavelengths. The optimized afterglow performance enabled time-gated upconversion bioimaging under ultralow-power excitation. This study not only reveals the energy transfer pathways for photochemical afterglow but also paves the way for rational design of bright upconverted materials with ultralong lifetime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hang Yuan and Kuangshi Sun and Xianlong Su and Donghao Hu and Yanju Luo and Yishuo Sun and Qian Liu and Lijun Chen and Juan Qiao and Ming Xu and Fuyou Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1225}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadt1225}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dark-state–dominated photochemical upconversion afterglow via triplet energy transfer relay}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paleozoic carbonatites controlled rare-earth-elements mineralization at bayan obo. SCIADV, 11(17), eads9481. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The net-zero emission race drives the consumption of rare-earth-elements (REE) at an accelerated rate. With the demand of REE being met by a few giant deposits such as Bayan Obo, decoding controls of ore formation is vital. Yet, after nearly a century of study, the genesis of Bayan Obo remains debated. Here, we demonstrate that two stages of carbonatites emplaced at Bayan Obo at 1320 and 430 million years ago (Ma). The effusive nature of the 1320 Ma carbonatite suppressed brine/fluid exsolution; hence, mineralization at this stage is limited, but its subsequent deformation created an ideal environment for water-rock interaction induced mineralization. The 430 Ma carbonatites exsolved voluminous brine/alkaline fluids rich in REE, with mineralization being promoted as veins and along beddings of the deformed Mesoproterozoic carbonatites via metasomatism. This stage contributed >70% REE. Our study highlights that multistage carbonatites emplaced at one locality could be a controlling factor for REE mineralization and explains the scarcity of giant deposits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Li and Li-Guang Wu and Yan Yu and Lan Yang and David Selby and Xian-Hua Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9481}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads9481}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paleozoic carbonatites controlled rare-earth-elements mineralization at bayan obo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pharmacologic degradation of WDR5 suppresses oncogenic activities of SS18::SSX and provides a therapeutic of synovial sarcoma. SCIADV, 11(17), eads7876. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cancer-causing aberrations recurrently target the chromatic-regulatory factors, leading to epigenetic dysregulation. Almost all patients with synovial sarcoma (SS) carry a characteristic gene fusion, SS18::SSX, which produces a disease-specific oncoprotein that is incorporated into the switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complexes and profoundly alters their functionalities. Targeting epigenetic dependency in cancers holds promise for improving current treatment. Leveraging on cancer cell dependency dataset, pharmacological tools, and genomic profiling, we find WDR5, a factor critical for depositing histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation, to be an unexplored vulnerability in SS. Mechanistically, WDR5 and SS18::SSX interact and colocalize at oncogenes where WDR5 promotes H3K4 methylation and the chromatin association of SS18::SSX-containing chromatin-remodeling complexes. WDR5 degradation by proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) not only suppresses the SS18::SSX-related oncogenic programs but additionally causes the ribosomal protein deregulations leading to p53 activation. WDR5-targeted PROTAC suppresses SS growth in vitro and in vivo, providing a promising strategy for the SS treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yao Yu and Xufen Yu and Bo Pan and Ho Man Chan and H. Ümit Kaniskan and Jian Jin and Ling Cai and Gang Greg Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7876}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads7876}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pharmacologic degradation of WDR5 suppresses oncogenic activities of SS18::SSX and provides a therapeutic of synovial sarcoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). BRD9 functions as a methylarginine reader to regulate AKT-EZH2 signaling. SCIADV, 11(17), eads6385. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recognition of methylarginine marks by effector proteins (“readers”) is a critical link between arginine methylation and various cellular processes. Recently, we identified methylation of AKT1 at arginine-391 (R391), but the reader for this methylation has yet to be characterized. Here, we show that bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9), a reader of acetylated lysine, unexpectedly recognizes methylated R391 of AKT1 through an aromatic cage in its bromodomain. Disrupting the methylarginine reader function of BRD9 suppresses AKT activation and tumorigenesis. RNA sequencing data show that BRD9 and AKT coregulate a hallmark transcriptional program in part through enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)–mediated methylation of histone-3 lysine-27. We also find that inhibitors of BRD9 and EZH2 display synergistic effects on suppression of cell proliferation and tumor growth. Collectively, our study reveals a previously unknown function of BRD9 and a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment by combining BRD9 and EZH2 inhibitors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shasha Yin and Charles Brobbey and Lauren E. Ball and Tianmin Fu and Daniel J. Sprague and Wenjian Gan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6385}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads6385}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {BRD9 functions as a methylarginine reader to regulate AKT-EZH2 signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate-induced shifts in sulfate dynamics regulate anaerobic methane oxidation in a coastal wetland. SCIADV, 11(17), eads6093. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anaerobic methane oxidation (AMO) is a key microbial pathway that mitigates methane emissions in coastal wetlands, but the response of AMO to changing global climate remains poorly understood. Here, we assessed the response of AMO to climate change in a brackish coastal wetland using a 5-year field manipulation of warming and elevated carbon dioxide ( e CO 2 ). Sulfate (SO 4 2− )–dependent AMO (S-DAMO) was the predominant AMO process at our study site due to tidal inputs of SO 4 2− . However, SO 4 2− dynamics responded differently to the treatments; warming reduced SO 4 2− concentration by enhancing SO 4 2− reduction, while e CO 2 increased SO 4 2− concentration by enhancing SO 4 2− regeneration. S-DAMO rates mirrored these trends, with warming decreasing S-DAMO rates and e CO 2 stimulating them. These findings underscore the potential of climate change to alter soil AMO activities through changing SO 4 2− dynamics, highlighting the need to incorporate these processes in predictive models for more accurate representations of coastal wetland methane dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaehyun Lee and Yerang Yang and Hojeong Kang and Genevieve L. Noyce and J. Patrick Megonigal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6093}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads6093}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate-induced shifts in sulfate dynamics regulate anaerobic methane oxidation in a coastal wetland}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Heavy boron isotopes in intraplate basalts reveal recycled carbonate in the mantle. SCIADV, 11(17), eads5104. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recycling of surficial volatiles such as carbon into the mantle plays a fundamental role in modulating Earth’s habitability. However, slab devolatilization during subduction could prevent carbon from entering the deep mantle. Boron isotopes are excellent tracers of recycled volatiles, but correlations between boron isotopes and mantle heterogeneity indicators are rarely observed, thereby casting doubt that substantial amounts of volatiles and boron can be recycled into the deep mantle. Here, we show that boron isotopes in two different types of primitive continental intraplate basalts correlate well with mantle heterogeneity indicators, indicating contributions of various subducted crustal components. A common high-δ 11 B component shared by both types of basalts is best explained as recycled subducted carbonate rather than serpentinite. Our findings demonstrate that subducted carbonate carries heavy B into Earth’s deep mantle, and its recycling could account for the high-δ 11 B signatures observed in intraplate magmas and deeply sourced carbonatites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rong Xu and Yue Cai and Sarah Lambart and Chunfei Chen and Jun-Bo Zhang and Mei-Fu Zhou and Jia Liu and Zhongjie Bai and Tao Wu and Feng Huang and Ting Ruan and Yongsheng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5104}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads5104}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Heavy boron isotopes in intraplate basalts reveal recycled carbonate in the mantle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Giant switchable ferroelectric photovoltage in double-perovskite epitaxial films through chemical negative strain. SCIADV, 11(17), eads4925. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Double-perovskite films have been extensively studied in multifunctional fields due to their modifiability. Here, a controlled process strategy to induce chemical strain and anomalous Poisson deformation is proposed for perovskite-based films. The chemical negative strain in the local-ordering BiSmFe 2 O 6 double-perovskite films can be regulated by oxygen engineering to cause the effectively tunable bandgap. We markedly increased the switchable open-circuit voltage to ~1.56 V from ~0.50 V for Pt/BiSmFe 2 O 6 /Nb-SrTiO 3 devices, which is the highest in single-layer perovskite-based ferroelectric photovoltaic perpendicular devices under white light-emitting diode irradiation. The multifield composite action mechanism reveals the electrical cause of the large open-circuit voltage. The synergy of the optical fields and ferroelectric fields provides the possibility of multilevel storage. Structural characterizations indicate that the chemical strain offers a dual role of lattice distortion and vacancy migration. The strategy of controllable chemical strain facilitates further exploration of the application potential of ferroelectric materials for multifunctional electronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jie Tu and Hangren Li and Xudong Liu and Guoqiang Xi and Xiuqiao Liu and Mengqi Zhang and Rong Wu and Siyuan Du and Dongfei Lu and Longyuan Shi and Jing Xia and Yue-Wen Fang and Jiaqi Ding and Yuzhuo Liu and Yueyang Jia and Meng Yuan and Rui Yang and Xiaolong Li and Xiangmin Meng and Jianjun Tian and Linxing Zhang and Xianran Xing}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4925}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads4925}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Giant switchable ferroelectric photovoltage in double-perovskite epitaxial films through chemical negative strain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synaptophysin accelerates synaptic vesicle fusion by expanding the membrane upon neurotransmitter loading. SCIADV, 11(17), eads4661. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synaptic transmission is mediated by the exocytotic release of neurotransmitters stored in synaptic vesicles (SVs). SVs filled with neurotransmitters preferentially undergo exocytosis, but it is unclear how this is achieved. Here, we show that during transmitter loading, SVs substantially increase in size, which is reversible and requires synaptophysin, an abundant membrane protein with an unclear function. SVs are larger when synaptophysin is knocked out, and conversely, liposomes are smaller when reconstituted with synaptophysin. Moreover, transmitter loading of SVs accelerates fusion in vitro, which is abolished when synaptophysin is lacking despite near normal transmitter uptake. We conclude that synaptophysin functions as a curvature-promoting entity in the SV membrane, allowing for major lateral expansion of the SV membrane during neurotransmitter filling, thus increasing their propensity for exocytosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julia Preobraschenski and Alex J. B. Kreutzberger and Marcelo Ganzella and Agnieszka Münster-Wandowski and Mark A. B. Kreutzberger and Linda H. M. Oolsthorn and Sascha Seibert and Volker Kiessling and Dietmar Riedel and Agata Witkowska and Gudrun Ahnert-Hilger and Lukas K. Tamm and Reinhard Jahn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4661}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads4661}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synaptophysin accelerates synaptic vesicle fusion by expanding the membrane upon neurotransmitter loading}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanosecond structural evolution in shocked coesite. SCIADV, 11(17), eads3139. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The phase transitions in minerals under shock are crucial for understanding meteorite impact history. Recent time-resolved x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on silica shocked to 65 GPa proposed the formation of different high-pressure phases between fused silica and quartz. Furthermore, the dynamics of silica behavior under higher pressure need to be investigated, particularly during nonequilibrium superheating before melting. This study examines the time-dependent response of coesite, using laser-driven shock coupled with fast XRD and molecular dynamics simulations with our recently developed machine learning interatomic potential. Our results reveal a transient dense supercooled liquid crystallizes into a semi-disordered d-NiAs-type silica, followed by transforming into either seifertite or stishovite, depending on the pressure. Instead of thermodynamically stable quartz, a back-transformation to coesite phase is identified after release. The complicated phase evolution pathways in shocked coesite provide deeper insights into the high-pressure silica phases observed in the meteorite bombardments on the early Moon, Mars, and Earth.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaokang Feng and Shuning Pan and Kento Katagiri and Jiuyang Shi and Jia Qu and Keita Nonaka and Cong Liu and Liang Sun and Pinwen Zhu and Norimasa Ozaki and Takayoshi Sano and Yuichi Inubushi and Kohei Miyanishi and Keiichi Sueda and Tadashi Togashi and Makina Yabashi and Toshinori Yabuuchi and Hirotaka Nakamura and Yoichiro Hironaka and Yuhei Umeda and Yusuke Seto and Takuo Okuchi and Jian Sun and Toshimori Sekine and Wenge Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3139}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads3139}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanosecond structural evolution in shocked coesite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell morphology encodes functional subtypes of senescence in aging human dermal fibroblasts. SCIADV, 11(17), eads1875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, reveals context-dependent phenotypes across multiple biological length scales. Despite its mechanistic importance, identifying and characterizing senescence across cell populations is challenging. Using primary dermal fibroblasts, we combined single-cell imaging, machine learning, several induced senescence conditions, and multiple protein biomarkers to define functional senescence subtypes. Single-cell morphology analysis revealed 11 distinct morphology clusters. Among these, we identified three as bona fide senescence subtypes (C7, C10, and C11), with C10 exhibiting the strongest age dependence within an aging cohort. In addition, we observed that a donor’s senescence burden and subtype composition were indicative of susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced senescence. Functional analysis revealed subtype-dependent responses to senotherapies, with C7 being most responsive to the combination of dasatinib and quercetin. Our single-cell analysis framework, SenSCOUT, enables robust identification and classification of senescence subtypes, offering applications in next-generation senotherapy screens, with potential toward explaining heterogeneous senescence phenotypes based on the presence of senescence subtypes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pratik Kamat and Nico Macaluso and Yukang Li and Anshika Agrawal and Aaron Winston and Lauren Pan and Teasia Stewart and Bartholomew Starich and Nicholas Milcik and Chanhong Min and Pei-Hsun Wu and Jeremy Walston and Jean Fan and Jude M. Phillip}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eads1875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell morphology encodes functional subtypes of senescence in aging human dermal fibroblasts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial distribution of fishmeal and fish oil factories around the globe. SCIADV, 11(17), eadr6921. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) are critical inputs for the compound aquatic feeds sustaining the fed aquaculture sector, yet there is limited publicly available information on the location of FMFO production factories around the globe. This makes it difficult to assess the environmental, social, and economic impacts of individual factories and the industry’s footprint as a whole. To fill this knowledge gap, we compiled location data for FMFO factories across 63 producing countries. We identified 506 factories owned and/or operated by 413 companies. We provide an open-source database that includes FMFO factory locations, company names, and raw material types. This study offers a first look at the spatial distribution of the FMFO industry and serves as a valuable resource for marine resource managers and policymakers. Knowing the locations of factories and where FMFO production is concentrated can inform the development of cooperative national and international policies to ensure environmentally and socially responsible standards.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lauren A. Shea and Colette C. C. Wabnitz and William W. L. Cheung and Daniel Pauly and U. Rashid Sumaila}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6921}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadr6921}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial distribution of fishmeal and fish oil factories around the globe}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome axis suppresses enthesis regeneration through inflammatory and metabolic macrophage-stem cell cross-talk. SCIADV, 11(17), eadr4894. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The regeneration of the enthesis remains a formidable challenge in regenerative medicine. However, key regulators underlying unsatisfactory regeneration remain poorly understood. This study reveals that the purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R)/Nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome axis suppresses enthesis regeneration by amplifying IL-1β–mediated inflammatory cross-talk and suppressing docosatrienoic acid (DTA) metabolic cross-talk. NLRP3 inflammasomes were activated in macrophages following enthesis injury, thereby impairing the histological and functional recovery of the injured enthesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) indicated that Nlrp3 knockout attenuated pathological inflammation and ameliorated the detrimental effects of IL-1β signaling cross-talk. Furthermore, NLRP3 inflammasomes suppressed the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-13) and DTA. The NLRP3 inflammasome–mediated secretome reduced differentiation and migration of stem cells. Neutralizing IL-1β or replenishing docosatrienoic acid accelerated enthesis regeneration. Moreover, conditional knockout of P2rx7 in myeloid cells attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and facilitated enthesis regeneration. This study demonstrates that the P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome axis represents a promising therapeutic target for enthesis repair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haihan Gao and Liren Wang and Yangbao Lyu and Haocheng Jin and Zhiqi Lin and Yuhao Kang and Ziyun Li and Xueying Zhang and Yuhan Jiang and Guoyang Zhang and Zaijin Tao and Xiaofeng Zhang and Bin Yang and Xingyu Bai and Xin Ma and Shen Liu and Jia Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4894}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadr4894}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome axis suppresses enthesis regeneration through inflammatory and metabolic macrophage-stem cell cross-talk}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hydrogen isotopic evidence for a core component in baffin island lavas. SCIADV, 11(17), eadr2917. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The nature of chemical exchange between Earth’s core and mantle is fundamental to understanding their evolution. Tungsten-182 and helium-3 anomalies in volcanic rocks from deeply sourced mantle plumes have been attributed to core-mantle exchange. Hydrogen (H) is potentially abundant in the core. Therefore, H may also be a sensitive tracer of core-mantle exchange. We measured 2 H/ 1 H ratios (reported as δD) in olivine-hosted basaltic melt inclusions from a Baffin Island lava to test whether mantle plumes contain H from the core. The average δD value (−144 ± 24 per mil) is lower than some estimates for the average depleted upper mantle (δD ≈ −60 ± 20 per mil). The low δD composition likely derives from isotopic diffusion or H leakage from the core, not isotopic fractionation during magmatism or crustal contamination. Over geologic time, core-mantle exchange of H may have overprinted the isotopic composition of mantle plume source regions and much of the upper mantle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James W. Dottin III and Forrest Horton and Conel M. O’D. Alexander and Anat Shahar and Jianhua Wang and Joseph S. Boesenberg and Emma Bullock and Steven B. Shirey}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2917}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadr2917}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hydrogen isotopic evidence for a core component in baffin island lavas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Conservation impacts and hidden actions in a randomized controlled trial of a marine pay-to-release program. SCIADV, 11(17), eadr1000. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Incentive payments could cost-effectively and equitably achieve biodiversity conservation goals but could also trigger unintended countervailing actions. Here, we report on a preregistered, randomized controlled trial of a pay-to-release program among small-scale, Indonesian fishing vessels for the release of two critically endangered marine taxa from fishing gear: hammerhead sharks and wedgefish. A conventional monitoring approach, which quantifies impacts based on conservation-relevant actions (i.e., numbers of live releases), implies that the program was successful: a 71 and 4% reduction in wedgefish and hammerhead shark mortality, respectively. The experimental data, however, imply that the pay-to-release program also induced some vessels to increase their catch, thereby decreasing wedgefish mortality by only 25% [confidence interval (CI): −49 to 10%] and increasing hammerhead mortality by 44% (CI: 8 to 92%). Our results do not imply that pay-to-release programs cannot work but rather demonstrate the complexity of designing incentive-based conservation programs and the importance of piloting them using experimental designs before scaling up.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hollie Booth and Thomas Pienkowski and M Said Ramdlan and Kusuma Banda Naira and Muhsin and E. J. Milner-Gulland and Luky Adrianto and Paul J. Ferraro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1000}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadr1000}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Conservation impacts and hidden actions in a randomized controlled trial of a marine pay-to-release program}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Terrane accretion explains thin and hot ocean-continent back-arcs. SCIADV, 11(17), eadq8444. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origin of hot ocean-continent back-arc regions with very thin mantle lithosphere and very high surface heat flow in both extensional and contractional ocean-continent subduction systems is highly enigmatic and unresolved. These first-order characteristics have often been explained with either convective mantle lithosphere removal or by back-arc extension. However, it is unclear what may cause the proposed convective thinning and/or delamination of eclogitic lower crust over very wide regions, whereas back-arc extension is either not observed or insufficient to explain the observed very thin mantle lithosphere. Notably, many of these ocean-continent systems have a long history of terrane accretion. Here, we show, using thermomechanical model experiments, that terrane accretion provides a consistent explanation for the observed key characteristics and naturally leads to rheologically weak back-arcs with continental crust directly on top of the hot sublithospheric mantle.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zoltán Erdős and Ritske S. Huismans and Sebastian G. Wolf and Claudio Faccenna}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8444}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadq8444}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Terrane accretion explains thin and hot ocean-continent back-arcs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Brain feature maps reveal progressive animal-feature representations in the ventral stream. SCIADV, 11(17), eadq7342. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {What are the fundamental principles that inform representation in the primate visual brain? While objects have become an intuitive framework for studying neurons in many parts of cortex, it is possible that neurons follow a more expressive organizational principle, such as encoding generic features present across textures, places, and objects. In this study, we used multielectrode arrays to record from neurons in the early (V1/V2), middle (V4), and later [posterior inferotemporal (PIT) cortex] areas across the visual hierarchy, estimating each neuron’s local operation across natural scene via “heatmaps.” We found that, while populations of neurons with foveal receptive fields across V1/V2, V4, and PIT responded over the full scene, they focused on salient subregions within object outlines. Notably, neurons preferentially encoded animal features rather than general objects, with this trend strengthening along the visual hierarchy. These results show that the monkey ventral stream is partially organized to encode local animal features over objects, even as early as primary visual cortex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhanqi Zhang and Till S. Hartmann and Richard T. Born and Margaret S. Livingstone and Carlos R. Ponce}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7342}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadq7342}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Brain feature maps reveal progressive animal-feature representations in the ventral stream}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In vivo functional screens reveal KEAP1 loss as a driver of chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer. SCIADV, 11(17), eadq7084. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exquisitely chemosensitive initially, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibits dismal outcomes owing to rapid transition to chemoresistance. Elucidating the genetic underpinnings has been challenging owing to limitations with cellular models. As SCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models mimic therapeutic responses, we perform genetic screens in chemosensitive PDX models to identify drivers of chemoresistance. cDNA overexpression screens identify MYC , MYCN , and MYCL , while CRISPR deletion screens identify KEAP1 loss as driving chemoresistance. Deletion of KEAP1 switched a chemosensitive SCLC PDX model to become chemoresistant and resulted in sensitivity to inhibition of glutamine metabolism. Data from the IMpower133 clinical trial revealed ~6% of patients with extensive-stage SCLC exhibit KEAP1 genetic alterations, with activation of a KEAP1/NRF2 transcriptional signature associated with reduced survival upon chemotherapy treatment. While roles for KEAP1/NRF2 have been unappreciated in SCLC, our genetic screens revealed KEAP1 loss as a driver of chemoresistance, while patient genomic analyses demonstrate clinical importance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lauren Brumage and Scott Best and Daniel S. Hippe and Eli Grunblatt and Pritha Chanana and Feinan Wu and Myung Chang Lee and Zhe Ying and Ali Ibrahim and Jae Heun Chung and Anna Vigil and Jackson Fatherree and Slobodan Beronja and Patrick Paddison and Lucas Sullivan and Barzin Nabet and David MacPherson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7084}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadq7084}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In vivo functional screens reveal KEAP1 loss as a driver of chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Loss of intracellular ATP affects axoplasmic viscosity and pathological protein aggregation in mammalian neurons. SCIADV, 11(17), eadq6077. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases display synaptic deficits, mitochondrial defects, and protein aggregation. We show that intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regulates axoplasmic viscosity and protein aggregation in mammalian neurons. Decreased intracellular ATP upon mitochondrial inhibition leads to axoterminal cytosol, synaptic vesicles, and active zone component condensation, modulating the functional organization of mouse glutamatergic synapses. Proteins involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) condensed and underwent ATP-dependent liquid phase separation in vitro. Human inducible pluripotent stem cell–derived neurons from patients with PD and ALS displayed reduced axoplasmic fluidity and decreased intracellular ATP. Last, nicotinamide mononucleotide treatment successfully rescued intracellular ATP levels and axoplasmic viscosity in neurons from patients with PD and ALS and reduced TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) aggregation in human motor neurons derived from a patient with ALS. Thus, our data suggest that the hydrotropic activity of ATP contributes to the regulation of neuronal homeostasis under both physiological and pathological conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laurent Guillaud and Anna Garanzini and Sarah Zakhia and Sandra De la Fuente and Dimitar Dimitrov and Susan Boerner and Marco Terenzio}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6077}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadq6077}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Loss of intracellular ATP affects axoplasmic viscosity and pathological protein aggregation in mammalian neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dynamical geography of observed trends in the global ocean. SCIADV, 11(17), eadq3532. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Revealing the ongoing changes in ocean dynamics and their impact on marine ecosystems requires the joint analysis of multiple variables. However, global observational records only cover a few decades, posing a challenge in the separation of climatic trends from internal dynamical modes. Here, we apply an empirical stochastic model to identify the emergent patterns of trends in six fundamental components of upper ocean physics. We analyze a data-driven reconstruction of the ocean state covering the 1993–2018 period. We found that including temporal derivatives in the state vector enhances the description of the ocean’s dynamical system. Once Pacific oscillations are properly accounted for, averaged surface warming appears >60% faster, and a deep reshaping of the seascape is revealed. A clustering of the trend patterns identifies the main factors that drive observed trends in chlorophyll a concentration. This data-driven approach provides a wider framework for empirical climate modeling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli and Daniele Iudicone}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3532}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadq3532}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dynamical geography of observed trends in the global ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Task-specific regional circuit adaptations in distinct mouse retinal ganglion cells. SCIADV, 11(17), eadp7075. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the mouse retina, sustained ON alpha (sONα) retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) have different dendritic and receptive field sizes along the nasotemporal axis, with temporal sONα RGCs likely playing a role in visually guided hunting. Thus, we hypothesized that this cell type also exhibits regional adaptations in dendritic signal processing and that these adaptations are advantageous for prey capture. Here, we measured dendritic signals from individual sONα RGCs at different retinal locations. We measured both postsynaptic Ca 2+ signals at dendrites and presynaptic glutamate signals from bipolar cells (BCs). We found that temporal sONα RGCs exhibit, in addition to sustained-ON signals with only weak surrounds, signals with strong surround suppression, which were not present in nasal sONα RGCs. This difference was also present in the presynaptic inputs from BCs. Last, using population models in an encoder-decoder paradigm, we showed that these adaptations might be beneficial for detecting crickets in hunting behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonathan Oesterle and Yanli Ran and Paul Stahr and Jason N. D. Kerr and Timm Schubert and Philipp Berens and Thomas Euler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7075}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadp7075}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Task-specific regional circuit adaptations in distinct mouse retinal ganglion cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prolonged airway explant culture enables study of health, disease, and viral pathogenesis. SCIADV, 11(17), eadp0451. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In vitro models play a major role in studying airway physiology and disease. However, the native lung’s complex tissue architecture and nonepithelial cell lineages are not preserved in these models. Ex vivo tissue models could overcome in vitro limitations, but methods for long-term maintenance of ex vivo tissue have not been established. Here, we describe methods to culture human large airway explants, small airway explants, and precision-cut lung slices for at least 14 days. Human airway explants recapitulate genotype-specific electrophysiology; characteristic epithelial, endothelial, stromal, and immune cell populations; and model viral infection after 14 days in culture. These methods also maintain mouse, rabbit, and pig tracheal explants. Notably, intact airway tissue can be cryopreserved, thawed, and used to generate viable explants with recovery of function 14 days postthaw. These studies highlight the broad applications of airway tissue explants and their use as translational intermediates between in vitro and in vivo studies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rhianna E. Lee-Ferris and Kenichi Okuda and Jacob R. Galiger and Stephen A. Schworer and Troy D. Rogers and Hong Dang and Rodney Gilmore and Caitlin Edwards and Gillian Crisp and Satoko Nakano and Anne M. Cawley and Raymond J. Pickles and Samuel C. Gallant and Elisa Crisci and Lauraine Rivier and James S. Hagood and Wanda K. O’Neal and Ralph S. Baric and Barbara R. Grubb and Richard C. Boucher and Scott H. Randell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0451}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadp0451}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prolonged airway explant culture enables study of health, disease, and viral pathogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetics- and age-driven neuroimmune and disc changes underscore herniation susceptibility and pain-associated behaviors in SM/J mice. SCIADV, 11(17), eado6847. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There are no appropriate mouse models to study the pathophysiology of spontaneous disc herniations in a wild-type setting. SM/J mice, a poor healer inbred strain, presented a high incidence of age-associated lumbar disc herniations with neurovascular innervations. Transcriptomic comparisons of the SM/J annulus fibrosus with human tissues showed shared pathways related to immune cell activation and inflammation. Notably, aged SM/J mice showed increased pain sensitization and neuroinflammation with altered extracellular matrix regulation in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. There were increased T cells in the vertebral marrow, and cytometry by time-of-flight analysis showed increased splenic CD8+ T cells, nonspecific activation of CD8+ memory T cells, and enhanced interferon-γ production in the myeloid compartment. Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed more B cells, with lower proportions of T cells, monocytes, and granulocytes. This study highlights the contribution of genetic background and aging to increased susceptibility of spontaneous intervertebral disc herniations in a clinically relevant murine model.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emanuel J. Novais and Olivia K. Ottone and Eric V. Brown and Vedavathi Madhu and Victoria A. Tran and Pranay Ramteke and Abhijit S. Dighe and Michael D. Solga and Alexandra Manchel and Angelo C. Lepore and Makarand V. Risbud}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6847}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eado6847}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetics- and age-driven neuroimmune and disc changes underscore herniation susceptibility and pain-associated behaviors in SM/J mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional tendon regeneration is driven by regulatory t cells and IL-33 signaling. SCIADV, 11(17), eadn5409. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tendon injuries heal by scar, leading to poor function. To date, the role of immune cells remains underexplored. Using a neonatal mouse model of functional tendon healing compared to adult scar–mediated healing, we identified a regenerative immune profile that is associated with type 1 inflammation followed by rapid polarization to type 2, driven by macrophages and regulatory T cells (T reg cells). Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing also revealed neonatal T reg cells with an immunomodulatory signature distinct from adult. Neonatal T reg cell ablation resulted in a dysregulated immune response, failed tenocyte recruitment, and impaired regeneration. Adoptive transfer further confirmed the unique capacity of neonatal T reg cells to rescue functional regeneration. We showed that neonatal T reg cells mitigate interleukin-33 (IL-33) to enable tenocyte recruitment and structural restoration, and that adult IL-33 deletion improves functional healing. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that T reg cells and IL-33 immune dysfunction are critical components of failed tendon healing and identify potential targets to drive tendon regeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Varun Arvind and Giulia Crosio and Kristen Howell and Hui Zhang and Angela Montero and Alice H. Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn5409}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadn5409}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional tendon regeneration is driven by regulatory t cells and IL-33 signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Obliquity disruption and antarctic ice sheet dynamics over a 2.4-myr astronomical grand cycle. SCIADV, 11(17), eadl1996. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine δ 18 O data reveal astronomical forcing of the climate and cryosphere during the Miocene, when atmospheric P co 2 was on par with emissions scenarios over the next century. This inspired hypotheses for how Milankovitch cycles, ice-ocean interactions, and greenhouse gases influence ice volume. Mass balance controls for marine and terrestrial ice sheets differ, and proxy data collected far from Antarctica provide valuable but limited insight into regional processes. We evaluate clast abundance data from Antarctic marine sedimentary records, observing a strong signal of eccentricity and precession coincident with a terrestrial ice sheet and a clear obliquity signal at the margins of a marine ice sheet. These analyses are integrated with a synthesis of proxy data, and we argue that high variance in obliquity forcing (mediated and enhanced by the ocean and atmosphere) can inhibit ice sheet growth, even when insolation forcing is conducive to glaciation. This “obliquity disruption” explains cryosphere variability before the existence of large northern hemisphere ice sheets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicholas B. Sullivan and Stephen R. Meyers and Richard H. Levy and Robert M. McKay and Tina van de Flierdt and James Marschalek and Matteo Perotti and Luca Zurli and Franco Talarico and David Harwood and Laura De Santis and Fabio Florindo and Tim R. Naish and Georgia R. Grant and Molly O. Patterson and Expedition 374 scientists}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl1996}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {17}, pages = {eadl1996}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Obliquity disruption and antarctic ice sheet dynamics over a 2.4-myr astronomical grand cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A tilted “Tatooine planet” whose two suns aren't stars at all. SCIADV, 11(16), eadx3902. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An indirectly detected planet on a highly inclined orbit about a pair of brown dwarfs shows that, when it comes to exoplanet diversity, anything goes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Keivan G. Stassun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx3902}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadx3902}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A tilted “Tatooine planet” whose two suns aren't stars at all}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular basis of pyruvate transport and inhibition of the human mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. SCIADV, 11(16), eadw1489. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier transports pyruvate, produced by glycolysis from sugar molecules, into the mitochondrial matrix, as a crucial transport step in eukaryotic energy metabolism. The carrier is a drug target for the treatment of cancers, diabetes mellitus, neurodegeneration, and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. We have solved the structure of the human MPC1L/MPC2 heterodimer in the inward- and outward-open states by cryo–electron microscopy, revealing its alternating access rocker-switch mechanism. The carrier has a central binding site for pyruvate, which contains an essential lysine and histidine residue, important for its ΔpH-dependent transport mechanism. We have also determined the binding poses of three chemically distinct inhibitor classes, which exploit the same binding site in the outward-open state by mimicking pyruvate interactions and by using aromatic stacking interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maximilian Sichrovsky and Denis Lacabanne and Jonathan J. Ruprecht and Jessica J. Rana and Klaudia Stanik and Mariangela Dionysopoulou and Alice P. Sowton and Martin S. King and Scott A. Jones and Lee Cooper and Steven W. Hardwick and Giulia Paris and Dimitri Y. Chirgadze and Shujing Ding and Ian M. Fearnley and Shane M. Palmer and Els Pardon and Jan Steyaert and Vanessa Leone and Lucy R. Forrest and Sotiria Tavoulari and Edmund R. S. Kunji}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw1489}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadw1489}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular basis of pyruvate transport and inhibition of the human mitochondrial pyruvate carrier}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An evolutionarily unique viral RdRP suggests a common dual-function feature of the priming element. SCIADV, 11(16), eadv9640. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) encoded by RNA viruses use de novo initiation strategy to start RNA synthesis, and they usually contain a priming element (PE) to interact with template RNA and priming nucleoside triphosphate to facilitate initiation. Upon transition to elongation in dengue virus 2 (DENV2) RdRP, PE refolds and contributes to elongation complex stability by interacting with the upstream RNA duplex. However, whether this PE dual-function feature commonly exists in viral RdRPs remains elusive, as PE is highly diverse among the entire RNA virus group. Here, a more complexed PE refolding is observed in RdRP crystal structures of Aspergillus fumigatus polymycovirus-1 (AfuPmV-1), a polymycovirus evolutionarily connecting positive-strand and double-stranded RNA viruses. Although structural details and enzymology features are very different in transition from initiation to elongation in DENV2 and AfuPmV-1 RdRPs, what is in common is the PE dual-function feature that demonstrates functional conservation beyond sequence and structure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hengxia Jia and Shunli Liu and Guibo Rao and Qiaojie Liu and Jiqin Wu and Sheng Cao and Peng Gong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9640}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadv9640}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An evolutionarily unique viral RdRP suggests a common dual-function feature of the priming element}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiscale graph equivariant diffusion model for 3D molecule design. SCIADV, 11(16), eadv0778. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Three-dimensional molecular generation is critical in drug design. However, current methods often rely on point clouds or oversimplified interaction models, limiting their ability to accurately represent molecular structures. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the multiscale graph equivariant diffusion model for 3D molecule design (MD3MD). MD3MD partitions molecular conformations into multiscale graphs, assigning different weights to capture atomic interactions across scales. This framework guides the diffusion process, enabling high-quality 3D molecular generation. Experimental results demonstrate that MD3MD excels in both unconditional and conditional generation tasks, producing diverse, stable, and innovative molecules that meet specified conditions. Visualization highlights MD3MD’s ability to learn domain-specific patterns and generate molecules distinct from existing datasets while maintaining distributional consistency. By effectively exploring chemical space, MD3MD surpasses previous methods in generating innovative and chemically diverse molecules, offering a notable advancement in the field of molecular design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Chen and Yan Li and Yanjie Ma and Lin Gao and Liang Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0778}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadv0778}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiscale graph equivariant diffusion model for 3D molecule design}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oscillating microbubble array–based metamaterials (OMAMs) for rapid isolation of high-purity exosomes. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu8915. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exosomes secreted by cells hold substantial potential for disease diagnosis and treatment. However, the rapid isolation of high-purity exosomes and their subpopulations from biofluids (e.g., undiluted whole blood) remains challenging. This study presents oscillating microbubble array–based metamaterials (OMAMs) for enabling the rapid isolation of high-purity exosomes and their subpopulations from biofluids without labeling or preprocessing. Particularly, leveraging acoustically excited microbubble oscillation, OMAMs can generate numerous acoustofluidic traps for filtering in-fluid micro/nanoparticles, thus allowing for removing bioparticles larger than exosomes to obtain high-purity (93%) exosomes from undiluted whole blood in ~3 minutes. Moreover, exosome subpopulations in different size ranges can be isolated by tuning the microbubble oscillation amplitude. Additionally, as each oscillating microbubble functions as an ultradeep subwavelength (~λ/186) acoustic amplifier and a nonlinear source, OMAMs can generate high-resolution complex acoustic energy patterns and tune the patterns by activating different-sized microbubbles at their distinct resonance frequencies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinjia Li and Zhiting Deng and Wenjun Zhang and Wei Zhou and Xiufang Liu and Hao Quan and Jiali Li and Pengqi Li and Yingyin Li and Cai Hu and Fei Li and Lili Niu and Zhenhua Tian and Long Meng and Hairong Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8915}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu8915}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oscillating microbubble array–based metamaterials (OMAMs) for rapid isolation of high-purity exosomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pyrite stimulates the growth and sulfur oxidation capacity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in euxinic environments. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu7080. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria flourish in contemporary and ancient euxinic environments, driving the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and sulfur. However, it is unclear how these strict anaerobes meet their high demand for iron in iron-depleted environments. Here, we report that pyrite, a widespread and highly stable iron sulfide mineral in anoxic, low-temperature environments, can support the growth and metabolic activity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria by serving as the sole iron source under iron-depleted conditions. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that pyrite addition substantially up-regulated genes and protein expression involved in photosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, and biosynthesis of organics. Anoxic microbial oxidation of pyritic sulfur and consequent destabilization of the pyrite structure were postulated to facilitate microbial iron acquisition. These findings advance our understanding of the survival strategies of anaerobes in iron-depleted environments and are important for revealing the previously underappreciated bioavailability of pyritic iron in anoxic environments and anoxic weathering of pyrite.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Runjie Li and Xiaolei Liu and Geng Wu and Gaoyuan Li and Jing-Hua Chen and Hongchen Jiang and Hailiang Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7080}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu7080}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pyrite stimulates the growth and sulfur oxidation capacity of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria in euxinic environments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Food sensing controls c. elegans reproductive behavior by neuromodulatory disinhibition. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu5829. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Like many organisms, the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans incorporates an assessment of environmental quality into its reproductive strategy. C. elegans hermaphrodites release fertilized eggs into food-rich environments but retain them in the absence of food. Here, we report the discovery of a neural circuit required for the modulation of reproductive behavior by food sensing. A mutation that electrically silences the AVK interneurons uncouples egg laying from detection of environmental food cues. We find that AVK activity inhibits egg laying, and AVKs themselves are inhibited by dopamine released from food-sensing neurons. AVKs express a large number of structurally and functionally diverse neuropeptides. Coordination of food-sensing and reproductive behavior requires a subset of AVK neuropeptides that converge on a small ensemble of premotor neurons that coexpress their cognate receptors. Modulation of C. elegans reproductive behavior, therefore, requires a cascade of neuromodulatory signals that uses disinhibition and combinatorial neuropeptide signals to activate reproductive behavior when food is sensed.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yen-Chih Chen and Kara E. Zang and Hassan Ahamed and Niels Ringstad}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5829}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu5829}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Food sensing controls c. elegans reproductive behavior by neuromodulatory disinhibition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Proteorhodopsin insights into the molecular mechanism of vectorial proton transport. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu5303. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial proton pumps, proteorhodopsins (PRs), are a major group of light-driven membrane proteins found in marine bacteria. They are functionally and structurally distinct from archaeal and eukaryotic proton pumps. To elucidate the proton transfer mechanism by PRs and understand the differences to nonbacterial pumps on a molecular level, high-resolution structures of PRs’ functional states are needed. In this work, we have determined atomic-resolution structures of MAR, a PR from marine actinobacteria, in various functional states, notably the challenging late O intermediate state. These data and information from recent atomic-resolution structures on an archaeal outward proton pump bacteriorhodopsin and bacterial inward proton pump xenorhodopsin allow for deducing key universal elements for light-driven proton pumping. First, long hydrogen-bonded chains characterize proton pathways. Second, short hydrogen bonds allow proton storage and inhibit their backflow. Last, the retinal Schiff base is the active proton donor and acceptor to and from hydrogen-bonded chains.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sergey Bukhdruker and Ivan Gushchin and Vitaly Shevchenko and Kirill Kovalev and Vitaly Polovinkin and Fedor Tsybrov and Roman Astashkin and Alexey Alekseev and Anatoly Mikhaylov and Siarhei Bukhalovich and Dmitry Bratanov and Yury Ryzhykau and Daria Kuklina and Nicolas Caramello and Tatyana Rokitskaya and Yuri Antonenko and Maksim Rulev and Chavdar Stoev and Dmitrii Zabelskii and Ekaterina Round and Andrey Rogachev and Valentin Borshchevskiy and Rohit Ghai and Gleb Bourenkov and Mahel Zeghouf and Jacqueline Cherfils and Martin Engelhard and Igor Chizhov and Francisco Rodriguez-Valera and Ernst Bamberg and Valentin Gordeliy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5303}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu5303}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Proteorhodopsin insights into the molecular mechanism of vectorial proton transport}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cocrystals combining order and correlated disorder via colloidal crystal engineering with DNA. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu4919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Colloidal cocrystallization enables the formation of multicomponent materials with unique physicochemical properties, yet the role of nanoparticle (NP) shape and specific ligand interactions to cocrystallize anisotropic and isotropic NPs, with order and correlated disorder, remains underexplored. Here, geometry-inspired strategies along with programmable DNA interactions are combined to achieve structural control of colloidal cocrystal assemblies. Coassembling polyhedral and spherical NPs with complementary DNA yields two classes of cocrystals: one where both components order, and another where polyhedral NPs form a periodic lattice, while spherical NPs remain disordered but spatially correlated with polyhedral edges and corners. The size ratio of the building blocks can be used to control the ordering of spherical NPs—smaller octahedral-to-sphere size ratios favor fully ordered cocrystals. Molecular dynamics simulations further elucidate the role of NP shapes and dimensions in the structural outcome of the cocrystal. This work provides a framework for deliberately targeting and accessing crystals with exotic multicomponent structures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuanwei Li and Wenjie Zhou and Yuan Zhou and Ho Fung Cheng and Byeongdu Lee and Xiaobing Hu and Eric W. Roth and Vinayak P. Dravid and Sharon C. Glotzer and Chad A. Mirkin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu4919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cocrystals combining order and correlated disorder via colloidal crystal engineering with DNA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Isoprene deters insect herbivory by priming plant hormone responses. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu4637. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Isoprene, emitted by some plants, deters insect herbivory. However, the associated biochemical and physiological responses that confer herbivory resistance remain unknown. We used engineered isoprene-emitting (IE) and non-emitting (NE) control tobacco plants to interpret isoprene-mediated defense against herbivory in plants. Hornworm larvae raised on IE plants exhibited stunted growth compared to those raised on NE plants. Worms preferred to feed on NE rather than IE leaves, indicating deterrent effects of isoprene on insect feeding. Worm feeding induced a greater increase in jasmonic acid (JA), a crucial hormone for insect resistance, in IE leaves compared to that in NE leaves. Assimilation rates were stably maintained in IE plants, suggesting a protective role of isoprene in preserving photosynthetic efficiency during insect herbivory. Wound-induced increase in isoprene emission correlated with the elevation of key metabolites of the isoprene biosynthesis pathway. Our results highlight JA-priming functions of isoprene and provide insights into isoprene-mediated defense against insect herbivory.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abira Sahu and Mohammad Golam Mostofa and Yuan Xu and Bianca M. Serda and James O’Keefe and Thomas D. Sharkey}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4637}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu4637}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Isoprene deters insect herbivory by priming plant hormone responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A germline ETV6 mutation disrupts hematopoiesis via de novo creation of a nuclear export signal. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu4058. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Germline mutations in the transcriptional regulator ETV6 are a root cause of familial inherited thrombocytopenia and predispose carriers to myelodysplastic syndromes and acute leukemias. Here, we report that the ETV6 P214L mutation creates an XPO1-dependent nuclear export signal to cause protein mislocalization. Strategies to disrupt XPO1 nuclear export activity fully restore ETV6 P214L protein nuclear localization and transcription regulation activity, establishing XPO1-dependent mislocalization as a critical mechanism underscoring ETV6 P214L dysfunction. Mechanistic insight inspired the design of “humanized” ETV6 mice in which the germline P214L mutation is sufficient to elicit severe defects in thrombopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and survival in animals. These studies define a unique mechanism by which the ETV6 P214L mutation exerts a dominant negative effect on protein function and reveal critical mutation-dependent disruptions to hematopoiesis that underlie disease phenotypes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael McConville and Toby Thomas and Ryan Beckner and Benjamin Kroger and Catherine Valadez and Yuh Min Chook and Stephen Chung and Glen Liszczak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4058}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu4058}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A germline ETV6 mutation disrupts hematopoiesis via de novo creation of a nuclear export signal}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ara-C suppresses h3 k27–altered spinal cord diffuse midline glioma growth and enhances immune checkpoint blockade sensitivity. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu3956. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {H3 K27–altered spinal cord diffuse midline glioma (H3-SCDMG) poses therapeutic challenges. Analysis of 73 clinical samples revealed heightened proliferation in H3-SCDMG versus wild-type tumors, suggesting therapeutic vulnerabilities. Drug screening identified cytarabine (Ara-C) as highly effective in inhibiting proliferation in H3 K27M cell models, recently established patient-derived cells, and patient-derived xenograft models. Mechanistically, Ara-C can suppress tumor growth through DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. An investigator-initiated clinical trial involving four patients showed benefits in three cases. In addition, a subset of cells exhibited senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype post–Ara-C treatment, accompanied by several immune checkpoint ligands’ up-regulation and more immune cell infiltration. Combining Ara-C with dual Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and TIGIT blockade emerged as a promising strategy to disrupt immune evasion by senescent cells, enhancing antitumor responses. These findings highlight Ara-C’s potential as a monotherapy and in synergy with immunotherapy for H3-SCDMG, offering potential strategies for clinical management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Pang and Yilin Wu and SongYuan An and Yuzhou Chang and Hao Yan and Han Lin and Zheng Zhao and Fan Wu and Qing Chang and Wenqing Jia and Tao Jiang and Yongzhi Wang and Ruichao Chai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3956}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu3956}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ara-C suppresses h3 k27–altered spinal cord diffuse midline glioma growth and enhances immune checkpoint blockade sensitivity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-site ruthenium catalyst supported on zeolite for CO2 hydrogenation to methyl formate. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu2857. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Technologies for the transformation of atmospheric CO 2 to useful chemicals, such as formic acid (FA), are essential to combatting excessive fossil fuel use and will need to be implemented on large scale. However, hydrogenation of CO 2 to (base-free) FA is challenging for heterogeneous catalysts, due to the requirement for low temperatures enforced by the entropically unfavorable reaction of gases. By coupling CO 2 hydrogenation to esterification, methyl formate (MF) can be prepared as a promising alternative platform chemical. Herein, a robust, heterogeneous single-metal-site catalyst was prepared and shown to achieve methanol hydrocarboxylation rates superior to nanoparticle catalysts (up to 18.3 ± 0.6 mmol hour −1 g cat − 1 ) while maintaining very high selectivity to MF (≥95%). Characterization reveals isolated, monodisperse Ru-nitrosyl complexes bound to three O-atoms of the zeolite framework, and the robust catalyst formed achieves a cumulative turnover number of more than 3500 over eight cycles. This work pushes the boundaries of supported single-site catalysts in CO 2 utilization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Roland C. Turnell-Ritson and Lindsey E. K. Frederiksen and Jan Romano-deGea and Barbara Dommen and Darlène S. Dridi and Elio Antonucci and Xunhui Wang and Victor Boureau and Richard Y. Kong and Kyle M. Lancaster and Paul J. Dyson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2857}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu2857}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-site ruthenium catalyst supported on zeolite for CO2 hydrogenation to methyl formate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global environmental plastic dispersal under OECD policy scenarios toward 2060. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu2396. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent studies and OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) reports provide roadmaps to reduce dispersal of mismanaged plastic waste to aquatic environments. Here, we use a coupled land-ocean-atmosphere model to simulate global plastic and microplastic dispersal for different OECD policy scenarios toward 2060. We establish a global plastic budget for the year 2015, with revised estimates of the total marine plastic pool of 263 teragrams (Tg, million tons), and land to sea plastic transport of 14 Tg per year, implying four to nine times larger leakage than OECD estimates. Model simulation of two ambitious policy scenarios show a peak in land to sea transport of total plastics of 23 Tg per year around 2045 and a decrease thereafter. Environmental concentrations of small microplastics remain high after 2060 due to continuous fragmentation of legacy mismanaged waste on land and indicate the need for remediation of legacy terrestrial plastic waste in policy instruments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeroen E. Sonke and Alkuin Koenig and Théo Segur and Nadiia Yakovenko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2396}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu2396}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global environmental plastic dispersal under OECD policy scenarios toward 2060}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Earlier onset of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain in females by ICAM-1–mediated accumulation of perivascular macrophages. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu2159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sex differences in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases have drawn increasing attention. However, it remains unclear whether such differences exist in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Here, we conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical case data and found that peripheral sensory disorders occurred earlier in females than in males following bortezomib (BTZ) treatment in patients with multiple myeloma. BTZ treatment led to an early elevation of intercellular adhesion molecule–1, which triggered the infiltration of peripheral monocytes into the perivascular region of the spinal cord in female mice. The CC-chemokine ligand 1 released by infiltrating macrophages directly activated neurons or indirectly activated neurons by enhancing the astrocyte activity, ultimately leading to the earlier onset of BTZ-induced neuropathic pain in females. Together, clarifying the mechanism underlying the earlier onset of BTZ-induced neuropathic pain will contribute to the precise treatment of multiple myeloma in females.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Li Chen and Xin Zou and Cui-Cui Liu and Pu Yan and Jie Deng and Chen Wang and Mu-Yang Chen and Xiao-Qing Tang and Jing-Ming Shi and Wen-Jun Xin and Xiang-Zhong Zhang and Xia Feng and Ting Xu and Jing-Dun Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu2159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Earlier onset of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain in females by ICAM-1–mediated accumulation of perivascular macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inefficient melt mixing below a fast-spreading ridge revealed by hess deep lower gabbros (ODP leg 147 and IODP expedition 345). SCIADV, 11(16), eadu2044. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The oceanic crust crystallizes from melts formed within a heterogeneous mantle source, which is mostly composed of variably depleted peridotites and recycled crust. Yet, the compositional variability of this mantle source and the progressive aggregation of heterogeneous melts during extraction are poorly constrained. Here, we show that in situ isotopic analyses in gabbros formed at the East Pacific Rise retain substantially greater Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic heterogeneity than basalts erupted along the fast-spreading ridge. This implies that melt aggregation during migration through the upper mantle and lower crust is inefficient, even at magmatically productive spreading ridges; efficient melt mixing likely occurs in the overlying axial melt lens. Local isotopic heterogeneity of Hess Deep gabbros indicates incomplete mixing of primary melts produced from variably depleted peridotites and oceanic crust recycled at least 1.5 billion years ago. The isotopic heterogeneity recorded in lower gabbros further substantiates that basalt compositions reflect only part of the compositional spectrum of melts passing through the ridge plumbing system.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Valentin Basch and Alessio Sanfilippo and Felix Genske and Mischa Böhnke and Alberto Zanetti and Andreas Stracke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2044}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu2044}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inefficient melt mixing below a fast-spreading ridge revealed by hess deep lower gabbros (ODP leg 147 and IODP expedition 345)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A wireless, self-powered smart insole for gait monitoring and recognition via nonlinear synergistic pressure sensing. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu1598. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wearable insole-based pressure sensor systems have gained attention for continuous gait monitoring, showing potential for preventing, diagnosing, and treating conditions such as lumbar degenerative disease and diabetic foot ulcers. However, challenges such as nonlinear response, low stability, and energy limitations have hindered widespread adoption. Here, we report a fully integrated, self-powered, wireless smart insole designed for plantar pressure monitoring and real-time visualization and analysis of gait. The pressure sensor uses a nonlinear synergistic strategy, achieving remarkable linearity ( R 2 > 0.999 over 0 to 225 kilopascals) and high durability (>180,000 compression cycles). Powered by flexible solar cells, the insole features 22 pressure sensors, enabling spatially resolved pressure mapping and real-time visualization on a smartphone interface. Integration of a support vector machine model further enables accurate recognition of eight motion states, including static (e.g., sitting and standing) and dynamic (e.g., walking, running, and squatting) activities. The smart insole provides a practical solution for improving clinical assessments, personalized treatments, and biomechanics research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qi Wang and Hui Guan and Chen Wang and Peiming Lei and Hongwei Sheng and Huasheng Bi and Jinkun Hu and Chenhui Guo and Yichuan Mao and Jiao Yuan and Mingjiao Shao and Zhiwen Jin and Jinghua Li and Wei Lan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1598}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu1598}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A wireless, self-powered smart insole for gait monitoring and recognition via nonlinear synergistic pressure sensing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dihydroxyacetone phosphate generated in the chloroplast mediates the activation of TOR by CO2 and light. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu1240. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light and CO 2 assimilation activate the target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase in photosynthetic cells, but how these signals are transmitted to TOR is unknown. Using the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system, we identified dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) as the key metabolite regulating TOR in response to carbon and light cues. Metabolomic analyses of synchronized cells revealed that DHAP levels change more than any other metabolite between dark- and light-grown cells and that the addition of the DHAP precursor, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), was sufficient to activate TOR in the dark. We also demonstrated that TOR was insensitive to light or inorganic carbon but not to exogenous DHA in a Chlamydomonas mutant defective in the export of DHAP from the chloroplast. Our results provide a metabolic basis for the mode of TOR control by light and inorganic carbon and indicate that cytoplasmic DHAP is an important metabolic regulator of TOR.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manuel J. Mallén-Ponce and Andrea M. Quintero-Moreno and Samuel Gámez-Arcas and Arthur R. Grossman and María Esther Pérez-Pérez and José L. Crespo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1240}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu1240}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dihydroxyacetone phosphate generated in the chloroplast mediates the activation of TOR by CO2 and light}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Novel color via stimulation of individual photoreceptors at population scale. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu1052. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We introduce a principle, Oz, for displaying color imagery: directly controlling the human eye’s photoreceptor activity via cell-by-cell light delivery. Theoretically, novel colors are possible through bypassing the constraints set by the cone spectral sensitivities and activating M cone cells exclusively. In practice, we confirm a partial expansion of colorspace toward that theoretical ideal. Attempting to activate M cones exclusively is shown to elicit a color beyond the natural human gamut, formally measured with color matching by human subjects. They describe the color as blue-green of unprecedented saturation. Further experiments show that subjects perceive Oz colors in image and video form. The prototype targets laser microdoses to thousands of spectrally classified cones under fixational eye motion. These results are proof-of-principle for programmable control over individual photoreceptors at population scale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James Fong and Hannah K. Doyle and Congli Wang and Alexandra E. Boehm and Sofie R. Herbeck and Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan and Brian P. Schmidt and Pavan Tiruveedhula and John E. Vanston and William S. Tuten and Ramkumar Sabesan and Austin Roorda and Ren Ng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1052}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu1052}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Novel color via stimulation of individual photoreceptors at population scale}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hippocampal perineuronal net degradation identifies prefrontal and striatal circuits involved in schizophrenia-like changes in marmosets. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu0975. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In schizophrenia, anterior hippocampus (aHipp) overactivity is associated with orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) dysfunction, but the contribution to symptomatology is unknown. In rodents, degradation of the hippocampal perineuronal net (PNN) replicates this overactivity, but uncertainty over rodent/human prefrontal homology limits translation to humans. Here, we test the hypothesis that aHipp PNN degradation in a species with a human-like prefrontal cortex, the marmoset, alters aHipp-striatal and aHipp-OFC circuitry. Microdialysis and [ 18 F]-fluoro- l -dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography identified increased dopamine synthesis in the associative striatum, but not the nucleus accumbens, as is seen in schizophrenia, and elevated dopamine and noradrenaline in the OFC. Behaviorally, activity was elevated in a marmoset version of the amphetamine-induced activity test, and impaired probabilistic discrimination learning was seen in an OFC/striatum-dependent task that computational modeling suggests was due to loss of goal-directed behavior. Together, these findings demonstrate that a loss of primate aHipp PNNs is sufficient to induce striatal and prefrontal dysfunction consistent with that observed in humans with schizophrenia.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Miriam A. Gwilt and Amy R. Hodgson and Sebastian F. A. Axelsson and Gemma J. Cockcroft and Lauren B. McIver and Matthew Hird and Arkadiusz Stasiak and Colin McKenzie and Samantha H.-Y. Ip and Rudolf N. Cardinal and Stephen J. Sawiak and Selena Milosevic-Sephton and Franklin I. Aigbirhio and Young T. Hong and Timothy D. Fryer and Hannah F. Clarke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0975}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu0975}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hippocampal perineuronal net degradation identifies prefrontal and striatal circuits involved in schizophrenia-like changes in marmosets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evidence for a polar circumbinary exoplanet orbiting a pair of eclipsing brown dwarfs. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu0627. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {One notable example of exoplanet diversity is the population of circumbinary planets, which orbit around both stars of a binary star system. There are, so far, only 16 known circumbinary exoplanets, all of which lie in the same orbital plane as the host binary. Suggestions indicate that circumbinary planets could also exist on orbits highly inclined to the binary, close to 90°, polar orbits. No such planets have been found yet, but polar circumbinary gas and debris discs have been observed, and if these were to form planets, then those would be left on a polar orbit. We report strong evidence for a polar circumbinary exoplanet, which orbits a close pair of brown dwarfs that are on an eccentric orbit. We use radial velocities to measure a retrograde apsidal precession for the binary and show that this can only be attributed to the presence of a polar planet.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas A. Baycroft and Lalitha Sairam and Amaury H. M. J. Triaud and Alexandre C. M. Correia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0627}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu0627}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evidence for a polar circumbinary exoplanet orbiting a pair of eclipsing brown dwarfs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanism of DNA replication fork breakage and PARP1 hyperactivation during replication catastrophe. SCIADV, 11(16), eadu0437. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibition triggers a surge in origin firing, resulting in increased levels of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) that rapidly deplete all available RPA. This leaves ssDNA unprotected and susceptible to breakage, a phenomenon known as replication catastrophe. However, the mechanism by which unprotected ssDNA breaks remains unclear. Here, we reveal that APOBEC3B is the key enzyme targeting unprotected ssDNA at replication forks, initiating a reaction cascade that induces fork collapse and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) hyperactivation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that uracils generated by APOBEC3B at replication forks are removed by UNG2, resulting in abasic sites that are subsequently cleaved by APE1 endonuclease. Moreover, we show that APE1-mediated DNA cleavage is the critical enzymatic step for PARP1 hyperactivation in cells, regardless of how abasic sites are generated on DNA. Last, we demonstrate that APOBEC3B-induced PARP1 trapping and DNA double-strand breaks drive cell sensitivity to ATR inhibition, creating a context of synthetic lethality when coupled with PARP inhibitors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pedro Ortega and Elodie Bournique and Junyi Li and Ambrocio Sanchez and Gisselle Santiago and Brooke R. Harris and Josefine Striepen and John Maciejowski and Abby M. Green and Rémi Buisson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0437}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadu0437}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanism of DNA replication fork breakage and PARP1 hyperactivation during replication catastrophe}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Critical roles of chronic BCR signaling in the differentiation of anergic b cells into age-associated b cells in aging and autoimmunity. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt8199. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Age-associated B cells (ABCs) with autoreactive properties accumulate with age and expand prematurely in autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms behind ABC generation and maintenance remain poorly understood. We show that continuous B cell receptor (BCR) signaling is essential for ABC development from anergic B cells in aged and autoimmune mice. ABCs exhibit constitutive BCR activation, with surface BCRs being internalized. Notably, anergic B cells, but not nonautoreactive B cells, contributed to ABC formation in these models. Anergic B cells also showed a greater propensity for in vitro differentiation into ABCs, which was inhibited by the expression of the transcription factor Nr4a1. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), a key BCR signaling component, was constitutively activated in ABCs from aged and autoimmune mice as well as patients with lupus. Inhibiting Btk reduced ABC numbers and ameliorated the pathogenicity of lupus mice. Our findings reveal critical mechanisms underlying ABC development and offer previously unrecognized therapeutic insights for autoimmune diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Keisuke Imabayashi and Yutaro Yada and Kazuhiko Kawata and Motoki Yoshimura and Takeshi Iwasaki and Akemi Baba and Akihito Harada and Koichi Akashi and Hiroaki Niiro and Yoshihiro Baba}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8199}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt8199}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Critical roles of chronic BCR signaling in the differentiation of anergic b cells into age-associated b cells in aging and autoimmunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kinetic implications of IP6 anion binding on the molecular switch of HIV-1 capsid assembly. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt7818. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {HIV-1 capsid (CA) proteins self-assemble into a fullerene-shaped CA, enabling cellular transport and nuclear entry of the viral genome. A structural switch comprising the Thr-Val-Gly- Gly (TVGG) motif either assumes a disordered coil or a 3 10 helix conformation to regulate hexamer or pentamer assembly, respectively. The cellular polyanion inositol hexakisphosphate (IP 6 ) binds to a positively charged pore of CA capsomers rich in arginine and lysine residues mediated by electrostatic interactions. Both IP 6 binding and TVGG coil-to-helix transition are essential for pentamer formation. However, the connection between IP 6 binding and TVGG conformational switch remains unclear. Using extensive atomistic simulations, we show that IP 6 imparts structural order at the central ring, which results in multiple kinetically controlled events leading to the coil-to-helix conformational change of the TVGG motif. IP 6 facilitates the helix-to-coil transition by allowing the formation of intermediate conformations. Our results suggest a key kinetic role of IP 6 in HIV-1 pentamer formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manish Gupta and Arpa Hudait and Mark Yeager and Gregory A. Voth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7818}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt7818}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kinetic implications of IP6 anion binding on the molecular switch of HIV-1 capsid assembly}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Persistent IgG1 clones dominate and personalize the plasma antibody repertoire. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt7746. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibodies play a pivotal role in the immune defense and long-term immunity. Yet, while several studies have highlighted the persistence of antigen-specific antibody responses, it is unclear whether this stems from the continuous production of the same clones or recurrent activation of B cells generating new clones. To examine the stability of the human antibody repertoire, we monitored the concentrations of the most abundant IgG1 clones in plasma samples of 11 healthy donors at nine sampling points over a year. During this year, each donor received three doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Notwithstanding these vaccinations, the concentrations of the most abundant IgG1 clones remained constant. Given the 2- to 3-week half-life of IgG1 molecules in blood, our data suggest that these clones are associated with long-term immunity and do not undergo somatic hypermutation which would imply short-lived plasma cells. Overall, our data suggest that most of the abundant IgG1 clones in plasma are persistently produced by long-lived plasma cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danique M. H. van Rijswijck and Albert Bondt and Dina Raafat and Silva Holtfreter and Kilian A. Wietschel and Sjors P. A. van der Lans and Uwe Völker and Barbara M. Bröker and Albert J. R. Heck}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7746}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt7746}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Persistent IgG1 clones dominate and personalize the plasma antibody repertoire}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A METTL3-NFE2L3 axis mediates tumor stemness and progression in lung adenocarcinoma. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt7682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The progression of lung adenocarcinoma is primarily driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have self-renewal capabilities and confer resistance to therapies, including neoadjuvant treatments combining chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study, we identified that OV6 + tumor cells exhibit stem-like characteristics and are notably enriched in patients with non–major pathological response, closely associated with resistance to combination therapies. Hypoxia and HIF1α were found to drive the formation of OV6 + CSCs. METTL3, a methyltransferase, was revealed as a critical regulator of OV6 + CSCs by stabilizing NFE2L3 messenger RNA via an N 6 -methyladenosine–dependent manner, thereby up-regulating NFE2L3 and activating the intrinsic WNT signaling pathway essential for maintaining stemness. OV6 + tumor cells promoted M2 macrophage infiltration and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting METTL3 effectively eliminated OV6 + CSCs and suppressed tumor progression. Moreover, the combination of STM2457 with cisplatin overcame chemoresistance, remodeled the TME, and provided promising insights for enhancing the efficacy of neoadjuvant combination therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yue Zhao and Lei Zhang and Lang Xia and Haoran E and Tao Wang and Huinan Lu and Hezhong Chen and Yunlang She and Hao Tang and Junqi Wu and Deping Zhao and Chang Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt7682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A METTL3-NFE2L3 axis mediates tumor stemness and progression in lung adenocarcinoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A direct effect of the hematocrit on blood glucose: Evidence from hypoxia- and erythropoietin-treated mice. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt7366. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Blood glucose is lower in mountain dwellers living under low partial oxygen pressure. We show that obese mice maintained under hypoxia exhibit a delayed but distinct decrease in blood glucose with improved insulin sensitivity, which is independent of changes in body weight. This effect of hypoxia is mediated by erythropoiesis and is a direct result of the rising hematocrit, which could be due to erythrocytes acting as carriers of glucose units in the blood. Glucose lowering by the red cell mass is evidenced by a prompt decrease in glycemia in mice receiving a blood transfusion. Furthermore, life under hypoxia as well as treatment with erythropoietin reduce glycemia also in mice expressing the erythropoietin receptor exclusively in hematopoietic cells, which contrasts with previous assumptions attributing metabolic actions of erythropoietin to direct action on nonhematopoietic tissues. Our results provide a rationale for associations between hematocrit and blood glucose in humans under anti-anemic therapy, polycythemia, smoking, and high-altitude exposure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas Scherer and Matthäus Metz and Marianna Beghini and Martin Bilban and Lisa Gensthaler and Andreea C. Luca and Mairam Kaplanian and Sameer Abu Eid and Oliver Koldyka and Martina T. Hackl and Sabine Dürr and Elisa Rivelles and Stefanie S. Schönecker and Lisa Pöltl and Ayperi Kaya and Rime Chami and Laura Nusko and Claudia Tschare and Kathleen Ablaza and Anna-Lena Höbler and Peter Klimek and Michael Leutner and Masayuki Yamamoto and Norio Suzuki and Kerstin Stemmer and Maximilian Zeyda and Daniel Steinacher and Lukas Nics and Antonia M. S. Müller and Thomas H. Helbich and Richard Moriggl and Alexandra Kautzky-Willer and Ursula Windberger and Gerhard Prager and Clemens Fürnsinn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7366}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt7366}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A direct effect of the hematocrit on blood glucose: Evidence from hypoxia- and erythropoietin-treated mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineering bacteriophages through deep mining of metagenomic motifs. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt6432. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteriophages can adapt to new hosts by altering sequence motifs through recombination or convergent evolution. Where these motifs exist and what fitness advantage they confer remains largely unknown. We report a new method, Metagenomic Sequence Informed Functional Scoring (Meta-SIFT), to find sequence motifs in metagenomic datasets to engineer phage activity. Meta-SIFT uses experimental deep mutational scanning data to create sequence profiles to mine metagenomes for functional motifs invisible to other searches. We experimentally tested ~17,000 Meta-SIFT–derived sequence motifs in the receptor binding protein of the T7 phage. The screen revealed thousands of T7 variants with novel host specificity with motifs sourced from distant families. Position, substitution, and location preferences dictated specificity across a panel of 20 hosts and conditions. To demonstrate therapeutic utility, we engineered active T7 variants against foodborne pathogen Escherichia coli O121. Meta-SIFT is a powerful tool to unlock the potential encoded in phage metagenomes to engineer bacteriophages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Phil Huss and Kristopher Kieft and Anthony Meger and Kyle Nishikawa and Karthik Anantharaman and Srivatsan Raman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6432}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt6432}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineering bacteriophages through deep mining of metagenomic motifs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Progesterone signaling in oviductal epithelial cells modulates the immune response to support preimplantation embryonic development. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt6113. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {More than 60% of pregnancy losses occur during the first trimester, highlighting the need to understand the role of the oviduct in early pregnancy. In this study, we conditionally ablated the classical progesterone receptor ( Pgr ) in oviductal epithelial cells, called the Pgr d/d mouse model. We found that 40% of embryos collected from Pgr d/d females were nonviable or developmentally delayed, indicating that epithelial PGR expression is crucial for embryonic development. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed up-regulation of proinflammatory genes, including interleukin-22 (IL-22), in the epithelial cells of Pgr d/d females. Pharmacological inhibition of inflammation using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs significantly reduced IL-22 levels in the oviducts and rescued embryonic developmental rates in Pgr d/d females. Coculture of wild-type zygotes with IL-22 significantly decreased the number of expanded blastocysts. Our findings suggest that progesterone signaling is vital for immunoregulation and normal preimplantation development, potentially providing insights for developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies to address pregnancy failures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emily A. McGlade and Jiude Mao and Kalli K. Stephens and Ryan M. Marquardt and Feyza Nur Arguc and Peter F. Lais and San-Pin Wu and Sarayut Winuthayanon and Haval Shirwan and Esma S. Yolcu and Mark I. Hunter and James K. Pru and John P. Lydon and Francesco J. DeMayo and Wipawee Winuthayanon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6113}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt6113}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Progesterone signaling in oviductal epithelial cells modulates the immune response to support preimplantation embryonic development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sustained mTORC1 activation in activated t cells impairs vaccine responses in older individuals. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt4881. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {T cell aging contributes to the lower vaccine efficacy in older adults, yet the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show the density of initially responding naïve CD4 + T cells is instructive in T follicular helper (TFH) cell fate decisions and declines with age. A lower number of initially responding cells did not affect TFH differentiation at peak responses after immunization but accounted for an increased contraction phase manifesting as a larger loss of CXCR5 expression. Mechanistically, cells activated at a lower initial density had more sustained mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activities that impair CXCR5 maintenance. YAP-dependent regulation of SLC7A5 involved in the cell density–dependent regulation of mTORC1 activities and TFH loss. Old mice fed with a leucine-restricted diet after peak responses showed smaller TFH loss and improved humoral immune responses. Attenuating mTORC1 signaling after peak response is a strategy to boost vaccine responses in older individuals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaorong Lin and Yanhua Du and Shuo Kan and Junjie Chen and Yunxue Yin and Linlin Li and Jingwen Chen and Wenrong Jiang and Wenqiang Cao and Chulwoo Kim and Liang Chen and Shiwen Wang and Jorg J. Goronzy and Jun Jin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4881}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt4881}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sustained mTORC1 activation in activated t cells impairs vaccine responses in older individuals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deubiquitinase USP24 activated by IL-6/STAT3 enhances PD-1 protein stability and suppresses t cell antitumor response. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt4258. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Persisting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) signaling impairs T cell effector function, which is highly associated with T cell exhaustion and immunotherapy failure. However, the mechanism responsible for PD-1 deubiquitination and T cell dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we show that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 24 (USP24) promotes PD-1 protein stability by removing K48-linked polyubiquitin. Increased interleukin-6 level transcriptionally activates the USP24 expression, which leads to PD-1 stabilization. Furthermore, USP24 deficiency reduces PD-1 levels in CD8 + T cells and attenuates Egfr L858R -driven lung tumorigenesis in Usp24 C1695A catalytic deficient mice. Targeting PD-1 stability with the USP24-specific inhibitor USP24-i-101 boosts cytotoxic T cell activity, restrains lung tumor growth, and achieves superior therapeutic effects when combined with anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy. Clinically, patients with lung cancer exhibiting high USP24 expression in tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells display exhausted features and show unfavorable responses to immunotherapy. Our findings dissect the mechanism for regulating enhanced PD-1 stability in tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells and reveal USP24 as a potential target of antitumor immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hung-Chia Hsieh and Ming-Jer Young and Kuan-Yu Chen and Wu-Chou Su and Chien-Chung Lin and Yi-Ting Yen and Jan-Jong Hung and Yi-Ching Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4258}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt4258}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deubiquitinase USP24 activated by IL-6/STAT3 enhances PD-1 protein stability and suppresses t cell antitumor response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ crystallographic mapping constrains sulfate precipitation and timing in jezero crater, mars. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt3048. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Late-stage Ca-sulfate–filled fractures are common on Mars. Notably, the Shenandoah formation in the western edge of Jezero crater preserves a variety of Ca-sulfate minerals in the fine-grained siliciclastic rocks explored by the Perseverance rover. However, the depositional environment and timing of the formation of these sulfates are unknown. To address this outstanding problem, we developed a technique to map the crystal orientations of these sulfates in situ at two stratigraphically similar locations in the Shenandoah formation, allowing us to constrain the burial depth and paleoenvironment at the time of their precipitation. Our crystal orientation mapping results and outcrop-scale fracture analyses reveal two different generations of Ca-sulfates: one likely precipitated in the shallow subsurface and a second one that formed at a burial depth below 80 meters. These results indicate that two studied locations capture two different times and distinct chemical conditions in the sedimentary history of the Shenandoah formation, providing multiple opportunities to evaluate surface and subsurface habitability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael W. M. Jones and David T. Flannery and Joel A. Hurowitz and Mike T. Tice and Christoph E. Schrank and Abigail C. Allwood and Nicholas J. Tosca and David C. Catling and Scott J. VanBommel and Abigail L. Knight and Briana Ganly and Kirsten L. Siebach and Kathleen C. Benison and Adrian P. Broz and Maria-Paz Zorzano and Chris M. Heirwegh and Brendan J. Orenstein and Benton C. Clark and Kimberly P. Sinclair and Andrew O. Shumway and Lawrence A. Wade and Scott Davidoff and Peter Nemere and Austin P. Wright and Adrian E. Galvin and Nicholas Randazzo and Jesús Martinez-Frias and Lauren P. O’Neil}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3048}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt3048}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ crystallographic mapping constrains sulfate precipitation and timing in jezero crater, mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hydrogen-induced disruption of the airway mucus barrier enhances nebulized RNA delivery to reverse pulmonary fibrosis. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt2752. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nebulized RNA therapies are well suited for treating respiratory diseases, in particular pulmonary fibrosis (PF); however, effective delivery remains challenging. In this study, we present a highly efficient aerosol inhalation system that enables high levels of in vivo transfection efficiency in lung macrophages, yielding durable responses against PF. First, we established a nose-only aerosol inhalation device integrated with a hydrogen supplement system. This setup enables the precise administration of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) at a controlled low dose, while simultaneously delivering the optimal concentration of therapeutic hydrogen gas. We further developed a hybrid lipid NP (HNP) by hybridizing a pH-dependent charge-inverting lipid film with apoptotic T cell membranes to enhance endosomal escape and trigger macrophage production of hepatocyte growth factor for lung repair. We demonstrated that the hydrogen flow–induced shear stresses disrupt the NP-mucus interaction, enhancing the deposition of aerosolized HNPs/ TGF β 1 siRNA within fibrotic lung lesions, effectively blocking fibrogenic signaling pathways and offering a clinically viable strategy for combating PF.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chang Liu and Xidong Tian and Zhenping Wang and Judith Choi Wo Mak and Shirui Mao and Tzu-Ming Liu and Ying Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2752}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt2752}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hydrogen-induced disruption of the airway mucus barrier enhances nebulized RNA delivery to reverse pulmonary fibrosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reciprocal phosphorylation between SOAK1 and SOBIR1 fine-tunes receptor-like protein (RLP)–mediated plant immunity. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt2315. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) is a receptor-like kinase (RLK) that acts as a coreceptor for multiple receptor-like proteins (RLPs) to mediate pathogen-associated molecular pattern)–triggered immunity. However, the regulation of SOBIR1 homeostasis and activity remains largely unknown. Our study reveals that SOBIR1-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (SOAK1), a member of the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK)-V subfamily with a transmembrane domain, negatively regulates multiple RLP-mediated immune responses. SOAK1 constitutively interacts with SOBIR1 and modulates SOBIR1-dependent immune signaling. SOAK1 directly phosphorylates SOBIR1 at serine-406, substantially impairing its ability to transphosphorylate itself and BAK1. The conservation of serine-406 residue among various flowering plants suggests that phosphorylation at this site plays a critical role in regulating plant immunity. Conversely, SOBIR1 also phosphorylates SOAK1 primarily at serine-73, inhibiting SOAK1’s kinase activity and derepressing SOBIR1 activity. This study elucidates a regulatory mechanism for SOBIR1 activity and highlights an uncharacterized role of RLCK-V subfamily members in plant immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongming Chen and Yingying Song and Zhipeng Tu and Weishuai Bi and Congcong Sun and Tingting Zhao and Xiaodan Wang and Daolong Dou and Guangyuan Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2315}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt2315}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reciprocal phosphorylation between SOAK1 and SOBIR1 fine-tunes receptor-like protein (RLP)–mediated plant immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The ectodomain sheddase ADAM10 restricts HIV-1 propagation and is counteracted by nef. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt1836. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {HIV-1 Nef enhances virus propagation by down-regulating CD4 and SERINC5. However, recent evidence points to the existence of an additional Nef-sensitive restriction mechanism. We now show that Nef suppresses the aberrant cleavage of HIV-1 gp41 by ADAM10, a virion-associated cellular ectodomain sheddase, and thus increases the amount of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) on virions. Additionally, Nef inhibits the shedding of at least some cellular ADAM10 substrates, resulting in their accumulation on HIV-1 virions. Whereas Nef + HIV-1 replicated only marginally better in the absence of ADAM10, the propagation of Nef − HIV-1 was notably rescued in ADAM10 − T cell lines. Crucially, Nef − HIV-1 also benefited from the absence of ADAM10 in primary CD4 + T cells. Collectively, our results indicate that ADAM10 negatively affects both laboratory-adapted and primary HIV-1 strains by shedding the ectodomains of viral and cellular transmembrane proteins from virions and that Nef rescues virus replication by counteracting ADAM10.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Balaji Olety and Yoshiko Usami and Paul Peters and Yuanfei Wu and Heinrich Göttlinger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1836}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt1836}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The ectodomain sheddase ADAM10 restricts HIV-1 propagation and is counteracted by nef}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deriving mobility-lifetime products in halide perovskite films from spectrally and time-resolved photoluminescence. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt1171. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead-halide perovskites are semiconductor materials with attractive properties for photovoltaic and other optoelectronic applications. However, determining crucial electronic material parameters, such as charge-carrier mobility and lifetime, is plagued by a wide range of reported values and inconsistencies caused by interpreting and reporting data originating from different measurement techniques. Here, we propose a method for the simultaneous determination of mobility and lifetime using only one technique: transient photoluminescence spectroscopy. By measuring and simulating the decay of the photoluminescence intensity and the redshift of the photoluminescence peak as a function of time after the laser pulse, we extract the mobility, lifetime, and diffusion length of halide perovskite films. With a voltage-dependent steady-state photoluminescence measurement on a cell, we relate the diffusion length to the external voltage and quantify its value at the maximum power point.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ye Yuan and Genghua Yan and Samah Akel and Uwe Rau and Thomas Kirchartz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1171}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt1171}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deriving mobility-lifetime products in halide perovskite films from spectrally and time-resolved photoluminescence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Local suppression by link rewiring reveals discontinuous percolation transitions. SCIADV, 11(16), eadt0355. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {When a governor occupies links one by one to globally suppress the formation of large clusters, a macroscopic cluster emerges discontinuously. We report here a mechanism by which a macroscopic cluster emerges discontinuously when each node rewires its links to locally suppress the formation of large clusters as links are occupied. In this manner, each node may compete with its neighbors to suppress the growth of its cluster, but the formation of a macroscopic cluster is suppressed cooperatively, and this results in discontinuous percolation transitions. This result implies that each entity actively participating in suppressing macroscopic phenomena, such as an epidemic or forest fire, could potentially lead to a rapid outbreak.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Young Sul Cho}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0355}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadt0355}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Local suppression by link rewiring reveals discontinuous percolation transitions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In vivo dynamics of indole- and phenol-derived plant hormones: Long-term, continuous, and minimally invasive phytohormone sensor. SCIADV, 11(16), eads8733. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Specific phytohormone combinations regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli. Monitoring their distribution is key for understanding signaling cross-talk and detecting plant stress early. However, typical means of monitoring these chemicals are often laborious, destructive, or limited to model plants. In this study, we present an amperometric and minimally invasive sensing platform that can be attached to plant leaves for the simultaneous detection of two key phytohormones, auxin [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)] and salicylic acid (SA). The platform incorporates magnetized microneedles coated with superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 intercalated into a scaffold of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). It achieves detection limits of 1.41 μM (IAA) and 1.15 μM (SA) with a strong correlation ( R 2 ≥ 0.7) to ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry measurements. Furthermore, implementing cyclical amperometric cleaning extends the sensor lifespan by preventing electrode passivation. Last, the sensor’s capability to monitor the real-time plant responses to several stressors is validated, showcasing its potential for phytodiagnostics and precision farming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abdullah H. Bukhamsin and Saptami S. Shetty and Esraa Fakeih and Mario Soto Martinez and Cecilia Lerma and Mufeeda Mundummal and Jian You Wang and Jürgen Kosel and Salim Al-Babili and Ikram Blilou and Khaled N. Salama}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8733}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads8733}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In vivo dynamics of indole- and phenol-derived plant hormones: Long-term, continuous, and minimally invasive phytohormone sensor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A conserved opal termination codon optimizes a temperature-dependent trade-off between protein production and processing in alphaviruses. SCIADV, 11(16), eads7933. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most mosquito-transmitted alphaviruses encode a premature opal termination codon upstream of their viral polymerase. We show that the Sindbis virus (SINV) opal codon outperforms other stop codons in primate cells at 37°C due to optimal translational readthrough. However, increased readthrough of all stop codons reduces opal preference at 28°C in primate and mosquito cells. Opal also outperforms all sense codons because opal-to-sense substitutions lead to excess polyprotein production at 37°C, disrupting orderly polyprotein processing and production of viral genomic RNAs (gRNAs) required for virus production. Increased readthrough at 28°C dampens the fitness advantages of opal codons. Unexpectedly, we find that a naturally occurring SINV mutation restores sense-codon fitness by further delaying polyprotein processing, allowing adequate time to produce gRNAs. Similar temperature-dependent mechanisms occur in the distantly related dual-host alphavirus, Ross River virus. Our work highlights sophisticated strategies dual-host alphaviruses use to optimize replication in divergent temperatures through a single codon.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tamanash Bhattacharya and Eva M. Alleman and Tiia S. Freeman and Alexander C. Noyola and Michael Emerman and Harmit S. Malik}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7933}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads7933}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A conserved opal termination codon optimizes a temperature-dependent trade-off between protein production and processing in alphaviruses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A genetic variant in SMAD7 acts as a modifier of LMNA-associated muscular dystrophy, implicating SMAD signaling as a therapeutic target. SCIADV, 11(16), eads7903. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mutations in LMNA cause multiple types of muscular dystrophy ( LMNA -MD). The symptoms of LMNA -MD are highly variable and sensitive to genetic background. To identify genetic contributions to this phenotypic variability, we performed whole-genome sequencing on four siblings possessing the same LMNA mutation with differing degrees of skeletal muscle disease severity. We identified a variant in SMAD7 that segregated with severe muscle disease. To functionally test the SMAD7 variant, we generated a Drosophila model possessing the LMNA mutation and the SMAD7 variant in the orthologous fly genes. The SMAD7 variant increased SMAD signaling and enhanced muscle defects caused by the mutant lamin. Conversely, overexpression of wild-type SMAD7 rescued muscle function. These findings were extended to humans by showing that SMAD signaling is increased in muscle biopsy tissue from individuals with LMNA -MD compared to age-matched controls. Collectively, our findings support SMAD7 as the first functionally tested genetic modifier for LMNA -MD and suggest components of the SMAD pathway as therapeutic targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nathaniel P. Mohar and Christopher J. Langland and Zachary Darr and Jill Viles and Steven A. Moore and Benjamin W. Darbro and Lori L. Wallrath}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7903}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads7903}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A genetic variant in SMAD7 acts as a modifier of LMNA-associated muscular dystrophy, implicating SMAD signaling as a therapeutic target}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Live-cell quantification reveals viscoelastic regulation of synapsin condensates by α-synuclein. SCIADV, 11(16), eads7627. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synapsin and α-synuclein represent a growing list of condensate-forming proteins where the material states of condensates are directly linked to cellular functions (e.g., neurotransmission) and pathology (e.g., neurodegeneration). However, quantifying condensate material properties in living systems has been a substantial challenge. Here, we develop micropipette aspiration and whole-cell patch-clamp (MAPAC), a platform that allows direct material quantification of condensates in live cells. We find 10,000-fold variations in the viscoelasticity of synapsin condensates, regulated by the partitioning of α-synuclein, a marker for synucleinopathies. Through in vitro reconstitutions, we identify multiple molecular factors that distinctly regulate the viscosity, interfacial tension, and maturation of synapsin condensates, confirming the cellular roles of α-synuclein. Overall, our study provides unprecedented quantitative insights into the material properties of neuronal condensates and reveals a crucial role of α-synuclein in regulating condensate viscoelasticity. Furthermore, we envision MAPAC applicable to study a broad range of condensates in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huan Wang and Christian Hoffmann and Johannes V. Tromm and Xiao Su and Jordan Elliott and Han Wang and Mengying Deng and Conor McClenaghan and Jean Baum and Zhiping P. Pang and Dragomir Milovanovic and Zheng Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7627}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads7627}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Live-cell quantification reveals viscoelastic regulation of synapsin condensates by α-synuclein}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electric field–confined synthesis of single atomic TiOxCy electrocatalytic membranes. SCIADV, 11(16), eads7154. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrocatalysis exhibits certain benefits for water purification, but the low performance of electrodes severely hampers its utility. Here, we report a general strategy for fabricating high-performance three-dimensional (3D) porous electrodes with ultrahigh electrochemical active surface area and single-atom catalysts from earth-abundant elements. We demonstrate a binder-free dual electrospinning-electrospraying (DESP) strategy to densely distribute single atomic Ti and titanium oxycarbide (TiO x C y ) sub–3-nm clusters throughout interconnected carbon nanofibers (CNs). The composite offers ultrahigh conductivity and mechanical robustness (ultrasonication resistant). The resulting TiO x C y filtration membrane exhibits record-high water purification capability with excellent permeability (~8370 liter m −2 hour −1 bar −1 ), energy efficiency (e.g., >99% removal of toxins within 1.25 s at 0.022 kWh·m −3 per order), and erosion resistance. The hierarchical design of the TiO x C y membrane facilitates rapid and energy-efficient electrocatalysis through both direct electron transfer and indirect reactive oxygen species ( 1 O 2 , · OH, and O 2 · − , etc.) oxidations. The electric field–confined DESP strategy provides a general platform for making high-performance 3D electrodes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifan Gao and Shuai Liang and Chengxu Jiang and Mengyao Gu and Quanbiao Zhang and Ali Abdelhafiz and Zhen Zhang and Ying Han and Yang Yang and Xiaoyuan Zhang and Peng Liang and Ju Li and Xia Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7154}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads7154}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electric field–confined synthesis of single atomic TiOxCy electrocatalytic membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial analysis of mitochondrial gene expression reveals dynamic translation hubs and remodeling in stress. SCIADV, 11(16), eads6830. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein- and RNA-rich bodies contribute to the spatial organization of gene expression in the cell and are also sites of quality control critical to cell fitness. In most eukaryotes, mitochondria harbor their own genome, and all steps of mitochondrial gene expression co-occur within a single compartment—the matrix. Here, we report that processed mitochondrial RNAs are consolidated into micrometer-scale translation hubs distal to mitochondrial DNA transcription and RNA processing sites in human cells. We find that, during stress, mitochondrial messenger and ribosomal RNA are sequestered in mesoscale bodies containing mitoribosome components, concurrent with suppression of active translation. Stress bodies are triggered by proteotoxic stress downstream of double-stranded RNA accumulation in cells lacking unwinding activity of the highly conserved helicase SUPV3L1/SUV3. We propose that the spatial organization of nascent polypeptide synthesis into discrete domains serves to throttle the flow of genetic information to support recovery of mitochondrial quality control.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adam Begeman and John A. Smolka and Ahmad Shami and Tejashree Pradip Waingankar and Samantha C. Lewis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6830}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads6830}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial analysis of mitochondrial gene expression reveals dynamic translation hubs and remodeling in stress}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides mediate immune protection in marsupial neonates. SCIADV, 11(16), eads6359. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marsupial neonates are born with immature immune systems, making them vulnerable to pathogens. While neonates receive maternal protection, they can also independently combat pathogens, although the mechanisms remain unknown. Using the sugar glider ( Petaurus breviceps ) as a model, we investigated immunological defense strategies of marsupial neonates. Cathelicidins—a family of antimicrobial peptides expanded in the genomes of marsupials—are highly expressed in developing neutrophils. Sugar glider cathelicidins reside in two genomic clusters, and their coordinated expression is achieved by enhancer sharing within clusters and long-range physical interactions between clusters. Functionally, cathelicidins modulate immune responses and have potent antibacterial effects, sufficient to provide protection in a mouse model of sepsis. Evolutionarily, cathelicidins have a complex history, with marsupials and monotremes uniquely retaining both clusters among tetrapods. Thus, cathelicidins are critical mediators of marsupial immunity, and their evolution may reflect the life history–specific immunological needs of these animals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jongbeom Park and Wenfan Ke and Aellah Kaage and Charles Y. Feigin and Aaron H. Griffing and Yuri Pritykin and Mohamed S. Donia and Ricardo Mallarino}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6359}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads6359}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides mediate immune protection in marsupial neonates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A palette of bright and photostable monomeric fluorescent proteins for bacterial time-lapse imaging. SCIADV, 11(16), eads6201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are pivotal for examining protein production, localization, and dynamics in live bacterial cells. However, the use of FPs in time-lapse imaging is frequently constrained by issues such as oligomerization or limited photostability. Here, we report the engineering of novel cyan, green, yellow, and red FPs that exhibit improved photostability and aggregation properties while retaining high in vivo brightness. We first derived superfolder green fluorescent protein into mChartreuse, a brighter, more photostable, and monomeric fluorophore. mChartreuse was further derived into cyan and yellow variants with enhanced photostability and dispersibility. We also report a mutation that eliminates residual oligomerization in red FPs derived from Discosoma sp., such as mCherry or mApple. Incorporation of this mutation in mApple among other substitutions yielded mLychee, a bright and photostable monomeric red FP. These novel FPs advance fluorescence time-lapse analysis in bacteria, and their spectral properties match current imaging standards, ensuring seamless integration into existing research workflows.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nathan Fraikin and Agathe Couturier and Romain Mercier and Christian Lesterlin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads6201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A palette of bright and photostable monomeric fluorescent proteins for bacterial time-lapse imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topology optimization of random memristors for input-aware dynamic SNN. SCIADV, 11(16), eads5340. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Machine learning has advanced unprecedentedly, exemplified by GPT-4 and SORA. However, they cannot parallel human brains in efficiency and adaptability due to differences in signal representation, optimization, runtime reconfigurability, and hardware architecture. To address these challenges, we introduce pruning optimization for input-aware dynamic memristive spiking neural network (PRIME). PRIME uses spiking neurons to emulate brain’s spiking mechanisms and optimizes the topology of random memristive SNNs inspired by structural plasticity, effectively mitigating memristor programming stochasticity. It also uses the input-aware early-stop policy to reduce latency and leverages memristive in-memory computing to mitigate von Neumann bottleneck. Validated on a 40-nm, 256-K memristor-based macro, PRIME achieves comparable classification accuracy and inception score to software baselines, with energy efficiency improvements of 37.8× and 62.5×. In addition, it reduces computational loads by 77 and 12.5% with minimal performance degradation and demonstrates robustness to stochastic memristor noise. PRIME paves the way for brain-inspired neuromorphic computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Wang and Xinyuan Zhang and Shaocong Wang and Ning Lin and Yi Li and Yifei Yu and Yue Zhang and Jichang Yang and Xiaoshan Wu and Yangu He and Songqi Wang and Tao Wan and Rui Chen and Guoqi Li and Yue Deng and Xiaojuan Qi and Zhongrui Wang and Dashan Shang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5340}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads5340}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topology optimization of random memristors for input-aware dynamic SNN}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Statistical analysis of fluorescence intensity transients with bayesian methods. SCIADV, 11(16), eads4609. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Molecular movement and interactions at the single-molecule level, particularly in live cells, are often studied using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). While powerful, FCS has notable drawbacks: It requires high laser intensities and long acquisition times, increasing phototoxicity, and often relies on problematic statistical assumptions in data fitting. We introduce fluorescence intensity trace statistical analysis (FITSA), a Bayesian method that directly analyzes fluorescence intensity traces. FITSA offers faster, more stable convergence than previous approaches and provides robust parameter estimation from far shorter measurements than conventional FCS. Our results demonstrate that FITSA achieves comparable precision to FCS while requiring substantially fewer photons. This advantage becomes even more pronounced when accounting for statistical dependencies in FCS analysis, which are often overlooked but necessary for accurate error estimation. By reducing laser exposure, FITSA minimizes phototoxicity effects, representing a major advancement in the quantitative analysis of molecular processes across fields.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hamed Karimi and Martin Laasmaa and Margus Pihlak and Marko Vendelin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4609}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads4609}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Statistical analysis of fluorescence intensity transients with bayesian methods}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of a high-velocity cloud of the milky way as a potential dark galaxy. SCIADV, 11(16), eads4057. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-velocity clouds (HVCs) are composed of neutral hydrogen (H I) moving at velocities that deviate from the general rotational motion of the Milky Way. Now, the origins of the HVCs remain poorly known due to the difficulty in determining their distance and the lack of any other suitable identification. Here we report the detection of a compact gas clump in HVC AC-I, which displays characteristics typical of a disk galaxy, named AC G185.0-11.5, using the H I observations. We estimated the distance of AC G185.0-11.5 to be 277.7 − 141.6 + 291.3 kiloparsecs using the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation and constrained its H I gas mass to be between 3.0 × 10 7 and 4.7 × 10 8 solar masses. The distance determination indicates that the HVC AC-I hosting AC G185.0-11.5 is an extragalactic object in the Local Group. The absence of molecular gas and an optical counterpart for AC G185.0-11.5 implies that it may be a rare dark galaxy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao-Lan Liu and Jin-Long Xu and Peng Jiang and Ming Zhu and Chuan-Peng Zhang and Naiping Yu and Ye Xu and Xin Guan and Jun-Jie Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4057}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads4057}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of a high-velocity cloud of the milky way as a potential dark galaxy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metabolic rewiring caused by mitochondrial dysfunction promotes mTORC1-dependent skeletal aging. SCIADV, 11(16), eads1842. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Decline of mitochondrial respiratory chain (mtRC) capacity is a hallmark of mitochondrial diseases. Patients with mtRC dysfunction often present reduced skeletal growth as a sign of premature cartilage degeneration and aging, but how metabolic adaptations contribute to this phenotype is poorly understood. Here we show that, in mice with impaired mtRC in cartilage, reductive/reverse TCA cycle segments are activated to produce metabolite-derived amino acids and stimulate biosynthesis processes by mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation during a period of massive skeletal growth and biomass production. However, chronic hyperactivation of mTORC1 suppresses autophagy-mediated organelle recycling and disturbs extracellular matrix secretion to trigger chondrocytes death, which is ameliorated by targeting the reductive metabolism. These findings explain how a primarily beneficial metabolic adaptation response required to counterbalance the loss of mtRC function, eventually translates into profound cell death and cartilage tissue degeneration. The knowledge of these dysregulated key nutrient signaling pathways can be used to target skeletal aging in mitochondrial disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kristina Bubb and Julia Etich and Kristina Probst and Tanvi Parashar and Maximilian Schuetter and Frederik Dethloff and Susanna Reincke and Janica L. Nolte and Marcus Krüger and Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehard and Julian Nüchel and Constantinos Demetriades and Patrick Giavalisco and Jan Riemer and Bent Brachvogel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1842}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads1842}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metabolic rewiring caused by mitochondrial dysfunction promotes mTORC1-dependent skeletal aging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dietary methionine restriction started late in life promotes healthy aging in a sex-specific manner. SCIADV, 11(16), eads1532. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aging is associated with dysregulated methionine metabolism and increased levels of enzymes in the tyrosine degradation pathway (TDP). To investigate the efficacy of targeting either methionine metabolism or the TDP for healthspan improvement in advanced age, we initiated dietary MetR or TDP inhibition in 18-month-old C57BL/6J mice. MetR significantly improved neuromuscular function, metabolic health, lung function, and frailty. In addition, we confirmed improved neuromuscular function from dietary MetR in 5XFAD mice, whose weight was not affected by MetR. We did not observe benefits with TDP inhibition. Single-nucleus RNA and ATAC sequencing of muscle revealed cell type–specific responses to MetR, although MetR did not significantly affect mouse aging epigenetic clock markers. Similarly, an 8-week MetR intervention in a human trial (NCT04701346) showed no significant impact on epigenetic clocks. The observed benefits from late-life MetR provide translational rationale to develop MetR mimetics as an antiaging intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ulalume Hernández-Arciga and Ceda Stamenkovic and Shweta Yadav and Chiara Nicoletti and Wafaa N. Albalawy and Farazdaq Al hammood and Tiffany Fuentes Gonzalez and Maitreyi U. Naikwadi and Aidan Graham and Christian Smarz and Gabriela J. Little and Sean-Paul G. Williams and Brenda McMahon and Ian J. Sipula and Amber M. Vandevender and Byron Chuan and Diana Cooke and Antonio F. M. Pinto and Lisa C. Flores and Hannah L. Hartman and Jolene K. Diedrich and Robert T. Brooke and Jonathan K. Alder and Krystle A. Frahm and Laura E. Pascal and Emma Stolt and Hannibal Troensegaard and Bente Øvrebø and Amany Elshorbagy and Elsa Molina and Kathrine J. Vinknes and Roderick J. Tan and Ora A. Weisz and Marta Bueno and Oliver Eickelberg and Matthew L. Steinhauser and Toren Finkel and Gene P. Ables and Yuji Ikeno and Thomas Olsen and Alessandra Sacco and Michael J. Jurczak and Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo and Andrey A. Parkhitko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1532}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads1532}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dietary methionine restriction started late in life promotes healthy aging in a sex-specific manner}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia mutation reduces endothelial TDP-43 and causes blood-brain barrier defects. SCIADV, 11(16), eads0505. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mutations in the TARDBP gene encoding TDP-43 protein are linked to loss of function in neurons and familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We recently identified reduced nuclear TDP-43 in capillary endothelial cells (ECs) of donors with ALS-FTD. Because blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability increases in ALS-FTD, we postulated that reduced nuclear TDP-43 in ECs might contribute. Here, we show that nuclear TDP-43 is reduced in ECs of mice with an ALS-FTD–associated mutation in TDP-43 ( Tardbp G348C ) and that this leads to cell-autonomous loss of junctional complexes and BBB integrity. Targeted excision of TDP-43 in brain ECs recapitulates BBB defects and loss of junctional complexes and ultimately leads to fibrin deposition, gliosis, phospho-Tau accumulation, and impaired memory and social interaction. Transcriptional changes in TDP-43–deficient ECs resemble diseased brain ECs. These data show that nuclear loss of TDP-43 in brain ECs disrupts the BBB and causes hallmarks of FTD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashok Cheemala and Amy L. Kimble and Emily N. Burrage and Stephen B. Helming and Jordan D. Tyburski and Nathan K. Leclair and Omar M. Omar and Aamir R. Zuberi and Melissa Murphy and Evan R. Jellison and Bo Reese and Xiangyou Hu and Cathleen M. Lutz and Riqiang Yan and Patrick A. Murphy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0505}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads0505}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia mutation reduces endothelial TDP-43 and causes blood-brain barrier defects}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In vivo and in situ monitoring of doxorubicin pharmacokinetics with an implantable bioresorbable optical sensor. SCIADV, 11(16), eads0265. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cancer treatment, particularly chemotherapy, requires balancing efficacy and toxicity. Although traditional monitoring methods can lead to suboptimal outcomes, emerging implantable chemical sensors can complement them by providing precise, real-time drug monitoring at tumor sites, although the technology remains in its early stages. Here, we introduce an ultrathin, bioresorbable implantable biosensor for real-time doxorubicin monitoring in vivo with high spatiotemporal resolution. The sensor amplifies the drug’s fluorescence, enabling successful tracking of doxorubicin through the skin in live mice following intravenous injection. When paired with a reusable electronic patch, the biosensor facilitates seamless data collection and wireless transmission. A 3-month biocompatibility study, including systemic toxicity assessments, histological and blood analyses, confirms complete biodegradation with no observed toxicity. By directly measuring chemotherapeutic drug levels in tissues over time, our sensor enhances traditional monitoring methods, enabling clinicians to optimize dosing during cancer treatment and reduce the risk of locoregional recurrence following tumor removal.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Martina Corsi and Elena Maurina and Salvatore Surdo and Eleonora Vandini and Eleonora Daini and Antonietta Vilella and Giuseppina Leo and Moein Farshchian and Giulia Grisendi and Giulia Golinelli and Massimo Dominici and Guido Bocci and Daniela Giuliani and Giuseppe Barillaro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0265}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eads0265}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In vivo and in situ monitoring of doxorubicin pharmacokinetics with an implantable bioresorbable optical sensor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Permissive central tolerance plus defective peripheral checkpoints license pathogenic memory b cells in CASPR2-antibody encephalitis. SCIADV, 11(16), eadr9986. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Autoantibody-mediated diseases targeting one autoantigen provide a unique opportunity to comprehensively understand the development of disease-causing B cells and autoantibodies. Convention suggests that such autoreactivities are generated during germinal center reactions. Here, we explore earlier immune checkpoints, focusing on patients with contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2)–autoantibody encephalitis. In both disease and health, high (~0.5%) frequencies of unmutated CASPR2-reactive naïve B cells were identified. By contrast, CASPR2-reactive memory B cells were exclusive to patients, and their B cell receptors demonstrated affinity-enhancing somatic mutations with pathogenic effects in neuronal cultures and mice. The unmutated, precursor memory B cell receptors showed a distinctive balance between strong CASPR2 reactivity and very limited binding across the remaining human proteome. Our results identify permissive central tolerance, defective peripheral tolerance, and autoantigen-specific tolerance thresholds in humans as sequential steps that license CASPR2-directed pathology. By leveraging the basic immunobiology, we rationally direct tolerance-restoring approaches, with an experimental paradigm applicable across autoimmunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Sun and Dominique Fernandes and John Soltys and Anne-Kathrin Kienzler and Sofija Paneva and Ruby Harrison and Sudarshini Ramanathan and Anna L. Harrison and Mateusz Makuch and Miriam L. Fichtner and Robert F. Donat and Deniz Akdeniz and Halwan Bayuangga and Min Gyu Im and Robyn Williams and Ana Vasconcelos and Selina Thomsen and Andrew Fower and Ruyue Sun and Hannah Fox and Victor Mgbachi and Alexander Davies and Mandy Tseng and Adam Handel and Mark Kelly and Meng Zhao and James Bancroft and Rachael Bashford-Rogers and John V. Pluvinage and Ravi Dandekar and Bonny D. Alvarenga and Lynn B. Dustin and Simon Rinaldi and Ray Owens and Daniel Anthony and David L. Bennett and Patrick Waters and Simon J. Davis and Michael R. Wilson and Kevin C. O’Connor and Ana Luisa Carvalho and Sarosh R. Irani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9986}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadr9986}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Permissive central tolerance plus defective peripheral checkpoints license pathogenic memory b cells in CASPR2-antibody encephalitis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broadband localization of light at the termination of a topological photonic waveguide. SCIADV, 11(16), eadr9569. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Localized optical field enhancement enables strong light-matter interactions necessary for efficient manipulation and sensing of light. Specifically, tunable broadband energy localization in nanoscale hotspots offers many applications in nanophotonics and quantum optics. We experimentally demonstrate a mechanism for the local enhancement of electromagnetic fields based on strong suppression of backscattering. This is achieved at a designed termination of a topologically nontrivial waveguide that nearly preserves the valley degree of freedom. The symmetry origin of the valley degree of freedom prevents edge states to undergo intervalley scattering at waveguide discontinuities that obey the symmetry of the crystal. Using near-field microscopy, we reveal that this leads to strong confinement of light at the termination of a topological photonic waveguide, even without breaking reciprocity. We emphasize the importance of symmetry conservation by comparing different waveguide termination geometries, confirming that the origin of suppressed backscattering lies with the near conservation of the valley degree of freedom, and show the broad bandwidth of the effect.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel Muis and Yandong Li and René Barczyk and Sonakshi Arora and L. Kuipers and Gennady Shvets and Ewold Verhagen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9569}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadr9569}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broadband localization of light at the termination of a topological photonic waveguide}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Changes in the western flank of the north atlantic subtropical high since 1140 CE: Extremes, drivers, and hydroclimatic patterns. SCIADV, 11(16), eadr5065. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Summer circulation and moisture patterns in the Southeast United States are controlled by the position of the North Atlantic subtropical high. In a warming climate, the subtropical high is projected to strengthen and expand west, but there remains uncertainty regarding its variability and linkages to natural drivers. Here, we use a tree-ring network across the Southeast United States to reconstruct the relative intensity of the pressure gradient across the subtropical high’s western flank over the past 870 years. Variations in the flank’s position and the pressure gradient have been a major driver of the hydroclimate—including creating a Southeast-Caribbean moisture dipole—since 1140 CE. We document a significant increase in flank positional variability since 1900 CE, with westward migrations becoming more extreme. Likewise, major volcanic eruptions cause a multiyear period of westward positioning, leading to distinct regional moisture gradients. Our record highlights important changes in flank behavior, which has important implications for water resource management in a warming world.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joshua C. Bregy and Justin T. Maxwell and Scott M. Robeson and Grant L. Harley and Valerie Trouet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5065}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadr5065}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Changes in the western flank of the north atlantic subtropical high since 1140 CE: Extremes, drivers, and hydroclimatic patterns}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wandering of the auroral oval 41,000 years ago. SCIADV, 11(16), eadq7275. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the recent geological past, Earth’s magnetic field reduced to ~10% of the modern values and the magnetic poles shifted away from the geographic poles, causing the Laschamps geomagnetic excursion, about 41 millennia ago. The excursion lasted ~2000 years, with dipole strength reduction and tilting spanning 300 years. During this period, the geomagnetic field’s multipolarity resembled outer planets, causing rapid magnetospheric changes. To our knowledge, this study presents the first space plasma analysis of the excursion, linking the geomagnetic field, magnetospheric system, and upper atmosphere in sequence using feedback channels for distinct temporal epochs. A three-dimensional reconstruction of Earth’s geospace system shows that these shifts affected auroral regions and open magnetic field lines, causing them to expand and wander toward lower latitudes. These changes likely altered the upper atmosphere’s composition and influenced anthropological progress during that era. Looking through a modern lens, such an event would disrupt contemporary technology, including communications and satellite infrastructure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Agnit Mukhopadhyay and Sanja Panovska and Raven Garvey and Michael W. Liemohn and Natalia Ganjushkina and Austin Brenner and Ilya Usoskin and Mikhail Balikhin and Daniel T. Welling}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7275}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadq7275}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wandering of the auroral oval 41,000 years ago}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aggregation of α-synuclein splice isoforms through a phase separation pathway. SCIADV, 11(16), eadq5396. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The aggregation of α-synuclein (αSyn) is associated with Parkinson’s disease and other related synucleinopathies. Considerable efforts have thus been directed at understanding this process. However, the recently discovered condensation pathway, which involves the formation of phase-separated liquid intermediate states, has added further complexity. In parallel, it has been reported that different αSyn splice isoforms may be implicated in aggregate formation in disease. In this study, we compare the phase behavior of four αSyn isoforms (αSyn-140, αSyn-126, αSyn-112, and αSyn-98). Using different biophysical tools including confocal microscopy, kinetic assays and microfluidic-based approaches, we find stark differences between the four systems in their propensities to undergo phase separation and aggregation. Furthermore, we show that even small amounts of αSyn-112, one of the predominant isoforms after αSyn-140, can affect the phase separation of αSyn-140. These results highlight the importance of conducting further investigations to elucidate the role of alternative splicing in synucleinopathies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Röntgen and Zenon Toprakcioglu and Samuel T. Dada and Owen M. Morris and Tuomas P. J. Knowles and Michele Vendruscolo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5396}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadq5396}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aggregation of α-synuclein splice isoforms through a phase separation pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting PGM3 abolishes SREBP-1 activation-hexosamine synthesis feedback regulation to effectively suppress brain tumor growth. SCIADV, 11(16), eadq0334. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elevated hexosamine biosynthesis fuels tumor growth by facilitating protein and lipid glycosylation. But which enzyme in this pathway is better to serve as an antitumor target remains unclear. Here, we revealed that targeting GFAT1, the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine synthesis, exhibits limited inhibitory effects on glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal brain tumor. This outcome is due to the compensation of NAGK-mediated hexosamine salvage pathway. Unexpectedly, inhibiting PGM3, which controls the flux of both de novo hexosamine synthesis and salvage pathways, down-regulates the expression of other enzymes in this pathway and suppresses SREBP-1, a critical lipogenic transcription factor, effectively inhibiting GBM growth. Unexpectedly, SREBP-1 transcriptionally up-regulates the expression of hexosamine synthesis enzymes, while inhibition of these enzymes in turn down-regulates SREBP-1 activation via reducing N-glycosylation of its transporter, SCAP. Our study identified PGM3 as a promising target for treating GBM. Its inhibition disrupts the SREBP-1 activation-hexosamine synthesis positive feedback regulation to effectively eliminate GBM cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huali Su and Yaogang Zhong and Liqing He and Feng Geng and Xinmin Yin and Yongjun Kou and Cheng-Yao Chiang and Xiaokui Mo and Yunzhou Fan and Yanwei Liu and Qiang Wang and Shino Magaki and Timothy F. Cloughesy and Etienne Lefai and William H Yong and Arnab Chakravarti and Xiang Zhang and Deliang Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0334}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadq0334}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting PGM3 abolishes SREBP-1 activation-hexosamine synthesis feedback regulation to effectively suppress brain tumor growth}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optical coherent quantum control of ultrafast protein electron transfer. SCIADV, 11(16), eado9919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The optical control of a biological system has been challenging, although the control of the energy transfer and isomerization reaction has been successfully demonstrated. Here, we report on our studies of ultrafast electron-transfer (ET) dynamics in a protein flavodoxin as a function of optical pump-pulse chirp. With a transform-limited excitation pulse in 25 femtoseconds, we observed the excited-state wave packet dynamics in ET reactions with a dephasing time within 1 ps. By modulating the phase of the excitation pulses, the ultrafast ET dynamics was found to change from 100 to 300 fs due to the different wave packets prepared by chirped pulses. We further found that the coherent control through the modulated wave packets can propagate into the subsequent back ET reactions resulting in the dynamics varying from 500 to 800 fs. This successful demonstration of coherent controlled ET reactions paves the way to control a variety of complex ET processes in chemical and biological systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifei Zhang and Na Liu and Kangwei Niu and Xi Wang and Jie Yang and Faming Lu and Jie Chen and Dongping Zhong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eado9919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optical coherent quantum control of ultrafast protein electron transfer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nuclear accumulation of YTHDF1 regulates mRNA splicing in the DNA damage response. SCIADV, 11(16), eado7660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {YTH domain–containing family protein 1 (YTHDF1), a reader of N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A), has been implicated in regulating RNA metabolism in the cytosol. Here, we report a role of YTHDF1 within the nucleus in response to genotoxic stress. Upon radiation, YTHDF1 is phosphorylated at serine-182 in an ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related–dependent manner. This phosphorylation inhibits exportin 1–mediated nuclear export of YTHDF1, resulting in its accumulation within the nucleus. Nuclear YTHDF1 enhances the binding capacity of serine- and arginine-rich splicing factor 2 to a group of m 6 A-modified exons, leading to increased exon inclusion. Specifically, YTHDF1 promotes splicing and expression of DNA repair genes, such as BRCA1 and TP53BP1 , thereby mitigating excessive DNA damage. Depletion of YTHDF1 sensitizes cancer cells to radiation treatment. Together, our study reveals a crucial role of YTHDF1 in m 6 A-mediated messenger RNA splicing in the DNA damage response, proposing it as a potential target for radiation therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingyu Hou and Yunyi Gao and Bing Han and Sujun Yan and Saisai Wei and Xiangwei Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eado7660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nuclear accumulation of YTHDF1 regulates mRNA splicing in the DNA damage response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Navigating and attributing uncertainty in future tropical cyclone risk estimates. SCIADV, 11(16), eadn4607. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Future tropical cyclone risks will evolve with climate change and socioeconomic development, entailing substantial uncertainties. An uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of these risks is vital, yet the chosen model setup influences outcomes. This study investigates how much future tropical cyclone risks are driven by climate and socioeconomic changes, quantifies uncertainty from propagating alternate representations of these systems through the risk modeling chain, and evaluates how strongly each model input contributes to output uncertainty. By comparing these three elements—drivers, uncertainty, and sensitivity—across four distinct tropical cyclone models, we derive findings generalizable beyond individual model setups. We find that average tropical cyclone risk will increase 1 to 5% by 2050 globally, with maximum increases ranging from 10 to 400% by 2100, depending on tropical cyclone model choice, region, and risk model inputs, while the dominant source of uncertainty shifts with modeling choices. Last, we differentiate between aleatory, epistemic, and normative uncertainties, offering guidance to reduce them and inform better decision-making.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Simona Meiler and Chahan M. Kropf and Jamie W. McCaughey and Chia-Ying Lee and Suzana J. Camargo and Adam H. Sobel and Nadia Bloemendaal and Kerry Emanuel and David N. Bresch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn4607}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {16}, pages = {eadn4607}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Navigating and attributing uncertainty in future tropical cyclone risk estimates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by macaca fascicularis” by a. l. koch liston et al.. SCIADV, 11(15), eadx9415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by Macaca fascicularis” by A. L. Koch Liston et al. has been updated to reflect a revised author list. The Acknowledgments have also been corrected.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx9415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadx9415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by macaca fascicularis” by a. l. koch liston et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “SMAD4, activated by the TCR-triggered MEK/ERK signaling pathway, critically regulates CD8+ t cell cytotoxic function” by x. liu et al.. SCIADV, 11(15), eadx5774. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “SMAD4, activated by the TCR-triggered MEK/ERK signaling pathway, critically regulates CD8+ T cell cytotoxic function” by X. Liu et al. included duplicated numerical characters in Fig. 1F. Numerical characters were inadvertently duplicated from the upper panel (the spleen group) onto the lower panel (the liver group). Additionally, there was an error in fig. S7D, where incorrect images and statistics were used.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx5774}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadx5774}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “SMAD4, activated by the TCR-triggered MEK/ERK signaling pathway, critically regulates CD8+ t cell cytotoxic function” by x. liu et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Armored polymer-fluid gels with integrated damping and impact protection across broad temperatures. SCIADV, 11(15), eadv5292. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unpreferable vibrations and impacts pose substantial risks to sensitive devices, structures, and the human body, demanding materials capable of providing both high energy dissipation and impact protection across a broad temperature range. Traditional damping materials often fail to meet these demands because of a trade-off between damping and mechanical strength. We introduce an innovative strategy to fabricate armored polymer-fluid gels (APFGs) that combine high damping and high modulus for effective damping and impact protection under extreme conditions. By using a controlled surface cross-linking process through diffusion, we greatly enhance the mechanical strength of polymer-fluid gels without sacrificing their damping capabilities. This asymmetric design results in an unprecedented loss factor (tanδ > 0.5 from −45 degrees to 135 degrees Celsius, peaking at tanδ = 2.2) while achieving a tensile modulus of 20 megapascals. This method resolves the long-standing damping-modulus trade-off, positioning APFGs as promising candidates for robust damping and impact protection in electronics and human motion applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guoqing Chen and Jiabin Wu and Zhenwu Wang and He Zhu and Shiping Zhu and Qi Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5292}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadv5292}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Armored polymer-fluid gels with integrated damping and impact protection across broad temperatures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Science-based suggestions to save the world’s rarest primate species nomascus hainanus. SCIADV, 11(15), eadv4828. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conservation practices for extremely small populations must be grounded in solid science to prevent extinction. Hainan gibbon ( Nomascus hainanus ) is the world’s rarest primate species; however, insufficient data on its habitat suitability and genetic status impede evidence-based decisions for habitat restoration. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of Hainan gibbons’ energy intake and expenditure, reproductive parameters, and genetic diversity based on field research (March 2021 to December 2022) and long-term historical data (2003 to 2024). By comparing our results with those of captive gibbons and other free-feeding captive primates, we found that Hainan gibbons can obtain sufficient energy for growth and reproduction in their existing habitats. Furthermore, we identified an additional D-loop haplotype indicating that the current population is more genetically diverse than previously thought. However, recently formed adult male-female pairs are increasingly related, signaling a high risk for inbreeding within this small population. Based on these findings, we highlight an urgent need to expand available habitat by building corridors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xukai Zhong and Xia Huang and Changyue Zhu and Yuxin Wang and Colin A. Chapman and Paul A. Garber and Yuan Chen and Pengfei Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4828}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadv4828}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Science-based suggestions to save the world’s rarest primate species nomascus hainanus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Histone h3 cysteine 110 enhances iron metabolism and modulates replicative life span in saccharomyces cerevisiae. SCIADV, 11(15), eadv4082. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The discovery of histone H3 copper reductase activity provides a novel metabolic framework for understanding the functions of core histone residues, which, unlike N-terminal residues, have remained largely unexplored. We previously demonstrated that histone H3 cysteine 110 (H3C110) contributes to cupric (Cu 2+ ) ion binding and its reduction to the cuprous (Cu 1+ ) form. However, this residue is absent in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , raising questions about its evolutionary and functional significance. Here, we report that H3C110 has been lost in many fungal lineages despite near-universal conservation across eukaryotes. Introduction of H3C110 into S. cerevisiae increased intracellular Cu 1+ levels and ameliorated the iron homeostasis defects caused by inactivation of the Cup1 metallothionein or glutathione depletion. Enhanced histone copper reductase activity also extended replicative life span under oxidative growth conditions but reduced it under fermentative conditions. Our findings suggest that a trade-off between histone copper reductase activity, iron metabolism, and life span may underlie the loss or retention of H3C110 across eukaryotes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chen Cheng and Brenna S. McCauley and Nedas Matulionis and Maria Vogelauer and Dimitrios Camacho and Heather R. Christofk and Weiwei Dang and Nicholas A. T. Irwin and Siavash K. Kurdistani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4082}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadv4082}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Histone h3 cysteine 110 enhances iron metabolism and modulates replicative life span in saccharomyces cerevisiae}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Assessing depletion attractions between colloidal nanocrystals. SCIADV, 11(15), eadv2216. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adding nonadsorbing polymers to hard microsphere dispersions generates osmotic depletion attractions that can be quantitatively predicted and designed to manipulate colloidal phase behavior. Whether depletion described by classical theories is the mechanism for polymer-mediated nanosphere attractions is less evident. Colloidal hard nanospheres and nonadsorbing polymers are challenging to realize given the diverse interactions typically present in nanoparticle dispersions. Here, we use small-angle x-ray scattering to assess whether the depletion mechanism holds at the nanoscale, leveraging a recent finding that uncharged, oleate-capped indium oxide nanocrystals exhibit near–hard-sphere interactions in toluene. Classical modeling of polystyrene depletant as penetrable spheres predicts depletion-induced phase boundaries, nanocrystal second osmotic virial coefficients, and colloidal structuring in agreement with experiments for polymer radii of gyration up to 80% of the nanocrystal radius. Experimentally observed weakening of depletion interactions for larger polymer-to-nanocrystal size ratios qualitatively follows theoretical predictions that account for how polymer physics influences depletant interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Charles K. Ofosu and Tanner A. Wilcoxson and Tsung-Lun Lee and William D. Brackett and Jinny Choi and Thomas M. Truskett and Delia J. Milliron}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2216}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadv2216}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Assessing depletion attractions between colloidal nanocrystals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Scaling laws for sediment storage and turnover in river floodplains. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu8574. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nearly 10% of Earth’s continents are covered by river floodplains. These landscapes serve as weathering reactors whereby particles eroded from mountains undergo chemical and physical alteration before being exported to oceans. The time a particle spends in floodplain reservoirs regulates the style and extent of continental chemical weathering and the fate of terrestrial organic carbon. Despite its importance for the global carbon cycle, we still lack a quantitative understanding of floodplain storage timescales. Using a combination of geomorphic mapping, radiocarbon and luminescence dating, and numerical simulations of meander dynamics, we identify well-conserved scaling laws that describe floodplain storage times. Our results reveal that, to first order, floodplain storage durations are set by the ratio of river width to migration rate. The fact that most rivers erode about 1% of their width per year leads to a typical floodplain storage duration of ~5 thousand years.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emily C. Geyman and Yutian Ke and John S. Magyar and Jocelyn N. Reahl and Vincent Soldano and Nathan D. Brown and A. Joshua West and Woodward W. Fischer and Michael P. Lamb}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8574}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu8574}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Scaling laws for sediment storage and turnover in river floodplains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identifying and controlling inactive and active conformations of a serine protease. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu7447. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Serine proteases have been proposed to dynamically sample inactive and active conformations, but direct evidence at atomic resolution has remained elusive. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), we identified a single residue, D164, in exfoliative toxin A (ETA) that acts as a molecular “switch” to regulate global dynamic sampling. Mutations at this site shift the balance between inactive and active states, correlating directly with catalytic activity. Beyond identifying this dynamic switch, we demonstrate how it works in concert with other allosterically coupled sites to rationally control enzyme movements and catalytic function. This study provides a framework for linking conformational dynamics to function and paves the way for engineering enzymes, in particular, proteases, with tailored activities for applications in medicine and biotechnology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eunjeong Lee and Norman Tran and Jasmina S. Redzic and Harmanpreet Singh and Lorena Alamillo and Todd Holyoak and Donald Hamelberg and Elan Zohar Eisenmesser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7447}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu7447}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identifying and controlling inactive and active conformations of a serine protease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The origin of sound damping in amorphous solids: Defects and beyond. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu6097. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Comprehending sound damping is integral to understanding the anomalous low temperature properties of glasses. After decades of studies, Rayleigh scaling of the sound attenuation coefficient with frequency, Γ ∝ ω d + 1 , became generally accepted. Rayleigh scaling invokes a picture of scattering from defects. It is unclear how to define glass defects. Here, we use a particle level contribution to sound damping to determine areas in the glass that contribute more to sound damping than other areas, which allows us to define defects. Over a range of stability, sound damping scales linearly with the fraction of particles in the defects. However, sound is still attenuated in ultrastable glasses where no defects are identified. We show that sound damping in these glasses is due to nearly uniformly distributed non-affine forces that arise after macroscopic deformation. To fully understand sound attenuation in glasses, one has to consider contributions from defects and a defect-free background, which represents a different paradigm of sound damping in glasses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elijah Flenner and Grzegorz Szamel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6097}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu6097}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The origin of sound damping in amorphous solids: Defects and beyond}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Acute myeloid leukemia mitochondria hydrolyze ATP to support oxidative metabolism and resist chemotherapy. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu5511. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {OxPhos inhibitors have struggled to show a clinical benefit because of their inability to distinguish healthy from cancerous mitochondria. Herein, we describe an actionable bioenergetic mechanism unique to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mitochondria. Unlike healthy cells that couple respiration to ATP synthesis, AML mitochondria support inner-membrane polarization by consuming ATP. Matrix ATP consumption allows cells to survive bioenergetic stress. Thus, we hypothesized AML cells may resist chemotherapy-induced cell death by reversing the ATP synthase reaction. In support, BCL-2 inhibition with venetoclax abolished OxPhos flux without affecting mitochondrial polarization. In surviving AML cells, sustained mitochondrial polarization depended on matrix ATP consumption. Mitochondrial ATP consumption was further enhanced in AML cells made refractory to venetoclax, consequential to down-regulations in the endogenous F 1 -ATPase inhibitor ATP5IF1. Knockdown of ATP5IF1 conferred venetoclax resistance, while ATP5IF1 overexpression impaired F 1 -ATPase activity and heightened sensitivity to venetoclax. These data identify matrix ATP consumption as a cancer cell–intrinsic bioenergetic vulnerability actionable in the context of BCL-2 targeted chemotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James T. Hagen and McLane M. Montgomery and Raphael T. Aruleba and Brett R. Chrest and Polina Krassovskaia and Thomas D. Green and Emely A. Pacheco and Miki Kassai and Tonya N. Zeczycki and Cameron A. Schmidt and Debajit Bhowmick and Su-Fern Tan and David J. Feith and Charles E. Chalfant and Thomas P. LoughranJr. and Darla Liles and Mark D. Minden and Aaron D. Schimmer and Md Salman Shakil and Matthew J. McBride and Myles C. Cabot and Joseph M. McClung and Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5511}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu5511}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Acute myeloid leukemia mitochondria hydrolyze ATP to support oxidative metabolism and resist chemotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ARMC1 partitions between distinct complexes and assembles MIRO with MTFR to control mitochondrial distribution. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu5091. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Maintaining an optimal mitochondrial distribution is critical to ensure an adequate supply of energy and metabolites to support important cellular functions. How cells balance dynamic mitochondrial processes to achieve homeostasis is incompletely understood. Here, we show that ARMC1 partitioning between distinct mitochondrial protein complexes is a key determinant of mitochondrial distribution. In one complex, the mitochondrial trafficking adaptor MIRO recruits ARMC1, which mediates the assembly of a mitochondrial fission regulator (MTFR). MTFR stability depends on ARMC1, and MIRO-MTFR complexes specifically antagonize retrograde mitochondrial movement. In another complex, DNAJC11 facilitates ARMC1 release from mitochondria. Disrupting MIRO-MTFR assembly fails to rescue aberrant mitochondrial distributions clustered in the perinuclear area observed with ARMC1 deletion, while disrupting ARMC1 interaction with DNAJC11 leads to excessive mitochondrially localized ARMC1 and distinct mitochondrial defects. Thus, the abundance and trafficking impact of MIRO-MTFR complexes require ARMC1, whose mito-cytoplasmic shuttling balanced by DNAJC11 tunes steady-state mitochondrial distributions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael J. McKenna and Felix Kraus and João P.L. Coelho and Muskaan Vasandani and Jiuchun Zhang and Benjamin M. Adams and Joao A. Paulo and J. Wade Harper and Sichen Shao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5091}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu5091}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ARMC1 partitions between distinct complexes and assembles MIRO with MTFR to control mitochondrial distribution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hybrid locomotion at the insect scale: Combined flying and jumping for enhanced efficiency and versatility. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu4474. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Insect-scale robots face two major locomotive challenges: constrained energetics and large obstacles that far exceed their size. Terrestrial locomotion is efficient yet mostly limited to flat surfaces. In contrast, flight is versatile for overcoming obstacles but requires high power to stay aloft. Here, we present a hopping design that combines a subgram flapping-wing robot with a telescopic leg. Our robot can hop continuously while controlling jump height and frequency in the range of 1.5 to 20 centimeters and 2 to 8.4 hertz. The robot can follow positional set points, overcome tall obstacles, and traverse challenging surfaces. It can also hop on a dynamically rotating plane, recover from strong collisions, and perform somersaults. Compared to flight, this design reduces power consumption by 64 percent and increases payload by 10 times. Although the robot relies on offboard power and control, the substantial payload and efficiency improvement open opportunities for future study on autonomous locomotion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yi-Hsuan Hsiao and Songnan Bai and Zhongtao Guan and Suhan Kim and Zhijian Ren and Pakpong Chirarattananon and Yufeng Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4474}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu4474}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hybrid locomotion at the insect scale: Combined flying and jumping for enhanced efficiency and versatility}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-voltage water-scarce hydrogel electrolytes enable mechanically safe stretchable li-ion batteries. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu3711. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soft Li-ion batteries, based on conventional organic electrolytes, face performance degradation challenges due to moisture penetration and safety concerns due to possible leakage of toxic fluorine compounds and flammable solvents under mechanical damage. We design a water-scarce hydrogel electrolyte with fluorine-free lithium salt to achieve wide electrochemical stability window (up to 3.11 volts) in ambient air without hermetic packaging while balancing high stretchability (1348%), ion conductivity (41 millisiemens per centimeter), and self-healing capabilities for mechanically and chemically safe stretchable Li-ion batteries. Molecular synergy between hydrophilicity and lithiophilicity of zwitterionic polymer backbone is revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. The battery exhibits capacity retention under harsh mechanical stresses—enduring stretching, twisting, folding, and multiple through-punctures by a needle—while self-healing from repeated through cuts by a razor blade. Stable ambient operation for 1 month over 500 charge-discharge cycles (average coulomb efficiency, 95%) is achieved. A prototype self-healing electronic system with embedded soft batteries demonstrates practical application as a durable embodied energy source.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peisheng He and Jong Ha Park and Yingkai Jiao and Rushil Ganguli and Yigen Huang and Ashley Lee and Christine Heera Ahn and Monong Wang and Yande Peng and Yu Long and Chun-Ming Chen and Zihan Wang and Ziting Tian and Baoxia Mi and Ana Claudia Arias and Chao Fang and Anju Toor and Liwei Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3711}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu3711}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-voltage water-scarce hydrogel electrolytes enable mechanically safe stretchable li-ion batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evidence for crustal brines and deep fluid infiltration in an oceanic transform fault. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu3661. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although oceanic transform faults (OTFs) are ubiquitous plate boundaries, the geological processes occurring along these systems remain underexplored. The Gofar OTF of the East Pacific Rise has gained attention due to its predictable, yet enigmatic, earthquake cycle. Here, we present results from the first ever controlled-source electromagnetic survey of an OTF, which sampled Gofar. We find that the fault is characterized by a subvertical conductor, which extends into the lower crust and thus implies deep fluid penetration. We also image subhorizontal crustal conductors distributed asymmetrically about the fault. We interpret these subhorizontal anomalies as crustal brines, and we suggest that the high permeability of the fault combined with the influence of melt in the transform domain can promote hydrothermal circulation and brine condensation at OTFs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christine Chesley and Rob Evans and Jessica M. Warren and Andrew C. Gase and Jacob Perez and Christopher Armerding and Hannah Brewer and Paige Koenig and Eric Attias and Bailey L. Fluegel and Jae-Deok Kim and Natalie Hummel and Katherine Enright and Emilia Topp-Johnson and Margaret S. Boettcher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3661}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu3661}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evidence for crustal brines and deep fluid infiltration in an oceanic transform fault}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthesis of campylobacter jejuni capsular oligosaccharides and identification of a potential O-antigen against campylobacteriosis. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu2318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The vaccines against campylobacteriosis are urgently needed because of the rising multidrug resistance of pathogenic Campylobacter jejuni . The capsular polysaccharides of these bacteria, containing unique 6-deoxy-β- d - ido -heptopyranosyl or l - glycero -β- d - ido -heptopyranosyl residues, have emerged as attractive antigens. Expeditious assembly of the oligosaccharides derived from these glycans is challenging because β- d -idopyranosidic linkages are formidable to directly construct. Furthermore, whether the synthetic C. jejuni oligosaccharides could induce sufficient immunogenicity as the potential antigens remains unexplored. Here, we report a protocol for directly forming β- d -idopyranosidic bonds using α- d -6-deoxy- ido -heptopyranosyl, α- d -idopyranosyl, and d -/ l - glycero -α- d - ido -heptopyranosyl ortho -hexynylbenzoates as glycosylating agents under gold(I) catalysis. To demonstrate the versatility of these methods, concise synthesis of conjugatable C. jejuni capsular di-/tetra-/hexa-/octasaccharides, having a backbone of [→3)-6-deoxy-β- d - ido -heptopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→], has been achieved. The immunogenicity assessment of the glycoconjugates, prepared by conjugating the synthesized oligosaccharides to cross-reactive material 197, reveals the disaccharide as a potential O -antigen for developing vaccines against campylobacteriosis. This work should facilitate development of synthetic vaccines against Campylobacter infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jianjun Wang and Xuemei Yang and Zirong Huang and Yong Su and Xinxin Zhang and Ni Song and Peng Wang and Chen Yang and Hongzhi Cao and Xue-Wei Liu and Xuechen Li and Sheng Chen and Ming Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu2318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthesis of campylobacter jejuni capsular oligosaccharides and identification of a potential O-antigen against campylobacteriosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Preference-based assistance optimization for lifting and lowering with a soft back exosuit. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu2099. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wearable robotic devices have become increasingly prevalent in both occupational and rehabilitative settings, yet their widespread adoption remains inhibited by usability barriers related to comfort, restriction, and noticeable functional benefits. Acknowledging the importance of user perception in this context, this study explores preference-based controller optimization for a back exosuit that assists lifting. Considering the high mental and metabolic effort discrete motor tasks impose, we used a forced-choice Bayesian Optimization approach that promotes sampling efficiency by leveraging domain knowledge about just noticeable differences between assistance settings. Optimizing over two control parameters, preferred settings were consistent within and uniquely different between participants. We discovered that overall, participants preferred asymmetric parameter configurations with more lifting than lowering assistance, and that preferences were sensitive to user anthropometrics. These findings highlight the potential of perceptually guided assistance optimization for wearable robotic devices, marking a step toward more pervasive adoption of these systems in the real world.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philipp Arens and D. Adam Quirk and Weiwei Pan and Yaniv Yacoby and Finale Doshi-Velez and Conor J. Walsh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2099}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu2099}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Preference-based assistance optimization for lifting and lowering with a soft back exosuit}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Remove the innermost atom of a magnetic multi-shell gold nanoparticle for near-unity conversion of CO2 to CO. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu1996. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Few reports on paramagnetic metal nanoparticles with atomic precision and their difficult tailoring retard the insightful investigation of metal nanoparticle paramagnetism. Herein, we introduced a thiol-iodine mixture ligand–protecting strategy to successfully synthesize multi-shell paramagnetic [Au 127 I 4 (TBBT) 48 (I: iodine, TBBT: 4-tert-butylphenylthiolate)]. The innermost Au atom was successfully removed via thiol induction without altering the structure framework to produce diamagnetic Au 126 I 4 (TBBT) 48 with local ligand arrangement changed (butterfly effect), which could be further transformed into paramagnetic [Au 126 I 4 (TBBT) 48 ] + via hydrogen peroxide oxidation. The spin populations of both paramagnetic nanoparticles are more densely distributed on surface iodine than sulfur. Diamagnetic Au 126 I 4 (TBBT) 48 exhibited a Faradaic efficiency of ~100% at −0.57 volt during the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, while paramagnetic Au 127 I 4 (TBBT) 48 and [Au 126 I 4 (TBBT) 48 ] + exhibited the maximum Faradaic efficiency of 87% at −0.67 volt and 90% at −0.57 volt, respectively, indicating the spin-catalytic activity correlation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guoqing Bian and Dong Chen and Yuping Chen and Wei Zhang and Liang Fang and Qing You and Runguo Wang and Wanmiao Gu and Yue Zhou and Nan Yan and Shengli Zhuang and Shiyu Ji and Meng Zhou and Chengming Wang and Lingwen Liao and Qing Tang and Jun Yang and Zhikun Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1996}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu1996}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Remove the innermost atom of a magnetic multi-shell gold nanoparticle for near-unity conversion of CO2 to CO}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intratumoral mycobiome heterogeneity influences the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy outcomes in renal cell carcinoma. SCIADV, 11(15), eadu1727. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The intratumoral mycobiome plays a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, but its impact on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. We collected and quantitatively profiled the intratumoral mycobiome data from 1044 patients with RCC across four international cohorts, of which 466 patients received immunotherapy. Patients were stratified into mycobiota ecology-depauperate and mycobiota ecology-flourishing (MEF) groups based on fungal abundance. The MEF group had worse prognosis, higher fungal diversity, down-regulated lipid catabolism, and exhausted CD8 + T cells. We developed the intratumoral mycobiota signature and intratumoral mycobiota-related genes expression signature, which robustly predicted prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes in RCC and other cancers. Aspergillus tanneri was identified as a potential key fungal species influencing RCC prognosis. Our findings suggest that the intratumoral mycobiome suppresses lipid catabolism and induces T cell exhaustion in RCC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weiming Mou and Zhixing Deng and Lingxuan Zhu and Aimin Jiang and Anqi Lin and Liling Xu and Gengwen Deng and Hongsen Huang and Zeji Guo and Bang Zhu and Shuqi Wu and Tao Yang and Lu Wang and Zaoqu Liu and Ting Wei and Jian Zhang and Liang Cheng and Haojie Huang and Rui Chen and Yi Shao and Quan Cheng and Linhui Wang and Shuofeng Yuan and Peng Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1727}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadu1727}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intratumoral mycobiome heterogeneity influences the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy outcomes in renal cell carcinoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Invention of an oral medication for cardiac fabry disease caused by RNA mis-splicing. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt9695. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pathogenic RNA splicing variants have emerged as promising therapeutic targets due to their role in disease while preserving coding sequences. In this study, we developed RECTAS-2.0, a small molecule designed to correct RNA mis-splicing caused by the GLA c.639+919G>A mutation, which leads to the inclusion of a 57-nucleotide poison exon, resulting in later-onset Fabry disease, particularly prevalent in East Asia. RECTAS-2.0 restored normal GLA mRNA splicing and α-galactosidase activity in patient-derived B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, oral administration of RECTAS-2.0 effectively corrected splicing in a transgenic mouse model, demonstrating its substantial splice-switching activity and safety for clinical application. RECTAS-2.0 demonstrated potential applicability to other genetic disorders that involve similar exon competition. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of RECTAS-2.0 for Fabry disease and highlight its broader implications for RNA splicing–targeted therapies in genetic disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tomonari Awaya and Masahiko Ajiro and Hiroko Kobayashi and Teruo Sawada and Kentoku Gotanda and Toshiharu Noji and Naohiro Takemoto and Kei Iida and Megumu K. Saito and Dau-Ming Niu and Masatoshi Hagiwara}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9695}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt9695}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Invention of an oral medication for cardiac fabry disease caused by RNA mis-splicing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Preclinical evaluation of AGT mRNA replacement therapy for primary hyperoxaluria type i disease. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt9694. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare inherited liver disorder caused by alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) dysfunction, leading to accumulation of glyoxylate which is then converted into oxalate. Excessive oxalate results in kidney damage due to deposition of oxalate crystals. We have developed an mRNA-based protein replacement therapy for PH1 to restore normal glyoxylate to glycine metabolism. Sequence optimized human AGT mRNA ( hAGT mRNA) was encapsulated in lipopolyplex (LPP) and produced functional AGT enzyme in peroxisomes. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. PK demonstrated that AGT mRNA and AGT protein maintained high expression levels for up to 48 hours. A single 2 mg/kg dose in Agxt Q84 −/− rats achieved a 70% reduction in urinary oxalate. Toxicological assessment identified the highest nonserious toxic dose (HNSTD) as 2 mg/kg. These findings affirm the efficacy and safety of hAGT mRNA/LPP and support its clinical application in PH1 treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taihua Yang and Jiahao Ge and Lei Huang and Xinye Zhu and Dexin Zhang and Siyuan Tang and Jie Zhao and Yinhe Ma and Mei Long and Xiaochen Bo and Jie Li and Yiqing Zhang and Qinggong Yuan and Amar Deep Sharma and Michael Ott and Hongquan Geng and Yicheng Zhao and Liang Zhang and Haifa Shen and Hangwen Li and Dali Li and Ping Wan and Qiang Xia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9694}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt9694}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Preclinical evaluation of AGT mRNA replacement therapy for primary hyperoxaluria type i disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Computer vision–guided rapid and precise automated cranial microsurgeries in mice. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt9693. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A common procedure that allows interfacing with the brain is cranial microsurgery, wherein small to large craniotomies are performed on the overlying skull for insertion of neural interfaces or implantation of optically clear windows for long-term cranial observation. Performing craniotomies requires skill, time, and precision to avoid damaging the brain and dura. Here, we present a computer vision–guided craniotomy robot (CV-Craniobot) that uses machine learning to accurately estimate the dorsal skull anatomy from optical coherence tomography images. Instantaneous information of skull morphology is used by a robotic mill to rapidly and precisely remove the skull from a desired craniotomy location. We show that the CV-Craniobot can perform small (2- to 4-millimeter diameter) craniotomies with near 100% success rates within 2 minutes and large craniotomies encompassing most of the dorsal cortex in less than 10 minutes. Thus, the CV-Craniobot enables rapid and precise craniotomies, reducing surgery time compared to human practitioners and eliminating the need for long training.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zahra S. Navabi and Ryan Peters and Beatrice Gulner and Arun Cherkkil and Eunsong Ko and Farnoosh Dadashi and Jacob O. Brien and Michael Feldkamp and Suhasa B. Kodandaramaiah}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9693}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt9693}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Computer vision–guided rapid and precise automated cranial microsurgeries in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revealing the charge transport physics in metallic coordination nanosheets by thermoelectric and magnetotransport measurements. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt9196. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We have studied the charge transport physics of high-quality conducting coordination nanosheets films based on the benchmark material copper benzenehexathiol (CuBHT) by measuring multiple thermoelectric and magnetotransport coefficients on the same film. The films exhibit a metallic temperature dependence of the conductivity over a wide temperature range, but below 15 kelvin charge transport becomes dominated by weak localization and electron-electron interactions. Temperature-dependent Hall, Seebeck, and Nernst measurements consistently indicate the existence of ambipolar transport characteristics in CuBHT. A two-band analysis has been used to extract transport parameters for electron and hole carriers as a function of temperature. The results show that contributions from electron and hole conduction in CuBHT are of comparable magnitude, revealing the complexity of charge transport and allowing one to identify strategies for enhancing the thermoelectric transport coefficients of such conducting coordination nanosheets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tian Wu and Xinglong Ren and David Cornil and Claudio Quarti and Ian E. Jacobs and Lu Zhang and Naoya Fukui and David Beljonne and Hiroshi Nishihara and Henning Sirringhaus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9196}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt9196}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revealing the charge transport physics in metallic coordination nanosheets by thermoelectric and magnetotransport measurements}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Radiative cooling induced coherent maser emission in relativistic plasmas. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt8912. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Relativistic plasmas in strong electromagnetic fields exhibit distinct properties compared to classical plasmas. In astrophysical environments, such as neutron stars, white dwarfs, active galactic nuclei, and shocks, relativistic plasmas are pervasive and are expected to play a crucial role in the dynamics of these systems. Despite their significance, experimental and theoretical studies of these plasmas have been limited. Here, we present the first ab initio high-resolution kinetic simulations of relativistic plasmas undergoing synchrotron cooling in a highly magnetized medium. Our results demonstrate that these plasmas spontaneously generate coherent linearly polarized radiation in a wide range of parameters via the electron cyclotron maser instability, with radiative losses altering the saturation mechanism. Thus, the plasma continuously amplify coherent radiation for substantially longer durations of time. These findings highlight fundamental differences in the behavior of relativistic plasmas in strongly magnetized environments and align with astronomical phenomena, such as pulsar emission and fast radio bursts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pablo J. Bilbao and Thales Silva and Luís O. Silva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8912}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt8912}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Radiative cooling induced coherent maser emission in relativistic plasmas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The cohesin-associated protein Pds5A governs the meiotic spindle assembly via deubiquitination of Kif5B in oocytes. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt6159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chromosome cohesion mediated by cohesin complex and its associated proteins is required for accurate chromosome segregation and genomic stability in mitosis. However, because of the distinct operation mechanisms, many proteins might exert different functions during meiosis in germ cells. Here, we document that cohesin-associated protein precocious dissociation of sisters 5A (Pds5A) plays a noncanonical role in the meiotic spindle assembly during oocyte maturation independent of its cohesion function. Pds5A distributes on the spindle fibers in oocytes at both metaphase I and metaphase II stages. Morpholino-based depletion or genetic ablation of Pds5A all lead to defects in spindle organization, chromosome euploidy and meiotic progression in oocytes and thus compromising the female fertility. Mechanistically, Pds5A recruits deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 14 to the spindle apparatus for stabilization of kinesin family member 5B, regulating the spindle elongation. Collectively, our findings unveil that cohesin-associated protein Pds5A can be used as a spindle regulator during oocyte meiosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Zhang and Jie Bai and Bo Xiong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt6159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The cohesin-associated protein Pds5A governs the meiotic spindle assembly via deubiquitination of Kif5B in oocytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diffusion power spectra as a window into dynamic materials architecture. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt6144. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chemical recycling of commodity and specialty polymers presents a multifaceted challenge for industrial societies. On one hand, macromolecular architectures must be engineered to yield durable products that, on the other hand, rapidly deconstruct to recyclable monomers under pre-determined conditions. Polymer deconstruction is a chemical process that requires deep understanding of molecular reactivity in heterogeneous media, where porous material architectures evolve in both space and time. To build this understanding, we develop herein experimental and analytical methods describing sets of diffusive eigenmodes that exist within time-varying, non-Euclidean boundary conditions, a situation commonly encountered in the reactive deconstruction of polymers where chain fragments splay, alter their local dynamics, and evolve in their confinement of reacting media. Diffusion power spectra, discerned experimentally by NMR, yield polymer and solvent frequency-domain velocity autocorrelation functions that are analyzed in the context of physical models for chemical reactions parameterized with fractal mathematics. The results connect local motion in polymers to chemical reactivity during acidolysis of circular elastomers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sophia N. Fricke and Mia Salgado and Shira Haber and Jeremy Demarteau and Mutian Hua and Ah-Young Song and Brett A. Helms and Jeffrey A. Reimer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6144}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt6144}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diffusion power spectra as a window into dynamic materials architecture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Grasping and rolling in-plane manipulation using deployable tape spring appendages. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt5905. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rigid robot arms face a tradeoff between their overall reach distance and how compactly they can be collapsed. However, the tradeoff between long reach and small storage volume can be resolved using deployable structures such as tape springs. We developed bidirectional tape spring “fingers” that have large buckling strength compared to single tape springs and that can be spooled into a compact state or unspooled to manipulate objects. We integrate fingers into a robot manipulator that allows for object Grasping and Rolling In Planar configurations (called GRIP-tape). The continuum kinematics of the fingers enables a multitude of manipulation capabilities such as translation, rotation, twisting, and multi-object conveyance. Furthermore, the dual mechanical properties of stiffness and softness in the fingers endow the gripper with inherent safety from collisions and enables soft-contact with objects. Deployable structures such as tape springs offer opportunities for manipulation in cluttered or remote environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gengzhi He and Curtis Sparks and Nick Gravish}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5905}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt5905}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Grasping and rolling in-plane manipulation using deployable tape spring appendages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Petrologic evidence for core sulfur degassing in partially differentiated planetesimals. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt4922. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Partial differentiation hypothesis is a scenario for interpreting the internal structure of planetesimals and the genetic relationship between chondrites and nonchondrites. However, no petrologic records supporting this hypothesis have been reported yet. Here, we report sulfide replacement textures of melilite and olivine in Ornans-like chondrites, whose occurrences are correlated with the degree of thermal metamorphism of the host chondrites. The mineral assemblages of the replacement textures and the correlation with petrologic subtype are best explained with high-temperature reactions between silicate phases and S-rich vapors, which degassed from a solidifying Fe–Ni–S core. The sulfide replacement texture in Ornans-like chondrites could be the first petrologic record supporting the partial differentiation hypothesis. Given the widespread presence of sulfide replacement textures in different meteorites, we propose that core sulfur degassing could be an endemic process in differentiated planetesimals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shu-Zhou Wang and Ai-Cheng Zhang and Tian-Ran Trina Du and Jiani Chen and Yuanyun Wen and Xiancai Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4922}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt4922}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Petrologic evidence for core sulfur degassing in partially differentiated planetesimals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genome-wide methylome modeling via generative AI incorporating long- and short-range interactions. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt4152. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Using millions of methylation segments, we developed DiffuCpG, a generative artificial intelligence (AI) diffusion model designed to solve the critical challenge of missing data in high-throughput methylation technologies. DiffuCpG goes beyond conventional methods by leveraging both short-range interactions including nearby CpGs from both latitude and longitude of the dataset, local DNA sequences, and long-range interactions, including three-dimensional genome architecture and long-distance correlations, to comprehensively model the methylome. Compared to previous methods, through extensive independent validations across different tissue types, cancers, and technologies (whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, enhanced reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, single-cell bisulfite sequencing, and methylation arrays), DiffuCpG has demonstrated superior performance in accuracy, scalability, and versatility. On average, bisulfite sequencing dataset, DiffuCpG can extend the original dataset by millions of additional CpGs. As an alternative application of generative AI, DiffuCpG addresses a key bottleneck in epigenetic research and will substantially benefit studies relying on high-throughput methylation data.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fengyao Yan and Aristeidis G. Telonis and Qin Yang and Limin Jiang and Francine E. Garrett-Bakelman and Mikkael A. Sekeres and Valeria Santini and Michele Ceccarelli and Neha Goel and Liliana Garcia-Martinez and Lluis Morey and Maria E. Figueroa and Yan Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4152}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt4152}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genome-wide methylome modeling via generative AI incorporating long- and short-range interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On the role of α-alumina in the origin of life: Surface-driven assembly of amino acids. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt4151. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We investigate the hypothesis that mineral/water interfaces played a crucial catalytic role in peptide formation by promoting the self-assembly of amino acids. Using classical molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the α-alumina(0001) surface exhibits an affinity of 4 k B T for individual glycine or GG dipeptide molecules due to hydrogen bonds. In simulations with multiple glycine molecules, surface-bound glycine enhances further adsorption, leading to the formation of long chains connected by hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl and amine groups of glycine molecules. We find that the likelihood of observing chains longer than 10 glycine units increases by at least five orders of magnitude at the surface compared to the bulk. This surface-driven assembly is primarily due to local high density and alignment with the alumina surface pattern. Together, these results propose a model for how mineral surfaces can induce configuration-specific assembly of amino acids, thereby promoting condensation reactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruiyu Wang and Richard C. Remsing and Michael L. Klein and Eric Borguet and Vincenzo Carnevale}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4151}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt4151}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On the role of α-alumina in the origin of life: Surface-driven assembly of amino acids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Crows recognize geometric regularity. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt3718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The perception of geometric regularity in shapes, a form of elementary Euclidean geometry, is a fundamental mathematical intuition in humans. We demonstrate this geometric understanding in an animal, the carrion crow. Crows were trained to detect a visually distinct intruder shape among six concurrent arbitrary shapes. The crows were able to immediately apply this intruder concept to quadrilaterals, identifying the one that exhibited differing geometric properties compared to the others in the set. The crows exhibited a geometric regularity effect, showing better performance with shapes featuring right angles, parallel lines, or symmetry over more irregular shapes. This performance advantage did not require learning. Our findings suggest that geometric intuitions are not specific to humans but are deeply rooted in biological evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philipp Schmidbauer and Madita Hahn and Andreas Nieder}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt3718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Crows recognize geometric regularity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Natural variation in a cortex/epidermis-specific transcription factor bZIP89 determines lateral root development and drought resilience in maize. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt1113. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lateral roots (LRs) branching is crucial for water and nutrient acquisition in plants, ultimately determining the overall plant performance and productivity. However, the transcriptional regulation of LR development in crops and its role in stress resilience remain largely unexplored. Leveraging integrated transcriptome-wide association study and single-cell RNA sequencing data, we identified a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor ZmbZIP89 as an important regulator of LR elongation and mapped its spatial expression pattern in cortex/epidermis cell types. ZmbZIP89 can activate the expression of ZmPRX47 to regulate the production of root reactive oxygen species homeostasis, contributing to increased lateral root length (LRL) and enhanced drought resistance. Natural variations in the 3′ untranslated region of ZmbZIP89 enhance gene expression by increasing mRNA stability, leading to increases in LRL and drought tolerance. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying LR development and provide potential gene targets for breeding stress-resilient crops.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pengcheng Li and Tianze Zhu and Yunyun Wang and Xiaomin Zhang and Xiaoyi Yang and Shuai Fang and Wei Li and Wenye Rui and Aiqing Yang and Yamin Duan and Yuxing Yan and Qingchun Pan and Zhongtao Jia and Houmiao Wang and Zefeng Yang and Peng Yu and Chenwu Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1113}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt1113}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Natural variation in a cortex/epidermis-specific transcription factor bZIP89 determines lateral root development and drought resilience in maize}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of diverse and high-quality mRNA capping enzymes through a language model–enabled platform. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt0402. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mining and expanding high-quality genetic parts for synthetic biology and bioengineering are urgent needs in the research and development of next-generation biotechnology. However, gene mining has relied on sequence homology or ample expert knowledge, which fundamentally limits the establishment of a comprehensive genetic part catalog. In this work, we propose SYMPLEX (synthetic biological part mining platform by large language model–enabled knowledge extraction), a universal gene-mining platform based on large language models. We applied SYMPLEX to mine enzymes responsible for messenger RNA (mRNA) capping, a key process in eukaryotic posttranscriptional modification, and obtained thousands of diverse candidates with traceable evidence from biomedical literature and databases. Of the 46 experimentally tested integral capping enzyme candidates, 14 demonstrated in vivo cross-species capping activity, and 2 displayed superior in vitro activity over the commercial vaccinia capping enzymes currently used in mRNA vaccine production. SYMPLEX provides a distinct paradigm for functional gene mining and offers powerful tools to facilitate knowledge discovery in fundamental research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianze Wang and Bowen R. Qin and Sihong Li and Zimo Wang and Xuejian Li and Yuanxu Jiang and Chenrui Qin and Qi Ouyang and Chunbo Lou and Long Qian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0402}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt0402}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of diverse and high-quality mRNA capping enzymes through a language model–enabled platform}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vibrio MARTX toxin binding of biantennary N-glycans at host cell surfaces. SCIADV, 11(15), eadt0063. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxins are a diverse effector delivery platform of many Gram-negative bacteria that infect mammals, insects, and aquatic animal hosts. The mechanisms by which these toxins recognize host cell surfaces have remained elusive. Here, we map a surface interaction domain of a MARTX toxin from the highly lethal foodborne pathogen Vibrio vulnificus . This domain corresponds to a 273–amino acid sequence with predicted symmetrical immunoglobulin-like folds. We demonstrate that this domain binds internal N -acetylglucosamine on complex biantennary N-glycans with select preference for L1CAM and other N-glycoproteins with multiple N-glycans on host cell surfaces. This domain is also essential for V. vulnificus pathogenesis during intestinal infection. The identification of a highly conserved motif universally present as part of all N-glycans correlates with the V. vulnificus MARTX toxin having broad specificity and targeting nearly all cell types.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiexi Chen and Felix Goerdeler and Thapakorn Jaroentomeechai and Francisco X. S. Hernandez and Xiaozhong Wang and Henrik Clausen and Yoshiki Narimatsu and Karla J. F. Satchell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0063}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadt0063}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vibrio MARTX toxin binding of biantennary N-glycans at host cell surfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chiral lasing enabled by strong coupling. SCIADV, 11(15), eads9562. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chiral quasi-bound states in the continuum are spin-dependent high- Q resonances in meta-photonic structures that are realized by perturbing symmetry-protected optical states by engineering in-plane and out-of-plane asymmetries, and they support chiral lasing in the vertical direction. Here, we explore the coupling between two resonances in a chiral metasurface and introduce a mechanism for high-purity chiral laser emission. We reveal that two resonances with nearly orthogonal polarizations become strongly coupled in an engineered chiral metasurface. The inherent phase difference of the resonances, associated with the coherent destruction on the decay channel, can endow high- Q factor and maximize chirality to one of the hybrid modes. We verify this approach experimentally by measuring transmission spectra, angle-resolved photoluminescence, and laser emission. We believe that this mechanism allows breaking restrictions on conventional chiral quasi-BIC lasing, enabling the realization of chiral emission at any designed direction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huachun Deng and Xiong Jiang and Yao Zhang and Yixuan Zeng and Hamdi Barkaoui and Shumin Xiao and Shaohua Yu and Yuri Kivshar and Qinghai Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9562}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads9562}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chiral lasing enabled by strong coupling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MyoGestic: EMG interfacing framework for decoding multiple spared motor dimensions in individuals with neural lesions. SCIADV, 11(15), eads9150. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Restoring motor function in individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), strokes, or amputations is a crucial challenge. Recent studies show that spared motor neurons can still be voluntarily controlled using surface electromyography (EMG), even without visible movement. To harness these signals, we developed a wireless, high-density EMG bracelet and a software framework, MyoGestic. Our system enables rapid adaptation of machine learning models to users’ needs, allowing real-time decoding of spared motor dimensions. In our study, we successfully decoded motor intent from two participants with traumatic SCI, two with spinal stroke, and three with amputations in real time, achieving multiple controllable motor dimensions within minutes. The decoded neural signals could control a digitally rendered hand, an orthosis, a prosthesis, or a two-dimensional cursor. MyoGestic’s participant-centered approach allows a collaborative and iterative development of myocontrol algorithms, bridging the gap between researcher and participant, to advance intuitive EMG interfaces for neural lesions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Raul C. Sîmpetru and Dominik I. Braun and Arndt U. Simon and Michael März and Vlad Cnejevici and Daniela Souza de Oliveira and Nico Weber and Jonas Walter and Jörg Franke and Daniel Höglinger and Cosima Prahm and Matthias Ponfick and Alessandro Del Vecchio}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9150}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads9150}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MyoGestic: EMG interfacing framework for decoding multiple spared motor dimensions in individuals with neural lesions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MprF from pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promiscuous lipid scramblase with broad substrate specificity. SCIADV, 11(15), eads9135. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The multiple peptide resistance factor (MprF) is a bifunctional membrane protein found in many bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus . MprF modifies inner leaflet lipid headgroups through aminoacylation and translocates modified lipid to the outer leaflet. This activity provides increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. MprF presents a promising target in multiresistant pathogens, but structural information is limited and both substrate specificity and energization of MprF-mediated lipid transport are poorly understood. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of MprF from P. aeruginosa ( Pa MprF) bound to a synthetic nanobody. Pa MprF adopts an “open” conformation with a wide, lipid-exposed groove on the periplasmic side that induces a local membrane deformation in molecular dynamics simulations. Using an in vitro liposome transport assay, we demonstrate that Pa MprF translocates a wide range of different lipids without an external energy source. This suggests that Pa MprF is the first dedicated lipid scramblase to be characterized in bacteria.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew T. K. Hankins and Matyas Parrag and Alisa A. Garaeva and Jennifer C. Earp and Markus A. Seeger and Phillip J. Stansfeld and Maike Bublitz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9135}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads9135}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MprF from pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promiscuous lipid scramblase with broad substrate specificity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Effective recognition of double-stranded RNA does not require activation of cellular inflammation. SCIADV, 11(15), eads6498. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Excess double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is present in the cytoplasm of human cells, usually following viral infections. Recognition of dsRNAs activates innate immune pathways, leading to cellular inflammation and inhibition of cell growth. Here, we show that an effective dsRNA response may occur without the onset of inflammation. Pro-inflammatory [RLR (retinoic acid–inducible gene I–like receptor)–dependent pathway] and cell growth inhibitory mechanisms [oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/ribonuclease L (RNase L)– and dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR)–dependent pathways] can act independently. We found that the 5′ ends of dsRNA direct the onset of cellular inflammation, whereas the RNA duplex activates the OAS/RNase L and PKR pathways. Unexpectedly, three of the most common human RNA epitranscriptomic marks—i.e., N 6-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytosine, and pseudouridine—had almost no influence on the immunogenicity of dsRNA; however, the presence of N 6-methyladenosine inhibited the OAS/RNase L pathway. Our observations demonstrate how precisely innate immunity is fine tuned in cells to take appropriate countermeasures when a specific threat arises.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Karolina Drazkowska and Julia Cieslicka and Michal Kitowicz and Anna Pastucha and Lukasz Markiewicz and Wiktoria Szymanek and Krzysztof Goryca and Tomasz Kowalczyk and Dominik Cysewski and Andreas R. Bausch and Pawel J. Sikorski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6498}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads6498}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Effective recognition of double-stranded RNA does not require activation of cellular inflammation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distinct transmission sites within a synapse for strengthening and homeostasis. SCIADV, 11(15), eads5750. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {At synapses, miniature synaptic transmission forms the basic unit of evoked transmission, thought to use one canonical transmission site. Two general types of synaptic plasticity, associative plasticity to change synaptic weights and homeostatic plasticity to maintain an excitatory balance, are so far thought to be expressed at individual canonical sites in principal neurons of the cortex. Here, we report two separate types of transmission sites, termed silenceable and idle-able, each participating distinctly in evoked or miniature transmission in the mouse visual cortex. Both sites operated with a postsynaptic binary mode with different unitary sizes and mechanisms. During postnatal development, silenceable sites were unsilenced by associative plasticity with α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA)-receptor incorporation, increasing evoked transmission. Concurrently, miniature transmission remained constant, where AMPA-receptor state changes balanced unsilencing with increased idling at idle-able sites. Thus, individual cortical spine synapses mediated two parallel, interacting types of transmission, which predominantly contributed to either associative or homeostatic plasticity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yue Yang and Man Ho Wong and Xiaojie Huang and Delia N. Chiu and Yu-Zhang Liu and Vishnu Prabakaran and Amna Imran and Elisa Panzeri and Yixuan Chen and Paloma Huguet and Alexander Kunisky and Jonathan Ho and Yan Dong and Brett C. Carter and Weifeng Xu and Oliver M. Schlüter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5750}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads5750}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distinct transmission sites within a synapse for strengthening and homeostasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asparagine transporter supports macrophage inflammation via histone phosphorylation. SCIADV, 11(15), eads3506. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Solute carrier (SLC) family is essential for immune responses; nevertheless, whether and how SLCs regulate macrophage inflammation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that K636 acetylation mediates high abundance of SLC6A14 in inflammatory macrophages. Notably, the pharmacological inhibition or genetic modulation of SLC6A14 reduces macrophage interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion dependently of lower asparagine uptake and subsequently enhanced nuclear LKB1. Mechanistically, nuclear LKB1 lessens MAPK pathway–mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation by increased histone 3 S10/28 phosphorylation-dependent cyclin O transcription. Moreover, myeloid Slc6a14 deficiency alleviates pulmonary inflammation via suppressing inflammatory macrophage responses. Overall, these results uncover a network by which SLC6A14-mediated asparagine uptake orchestrates macrophage inflammation through histone phosphorylation, providing a crucial target for modulation of inflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuanlong Wang and Yuyi Ye and Muyang Zhao and Qingyi Chen and Bingnan Liu and Wenkai Ren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3506}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads3506}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asparagine transporter supports macrophage inflammation via histone phosphorylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fully circular shapable transparent paperboard with closed-loop recyclability and marine biodegradability across shallow to deep sea. SCIADV, 11(15), eads2426. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To mitigate marine pollution from single-use plastics, it is crucial to transition to next-generation commodity materials that are derived from biomass and are recyclable and marine biodegradable even at abyssal depths in case of the accidental release to the ocean. Here, we develop an optically transparent millimeter-thick paperboard called transparent paperboard (tPB) through dissolution and coagulation of cellulose. The tPB is made entirely of pristine cellulose and compositionally identical to paper. A cup-shaped tPB can hold just-boiled water without an internal film coating because of its high wet tensile properties and anisotropic thermal properties. In addition, the spent tPB is material recyclable in a closed system, where all chemicals and water are also recyclable. Furthermore, the marine biodegradability of tPB across shallow to abyssal depths is confirmed by on-site degradation tests and metagenomic analyses. Hence, tPB is expected to serve as a key fully circular commodity material in sustainable societies of the future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Noriyuki Isobe and Keiko Tanaka and Shun’ichi Ishii and Yasuhiro Shimane and Satoshi Okada and Kazuho Daicho and Wataru Sakuma and Kojiro Uetani and Toshihiro Yoshimura and Katsunori Kimoto and Satoshi Kimura and Tsuguyuki Saito and Ryota Nakajima and Masashi Tsuchiya and Tetsuro Ikuta and Shinsuke Kawagucci and Tadahisa Iwata and Hidetaka Nomaki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2426}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads2426}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fully circular shapable transparent paperboard with closed-loop recyclability and marine biodegradability across shallow to deep sea}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ferroelectric tunnel junctions integrated on semiconductors with enhanced fatigue resistance. SCIADV, 11(15), eads0724. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxide-based ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) show promise for nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic applications, making their integration with existing semiconductor technologies highly desirable. Furthermore, resistance fatigue in current silicon-based integration remains a critical issue. Understanding this fatigue mechanism in semiconductor-integrated FTJ is essential yet unresolved. Here, we systematically investigate the fatigue performance of ultrathin bismuth ferrite BiFeO 3 (BFO)–based FTJs integrated with various semiconductors. Notably, the BFO/gallium arsenide FTJ exhibits superior fatigue resistance characteristics (>10 8 cycles), surpassing the BFO/silicon FTJ (>10 6 cycles) and even approaching epitaxial oxide FTJs (>10 9 cycles). The atomic-scale fatigue mechanism is revealed as lattice structure collapse caused by oxygen vacancy accumulation in BFO near semiconductors after repeated switching. The enhanced fatigue-resistant behavior in BFO/gallium arsenide FTJ is due to gallium arsenide’s weak oxygen affinity, resulting in fewer oxygen vacancies. These findings provide deeper insights into the atomic-scale fatigue mechanism of semiconductor-integrated FTJs and pave the way for fabricating fatigue-resistant oxide FTJs for practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ningchong Zheng and Jiayi Li and Haoying Sun and Yipeng Zang and Peijie Jiao and Cong Shen and Xingyu Jiang and Yidong Xia and Yu Deng and Di Wu and Xiaoqing Pan and Yuefeng Nie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0724}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eads0724}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ferroelectric tunnel junctions integrated on semiconductors with enhanced fatigue resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Confirmation of breslow’s hypothesis: A carbene stable in liquid water. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr9681. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In 1958, Breslow proposed that the coenzyme thiamine, also known as vitamin B 1 , acted as a source of transient carbenes that facilitated the catalytic activity of various important enzymes. This was a controversial hypothesis, as, then and still now, carbenes are believed to be incompatible with water. Although evidence such as deuterium labeling experiments and the trapping of the so-called Breslow intermediate support Breslow’s hypothesis, no spectroscopic evidence has ever been presented to prove that carbenes can exist or be generated in water. In this study, we disclose the synthesis and complete spectroscopic characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance and a single-crystal structure of a carbene that can be generated in water and isolated as a stable species, thus unambiguously validating Breslow’s visionary hypothesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Varun Tej Raviprolu and Aaron Gregory and Isaac Banda and Scott G. McArthur and Sarah E. McArthur and William A. Goddard III and Charles B. Musgrave III and Vincent Lavallo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9681}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr9681}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Confirmation of breslow’s hypothesis: A carbene stable in liquid water}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rotatum of light. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr9092. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vortices are ubiquitous in nature and can be observed in fluids, condensed matter, and even in the formation of galaxies. Light, too, can evolve like a vortex. Optical vortex beams are exploited in light-matter interaction, free space communications, and imaging. Here, we introduce optical rotatum, a behavior of light in which an optical vortex beam experiences a quadratic chirp in its orbital angular momentum along the optical path. We show that such an adiabatic deformation of topology is associated with the accumulation of a Gouy phase factor, which, in turn, perturbs the propagation constant (spatial frequency) of the beam. The spatial structure of optical rotatum follows a logarithmic spiral—a signature that is commonly seen in the pattern formation of seashells and galaxies. Our work expands the previous literature on structured light, offers new modalities for light-matter interaction, communications, and sensing, and hints at analogous effects in condensed matter physics and Bose-Einstein condensates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ahmed H. Dorrah and Alfonso Palmieri and Lisa Li and Federico Capasso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9092}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr9092}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rotatum of light}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Make it flow from solid to liquid: Redox-active electrofluids for intrinsically stretchable batteries. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr9010. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-capacity stretchable batteries are crucial for next-generation wearables to enable long-term operation and mechanical conformability with the human user. In existing stretchable battery designs, increasing the active material to yield higher capacity often leads to thicker and stiffer solid electrodes with poor mechanical properties. Here, we present a concept that transfers the physical property of a battery electrode from a conventional solid into a fluid state. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the electrode rely on the viscosity of fluids rather than Young’s modulus of solids. Fluids conform easily into any shape with minimal force, making them intrinsically deformable. This decouples the electrochemical and mechanical property of the redox-active electrofluid, leading to higher capacities with more active material loading without stiffening the cell. The cell showed excellent capacity retention over 500 charge-discharge cycles and mechanical robustness up to 100% strain. Our work provides a technological solution for stretchable batteries that balances capacity and mechanical performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mohsen Mohammadi and Saeed Mardi and Jaywant Phopase and Filippa Wentz and Jibin J. Samuel and Ujwala Ail and Magnus Berggren and Reverant Crispin and Klas Tybrandt and Aiman Rahmanudin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9010}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr9010}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Make it flow from solid to liquid: Redox-active electrofluids for intrinsically stretchable batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neural mechanisms of resource allocation in working memory. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr8015. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To mitigate capacity limits of working memory, people allocate resources according to an item’s relevance. However, the neural mechanisms supporting such a critical operation remain unknown. Here, we developed computational neuroimaging methods to decode and demix neural responses associated with multiple items in working memory with different priorities. In striate and extrastriate cortex, the gain of neural responses tracked the priority of memoranda. We decoded higher-priority memoranda with smaller error and lower uncertainty. Moreover, these neural differences predicted behavioral differences in memory prioritization between and within participants. Trial-wise variability in the magnitude of delay activity in the frontal cortex predicted differences in decoded precision between low- and high-priority items in visual cortex. These results support a model in which feedback signals broadcast from frontal cortex sculpt the gain of memory representations in the visual cortex according to behavioral relevance, thus identifying a neural mechanism for resource allocation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hsin-Hung Li and Thomas C. Sprague and Aspen H. Yoo and Wei Ji Ma and Clayton E. Curtis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8015}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr8015}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neural mechanisms of resource allocation in working memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Silicate-based therapy for inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy by inhibiting the vicious cycle of immune inflammation via FOXO signaling. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr7208. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (iDCM) represents a severe immune-related condition provoked by the progression of myocarditis. In patients suffering from myocarditis, a vicious cycle of inflammation orchestrated by CD4 + T cells, neutrophils, and fibroblasts is the culprit that drives the deterioration of myocarditis into iDCM. This study designed composite microneedles and ion solutions using calcium silicate bioceramics, which deliver SiO 3 2− directly into myocardial tissue or indirectly via systemic circulation. These interventions modulate the cell microenvironment by regulating CD4 + T/T helper 17 (T H 17) cells and their interactions with neutrophils and fibroblasts through the forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling pathway. Specifically, SiO 3 2− inhibits the hyperdifferentiation of CD4 + T cells to T H 17 cells by regulating FOXO1 and neutrophils to neutrophil extracellular traps as well as fibroblasts to myofibroblasts by regulating FOXO3, thereby ultimately disrupting the vicious cycle of myocardial inflammation and subsequent fibrotic lesions in iDCM. This discovery indicates that the biomaterial-based strategy may have great potential for the treatment of iDCM.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ping Sun and Zhaowenbin Zhang and Fei Gao and Chen Yang and Ge Mang and Shuai Fu and Jiawei Tian and Jiang Chang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7208}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr7208}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Silicate-based therapy for inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy by inhibiting the vicious cycle of immune inflammation via FOXO signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Female sex hormones exacerbate retinal neurodegeneration. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr6211. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and macular degeneration represent major sources of human suffering, yet factors influencing disease severity remain poorly understood. Sex has been implicated as one modifying factor. Here, we show that female sex is a risk factor for worsened outcomes in a model of retinal degeneration and that this susceptibility is caused by the presence of female-specific sex hormones. The adverse effect of female sex hormones was specific to diseased retinal neurons, and depletion of these hormones ameliorated this phenotypic effect, while reintroduction worsened rates of disease in females. Transcriptional analysis of retinas showed significant differences between genes involved in pyroptosis, inflammatory responses, and endoplasmic reticulum stress–induced apoptosis between males and females with retinal degeneration. These findings provide crucial insights into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and how sex hormones can affect disease severity. These findings have far-reaching implications for clinical trial design and the use of hormonal therapy in females with certain neurodegenerative disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashley A. Rowe and Mauricio J. Velasquez and Jacob W. Aumeier and Sofia Reyes and Tiffany Yee and Emily R. Nettesheim and Jeffrey G. McDonald and Katherine J. Wert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6211}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr6211}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Female sex hormones exacerbate retinal neurodegeneration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of synthetic small molecules targeting the central regulator of salmonella pathogenicity. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr5235. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium relies on the activity of effector proteins to invade, replicate, and disseminate into host epithelial cells and other tissues, thereby causing disease. Secretion and injection of effector proteins into host cells is mediated by dedicated secretion systems, which hence represent major virulence determinants. Here, we report the identification of a synthetic small molecule with drug-like properties, C26, which suppresses the secretion of effector proteins and consequently hinders bacterial invasion of eukaryotic cells. C26 binds to and inhibits HilD, the transcriptional regulator of the major secretion systems. Although sharing the same binding pocket as the previously described long-chain fatty acid ligands, C26 inhibits HilD with a unique binding mode and a distinct mechanism. We provide evidence of intramacrophage activity and present analogs with improved potency and suitability as scaffolds to develop antivirulence agents against Salmonella infections in humans and animals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abdelhakim Boudrioua and Joe D. Joiner and Iwan Grin and Thales Kronenberger and Vadim S. Korotkov and Wieland Steinchen and Alexander Kohler and Sophie Schminke and Julia-Christina Schulte and Michael Pietsch and Arun Naini and Simon Kalverkamp and Sven-Kevin Hotop and Travis Coyle and Claudio Piselli and Murray Coles and Katharina Rox and Matthias Marschal and Gert Bange and Antje Flieger and Antti Poso and Mark Brönstrup and Marcus D. Hartmann and Samuel Wagner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5235}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr5235}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of synthetic small molecules targeting the central regulator of salmonella pathogenicity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Control of morphogenesis during the staphylococcus aureus cell cycle. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr5011. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial cell division is a complex, multistage process requiring septum development while maintaining cell wall integrity. A dynamic, macromolecular protein complex, the divisome, tightly controls morphogenesis both spatially and temporally, but the mechanisms that tune septal progression are largely unknown. By studying conditional mutants of genes encoding DivIB, DivIC, and FtsL, an essential trimeric complex central to cell division in bacteria, we demonstrate that FtsL and DivIB play independent, hierarchical roles coordinating peptidoglycan synthesis across specific septal developmental checkpoints. They are required for the localization of downstream divisome components and the redistribution of peptidoglycan synthesis from the cell periphery to the septum. This is achieved by positive regulation of septum production and negative regulation of peripheral cell wall synthesis. Our analysis has led to a model for the coordination of cell division in Staphylococcus aureus , forming a framework for understanding how protein localization and function are integrated with cell wall structural dynamics across the bacteria.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mariana Tinajero-Trejo and Matthew Aindow and Laia Pasquina-Lemonche and Lucia Lafage and Abimbola Feyisara Adedeji-Olulana and Joshua A. F. Sutton and Katarzyna Wacnik and Yaosheng Jia and Bohdan Bilyk and Wenqi Yu and Jamie K. Hobbs and Simon J. Foster}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5011}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr5011}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Control of morphogenesis during the staphylococcus aureus cell cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling high ductility in boron carbide crystal at room temperature. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr4648. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ductility is critical for preventing materials catastrophic fracture. However, achieving tensile ductility in covalent materials remains challenging and unexplored because of the strong, directional covalent bonds. Here, we unveiled the remarkable tensile ductility driven by vacancies in boron carbide (B 4 C). Using advanced electron ptychography techniques, we identified the presence of carbon-vacancy-carbon chains with boron vacancies in B 4 C lattice. The fabricated B 4 C beams exhibit a high ductility (~26.8%) at room temperature, a characteristic previously unattained in covalent materials and comparable to metals. In situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that the formation of local amorphous regions after B 4 C lattice exceeded its elastic strain limit, causing plastic deformation. Atomistic simulations, using experimentally observed B 4 C models, reveal that the creation of carbon-carbon bonds in chains containing boron vacancies causes localized amorphization and contributes to the plastic deformation. This research highlights the significance of vacancies in facilitating plastic deformation in B 4 C and suggests a potential strategy to improve the ductility of strong covalent materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Penghui Li and Jun Li and Qilong Feng and Tianye Jin and Yeqiang Bu and Chong Wang and Kun Luo and Shoucong Ning and Bo Xu and Yihan Zhu and Qi An and Hongtao Wang and Anmin Nie and Yongjun Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4648}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr4648}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling high ductility in boron carbide crystal at room temperature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploring the berezinskii-kosterlitz-thouless transition in a two-dimensional dipolar bose gas. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr2715. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Long-range and anisotropic dipolar interactions induce complex order in quantum systems, particularly interesting in 2D where superfluidity emerges via the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) mechanism. We observe a superfluid phase with algebraically decaying correlation in a quasi-2D dipolar Bose gas of erbium atoms and further identify the superfluid phase transition by monitoring extended coherence. We also measure equations of state with tunable dipolar interactions. Our findings show a transition point shift due to dipole orientation, aligning with BKT transition with effective short-range interaction. However, we observe that in-plane tilted dipoles show nonlocal effects in the superfluid regime, preventing the effective short-range interaction from revealing universal behavior near the BKT critical point. We also measure anisotropic atom number fluctuations in the superfluid regime, highlighting its dipolar nature. Our results provide a foundation for understanding dipolar bosons in 2D and pave the way for investigating complex orders in dipolar superfluids.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifei He and Ziting Chen and Haoting Zhen and Mingchen Huang and Mithilesh K. Parit and Gyu-Boong Jo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2715}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr2715}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploring the berezinskii-kosterlitz-thouless transition in a two-dimensional dipolar bose gas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Generation of an inflammatory niche in a hydrogel depot through recruitment of key immune cells improves efficacy of mRNA vaccines. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr2631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Messenger RNA (mRNA) delivered in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) rose to the forefront of vaccine candidates during the COVID-19 pandemic due to scalability, adaptability, and potency. Yet, there remain critical areas for improvements of these vaccines in durability and breadth of humoral responses. In this work, we explore a modular strategy to target mRNA/LNPs to antigen-presenting cells with an injectable polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogel technology, which recruits key immune cells and forms an immunological niche in vivo. We characterize this niche on a single-cell level and find it is highly tunable through incorporation of adjuvants like MPLAs and 3M-052. Delivering commercially available severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 mRNA vaccines in PNP hydrogels improves the durability and quality of germinal center reactions, and the magnitude, breadth, and durability of humoral responses. The tunable immune niche formed within PNP hydrogels effectively skews immune responses based on encapsulated adjuvants, creating opportunities to precisely modulate mRNA/LNP vaccines for various indications from infectious diseases to cancers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Emily L. Meany and John H. Klich and Carolyn K. Jons and Tianyang Mao and Namit Chaudhary and Ashley Utz and Julie Baillet and Ye E. Song and Olivia M. Saouaf and Ben S. Ou and Shoshana C. Williams and Noah Eckman and Darrell J. Irvine and Eric Appel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr2631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Generation of an inflammatory niche in a hydrogel depot through recruitment of key immune cells improves efficacy of mRNA vaccines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovering cryptic pocket opening and binding of a stimulant derivative in a vestibular site of the 5-HT3A receptor. SCIADV, 11(15), eadr0797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A diverse set of modulators, including stimulants and anesthetics, regulates ion channel function in our nervous system. However, structures of ligand-bound complexes can be difficult to capture by experimental methods, particularly when binding is dynamic. Here, we used computational methods and electrophysiology to identify a possible bound state of a modulatory stimulant derivative in a cryptic vestibular pocket of a mammalian serotonin-3 receptor. We first applied a molecular dynamics simulation–based goal-oriented adaptive sampling method to identify possible open-pocket conformations, followed by Boltzmann docking that combines traditional docking with Markov state modeling. Clustering and analysis of stability and accessibility of docked poses supported a preferred binding site; we further validated this site by mutagenesis and electrophysiology, suggesting a mechanism of potentiation by stabilizing intersubunit contacts. Given the pharmaceutical relevance of serotonin-3 receptors in emesis, psychiatric, and gastrointestinal diseases, characterizing relatively unexplored modulatory sites such as these could open valuable avenues to understanding conformational cycling and designing state-dependent drugs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nandan Haloi and Emelia Karlsson and Marc Delarue and Rebecca J. Howard and Erik Lindahl}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadr0797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovering cryptic pocket opening and binding of a stimulant derivative in a vestibular site of the 5-HT3A receptor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). EIF3D safeguards the homeostasis of key signaling pathways in human primed pluripotency. SCIADV, 11(15), eadq5484. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although pluripotent stem cell (PSC) properties, such as differentiation and infinite proliferation, have been well documented within the frameworks of transcription factor networks, epigenomes, and signal transduction, they remain unclear and fragmented. Directing attention toward translational regulation as a bridge between these events can yield additional insights into previously unexplained mechanisms. Our functional CRISPR interference screen–based approach revealed that EIF3D, a translation initiation factor, is crucial for maintaining primed pluripotency. Loss of EIF3D disrupted the balance of pluripotency-associated signaling pathways, thereby compromising primed pluripotency. Moreover, EIF3D ensured robust proliferation by controlling the translation of various p53 regulators, which maintain low p53 activity in the undifferentiated state. In this way, EIF3D-mediated translation contributes to tuning the homeostasis of the primed pluripotency networks, ensuring the maintenance of an undifferentiated state with high proliferative potential. This study provides further insights into the translation network in maintaining pluripotency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chikako Okubo and Michiko Nakamura and Masae Sato and Yuichi Shichino and Mari Mito and Yasuhiro Takashima and Shintaro Iwasaki and Kazutoshi Takahashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5484}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadq5484}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {EIF3D safeguards the homeostasis of key signaling pathways in human primed pluripotency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CD22 TCR-engineered t cells exert antileukemia cytotoxicity without causing inflammatory responses. SCIADV, 11(15), eadq4297. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells effectively treat B cell malignancies. However, CAR-T cells cause inflammatory toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which is in contrast to T cell receptor (TCR)–engineered T cells against various antigens that historically have rarely been associated with CRS. To study whether and how differences in receptor types affect the propensity for eliciting inflammatory responses in a model system wherein TCR and CAR target equalized sources of clinically relevant antigen, we discovered a CD22-specific TCR and compared it to CD22 CAR. Both CD22 TCR-T and CD22 CAR-T cells eradicated leukemia in xenografts, but only CD22 CAR-T cells induced dose-dependent systemic inflammation. Compared to TCR-T cells, CAR-T cells disproportionately upregulated inflammatory pathways without concordant augmentation in pathways involved in direct cytotoxicity upon antigen engagement. These differences in antileukemia responses comparing TCR-T and CAR-T cells highlight the potential opportunity to improve therapeutic safety by using TCRs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kilyna A. Nguyen and Zhihui Liu and John S. Davies and Crystal P. McIntosh and Lindsey M. Draper and Scott M. Norberg and Zachary Rae and Sooraj R. Achar and Gregoire Altan-Bonnet and Ling Zhang and Xiaolin Wu and Thomas J. Meyer and Michael C. Kelly and Naomi Taylor and Christian S. Hinrichs and Kazusa Ishii}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4297}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadq4297}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CD22 TCR-engineered t cells exert antileukemia cytotoxicity without causing inflammatory responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding the interstitial/vacancy nature of dislocation loops with their morphological fingerprints in face-centered cubic structure. SCIADV, 11(15), eadq4070. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dislocation loops are critical defects inducing detrimental effects like embrittlement and swelling in materials under irradiation. Distinguishing their nature (interstitial- or vacancy-type) is a long-standing challenge with great implications for understanding radiation damage. Here, we demonstrate that the morphology of radiation-induced Frank loops can unveil their nature in face-centered cubic (fcc) structure: Circular loops are interstitial-type in all fcc materials, while segmented loops are vacancy-type in high stacking fault energy (SFE) alloys but varied-type in low SFE and high-entropy alloys. The polygonal shape is attributed to the dissociation of an a 0 /3<111> dislocation into an a 0 /6<112> Shockley partial and an a 0 /6<110> stair-rod dislocation. The dissociation of vacancy loops is energetically favorable, whereas interstitial loops require external stimuli to promote dislocation propagation. This “morphology-nature” correlation not only highlights the asymmetry of vacancy/interstitial loops but also offers an efficient way to distinguish loop nature for a wide range of materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kan Ma and Long Guo and Antoine Dartois and Estelle Meslin and Colin Ophus and Brigitte Décamps and Anna Fraczkiewicz and Alexander J. Knowles and Lumin Wang and Olivier Tissot and Frédéric Prima and Fei Gao and Huiqiu Deng and Marie Loyer-Prost}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4070}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadq4070}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding the interstitial/vacancy nature of dislocation loops with their morphological fingerprints in face-centered cubic structure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Alpha-synuclein regulates nucleolar DNA double-strand break repair in melanoma. SCIADV, 11(15), eadq2519. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although an increased risk of the skin cancer melanoma in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been shown in multiple studies, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood, but increased expression of the PD-associated protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) in melanoma cells may be important. Our previous work suggests that αSyn can facilitate DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, promoting genomic stability. We now show that αSyn is preferentially enriched within the nucleolus in melanoma, where it colocalizes with DNA damage markers and DSBs. Inducing DSBs specifically within nucleolar ribosomal DNA (rDNA) increases αSyn levels near sites of damage. αSyn knockout increases DNA damage within the nucleolus at baseline, after specific rDNA DSB induction, and prolongs the rate of recovery from this induced damage. αSyn is important downstream of ataxia-telangiectasia–mutated signaling to facilitate MDC1-mediated 53BP1 recruitment to DSBs, reducing micronuclei formation and promoting cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Moriah R. Arnold and Gabriel M. Cohn and Kezia Catharina Oxe and Somarr N. Elliott and Cynthia Moore and Allison May Zhou and Peter V. Laraia and Sahar Shekoohi and Dillon Brownell and Rosalie C. Sears and Randall L. Woltjer and Charles K. Meshul and Stephan N. Witt and Dorthe H. Larsen and Vivek K. Unni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2519}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadq2519}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Alpha-synuclein regulates nucleolar DNA double-strand break repair in melanoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dual-mechanism luminescent antibiotic for bacterial infection identification and eradication. SCIADV, 11(15), eadp9448. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Because of the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, there is a growing need to discover antibacterial agents. Here, we design and synthesize a compound of TPA2PyBu that kills both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with an undetectably low drug resistance. Comprehensive analyses reveal that the antimicrobial activity of TPA2PyBu proceeds via a unique dual mechanism by damaging bacterial membrane integrity and inducing DNA aggregation. TPA2PyBu could provide imaging specificity that differentiates bacterial infection from inflammation and cancer. High in vivo treatment efficacy of TPA2PyBu was achieved in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection mouse models. This promising antimicrobial agent suggests that combining multiple mechanisms of action into a single molecule can be an effective approach to address challenging bacterial infections.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guobin Qi and Xianglong Liu and Hao Li and Yunyun Qian and Can Liu and Jiahao Zhuang and Leilei Shi and Bin Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9448}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadp9448}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dual-mechanism luminescent antibiotic for bacterial infection identification and eradication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Astrocytic RNA editing regulates the host immune response to alpha-synuclein. SCIADV, 11(15), eadp8504. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {RNA editing is a posttranscriptional mechanism that targets changes in RNA transcripts to modulate innate immune responses. We report the role of astrocyte-specific, ADAR1-mediated RNA editing in neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We generated human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived astrocytes, neurons and cocultures and exposed them to small soluble alpha-synuclein aggregates. Oligomeric alpha-synuclein triggered an inflammatory glial state associated with Toll-like receptor activation, viral responses, and cytokine secretion. This reactive state resulted in loss of neurosupportive functions and the induction of neuronal toxicity. Notably, interferon response pathways were activated leading to up-regulation and isoform switching of the RNA deaminase enzyme, ADAR1. ADAR1 mediates A-to-I RNA editing, and increases in RNA editing were observed in inflammatory pathways in cells, as well as in postmortem human PD brain. Aberrant, or dysregulated, ADAR1 responses and RNA editing may lead to sustained inflammatory reactive states in astrocytes triggered by alpha-synuclein aggregation, and this may drive the neuroinflammatory cascade in Parkinson’s.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Karishma D'Sa and Minee L. Choi and Aaron Z. Wagen and Núria Setó-Salvia and Olga Kopach and James R. Evans and Margarida Rodrigues and Patricia Lopez-Garcia and Joanne Lachica and Benjamin E. Clarke and Jaijeet Singh and Ali Ghareeb and James Bayne and Melissa Grant-Peters and Sonia Garcia-Ruiz and Zhongbo Chen and Samuel Rodriques and Dilan Athauda and Emil K. Gustavsson and Sarah A. Gagliano Taliun and Christina Toomey and Regina H. Reynolds and George Young and Stephanie Strohbuecker and Thomas Warner and Dmitri A. Rusakov and Rickie Patani and Clare Bryant and David A. Klenerman and Sonia Gandhi and Mina Ryten}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8504}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadp8504}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Astrocytic RNA editing regulates the host immune response to alpha-synuclein}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Loss of ten1 in mice induces telomere shortening and models human dyskeratosis congenita. SCIADV, 11(15), eadp8093. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Telomere length regulation is essential for genome stability as short telomeres can trigger cellular senescence and apoptosis constituting an integral aspect of biological aging. Telomere biology disorders (TBDs) such as dyskeratosis congenita (DC) are rare, inherited diseases with known mutations in at least 16 different genes encoding components of the telomere maintenance complexes. The precise role of TEN1, part of the CST complex (CTC1, STN1, and TEN1), and the consequences of its loss of function in vivo are not yet known. We investigated the first viable murine model of Ten1 deficiency created by CRISPR-Cas9–mediated exon 3 deletion. Ten1 homozygous knockout mice present with telomere attrition, short life span, skin hyperpigmentation, aplastic anemia, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Molecular analyses revealed a reduction of proliferating cells, increased apoptosis, and stem cell depletion with activation of the p53/p21 signaling pathway. Our data demonstrate that Ten1 deficiency causes telomere shortening and associates with accelerated aging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Adrián Sanz-Moreno and Lore Becker and Kan Xie and Patricia da Silva-Buttkus and Nathalia R. V. Dragano and Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel and Oana V. Amarie and Julia Calzada-Wack and Markus Kraiger and Stefanie Leuchtenberger and Claudia Seisenberger and Susan Marschall and Birgit Rathkolb and Enzo Scifo and Ting Liu and Anoja Thanabalasingam and Raul Sanchez-Vazquez and Paula Martinez and Maria A. Blasco and Sharon A. Savage and Helmut Fuchs and Dan Ehninger and Valérie Gailus-Durner and Martin Hrabê de Angelis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8093}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadp8093}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Loss of ten1 in mice induces telomere shortening and models human dyskeratosis congenita}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On the analysis of metabolite quantitative trait loci: Impact of different data transformations and study designs. SCIADV, 11(15), eadp4532. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolomic genome-wide association studies (mGWASs), or metabolomic quantitative trait locus (metQTL) analyses, are gaining growing attention. However, robust methods and analysis guidelines, vital to address the complexity of metabolomic data, remain to be established. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing and metabolomic data from two independent studies to compare different approaches. We adopted three popular data transformation methods for metabolite levels—(i) log 10 transformation, (ii) rank inverse normal transformation, and (iii) a fully adjusted two-step procedure—and compared population-based versus family-based analysis approaches. For validation, we performed permutation-based testing, Huber regression, and independent replication analysis. Simulation studies were used to illustrate the observed differences between data transformations. We demonstrate the advantages and limitations of popular analytic strategies used in mGWASs where especially low-frequency variants in combination with a skewed metabolite measurement distribution can lead to potentially false-positive metQTL findings. We recommend the rank inverse normal transformation or robust test statistics such as in family-based association tests as reliable approaches for mGWASs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sanghun Lee and Rachel S. Kelly and Kevin M. Mendez and Dmitry Prokopenko and Georg Hahn and Sharon M. Lutz and Juan C. Celedón and Clary B. Clish and Scott T. Weiss and Christoph Lange and Jessica A. Lasky-Su and Julian Hecker and NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Consortium}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4532}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadp4532}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On the analysis of metabolite quantitative trait loci: Impact of different data transformations and study designs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate mitigation potential for targeted forestation after considering climate change, fires, and albedo. SCIADV, 11(15), eadn7915. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Afforestation and reforestation, both of which refer to forestation strategies, are widely promoted as key tools to mitigate anthropogenic warming. However, the carbon sequestration potential of these efforts remains uncertain in satellite-based assessments, particularly when accounting for dynamic climate conditions, vegetation-climate feedback, fire-dominated disturbance, and the trade-offs associated with surface albedo changes. Leveraging a coupled Earth system model, we estimated that global forestation mitigates 31.3 to 69.2 Pg C eq (carbon equivalent) during 2021–2100 under a sustainable shared socioeconomic pathway. Regionally, the highest carbon mitigation potential of forestation concentrates in tropical areas, while mid-high-latitude regions demonstrate higher heterogeneity, highlighting the need for region-specific strategies and further refinement of nature-based mitigation plans. Our findings underscore the importance of considering disturbances and minimizing adverse albedo changes when estimating the carbon mitigation potential of forestation initiatives. We also advocate for the development of consistent, high-resolution maps of suitable areas for targeted forestation, avoiding environmentally sensitive lands and potential conflicts with other human activities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shijing Liang and Alan D. Ziegler and Peter B. Reich and Kai Zhu and Dashan Wang and Xin Jiang and Deliang Chen and Philippe Ciais and Zhenzhong Zeng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn7915}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadn7915}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate mitigation potential for targeted forestation after considering climate change, fires, and albedo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Androgen receptor–regulated lncRNA PRCAT71 promotes AR signaling through the interaction with KHSRP in prostate cancer. SCIADV, 11(15), eadk6989. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mounting evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. However, the functions and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa) are still largely unknown. In this study, we found an lncRNA, PCa-associated transcript 71 (PRCAT71), highly expressed in metastatic and primary PCa compared to benign prostate tissues. Silencing PRCAT71 inhibited cancerous properties of PCa cells and androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Mechanistically, PRCAT71 acts as a scaffold to recruit K homology (KH)–type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) to AR messenger RNA (mRNA) and stabilize AR mRNA, leading to activated AR signaling. KHSRP plays a critical role in PCa progression. PRCAT71 is transcriptionally regulated by AR-driven enhancers, forming a positive regulatory loop between AR and PRCAT71 in PCa. Our study demonstrates a coordinated regulation of AR mRNA by lncRNA PRCAT71 and RNA binding protein KHSRP and provides insight that the PRCAT71-KHSRP-AR axis is a promising therapeutic target for treating PCa.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongyong Yang and Ting-You Wang and Qianru Li and Jiawen Lu and Yanan Ren and Adam B. Weiner and Joshua Fry and Qi Liu and Chaehyun Yum and Rui Wang and Qingxiang Guo and Yu Wan and Zhe Ji and Xuesen Dong and Tamara L. Lotan and Edward M. Schaeffer and Rendong Yang and Qi Cao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk6989}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {15}, pages = {eadk6989}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Androgen receptor–regulated lncRNA PRCAT71 promotes AR signaling through the interaction with KHSRP in prostate cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Light-stimulated micromotor swarms in an electric field with accurate spatial, temporal, and mode control” by z. liang et al.. SCIADV, 11(14), eadx6064. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There were errors in the originally published version of Fig. 2A in the Research Article “Light-stimulated micromotor swarms in an electric field with accurate spatial, temporal, and mode control” by Z. Liang et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx6064}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadx6064}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Light-stimulated micromotor swarms in an electric field with accurate spatial, temporal, and mode control” by z. liang et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Experimental quantification of nuclear quantum effects on the hydrogen bond of liquid water. SCIADV, 11(14), eadv7218. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) significantly influence material properties upon isotopic substitution, particularly with light atoms such as hydrogen. While water is rich in hydrogen, its hydrogen-bonded structure exhibits only moderate NQEs. Simulations ascribe this to competing zero-point energies (ZPEs): Intermolecular ZPEs stabilize hydrogen-bonds, while intramolecular ZPEs destabilize them. However, experimental validation has been lacking due to the difficulty in quantifying NQEs. The air/water interface provides an ideal platform to quantify NQEs in liquid water using surface-specific vibrational spectroscopy. By analyzing the excess/depletion of interfacial HOD, H 2 O, and D 2 O molecules with one free OH/OD group and the other H-bonded OH/OD group, we found that the intermolecular ZPE destabilizes the hydrogen-bonds by 0.74 ± 0.20 kilojoule per mole upon isotope substitution from H to D, while the intramolecular ZPE stabilizes them by 0.78 ± 0.33 kilojoule per mole. This near-complete cancellation explains the overall moderate NQE in liquid water. The interface thus allows for quantifying NQEs in water.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kuo-Yang Chiang and Johannes Hunger and Mischa Bonn and Yuki Nagata}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv7218}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadv7218}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Experimental quantification of nuclear quantum effects on the hydrogen bond of liquid water}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct observation and force modulation of single-bond reactions at the ion/metal interface. SCIADV, 11(14), eadv4771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elucidating the mechanisms of ion-involved interfacial reactions at the single-bond level is important for understanding interface science. Here, the reaction between pyridine ions and protons at the solid-liquid interface is studied in situ using a single-molecule conductance measurement technique. By manipulating the interfacial electrostatic potential, an ion/metal interfacial state relying on electrostatic interactions has been discovered, comprising terminal group-hydrogen-gold in specific. The reversible interfacial protonation reaction mechanism is revealed in situ at the single-bond level based on this interfacial state. Experiment results also indicate that external forces can effectively regulate this ion-involved interfacial reaction. This work provides a single-bond approach for in situ investigations of ion-involved interfacial reactions with an ion/metal interfacial state, thus promoting the development of interface science.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cong Zhao and Kun Li and Jie Hao and Yanlei Wang and Hongyan He and Chuancheng Jia and Xuefeng Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadv4771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct observation and force modulation of single-bond reactions at the ion/metal interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Starfish-inspired wearable bioelectronic systems for physiological signal monitoring during motion and real-time heart disease diagnosis. SCIADV, 11(14), eadv2406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Soft bioelectronics enable noninvasive, continuous monitoring of physiological signals, essential for precision health care. However, capturing biosignals during physical activity, particularly biomechanical signals like cardiac mechanics, remains challenging due to motion-induced interference. Inspired by starfish’s pentaradial symmetry, we introduce a starfish-like wearable bioelectronic system designed for high-fidelity signal monitoring during movement. The device, featuring five flexible, free-standing sensing arms connected to a central electronic hub, substantially reduces mechanical interference and enables high-fidelity acquisition of cardiac electrical (electrocardiogram) and mechanical (seismocardiogram and gyrocardiogram) signals during motion when coupled with signal compensation and machine learning. Using these three cardiac signal types as inputs, machine learning models deployed on smart devices achieve real-time, high-accuracy (more than 91%) diagnoses of heart conditions such as atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. These findings open previously undiscovered avenues by leveraging bioinspired device concepts combined with cutting-edge data science to boost bioelectronic performance and diagnostic precision.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sicheng Chen and Qunle Ouyang and Xianglin Meng and Yibo Yang and Can Li and Xuanbo Miao and Zehua Chen and Ganggang Zhao and Yaguo Lei and Bernard Ghanem and Sandeep Gautam and Jianlin Cheng and Zheng Yan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadv2406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Starfish-inspired wearable bioelectronic systems for physiological signal monitoring during motion and real-time heart disease diagnosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Modular synthesis of bis-α-chiral amines using ellman sulfinamide for consecutive S-to-C chirality induction/transfer. SCIADV, 11(14), eadv2010. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Amines are ubiquitous components in pharmaceuticals. Increasing saturated substitutions ( sp 3 -hybridized carbon) at the amino center and the number of chiral centers can enrich the molecular diversity and chemical space, ultimately enhancing the success of drug development. However, the synthesis of such advanced amines is challenging due to a higher level of structural complexity and stereo-control. Here, we report a modular protocol for short de novo synthesis of bis-α-chiral amines. This protocol uses commercially available Ellman sulfinamide, tert -butanesulfinamide ( t BS), as the exclusive chiral source to selectively produce all possible stereoisomers. Sequential formation of contiguous α-amino chiral carbons is achieved by chirality induction and transfer mechanisms that are both enabled by t BS, the stereoselective imine functionalization and alkyne-participated rearrangement reaction. The second step we developed is crucial for high diastereoselectivity, which is problematic in previous methods. The other coupling partners used in this protocol are abundant feedstocks, providing desirable chemical diversity in the products.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guangwu Sun and Herui Liu and Baobiao Dong and Yuchao Zhang and Zilong Zhao and Bing Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2010}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadv2010}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Modular synthesis of bis-α-chiral amines using ellman sulfinamide for consecutive S-to-C chirality induction/transfer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Melt-mixed superlayer cocrystal formation using symmetric and unsymmetric organic semiconductors. SCIADV, 11(14), eadv1878. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organic molecules with a rigid, π-conjugated core (π-core) and flexible alkyl chains (C n ) naturally exhibit liquid crystal (LC) phases, promoting self-assembly of quasi–two-dimensional semiconducting layered crystals. However, particular roles of rigid and flexible parts in layer formations remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate formation of an unprecedented superlayer cocrystal phase via a unique smectic LC phase in the equimolar melt mixture of symmetrically distinct molecules. The molecules used are a monoalkylated [(π-core)-C n ] using 2-octyl[1]benzothieno[3,2- b ][1]benzothiophene (mono-C 8 -BTBT) and a dialkylated [C n -(π-core)-C n ] using 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2- b ][1]benzothiophene (di-C 8 -BTBT). Thermal analyses show that the superlayer cocrystal is exclusively induced at the equimolar mixture via melt crystallization from the LC phase. X-ray structure analysis reveals a reversible C n -(π-core)-C n ···(π-core)-C n stacking arrangement in the superlayer cocrystal, where π-cores and alkyl chains form nearly independent layers. Notably, this melt crystallization allows solvent-free fabrication of semiconductive polycrystalline films for excellent thin-film transistors. These findings pave the way for tailoring a quasi–two-dimensional structure in LC materials toward molecular electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kiyoshi Nikaido and Seita Kuroda and Satoru Inoue and Tatsuo Hasegawa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1878}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadv1878}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Melt-mixed superlayer cocrystal formation using symmetric and unsymmetric organic semiconductors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spin-chirality-driven second-harmonic generation in two-dimensional magnet CrSBr. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu6562. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The interplay between magnetism and light can create abundant optical phenomena. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of an unconventional magnetization-induced second-harmonic generation (MSHG) stemming from vector spin chirality, denoted as chiral second-harmonic generation (SHG). Taking the antiferromagnetic (AFM) CrSBr bilayer as a prototype, we theoretically show that, via spin canting, the chiral SHG can be continuously tuned from zero to a value one order of magnitude larger than its intrinsic MSHG. Chiral SHG is found to be proportional to spin chirality and spin-canting-induced electric polarization, while intrinsic MSHG is proportional to the Néel vector, demonstrating their different physical mechanisms. Additionally, we reveal a unique interference effect between these two types of MSHG under the reversal of spin-canting direction, generating a giant modulation of SHG signals. Our work not only uncovers a unique SHG with exceptional tunability but also promotes the applications of AFM optical devices and magnetoelectric detection techniques.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dezhao Wu and Yong Xu and Meng Ye and Wenhui Duan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6562}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu6562}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spin-chirality-driven second-harmonic generation in two-dimensional magnet CrSBr}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A high-throughput experimentation platform for data-driven discovery in electrochemistry. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu4391. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Automating electrochemical analyses combined with artificial intelligence is poised to accelerate discoveries in renewable energy sciences and technologies. This study presents an automated high-throughput electrochemical characterization (AHTech) platform as a cost-effective and versatile tool for rapidly assessing liquid analytes. The Python-controlled platform combines a liquid handling robot, potentiostat, and customizable microelectrode bundles for diverse, reproducible electrochemical measurements in microtiter plates, minimizing chemical consumption and manual effort. To showcase the capability of AHTech, we screened a library of 180 small molecules as electrolyte additives for aqueous zinc metal batteries, generating data for training machine learning models to predict Coulombic efficiencies. Key molecular features governing additive performance were elucidated using Shapley Additive exPlanations and Spearman’s correlation, pinpointing high-performance candidates like cis -4-hydroxy- d -proline, which achieved an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.52% over 200 cycles. The workflow established herein is highly adaptable, offering a powerful framework for accelerating the exploration and optimization of extensive chemical spaces across diverse energy storage and conversion fields.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dian-Zhao Lin and Kai-Jui Pan and Yuyin Li and Charles B. Musgrave III and Lingyu Zhang and Krish N. Jayarapu and Tianchen Li and Jasmine Vy Tran and William A. GoddardIII and Zhengtang Luo and Yayuan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4391}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu4391}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A high-throughput experimentation platform for data-driven discovery in electrochemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An autonomous snapper featuring adaptive actuation and embodied intelligence. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu4268. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing artificial systems with autonomous motion is essential for creating devices that emulate nature’s adaptive mechanisms. Here, we introduce a light-driven liquid crystalline network snapper that integrates both sensing and actuation capabilities, enabling adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Under constant light illumination, the snapper undergoes spontaneous snap-through transformation driven by the elastic instability embedded within the material. The snapper achieves out-of-equilibrium motion through continuous energy transfer with the environment, enabling it to sustain dynamic, reversible cycles of snapping without external control. We demonstrate the ability of the liquid crystalline network snapper to detect environmental changes—such as shifts in temperature, surface roughness, and color—demonstrating a form of embodied intelligence. This work offers a distinctive strategy for designing biomimetic devices that merge embodied intelligence with autonomous motion, opening pathways for advanced, adaptive systems for soft robotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Duygu S. Polat and Zihua Chen and Samüel A. M. Weima and Satoshi Aya and Danqing Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4268}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu4268}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An autonomous snapper featuring adaptive actuation and embodied intelligence}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autism-like atypical face processing in shank3 mutant dogs. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu3793. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atypical face processing is a neurocognitive basis of social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and a candidate cognitive marker for the disease. Although hundreds of risk genes have been identified in ASD, it remains unclear whether mutations in a specific gene may cause ASD-like atypical face processing. Dogs have acquired exquisite face processing abilities during domestication and may serve as an effective animal model for studying genetic associations of ASD-like atypical face processing. Here, we showed that dogs with Shank3 mutations exhibited behavioral and attentional avoidance of faces, contrasting with wild-type controls. Moreover, neural responses specific to faces (versus objects) recorded from the electrodes over the temporal cortex were significantly decreased and delayed in Shank3 mutants compared to wild-type controls. Cortical responses in the frontal/parietal region underlying categorization of faces by species/breeds were reduced in Shank3 mutants. Our findings of atypical face processing in dogs with Shank3 mutations provide a useful animal model for studying ASD mechanisms and treatments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siqi Yuan and Chenyu Pang and Liang Wu and Li Yi and Kun Guo and Yong-hui Jiang and Yong Q. Zhang and Shihui Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3793}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu3793}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autism-like atypical face processing in shank3 mutant dogs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Autocatalytic assembly of a chimeric aminoacyl-RNA synthetase ribozyme. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu3693. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Autocatalytic reactions driving the self-assembly of biological polymers are important for the origin of life, yet few experimental examples of such reactions exist. Here we report an autocatalytic assembly pathway that generates a chimeric, amino acid–bridged aminoacyl-RNA synthetase ribozyme. The noncovalent complex of ribozyme fragments initiates low-level aminoacylation of one of the fragments, which, after loop-closing ligation, generates a highly active covalently linked chimeric ribozyme. The generation of this ribozyme is increasingly efficient over time due to the autocatalytic assembly cycle that sustains the ribozyme over indefinite cycles of serial dilution. Because of its trans activity, this ribozyme also assembles ribozymes distinct from itself, such as the hammerhead, suggesting that RNA aminoacylation, coupled with nonenzymatic ligation, could have facilitated the emergence and propagation of ribozymes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aleksandar Radakovic and Marco Todisco and Anmol Mishra and Jack W. Szostak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3693}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu3693}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Autocatalytic assembly of a chimeric aminoacyl-RNA synthetase ribozyme}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Viscosity-dependent hydrothermal synthesis of multinary titanate perovskites. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu2476. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An innovative viscosity-dependent hydrothermal strategy is developed for the controlled synthesis of multinary titanate perovskites, specifically Na 0.5 Y 0.39 Yb 0.1 Er 0.01 TiO 3 . By manipulating the viscosity of the reaction solution using various stable additives in both type and quantity, we identify a critical viscosity threshold of ~100 centipoise, which is essential for producing uniform faceted particles. With sodium hydroxide as an additive, a clear morphological evolution occurs as hydroxide concentration increases, shifting from regular cubes to edge-truncated, half-corner-truncated, and fully corner-truncated cube particles. Furthermore, the inclusion of additional sodium chloride and acetate substantially increases the viscosity, facilitating the formation of uniform faceted particles with reduced sizes ranging from ~2.0 micrometers to 200 nanometers. This method is successfully applied to synthesize other uniform perovskites, including Na 0.5 Y 0.395 Yb 0.1 Tm 0.005 TiO 3 , Na 0.5 Y 0.4 Eu 0.1 TiO 3 , Na 0.5 Y 0.39 Yb 0.1 Ho 0.01 TiO 3 , and Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 . Our findings provide valuable insights into viscosity-controlled synthesis for creating multinary perovskites and enhance their potential for designing optical functional materials and advancing various applications in optical temperature sensing, anti-counterfeiting security, and fingerprint recognition.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hong-Bo Cui and Guijian Guan and Ming-Yong Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2476}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu2476}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Viscosity-dependent hydrothermal synthesis of multinary titanate perovskites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Contorted acene ribbons for stable and ultrasensitive neural probes. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu2356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organic materials that conduct both electrons and ions are integral to implantable bioelectronics because of their conformable nature. There is a dearth of these materials that are highly sensitive to cations, which are the majority ions on the surface of neurons. This manuscript offers a solution using an extended ribbon structure that is defect-free, providing high electronic mobility along its fused backbone, while the edge structure of these ribbons promotes high ionic conductivity. We incorporated these mixed ion/electron conductors into neural probes and implanted them in a rodent brain where they offer a suite of useful properties: high cation sensitivity, stability over several weeks after implantation, and biocompatibility. These materials represent an innovative class of implantable biosensors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shayan Louie and Qifeng Jiang and Duncan J. Wisniewski and Si Tong Bao and Honghu Zhang and Kaushik Chivukula and Qiyi Fang and Ashutosh Garudapalli and Scott R. Docherty and Fay Ng and Michael Steigerwald and Yu Zhong and Dion Khodagholy and Colin Nuckolls}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu2356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Contorted acene ribbons for stable and ultrasensitive neural probes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast momentum-resolved visualization of the interplay between phonon-mediated scattering and plasmons in graphite. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu1001. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Scattering between charges and collective modes in materials governs phenomena such as electrical resistance, energy dissipation, and phase switching. Studying such scattering requires simultaneous access to ultrafast and momentum-resolved dynamics of single-particle and collective excitations, which remains an experimental challenge. Here, we present time- and momentum-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy, and we apply it to graphite, demonstrating that large (Δ q ≃1.2 Å −1 ) photoexcited electron-hole pockets induce a renormalization of in-plane and bulk plasmons. This effect is explained by intra- and intervalley scattering processes mediated by E 2g and A ′ 1 phonon modes, which we directly observe via ultrafast electron diffraction and identify via ab initio calculations. Conversely, smaller electron-hole pockets (Δ q ≃0.7 Å −1 ) result in the renormalization of in-plane plasmons, which can only be partially explained by phonon-mediated scattering and thermal expansion. Our results highlight the importance of combining momentum- and time-resolved information to elucidate electronic scattering processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesco Barantani and Rémi Claude and Fadil Iyikanat and Ivan Madan and Alexey A. Sapozhnik and Michele Puppin and Bruce Weaver and Thomas LaGrange and F. Javier García de Abajo and Fabrizio Carbone}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1001}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu1001}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast momentum-resolved visualization of the interplay between phonon-mediated scattering and plasmons in graphite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mg2+ influx mediated by TRPM7 triggers the initiation of muscle stem cell activation. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu0601. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) respond immediately to environmental cues upon skeletal muscle injuries. Despite decades of research into muscle regeneration, the specific molecular factors that trigger the transition of MuSCs from a quiescent to an active state remain largely unidentified. Here, we identify transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7), an Mg 2+ -permeable ion channel, as a critical regulator of MuSC activation. Trpm7 deletion in MuSCs reduced Mg 2+ influx, impairing myofiber regeneration and leading to decreased MuSC numbers and cell cycle arrest during regeneration. These changes were linked to disrupted mTOR signaling, which drives the transition of MuSCs from G 0 to G Alert phase. In addition, Trpm7 -deficient MuSCs exhibited impaired early responses, including quiescent projection retraction and AP-1 induction. Mg 2+ supplementation rescued these defects, restoring normal MuSC activation. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism where Mg 2+ permeation through TRPM7 is essential for MuSC activation and efficient skeletal muscle regeneration, highlighting TRPM7 as a critical regulator of muscle repair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kotaro Hirano and Chika Nakabayashi and Mao Sasaki and Miki Suzuki and Yuta Aoyagi and Kaori Tanaka and Akira Murakami and Masaki Tsuchiya and Eiji Umemoto and Shuji Takabayashi and Yasuo Kitajima and Yusuke Ono and Takehisa Matsukawa and Masayuki Matsushita and Yasuyuki Ohkawa and Yasuo Mori and Yuji Hara}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0601}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu0601}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mg2+ influx mediated by TRPM7 triggers the initiation of muscle stem cell activation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural basis for hygromycin b inhibition of yeast pseudouridine-deficient ribosomes. SCIADV, 11(14), eadu0151. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Eukaryotic ribosomes are enriched with pseudouridine, particularly at the functional centers targeted by antibiotics. Here, we investigated the roles of pseudouridine in aminoglycoside-mediated translation inhibition by comparing the structural and functional properties of the yeast wild-type and the pseudouridine-free ribosomes. We showed that the pseudouridine-free ribosomes have decreased thermostability and high sensitivity to aminoglycosides. When presented with a model internal ribosomal entry site RNA, elongation factor eEF2, GTP (guanosine triphosphate), and sordarin, hygromycin B preferentially binds to the pseudouridine-free ribosomes during initiation by blocking eEF2 binding, stalling ribosomes in a nonrotated conformation. The structures captured hygromycin B bound at the intersubunit bridge B2a enriched with pseudouridine and a deformed codon-anticodon duplex, revealing a functional link between pseudouridine and aminoglycoside inhibition. Our results suggest that pseudouridine enhances both thermostability and conformational fitness of the ribosomes, thereby influencing their susceptibility to aminoglycosides.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Zhao and Chong Xu and Xin Chen and Hong Jin and Hong Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0151}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadu0151}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural basis for hygromycin b inhibition of yeast pseudouridine-deficient ribosomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Understanding DNA-encoded carbon nanotube sorting and sensing via sub-nm-resolution structural determination. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt9844. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA has demonstrated the abilities to differentiate single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with various chiralities and manipulate their analyte sensing properties. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying these remarkable abilities remain unclear due to the lack of high-resolution determination of DNA structures on SWCNTs. Here, we combine atomic force microscopy and single-particle cryo–electron microscopy to determine DNA structures on five different types of single-chirality SWCNTs, achieving unprecedented subnanometer resolution. This resolution enables the direct observation of left-handed helical DNA structures with pitches ranging from 1.59 to 2.20 nm, depending on the DNA sequence and nanotube chirality. These findings provide structural insights into the mechanisms by which DNA differentiates the chirality of SWCNTs, and governs the sensitivity, dynamic response range, and analyte differentiability of SWCNT sensors. We propose a non–Watson-Crick hydrogen-bonding network model, which not only accounts for the observed ordered DNA structures but also facilitates the design of DNA sequences for targeted SWCNT purification and desired SWCNT sensor performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yinong Li and Yawei Wen and Leticia C. Beltrán and Li Zhu and Shishan Tian and Jialong Liu and Xuan Zhou and Piaoyi Chen and Edward H. Egelman and Ming Zheng and Zhiwei Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9844}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt9844}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Understanding DNA-encoded carbon nanotube sorting and sensing via sub-nm-resolution structural determination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topological elastic liquid diode. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt9526. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {On-demand liquid transportation is fundamentally important and holds great potential in various fields, such as water collection and biological engineering. However, it remains highly challenging to in situ manipulate the direction of liquid flow on a lyophilic surface. Here, a topological elastic liquid diode (TELD) that could manipulate the flow direction is developed by combining the Araucaria leaf inspired ratchet array and the elasticity of silicon rubber. The flow pathway on the lyophilic TELD can be conveniently managed by regulating the competition forces along orthogonal directions at the liquid front, which is instantly realized by adjusting the mechanical strain in TELD (mode 1 regulation) or inserting extra forces at the liquid front (mode 2 regulation). Furthermore, TELD can serve as a logic gate, stress valve, microfluidic reactor, and fog collector. Thus, the work here establishes strategies for in situ and instant manipulation of liquid flow on a lyophilic surface.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yurong Zhang and Lijun Li and Gang Li and Zhen Lin and Ruteng Wang and Daobing Chen and Yifeng Lei and Di Tan and Zuankai Wang and Yan Zhao and Longjian Xue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9526}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt9526}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topological elastic liquid diode}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural dynamics-guided engineering of a riboswitch RNA for evolving c-di-AMP synthases. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt8165. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (C-di-AMP) synthases are key enzymes for synthesizing c-di-AMP, a potent activator of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) immune pathway. However, characterizing these enzymes has been hampered by the lack of effective sensors. While c-di-AMP riboswitches, as natural aptamers, hold the potential as RNA biosensors, their poorly comprehended structural dynamics and inherent "OFF" genetic output pose substantial challenges. To address these limitations, we synthesized over 10 fluorophore-labeled samples to probe the conformational changes of the riboswitch at the single-molecule level. By integrating these dynamic findings with steady-state fluorescence titration, mutagenesis, in vivo assays, and strand displacement strategy, we transformed the natural aptamer into a c-di-AMP biosensor. This engineered biosensor reversed its genetic output from "OFF" to "ON" upon c-di-AMP binding, exhibiting a 50-fold improvement in the c-di-AMP detection limit. Leveraging this refined biosensor, we developed a robust strategy for high-throughput in vivo evolution of c-di-AMP synthases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dian Chen and Jun Li and You Wu and Liang Hong and Yu Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8165}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt8165}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural dynamics-guided engineering of a riboswitch RNA for evolving c-di-AMP synthases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Alpha-synuclein seed amplification assays: Data sharing, standardization needed for clinical use. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt7195. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alpha-synuclein seed amplification assays can improve neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and care, but widespread use depends on a framework that standardizes protocols and encourages data sharing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hilal A. Lashuel and D. James Surmeier and Tanya Simuni and Kalpana Merchant and Byron Caughey and Claudio Soto and Mohamed-Bilal Fares and Roland G. Heym and Ronald Melki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7195}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt7195}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Alpha-synuclein seed amplification assays: Data sharing, standardization needed for clinical use}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diagnosing parkinson’s disease via behavioral biometrics of keystroke dynamics. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt6631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the rapidly growing neurodegenerative diseases, affecting more than 10 million people worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis of PD is highly desirable for therapeutic interventions but remains a substantial challenge. We developed a soft, portable intelligent keyboard leveraging magnetoelasticity to detect subtle pressure variations in keystroke dynamics by converting continuous keystrokes into high-fidelity electrical signals, thus enabling the quantitative analysis of PD motor symptoms using machine learning. Relying on a fundamental working mechanism, the intelligent keyboard demonstrates highly sensitive, intrinsically waterproof, and biocompatible properties, with the successful demonstration in a pilot study on patients with PD. To facilitate the potential continuous monitoring of PD, a customized cellphone application was developed to integrate the intelligent keyboard into a wireless platform. Together, the intelligent keyboard system’s compelling properties position it as a promising tool for advancing early diagnosis and facilitating personalized, predictive, preventative, and participatory approaches to PD healthcare.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Trinny Tat and Guorui Chen and Jing Xu and Xun Zhao and Yunsheng Fang and Jun Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt6631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diagnosing parkinson’s disease via behavioral biometrics of keystroke dynamics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genomic insights into evolution of parthenogenesis and triploidy in the flowerpot snake. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt6477. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The flowerpot snake ( Indotyphlops braminus ) is the only known parthenogenetic and triploid species within Serpentes. However, the genetic basis underlying this phenomenon remains unresolved. We investigated the genomic complexities of this rare all-female triploid reptile. On the basis of the newly assembled genome, we revealed 40 chromosomes grouped into three subgenomes (A, B, and C). Comparative genomic analysis with related diploid species revealed a chromosome fusion event in ancestral genomes. This event shaped the unique genetic landscape of the flowerpot snake. We examined gene expression specificity in ovarian tissues and identified pathways essential for DNA replication and repair. Our findings suggest a potential mechanism of homologous chromosome pairing during meiosis in allopolyploid parthenogenesis. This research provides insights into the evolutionary adaptations and genetic mechanisms underlying parthenogenesis in reptilian species, challenging traditional views on reproductive strategies and genomic evolution in asexual organisms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunyun Lv and Wei Wu and Jin-Long Ren and Matthew K. Fujita and Menghuan Song and Zeng Wang and Ke Jiang and Dechun Jiang and Chaochao Yan and Changjun Peng and Zhongliang Peng and Jia-Tang Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6477}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt6477}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genomic insights into evolution of parthenogenesis and triploidy in the flowerpot snake}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sustainable regeneration of 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in a reconstituted system toward self-synthesizing artificial systems. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt6269. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In vitro construction of self-reproducible artificial systems is a major challenge in bottom-up synthetic biology. Here, we developed a reconstituted system capable of sustainably regenerating all 20 aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases (AARS), which are major components of the translation system. To achieve this, we needed five types of improvements: (i) optimization of AARS sequences for efficient translation, (ii) optimization of the composition of the translation system to enhance translation, (iii) employment of another bacterial AlaRS and SerRS to improve each aminoacylation activity, (iv) diminishing the translational inhibition caused by certain AARS sequences by codon optimization and EF-P addition, and (v) balancing the DNA concentrations of 20 AARS to match each requirement. After these improvements, we succeeded in the sustainable regeneration of all 20 AARS for up to 20 cycles of 2.5-fold serial dilutions. These methodologies and results provide a substantial advancement toward the realization of self-reproducible artificial systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katsumi Hagino and Keiko Masuda and Yoshihiro Shimizu and Norikazu Ichihashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6269}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt6269}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sustainable regeneration of 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in a reconstituted system toward self-synthesizing artificial systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neural stimulation suppresses mTORC1-mediated protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt4955. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Skeletal muscle fibers are classified as glycolytic or oxidative, with differing susceptibilities to muscle wasting. However, the intracellular signaling pathways regulating fiber-specific muscle trophism remain unclear because of a lack of experimental models measuring protein synthesis. We developed a mouse model overexpressing a mutated transfer RNA synthetase in muscle fibers, enabling specific protein labeling using an artificial methionine substitute, which can be revealed through click chemistry. This model revealed that denervation increases protein labeling in oxidative muscle fibers through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, while deleting the mTORC1 scaffold protein Raptor reduces labeling in glycolytic fibers. On the other hand, increased muscle activity acutely decreases protein synthesis, accompanied by reduced mTORC1 signaling, glycogen depletion, and adenosine 5′-monophosphate kinase activation. Our findings identify nerve activity as an inhibitory signal for mTORC1-dependent protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, enhancing the understanding of fiber-specific responses to exercise and pathological conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ana G. Dumitras and Giorgia Piccoli and Frederik Tellkamp and Lena Keufgens and Martina Baraldo and Sabrina Zorzato and Laura Cussonneau and Leonardo Nogara and Marcus Krüger and Bert Blaauw}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4955}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt4955}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neural stimulation suppresses mTORC1-mediated protein synthesis in skeletal muscle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Galvanostatic cycling of a micron-sized solid-state battery: Visually linking void evolution to electrochemistry. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt4666. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The formation of interface voids, peculiar to the solid-solid contact between metal anodes and solid electrolytes (SEs), has become a fundamental obstacle for developing practical lithium metal solid-state batteries (SSBs). Addressing this issue requires the operando observation of void evolution with high spatio-temporal resolution and the direct linkage of voids to solid-state electrochemistry. Here, we present such an attempt by visualizing both the stripping and plating interfaces of a micron-sized SSB cycled in galvanostatic mode in a transmission electron microscope. Various voltage responses in the charge/discharge curves are well correlated to the nucleation, growth, and refilling of single voids. Notably, two distinct modes of Li stripping, namely, void-growth stripping and void-free stripping, are experimentally identified. We unveil the roles of stack pressure and current density on void evolutions, which suggests a mechanism of void suppression without involving plastic deformation of Li metal. Furthermore, Li|SE|Li symmetric SSBs enabling repeated void-free cycling without stack pressure are in situ demonstrated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haowen Gao and Chen Lin and Yuanpeng Liu and Jiashun Shi and Bowen Zhang and Zhefei Sun and Zhao Li and Yu Wang and Menghao Yang and Yong Cheng and Ming-Sheng Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4666}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt4666}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Galvanostatic cycling of a micron-sized solid-state battery: Visually linking void evolution to electrochemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of the magnonic dicke superradiant phase transition. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt1691. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-level atoms ultrastrongly coupled with single-mode cavity photons are predicted to exhibit a quantum phase transition, entering a phase in which both the atomic polarization and the photonic field are finite even without external driving. However, this phenomenon, the superradiant phase transition (SRPT), is forbidden by a no-go theorem due to the existence of the diamagnetic term. Here, we present spectroscopic evidence for a magnonic SRPT in ErFeO 3 , where the role of the photonic mode (two-level atoms) in the photonic SRPT is played by an Fe 3+ magnon mode (Er 3+ spins). The absence of the diamagnetic term in the Fe 3+ -Er 3+ exchange coupling ensures that the no-go theorem does not apply. Ultrabroadband terahertz and gigahertz magnetospectroscopy experiments revealed the signatures of the SRPT in thermal equilibrium, a kink and a softening, respectively, of two spin-magnon hybridized modes at the critical point. Systems near this phase are expected to harbor large-scale squeezing, which will potentially provide a route to next-generation quantum technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dasom Kim and Sohail Dasgupta and Xiaoxuan Ma and Joong-Mok Park and Hao-Tian Wei and Xinwei Li and Liang Luo and Jacques Doumani and Wanting Yang and Di Cheng and Richard H. J. Kim and Henry O. Everitt and Shojiro Kimura and Hiroyuki Nojiri and Jigang Wang and Shixun Cao and Motoaki Bamba and Kaden R. A. Hazzard and Junichiro Kono}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1691}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt1691}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of the magnonic dicke superradiant phase transition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The inflammatory and genetic mechanisms underlying the cumulative effect of co-occurring pain conditions on depression. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt1083. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chronic pain conditions frequently coexist and share common genetic vulnerabilities. Despite evidence showing associations between pain and depression, the additive effect of co-occurring pain conditions on depression risk and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Leveraging data from 431,038 UK Biobank participants with 14-year follow-up, we found a significantly increased risk of depression incidence in individuals reporting pain, irrespective of body site or duration (acute or chronic), compared with pain-free individuals. The depression risk increased with the number of co-occurring pain sites. Mendelian randomization supported potential causal inference. We constructed a composite pain score by combining individual effects of acute or chronic pain conditions across eight body sites in a weighted manner. We found that depression risks increased monotonically in parallel with composite pain scores. Moreover, some inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, partially mediated the association between composite pain scores and depression risk. Considering the high prevalence of comorbid depression and pain, pain screening may help identify high-risk individuals for depression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rongtao Jiang and Paul Geha and Matthew Rosenblatt and Yunhe Wang and Zening Fu and Maya Foster and Wei Dai and Vince D. Calhoun and Jing Sui and Marisa N. Spann and Dustin Scheinost}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1083}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt1083}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The inflammatory and genetic mechanisms underlying the cumulative effect of co-occurring pain conditions on depression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chronic ethanol exposure produces sex-dependent impairments in value computations in the striatum. SCIADV, 11(14), eadt0200. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Value-based decision-making relies on the striatum, where neural plasticity can be altered by chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure, but the effects of such plasticity on striatal neural dynamics during decision-making remain unclear. This study investigated the long-term impacts of EtOH on reward-driven decision-making and striatal neurocomputations in male and female rats using a dynamic probabilistic reversal learning task. Following a prolonged withdrawal period, EtOH-exposed male rats exhibited deficits in adaptability and exploratory behavior, with aberrant outcome-driven value updating that heightened preference for chosen action. These behavioral changes were linked to altered neural activity in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), where EtOH increased outcome-related encoding and decreased choice-related encoding. In contrast, female rats showed minimal behavioral changes with distinct EtOH-evoked alterations of neural activity, revealing significant sex differences in the impact of chronic EtOH. Our findings underscore the impact of chronic EtOH exposure on adaptive decision-making, revealing enduring changes in neurocomputational processes in the striatum underlying cognitive deficits that differ by sex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifeng Cheng and Robin Magnard and Angela J. Langdon and Daeyeol Lee and Patricia H. Janak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0200}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadt0200}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chronic ethanol exposure produces sex-dependent impairments in value computations in the striatum}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PIP2 promotes the incorporation of CD43, PSGL-1, and CD44 into nascent HIV-1 particles. SCIADV, 11(14), eads9711. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Determinants regulating sorting of host transmembrane proteins at sites of enveloped virus assembly on the plasma membrane (PM) remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the PM acidic phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2 ) regulates this sorting into an enveloped virus, HIV-1. Incorporation of CD43, PSGL-1, and CD44 into HIV-1 particles has profound effects on viral spread; however, the mechanisms promoting their incorporation were unknown. We found that depletion of cellular PIP 2 blocks incorporation of CD43, PSGL-1, and CD44 into HIV-1 particles. Expansion microscopy revealed that PIP 2 depletion diminishes nanoscale coclustering between viral structural protein Gag and the three transmembrane proteins at the PM and that Gag induces PIP 2 enrichment at its vicinity. CD43, PSGL-1, and CD44 also increased local PIP 2 density, revealing their PIP 2 affinity. Together, these results support a previously unknown mechanism where local enrichment of an acidic phospholipid drives coclustering between viral structural and cellular transmembrane proteins, thereby modulating the content, and hence the fate, of progeny virus particles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ricardo de Souza Cardoso and Tomoyuki Murakami and Binyamin Jacobovitz and Sarah L. Veatch and Akira Ono}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9711}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads9711}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PIP2 promotes the incorporation of CD43, PSGL-1, and CD44 into nascent HIV-1 particles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantification of low-temperature gas emissions reveals CO2 flux underestimates at soufrière hills volcano, montserrat. SCIADV, 11(14), eads8864. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We performed helicopter-borne optical MultiGAS measurements of volcanic gas emissions from Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, revealing distinct spikes in SO 2 and HCl concentrations within a larger CO 2 -rich plume. Acid-rich concentration spikes matched the distribution of high-temperature fumaroles, whereas CO 2 is emitted broadly from high- and low-temperature fumaroles. The CO 2 flux was 15 to 41 kilograms per second from hot fumaroles and 61 to 131 kilograms per second for the overall plume. The typical CO 2 flux calculation of multiplying CO 2 /SO 2 ratio with SO 2 flux underestimates total CO 2 flux by at least threefold. We quantified substantial magmatic gas scrubbing by the hydrothermal system, with 56 to 79% of initial HCl and 33 to 68% of initial SO 2 lost. This study highlights the importance of precise acid-gas measurements for detecting heterogeneous degassing and suggests that traditional CO 2 flux measurements may substantially underestimate contributions from cold CO 2 degassing, leading to underestimated global volcanic fluxes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander Riddell and Mike Burton and Ben Esse and Brendan McCormick Kilbride and Antonio Chiarugi and Thomas Christopher and Francesco D’Amato and Graham A. Ryan and Adam Stinton and Silvia Viciani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8864}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads8864}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantification of low-temperature gas emissions reveals CO2 flux underestimates at soufrière hills volcano, montserrat}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Complex-valued matrix-vector multiplication using a scalable coherent photonic processor. SCIADV, 11(14), eads7475. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Matrix-vector multiplication is a fundamental operation in modern signal processing and artificial intelligence. Developing a chip-scale photonic matrix-vector multiplication processor (MVMP) offers the potential for notably enhanced computing speed and energy efficiency beyond microelectronics. Here, we propose and demonstrate a 16-channel programmable on-chip coherent photonic processor capable of performing complex-valued matrix-vector multiplication at a computing speed of 1.28 tera-operations per second (TOPS). Low phase error Mach-Zehnder interferometers mesh and ultralow-loss broadened photonic waveguide delay lines are firstly combined for optical computing, enabling the encoding of amplitude and phase information, along with high-speed coherent detection. The proposed MVMP demonstrates high flexibility in implementing various functions, including arbitrary matrix transformation, parallel image processing, and handwritten digital recognition. Our work demonstrates the MVMP’s advantages in scalability and function flexibility, enabled by the low-loss and low phase error designs, making a substantial advancement in high-speed and large-scale photonic computing technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiwei Xie and Xiyuan Ke and Shihan Hong and Yuxin Sun and Lijia Song and Huan Li and Pan Wang and Daoxin Dai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7475}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads7475}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Complex-valued matrix-vector multiplication using a scalable coherent photonic processor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cholinergic signaling to CA1 astrocytes controls fear extinction. SCIADV, 11(14), eads7191. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fear extinction is an evolutionarily conserved biological process that allows an organism to better re-adapt; its deficits can lead to psychiatric disorders. Fear extinction is considered to rely mostly on neuronal function. However, whether and how astrocytes contribute to fear extinction is largely unknown. Here, we show that hippocampal CA1 astrocytes exhibit de novo Ca 2+ dynamics during fear extinction. Inhibition of these astrocytic Ca 2+ dynamics impairs, while their activation facilitates, fear extinction. In this regulation of fear extinction, the posterior basal forebrain (pBF) cholinergic input to hippocampus drives CA1 astrocytic Ca 2+ dynamics through the activation of α4 and α7 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Clinically used acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil increases CA1 astrocytic Ca 2+ dynamics and facilitates fear extinction. Thus, our findings demonstrate a previously unrecognized and crucial pathway from pBF cholinergic neurons to CA1 astrocytes that governs natural fear extinction. This neuron-glia signaling pathway may constitute a promising target for treatment of fear- and anxiety-related disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yulan Li and Lixuan Li and Yibei Wang and Xinyi Li and Xiaopeng Ding and Lingjie Li and Fan Fei and Yanrong Zheng and Li Cheng and Shumin Duan and Vladimir Parpura and Yi Wang and Zhong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7191}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads7191}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cholinergic signaling to CA1 astrocytes controls fear extinction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Architecture and conformational dynamics of the BAM-SurA holo insertase complex. SCIADV, 11(14), eads6094. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The proper folding of outer membrane proteins in Gram-negative bacteria relies on their delivery to the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) complex. The mechanism by which survival protein A (SurA), the major periplasmic chaperone, facilitates this process is not well understood. We determine the structure of the holo insertase complex, where SurA binds BAM for substrate delivery. High-resolution cryo–electron microscopy structures of four different states and a three-dimensional variability analysis show that the holo insertase complex has a large motional spectrum. SurA bound to BAM can undergo a large swinging motion between two states. This motion is uncoupled from the conformational flexibility of the BamA barrel, which can open and close without affecting SurA binding. Notably, we observed conformational coupling of the SurA swing state and the carboxyl-terminal helix grip domain of BamC. Substrate delivery by SurA to BAM appears to follow a concerted motion that encodes a gated delivery pathway through the BAM accessory proteins to the membrane entry site.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philippe A. Lehner and Morris Degen and Roman P. Jakob and Seyed Majed Modaresi and Morgane Callon and Björn M. Burmann and Timm Maier and Sebastian Hiller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6094}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads6094}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Architecture and conformational dynamics of the BAM-SurA holo insertase complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microbial dipeptidyl peptidases of the S9B family as host-microbe isozymes. SCIADV, 11(14), eads5721. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (hDPP-4) has been a pharmacological target for metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes, since the early 2000s. As a ubiquitous enzyme found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, hDPP-4 plays crucial roles in host homeostasis and disease progression. While many studies have explored hDPP-4’s properties, research on gut microbially derived DPP-4 (mDPP-4) remains limited. This review discusses the significance of mDPP-4 and its health implications, analyzing crystal structures of mDPP-4 in comparison to human counterparts. We examine how hDPP-4 inhibitors could influence gut microbiome composition and mDPP-4 activity. Additionally, this review connects ongoing discussions regarding DPP-4 substrate specificity and potential access routes for mDPP-4, emphasizing the urgent need for further research on mDPP-4’s role in health and improve the precision of DPP-4 inhibitor therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mashael R. Aljumaah and Jeffery Roach and Yunan Hu and John Gunstad and M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5721}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads5721}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microbial dipeptidyl peptidases of the S9B family as host-microbe isozymes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-supervised machine learning framework for high-throughput electron microscopy. SCIADV, 11(14), eads5552. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a crucial analysis method in materials science and structural biology, as it offers a high spatiotemporal resolution for structural characterization and reveals structure-property relationships and structural dynamics at atomic and molecular levels. Despite technical advancements in EM, the nature of the electron beam makes the EM imaging inherently detrimental to materials even in low-dose applications. We introduce SHINE, the Self-supervised High-throughput Image denoising Neural network for Electron microscopy, accelerating minimally invasive low-dose EM of diverse material systems. SHINE uses only a single raw image dataset with intrinsic noise, which makes it suitable for limited-size datasets and eliminates the need for expensive ground-truth training datasets. We quantitatively demonstrate that SHINE overcomes the information limit in the current high-resolution TEM, in situ liquid phase TEM, time-series scanning TEM, and cryo-TEM, facilitating unambiguous high-throughput structure analysis across a broad spectrum of materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joodeok Kim and Jinho Rhee and Sungsu Kang and Mingyu Jung and Jihoon Kim and Miji Jeon and Junsun Park and Jimin Ham and Byung Hyo Kim and Won Chul Lee and Soung-Hun Roh and Jungwon Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5552}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads5552}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-supervised machine learning framework for high-throughput electron microscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Predicting atlantic and benguela niño events with deep learning. SCIADV, 11(14), eads5185. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atlantic and Benguela Niño events substantially affect the tropical Atlantic region, with far-reaching consequences on local marine ecosystems, African climates, and El Niño Southern Oscillation. While accurate forecasts of these events are invaluable, state-of-the-art dynamic forecasting systems have shown limited predictive capabilities. Thus, the extent to which the tropical Atlantic variability is predictable remains an open question. This study explores the potential of deep learning in this context. Using a simple convolutional neural network architecture, we show that Atlantic/Benguela Niños can be predicted up to 3 to 4 months ahead. Our model excels in forecasting peak-season events with remarkable accuracy extending lead time to 5 months. Detailed analysis reveals our model’s ability to exploit known physical precursors, such as long-wave ocean dynamics, for accurate predictions of these events. This study challenges the perception that the tropical Atlantic is unpredictable and highlights deep learning’s potential to advance our understanding and forecasting of critical climate events.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marie-Lou Bachèlery and Julien Brajard and Massimiliano Patacchiola and Serena Illig and Noel Keenlyside}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5185}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads5185}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Predicting atlantic and benguela niño events with deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A gain route to reversed cherenkov radiation. SCIADV, 11(14), eads5113. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In his landmark paper from 1968, Veselago showed that Cherenkov radiation can be reversed in materials with a negative index of refraction, inspiring substantial research into such materials in what became one of the cornerstone concepts of the field of metamaterials. Following and ongoing investigations of reversed Cherenkov radiation considered it impossible to occur from a homogeneous isotropic slab with a positive refractive index. Here, we break this long-held belief by finding the emergence of reversed Cherenkov radiation from a positive-index isotropic slab by exploiting optical gain. We find precise conditions under which the backward-propagating Cherenkov radiation is maintained while the forward-propagating one is suppressed. Counterintuitively, the intensity and the angular spread of reversed Cherenkov radiation can be made robust to the slab thickness. Under this scenario, increasing the optical gain could decrease the intensity and increase the radiation angular spread.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruoxi Chen and Zheng Gong and Zun Wang and Xiangfeng Xi and Bowen Zhang and Yi Yang and Baile Zhang and Ido Kaminer and Hongsheng Chen and Xiao Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5113}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads5113}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A gain route to reversed cherenkov radiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A predatory gene drive for targeted control of self-transmissible plasmids. SCIADV, 11(14), eads4735. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Suppressing plasmid transfer in microbial communities has profound implications due to the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in spreading and maintaining diverse functional traits such as metabolic functions, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. However, existing tools for inhibiting HGT are limited in their modes of delivery, efficacy, and scalability. Here, we present a versatile denial-of-spread (DoS) strategy to target and eliminate specific conjugative plasmids. Our strategy exploits retrotransfer, whereby an engineered DoS plasmid is introduced into host cells containing a target plasmid. Acting as a predatory gene drive, DoS propagates itself at the expense of the target plasmid, through competition or active elimination. Once the target plasmid is eradicated, DoS is removed via induced plasmid suicide, resulting in a community containing neither plasmid. The strategy is tunable and scalable for various conjugative plasmids, different mechanisms of plasmid inheritance interruption, and diverse environmental contexts. DoS represents a new tool for precise control of gene persistence in microbial communities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ryan Tsoi and Hye-In Son and Grayson S. Hamrick and Katherine Tang and Jonathan H. Bethke and Jia Lu and Rohan Maddamsetti and Lingchong You}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4735}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads4735}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A predatory gene drive for targeted control of self-transmissible plasmids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FairDiffusion: Enhancing equity in latent diffusion models via fair bayesian perturbation. SCIADV, 11(14), eads4593. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advancements in generative AI, particularly diffusion models, have proven valuable for text-to-image synthesis. In health care, these models offer immense potential in generating synthetic datasets and aiding medical training. Despite these strong performances, it remains uncertain whether the image generation quality is consistent across different demographic subgroups. To address this, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of fairness in medical text-to-image diffusion models. Evaluations of the Stable Diffusion model reveal substantial disparities across gender, race, and ethnicity. To reduce these biases, we propose FairDiffusion, an equity-aware latent diffusion model that improves both image quality and the semantic alignment of clinical features. In addition, we design and curate FairGenMed, a dataset tailored for fairness studies in medical generative models. FairDiffusion is further assessed on HAM10000 (dermatoscopic images) and CheXpert (chest x-rays), demonstrating its effectiveness in diverse medical imaging modalities. Together, FairDiffusion and FairGenMed advance research in fair generative learning, promoting equitable benefits of generative AI in health care.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan Luo and Muhammad Osama Khan and Congcong Wen and Muhammad Muneeb Afzal and Titus Fidelis Wuermeling and Min Shi and Yu Tian and Yi Fang and Mengyu Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4593}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads4593}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FairDiffusion: Enhancing equity in latent diffusion models via fair bayesian perturbation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An engineering-reinforced extracellular vesicle–integrated hydrogel with an ROS-responsive release pattern mitigates spinal cord injury. SCIADV, 11(14), eads3398. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The local delivery of mesenchymal stem cell–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) via hydrogel has emerged as an effective approach for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment. However, achieving on-demand release of EVs from hydrogel to address dynamically changing pathology remains challenging. Here, we used a series of engineering methods to further enhance EVs’ efficacy and optimize their release pattern from hydrogel. Specifically, the pro-angiogenic, neurotrophic, and anti-inflammatory effects of EVs were reinforced through three-dimensional culture and dexamethasone (Dxm) encapsulation. Then, the prepared Dxm-loaded 3EVs (3EVs-Dxm) were membrane modified with ortho-dihydroxy groups (-2OH) and formed an EV-integrated hydrogel (3EVs-Dxm-Gel) via the cross-link with phenylboronic acid–modified hyaluronic acid and tannic acid. The phenylboronic acid ester in 3EVs-Dxm-Gel enabled effective immobilization and reactive oxygen species–responsive release of EVs. Topical injection of 3EVs-Dxm-Gel in SCI rats notably mitigated injury severity and promoted functional recovery, which may offer opportunities for EV-based therapeutics in central nervous system injury.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jian Cao and Xunqi Zhang and Jing Guo and Jiahe Wu and Lingmin Lin and Xurong Lin and Jiafu Mu and Tianchen Huang and Manning Zhu and Lan Ma and Weihang Zhou and Xinchi Jiang and Xuhua Wang and Shiqing Feng and Zhen Gu and Jian-Qing Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3398}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads3398}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An engineering-reinforced extracellular vesicle–integrated hydrogel with an ROS-responsive release pattern mitigates spinal cord injury}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-time antiproton annihilation vertexing with submicrometer resolution. SCIADV, 11(14), eads1176. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Primary goal of the AEḡIS experiment is to precisely measure the free fall of antihydrogen within Earth’s gravitational field. To this end, cold (≈50 K) antihydrogen will traverse a two-grid moiré deflectometer before annihilating onto a position-sensitive detector, which shall determine the vertical position of the annihilation vertex relative to the grids with micrometric accuracy. Here, we introduce a vertexing detector based on a modified mobile camera sensor and experimentally demonstrate that it can measure the position of antiproton annihilations within 0.62 − 0.22 + 0.40 μm, a 35-fold improvement over the previous state of the art for real-time antiproton vertexing. These methods are directly applicable to antihydrogen. Moreover, the sensitivity to light of the sensor enables in situ calibration of the moiré deflectometer, substantially reducing systematic errors. This sensor emerges as a breakthrough technology toward the AEḡIS scientific goals and will constitute the basis for the development of a large-area detector for conducting antihydrogen gravity measurements.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael Berghold and Davide Orsucci and Francesco Guatieri and Sara Alfaro and Marcis Auzins and Benedikt Bergmann and Petr Burian and Roberto Sennen Brusa and Antoine Camper and Ruggero Caravita and Fabrizio Castelli and Giovanni Cerchiari and Roman Jerzy Ciuryło and Ahmad Chehaimi and Giovanni Consolati and Michael Doser and Kamil Eliaszuk and Riley Craig Ferguson and Matthias Germann and Anna Giszczak and Lisa Glöggler and Łukasz Graczykowski and Malgorzata Grosbart and Natali Gusakova and Fredrik Gustafsson and Stefan Haider and Saiva Huck and Christoph Hugenschmidt and Malgorzata Anna Janik and Tymoteusz Henryk Januszek and Grzegorz Kasprowicz and Kamila Kempny and Ghanshyambhai Khatri and Łukasz Kłosowski and Georgy Kornakov and Valts Krumins and Lidia Lappo and Adam Linek and Sebastiano Mariazzi and Pawel Moskal and Dorota Nowicka and Piyush Pandey and Daniel PĘcak and Luca Penasa and Vojtech Petracek and Mariusz Piwiński and Stanislav Pospisil and Luca Povolo and Francesco Prelz and Sadiqali Rangwala and Tassilo Rauschendorfer and Bharat Rawat and Benjamin Rienäcker and Volodymyr Rodin and Ole Røhne and Heidi Sandaker and Sushil Sharma and Petr Smolyanskiy and Tomasz Sowiński and Dariusz Tefelski and Theodoros Vafeiadis and Marco Volponi and Carsten Peter Welsch and Michal Zawada and Jakub Zielinski and Nicola Zurlo and AEḡIS Collaboration}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1176}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eads1176}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-time antiproton annihilation vertexing with submicrometer resolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Leveraging data mining, active learning, and domain adaptation for efficient discovery of advanced oxygen evolution electrocatalysts. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr9038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing advanced catalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production. This study presents a multistage machine learning (ML) approach to streamline the discovery and optimization of complex multimetallic catalysts. Our method integrates data mining, active learning, and domain adaptation throughout the materials discovery process. Unlike traditional trial-and-error methods, this approach systematically narrows the exploration space using domain knowledge with minimized reliance on subjective intuition. Then, the active learning module efficiently refines element composition and synthesis conditions through iterative experimental feedback. The process culminated in the discovery of a promising Ru-Mn-Ca-Pr oxide catalyst. Our workflow also enhances theoretical simulations with domain adaptation strategy, providing deeper mechanistic insights aligned with experimental findings. By leveraging diverse data sources and multiple ML strategies, we demonstrate an efficient pathway for electrocatalyst discovery and optimization. This comprehensive, data-driven approach represents a paradigm shift and potentially benchmark in electrocatalysts research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Ding and Jianguo Liu and Kang Hua and Xuebin Wang and Xiaoben Zhang and Minhua Shao and Yuxin Chen and Junhong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr9038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Leveraging data mining, active learning, and domain adaptation for efficient discovery of advanced oxygen evolution electrocatalysts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MIST: An interpretable and flexible deep learning framework for single–T cell transcriptome and receptor analysis. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr7134. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Joint analysis of transcriptomic and T cell receptor (TCR) features at single-cell resolution provides a powerful approach for in-depth T cell immune function research. Here, we introduce a deep learning framework for single–T cell transcriptome and receptor analysis, MIST (Multi-insight for T cell). MIST features three latent spaces: gene expression, TCR, and a joint latent space. Through analyses of antigen-specific T cells, and T cell datasets related to lung cancer immunotherapy and COVID19, we demonstrate MIST’s interpretability and flexibility. MIST easily and accurately resolves cell function and antigen specificity by vectorizing and integrating transcriptome and TCR data of T cells. In addition, using MIST, we identified the heterogeneity of CXCL13 + subsets in lung cancer infiltrating CD8 + T cells and their association with immunotherapy, providing additional insights into the functional transition of CXCL13 + T cells related to anti–PD-1 therapy that were not reported in the original study.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenpu Lai and Yangqiu Li and Oscar Junhong Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7134}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr7134}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MIST: An interpretable and flexible deep learning framework for single–T cell transcriptome and receptor analysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Retromer promotes the lysosomal turnover of mtDNA. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr6415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is exposed to multiple insults produced by normal cellular function. Upon mtDNA replication stress, the mitochondrial genome transfers to endosomes for degradation. Using proximity biotinylation, we found that mtDNA stress leads to the rewiring of the mitochondrial proximity proteome, increasing mitochondria’s association with lysosomal and vesicle-related proteins. Among these, the retromer complex, particularly VPS35, plays a pivotal role by extracting mitochondrial components. The retromer promotes the formation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles shuttled to lysosomes. The mtDNA, however, directly shuttles to a recycling organelle in a BAX-dependent manner. Moreover, using a Drosophila model carrying a long deletion on the mtDNA (ΔmtDNA), we found that ΔmtDNA activates a specific transcriptome profile to counteract mitochondrial damage. Here, Vps35 expression restores mtDNA homoplasmy and alleviates associated defects. Hence, we demonstrate the existence of a previously unknown quality control mechanism for the mitochondrial matrix and the essential role of lysosomes in mtDNA turnover to relieve mtDNA damage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Parisa Kakanj and Mari Bonse and Arya Kshirsagar and Aylin Gökmen and Felix Gaedke and Ayesha Sen and Belén Mollá and Elisabeth Vogelsang and Astrid Schauss and Andreas Wodarz and David Pla-Martín}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr6415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Retromer promotes the lysosomal turnover of mtDNA}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid sorting and auxiliary evaluation of malignant breast tumors by accurate imaging analysis of metastasis-related biomarker. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr5541. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Accurate differentiation of benign and malignant breast tumors is paramount for establishing schemes of breast cancer treatment and prognosis. Here we report a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe (YF-1) with the overexpressed cathepsin C (CTSC) in metastatic breast tumors as the detecting substrate. This probe allows accurate identification of malignant tumor tissue specimens among tumor tissue specimens with unknown properties in a blind study. Importantly, a series of visible to NIR CTSC-activated fluorescence probes based on the same strategy realize effective identification of malignant tumor tissues, suggesting that CTSC could be the specific identification substrate of malignant breast tumors. Furthermore, a hydrophilic PEG moiety is coupled into YF-1, producing another CTSC-activated NIR probe (YF-2). YF-2 has excellent tumor-targeting capability, enabling the visualization of lung-metastatic breast tumors. The excellent detection accuracy and construction versatility of CTSC probes pave the way for preoperative diagnosis of malignant breast tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shan Zuo and Yanhua Li and Yushi Chen and Gangwei Jiang and Zhixuan Zhou and Tian-Bing Ren and Lanlan Chen and Sulai Liu and Shulin Huang and Xiao-Bing Zhang and Lin Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5541}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr5541}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid sorting and auxiliary evaluation of malignant breast tumors by accurate imaging analysis of metastasis-related biomarker}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hot schrödinger cat states. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr4492. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The observation of quantum phenomena often necessitates sufficiently pure states, a requirement that can be challenging to achieve. In this study, our goal is to prepare a nonclassical state originating from a mixed state, using dynamics that preserve the initial low purity of the state. We generate a quantum superposition of displaced thermal states within a microwave cavity using only unitary interactions with a transmon qubit. We measure the Wigner functions of these “hot” Schrödinger cat states for an initial purity as low as 0.06. This corresponds to a cavity mode temperature of up to 1.8 kelvin, 60 times hotter than the cavity’s physical environment. Our realization of highly mixed quantum superposition states could be implemented with other continuous-variable systems, e.g., nanomechanical oscillators, for which ground-state cooling remains challenging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ian Yang and Thomas Agrenius and Vasilisa Usova and Oriol Romero-Isart and Gerhard Kirchmair}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4492}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr4492}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hot schrödinger cat states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Simultaneous acclimation to nitrogen and iron scarcity in open ocean cyanobacteria revealed by sparse tensor decomposition of metatranscriptomes. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr4310. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbes respond to changes in their environment by adapting their physiology through coordinated adjustments to the expression levels of functionally related genes. To detect these shifts in situ, we developed a sparse tensor decomposition method that derives gene co-expression patterns from inherently complex whole community RNA sequencing data. Application of the method to metatranscriptomes of the abundant marine cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus identified responses to scarcity of two essential nutrients, nitrogen and iron, including increased transporter expression, restructured photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, and mitigation of oxidative stress. Further, expression profiles of the identified gene clusters suggest that both cyanobacteria populations experience simultaneous nitrogen and iron stresses in a transition zone between North Pacific oceanic gyres. The results demonstrate the power of our approach to infer organism responses to environmental pressures, hypothesize functions of uncharacterized genes, and extrapolate ramifications for biogeochemical cycles in a changing ecosystem.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephen Blaskowski and Marie Roald and Paul M. Berube and Rogier Braakman and E. Virginia Armbrust}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4310}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr4310}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Simultaneous acclimation to nitrogen and iron scarcity in open ocean cyanobacteria revealed by sparse tensor decomposition of metatranscriptomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tree-ring stable isotopes from the european alps reveal long-term summer drying over the holocene. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr4161. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Here, we use 7437 stable oxygen (δ 18 O) isotope ratios extracted from 192 living and relict Alpine trees to reconstruct trends and extremes in European summer hydroclimate from 8980 before the present to 2014 Common Era. Our continuous tree-ring δ 18 O record reveals a significant long-term drying trend over much of the Holocene ( P < 0.001), which is in line with orbital forcing and independent evidence from proxy reconstructions and model simulations. Wetter conditions in the early-to-mid Holocene coincide with the African Humid Period, whereas the most severe summer droughts of the past 9000 years are found during the Little Ice Age in the 18th and 19th centuries Common Era. We suggest that much of Europe was not only warmer but also wetter during most of the preindustrial Holocene, which implies a close relationship between insolation changes and long-term hydroclimate trends that likely affected natural and societal systems across a wide range of spatiotemporal scales.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tito Arosio and Markus Leuenberger and Kurt Nicolussi and Jan Esper and Paul J. Krusic and Tatiana Bebchuk and Willy Tegel and Albert Hafner and Alexander Kirdyanov and Christian Schlüchter and Frederick Reinig and Francesco Muschitiello and Ulf Büntgen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4161}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr4161}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tree-ring stable isotopes from the european alps reveal long-term summer drying over the holocene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neural heterogeneity enhances reliable neural information processing: Local sensitivity and globally input-slaved transient dynamics. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr3903. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cortical neuronal activity varies over time and across repeated trials, yet consistently represents stimulus features. The dynamical mechanism underlying this reliable representation and computation remains elusive. This study uncovers a mechanism for reliable neural information processing, leveraging a biologically plausible network model incorporating neural heterogeneity. First, we investigate neuronal timescale diversity, revealing that it disrupts intrinsic coherent spatiotemporal patterns, induces firing rate heterogeneity, enhances local responsive sensitivity, and aligns network activity closely with input. The system exhibits globally input-slaved transient dynamics, essential for reliable neural information processing. Other neural heterogeneities, such as nonuniform input connections, spike threshold heterogeneity, and network in-degree heterogeneity, play similar roles, highlighting the importance of neural heterogeneity in shaping consistent stimulus representation. This mechanism offers a potentially general framework for understanding neural heterogeneity in reliable computation and informs the design of reservoir computing models endowed with liquid wave reservoirs for neuromorphic computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shengdun Wu and Haiping Huang and Shengjun Wang and Guozhang Chen and Changsong Zhou and Dongping Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3903}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr3903}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neural heterogeneity enhances reliable neural information processing: Local sensitivity and globally input-slaved transient dynamics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Delivery of intraflagellar transport proteins to the ciliary base and assembly into trains. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr1716. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) trains, composed of IFT-B, IFT-A, and BBSome subcomplexes, are responsible for transporting ciliary proteins into the cilium. How IFT subcomplexes reach the ciliary base and assemble into IFT trains is poorly understood. Here, we perform quantitative single-molecule imaging in Caenorhabditis elegans chemosensory cilia to uncover how IFT subcomplexes arrive at the base, organize in IFT trains, and enter the cilium. We find that BBSomes reach the base via diffusion where they either associate with assembling IFT trains or with the membrane surrounding the base. In contrast, IFT-B and IFT-A reach the base via directed transport most likely on vesicles that stop at distinct locations near the base. Individual subcomplexes detach from the vesicles into a diffusive pool and associate to assembling trains. Our results show that IFT-B is first incorporated into IFT trains, followed by IFT-A, and finally BBSomes, indicating that the assembly of IFT trains is a highly regulated, step-wise process.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aniruddha Mitra and Evangelos Gioukakis and Wouter Mul and Erwin J. G. Peterman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1716}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr1716}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Delivery of intraflagellar transport proteins to the ciliary base and assembly into trains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global inland-water oxygen cycle has changed in the anthropocene. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr1695. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inland waters are an important resource, a highly diverse habitat, and a key component of global biogeochemical cycles. Oxygen plays a major role in inland-water ecosystem functioning, but long-term changes in its cycling remain unknown. Here, we quantify global inland-water oxygen production, consumption, and exchange with the atmosphere during 1900–2010 using a spatially explicit, mass-balanced, mechanistic model that takes into account changes in climate, hydrology, human activities, and the coupled biogeochemical (oxygen-nutrient-organic matter) dynamics. The model results show that global inland-water oxygen turnover increased during 1900–2010: production from 0.16 to 0.94 Pg year −1 and consumption from 0.44 to 1.47 Pg year −1 . Inland waters overall remained heterotrophic and a sink of atmospheric oxygen. Direct human perturbations (changes in hydrology and nutrient supply) were more important in increasing oxygen turnover than indirect effects via warming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junjie Wang and Xiaochen Liu and Alexander F. Bouwman and Lauriane Vilmin and Arthur H.W. Beusen and José M. Mogollón and Wim J. van Hoek and Jack J. Middelburg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1695}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr1695}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global inland-water oxygen cycle has changed in the anthropocene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coassembly of hybrid microscale biomatter for robust, water-processable, and sustainable bioplastics. SCIADV, 11(14), eadr1596. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unlike conventional methods that typically involve extracting biopolymers/monomers from biomass using lots of hazardous chemicals and high energy, the direct utilization of biological matter (biomatter) without extraction offers a more sustainable alternative for bioplastic production. However, it often suffers from insufficient mechanical performances or limited processabilities. Herein, we proposed a hybrid microscale biomatter coassembly strategy that leverages the interactions between the inherent microarchitectures of waste cotton fiber and pollen particles. With minimal preprocessing, they form a castable slurry that can spontaneously organize into a dense fiber-laminate bioplastic network, exhibiting high mechanical properties (52.22 megapascals and 2.24 gigapascals) without using toxic organic chemicals or heavy machinery. The resulting bioplastic features controlled hydration-induced microstructural disassembly/reassembly, enabling water-based processability into complex, dynamic architectural systems. In addition, it demonstrates good biodegradability, closed-loop recyclability, and satisfactory environmental benefits, outperforming most common plastics. This study provides an instant nature-derived paradigm for bioplastics’ sustainable production, processing, and recycling, offering a promising solution for facilitating eco-friendly advanced applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yijin Qiu and Dachuan Zhang and Min Long and Zhixuan Zhou and Changdan Gao and Shuai Ma and Jinfa Qin and Kaijuan Chen and Chaoji Chen and Ze Zhao and Hongbing Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1596}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadr1596}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coassembly of hybrid microscale biomatter for robust, water-processable, and sustainable bioplastics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural architecture of TolQ-TolR inner membrane protein complex from opportunistic pathogen acinetobacter baumannii. SCIADV, 11(14), eadq9845. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gram-negative bacteria harness the proton motive force (PMF) within their inner membrane (IM) to uphold cell envelope integrity, an indispensable aspect for both division and survival. The IM TolQ-TolR complex is the essential part of the Tol-Pal system, serving as a conduit for PMF energy transfer to the outer membrane. Here we present cryo–electron microscopy reconstructions of Acinetobacter baumannii TolQ in apo and TolR-bound forms at atomic resolution. The apo TolQ configuration manifests as a symmetric pentameric pore, featuring a transmembrane funnel leading toward a cytoplasmic chamber. In contrast, the TolQ-TolR complex assumes a proton nonpermeable stance, characterized by the TolQ pentamer’s flexure to accommodate the TolR dimer, where two protomers undergo a translation-based relationship. Our structure-guided analysis and simulations support the rotor-stator mechanism of action, wherein the rotation of the TolQ pentamer harmonizes with the TolR protomers’ interplay. These findings broaden our mechanistic comprehension of molecular stator units empowering critical functions within the Gram-negative bacterial cell envelope.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elina Karimullina and Yirui Guo and Hanif M. Khan and Tabitha Emde and Bradley Quade and Rosa Di Leo and Zbyszek Otwinowski and D. Peter Tieleman and Dominika Borek and Alexei Savchenko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9845}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadq9845}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural architecture of TolQ-TolR inner membrane protein complex from opportunistic pathogen acinetobacter baumannii}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ligand spin immobilization in metal-organic frameworks enables high-performance chemispintronic detection of radical gas molecules. SCIADV, 11(14), eadq3554. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The precise quantification of gaseous radicals in exhaled breath, such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide, serves as an invaluable noninvasive clinical diagnosis particularly in discerning various respiratory disorders. To date, the development of high-performance nitric oxide sensors compatible to modern electronic devices remains fundamentally challenging. We report that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with ligand spin immobilization demonstrate superior chemispintronic sensitivity and selectivity toward nitric oxide. Tetrathiafulvalene radical cations (TTF· + ) within the MOF lattice considerably enhance the nitric oxide recognition via spin exchange interactions, leading to a five–order of magnitude reduction in the limit of detection (LOD), as compared to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) via carrier-doping mechanism. Record-low LOD of 0.12 parts per billion was achieved in M-TTF-spin (M = cobalt, zinc, and cadmium) MOFs, which also demonstrates exceptional selectivity over typical nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and VOCs. This work opens up a distinct sensing platform for radical-like analytes through strategic design of spin-immobilized molecular functional motifs toward the spintronic device configurations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cheng Liu and Xiao-Cheng Zhou and Guoao Li and Jian Su and Lingyu Tang and Qinglong Liu and Xiao Han and Sen Lv and Zhangyan Mu and Yamei Sun and Shuai Yuan and Fei Gao and Jing-Lin Zuo and Shuhua Li and Mengning Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3554}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadq3554}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ligand spin immobilization in metal-organic frameworks enables high-performance chemispintronic detection of radical gas molecules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atf3 controls transitioning in female mitochondrial cardiomyopathy as identified by spatial and single-cell transcriptomics. SCIADV, 11(14), eadq1575. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxidative phosphorylation defects result in now intractable mitochondrial diseases (MD) with cardiac involvement markedly affecting prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the transition from compensation to dysfunction in response to metabolic deficiency remain unclear. Here, we used spatially resolved transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on the heart of a patient with mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM), combined with an MCM mouse model with cardiac-specific Ndufs6 knockdown (FS6KD). Cardiomyocytes demonstrated the most heterogeneous expression landscape among cell types caused by metabolic perturbation, and pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed dynamic cellular states transitioning from compensation to severe compromise. This progression coincided with the transient up-regulation of a transcription factor, ATF3 . Genetic ablation of Atf3 in FS6KD corroborated its pivotal role, effectively delaying cardiomyopathy progression in a female-specific manner. Our findings highlight a fate-determining role of ATF3 in female MCM progression and that the latest transcriptomic analysis will help decipher the mechanisms underlying MD progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tasneem Qaqorh and Yusuke Takahashi and Kohei Sameshima and Kentaro Otani and Issei Yazawa and Yuya Nishida and Kohei Tonai and Yoshitaka Fujihara and Mizuki Honda and Shinya Oki and Yasuyuki Ohkawa and David R. Thorburn and Ann E. Frazier and Atsuhito Takeda and Yoshihiko Ikeda and Heima Sakaguchi and Takuya Watanabe and Norihide Fukushima and Yasumasa Tsukamoto and Naomasa Makita and Osamu Yamaguchi and Kei Murayama and Akira Ohtake and Yasushi Okazaki and Takanari Kimura and Hisakazu Kato and Hijiri Inoue and Ken Matsuoka and Seiji Takashima and Yasunori Shintani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1575}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadq1575}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atf3 controls transitioning in female mitochondrial cardiomyopathy as identified by spatial and single-cell transcriptomics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Curriculum is more influential than haptic feedback when learning object manipulation. SCIADV, 11(14), eadp8407. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dexterous manipulation remains an aspirational goal for autonomous robotic systems, particularly when learning to lift and rotate objects against gravity with intermittent finger contacts. We use model-free reinforcement learning to compare the effect of curriculum (i.e., combinations of lift and rotation tasks) and haptic information (i.e., no-tactile versus 3D-force) on learning with a simulated three-finger robotic hand. In addition, a novel curriculum-based learning rate scheduler accelerates convergence. We demonstrate that the choice of curriculum biases the progression of learning for dexterous manipulation across objects with different weights, sizes, and shapes—underscoring the robustness of our learning approach. Unexpectedly, learning is achieved even in the absence of haptic information. This challenges conventional thinking about task “complexity” and the necessity of haptic information for dexterous manipulation for this task. This work invites the analogy of curriculum learning as a malleable developmental process from a pluripotent state driven by the nature of the learning experience.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pegah Ojaghi and Romina Mir and Ali Marjaninejad and Andrew Erwin and Michael Wehner and Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8407}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadp8407}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Curriculum is more influential than haptic feedback when learning object manipulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconstructing historical climate fields with deep learning. SCIADV, 11(14), eadp0558. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Historical records of climate fields are often sparse because of missing measurements, especially before the introduction of large-scale satellite missions. Several statistical and model-based methods have been introduced to fill gaps and reconstruct historical records. Here, we use a recently introduced deep learning approach based on Fourier convolutions, trained on numerical climate model output, to reconstruct historical climate fields. Using this approach, we are able to realistically reconstruct large and irregular areas of missing data and to reproduce known historical events, such as strong El Niño or La Niña events, with very little given information. Our method outperforms the widely used statistical kriging method, as well as other recent machine learning approaches. The model generalizes to higher resolutions than the ones it was trained on and can be used on a variety of climate fields. Moreover, it allows inpainting of masks never seen before during the model training.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nils Bochow and Anna Poltronieri and Martin Rypdal and Niklas Boers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0558}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadp0558}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconstructing historical climate fields with deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robust semi-automatic vessel tracing in the human retinal image by an instance segmentation neural network. SCIADV, 11(14), eado8268. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vasculature morphology and hierarchy are essential for blood perfusion. Human retinal circulation is an intricate vascular system emerging and remerging at the optic nerve head (ONH). Tracing retinal vascular branching from ONH can allow detailed morphological quantification, and yet remains a challenging task. We presented a robust semi-automatic vessel tracing algorithm on human fundus images by an instance segmentation neural network (InSegNN). InSegNN separates and labels individual vascular trees and enables tracing each tree throughout its branching. We have three strategies to improve robustness and accuracy: pseudotemporal learning, spatial multisampling, and dynamic probability map. We achieved 83% specificity, 50% improvement in symmetric best dice (SBD) compared to literature, and outperformed baseline U-net, and achieved 91% precision with 71% sensitivity. We have demonstrated tracing individual vessel trees from fundus images, and simultaneously retain vessel hierarchy information. InSegNN paves a way for subsequent analysis of vascular morphology in relation to retinal diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siyi Chen and Linh Hoang and Amir H. Kashani and Ji Yi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado8268}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eado8268}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robust semi-automatic vessel tracing in the human retinal image by an instance segmentation neural network}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tuning catalyst-support interactions enable steering of electrochemical CO2 reduction pathways. SCIADV, 11(14), eado5000. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tuning of catalyst-support interactions potentially offers a powerful means to control activity. However, rational design of the catalyst support is challenged by a lack of clear property-activity relationships. Here, we uncover how the electronegativity of a support influences reaction pathways in electrochemical CO 2 reduction. This was achieved by creating a model system consisting of Cu nanoparticles hosted on a series of carbon supports, each with a different heteroatom dopant of varying electronegativity. Notably, we discovered that dopants with high electronegativity reduce the electron density on Cu and induce a selectivity shift toward multicarbon (C 2+ ) products. With this design principle, we built a composite Cu and F-doped carbon catalyst that achieves a C 2+ Faradaic efficiency of 82.5% at 400 mA cm −2 , with stable performance for 44 hours. Using simulated flue gas, the catalyst attains a C 2+ FE of 27.3%, which is a factor of 5.3 times higher than a reference Cu catalyst.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meng Wang and Yuke Li and Jinfeng Jia and Tanmay Ghosh and Ping Luo and Yu-Jhih Shen and Sibo Wang and Jiguang Zhang and Shibo Xi and Ziyu Mi and Mingsheng Zhang and Wan Ru Leow and Bernt Johannessen and Zainul Aabdin and Sung-Fu Hung and Jia Zhang and Yanwei Lum}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado5000}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eado5000}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tuning catalyst-support interactions enable steering of electrochemical CO2 reduction pathways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fibroblast atlas: Shared and specific cell types across tissues. SCIADV, 11(14), eado0173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding the heterogeneity of fibroblasts depends on decoding the complexity of cell subtypes, their origin, distribution, and interactions with other cells. Here, we integrated 249,156 fibroblasts from 73 studies across 10 tissues to present a single-cell atlas of fibroblasts. We provided a high-resolution classification of 18 fibroblast subtypes. In particular, we revealed a previously undescribed cell population, TSPAN8 + chromatin remodeling fibroblasts, characterized by high expression of genes with functions related to histone modification and chromatin remodeling. Moreover, TSPAN8 + chromatin remodeling fibroblasts were detectable in spatial transcriptome data and multiplexed immunofluorescence assays. Compared with other fibroblast subtypes, TSPAN8 + chromatin remodeling fibroblasts exhibited higher scores in cell differentiation and resident fibroblast, mainly interacting with endothelial cells and T cells through ligand VEGFA and receptor F2R , and their presence was associated with poor prognosis. Our analyses comprehensively defined the shared and specific characteristics of fibroblast subtypes across tissues and provided a user-friendly data portal, Fibroblast Atlas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaidong Liu and Yanrui Cui and Huiming Han and Erliang Guo and Xingyang Shi and Kai Xiong and Nan Zhang and Songmei Zhai and Shaocong Sang and Mingyue Liu and Bo Chen and Yunyan Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado0173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eado0173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fibroblast atlas: Shared and specific cell types across tissues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genomic insights and the conservation potential of captive breeding: The case of chinese alligator. SCIADV, 11(14), eadm7980. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite 40 years of conservation of the critically endangered Chinese alligator ( Alligator sinensis ), the genomic underpinnings of its status remained uncharted. Genome sequencing data of 244 individuals uncovered relatively low overall genomic diversity/heterozygosity and long runs of homozygosity, with captive populations exhibiting higher heterozygosity and smaller inbreeding coefficients compared to wild individuals. The decreased level of inbreeding in the captive population demonstrates the contribution of the large captive breeding population. The estimated recent effective population size was around a few dozen. To combat challenges of inbreeding depression and reduced adaptability, we used genome-wide SNP-based kinship analysis on captive populations to enable a genome-informed breeding program that minimizes inbreeding. Long-term field monitoring revealed that the Chinese government greatly advanced the conservation of A. sinensis through conservation measures and reintroduction programs. Our research enriches the understanding of the Chinese alligator’s genetic landscape, offering invaluable genomic resources for breeding and conservation strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tao Pan and Jiashun Miao and Ke Sun and Haitao Nie and Nicholas M. Luscombe and Wengang Li and Song Zhang and Liuyang Yang and Huan Wang and Yongkang Zhou and Genjun Tu and Yilin Shu and Baowei Zhang and Xiaobing Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adm7980}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadm7980}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genomic insights and the conservation potential of captive breeding: The case of chinese alligator}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuroecology of alcohol risk and reward: Methanol boosts pheromones and courtship success in drosophila melanogaster. SCIADV, 11(14), eadi9683. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Attraction of Drosophila melanogaster toward by-products of alcoholic fermentation, especially ethanol, has been extensively studied. Previous research has provided several interpretations of this attraction, including potential drug abuse, or a self-medicating coping strategy after mate rejection. We posit that the ecologically adaptive value of alcohol attraction has not been fully explored. Here, we assert a simple yet vital biological rationale for this alcohol preference. Flies display attraction to fruits rich in alcohol, specifically ethanol and methanol, where contact results in a rapid amplification of fatty acid–derived pheromones that enhance courtship success. We also identify olfactory sensory neurons that detect these alcohols, where we reveal roles in both attraction and aversion, and show that valence is balanced around alcohol concentration. Moreover, we demonstrate that methanol can be deadly, and adult flies must therefore accurately weigh the trade-off between benefits and costs for exposure within their naturally fermented and alcohol-rich environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ian W. Keesey and Georg Doll and Sudeshna Das Chakraborty and Amelie Baschwitz and Marion Lemoine and Martin Kaltenpoth and Aleš Svatoš and Silke Sachse and Markus Knaden and Bill S. Hansson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adi9683}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {4}, number = {14}, pages = {eadi9683}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuroecology of alcohol risk and reward: Methanol boosts pheromones and courtship success in drosophila melanogaster}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Harnessing huge data from pregnancy natural experiments. SCIADV, 11(13), eadw6818. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vast, cross-sectional, and open datasets are critical for understanding complex pregnancy physiology and women’s health more generally while serving as a resource for model development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michelle Oyen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6818}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadw6818}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Harnessing huge data from pregnancy natural experiments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sub-wavelength optical lattice in 2D materials. SCIADV, 11(13), eadv2023. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recently, light-matter interaction has been vastly expanded as a control tool for inducing and enhancing many emergent nonequilibrium phenomena. However, conventional schemes for exploring such light-induced phenomena rely on uniform and diffraction-limited free-space optics, which limits the spatial resolution and the efficiency of light-matter interaction. Here, we overcome these challenges using metasurface plasmon polaritons (MPPs) to form a sub-wavelength optical lattice. Specifically, we report a “nonlocal” pump-probe scheme where MPPs are excited to induce a spatially modulated AC Stark shift for excitons in a monolayer of MoSe 2 , several microns away from the illumination spot. We identify nearly two orders of magnitude reduction for the required modulation power compared to the free-space optical illumination counterpart. Moreover, we demonstrate a broadening of the excitons’ linewidth as a robust signature of MPP-induced periodic sub-diffraction modulation. Our results will allow exploring power-efficient light-induced lattice phenomena below the diffraction limit in active chip-compatible MPP architectures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Supratik Sarkar and Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad and Daniel G. Suárez-Forero and Liuxin Gu and Christopher J. Flower and Lida Xu and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Suji Park and Houk Jang and You Zhou and Mohammad Hafezi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2023}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadv2023}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sub-wavelength optical lattice in 2D materials}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Learning the rules of peptide self-assembly through data mining with large language models. SCIADV, 11(13), eadv1971. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Peptides are ubiquitous and important biomolecules that self-assemble into diverse structures. Although extensive research has explored the effects of chemical composition and exterior conditions on self-assembly, a systematic study consolidating these data to uncover global rules is lacking. In this work, we curate a peptide assembly database through a combination of manual processing by human experts and large language model–assisted literature mining. As a result, we collect over 1000 experimental data entries with information about peptide sequence, experimental conditions, and corresponding self-assembly phases. Using the data, machine learning models are developed, demonstrating excellent accuracy (>80%) in assembly phase classification. Moreover, we fine-tune a GPT model for peptide literature mining with the developed dataset, which markedly outperforms the pretrained model in extracting information from academic publications. This workflow can improve efficiency when exploring potential self-assembling peptide candidates, through guiding experimental work, while also deepening our understanding of the governing mechanisms.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenze Yang and Sarah K. Yorke and Tuomas P. J. Knowles and Markus J. Buehler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1971}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadv1971}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Learning the rules of peptide self-assembly through data mining with large language models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Replication-dependent histone labeling dissects the physical properties of euchromatin/heterochromatin in living human cells. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu8400. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A string of nucleosomes, where genomic DNA is wrapped around histones, is organized in the cell as chromatin, ranging from euchromatin to heterochromatin, with distinct genome functions. Understanding physical differences between euchromatin and heterochromatin is crucial, yet specific labeling methods in living cells remain limited. Here, we have developed replication-dependent histone (Repli-Histo) labeling to mark nucleosomes in euchromatin and heterochromatin based on DNA replication timing. Using this approach, we investigated local nucleosome motion in the four known chromatin classes, from euchromatin to heterochromatin, of living human and mouse cells. The more euchromatic (earlier-replicated) and more heterochromatic (later-replicated) regions exhibit greater and lesser nucleosome motions, respectively. Notably, the motion profile in each chromatin class persists throughout interphase. Genome chromatin is essentially replicated from regions with greater nucleosome motions, although the replication timing is perturbed. Our findings, combined with computational modeling, suggest that earlier-replicated regions have more accessibility, and local chromatin motion can be a major determinant of genome-wide replication timing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katsuhiko Minami and Kako Nakazato and Satoru Ide and Kazunari Kaizu and Koichi Higashi and Sachiko Tamura and Atsushi Toyoda and Koichi Takahashi and Ken Kurokawa and Kazuhiro Maeshima}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8400}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu8400}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Replication-dependent histone labeling dissects the physical properties of euchromatin/heterochromatin in living human cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Histone modification–driven structural remodeling unleashes DNMT3B in DNA methylation. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu8116. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) plays a vital role in shaping DNA methylation patterns during mammalian development. DNMT3B is intricately regulated by histone H3 modifications, yet the dynamic interplay between DNMT3B and histone modifications remains enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the PWWP (proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline) domain within DNMT3B exhibits remarkable dynamics that enhances the enzyme’s methyltransferase activity upon interactions with a modified histone H3 peptide (H3K4 me0 K36 me3 ). In the presence of H3K4 me0 K36 me3 , both the PWWP and ADD (ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L) domains transition from autoinhibitory to active conformations. In this active state, the PWWP domain most often aligns closely with the catalytic domain, allowing for simultaneous interactions with H3 and DNA to stimulate DNA methylation. The prostate cancer–associated DNMT3B R545C mutant is even more dynamic and susceptible to adopting the active conformation, resulting in aberrant DNA hypermethylation. Our study suggests the mechanism by which conformational rearrangements in DNMT3B are triggered by histone modifications, ultimately unleashing its activity in DNA methylation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao-Cheng Cho and Hsun-Ho Huang and Bo-Chen Jiang and Wei-Zen Yang and Yi-Ning Chen and Hanna S. Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8116}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu8116}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Histone modification–driven structural remodeling unleashes DNMT3B in DNA methylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A synthetic genomics-based african swine fever virus engineering platform. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu7670. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {African swine fever (ASF) is a deadly viral disease in domestic pigs that has a large global economic impact for the swine industry. It is present in Africa, Europe, Asia, and in the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. There are no effective treatments or broadly licensed vaccines to prevent disease. Efforts to counteract ASF have been hampered because of the lack of convenient tools to engineer its etiological agent, ASF virus (ASFV), largely due to its large noninfectious genome. Here, we report the use of synthetic genomics methodology to develop a reverse genetics system for ASFV using a CRISPR-Cas9–inhibited self-helper virus to reconstitute live recombinant ASFV from synthetic genomes to rapidly generate a variety of combinatorial mutants of ASFV. The method will substantially facilitate the development of therapeutics or subunit and live-attenuated vaccines for ASF. This synthetic genomics-based approach has wide-ranging impact because it can be applied to rapidly develop reverse genetics tools for emerging viruses with noninfectious genomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Walter Fuchs and Nacyra Assad-Garcia and Hussein M. Abkallo and Yong Xue and Lauren M. Oldfield and Nadia Fedorova and Alexandra Hübner and Tonny Kabuuka and Katrin Pannhorst and Dirk Höper and Vishvanath Nene and Norberto Gonzalez-Juarbe and Lucilla Steinaa and Sanjay Vashee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7670}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu7670}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A synthetic genomics-based african swine fever virus engineering platform}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Systematic high-throughput evaluation reveals FrCas9’s superior specificity and efficiency for therapeutic genome editing. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu7334. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CRISPR-Cas9 systems have revolutionized genome editing, but the off-target effects of Cas9 limit its use in clinical applications. Here, we systematically evaluate FrCas9, a variant from Faecalibaculum rodentium , for cell and gene therapy (CGT) applications and compare its performance to SpCas9 and OpenCRISPR-1. OpenCRISPR-1 is a CRISPR system synthesized de novo using large language models (LLMs) but has not yet undergone systematic characterization. Using AID-seq, Amplicon sequencing, and GUIDE-seq, we assessed the on-target activity and off-target profiles of these systems across multiple genomic loci. FrCas9 demonstrated higher on-target efficiency and substantially fewer off-target effects than SpCas9 and OpenCRISPR-1. Furthermore, TREX2 fusion with FrCas9 reduced large deletions and translocations, enhancing genomic stability. Through screening of 1903 sgRNAs targeting 21 CGT-relevant genes using sequential AID-seq, Amplicon sequencing, and GUIDE-seq analysis, we identified optimal sgRNAs for each gene. Our high-throughput screening platform highlights FrCas9, particularly in its TREX2-fused form, as a highly specific and efficient tool for precise therapeutic genome editing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Tian and Xun Tian and Meiying Yang and Yuping Song and Tingting Zhao and Chaoyue Zhong and Wei Zhu and Ping Zhou and Zhiqiang Han and Zheng Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7334}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu7334}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Systematic high-throughput evaluation reveals FrCas9’s superior specificity and efficiency for therapeutic genome editing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Steroid hormone levels vary with sex, aging, lifestyle, and genetics. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu6094. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Steroid hormone levels vary greatly among individuals, between sexes, with age, and across health and disease. What drives variance in steroid hormones and how they vary in individuals over time are not well studied. To address these questions, we measured 17 steroid hormones in a sex-balanced cohort of 949 healthy donors aged 20 to 69 years. We investigated associations between steroid levels and biological sex, age, clinical and demographic data, genetics, and plasma proteomics. Steroid hormone levels were strongly affected by sex and age, and a high number of lifestyle habits. Key observations were the broad impact of hormonal birth control in female donors and the relationship with smoking in male donors. In a 10-year follow-up study, we identified significant associations between steroid hormone levels and health status only in male donors. These observations highlight biological and lifestyle parameters affecting steroid hormones, and underlie the importance of considering sex, age, and potentially gendered behaviors in the treatment of hormone-related diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Léa G. Deltourbe and Jamie Sugrue and Elizabeth Maloney and Florian Dubois and Anthony Jaquaniello and Jacob Bergstedt and Etienne Patin and Lluis Quintana-Murci and Molly A. Ingersoll and Darragh Duffy and Milieu Intérieur Consortium}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6094}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu6094}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Steroid hormone levels vary with sex, aging, lifestyle, and genetics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A millisecond integrated quantum memory for photonic qubits. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu5264. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum memories for light are essential building blocks for quantum repeaters and quantum networks. Integrated operations of quantum memories could enable scalable application with low-power consumption. However, the photonic quantum storage lifetime in integrated devices has so far been limited to tens of microseconds, falling short of the requirements for practical applications. Here, we demonstrate quantum storage of photonic qubits for 1.021 milliseconds based on a laser-written optical waveguide fabricated in a 151 Eu 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal. Spin dephasing of 151 Eu 3+ is mitigated through dynamical decoupling applied via on-chip electric waveguides, and we obtain a storage efficiency of 12.0 ± 0.5% at 1.021 milliseconds, which is a demonstration of integrated quantum memories that outperforms the efficiency of a simple fiber delay line. Such long-lived waveguide-based quantum memory could support applications in quantum repeaters, and further combination with critical magnetic fields could enable potential application as transportable quantum memories.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-Ping Liu and Zhong-Wen Ou and Tian-Xiang Zhu and Ming-Xu Su and Chao Liu and Yong-Jian Han and Zong-Quan Zhou and Chuan-Feng Li and Guang-Can Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5264}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu5264}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A millisecond integrated quantum memory for photonic qubits}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phosphorylation at serine-260 of toc33 is essential for chloroplast biogenesis. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu4054. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chloroplast biogenesis, essential for photosynthesis, depends on the import of nuclear-encoded proteins through the translocon at the outer envelope of chloroplasts (TOC) complexes. Despite its importance, the mechanisms regulating this process remain largely elusive. We identify serine-260 (S260) as a critical phosphorylation site in Toc33, a core TOC component. This phosphorylation stabilizes Toc33 by preventing its ubiquitination and degradation. Constitutive triple response 1 (CTR1), a negative regulator of ethylene signaling, and its paralog RAF-like kinase are involved in phosphorylating Toc33. Disruption of Toc33 phosphorylation impairs its stability and photosynthetic protein import, consequently affecting chloroplast structural integrity and biogenesis. Our findings underscore the essential role of TOC phosphorylation in chloroplast biogenesis and reveal an unexpected regulatory network involving RAF-like kinases in organelle development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuan-Chi Chien and Gyeong Mee Yoon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4054}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu4054}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phosphorylation at serine-260 of toc33 is essential for chloroplast biogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Neuraminidase-specific antibodies drive differential cross-protection between contemporary FLUBV lineages. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu3344. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The two influenza B virus (FLUBV) lineages have continuously diverged from each other since the 1980s, with recent (post-2015) viruses exhibiting accelerated evolutionary rates. Emerging data from human studies and epidemiological models suggest that increased divergence in contemporary viruses may drive differential cross-protection, where infection with Yamagata lineage viruses provides limited immunity against Victoria lineage viruses. Here, we developed animal models to investigate the mechanisms behind asymmetric cross-protection between contemporary FLUBV lineages. Our results show that contemporary Victoria immunity provides robust cross-protection against the Yamagata lineage, whereas Yamagata immunity offers limited protection against the Victoria lineage. This differential cross-protection is driven by Victoria-elicited neuraminidase (NA)–specific antibodies, which show cross-lineage reactivity, unlike those from Yamagata infections. These findings identify a phenomenon in contemporary FLUBV that may help explain the recent disappearance of the Yamagata lineage from circulation, highlighting the crucial role of targeting NA in vaccination strategies to enhance cross-lineage FLUBV protection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Caroline K. Page and Justin D. Shepard and Sean D. Ray and James A. Ferguson and Alesandra J. Rodriguez and Julianna Han and Joel C. Jacob and Dawne K Rowe-Haas and Jasmine Y. Akinpelu and Lilach M. Friedman and Tomer Hertz and Andrew B. Ward and Stephen M. Tompkins}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3344}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu3344}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Neuraminidase-specific antibodies drive differential cross-protection between contemporary FLUBV lineages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anatomy of a foreseeable disaster: Lessons from the 2023 dam-breaching flood in derna, libya. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu2865. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Was the catastrophic flooding in Derna, Libya—one of the deadliest hydrometeorological disasters on record—an inevitable outcome of rare weather conditions, or did the design of the infrastructure fail to account for probable risks? On 10 to 11 September 2023, Storm Daniel, a Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone, caused heavy rainfall that led to the collapse of two dams and more than 5000 casualties in Derna. Using a combination of atmospheric reanalysis, satellite data, and hydrologic modeling, we overcame key limitations typical of data-scarce, high-variability regions and revealed that despite the catastrophic impact, the return periods of the rainfall and flood were only a few decades. Hydraulic simulations revealed that the dam failures amplified the damage nearly 20-fold compared to a dam-free scenario. With extensive and timely implications, our findings underscore the importance of uncertainty-aware risk assessment and highlight the value of distributed flood prevention and early warning systems in mitigating risks in vulnerable regions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Moshe Armon and Yuval Shmilovitz and Elad Dente}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2865}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu2865}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anatomy of a foreseeable disaster: Lessons from the 2023 dam-breaching flood in derna, libya}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanoelectronics-enabled reservoir computing hardware for real-time robotic controls. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu2663. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traditional robotic vehicle control algorithms, implemented on digital devices with firmware, result in high power consumption and system complexity. Advanced control systems based on different device physics are essential for the advancement of sophisticated robotic vehicles and miniature mobile robots. Here, we present a nanoelectronics-enabled analog control system mimicking conventional controllers’ dynamic responses for real-time robotic controls, substantially reducing training cost, power consumption, and footprint. This system uses a reservoir computing network with interconnected memristive channels made from layered semiconductors. The network’s nonlinear switching and short-term memory characteristics effectively map input sensory signals to high-dimensional data spaces, enabling the generation of motor control signals with a simply trained readout layer. This approach minimizes software and analog-to-digital conversions, enhancing energy and resource efficiency. We demonstrate this system with two control tasks: rover target tracking and drone lever balancing, achieving similar performance to traditional controllers with ~10-microwatt power consumption. This work paves the way for ultralow-power edge computing in miniature robotic systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mingze Chen and Xiaoqiu An and Seung Jun Ki and Xirong Liu and Nihal Sekhon and Artyom Boyarov and Anushka Acharya and Justin Tawil and Maxwell Bederman and Xiaogan Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2663}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu2663}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanoelectronics-enabled reservoir computing hardware for real-time robotic controls}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrophoretic digital colorimetry integrated with electrochemical sweat sensor. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu2142. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advancements in wearable sweat sensors, which use standardized electrochemical and colorimetric mechanisms, offer holistic representation of health status for users. However, the constraints of standardized sweat sensors present ongoing challenges to realization of personalized health management. This study presents an electrocolorimetric (EC) platform that enables the reversible and multiple-time use of colorimetric data visualization using electrophoretic display (EPD). This platform represents the application of low-power EPD in epidermal sweat sensor, evaluated through CIELAB-based methodology which is the first systematic evaluation tool of wearable display performance. Moreover, our platform has been demonstrated in human exercise trials for its ability to detect the lactate threshold (LT). This digital colorimetric system has the potential to play a pivotal role by integrating various health monitoring biomarkers. While providing real-time, continuous, and adjustable range information with high sensitivity, this platform validates its extensive probability as a next-generation wearable epidermal sensor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daeun Sung and Seunghun Han and Sumin Kim and Heeseok Kang and Bon Jekal and Giheon Kim and Jaewon Kim and Minki Hong and Gyounghwan Moon and Sungeun Kim and Yerim Lee and Suk-Won Hwang and Hyoyoung Jeong and Yong-Sang Ryu and Sungbong Kim and Jahyun Koo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu2142}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu2142}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrophoretic digital colorimetry integrated with electrochemical sweat sensor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Xenotopic synthetic biology: Prospective tools for delaying aging and age-related diseases. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu1710. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolic dysregulation represents one of the major driving forces in aging. Although multiple genetic and pharmacological manipulations are known to extend longevity in model organisms, aging is a complex trait, and targeting one’s own genes may be insufficient to prevent age-dependent deterioration. An alternative strategy could be to use enzymes from other species to reverse age-associated metabolic changes. In this review, we discuss a set of enzymes from lower organisms that have been shown to affect various metabolic parameters linked to age-related processes. These enzymes include modulators of steady-state levels of amino acids (METase, ASNase, and ADI), NADPH/NADP + and/or reduced form of coenzyme Q (CoQH 2 )/CoQ redox potentials (NDI1, AOX, Lb NOX, TPNOX, Ec STH, RquA, LOXCAT, Grubraw, and ScURA), GSH (StGshF), mitochondrial membrane potential (mtON and mito-dR), or reactive oxygen species (DAAO and KillerRed-SOD1). We propose that leveraging non-mammalian enzymes represents an untapped resource that can be used to delay aging and age-related diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrey A. Parkhitko and Valentin Cracan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1710}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu1710}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Xenotopic synthetic biology: Prospective tools for delaying aging and age-related diseases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Preemptive optimization of a clinical antibody for broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and robustness against viral escape. SCIADV, 11(13), eadu0718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most previously authorized clinical antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have lost neutralizing activity to recent variants due to rapid viral evolution. To mitigate such escape, we preemptively enhance AZD3152, an antibody authorized for prophylaxis in immunocompromised individuals. Using deep mutational scanning (DMS) on the SARS-CoV-2 antigen, we identify AZD3152 vulnerabilities at antigen positions F456 and D420. Through two iterations of computational antibody design that integrates structure-based modeling, machine-learning, and experimental validation, we co-optimize AZD3152 against 24 contemporary and previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as 20 potential future escape variants. Our top candidate, 3152-1142, restores full potency (100-fold improvement) against the more recently emerged XBB.1.5+F456L variant that escaped AZD3152, maintains potency against previous variants of concern, and shows no additional vulnerability as assessed by DMS. This preemptive mitigation demonstrates a generalizable approach for optimizing existing antibodies against potential future viral escape.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fangqiang Zhu and Saravanan Rajan and Conor F. Hayes and Ka Yin Kwong and Andre R. Goncalves and Adam T. Zemla and Edmond Y. Lau and Yi Zhang and Yingyun Cai and John W. Goforth and Mikel Landajuela and Pavlo Gilchuk and Michael Kierny and Andrew Dippel and Bismark Amofah and Gilad Kaplan and Vanessa Cadevilla Peano and Christopher Morehouse and Ben Sparklin and Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan and Kevin M. Tuffy and Amy Nguyen and Jagadish Beloor and Gustavo Kijak and Chang Liu and Aiste Dijokaite-Guraliuc and Juthathip Mongkolsapaya and Gavin R. Screaton and Brenden K. Petersen and Thomas A. Desautels and Drew Bennett and Simone Conti and Brent W. Segelke and Kathryn T. Arrildt and Samantha Kaul and Emilia A. Grzesiak and Felipe Leno da Silva and Thomas W. Bates and Christopher G. Earnhart and Svetlana Hopkins and Shivshankar Sundaram and Mark T. Esser and Joseph R. Francica and Daniel M. Faissol and LLNL Generative Unconstrained Intelligent Drug Engineering (GUIDE) consortium}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadu0718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Preemptive optimization of a clinical antibody for broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and robustness against viral escape}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity in compressed h2-molecular–type hydride. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt9411. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The discovery of compressed atomic-type hydrides offers a promising avenue toward achieving room-temperature superconductivity, but it necessitates extremely high pressures to completely dissociate hydrogen molecules to release free electrons. Here, we report a remarkable finding of compressed H 2 -molecular–type hydride CaH 14 exhibiting an unusual transition temperature ( T c ) of 204.0 kelvin. The peculiarity of its electronic structure lies in the pronounced emergence of near-free electrons, which manifest metallic bonding, but molecular hydrogen fragments persist. This finding indicates that the necessary condition for superconducting transition is forming the Fermi sea with Cooper pairs rather than the monatomic hydrogen. Notably, the formation mechanism of free electrons can be effectively explained by the finite-depth potential wells model. Intriguingly, this H 2 -molecular–type hydride can downgrade the required pressure to 80 gigapascal while maintaining a high T c of 84 kelvin, well above the liquid-nitrogen temperature. Our study has established a high-temperature superconducting paradigm and opened the prospect for achieving high- T c superconductors in H 2 -molecular–type hydrides at low pressure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pengye Liu and Quan Zhuang and Qiang Xu and Tian Cui and Zhao Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9411}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt9411}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity in compressed h2-molecular–type hydride}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Retinal gene therapy for stargardt disease with dual AAV intein vectors is both safe and effective in large animal models. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt9354. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Retinal gene therapy using dual adeno-associated viral (AAV) intein vectors can be applied to genetic forms of blindness caused by mutations in genes with coding sequences that exceed single AAV cargo capacity, such as Stargardt disease (STGD1), the most common inherited macular dystrophy. In view of clinical translation of dual AAV intein vectors, here we set to evaluate both the efficiency and safety of their subretinal administration in relevant large animal models. Accordingly, we have developed the first pig model of STGD1, which we found to accumulate lipofuscin similarly to patients. This accumulation is significantly reduced upon subretinal administration of dual AAV intein vectors whose safety and pharmacodynamics we then tested in nonhuman primates, which showed modest and reversible inflammation as well as high levels of photoreceptor transduction. This bodes well for further clinical translation of dual AAV intein vectors in patients with STGD1 as well as for other blinding diseases that require the delivery of large genes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rita Ferla and Eugenio Pugni and Mariangela Lupo and Paola Tiberi and Federica Fioretto and Andrea Perota and Roberto Duchi and Irina Lagutina and Carlo Gesualdo and Settimio Rossi and Domenico Ventrella and Alberto Elmi and Benjamin McClinton and Carmel Toomes and Tongzhou Xu and Robert S. Molday and Enrico M. Surace and Francesca Simonelli and Maria L. Bacci and Cesare Galli and Muhammad A. Memon and Naveed Shams and Alberto Auricchio and Ivana Trapani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9354}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt9354}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Retinal gene therapy for stargardt disease with dual AAV intein vectors is both safe and effective in large animal models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Alternatives to photorespiration: A system-level analysis reveals mechanisms of enhanced plant productivity. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt9287. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photorespiration causes a substantial decrease in crop yield because of mitochondrial decarboxylation. Alternative pathways (APs) have been designed to relocate the decarboxylation step or even fix additional carbon. To improve the success of transferring those engineered APs from model species to crops, we must understand how they will interact with metabolism and how plant physiology affects their performance. Here, we used multiple mathematical modeling techniques to analyze and compare existing AP designs. We show that carbon-fixing APs are the most promising candidates to replace native photorespiration in major crop species. Our results demonstrate the different metabolic routes that APs use to increase yield and which plant physiology can profit the most from them. We anticipate our results to guide the design of new APs and to help improve existing ones.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Edward N. Smith and Marvin van Aalst and Andreas P. M. Weber and Oliver Ebenhöh and Matthias Heinemann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9287}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt9287}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Alternatives to photorespiration: A system-level analysis reveals mechanisms of enhanced plant productivity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Parthenocissus-inspired soft climbing robots. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt9284. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climbing robots have attracted growing attention due to their mobility on vertical and nonplanar structural surfaces. However, the development of climbing robots capable of climbing on various complex surfaces remains elusive, especially on discontinuous surfaces. In nature, Parthenocissus climbs as it grows, having growing-climbing behaviors. Inspired by Parthenocissus , we propose a growing-climbing mechanism and report a soft climbing robot, which grows microstructured biofilms to enhance adhesion, similar to Parthenocissus growing suckers and adsorbing to the wall. The robot uses shape memory alloy contraction to achieve bending, similar to Parthenocissus using gelatinous fibers contraction to achieve hinge-like bending. In addition, to not damage the site, it can be fully contracted after completing tasks. The climbing robot can climb on various complex surfaces, especially discontinuous surfaces, verifying the effectiveness of Parthenocissus ’ growing-climbing mechanism. The growing-climbing mechanism is a universal climbing robot paradigm, opening a door for complex surface climbing robots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kecheng Qin and Wei Tang and Huaizhi Zong and Xinyu Guo and Huxiu Xu and Yiding Zhong and Yonghao Wang and Qincheng Sheng and Huayong Yang and Jun Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9284}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt9284}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Parthenocissus-inspired soft climbing robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Liquid palladium for high-turnover carbon-carbon bond formation. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt9037. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbon-carbon (C─C) bond formation is a key step in diverse chemical processes and requires high-performance catalysts to enable energy-efficient technologies. Here, we present liquid Pd catalysts, formed by dissolving Pd in liquid Ga, for high-turnover C─C coupling reactions. The liquid Pd catalyst achieved a turnover frequency of 2.5 × 10 8 hour −1 for a model coupling reaction at 70°C, surpassing all reported Pd catalysts by 1000-fold. Our results show that Pd atoms in the Ga matrix are liquid-like, exhibiting unique electronic and interfacial properties that substantially lower the energy barrier and enhance reaction kinetics. The system retained full activity over five cycles and showed no Pd leaching, highlighting the transformative potential of liquid-phase metals to advance high-throughput and sustainable C─C bond-forming strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Md. Hasan Al Banna and Nieves Flores and Ziqi Zhou and Nastaran Meftahi and Salvy P. Russo and Pramod Koshy and Francois-Marie Allioux and Mohammad B. Ghasemian and Junma Tang and Sarina Sarina and Jianbo Tang and Andrew J. Christofferson and Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh and Md. Arifur Rahim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9037}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt9037}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Liquid palladium for high-turnover carbon-carbon bond formation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthesis of Ti4Au3C3 and its derivative trilayer goldene through chemical exfoliation. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt7999. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving large two-dimensional (2D) sheets of any metal is challenging due to their tendency to coalescence or cluster into 3D shapes. Recently, single-atom-thick gold sheets, termed goldene, was reported. Here, we ask if goldene can be extended to include multiple layers. The answer is yes, and trilayer goldene is the magic number, for reasons of electronegativity. Experiments are made to synthesize the atomically laminated phase Ti 4 Au 3 C 3 through substitutional intercalation of Si layers in Ti 4 SiC 3 for Au. Density functional theory calculations suggest that it is energetically favorable to insert three layers of Au into Ti 4 SiC 3 , compared to inserting a monolayer, a bilayer, or more than three layers. Isolated trilayer goldene sheets, ~100 nanometers wide and 6.7 angstroms thick, were obtained by chemically etching the Ti 4 C 3 layers from Ti 4 Au 3 C 3 templates. Furthermore, trilayer goldene is found in both hcp and fcc forms, where the hcp is ~50 milli–electron volts per atom more stable at room temperature from ab initio molecular dynamic simulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuchen Shi and Shun Kashiwaya and Jun Lu and Martin Dahlqvist and Davide G. Sangiovanni and Vladyslav Rogoz and Martin Magnuson and Grzegorz Greczynski and Mike Andersson and Johanna Rosen and Lars Hultman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7999}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt7999}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthesis of Ti4Au3C3 and its derivative trilayer goldene through chemical exfoliation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Programmable engineered bacteria as sustained-releasing antibody factory in situ for enhancing tumor immune checkpoint therapy. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt7298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tumor immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) aims to block immune escape signals between tumor and immune cells. However, low delivery efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), narrow single-target approach, and reduced responsiveness notably hinder clinical development of ICT. Here, we developed a nanoliposome-bacteria hybrid system that acts as an antibody (Ab) factory, enabling precise tumor targeting and macrophage activation in hypoxic environments. We reprogrammed attenuated Escherichia coli MG1655 to synthesize CD47 antibodies (aCD47) in response to hypoxic tumor microenvironments while surface conjugating with redox-responsive macrophage colony-stimulating factor-loaded liposomes. This system leverages bacterial tropism to enhance macrophage infiltration and polarization. The low oxygen levels trigger in situ aCD47 expression, blocking the “do not eat me” signal and boosting macrophage antitumor activity. In addition, macrophage antigen presentation activates CD8+CD3+ T cells, amplifying systemic antitumor immunity. Analysis of the gut microbiome shows reduced pathogenicity and improved intestinal tolerance with increased probiotics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao-Ting Xie and Meng Guan and Kai Cheng and Yong Li and Bin Zhang and Yi-Tong Zhou and Lin-Fang Tan and Peng-Shuo Dong and Si Chen and Bo Liu and Yuan-Di Zhao and Jin-Xuan Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt7298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Programmable engineered bacteria as sustained-releasing antibody factory in situ for enhancing tumor immune checkpoint therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Skin-interfaced multimodal sensing and tactile feedback system as enhanced human-machine interface for closed-loop drone control. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt6041. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unmanned aerial vehicles have undergone substantial development and market growth recently. With research focusing on improving control strategies for better user experience, feedback systems, which are vital for operator awareness of surroundings and flight status, remain underdeveloped. Current bulky manipulators also hinder accuracy and usability. Here, we present an enhanced human-machine interface based on skin-integrated multimodal sensing and feedback devices for closed-loop drone control. This system captures hand gestures for intuitive, rapid, and precise control. An integrated tactile actuator array translates the drone’s posture into two-dimensional tactile information, enhancing the operator’s perception of the flight situation. Integrated obstacle detection and neuromuscular electrical stimulation–based force feedback system enable collision avoidance and flight path correction. This closed-loop system combines intuitive controls and multimodal feedback to reduce training time and cognitive load while improving flight stability, environmental awareness, and the drone’s posture. The use of stretchable electronics also addresses wearability and bulkiness issues in traditional systems, advancing human-machine interface design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chunki Yiu and Yiming Liu and Wooyoung Park and Jian Li and Xingcan Huang and Kuanming Yao and Yuyu Gao and Guangyao Zhao and Hongwei Chu and Jingkun Zhou and Dengfeng Li and Hu Li and Binbin Zhang and Lung Chow and Ya Huang and Qingsong Xu and Xinge Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6041}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt6041}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Skin-interfaced multimodal sensing and tactile feedback system as enhanced human-machine interface for closed-loop drone control}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Catalyst-controlled regiodivergence and stereodivergence in formal cross-[4+2] cycloadditions: The unique effect of bismuth(III). SCIADV, 11(13), eadt5997. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The [4+2] cycloaddition is crucial for constructing six-membered rings in pharmaceuticals and natural products. Cross-[4+2] cycloadditions offer greater product diversity than traditional diene-dienophile reactions due to multiple possible pathways. However, precise control over regio- and stereoselectivity for various isomers remains a great challenge. This study reports catalyst-controlled regiodivergent formal cross-cycloadditions of acyclic dienes and enones, significantly enhancing access to diverse pyrazole-fused spirooxindoles. Chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalysis enables endoselective [4+2] cycloadditions, while Bi(III) with a CPA ligand yields [2+4] products with high regio- and stereoselectivity. A Claisen rearrangement of the [2+4] adduct produces the exo-selective [4+2] product, further increasing stereochemical diversity and enabling the synthesis of six regio- and stereo-isomers from a single substrate set. DFT calculations reveal that Bi(III) reverses regioselectivity by repositioning reactants in the CPA pocket and stabilizing the enone oxygen’s negative charge. In addition, product 3as demonstrates therapeutic potential against triple-negative breast cancer, with an IC 50 of 8.5 μM in MDA-MB-453 cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiumeng Hou and Chenxi Cai and Shuai-Jiang Liu and Wei Huang and Cheng Peng and Gu Zhan and Bo Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5997}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt5997}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Catalyst-controlled regiodivergence and stereodivergence in formal cross-[4+2] cycloadditions: The unique effect of bismuth(III)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Scalable fabrication of chip-integrated 3D-nanostructured electronic devices via DNA-programmable assembly. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt5620. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA-based self-assembly methods have demonstrated powerful and unique capabilities to encode nanomaterial structures through the prescribed placement of inorganic and biological nanocomponents. However, the challenge of selectively growing DNA superlattices on specific locations of surfaces and their integration with conventional nanofabrication has hindered the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) DNA-assembled functional devices. Here, we present a scalable nanofabrication technique that combines bottom-up and top-down approaches for selective growth of 3D DNA superlattices on gold microarrays. This approach allows for the fabrication of self-assembled 3D-nanostructured electronic devices. DNA strands are bound onto the gold arrays, which anchor DNA origami frames and promote ordered framework growth on the specific areas of the surface, enabling control of the lateral placement and orientation of superlattices. DNA frameworks selectively grown on the pads are subsequently templated to nanoscale silica and tin oxide (SnO x ) that follow the architecture, as confirmed by structural and chemical characterizations. The fabricated SnO x superlattices are integrated into devices that demonstrate photocurrent response.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aaron Michelson and Lior Shani and Jason S. Kahn and Daniel C. Redeker and Won-Il Lee and Katerina R. DeOlivares and Kim Kisslinger and Nikhil Tiwale and Hanfei Yan and Ajith Pattammattel and Chang-Yong Nam and Vlad S. Pribiag and Oleg Gang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5620}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt5620}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Scalable fabrication of chip-integrated 3D-nanostructured electronic devices via DNA-programmable assembly}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The expression order determines the pioneer functions of NGN3 and NEUROD1 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt4770. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pioneer transcription factors (TFs) initiate chromatin remodeling, which is crucial for gene regulation and cell differentiation. In this study, we investigated how the sequential expression of neurogenin 3 (NGN3) and NEUROD1 affects their pioneering functions during pancreatic endocrine differentiation. Using a genetically engineered mouse model, we mapped NGN3-binding sites, confirming the pivotal role of this molecule in regulating chromatin accessibility. The pioneering function of NGN3 involves dose tolerance, and low doses are sufficient. Although NEUROD1 generally acts as a conventional TF, it can assume a pioneering role in the absence of NGN3. The sequential expression of NeuroD1 and Ngn3 predominantly drives α cell generation, which may explain the inefficient β cell induction observed in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that pioneer activity is dynamically shaped by temporal TF expression and inter-TF interactions, providing insights into transcriptional regulation and its implications for disease mechanisms and therapeutic targeting and enhancing in vitro differentiation strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liu Yang and Xin-Xin Yu and Xin Wang and Chen-Tao Jin and Cheng-Ran Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4770}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt4770}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The expression order determines the pioneer functions of NGN3 and NEUROD1 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Computational capacity of life in relation to the universe. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt4623. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As physical systems, all life in the universe processes information according to physical laws. Estimates for the computational capacity of living systems generally assume that the fundamental information-processing unit is the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron, thereby excluding aneural organisms. Assuming the laws of quantum mechanics, the relativistic speed limit set by light, a universe at critical mass-energy density, and a recent experimental demonstration of single-photon superradiance in cytoskeletal protein fibers at thermal equilibrium, it is conjectured that the number of elementary logical operations that can have been performed by all eukaryotic life in the history of Earth, which is shown to be approximately equal to the ratio of the age of the universe to the Planck time, is about the square root of the number by the entire observable universe from the beginning. The existence of ultraviolet-excited ∣ W 〉 states in these protein fibers, operating within two orders of magnitude of the Margolus-Levitin speed limit, motivates state-of-the-art performance comparisons with contemporary quantum computers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philip Kurian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4623}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt4623}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Computational capacity of life in relation to the universe}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosome ca2+ leakage triggers multimembrane ATG8/LC3 lipidation to restrict damage in human macrophages. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt3311. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The role of canonical autophagy in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), referred to as xenophagy, is understood to involve targeting Mtb to autophagosomes, which subsequently fuse with lysosomes for degradation. Here, we found that Ca 2+ leakage after Mtb phagosome damage in human macrophages is the signal that triggers autophagy-related protein 8/microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3 (ATG8/LC3) lipidation. Unexpectedly, ATG8/LC3 lipidation did not target Mtb to lysosomes, excluding the canonical xenophagy. Upon Mtb phagosome damage, the Ca 2+ leakage–dependent ATG8/LC3 lipidation occurred on multiple membranes instead of single or double membranes excluding the noncanonical autophagy pathways. Mechanistically, Ca 2+ leakage from the phagosome triggered the recruitment of the V-ATPase–ATG16L1 complex independently of FIP200, ATG13, and proton gradient disruption. Furthermore, the Ca 2+ leakage–dependent ATG8/LC3 lipidation limited Mtb phagosome damage and restricted Mtb replication. Together, we uncovered Ca 2+ leakage as the key signal that triggers ATG8/LC3 lipidation on multiple membranes to mitigate Mtb phagosome damage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Di Chen and Antony Fearns and Maximiliano G. Gutierrez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3311}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt3311}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosome ca2+ leakage triggers multimembrane ATG8/LC3 lipidation to restrict damage in human macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The clinical antiprotozoal drug halofuginone promotes weight loss by elevating GDF15 and FGF21. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt3142. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Obesity is a debilitating global pandemic with a huge cost on health care due to it being a major underlying risk factor for several diseases. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need for pharmacological interventions to curb obesity. Here, we report that halofuginone, a Food and Drug Administration–approved anti-scleroderma and antiprotozoal drug, is a promising anti-obesity agent in preclinical mouse and pig models. Halofuginone suppressed food intake, increased energy expenditure, and resulted in weight loss in diet-induced obese mice while also alleviating insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Using molecular and pharmacological tools with transcriptomics, we identified that halofuginone increases fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels via activating integrated stress response. Using Gdf15 and Fgf21 knockout mice, we show that both hormones are necessary to elicit anti-obesity changes. Together, our study reports the beneficial metabolic effects of halofuginone and underscores its utility in treating obesity and its associated metabolic complications, which merits clinical assessment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suowen Xu and Zhenghong Liu and Tian Tian and Wenqi Zhao and Zhihua Wang and Monan Liu and Mengyun Xu and Fanshun Zhang and Zhidan Zhang and Meijie Chen and Yanjun Yin and Meiming Su and Wenxiang Fang and Wenhao Pan and Shiyong Liu and Min-dian Li and Peter J. Little and Danielle Kamato and Songyang Zhang and Dongdong Wang and Stefan Offermanns and John R. Speakman and Jianping Weng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3142}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt3142}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The clinical antiprotozoal drug halofuginone promotes weight loss by elevating GDF15 and FGF21}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural basis for the pore-forming activity of a complement-like toxin. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt2127. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pore-forming proteins comprise a highly diverse group of proteins exemplified by the membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF), cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC), and gasdermin superfamilies, which all form gigantic pores (>150 angstroms). A recently found family of pore-forming toxins, called CDC-like proteins (CDCLs), are wide-spread in gut microbes and are a prevalent means of antibacterial antagonism. However, the structural aspects of how CDCLs assemble a pore remain a mystery. Here, we report the crystal structure of a proteolytically activated CDCL and cryo–electron microscopy structures of a prepore-like intermediate and a transmembrane pore providing detailed snapshots across the entire pore-forming pathway. These studies reveal a sophisticated array of regulatory features to ensure productive pore formation, and, thus, CDCLs straddle the MACPF, CDC, and gasdermin lineages of the giant pore superfamilies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bronte A. Johnstone and Michelle P. Christie and Riya Joseph and Craig J. Morton and Hamish G. Brown and Eric Hanssen and Tristan C. Sanford and Hunter L. Abrahamsen and Rodney K. Tweten and Michael W. Parker}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2127}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt2127}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural basis for the pore-forming activity of a complement-like toxin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Current crowding–free superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. SCIADV, 11(13), eadt0502. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Detecting single photons is essential for applications such as dark matter detection, quantum science and technology, and biomedical imaging. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) excel in this task due to their near-unity detection efficiency, subhertz dark count rates, and picosecond timing jitter. However, a local increase of current density (current crowding) in the bends of meander-shaped SNSPDs limits these performance metrics. By locally irradiating the SNSPD’s straight segments with helium ions while leaving the bends unirradiated, we realize current crowding–free SNSPDs with simultaneously enhanced sensitivity: After irradiation with 800 ions nm −2 , locally irradiated SNSPDs showed a relative saturation plateau width of 37%, while fully irradiated SNSPDs reached only 10%. This larger relative plateau width allows operation at lower relative bias currents, thereby reducing the dark count rate while still detecting single photons efficiently. We achieve an internal detection efficiency of 94% with 7 mHz dark count rate near the onset of saturating detection efficiency for a wavelength of 780 nm.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stefan Strohauer and Fabian Wietschorke and Christian Schmid and Stefanie Grotowski and Lucio Zugliani and Björn Jonas and Kai Müller and Jonathan J. Finley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0502}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadt0502}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Current crowding–free superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). μSonic-hand: Biomedical micromanipulation driven by acoustic gas-liquid-solid interactions. SCIADV, 11(13), eads8167. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Micromanipulation is crucial for operating and analyzing microobjects in advanced biomedical applications. However, safe, low-cost, multifunctional micromanipulation for operating bio-objects across scales and modalities remains inaccessible. Here, we propose a versatile micromanipulation method driven by acoustic gas-liquid-solid interactions, named μSonic-hand. The bubble contained at the end of a micropipette and the surrounding liquid form a gas-liquid multiphase system susceptible to acoustic waves. Driven by a piezoelectric transducer, the oscillating gas-liquid interface induces acoustic microstreaming, markedly increasing the mass transfer efficiency. It enables multiple liquid micromanipulations, including mixing, dispersion, enhancing cell membrane permeability, and harvesting selected cells. Furthermore, a controllable three-dimensional axisymmetric vortex in an open environment overcomes the constraints of microfluidic chip, enabling stable trapping, rapid transportation, and multidirectional rotation of HeLa cells, embryos, and other bio-objects ranging from micrometers to millimeters. A variety of applications demonstrate that the μSonic-hand, with its wide-range capabilities, inherent biocompatibility, and extremely low cost could remarkably advance biomedical science.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoming Liu and Yuyang Li and Fengyu Liu and Qing Shi and Lixin Dong and Qiang Huang and Tatsuo Arai and Toshio Fukuda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8167}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads8167}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {μSonic-hand: Biomedical micromanipulation driven by acoustic gas-liquid-solid interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dyad of human-specific NBPF14 and NOTCH2NLB orchestrates cortical progenitor abundance crucial for human neocortex expansion. SCIADV, 11(13), eads7543. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We determined the roles of two coevolved and coexpressed human-specific genes, NBPF14 and NOTCH2NLB , on the abundance of the cortical progenitors that underlie the evolutionary expansion of the neocortex, the seat of higher cognitive abilities in humans. Using automated microinjection into apical progenitors (APs) of embryonic mouse neocortex and electroporation of APs in chimpanzee cerebral organoids, we show that NBPF14 promotes the delamination of AP progeny, by promoting oblique cleavage plane orientation during AP division, leading to increased abundance of the key basal progenitor type, basal radial glia. In contrast, NOTCH2NLB promotes AP proliferation, leading to expansion of the AP pool. When expressed together, NBPF14 and NOTCH2NLB exert coordinated effects, resulting in expansion of basal progenitors while maintaining self-renewal of APs. Hence, these two human-specific genes orchestrate the behavior of APs, and the lineages of their progeny, in a manner essential for the evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nesil Eşiyok and Neringa Liutikaite and Christiane Haffner and Jula Peters and Sabrina Heide and Christina Eugster Oegema and Wieland B. Huttner and Michael Heide}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7543}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads7543}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dyad of human-specific NBPF14 and NOTCH2NLB orchestrates cortical progenitor abundance crucial for human neocortex expansion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Untethered subcentimeter flying robots. SCIADV, 11(13), eads6858. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The miniaturization of insect-scale flying robots with untethered flights is extremely challenging as the tradeoff between mass and power becomes problematic. Here, a subcentimeter rotating-wing robot of 21 mg in weight and 9.4 mm in wingspan driven by a single-axis alternating magnetic field has accomplished navigable flights. This artificial flying robot is the lightest and smallest to realize untethered and controllable aerial travels including hovering, collision recovery, and route adjustments. Experimentally, it has achieved a high aerodynamic efficacy with a measured lift-to-drag ratio of 0.7 and lift–to–flying power ratio of 7.2 × 10 −2 N/W at a Reynolds number of ~2500. The wireless driving mechanism, system operation principle, and flight characteristics can be further optimized for the advancement and miniaturization of subcentimeter scale flying robots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fanping Sui and Wei Yue and Kamyar Behrouzi and Yuan Gao and Mark Mueller and Liwei Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6858}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads6858}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Untethered subcentimeter flying robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Making continental crust on water-bearing terrestrial planets. SCIADV, 11(13), eads6746. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The debate about early Earth differentiation focuses on the processes responsible for the formation of protocrust(s) and continental crust of felsic (SiO 2 ≥ 55 weight %) composition. One aspect of this debate is how Hadean zircons fit into an ultramafic environment. On the basis of experiments, thermodynamic modeling, and elemental partitioning, we show that felsic melts could have been generated by shallow interaction between primordial serpentinized peridotite and basaltic magmas on Earth and Mars. On the basis of the hafnium isotopic evolution of Hadean detrital zircons worldwide, we infer that these interactions allowed for the formation of extensive Hadean felsic crust (4.4 to 4.5 billion years ago), which, in turn, would account for up to 50% of the present continental crustal mass. A similar process may have occurred on Mars. The serpentinized protocrust had a dual role in the primitive planetary environment: to provide ingredients for the continental crust and to enable life to emerge on water-bearing terrestrial planets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Justine Bernadet and Anastassia Y. Borisova and Martin Guitreau and Oleg G. Safonov and Paul Asimow and Anne Nédélec and Wendy A. Bohrson and Svetlana A. Kosova and Philippe de Parseval}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6746}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads6746}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Making continental crust on water-bearing terrestrial planets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Excess surface area of the nuclear lamina enables unhindered cell migration through constrictions. SCIADV, 11(13), eads6573. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell migration through narrow spaces is essential in wound healing and metastatic spread of cancer. Cells must deform the large nucleus to fit through constricting channels. To understand the role of the nuclear lamina in limiting cell migration through constrictions, we imaged it in cells migrating through periodic constricting channels in a microdevice. The lamina underwent cycles of wrinkling and smoothing as the nucleus changed from an irregular, rounded shape in the wide channel regions between constrictions to a smooth, hourglass shape as the nucleus passed through the center of a constriction. The laminar surface area of nuclei within constrictions was measured to be at or above the computationally predicted threshold area for the nuclear volume. The channels excluded control nuclei that had insufficient excess surface area, but not nuclei lacking lamin A/C. Thus, the excess surface area of the nuclear lamina enables cell migration through constricting channels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brendan McKee and Samere Abolghasemzade and Ting-Ching Wang and Kajol Harsh and Simran Kaur and Ryan Blanchard and Krishna Belraj Menon and Mohammad Mohajeri and Richard B. Dickinson and Tanmay P. Lele}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6573}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads6573}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Excess surface area of the nuclear lamina enables unhindered cell migration through constrictions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NAT10 and n4-acetylcytidine restrain R-loop levels and related inflammatory responses. SCIADV, 11(13), eads6144. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N 4 -acetylcytidine (ac 4 C) is deposited on diverse RNAs by N -acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), a protein with high biological relevance for aging and cancer. We performed a comprehensive survey of ac 4 C using metabolic labeling, sodium cyanoborohydride chemical treatment coupled to next-generation sequencing (NGS), and ac 4 C antibody–based cell and molecular biology techniques. Our analysis shows that NAT10-dependent ac 4 C-acetylation is robust in rRNA and specific tRNAs but low/spurious in mRNA. It also revealed an inflammatory signature and mutagenesis at transcriptionally active sites in NAT10-KO cells. This finding led us to explore the role of NAT10 in R-loops, which were recently linked to APOBEC3B-mediated mutagenesis. Our analysis showed that R-loops are ac 4 C-acetylated in a NAT10-dependent manner. Furthermore, NAT10 restrains the levels of R-loops at a subset of differentially expressed genes in a catalytic activity–dependent manner. Together with cellular biology data showing ac 4 C-modified RNA in endosomal structures, we propose that increased levels of ac 4 C-unmodified RNAs, likely derived from R-loops, in endosomal structures induce inflammatory responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Turja K. Debnath and Nathan S. Abell and Yi-Ru Li and Sravan K. Devanathan and Enrique Navedo and Blerta Xhemalçe}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6144}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads6144}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NAT10 and n4-acetylcytidine restrain R-loop levels and related inflammatory responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An in vivo screen identifies NAT10 as a master regulator of brain metastasis. SCIADV, 11(13), eads6021. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Emerging evidence has shown that epigenetic regulation plays a fundamental role in cancer metastasis, the major cause of cancer-related deaths. Here, we conducted an in vivo screen for vulnerabilities of brain metastasis and identified N -acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) as a driver of brain metastasis. Knockdown of NAT10 restrains cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth and brain metastasis in vivo. The poorly characterized RNA helicase domain of NAT10 is critical for cell growth in vitro, while both RNA helicase and NAT domains are essential for primary tumor growth and brain metastasis in vivo. Mechanically, NAT10 promotes the expression of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), two enzymes for serine biosynthesis implicated in brain metastasis. Silencing PHGDH or PSAT1 in metastatic breast cancer cells inhibits their growth in the serine/glycine-limited condition, phenocopying the effects of NAT10 depletion. These findings establish NAT10 as a key regulator of brain metastasis and nominate NAT10 as a target for treating metastasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jocelyn F. Chen and Peng Xu and Wesley L. Cai and Huacui Chen and Emily Wingrove and Xiaojian Shi and Wenxue Li and Giulia Biancon and Meiling Zhang and Amer Balabaki and Ethan D. Krop and Elianna Asare and Yangyi Zhang and Mingzhu Yin and Toma Tebaldi and Jordan L. Meier and Thomas F. Westbrook and Stephanie Halene and Yansheng Liu and Hongying Shen and Don X. Nguyen and Qin Yan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6021}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads6021}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An in vivo screen identifies NAT10 as a master regulator of brain metastasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrabright difuranfluoreno-dithiophen polymers for enhanced afterglow imaging of atherosclerotic plaques. SCIADV, 11(13), eads4646. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cardiovascular diseases, including stroke driven by atherosclerosis, remain a leading global health concern. Current diagnostic imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging fail to characterize oxidative stress within atherosclerotic plaques. Here, we introduce difuranfluoreno-dithiophen–based polymers designed for afterglow imaging, offering ultrabright luminescence, ultralow-power excitation (0.087 milliwatts per square centimeter), and ultrashort acquisition times (0.01 seconds). Through a molecular engineering strategy, we have optimized polymers for enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capability, ROS capturing capability, and fluorescence quantum yield, resulting in an increase in afterglow intensity (~130-fold) compared to commonly used 2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene polymer (MEHPPV). Additionally, we have developed ratiometric afterglow nanoparticles doped with oxidative stress–responsive molecules, enabling imaging of oxidative stress markers in atherosclerotic plaque. This approach provides a tool for cardiovascular imaging and diagnostics, which is conducive to the auxiliary diagnosis and risk stratification of atherosclerosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhe Li and Hui Cao and Youjuan Wang and Shiyi Liao and Xu Li and Baode Chen and Xiaosha Wang and Lihui Jiang and Yingping Zou and Xiao-bing Zhang and Guosheng Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4646}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads4646}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrabright difuranfluoreno-dithiophen polymers for enhanced afterglow imaging of atherosclerotic plaques}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reelin marks cocaine-activated striatal neurons, promotes neuronal excitability, and regulates cocaine reward. SCIADV, 11(13), eads4441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Drugs of abuse activate defined neuronal populations in reward structures such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which promote the enduring synaptic, circuit, and behavioral consequences of drug exposure. While the molecular and cellular effects arising from experience with drugs like cocaine are increasingly well understood, mechanisms that dictate NAc neuronal recruitment remain unknown. Here, we leveraged unbiased single-nucleus transcriptional profiling and targeted in situ detection to identify Reln (encoding the secreted glycoprotein, Reelin) as a marker of cocaine-activated neuronal populations within the rat NAc. A CRISPR interference approach enabling selective Reln knockdown in the adult NAc altered expression of calcium signaling genes, promoted a transcriptional trajectory consistent with loss of cocaine sensitivity, and decreased MSN excitability. Behaviorally, Reln knockdown prevented cocaine locomotor sensitization, abolished cocaine place preference memory, and decreased cocaine self-administration behavior. These results identify Reelin as a critical mechanistic link between neuronal activation and cocaine-induced behavioral adaptations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kasey L. Brida and Emily T. Jorgensen and Robert A. Phillips III and Catherine E. Newman and Jennifer J. Tuscher and Emily K. Morring and Morgan E. Zipperly and Lara Ianov and Kelsey D. Montgomery and Madhavi Tippani and Thomas M. Hyde and Kristen R. Maynard and Keri Martinowich and Jeremy J. Day}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads4441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reelin marks cocaine-activated striatal neurons, promotes neuronal excitability, and regulates cocaine reward}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anthropogenic activity and climate change exacerbate the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the environment. SCIADV, 11(13), eads4355. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change is profoundly affecting human health. Human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) infections mediated by the environment are considered a substantial cause of global health losses. However, the biogeography of HPB and their response to climate change remain largely unknown. Here, we constructed and analyzed a global atlas of potential HPB using 1,066,584 samples worldwide. HPB are widely present in the global environment, and their distribution follows a latitudinal diversity gradient. Climate and anthropogenic factors are identified as major drivers of the global distribution of HPB. Our predictions indicated that by the end of this century, the richness, abundance, and invasion risk of HPB will increase globally, with this upward trend becoming more pronounced as development sustainability declines. Therefore, the threat of environmentally mediated HPB infections to human health may be more severe in a world where anthropogenic activities are intensifying and the global climate is warming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Geng and Ya Liu and Peng Li and Jingyu Sun and Yiru Jiang and Zhuo Pan and Yue-Zhong Li and Zheng Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4355}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads4355}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anthropogenic activity and climate change exacerbate the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HMCES corrupts replication fork stability during base excision repair in homologous recombination–deficient cells. SCIADV, 11(13), eads3227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites and single-strand breaks arising from base excision repair (BER) during the misincorporation of damaged nucleobases may hinder replication fork stability in homologous recombination–deficient (HRD) cells. At templated AP sites, cross-links between the DNA and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine binding, embryonic stem cell–specific (HMCES) regulate replication fork speed, avoiding cytotoxic double-strand breaks. While the role of HMCES at the template DNA strand is well studied, its effects on nascent DNA are not. We provide evidence that HMCES–DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) are detrimental to the BER-mediated removal of 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5hmdC)–derived 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxyuridine from replication forks. HRD cells have heightened HMCES-DPCs, which increase further upon 5hmdC exposure, suggesting that HMCES binds both spontaneous and 5hmdC-induced AP sites. HMCES depletion substantially suppresses 5hmdC-mediated replication fork defects, chromosomal aberrations, and cell death in HRD cells. This reveals that HMCES-DPCs are a source of BER-initiated single-stranded DNA gaps, which indicates that endogenous DPCs contribute to genomic instability in HRD tumors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {María José Peña-Gómez and Yaiza Rodríguez-Martín and Marta del Rio Oliva and Yodhara Wijesekara Hanthi and Sara Berrada and Raimundo Freire and Jean Yves Masson and José Carlos Reyes and Vincenzo Costanzo and Iván V. Rosado}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads3227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HMCES corrupts replication fork stability during base excision repair in homologous recombination–deficient cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Macrophage-targeted mms6 mRNA-lipid nanoparticles promote locomotor functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in mice. SCIADV, 11(13), eads2295. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe central nervous system damage. M2 macrophages within the lesion are crucial for SCI recovery. Our previous research revealed that M2 macrophages transfected with magnetotactic bacteria–derived Mms6 gene can resist ferroptosis and enhance SCI recovery. To address the limitations of M2 macrophage transplantation, we developed lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating Mms6 mRNA targeting macrophages ( Mms6 mRNA-PS/LNPs). The targeting efficiency and therapeutic effect of these LNPs in SCI mice were evaluated. Intravenous administration of Mms6 mRNA-PS/LNPs delivered more Mms6 mRNAs to lesion-site macrophages than those in the Mms6 mRNA-LNP group, which resulted in enhancing motor function recovery, reducing lesion area and scar formation, and promoting neuronal survival and nerve fiber repair. These effects were nullified when macrophages were depleted. These findings suggest that macrophage-targeted delivery of Mms6 mRNA is a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting spinal cord repair and motor function recovery in patients with traumatic SCI.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chunyan Fu and Xiaoqin Jin and Kangfan Ji and Ke Lan and Xingjia Mao and Zhaobo Huang and Jian Chen and Fengdong Zhao and Pengfei Li and Xuefei Hu and Liwen Sun and Ning Lu and Jinjie Zhong and Yingying Chen and Linlin Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2295}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads2295}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Macrophage-targeted mms6 mRNA-lipid nanoparticles promote locomotor functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Drosophila and human headcase define a new family of ribonucleotide granule proteins required for stress response. SCIADV, 11(13), eads2086. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cells have means to adapt to environmental stresses such as temperature fluctuations, toxins, or nutrient availability. Stress responses, being dynamic, extend beyond transcriptional control and encompass post-transcriptional mechanisms allowing for rapid changes in protein synthesis. Previous research has established headcase as a fundamental gene for stress responses and survival of the Drosophila adult progenitor cells (APCs). However, the molecular role of Headcase has remained elusive. Here, we identify Headcase as a component of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules. We also show that, Headcase is required for proper RNP granule formation and remodeling upon stress and is crucial for translation control. Likewise, the human Headcase homolog (HECA) is identified as a component of RNP granules and has similar roles in translational regulation and stress protection. Thus, Headcase proteins define a new family contributing to specific roles among the RNP heterogeneous network.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Delia Ricolo and Jordi Casanova and Panagiotis Giannios}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2086}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads2086}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Drosophila and human headcase define a new family of ribonucleotide granule proteins required for stress response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Circadian clock is critical for fungal pathogenesis by regulating zinc starvation response and secondary metabolism. SCIADV, 11(13), eads1341. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Circadian clocks are known to modulate host immune responses to pathogen infections, yet their role in influencing pathogen pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of circadian clocks in regulating the pathogenesis of the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum , which has multiple genes homologous to the Neurospora crassa frq due to gene duplication events, with Fofrq1 being the primary circadian clock gene. The pathogenesis of F. oxysporum in plants is controlled by its circadian clock, with infections causing severe disease symptoms at dawn. Notably, disruption of clock genes dramatically reduces fungal pathogenicity. Circadian clocks regulate the rhythmic expression of several transcription factors, including FoZafA, which enables the pathogen to adapt to zinc starvation within the plant, and FoCzf1, which governs the production of the toxin fusaric acid. Together, our findings highlight the critical roles of circadian clocks in F. oxysporum pathogenicity by regulating zinc starvation response and secondary metabolite production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiaojia Lu and Muqun Yu and Xianyun Sun and Xin Zhou and Rui Zhang and Yahao Zhang and Xiao-Lan Liu and Zhanbiao Li and Lei Cai and Hongwei Liu and Shaojie Li and Yunkun Dang and Xiaodong Xu and Qun He and Yi Liu and Xiao Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1341}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eads1341}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Circadian clock is critical for fungal pathogenesis by regulating zinc starvation response and secondary metabolism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Frontal noradrenergic and cholinergic transients exhibit distinct spatiotemporal dynamics during competitive decision-making. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr9916. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh) are crucial for learning and decision-making. In the cortex, NE and ACh are released transiently at specific sites along neuromodulatory axons, but how the spatiotemporal patterns of NE and ACh signaling link to behavioral events is unknown. Here, we use two-photon microscopy to visualize neuromodulatory signals in the premotor cortex (medial M2) as mice engage in a competitive matching pennies game. Spatially, NE signals are more segregated with choice and outcome encoded at distinct locations, whereas ACh signals can multiplex and reflect different behavioral correlates at the same site. Temporally, task-driven NE transients were more synchronized and peaked earlier than ACh transients. To test functional relevance, we stimulated neuromodulatory signals using optogenetics to find that NE, but not ACh, increases the animals’ propensity to explore alternate options. Together, the results reveal distinct subcellular spatiotemporal patterns of ACh and NE transients during decision-making in mice.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hongli Wang and Heather K. Ortega and Emma B. Kelly and Jonathan Indajang and Neil K. Savalia and Samira Glaeser-Khan and Jiesi Feng and Yulong Li and Alfred P. Kaye and Alex C. Kwan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9916}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr9916}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Frontal noradrenergic and cholinergic transients exhibit distinct spatiotemporal dynamics during competitive decision-making}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metal-assisted vacuum transfer enabling in situ visualization of charge density waves in monolayer MoS2. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr9753. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advancements in quantum materials research have focused on monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides and their heterostructures, known for complex electronic phenomena. While macroscopic electrical and magnetic measurements provide valuable insights, understanding these electronic states requires direct experimental observations. Yet, the extreme two-dimensionality of these materials demands surface-sensitive measurements with exceptionally clean surfaces. Here, we present the metal-assisted vacuum transfer method combined with in situ measurements in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), enabling pristine monolayer MoS 2 with ultraclean surfaces unexposed to ambient conditions. Consequently, in situ scanning tunneling microscopy revealed charge density waves (CDWs) in MoS 2 /Cu(111), previously unobserved in monolayer MoS 2 . Additionally, angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy identified notable Fermi surface nesting due to substrate interactions, elucidating the mechanisms behind CDW formation. This method is broadly applicable to other monolayer two-dimensional materials, enabling the high-fidelity in situ UHV characterization and advancing the understanding of correlated electronic behaviors in these material systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jichuang Shen and Xiaopeng Xie and Wenhao Li and Chaoyue Deng and Yaqing Ma and Han Chen and Huixia Fu and Fang-Sen Li and Bingkai Yuan and Chen Ji and Ruihua He and Jiaqi Guan and Wei Kong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9753}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr9753}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metal-assisted vacuum transfer enabling in situ visualization of charge density waves in monolayer MoS2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pregnancy and postpartum dynamics revealed by millions of lab tests. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr7922. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pregnancy and delivery involve dynamic alterations in many physiological systems. However, the physiological dynamics during pregnancy and after delivery have not been systematically analyzed at high temporal resolution in a large human population. Here, we present the dynamics of 76 lab tests based on a cross-sectional analysis of 44 million measurements from over 300,000 pregnancies. We analyzed each test at weekly intervals from 20 weeks preconception to 80 weeks postpartum, providing detailed temporal profiles. About half of the tests take 3 months to a year to return to baseline postpartum, highlighting the physiological load of childbirth. The precision of the data revealed effects of preconception supplements, overshoots after delivery and intricate temporal responses to changes in blood volume and renal filtration rate. Pregnancy complications—gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhage—showed distinct dynamical changes. These results provide a comprehensive dynamic portrait of the systems physiology of pregnancy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alon Bar and Ron Moran and Netta Mendelsohn-Cohen and Yael Korem Kohanim and Avi Mayo and Yoel Toledano and Uri Alon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7922}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr7922}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pregnancy and postpartum dynamics revealed by millions of lab tests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Monitoring microvascular changes over time with a repositionable 3D ultrasonic capacitive micromachined row-column sensor. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr6449. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {eHealth devices, including smartwatches and smart scales, have the potential to transform health care by enabling continuous, real-time monitoring of vital signs over extended periods. Existing technologies, however, lack comprehensive monitoring of the microvascular network, which is linked to conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and small vessel diseases. This study introduces an ultrasound approach using a capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer row-column array for continuous, ultrasensitive three-dimensional (3D) Doppler imaging of microvascular changes such as hemodynamic variations or vascular remodeling. In vitro tests and in vivo studies with healthy volunteers demonstrated the sensor’s ability to image the 3D microvascular network at high resolution over different timescales with automatic registration and to detect microvascular changes with high sensitivity. Integrating this technology into wearable devices could, one day, enhance understanding, monitoring, and possibly early detection of microvascular-related health conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cyprien Blanquart and Léa Davenet and Julien Claisse and Mallorie Giroud and Audren Boulmé and Edgard Jeanne and Mickaël Tanter and Mafalda Correia and Thomas Deffieux}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6449}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr6449}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Monitoring microvascular changes over time with a repositionable 3D ultrasonic capacitive micromachined row-column sensor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). WWC1 mutation drives dopamine dysregulation and synaptic imbalance in tourette’s syndrome. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr4588. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tourette’s syndrome (TS) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by childhood-onset motor and vocal tics. A W88C mutation in WWC1 gene is a notable risk factor for TS, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear due to the lack of suitable animal models. Here, we generate a mutant mouse line with human W88C mutation (W88C Mut mice), which exhibits behavioral deficits similar to those observed in patients with TS, including repetitive motor behaviors and sensorimotor gating abnormalities. The W88C mutation leads to the degradation of kidney and brain (KIBRA) protein via a proteasomal pathway, evokes dopamine release in the dorsal striatum, and disrupts synaptic function through the dysregulation of Hippo pathway. Neuron-specific overexpression of wild-type WWC1 rescues synaptic and behavioral phenotypes in W88C Mut mice. Together, this study not only provides a valuable mouse model for studying TS but also offers fresh insights into the molecular and synaptic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental abnormalities in TS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junkai Lv and Shiqi Liang and Pengwei Qin and Xinlu Liu and Xiangyu Ge and Yiqing Guo and Shili Xia and Wei Jing and Youming Lu and Tongmei Zhang and Hao Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4588}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr4588}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {WWC1 mutation drives dopamine dysregulation and synaptic imbalance in tourette’s syndrome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Physiology and climate change explain unusually high similarity across marine communities after end-permian mass extinction. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr4199. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fossil assemblages exhibit a global depletion in taxonomic distinctiveness in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction (~252 million years ago), but little is known about why. Here, we examine whether biotic homogenization can be explained by tropical survivors tracking an expansion of their preferred habitat, measured in terms of the ratio of environmental oxygen supply to metabolic demand. We compare spatial similarity in community composition among marine invertebrate fossils represented by bivalve and gastropod fossils with predictions from an ecophysiological model of habitat that diagnoses areas in the ocean that can sustain the aerobic requirements of marine invertebrates. Modeled biogeographic responses to climate change yield an increase in global similarity of community composition among surviving ecophysiotypes, consistent with patterns in the fossil record and arguing for a physiological control on earliest Triassic biogeography.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jood A. Al Aswad and Justin L. Penn and Pedro M. Monarrez and Mohamad Bazzi and Curtis Deutsch and Jonathan L. Payne}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4199}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr4199}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Physiology and climate change explain unusually high similarity across marine communities after end-permian mass extinction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Systemic antitumor immune response of doped yttria nanoscintillators under low-dose x-ray irradiation. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr4008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inadequate light penetration in tissues restricts photodynamic therapy to treating only superficial tumors. To enable x-ray–excited photodynamic therapy (XPDT) that targets deep-seated tumors, we synthesized a nanoscintillator-photosensitizer complex containing 5% Eu-doped Y 2 O 3 fluorescing at 611 nanometers and decorated with SiO 2 containing the scintillation-coupled photosensitizer methylene blue and a polyethylene glycol coating [PEGylated Y 2 O 3 :Eu@SiO 2 -methylene blue (pYSM)]. When irradiated, pYSMs generate singlet oxygen species in vitro, causing cytotoxicity with hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (calreticulin translocation to the cell membrane). Intravenously administered pYSMs home passively to pancreatic tumor xenografts and, upon 10 gray irradiation, cause significant tumor regression ( P < 0.01). On combining XPDT with anti-PD1 immunotherapy, a distant nonirradiated tumor also regresses via an increase in intratumoral activated CD8 + cytotoxic T cells. Collectively, we advance a systemically delivered XPDT strategy that mediates an antitumor effect in both irradiated and nonirradiated (abscopal) tumors when coupled with immunotherapy, converting an immunologically “cold” tumor to an immunologically “hot” tumor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Onur Sahin and Yuri Mackeyev and Geraldine V. Vijay and Soumyabrata Roy and Ashokkumar Meiyazhagan and Yasmin Zahra and Okan Tezcan and Valeria Gonzalez and Belal Abousaida and Holden R. Wagner and Pearl Fernandes and Riaz Mowzoon-Mogharrabi and Bhanu P. Venkatesulu and Cheng-En Hsieh and Joseph B. K. Kim and Subhiksha Raghuram and Xiang Zhang and Kristen A. Miller and Guanhui Gao and Pankaj K. Singh and Sang Hyun Cho and Rao V. L. Papineni and Pulickel M. Ajayan and Sunil Krishnan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr4008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Systemic antitumor immune response of doped yttria nanoscintillators under low-dose x-ray irradiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stealth and deception: Adaptive motion camouflage in hunting broadclub cuttlefish. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr3686. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Maintaining camouflage while moving is a challenge faced by many predators. Some exploit background motion to hide while hunting, and others may use coloration and behavior to generate motion noise that impairs detection or recognition. Here, we uncover a unique form of motion camouflage, showing that broadclub cuttlefish pass dark stripes downward across their head and arms to disguise their hunting maneuvers. This “passing-stripe” display reduces the probability of response to predatory expanding stimuli by prey crabs in a lab-based experiment, is modulated according to approach speed during a hunt, and generates a motion pattern that is different from that of looming predators. This form of motion camouflage likely functions by overwhelming the threatening motion of the approaching predator with nonthreatening downward motion generated by the rhythmic stripes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matteo Santon and Jolyon Troscianko and Charlie D. Heatubun and Martin J. How}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3686}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr3686}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stealth and deception: Adaptive motion camouflage in hunting broadclub cuttlefish}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Assessing cancer therapeutic efficacy in vivo using [2H7]glucose deuterium metabolic imaging. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr0568. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolic imaging produces powerful visual assessments of organ function in vivo. Current techniques can be improved by safely increasing metabolic contrast. The gold standard, 2-[ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging, is limited by radioactive exposure and sparse assessment of metabolism beyond glucose uptake and retention. Deuterium magnetic resonance imaging (DMRI) with [6,6- 2 H 2 ]glucose is nonradioactive, achieves tumor metabolic contrast, but can be improved by enriched contrast from deuterated water (HDO) based imaging. Here, we developed a DMRI protocol employing [ 2 H 7 ]glucose. Imaging 2 H-signal and measuring HDO production in tumor-bearing mice detected differential glucose utilization across baseline tumors, tumors treated with vehicle control or anti-glycolytic BRAFi and MEKi therapy, and contralateral healthy tissue. Control tumors generated the most 2 H-signal and HDO. To our knowledge this is the first application of DMRI with [ 2 H 7 ]glucose for tumoral treatment monitoring. This approach demonstrates HDO as a marker of tumor glucose utilization and suggests translational capability in humans due to its safety, noninvasiveness, and suitability for serial monitoring.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mario C. Chang and Vinay R. Malut and Rohit Mahar and Anna Rushin and Marc A. McLeod and Geraldine L. Pierre and Indu R. Malut and Stephen J. Staklinski and Max E. Glanz and Mukundan Ragavan and Gaurav Sharma and Manoj Madheswaran and Arshee Badar and Aparna D. Rao and Brian K. Law and Michael S. Kilberg and James H. P. Collins and Vikram D. Kodibagkar and James A. Bankson and Ralph J. DeBerardinis and Matthew E. Merritt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0568}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr0568}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Assessing cancer therapeutic efficacy in vivo using [2H7]glucose deuterium metabolic imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A memristor-based unified PUF and TRNG chip with a concealable ability for advanced edge security. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr0112. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Security primitives ensure Internet of Things (IoT) security by generating stable keys from physically unclonable functions (PUFs) and unpredictable bitstreams from true random number generators (TRNGs). Considering the restricted resources on IoT motes, a promising design trend is to unify PUF and TRNG by sharing the same entropy source and multiplexing entropy extractor. Here, we report a unified PUF and TRNG chip based on a 28-nanometer embedded memristor with concealable ability. We use the memristor intrinsic FORMING condition variation and read current variation as entropy sources and design a compact on-chip entropy extractor that achieves a high throughput of 41.7 megabits per second with minimal area overhead of 0.291 MF 2 . To prevent PUF data leakage, we developed a concealment method, protecting data when idle and enabling recovery upon demand. Comprehensive testing shows the chip has excellent performance in randomness, reliability, lifetime, and stability, achieving a 3.82-fold throughput improvement over complementary metal-oxide semiconductor–based designs in authentication tasks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueqi Li and Bohan Lin and Bin Gao and Yuyao Lu and Siyao Yang and Zhiqiang Su and Ting-Ying Shen and Jianshi Tang and He Qian and Huaqiang Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0112}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr0112}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A memristor-based unified PUF and TRNG chip with a concealable ability for advanced edge security}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Astrobiological implications of the stability and reactivity of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in concentrated sulfuric acid. SCIADV, 11(13), eadr0006. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent renewed interest regarding the possibility of life in the Venusian clouds has led to new studies on organic chemistry in concentrated sulfuric acid. However, life requires complex genetic polymers for biological function. Therefore, finding suitable candidates for genetic polymers stable in concentrated sulfuric acid is a necessary first step to establish that biologically functional macromolecules can exist in this environment. We explore peptide nucleic acid (PNA) as a candidate for a genetic-like polymer in a hypothetical sulfuric acid biochemistry. PNA hexamers undergo between 0.4 and 28.6% degradation in 98% (w/w) sulfuric acid at ~25°C, over the span of 14 days, depending on the sequence, but undergo complete solvolysis above 80°C. Our work is the first key step toward the identification of a genetic-like polymer that is stable in this unique solvent and further establishes that concentrated sulfuric acid can sustain a diverse range of organic chemistry that might be the basis of a form of life different from Earth’s.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Janusz J. Petkowski and Sara Seager and Maxwell D. Seager and William Bains and Nittert Marinus and Mael Poizat and Chad Plumet and Jim van Wiltenburg and Ton Visser and Martin Poelert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0006}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadr0006}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Astrobiological implications of the stability and reactivity of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in concentrated sulfuric acid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Proteogenomic discovery of RB1-defective phenocopy in cancer predicts disease outcome, response to treatment, and therapeutic targets. SCIADV, 11(13), eadq9495. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Genomic defects caused by truncating mutations or deletions in the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) are frequently observed in many cancer types leading to dysregulation of the RB pathway. Here, we propose an integrative proteogenomic approach that predicts cancers with dysregulation in the RB pathway. A subset of these cancers, which we term as “RBness,” lack RB1 genomic defects and yet phenocopy the transcriptional profile of RB1 -defective cancers. We report RBness as a pan-cancer phenomenon, associated with patient outcome and chemotherapy response in multiple cancer types, and predictive of CDK4/6 inhibitor response in estrogen-positive breast cancer. Using RNA interference and a CRISPR-Cas9 screen in isogenic models, we find that RBness cancers also phenocopy synthetic lethal vulnerabilities of cells with RB1 genomic defects. In summary, our findings suggest that dysregulation of the RB pathway in cancers lacking RB1 genomic defects provides a molecular rationale for how these cancers could be treated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacopo Iacovacci and Rachel Brough and Fatemeh Ahmadi Moughari and John Alexander and Harriet Kemp and Andrew N. J. Tutt and Rachael Natrajan and Christopher J. Lord and Syed Haider}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9495}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadq9495}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Proteogenomic discovery of RB1-defective phenocopy in cancer predicts disease outcome, response to treatment, and therapeutic targets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Demographic bias of expert-level vision-language foundation models in medical imaging. SCIADV, 11(13), eadq0305. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved expert-level performance in medical imaging applications. Notably, self-supervised vision-language foundation models can detect a broad spectrum of pathologies without relying on explicit training annotations. However, it is crucial to ensure that these AI models do not mirror or amplify human biases, disadvantaging historically marginalized groups such as females or Black patients. In this study, we investigate the algorithmic fairness of state-of-the-art vision-language foundation models in chest x-ray diagnosis across five globally sourced datasets. Our findings reveal that compared to board-certified radiologists, these foundation models consistently underdiagnose marginalized groups, with even higher rates seen in intersectional subgroups such as Black female patients. Such biases present over a wide range of pathologies and demographic attributes. Further analysis of the model embedding uncovers its substantial encoding of demographic information. Deploying medical AI systems with biases can intensify preexisting care disparities, posing potential challenges to equitable healthcare access and raising ethical questions about their clinical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuzhe Yang and Yujia Liu and Xin Liu and Avanti Gulhane and Domenico Mastrodicasa and Wei Wu and Edward J. Wang and Dushyant Sahani and Shwetak Patel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0305}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadq0305}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Demographic bias of expert-level vision-language foundation models in medical imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ocean alkalinity destruction by anthropogenic seafloor disturbances generates a hidden CO2 emission. SCIADV, 11(13), eadp9112. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The seafloor is responsible for 40% of the alkalinity input to the ocean, thus contributing to the ocean’s capacity to sequester atmospheric CO 2 . Anthropogenic seafloor disturbances induced by mobile bottom-contact fishing and dredging influence this natural carbon sink, yet the human impact on the ocean’s alkalinity cycle remains poorly quantified. Model simulations show that the combined impact of mobile bottom-contact fishing (e.g., trawling) and dredging reduces natural alkalinity generation by 60 to 220 gigaequivalent year −1 , which is equivalent to a reduction of the natural marine carbon sink by 2 to 8 teragrams CO 2 year −1 . Alkalinity destruction by anthropogenic seafloor disturbance hence generates a hidden CO 2 emission, of which the impact is comparable to the estimated reduction of organic carbon burial by mobile bottom-contact fishing. Our analysis emphasizes that carbon accounting in marine systems should consider the anthropogenic impact on both the organic and inorganic carbon cycles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sebastiaan J. van de Velde and Astrid Hylén and Filip J. R. Meysman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9112}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadp9112}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ocean alkalinity destruction by anthropogenic seafloor disturbances generates a hidden CO2 emission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perturbed cell fate decision by schizophrenia-associated AS3MTd2d3 isoform during corticogenesis. SCIADV, 11(13), eadp8271. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia emphasizes early brain development in its etiology. Genome-wide association studies have linked schizophrenia to genetic variations of AS3MT (arsenite methyltransferase) gene, particularly the increased expression of AS3MT d2d3 isoform. To investigate the biological basis of this association with schizophrenia pathophysiology, we established a transgenic mouse model (AS3MT d2d3 -Tg) ectopically expressing AS3MT d2d3 at the cortical neural stem cells. AS3MT d2d3 -Tg mice exhibited enlarged ventricles and deficits in sensorimotor gating and sociability. Single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing analyses of AS3MT d2d3 -Tg brains revealed cell fate imbalances and altered excitatory neuron composition. AS3MT d2d3 localized to centrosome, disrupting mitotic spindle orientation and differentiation in developing neocortex and organoids, in part through NPM1 (Nucleophosmin 1). The structural analysis identified that hydrophobic residues exposed in AS3MT d2d3 are critical for its pathogenic function. Therefore, our findings may help to explain the early pathological features of schizophrenia.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seunghyun Kim and Youngsik Woo and Dahun Um and Inseop Chun and Su-Jin Noh and Hyeon Ah Ji and Namyoung Jung and Bon Seong Goo and Jin Yeong Yoo and Dong Jin Mun and Tran Diem Nghi and Truong Thi My Nhung and Seung Hyeon Han and Su Been Lee and Wonhyeok Lee and Jonghyeok Yun and Ki Hurn So and Dae-Kyum Kim and Hyunsoo Jang and Yeongjun Suh and Jong-Cheol Rah and Seung Tae Baek and Ki-Jun Yoon and Min-Sung Kim and Tae-Kyung Kim and Sang Ki Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8271}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadp8271}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perturbed cell fate decision by schizophrenia-associated AS3MTd2d3 isoform during corticogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Activity-dependent regulation of cdc42 by ephexin5 drives synapse growth and stabilization. SCIADV, 11(13), eadp5782. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synaptic Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) play vital roles in regulating the activity-dependent neuronal plasticity that is critical for learning. Ephexin5, a RhoGEF implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and Angelman syndrome, was originally reported in neurons as a RhoA-specific GEF that negatively regulates spine synapse density. Here, we show that Ephexin5 activates both RhoA and Cdc42 in the brain. Furthermore, using live imaging of GTPase biosensors, we demonstrate that Ephexin5 regulates activity-dependent Cdc42, but not RhoA, signaling at single synapses. The selectivity of Ephexin5 for Cdc42 activation is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation, which is regulated by neuronal activity. Last, in contrast to Ephexin5’s role in negatively regulating synapse density, we show that, downstream of neuronal activity, Ephexin5 positively regulates synaptic growth and stabilization. Our results support a model in which plasticity-inducing neuronal activity regulates Ephexin5 tyrosine phosphorylation, driving Ephexin5-mediated activation of Cdc42 and the spine structural growth and stabilization vital for learning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samuel Petshow and Azariah Coblentz and Andrew M. Hamilton and Dipannita Sarkar and Margarita Anisimova and Juan C. Flores and Karen Zito}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5782}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadp5782}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Activity-dependent regulation of cdc42 by ephexin5 drives synapse growth and stabilization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Permafrost thawing under overlaying salt water. SCIADV, 11(13), eadp2808. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thawing of permafrost substantially affects the local environment and global energy balance. When salt water overlays permafrost, Rayleigh-Darcy (R-D) instability emerges because of the density mismatch and regulates melting (thawing) dynamics. Contrary to expectations that a higher Rayleigh number ( R ) would amplify instability, our experiments revealed fingering and stable melting fronts at low and high R , respectively. We attribute the occurrence of the two melting patterns to the interplay between two competing flow structures: local circumfluence modulated by front perturbation and transversal chaotic mixing. We propose theories that rationalize the melting pattern transition and finger-scale evolution. In addition, the classic mass transport theory for R-D convection drastically underestimates the melting rate and misses key variable(s). The presence of fingering patterns and accelerated dynamics may have led to earlier penetration of the permafrost layer than previously anticipated. These findings have implications for understanding similar processes in magma migration, carbon sequestration, and subsurface energy recovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yumin Wang and Jin-Han Xie and Wei Yang and Xiaotian Li and Zulikaer Abulaiti and Shuai Zheng and Jingwei Zhu and Ke Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2808}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadp2808}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Permafrost thawing under overlaying salt water}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tempests in the troposphere: Mapping the impact of giant storms on jupiter’s deep atmosphere. SCIADV, 11(13), eado9779. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Storms are emerging as key drivers in shaping hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. Trace gas condensation can suppress convection and disrupt the distribution of energy and material in hydrogen atmospheres. On Jupiter, the presence of water has been invoked to control the occurrence of large-scale storms; however, the impact of storms on the ammonia and temperature distribution is unknown. We use Juno Microwave Radiometer observations of a large-scale storm in 2017 to study the aftermath of such a storm on the atmosphere. Anomalies in the retrieved ammonia abundance and atmospheric temperature show how storms deplete and heat the upper atmosphere while simultaneously depositing material well below the layers they were triggered at. These observations, aided by simulations, show that the water and ammonia cycles are coupled and that their combined effect plays a key role in explaining the depletion of ammonia in the tropospheres of Jupiter and Saturn.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chris Moeckel and Huazhi Ge and Imke de Pater}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9779}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eado9779}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tempests in the troposphere: Mapping the impact of giant storms on jupiter’s deep atmosphere}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A dual chemodrug-loaded hyaluronan nanogel for differentiation induction therapy of refractory AML via disrupting lysosomal homeostasis. SCIADV, 11(13), eado3923. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (rrAML) is a malignant blood cancer with an extremely poor prognosis, largely ascribed to the drug-resistant leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Most patients suffer from a risk of difficult-to-cure as well as severe systemic toxicity when receiving standard chemotherapies. As hyaluronic acid (HA) is a specific ligand of CD44 highly expressed by LSCs, we had HA self-assembled with cisplatin and daunorubicin to form a dual chemodrug nanogel (HA/Cis/Dau) to afford the targeted therapeutic interventions of rrAML. HA/Cis/Dau displayed an extra therapeutic function of inducing the granulocyte-monocyte differentiation in CD44 + rrAML cells, an rrAML mouse model, and primary blasts isolated from patients with AML. Unlike free drugs directly diffusing and killing rrAML cells, HA/Cis/Dau transported the drugs into lysosomes, causing lysosomal membrane permeabilization, ROS accumulation, and thus a metabolic reprogramming of the rrAML cells. Moreover, HA/Cis/Dau was featured with alleviated side effects, ease of preparation, and cost effectiveness, therefore holding great promises for the targeted treatment of rrAML.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shilin Xu and Tao Wang and Xuechun Hu and Hong Deng and Yiyi Zhang and Lei Xu and Yang Zeng and Jia Yu and Weiqi Zhang and Lin Wang and Haiyan Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado3923}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eado3923}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A dual chemodrug-loaded hyaluronan nanogel for differentiation induction therapy of refractory AML via disrupting lysosomal homeostasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The emergence of human primordial germ cell–like cells in stem cell–derived gastruloids. SCIADV, 11(13), eado1350. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most advances in early human postimplantation development depend on animal studies and stem cell–based embryo models. Here, we present self-organized three-dimensional human gastruloids (hGs) derived from embryonic stem cells. The transcriptome profile of day 3 hGs aligned with Carnegie stage 7 human gastrula, with cell types and differentiation trajectories consistent with human gastrulation. Notably, we observed the emergence of nascent primordial germ cell–like cells (PGCLCs), but without exogenous bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, which is essential for the PGCLC fate. A mutation in the ISL1 gene affects amnion-like cells and leads to a loss of PGCLCs; the addition of exogenous BMP2 rescues the PGCLC fate, indicating that the amnion may provide endogenous BMP signaling. Our model of early human embryogenesis will enable further exploration of the germ line and other early human lineages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jitesh Neupane and Gabriele Lubatti and Theresa Gross-Thebing and Mayra Luisa Ruiz Tejada Segura and Richard Butler and Sargon Gross-Thebing and Sabine Dietmann and Antonio Scialdone and M. Azim Surani}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1350}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eado1350}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The emergence of human primordial germ cell–like cells in stem cell–derived gastruloids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanoscale engineering and dynamic stabilization of mesoscopic spin textures. SCIADV, 11(13), eadn9021. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thermalization, while ubiquitous in physics, has traditionally been viewed as an obstacle to be mitigated. In contrast, we demonstrate here the use of thermalization in the generation, control, and readout of “shell-like” spin textures with interacting 13 C nuclear spins in diamond, wherein spins are polarized oppositely on either side of a critical radius. The textures span several nanometers and encompass many hundred spins; they are created and interrogated without manipulating the nuclear spins individually. Long-time stabilization is achieved via prethermalization to a Floquet-engineered Hamiltonian under the electronic gradient field: The texture is therefore metastable and robust against spin diffusion. This enables the state to endure over multiple minutes before it decays. Our work on spin-state engineering paves the way for applications in quantum simulation and nanoscale imaging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kieren Harkins and Christoph Fleckenstein and Noella D’Souza and Paul M. Schindler and David Marchiori and Claudia Artiaco and Quentin Reynard-Feytis and Ushoshi Basumallick and William Beatrez and Arjun Pillai and Matthias Hagn and Aniruddha Nayak and Samantha Breuer and Xudong Lv and Maxwell McAllister and Paul Reshetikhin and Emanuel Druga and Marin Bukov and Ashok Ajoy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn9021}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {13}, pages = {eadn9021}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanoscale engineering and dynamic stabilization of mesoscopic spin textures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Combinatorial screening of biochemical and physical signals for phenotypic regulation of stem cell–based cartilage tissue engineering” by j. lee et al.. SCIADV, 11(12), eadx1795. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Combinatorial screening of biochemical and physical signals for phenotypic regulation of stem cell–based cartilage tissue engineering” by J. Lee et al. contained an error in the Supplementary Materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1795}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadx1795}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Combinatorial screening of biochemical and physical signals for phenotypic regulation of stem cell–based cartilage tissue engineering” by j. lee et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Ex vivo expansion and hydrogel-mediated in vivo delivery of tissue-resident memory t cells for immunotherapy” by s. li et al.. SCIADV, 11(12), eadx1775. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of Fig. 3A in the Research Article “Ex vivo expansion and hydrogel-mediated in vivo delivery of tissue-resident memory T cells for immunotherapy” by S. Li et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx1775}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadx1775}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Ex vivo expansion and hydrogel-mediated in vivo delivery of tissue-resident memory t cells for immunotherapy” by s. li et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PPDPF: Preventing kidney disease through NAD+ regulation. SCIADV, 11(12), eadw6815. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Researchers have discovered PPDPF, a critical cellular factor that controls NAD + biosynthesis, whose function is important to prevent kidney diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shin-ichiro Imai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw6815}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadw6815}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PPDPF: Preventing kidney disease through NAD+ regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chiral ruthenium complex/Ph2P(2-furyl)–catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of aryl aldehyde hydrazones to simple ketones. SCIADV, 11(12), eadv0095. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {An efficient synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols through asymmetric nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehyde hydrazones to simple ketones (especially aryl/methyl ketones) has been well established. Aryl aldehydes could be used as latent benzyl carbanion equivalents via reductive polarity reversal. The key to the success of the asymmetric reaction was the combination of an achiral monophosphine ligand Ph 2 P(2-furyl) with a chiral diamine derivative, which enhanced the enantioselectivity and reactivity. Density functional theory calculations revealed the hydrogen bond interactions between the chiral diamine derivative, the achiral monophosphine ligand, and the base anion, which combined to induce the desired enantioselectivity. Moreover, further synthetic transformation of tertiary alcohols with high chirality transfer was also demonstrated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenghao Zhu and Zihao Ye and Haining Wang and Da Ma and Zhiming Li and Chao-Jun Li and Junliang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0095}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadv0095}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chiral ruthenium complex/Ph2P(2-furyl)–catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of aryl aldehyde hydrazones to simple ketones}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enantioselective electrochemical nickel-catalyzed vinylogous radical reactions. SCIADV, 11(12), eadu5594. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Highly functionalized structural motifs with extended chiral carbon chains are prevalent in a wide range of bioactive compounds and play critical roles in the production of various functionalized molecules. Here, we describe a nickel-catalyzed asymmetric radical-based electrochemical functionalization of silyl polyenolates at α-, γ-, ε-, and η-positions. Driven by electric current, this methodology provides a sustainable route to access enantioenriched dicarbonyls via vinylogous radical pathways. It demonstrates excellent functional groups tolerance, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate compatibility, formation of quaternary stereocenters at remote positions, and high levels of regio- and enantioselectivity (up to 98% enantiomeric excess). Mechanistic investigations indicate that ferrocene-based electron transfer mediators are pivotal in the anodic oxidation process, facilitating the generation of nickel-bound α-carbonyl radicals while suppressing the undesired oxidation of silyl polyenolates, thus guiding the selection of mediators for electrocatalytic systems. The versatility of catalytic asymmetric electrosynthesis is highlighted by the preparation of valuable enantioenriched building blocks and the total synthesis of (-)-ethosuximide.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiayin Zhang and Minghao Liu and Wenyuan Zhang and Chang Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5594}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadu5594}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enantioselective electrochemical nickel-catalyzed vinylogous radical reactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An ICU-grade breathable cardiac electronic skin for health, diagnostics, and intraoperative and postoperative monitoring. SCIADV, 11(12), eadu3146. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cardiovascular digital health technologies potentially outperform traditional clinical equipment through their noninvasive, on-body, and portable monitoring with mass cardiac data beyond the confines of inpatient settings. However, existing cardiovascular wearables have difficulty with providing medical-grade accuracy with a chronically comfortable and stable patient/consumer device interface for reliable clinical decision-making. Here, we develop an intensive care unit (ICU)–grade breathable cardiac electronic skin system (BreaCARES) for real-time, wireless, continuous, and comfortable cardiac care. BreaCARES enables a novel digital cardiac care platform for health care, outpatient diagnostics, stable intraoperative monitoring during heart surgery, and continuous and comfortable inpatient postoperative cardiac care, exhibiting ICU-grade accuracy while having superior anti-interference stability, portability, and long-term on-skin biocompatibility to the clinically and commercially available cardiac monitors in cardiovascular ICUs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiuna Zhuang and Kuanming Yao and Xian Song and Qiang Zhang and Chi Zhang and Huiming Wang and Ruofan Yang and Guangyao Zhao and Shanghang Li and Haihua Shu and Qiyao Huang and Yunfei Chai and Xinge Yu and Zijian Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3146}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadu3146}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An ICU-grade breathable cardiac electronic skin for health, diagnostics, and intraoperative and postoperative monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Simultaneous head-mounted imaging of neural and hemodynamic activities at high spatiotemporal resolution in freely behaving mice. SCIADV, 11(12), eadu1153. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exploring the relationship between neural activity and cerebral hemoglobin-oxygenation responses in freely behaving mice can advance our understanding of neurovascular coupling. Head-mounted microscopes enable neuroimaging in freely behaving mice; however, investigating neurovascular dynamics remains challenging because of a lack of hemodynamic information, especially blood oxygenation, or insufficient resolution. Here, we report a head-mounted microscope for neurovascular imaging that enables the simultaneous recording of neuronal burst firing and multiparametric hemodynamics such as vascular oxygen saturation at high spatiotemporal resolution. The 1.7-gram lightweight microscope integrates confocal fluorescence and photoacoustic microscopy, allowing recordings at 0.78 hertz with 1.5-micrometer lateral resolution across a field of view of 400 micrometers by 400 micrometers. We identified cell type–specific neurovascular responses to hypoxic challenges, observed active regulation of arterioles during sensory stimuli, and detected abnormal oxygen depletion and vasodilation preceding burst neuronal discharges in epileptic disorders. This technique provides valuable insights into neurovascular coupling and holds potential for studying the pathology of neurological brain diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ningbo Chen and Zhiqiang Xu and Zheng Song and Jiuling Liao and Hongdong Zhang and Jiahao Li and Taofeng Wu and Weilei Ma and Tiancheng Lei and Liangjian Liu and Guangying Ma and Hui Liao and Shiwei Ye and Jing Meng and Liang Song and Puxiang Lai and Yingjie Zhu and Kenneth K. Y. Wong and Hairong Zheng and Wei Zheng and Chengbo Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1153}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadu1153}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Simultaneous head-mounted imaging of neural and hemodynamic activities at high spatiotemporal resolution in freely behaving mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultranarrow-linewidth wavelength-vortex metasurface holography. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt9159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metasurface holograms harness multiple degrees of freedom of light to enhance information channel capacity. Traditionally, wavelength multiplexing holography with high-capacity information channel was only achievable through 3D volume holograms using Bragg diffraction. Here, we demonstrate ultranarrow-linewidth wavelength-vortex multiplexing holography in metasurface holograms. By applying elementary dispersion engineering, we develop a sparse k -vector–filtering aperture array in momentum space, enabling sharp wavelength selectivity combined with orbital angular momentum selectivity. Further leveraging transformer neural networks for the design of phase-only holograms, we showcase the reconstruction of up to 118 independent images from a single hologram, achieving a simulated ultranarrow linewidth of 2 nanometers within the visible range. We apply these developed metasurface holograms for holographic visual cryptography, attaining unprecedented security levels with an information rate over 2500 times higher than traditional methods. Our results open exciting avenues for the application of metasurface holograms in various fields, including 3D displays, holographic encryption, and optical artificial intelligence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weijia Meng and Johannes E. Fröch and Ke Cheng and Dapu Pi and Baoli Li and Arka Majumdar and Stefan A. Maier and Haoran Ren and Min Gu and Xinyuan Fang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt9159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultranarrow-linewidth wavelength-vortex metasurface holography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A plant peptide with dual activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt8239. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a major threat to public health, and additional sources of antibacterial candidates are urgently needed. Noncanonical peptides (NCPs), derived from noncanonical small open reading frames, represent small biological molecules with important roles in biology. However, the antibacterial activity of NCPs remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered a plant-derived noncanonical antibacterial peptide (NCBP1) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. NCBP1 is composed of 11 amino acid residues with cationic surface potential and favorable safety and stability. Mechanistic studies revealed that NCBP1 displayed antibacterial activity by targeting phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in bacterial membrane, resulting in membrane damage and dysfunction. Notably, NCBP1 showed promising efficacy in mice. Furthermore, NCBP1 effectively inhibited the growth of plant fungal pathogens and enhanced disease resistance in maize. Our results demonstrate the unexplored antimicrobial potential of plant-derived NCPs and provide an accessible source for the discovery of antimicrobial substances against MDR bacterial and fungal pathogens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueyan Chen and Meirong Song and Lei Tian and Xinxin Shan and Changsi Mao and Minghui Chen and Jiaqi Zhao and Abdul Sami and Haoqiang Yin and Usman Ali and Jiawei Shi and Hehuan Li and Yuqian Zhang and Jinghua Zhang and Shunxi Wang and Chun-Lin Shi and Yanhui Chen and Xiang-Dang Du and Kui Zhu and Liuji Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8239}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt8239}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A plant peptide with dual activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence sensitizers for highly efficient hyperfluorescence OLEDs. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt7899. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are promising candidates for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high color quality. However, in most cases, noble metal–containing phosphors are required as sensitizers for MR-TADF emitters to improve their electroluminescence (EL) performances, which may lead to high cost and environmental pollution. Herein, an efficient purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) material, 3,2-PIC-TXT, with fast phosphorescence radiation is developed. It not only exhibits impressive EL performances as an emitter with an outstanding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 33.2%, higher than that of Ir(ppy) 3 (25.2%), but also functions remarkably as a sensitizer for green MR-TADF emitters (BN2, tCzphB-Ph, and tCzphB-Fl). The hyperfluorescence OLEDs using 3,2-PIC-TXT as a sensitizer provide ultrahigh EQEs of 40.9 to 43.8%, superior to those based on an Ir(ppy) 3 sensitizer (37.0 to 38.0%), along with superb color purity and excellent operational stability. These OLEDs are the best devices based on RTP materials reported so far.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiajie Zeng and Shaoxin Song and Yan Fu and Xiaoluo Peng and Ben Zhong Tang and Zujin Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7899}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt7899}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence sensitizers for highly efficient hyperfluorescence OLEDs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Particle-armored liquid robots. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt5888. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {It is challenging to emulate biological forms and functions with artificial machines: Fluidity and adaptability seen in cellular organisms, characterized by their ability to deform, split, merge, and engulf, are hard to recapitulate with traditional rigid robotic structures. A promising avenue to tackle this problem is harnessing the supreme deformability of liquids while providing stable yet flexible shells around them. Here, we report a highly robust liquid-particle composite, named a Particle-armored liquid roBot (PB), featuring a liquid blob coated with unusually abundant superhydrophobic particles. The enhanced deformability and structural stability of our millimetric PBs enable a range of versatile robotic functions, such as navigating through complex environments, engulfing and transporting cargoes, merging, and adapting to various environments. We use both theoretical analysis and experimental approaches to develop a framework for predicting the shape evolution, dynamics, and robotic functions of PBs. The forms and functions of our liquid robots mark an essential hallmark toward miniature biomachines that perform like cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyobin Jeon and Keunhwan Park and Jeong-Yun Sun and Ho-Young Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5888}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt5888}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Particle-armored liquid robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate warming and heatwaves accelerate global lake deoxygenation. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt5369. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A widespread decline in dissolved oxygen (DO) has been observed in rivers, temperate lakes, and oceans, yet the impacts of climatic warming on global lake deoxygenation remain unclear. Here, we train data-driven models using climatic data, satellite images, and geographic factors to reconstruct surface DO and quantify the climatic contribution to DO variations in 15,535 lakes from 2003 to 2023. Our analysis indicates a continuous deoxygenation in 83% of the studied lakes. The mean deoxygenation rate in global lakes (−0.049 milligrams per liter per decade) is faster than that observed in the oceans and in rivers. By decreasing solubility, climatic warming contributes 55% of global lake deoxygenation. Meanwhile, heatwaves exert rapid influences on DO decline, resulting in a 7.7% deoxygenation compared to that observed under climatological mean temperatures. By the end of the century, global lake DO is projected to decrease by 0.41 milligrams per liter (4.3%) under SSP2-4.5 and 0.86 milligrams per liter (8.8%) under SSP5-8.5 scenarios.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yibo Zhang and Kun Shi and R. Iestyn Woolway and Xiwen Wang and Yunlin Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5369}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt5369}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate warming and heatwaves accelerate global lake deoxygenation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Skin-attached haptic patch for versatile and augmented tactile interaction. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt4839. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wearable tactile interfaces can enhance immersive experiences in virtual/augmented reality systems by adding tactile stimulation to the skin along with the visual and auditory information delivered to the user. We introduce a flat cone dielectric elastomer actuator (FCDEA) array that is thin, soft, and capable of producing spatiotemporally adjustable and large static-to-dynamic force in response to electric voltage signals on large areas of the skin. Integration of the FCDEA array into a photomicrosensor array enables the implementation of a wearable wireless communication haptic patch. We demonstrate that the developed haptic patch allows users to communicate tactile information in real time while maintaining conformal contact with the skin. The haptic patch can also express the topology of 3D structures and render textures of virtual objects in response to localized vibration of the FCDEA array. We expect that the developed haptic patch will provide an immersive touching experience in virtual reality and facilitate tactile communication between users in various applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jung-Hwan Youn and Seung-Yeon Jang and Inwook Hwang and Qibing Pei and Sungryul Yun and Ki-Uk Kyung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4839}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt4839}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Skin-attached haptic patch for versatile and augmented tactile interaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cascaded-mode interferometers: Spectral shape and linewidth engineering. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt4154. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interferometers are essential tools for measuring and shaping optical fields, widely used in optical metrology, sensing, laser physics, and quantum mechanics. They superimpose waves with a mutual phase delay, modifying light intensity. A frequency-dependent phase delay enables spectral shaping for filtering, routing, wave shaping, or multiplexing. Conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometers generate sinusoidal output intensities, limiting spectral engineering capabilities. Here, we propose a framework that uses interference of multiple transverse modes within a single multimode waveguide to achieve arbitrary spectral shapes in a compact geometry. Designed corrugated gratings couple these modes, enabling energy exchange akin to a beam splitter for easy multimode handling. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate spectra with independently tunable linewidth and free spectral range, along with distinct spectral shapes for various transverse modes. Our method applies to orthogonal modes of different orders, polarization, and angular momentum, offering potential for sensing, calibration, metrology, and computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinsheng Lu and Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus and Vincent Ginis and Marcus Ossiander and Federico Capasso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4154}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt4154}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cascaded-mode interferometers: Spectral shape and linewidth engineering}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lensless imaging with a programmable fresnel zone aperture. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt3909. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical imaging has long been dominated by traditional lens-based systems that, despite their success, are inherently limited by size, weight, and cost. Lensless imaging seeks to overcome these limitations by replacing lenses with thinner, lighter, and cheaper optical modulators and reconstructing images computationally, while facing trade-offs in image quality, artifacts, and flexibility inherent in traditional static modulation. Here, we propose a lensless imaging method with programmable Fresnel zone aperture (FZA), termed LIP. With a commercial liquid crystal display, we designed an integrated LIP module and demonstrated its capability of high-quality artifact-free reconstruction through dynamic modulation and offset-FZA parallel merging. Compared to static-modulation approaches, LIP achieves a 2.5× resolution enhancement and a 3 decibels improvement in signal-to-noise ratio in “static mode” while maintaining an interaction frame rate of 15 frames per second in “dynamic mode.” Experimental results demonstrate LIP’s potential as a miniaturized platform for versatile advanced imaging tasks like virtual reality and human-computer interaction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xu Zhang and Bowen Wang and Sheng Li and Kunyao Liang and Haitao Guan and Qian Chen and Chao Zuo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3909}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt3909}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lensless imaging with a programmable fresnel zone aperture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reducing hepatitis c diagnostic disparities with a fully automated deep learning–enabled microfluidic system for HCV antigen detection. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt3803. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viral hepatitis remains a major global health issue, with chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) causing approximately 1 million deaths annually, primarily due to liver cancer and cirrhosis. More than 1.5 million people contract HCV each year, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations, including American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). While direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective, timely and accurate HCV diagnosis remains a challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. The current two-step HCV testing process is costly and time-intensive, often leading to patient loss before treatment. Point-of-care (POC) HCV antigen (Ag) testing offers a promising alternative, but no FDA-approved test meets the required sensitivity and specificity. To address this, we developed a fully automated, smartphone-based POC HCV Ag assay using platinum nanoparticles, deep learning image processing, and microfluidics. With an overall accuracy of 94.59%, this cost-effective, portable device has the potential to reduce HCV-related health disparities, particularly among AI/AN populations, improving accessibility and equity in care.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Chen and Yuxin Gao and Gaojian Li and Manasvi Alam and Srisruthi Udayakumar and Qazi Noorul Mateen and Sahar Rostamian and Katherine Cilley and Sungwan Kim and Giwon Cho and Juyong Gwak and Yixuan Song and Joseph Michael Hardie and Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy and Hemanth Kandula and Prudhvi Thirumalaraju and Younseong Song and Azim Parandakh and Arafeh Bigdeli and Gregory P. Fricker and Jenna Gustafson and Raymond T. Chung and Jorge Mera and Hadi Shafiee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3803}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt3803}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reducing hepatitis c diagnostic disparities with a fully automated deep learning–enabled microfluidic system for HCV antigen detection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A low-temperature, one-step synthesis for monazite can transform monazite into a readily usable advanced nuclear waste form. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt3518. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {It has been demonstrated that monazite-type materials are excellent candidates for nuclear waste forms, and hence, their facile synthesis is of great importance for the needed sequestration of existing nuclear waste. The synthesis of monazite, LaPO 4 , requires inconveniently high temperatures near 1000°C and generally involves the conversion of the presynthesized rhabdophane, LaPO 4 •nH 2 O, to the LaPO 4 monazite phase. During this structure transformation, the rhabdophane converts irreversibly to the thermodynamically stable monoclinic monazite structure. A low-temperature (185° to 260°C) mild hydrothermal acid-promoted synthesis of monazite is described that can both transform presynthesized rhabdophane or assemble reagents to the monoclinic monazite structure. The pH dependence of this reaction is detailed, and its applicability to the Ln PO 4 ( Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm-Gd), Ca 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 , and Sr 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 systems is discussed. The crystal growth of Ca 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 and Sr 0.5 Th 0.5 PO 4 is described, and their crystal structures were reported. In situ x-ray diffraction studies, performed as a function of temperature, provide insight into the structure transformation process.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunping Zhoujin and Hunter B. Tisdale and Navindra Keerthisinghe and Gregory Morrison and Mark D. Smith and Joke Hadermann and Theodore M. Besmann and Jake Amoroso and Hans-Conrad zur Loye}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3518}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt3518}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A low-temperature, one-step synthesis for monazite can transform monazite into a readily usable advanced nuclear waste form}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interfering with proton and electron transfer enables antibacterial starvation therapy. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt3159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Implant-associated infections are urgently addressed; however, existing materials are difficult to kill bacteria without damaging cells. Here, we propose an innovative concept of selective antibacterial starvation therapy based on interfering with proton and electron transfer on the bacterial membrane. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, a special Schottky heterojunction film composed of gold and alkaline magnesium-iron mixed metal oxides (Au/MgFe-MMO) was constructed on the titanium implant. Once bacteria contacted this implant, the Au/MgFe-MMO film continuously captured the proton and electron participated in respiratory chain of bacteria to impede their energy metabolism, leading to the deficit of adenosine 5′-triphosphate. Prolonged exposure to this starvation state inhibited numerous biosynthesis processes and triggered severe oxidative stress in bacteria, ultimately leading to their death due to DNA and membrane damage. In addition, this heterojunction film was comfortable for mammalian cells, without inhibiting mitochondrial function. This proposed starvation antibacterial therapy gives a notable perspective in designing biosafe smart antibacterial biomaterials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ji Tan and Haifeng Zhang and Yisi Liu and Zhenhao Hou and Donghui Wang and Junjie Zhou and Yuanming Cao and Shi Qian and Bowen Zheng and JingJun Nie and Yuanyuan Cui and Yun Du and Kai Huang and Shengbing Yang and Dafu Chen and Xuanyong Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt3159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interfering with proton and electron transfer enables antibacterial starvation therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microfluidic-derived montmorillonite composite microparticles for oral codelivery of probiotic biofilm and postbiotics. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt2131. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oral delivery of probiotics has shown promising effects in modulating the gut microbiota and treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the therapeutic efficacy is restricted by gastrointestinal assaults, poor mucosal adhesion, and single therapeutic modality. Here, we developed acid-resistant, gut-environment–responsive composite microparticles based on microfluidic electrospray for the oral codelivery of probiotic [ Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA)] biofilm and postbiotics (indole-3-propionic acid). Montmorillonite was selected for supporting biofilm formation due to its cation-exchange capability and clearly defined biosafety. The montmorillonite-LA biofilm was effectively protected by the microparticles and markedly improved the intestinal retention. Upon oral administration, the composite microparticles notably alleviated colitis in mice, including reducing the inflammatory response, improving intestinal barrier function, and modulating the gut microbiota. Consequently, the composite microparticles show high potential for enhancing probiotic delivery efficacy and present a promising strategy for UC treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhonglin Fang and Xinyuan Yang and Luoran Shang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2131}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt2131}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microfluidic-derived montmorillonite composite microparticles for oral codelivery of probiotic biofilm and postbiotics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CD38-mediated metabolic reprogramming promotes the stability and suppressive function of regulatory t cells in tumor. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt2117. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the tumor microenvironment (TME), regulatory T cells (T regs ) adapt their metabolism to thrive in low-glucose, high-lactate conditions, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Our study identifies CD38 as a key regulator of this adaptation by depleting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form) (NAD + ), redirecting lactate-derived pyruvate toward phosphoenolpyruvate and bypassing the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This prevents accumulation of α-ketoglutarate, which destabilizes T regs by inducing hypermethylation at the Foxp3 locus. Restoring NAD + with nicotinamide mononucleotide reverses this adaptation, pushing T regs back to the TCA cycle and reducing their suppressive function. In YUMM1.7 melanoma-bearing mice, small-molecule CD38 inhibition selectively destabilizes intratumoral T regs , sparking robust antitumor immunity. These findings reveal that targeting the CD38-NAD + axis disrupts T regs metabolic adaptation and offers a strategy to enhance antitumor responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ishita Sarkar and Debashree Basak and Puspendu Ghosh and Anupam Gautam and Arpita Bhoumik and Praveen Singh and Anwesha Kar and Shaun Mahanti and Snehanshu Chowdhury and Lagnajita Chakraborty and Soumya Mondal and Ramanuj Mukherjee and Shikhar Mehrotra and Saikat Majumder and Shantanu Sengupta and Sandip Paul and Shilpak Chatterjee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2117}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt2117}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CD38-mediated metabolic reprogramming promotes the stability and suppressive function of regulatory t cells in tumor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1–interacting transcription factor SlGATA6 maintains the auxin-response gradient to inhibit abscission. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt1891. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1 (SlKD1) is a master abscission regulator in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ). Here, we identified an SlKD1-interacting transcription factor GATA transcription factor 6 (SlGATA6), which is required for maintaining the auxin-response gradient and preventing abscission. SlGATA6 up-regulates the expression of SlLAX2 and SlIAA3 . The AUXIN RESISTANT/LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT (AUX/LAX) proteins SlLAX2-dependent asymmetric auxin distribution causes differential accumulation of Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid 3 (SlIAA3) and its homolog SlIAA32 across different abscission zone cells. It is also required for SUMOylation of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2a (SlARF2a), a key suppressor of auxin signaling and abscission initiator. Moreover, SlIAA3 and SlIAA32 depress SUMOylated SlARF2a, thus suppressing SlARF2a function. The interaction between SlKD1 and SlGATA6 suppresses SlGATA6 binding to the promoters of SlLAX2 and SlIAA3 , thereby disrupting the auxin-response gradient and triggering abscission. This regulatory mechanism is conserved under low light–induced abscission in diverse Solanaceae plants. Our findings reveal a critical role of SlKD1 in modulating the auxin-response gradient and abscission initiation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xianfeng Liu and Lina Cheng and Yue Cai and Yang Liu and Xuemei Yan and Jiayun Liu and Ruizhen Li and Siqi Ge and Sai Wang and Xingan Liu and Sida Meng and Mingfang Qi and Cai-Zhong Jiang and Tianlai Li and Tao Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1891}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt1891}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1–interacting transcription factor SlGATA6 maintains the auxin-response gradient to inhibit abscission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic cross-linked topological network reconciles the longstanding contradictory properties of polymers. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt0825. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There is usually a trade-off between high-tensile properties and processability in polymers because the mechanisms of these properties are mutually exclusive. Here, we design a chemically coupled four-arm dynamic polymer cross-link site to overcome this challenge. By concurrently increasing cross-link sites and dynamic bond contents, this approach fabricates polymer networks with high cross-link density yet low processing temperature, challenging the conventional structure-property relationship where cross-linking inherently limits plasticity. Notably, the material demonstrates remarkable processability, evidenced by the ratio of G ′ max to G ′ min with a temperature differential (Δ T ) of 120°C (which signifies the soft-to-hard transition capability). This ratio reaches 153.3, higher than all reported cross-linked polyurethanes. This work represents a molecular strategy that combines electronic effect and topology network design to modulate materials’ properties, and it will be useful for developing next-generation materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zekai Wu and Chengzhen Chu and Yuhui Jin and Lei Yang and Bo Qian and Yuepeng Wang and Yihan Wang and Jiani Wu and Yujie Jia and Wenwen Zhang and Zhengwei You}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0825}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt0825}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic cross-linked topological network reconciles the longstanding contradictory properties of polymers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-powered electrotactile textile haptic glove for enhanced human-machine interface. SCIADV, 11(12), eadt0318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human-machine interface (HMI) plays an important role in various fields, where haptic technologies provide crucial tactile feedback that greatly enhances user experience, especially in virtual reality/augmented reality, prosthetic control, and therapeutic applications. Through tactile feedback, users can interact with devices in a more realistic way, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of the experience. However, existing haptic devices are often bulky due to cumbersome instruments and power modules, limiting comfort and portability. Here, we introduce a concept of wearable haptic technology: a thin, soft, self-powered electrotactile textile haptic (SPETH) glove that uses the triboelectric effect and gas breakdown discharge for localized electrical stimulation. Daily hand movements generate sufficient mechanical energy to power the SPETH glove. Its features—softness, lightweight, self-sustainability, portability, and affordability—enable it to provide tactile feedback anytime and anywhere without external equipment. This makes the SPETH glove an enhanced, battery-free HMI suitable for a wide range of applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guoqiang Xu and Haoyu Wang and Guangyao Zhao and Jingjing Fu and Kuanming Yao and Shengxin Jia and Rui Shi and Xingcan Huang and Pengcheng Wu and Jiyu Li and Binbin Zhang and Chun Ki Yiu and Zhihao Zhou and Chaojie Chen and Xinyuan Li and Zhengchun Peng and Yunlong Zi and Zijian Zheng and Xinge Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadt0318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-powered electrotactile textile haptic glove for enhanced human-machine interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selective promotion of sensory innervation–mediated immunoregulation for tissue repair. SCIADV, 11(12), eads9581. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sensory innervation triggers the regenerative response after injury. However, dysfunction and impairment of sensory nerves, accompanied by excessive inflammation impede tissue regeneration. Consequently, specific induction of sensory innervation to mediate immunoregulation becomes a promising therapeutic approach. Herein, we developed a cell/drug-free strategy to selectively boost endogenous sensory innervation to harness immune responses for promoting tissue rehabilitation. Specifically, a dual-functional phage was constructed with a sensory nerve–homing peptide and a β-subunit of nerve growth factor (β-NGF)–binding peptide. These double-displayed phages captured endogenic β-NGF and localized to sensory nerves to promote sensory innervation. Furthermore, regarding bone regeneration, phage-loaded hydrogels achieved rapid sensory nerve ingrowth in bone defect areas. Mechanistically, sensory neurotization facilitated M2 polarization of macrophages through the Sema3A/XIAP/PAX6 pathway, thus decreasing the M1/M2 ratio to induce the dissipation of local inflammation. Collectively, these findings highlight the essential role of sensory innervation in manipulating inflammation and provide a conceptual framework based on neuroimmune interactions for promoting tissue regeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaicheng Xu and Kaile Wu and Liang Chen and Yubin Zhao and Hengyuan Li and Nong Lin and Zhaoming Ye and Jianbin Xu and Donghua Huang and Xin Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9581}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads9581}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selective promotion of sensory innervation–mediated immunoregulation for tissue repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A metabolic shift to the serine pathway induced by lipids fosters epigenetic reprogramming in nontransformed breast cells. SCIADV, 11(12), eads9182. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lipid metabolism and the serine, one-carbon, glycine (SOG) and methionine pathways are independently and significantly correlated with estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer (ERneg BC). Here, we propose a link between lipid metabolism and ERneg BC through phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo serine pathway. We demonstrate that the metabolism of the paradigmatic medium-chain fatty acid octanoic acid leads to a metabolic shift toward the SOG and methionine pathways. PHGDH plays a role in both the forward direction, contributing to the production of S-adenosylmethionine, and the reverse direction, generating the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, leading to epigenomic reprogramming and phenotypic plasticity. The methionine cycle is closely linked to the transsulfuration pathway. Consequently, we observe that the shift increases the antioxidant glutathione, which mitigates reactive oxygen species (ROS), enabling survival of a subset of cells that have undergone DNA damage. These metabolic changes contribute to several hallmarks of cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mariana Bustamante Eduardo and Gannon Cottone and Curtis W. McCloskey and Shiyu Liu and Flavio R. Palma and Maria Paula Zappia and Abul B.M.M.K. Islam and Peng Gao and Joel Setya and Saya Dennis and Hongyu Gao and Qian Zhang and Xiaoling Xuei and Yuan Luo and Jason Locasale and Marcelo G. Bonini and Rama Khokha and Maxim V. Frolov and Elizaveta V. Benevolenskaya and Navdeep S. Chandel and Seema A. Khan and Susan E. Clare}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9182}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads9182}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A metabolic shift to the serine pathway induced by lipids fosters epigenetic reprogramming in nontransformed breast cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies IRF1 and TFAP4 as transcriptional regulators of galectin-9 in t cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. SCIADV, 11(12), eads8351. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Galectin-9 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and associated with worse clinical outcome in some cancers. However, the regulators driving Galectin-9 expression are unknown. Here, we defined the transcriptional regulators and epigenetic circuitry of Galectin-9 in pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), as an example of a disease with strong Galectin-9 expression, in which higher expression was associated with lower overall survival. By performing a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified the transcription factors IRF1 and TFAP4 as key regulators for Galectin-9 expression by binding its regulatory elements. Whereas IRF1 was observed exclusively on the promoter, TFAP4 binding was detected at an enhancer solely in T-ALL cells associated with higher Galectin-9 levels. Together, our results show that IRF1 is responsible and indispensable for Galectin-9 expression and TFAP4 further fine-tunes its expression. Our approach, a flow-based genome-wide CRISPR screen complemented by transcription factor binding and enhancer mapping, creates innovative opportunities for understanding and manipulating epigenetic transcriptional regulation in cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Caroline R. M. Wiggers and Burak Yüzügüldü and Nathanial G. Tadros and Tayla B. Heavican-Foral and Eugene Y. Cho and Zachary C. Eisenbies and Merve Ozdemir and Steffen B. Kulp and Yun-Cheol Chae and Alejandro Gutierrez and Jens G. Lohr and Birgit Knoechel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8351}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads8351}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies IRF1 and TFAP4 as transcriptional regulators of galectin-9 in t cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paramagnetic susceptibility measured by magnetic resonance imaging as an in vivo biomarker for iron pathology in epilepsy. SCIADV, 11(12), eads8149. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Epilepsy, a neurological disorder marked by recurrent, unprovoked seizures, is often linked to dysregulated iron metabolism, resulting in iron overload and subsequent cellular dysfunction or death within epileptogenic regions. We proposed a specific, noninvasive technique using paramagnetic susceptibility imaging via magnetic resonance imaging to quantify in vivo brain iron levels, aiming to enhance our understanding of epilepsy pathology and improve diagnostic accuracy. Our imaging and histopathological studies demonstrated that paramagnetic susceptibility is a sensitive biomarker for iron quantification in epilepsy. This method effectively detects iron abnormality from various causes and highlights that iron alters within epileptogenic zones, indicating the presence of potentially salvageable tissue. Furthermore, iron accumulation was observed to disrupt cortical laminar structures in epileptogenic zones and was associated with the proliferation of central nervous system cells, particularly astrocytes. Paramagnetic susceptibility imaging provides previously unknown insights into epilepsy, offering potential applications in diagnostics, monitoring, and personalized treatment strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenghao Li and Qiangqiang Liu and Tongtong Xu and Ming Zhang and Li Li and Zhangpeng Chen and Yaohui Tang and Li Jiang and Yong Lu and Fuhua Yan and Yuyao Zhang and Jiwen Xu and Hongjiang Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8149}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads8149}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paramagnetic susceptibility measured by magnetic resonance imaging as an in vivo biomarker for iron pathology in epilepsy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bio-inspired organic electrosense transistor for impalpable perception. SCIADV, 11(12), eads7457. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Artificial sense technologies predominantly rely on visual and tactile input, which often prove inadequate in obscured or opaque environments. Inspired by the natural electrosensory capabilities of electrogenic fishes, we introduce an organic electrosense transistor designed to detect electric fields generated by nearby objects, facilitating the creation of impalpable perception systems. Unlike traditional sensors, our electrosense transistor perceives bipolar electric fields with high sensitivity and stability. We use compact models and device simulations to elucidate the mechanisms of charge induction and transport within organic electrosense transistors when exposed to spatial electric fields. Demonstrating its practical utility, we show that robots equipped with our electrosense transistor can successfully navigate and detect concealed objects without requiring direct contact. This work not only advances the understanding of charge dynamics in electrosensory systems but also establishes a platform for developing highly sensitive, noninvasive artificial sensing technologies applicable in surveillance, search and rescue, and other challenging environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cong Wang and Jiaofu Li and Xufan Li and Wenlong Li and Yanzhen Li and Yinan Huang and Changxian Wang and Zhihua Liu and Ming Wang and Nuan Chen and Mingxi Chen and Liang Pan and Feilong Zhang and Jinshun Bi and Liqiang Li and Wenping Hu and Xiaodong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7457}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads7457}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bio-inspired organic electrosense transistor for impalpable perception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Eliminating nonuniform geometric effects for long-term stable electrochemical extraction of high-purity titanium. SCIADV, 11(12), eads7083. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrorefining of low-grade titanium is one of the strategies for achieving high-purity titanium. However, the presence of nonuniform geometric effects would be induced to impact the nonuniform geometric distribution of overpotential, leading to impurity dissolution and nonuniform Ti deposition. Here, in situ high-temperature characterizations on the molten salt electrorefining process are applied to establish an anodic dissolution principle for quantitatively evaluating nonuniform geometric effects of electrode. For eliminating the nonuniform geometric effects, coaxial anode-cathode configurations are designed to promote the nonuniform anodic dissolution and nonuniform cathodic deposition. Consequently, the geometric uniformity of titanium products on the cathodes is substantially enhanced, and thus, long-term stable electrorefining process (~12 hours, ~330% increment compared to the electrode of reference configuration) and highly purified titanium products (99.2%) are achieved.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiyuan Li and Shuqiang Jiao and Jun Zhu and Shijie Li and Zhaoliang Qu and Xiaodong Chen and Qi Wang and Shanyan Huang and Hao-Sen Chen and Wei-Li Song and Yingjun Liu and Dongbai Sun and Hongmin Zhu and Daining Fang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7083}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads7083}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Eliminating nonuniform geometric effects for long-term stable electrochemical extraction of high-purity titanium}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound elevates blood pressure for shock. SCIADV, 11(12), eads6947. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluid replacement is the primary treatment for life-threatening shock but is challenging in harsh environments. This study explores low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a resuscitation strategy. Cervical LIPUS stimulation effectively elevated blood pressure in shocked rats. It also improved cerebral and multiorgan perfusion. Mechanistically, LIPUS activated pathways related to sympathetic nerve excitation and vascular smooth muscle contraction, increasing plasma catecholamines and stimulating blood pressure–regulating neural nuclei. Partial sympathetic nerve transection reduced LIPUS efficacy, while complete inhibition of these nuclei abolished the response. Preliminary clinical trials demonstrated LIPUS’s ability to raise blood pressure in shock patients. The findings suggest that LIPUS enhances sympathetic nerve activity and activates blood pressure–regulating nuclei, offering a noninvasive, neuromodulation-based approach to shock treatment. This method holds potential for improving blood pressure and organ perfusion in shock patients, especially in resource-limited environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenrui Wu and Yu Tian and Tao Liu and Shuo An and Yu Qian and Chuang Gao and Jiangyuan Yuan and Mingqi Liu and Meng Nie and Weiwei Jiang and Zhuang Sha and Chuanxiang Lv and Qiang Liu and Xiaochun Wang and Sheng Zhou and Rongcai Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6947}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads6947}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound elevates blood pressure for shock}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Time-resolved tracking of cellulose biosynthesis and assembly during cell wall regeneration in live arabidopsis protoplasts. SCIADV, 11(12), eads6312. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on earth composing plant cell walls, is synthesized by coordinated action of multiple enzymes in cellulose synthase complexes embedded within the plasma membrane. Multiple chains of cellulose fibrils form intertwined extracellular matrix networks. It remains largely unknown how newly synthesized cellulose is assembled into an intricate fibril network on cell surfaces. Here, we have established an in vivo time-resolved imaging platform to continuously visualize cellulose biosynthesis and fibril network assembly on Arabidopsis thaliana protoplast surfaces as the primary cell wall regenerates. Our observations provide the basis for a model of cellulose fibril network development in protoplasts driven by an interplay of multiscale dynamics that includes rapid diffusion and coalescence of nascent cellulose fibrils, processive elongation of single fibrils, and cellulose fibrillar network rearrangement during maturation. This study provides fresh insights into the dynamic and mechanistic aspects of cell wall synthesis at the single-cell level.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyun Huh and Dharanidaran Jayachandran and Junhong Sun and Mohammad Irfan and Eric Lam and Shishir P. S. Chundawat and Sang-Hyuk Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6312}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads6312}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Time-resolved tracking of cellulose biosynthesis and assembly during cell wall regeneration in live arabidopsis protoplasts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SIP2 is the master transcription factor of plasmodium merozoite formation. SCIADV, 11(12), eads5458. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Malaria, one of the most serious infectious diseases worldwide, is caused by the proliferation of Plasmodium parasites through repeated cycles of intraerythrocytic development. The parasite replicates via schizogony in host erythrocytes, producing multiple progeny merozoites that invade new erythrocytes. Although merozoite formation is the most crucial step in malaria pathogenesis, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. SIP2 is an AP2 transcription factor expressed during schizogony and is particularly conserved among erythrocyte-infecting apicomplexan parasites. Here, we reveal that SIP2 in Plasmodium berghei (PbSIP2) functions as the master transcription factor for merozoite formation. Conditional disruption of pbsip2 resulted in developmental arrest before merozoite formation and notable down-regulation of merozoite-related genes. ChIP-seq showed that PbSIP2 comprehensively activated merozoite-related genes by binding to previously reported cis-regulatory elements of merozoite invasion-related genes, including the bipartite motif (TGCAN 4–6 GTGCA). Collectively, our results indicate that SIP2 is a transcription factor that establishes erythrocyte infectivity and may have an evolutionary origin from the common ancestor of erythrocyte-infecting apicomplexan parasites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tsubasa Nishi and Izumi Kaneko and Masao Yuda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5458}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads5458}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SIP2 is the master transcription factor of plasmodium merozoite formation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soft, stretchable conductive hydrogels for high-performance electronic implants. SCIADV, 11(12), eads4415. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conductive hydrogels are emerging as promising materials for electronic implants owing to their favorable mechanical and electrical properties. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hydrogels are particularly attractive, but their preparation often requires toxic additives. Here, we introduced a nutritive sweetener, d -sorbitol, as a nontoxic additive to create soft and stretchable PEDOT:PSS conductive hydrogels. These hydrogels exhibit mechanical properties comparable with biological tissues, reducing adverse immune responses. The hydrogels can be patterned on elastic substrates using a simple, low-cost micromolding technique to fabricate soft and stretchable implantable devices for electrical stimulation and recording. The hydrogel electrodes show much lower electrochemical impedance and higher charge storage and injection capacity compared to platinum electrodes. In addition, the properties of hydrogels and devices remain stable after long-term storage and exposure to extreme conditions. We demonstrate the use of soft hydrogel-based electronic devices for effective electrical stimulation and high-quality electrical recordings in live animal models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Md Saifur Rahman and Ahnsei Shon and Rose Joseph and Anton Pavlov and Alex Stefanov and Myeong Namkoong and Heng Guo and Dangnghi Bui and Reid Master and Archita Sharma and Jennifer Lee and Melissa Rivas and Ananya Elati and Yava Jones-Hall and Feng Zhao and Hangue Park and Michelle A. Hook and Limei Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4415}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads4415}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soft, stretchable conductive hydrogels for high-performance electronic implants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Imaging and simulation of surface plasmon polaritons on layered 2D MXenes. SCIADV, 11(12), eads3689. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, commonly known as MXenes, are a class of 2D materials with high free carrier densities, making them highly attractive candidates for plasmonic 2D materials. In this study, we use multiphoton photoemission electron microscopy ( n P-PEEM) to directly image the plasmonic near fields of multilayers of the prototypical MXene, Ti 3 C 2 T x , with mixed surface terminations (T x = F, O, and OH). Photon-energy dependent n P-PEEM reveals a dispersive surface plasmon polariton between 1.4 and 1.9 electron volts on MXene flakes thicker than 30 nanometers and waveguide modes above 1.9 electron volts. Combining experiments with finite-difference time-domain simulations, we reveal the emergence of a visible surface plasmon polariton in MXenes, opening avenues for exploration of polaritonic phenomena in MXenes in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Janek Rieger and Atreyie Ghosh and Joseph L. Spellberg and Calvin Raab and Aishani Mohan and Prakriti P. Joshi and Sarah B. King}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3689}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads3689}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Imaging and simulation of surface plasmon polaritons on layered 2D MXenes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling the complexity of arnold’s tongues in a breathing-soliton laser. SCIADV, 11(12), eads3660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synchronization occurs ubiquitously in nature and science. The synchronization regions generally broaden monotonically with the strength of the forcing, thereby featuring a tongue-like shape in parameter space, known as Arnold’s tongue. Such a shape is universal, prevailing in many diverse synchronized systems. Theoretical studies suggest that, under strong external forcing, the shape of the synchronization regions can change substantially and even holes can appear in the solid patterns. However, experimentally accessing these abnormal regimes is quite challenging mainly because many real-world systems displaying synchronization become fragile under strong forcing. Here, we are able to observe these intriguing regimes in a breathing-soliton laser. Two types of abnormal synchronization regions are unveiled, namely, a leaf- and a ray-like shape. High-resolution control of the loss allows holes to be revealed in the synchronization regions. Our work opens the possibility to study intriguing synchronization dynamics using a simple breathing-soliton laser as a test bed.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiuqi Wu and Junsong Peng and Bo Yuan and Sonia Boscolo and Christophe Finot and Heping Zeng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads3660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling the complexity of arnold’s tongues in a breathing-soliton laser}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transfer RNA acetylation regulates in vivo mammalian stress signaling. SCIADV, 11(12), eads2923. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are crucial for protein synthesis, but their position-specific physiological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the impact of N 4 -acetylcytidine (ac 4 C), a highly conserved tRNA modification catalyzed by the essential acetyltransferase Nat10. By targeting Thumpd1, a nonessential adapter protein required for Nat10-catalyzed tRNA acetylation, we determine that loss of tRNA acetylation leads to reduced levels of tRNA Leu , increased ribosome stalling, and activation of eIF2α phosphorylation. Thumpd1 knockout mice exhibit growth defects and sterility. Concurrent knockout of Thumpd1 and the stress-sensing kinase Gcn2 causes penetrant postnatal lethality in mice, indicating a critical genetic interaction. Our findings demonstrate that a modification restricted to a single position within type II cytosolic tRNAs can regulate ribosome-mediated stress signaling in mammalian organisms, with implications for our understanding of translational control and therapeutic interventions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Supuni Thalalla Gamage and Roxane Khoogar and Shereen Howpay Manage and Judey T. DaRos and McKenna C. Crawford and Joe Georgeson and Bogdan V. Polevoda and Chelsea Sanders and Kendall A. Lee and Kellie D. Nance and Vinithra Iyer and Anatoly Kustanovich and Minervo Perez and Chu T. Thu and Sam R. Nance and Ruhul Amin and Christine N. Miller and Ronald J. Holewinski and Sudipto Das and Thomas J. Meyer and Vishal Koparde and Acong Yang and Parthav Jailwala and Joe T. Nguyen and Thorkell Andresson and Kent Hunter and Shuo Gu and Beverly A. Mock and Elijah F. Edmondson and Simone Difilippantonio and Raj Chari and Schraga Schwartz and Mitchell R. O’Connell and Colin Chih-Chien Wu and Jordan L. Meier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2923}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads2923}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transfer RNA acetylation regulates in vivo mammalian stress signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanosecond-pulsed electroluminescence from high current–driven quantum-dot light-emitting diodes. SCIADV, 11(12), eads1388. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ultrashort optical emission, with pulse duration ranging from nanoseconds to femtoseconds, is usually obtained from lasers. In this work, we achieve nanosecond-pulsed electroluminescence (EL) from a solution-processed fast-response quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED). By modeling the QLED with a resistor-capacitor equivalent circuit and analyzing the transient current of the circuit, the dynamic of the carrier injection and transport process that fundamentally affects the transient EL of QLED is revealed, which helps to guide the optimization of fast-response QLED. Driven by a high current source, the optimized QLED can output stable and repeatable ultrashort EL with a pulse duration of 20 nanoseconds, a repetition rate of 50 kilohertz, and a high radiant exitance of 5.4 watts per square centimeter. Enabled by the nanosecond-pulsed EL, the developed QLED can be directly used as an instantaneous excitation source for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Meanwhile, its use as an exposure flash for high-speed imaging is also demonstrated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianhong Zhou and Fengshou Tian and Shuming Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1388}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads1388}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanosecond-pulsed electroluminescence from high current–driven quantum-dot light-emitting diodes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wetting-induced interfacial instability: A mechanism for droplet emission at air-liquid interfaces. SCIADV, 11(12), eads1065. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-throughput production of monodisperse microdroplets has revolutionized many fields, typically relying on shear-induced emulsification in intricate microfluidic channels to induce the Rayleigh-Plateau instability. This mechanism exhibits low robustness due to its high dependence on the physical properties and flow conditions of fluids. Here, we report a robust emulsification mechanism—wetting-induced interfacial instability—for droplet emission. We find that, when pendant microdroplets in the air contact with an immiscible wetting bulk phase, it triggers interfacial instability in the hanging droplets and then their rapid breakup into the bulk phase. This simplifies the monodisperse microdroplet production using a nozzle positioned above an air-liquid interface, requiring no complex microchannels. We demonstrate that this method exhibits highly scalable production and exceptional robustness against variations in physical properties and flow conditions of fluids, including highly viscous non-Newtonian fluid (56,600 millipascal-seconds). This mechanism provides a simpler alternative to the traditional Rayleigh-Plateau instability for emulsification, offering opportunities for industrial applications and insights into microscale interfacial science.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yao-Yao Su and Da-Wei Pan and Tao-Xian Zhang and Rui Xie and Xiao-Jie Ju and Zhuang Liu and Nan-Nan Deng and Wei Wang and Liang-Yin Chu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1065}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eads1065}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wetting-induced interfacial instability: A mechanism for droplet emission at air-liquid interfaces}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Using waste CO2 to produce essential amino acids for humans: An efficient photoelectrochemical route. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr8651. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {l -phenylalanine ( l -Phe), an essential amino acid for humans, is widely used as building blocks. Currently, l -Phe is obtained via biosynthetic methods including microbial and enzymatic processes, but their tightly complex feedback regulation and lengthy reaction steps lead to a low practical yield of l -Phe. Here, we have designed a hierarchical Si-based photocathode for l -Phe synthesis by photoelectrochemical coupling of waste CO 2 and nitrophenyl ethane, achieving a high yield rate of 37.5 μg·hour −1 ·cm −2 and a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 21.2% at low applied potential under 1 sun illumination. The hierarchical structure with CuO-TiO 2 -C mixtures dispersed in amorphous TiO 2 layer/n + p-Si creates an internal built-in electric field and forms plentiful conducting channels to efficiently realize the injection of electrons into Cu and Ti sites. These Cu and Ti sites adsorb and activate the CO 2 and nitrophenyl ethane, respectively, cooperatively facilitating the l -Phe synthesis. This work introduces an environmentally friendly and highly efficient approach for converting solar energy into valuable amino acid products.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoran Zhang and Yanhong Lyu and Jingjing Ding and Xin Wang and Bernt Johannessen and San Ping Jiang and Jianyun Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8651}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr8651}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Using waste CO2 to produce essential amino acids for humans: An efficient photoelectrochemical route}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PPDPF preserves integrity of proximal tubule by modulating NMNAT activity in chronic kidney diseases. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr8648. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci associated with kidney diseases, but the causal variants, genes, and pathways involved remain elusive. Here, we identified a kidney disease gene called pancreatic progenitor cell differentiation and proliferation factor (PPDPF) through integrating GWAS on kidney function and multiomic analysis. PPDPF was predominantly expressed in healthy proximal tubules of human and mouse kidneys via single-cell analysis. Further investigations revealed that PPDPF functioned as a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase to maintain cellular NAD + levels. Deficiency in PPDPF disrupted NAD + and mitochondrial homeostasis by impairing the activities of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferases (NMNATs), thereby compromising the function of proximal tubules during injuries. Consequently, knockout of PPDPF notably accelerated the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mouse models induced by aging, chemical exposure, and obstruction. These findings strongly support targeting PPDPF as a potential therapy for kidney fibrosis, offering possibilities for future CKD interventions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoliang Fang and Yi Zhong and Rui Zheng and Qihui Wu and Yu Liu and Dexin Zhang and Yuwei Wang and Wubing Ding and Kaiyuan Wang and Fengbo Zhong and Kai Lin and Xiaohui Yao and Qingxun Hu and Xiaofei Li and Guofeng Xu and Na Liu and Jing Nie and Dali Li and Hongquan Geng and Yuting Guan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8648}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr8648}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PPDPF preserves integrity of proximal tubule by modulating NMNAT activity in chronic kidney diseases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amplified wintertime arctic warming causes eurasian cooling via nonlinear feedback of suppressed synoptic eddy activities. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr6336. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The amplified wintertime Arctic warming has accelerated in recent decades. However, whether and how the warming can cause Eurasian cooling remains debated. By identifying daily Arctic warming events, we find direct observational evidence that the Arctic warming tends to cause substantial Eurasian cooling and an increase in occurrence frequency of Eurasian cooling events with a roughly 2-day lag. We propose a mechanism explaining the causality. We find that the Arctic warming causes a large suppression in activities of daily weather disturbances (referred to as synoptic eddies) over high-latitude Eurasia. This produces a meridional dipole in geopotential height anomalies characterized by an equivalent-barotropic anomalous low (high) and a lower-level cooling (warming) over mid-latitude Eurasia (the Arctic) via a nonlinear eddy–to–mean flow feedback. The feedback induces near-surface northeasterly anomalies that enlarge the Eurasian cooling via cold advection. Thus, we conclude that the warm Arctic versus cold Eurasia is essentially an intrinsic dipole determined by synoptic eddy–mean flow interaction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manman Yin and Xiu-Qun Yang and Linyuan Sun and Lingfeng Tao and Noel Keenlyside}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6336}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr6336}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amplified wintertime arctic warming causes eurasian cooling via nonlinear feedback of suppressed synoptic eddy activities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast energy transfer beyond the förster approximation in organic photovoltaic blends with non-fullerene acceptors. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr5973. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent studies on organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems have highlighted the critical role of energy transfer in excited-state dynamics. This process has traditionally been explained through the model of long-range Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). In this study, we demonstrate a donor-to-acceptor short-range energy transfer (SRET) mechanism in OPV blends with non-fullerene acceptors, extending beyond the Förster approximation. This SRET occurs as a two-step process mediated by interfacial excitations with mixed charge-transfer and local excitation features. We further validate this model through studies on planar heterojunctions, precisely controlling the thickness of interlayers. These findings underscore the short-range interactions in regulating the donor-to-acceptor energy transfer in OPV blends, suggesting that SRET should be considered alongside FRET and charge-transfer processes for device optimizations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanni Ouyang and Rui Wang and Xiaoyong Wang and Min Xiao and Chunfeng Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5973}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr5973}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast energy transfer beyond the förster approximation in organic photovoltaic blends with non-fullerene acceptors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The conserved spd-2/CEP192 domain adopts a unique protein fold to promote centrosome scaffold assembly. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr5744. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Centrosomes form when centrioles assemble pericentriolar material (PCM) around themselves. Spd-2/CEP192 proteins, defined by a conserved “Spd-2 domain” (SP2D) comprising two closely spaced AspM-Spd-2-Hydin (ASH) domains, play a critical role in centrosome assembly. Here, we show that the SP2D does not target Drosophila Spd-2 to centrosomes but rather promotes PCM scaffold assembly. Crystal structures of the human and honeybee SP2D reveal an unusual “extended cradle” structure mediated by a conserved interaction interface between the two ASH domains. Mutations predicted to perturb this interface, including a human mutation associated with male infertility and Mosaic Variegated Aneuploidy, disrupt PCM scaffold assembly in flies. The SP2D is monomeric in solution, but the Drosophila SP2D can form higher-order oligomers upon phosphorylation by PLK1 (Polo-like kinase 1). Crystal-packing interactions and AlphaFold predictions suggest how SP2Ds might self-assemble, and mutations associated with one such potential dimerization interface markedly perturb SP2D oligomerization in vitro and PCM scaffold assembly in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liuyi Hu and Alan Wainman and Antonina Andreeva and Muladili Apizi and Ines Alvarez-Rodrigo and Siu-Shing Wong and Saroj Saurya and Devon Sheppard and Matthew Cottee and Steven Johnson and Susan M. Lea and Jordan W. Raff and Mark van Breugel and Zhe Feng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5744}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr5744}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The conserved spd-2/CEP192 domain adopts a unique protein fold to promote centrosome scaffold assembly}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stereoregular radical polymers enable selective spin transfer. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr4004. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spintronic devices are emerging as an approach to realize performance and energy efficiency beyond what is possible with traditional electronic devices. State-of-the-art metals and doped conjugated polymers used for spin manipulation suffer from fundamental performance and stability issues. We leveraged stereoselective cationic polymerization to design a polymer with a stable persistent radical in each repeat unit that enables the long-range order necessary for spin transport. This approach overcomes conventional requirements for doping in organic spin-pumping devices while showcasing high conductivity, long spin-diffusion lengths, and processability. Molecular-level alterations in polymer stereochemistry were critical for controlling spin-spin interactions and alignment. Stereoregular polymers with persistent neutral radicals represent a previously unidentified class of materials for manipulating spins over long distances for applications in next-generation information storage.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyunki Yeo and Cole C. Sorensen and Hamas Tahir and Andrew Marquardt and Yun-Fang Yang and Nick Legaux and Brett M. Savoie and Frank A. Leibfarth and Bryan W. Boudouris}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4004}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr4004}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stereoregular radical polymers enable selective spin transfer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elevated methylmercury in arctic rain and aerosol linked to air-sea exchange of dimethylmercury. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr3805. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant with substantial human health impacts. While most studies focus on atmospheric total Hg (THg) deposition, contributions of methylated Hg (MeHg), including monomethylmercury (MMHg) and dimethylmercury (DMHg), remain poorly understood. To examine this, we use rain and aerosol Hg speciation data and high-resolution surface DMHg measurements, collected on a transect from Alaskan coastal waters to the Bering and Chukchi Seas. We observed a significant fivefold increase in the MeHg:THg fraction in rain and a 10-fold increase for aerosols, closely linked to elevated surface DMHg and the highest DMHg evasion (~9.4 picomoles per square meter per hour) found in upwelling waters near the Aleutian Islands. These data highlight a previously underexplored aspect of MeHg air-sea exchange and its importance to Hg cycling and human health concerns. Our findings emphasize the importance of DMHg evasion by demonstrating that atmospheric MeHg can be transported long distances (~1700 kilometers) in the Arctic, posing risks to human health and ecosystems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yipeng He and Hannah Inman and David C. Kadko and Mark P. Stephens and Douglas E. Hammond and William M. Landing and Robert P. Mason}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3805}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr3805}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elevated methylmercury in arctic rain and aerosol linked to air-sea exchange of dimethylmercury}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide facilitate NAD+ synthesis via enterohepatic circulation. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr1538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form) (NAD + ) levels are reportedly associated with several aging-related disorders. Thus, supplementation with NAD + precursors, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR), exhibits beneficial effects against these disorders. However, the in vivo metabolic pathways of NMN and NR remain to be elucidated. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the fate of orally and intravenously administered NMN and NR in mice using NAD + metabolomics. We found that only a small portion of orally administered NMN and NR was directly absorbed from the small intestine and that most of them underwent gut microbiota–mediated deamidation and conversion to nicotinic acid (NA). Moreover, intravenously administered NMN and NR were rapidly degraded into nicotinamide and secreted to bile followed by deamidation to NA by gut microbiota. Thus, enterohepatic circulated NA is preferentially used in the liver. These findings showed that NMN and NR are indirectly converted to NAD + via unexpected metabolic pathways.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Keisuke Yaku and Sailesh Palikhe and Tooba Iqbal and Faisal Hayat and Yoshiyuki Watanabe and Shiho Fujisaka and Hironori Izumi and Tomoyuki Yoshida and Mariam Karim and Hitoshi Uchida and Allah Nawaz and Kazuyuki Tobe and Hisashi Mori and Marie E. Migaud and Takashi Nakagawa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr1538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide facilitate NAD+ synthesis via enterohepatic circulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gene-specific transcript buffering revealed by perturbation of coactivator complexes. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr1492. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transcript buffering entails reciprocal modulation of mRNA synthesis and degradation to maintain stable RNA levels under varying cellular conditions. Current models depict a global connection between mRNA synthesis and degradation, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that changes in RNA metabolism following depletion of TIP60/KAT5, the acetyltransferase subunit of the NuA4 transcriptional coactivator complex, reveal that transcript buffering occurs at a gene-specific level. By combining RNA sequencing of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and newly synthesized transcript fractions with biophysical modeling in mouse embryonic stem cells, we demonstrate that transcriptional changes caused by TIP60 depletion are offset by corresponding changes in RNA nuclear export and cytoplasmic stability, indicating gene-specific buffering. Disruption of the unrelated ATAC coactivator complex also causes gene-specific transcript buffering. We propose that cells dynamically adjust RNA splicing, export, and degradation in response to individual RNA synthesis alterations, thereby sustaining cellular homeostasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Faezeh Forouzanfar and David F. Moreno and Damien Plassard and Audrey Furst and Karen A. Oliveira and Bernardo Reina-San-Martin and László Tora and Nacho Molina and Manuel Mendoza}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1492}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr1492}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gene-specific transcript buffering revealed by perturbation of coactivator complexes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bcl-xL overexpression in t cells preserves muscle mitochondrial structure and function and prevents frailty in old mice. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr1378. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Our previous transcriptomic analysis revealed an up-regulation of the antiapoptotic protein B cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) in centenarians relative to octogenarians or younger cohorts. In this study, we used Bcl-xL–overexpressing mice to assess its impact on successful aging. Our findings indicate that Bcl-xL overexpression modifies T cell subsets and improves their metabolism, apoptosis resistance, macroautophagy, and cytokine production during aging. This more resilient immune system reduces inflammation and preserves mitochondrial integrity and function in muscle tissue, thereby retarding the onset of frailty. These results underscore the important contribution of Bcl-xL to healthy aging, a phenomenon that is conserved across mammalian species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cristina Mas-Bargues and Aurora Román-Domínguez and Jorge Sanz-Ros and Nekane Romero-García and Javier Huete-Acevedo and Mar Dromant and Ana María Cuervo and Consuelo Borrás and José Viña}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1378}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr1378}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bcl-xL overexpression in t cells preserves muscle mitochondrial structure and function and prevents frailty in old mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Affinity selection–mass spectrometry with linearizable macrocyclic peptide libraries. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr1018. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite their potential, the preparation of large synthetic macrocyclic libraries for ligand discovery and development has been limited. Here, we produce 100-million-membered macrocyclic libraries containing natural and nonnatural amino acids. Near-quantitative intramolecular disulfide formation is facilitated by rapid oxidation with iodine in solution. After use in affinity selection, treatment with dithiothreitol enables near-quantitative reduction, rendering linear peptide analogs for standard tandem mass spectrometry. We use these libraries to discover macrocyclic binders to cadherin-2 and anti-hemagglutinin antibody clone 12ca5. Structure-activity relationship studies of an initial cadherin-binding peptide [ CBP ; apparent dissociation constant ( K d ) = 53 nanomolar] reveal residues responsible for driving affinity (hotspots) and mutation-tolerant residues (coldspots). Two original macrocyclic libraries are prepared in which these hotspots and coldspots are derivatized with nonnatural amino acids. Following discovery and validation, high-affinity ligands are discovered from the coldspot library, with NCBP-4 demonstrating improved affinity ( K d = 29 nanomolar). Overall, we expect that this work will improve the use of macrocyclic libraries in therapeutic peptide development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael A. Lee and Joseph S. Brown and Charlotte E. Farquhar and Andrei Loas and Bradley L. Pentelute}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1018}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr1018}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Affinity selection–mass spectrometry with linearizable macrocyclic peptide libraries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Special delivery of proteinaceous matter to deep-sea microbes. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr0736. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth’s deep ocean holds a vast reservoir of dissolved organic carbon, traditionally considered old and resistant to microbial degradation. Radiocarbon analyses indicate the hidden occurrence of younger dissolved organic carbon components, assumed to be accessible to deep-sea microorganisms but not yet demonstrated. Using compound-class radiocarbon analysis, molecular characterization, and bioassay experiments, we provide direct evidence for rapid microbial utilization of young, labile, high–molecular weight proteinaceous material in bathypelagic waters. The abundance of labile proteinaceous material diminishes from epipelagic to mesopelagic waters but notably increases in bathypelagic waters, where it exhibits a short turnover time (days) and resembles surface plankton in molecular composition. This observation coincides with peak zooplankton biomass recorded over the year. The nonmonotonic depth trend suggests a deep-sea replenishment of organic particles from mesopelagic migrating zooplankton. Our results indicate the presence of labile organic molecules at bathypelagic depths and reveal a nonlinear supply of plankton-derived substrates that support microbial metabolism and carbon sequestration in the deep ocean.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuan Shen and Ronald Benner and Taylor A. B. Broek and Brett D. Walker and Matthew D. McCarthy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0736}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr0736}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Special delivery of proteinaceous matter to deep-sea microbes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrically switchable ON-OFF spin-orbit torque in an ionic-gated metallic trilayer. SCIADV, 11(12), eadr0457. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {With the advancement of magnetization-based spintronic applications, there has been considerable interest in spin-orbit torque as an electric technique to dynamically manipulate magnetization. In this study, gate-induced ON-OFF switchable spin-orbit torque in Pt/Co/Pt spin-orbit device using the ionic gating technique is reported. By canceling the spin currents from Pt layers, the OFF state is attained in Pt/Co/Pt spin-orbit device. Notably, under a strong negative gate electric field applied to the Pt/Co/Pt spin-orbit device, the damping-like spin-orbit torque is markedly enhanced over sixfold compared with the applied positive gate electric field. We show that the gate modulation of the spin-orbit torque in the Pt/Co/Pt spin-orbit device can be explained by considering the change of the spin-charge interconversion by electric gating. This research serves as a promising avenue for electrically programmable spintronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Soobeom Lee and Suhyeok An and Eunchong Baek and Dongryul Kim and Jaeyong Cho and Chun-Yeol You}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0457}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadr0457}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrically switchable ON-OFF spin-orbit torque in an ionic-gated metallic trilayer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-temperature surface state in kondo insulator U3Bi4Ni3. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq9952. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The resurgence of interest in Kondo insulators has been driven by two major mysteries: the presence of metallic surface states and the observation of quantum oscillations. To further explore these mysteries, it is crucial to investigate another similar system beyond the two existing ones, SmB 6 and YbB 12 . Here, we address this by reporting on a Kondo insulator, U 3 Bi 4 Ni 3 . Our transport measurements reveal that a surface state emerges below 250 kelvin and dominates transport properties below 150 kelvin, which is well above the temperature scale of SmB 6 and YbB 12 . At low temperatures, the surface conductivity is about one order of magnitude higher than the bulk. The robustness of the surface state indicates that it is inherently protected. The similarities and differences between U 3 Bi 4 Ni 3 and the other two Kondo insulators will provide valuable insights into the nature of metallic surface states in Kondo insulators and their interplay with strong electron correlations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christopher Broyles and Xiaohan Wan and Wenting Cheng and Dingsong Wu and Hengxin Tan and Qiaozhi Xu and Shannon L. Gould and Hasan Siddiquee and Leyan Xiao and Ryan Chen and Wanyue Lin and Yuchen Wu and Prakash Regmi and Yun Suk Eo and Jieyi Liu and Yulin Chen and Binghai Yan and Kai Sun and Sheng Ran}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9952}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq9952}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-temperature surface state in kondo insulator U3Bi4Ni3}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Teleconnection from arctic warming suppresses long-term warming in central eurasia. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq9461. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Whether the rapid warming of the Arctic, particularly the Barents-Kara Sea (BKS), substantially affects the Eurasian winter climate has been debated for over a decade. Here, we use an extended dynamical adjustment method to separate the effects of internal dynamics and thermodynamically forced BKS warming on atmospheric circulation, relying solely on observations. Evidence shows that the observed link between BKS warming and Eurasian cooling is influenced by both atmospheric internal variability and forced BKS warming. Internal variability, particularly the Arctic Oscillation, predominantly contributed to the observed Eurasian cooling from 1991 to 2012. While BKS warming has a weaker impact on Eurasian cooling on interannual to interdecadal timescales, it notably affects multidecadal scales, contributing to the observed “warming hole” in central Eurasia during 1980–2022. Our findings suggest a weak but non-negligible Eurasian cooling response to BKS warming on multidecadal timescales. These findings advance the understanding of the complex causal relationships between Arctic and mid-latitude climates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hainan Gong and Lin Wang and James A. Screen and Wen Chen and Judah Cohen and Renguang Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9461}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq9461}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Teleconnection from arctic warming suppresses long-term warming in central eurasia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). USP8 and hsp70 regulate endoreplication by synergistically promoting fzr deubiquitination and stabilization. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq9111. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endoreplication is characterized by multiple rounds of DNA replication without cell division and determines the growth and final size of endoreplicating cells and tissues in eukaryotes. The cyclic ubiquitination and degradation of several cell cycle regulators are required for endoreplication progression. However, the deubiquitinase that deubiquitinates and stabilizes key factors to modulate endoreplication remains unknown. Here, we found in the endoreplicating Drosophila salivary gland and Bombyx silk gland that the depletion of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8 (USP8) led to endoreplication arrest and a decrease in gland size. Mechanistically, we showed that USP8 interacted with the Fizzy-related (Fzr) protein, a conserved master regulator of endoreplication, thereby deubiquitinating and stabilizing Fzr to modulate endoreplication. Moreover, the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) mediated proper folding of Fzr and increased the interaction between Fzr and USP8, thereby promoting the deubiquitination and stabilization of Fzr. Together, our study demonstrates that USP8 and Hsp70 regulate endoreplication by synergistically maintaining Fzr stability though deubiquitination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenliang Qian and Xing Zhang and Dongqin Yuan and Yuting Wu and Hao Li and Ling Wei and Zheng Li and Zongcai Dai and Pei Song and Qiaoling Sun and Zizhang Zhou and Qingyou Xia and Daojun Cheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9111}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq9111}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {USP8 and hsp70 regulate endoreplication by synergistically promoting fzr deubiquitination and stabilization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distortion-free sampling of ultrabroadband terahertz electric fields by interfacial spin accumulation. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq7741. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In spintronics, FM|HM stacks consisting of a ferromagnetic-metal (FM) and a heavy-metal (HM) layer are model systems for spin transport and spin-charge interconversion. To explore their potential as detectors for ultrabroadband terahertz electromagnetic pulses, we measure the transient optical birefringence the terahertz field induces. Notably, the signal component linear in the FM magnetization agrees excellently with the shape of the incident terahertz electric field at 1 to 13 terahertz and beyond. Analysis indicates that the birefringence arises from the terahertz-field–driven spin accumulation at the FM/HM interface through the spin Rashba-Edelstein effect (SREE). Because of spin-momentum locking, the SREE decays by electron momentum relaxation in <10 femtoseconds, substantially faster than a spin-Hall-effect–induced bulk spin accumulation. Our experiment demonstrates straightforward spintronic sampling of intense ultrabroadband terahertz fields with flat amplitude and phase response. Furthermore, it provides temporal signatures of the SREE and can be viewed as a versatile implementation of interface-specific terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander L. Chekhov and Yannic Behovits and Julius J. F. Heitz and Maria-Andromachi Syskaki and Samridh Jaiswal and Oliver Gueckstock and Bruno R. Serrano and Amon Ruge and Jana Kredl and Martin Wolf and Markus Münzenberg and Gerhard Jakob and Mathias Kläui and Tom S. Seifert and Tobias Kampfrath}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7741}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq7741}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distortion-free sampling of ultrabroadband terahertz electric fields by interfacial spin accumulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure and dynamics determine g protein coupling specificity at a class a GPCR. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq3971. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) exhibit varying degrees of selectivity for different G protein isoforms. Despite the abundant structures of GPCR–G protein complexes, little is known about the mechanism of G protein coupling specificity. The β 2 -adrenergic receptor is an example of GPCR with high selectivity for Gαs, the stimulatory G protein for adenylyl cyclase, and much weaker for the Gαi family of G proteins inhibiting adenylyl cyclase. By developing a Gαi-biased agonist (LM189), we provide structural and biophysical evidence supporting that distinct conformations at ICL2 and TM6 are required for coupling of the different G protein subtypes Gαs and Gαi. These results deepen our understanding of G protein specificity and bias and can accelerate the design of ligands that select for preferred signaling pathways.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marina Casiraghi and Haoqing Wang and Patrick C. Brennan and Chris Habrian and Harald Hübner and Maximilian F. Schmidt and Luis Maul and Biswaranjan Pani and Sherif M. F. M. Bahriz and Bing Xu and Nico Staffen and Tufa E. Assafa and Bohan Chen and Elizabeth White and Roger K. Sunahara and Asuka Inoue and Yang K. Xiang and Robert J. Lefkowitz and Ehud Y. Isacoff and Nathaniel Nucci and Peter Gmeiner and Michael T. Lerch and Brian K. Kobilka}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3971}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq3971}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure and dynamics determine g protein coupling specificity at a class a GPCR}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Calcium-activated ion channels drive atypical inhibition in medial habenula neurons. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq2629. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nicotine is an addictive substance that poses substantial health and societal challenges. Despite the known links between the medial habenula (MHb) and nicotine avoidance, the ionic mechanisms underlying MHb neuronal responses to nicotine remain unclear. Here, we report that MHb neurons use a long-lasting refractory period (LLRP) as an unconventional inhibitory mechanism to curb hyperexcitability. This process is initiated by nicotine-induced calcium influx through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which activates a calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). Owing to high intracellular chloride levels in MHb neurons, chloride efflux through CaCC, coupled with high-threshold voltage-gated calcium channels, sustains MHb depolarization near the chloride equilibrium potential of −30 millivolts, thereby enabling LLRP. Concurrently, calcium-activated BK potassium channels counteract this depolarization, promoting LLRP termination. Our findings reveal an atypical inhibitory mechanism, orchestrated by synergistic actions between calcium-permeable and calcium-activated channels. This discovery advances our understanding of neuronal excitability control and nicotine addiction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takafumi Kawai and Ping Dong and Konstantin Bakhurin and Henry H. Yin and Huanghe Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2629}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq2629}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Calcium-activated ion channels drive atypical inhibition in medial habenula neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural basis for the substrate recognition and transport mechanism of the human y+LAT1-4F2hc transporter complex. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq0558. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Heteromeric amino acid transporters (HATs), including y + LAT1-4F2hc complex, are responsible for transporting amino acids across membranes, and mutations in y + LAT1 cause lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI), a hereditary disorder characterized by defective cationic amino acid transport. The relationship between LPI and specific mutations in y + LAT1 has yet to be fully understood. In this study, we characterized the function of y + LAT1-4F2hc complex in mammalian cells and determined the cryo-EM structures of the human y + LAT1-4F2hc complex in two distinct conformations: the apo state in an inward-open conformation and the native substrate-bound state in an outward-open conformation. Structural analysis suggests that Asp 243 in y + LAT1 plays a crucial role in coordination with sodium ion and substrate selectivity. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations further revealed the different transport mechanism of cationic amino acids and neutral amino acids. These results provide important insights into the mechanisms of the substrate binding and working cycle of HATs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Dai and Qian Zeng and Ting Zhang and Yuanyuan Zhang and Yi Shi and Yaning Li and Kangtai Xu and Jing Huang and Zilong Wang and Qiang Zhou and Renhong Yan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0558}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq0558}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural basis for the substrate recognition and transport mechanism of the human y+LAT1-4F2hc transporter complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distinct attentional characteristics of neurons with visual feature coding in the primate brain. SCIADV, 11(12), eadq0332. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Visual attention and object recognition are two critical cognitive functions that shape our perception of the world. While these neural processes converge in the temporal cortex, the nature of their interactions remains largely unclear. Here, we systematically investigated the interplay between visual attention and stimulus feature coding by training macaques to perform a free-gaze visual search task with natural stimuli. Recording from a large number of units across multiple brain areas, we found that units exhibiting visual feature coding showed stronger attentional modulation of responses and spike–local field potential coherence than units without feature coding. Across brain areas, attention directed toward search targets enhanced the neuronal pattern separation of stimuli, with this enhancement more pronounced for units encoding visual features. Together, our results suggest a complex interplay between visual feature and attention coding in the primate brain, likely driven by interactions between brain areas engaged in these processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jie Zhang and Runnan Cao and Xiaocang Zhu and Huihui Zhou and Shuo Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0332}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadq0332}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distinct attentional characteristics of neurons with visual feature coding in the primate brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Emergence of a senescent and inflammatory pulmonary CD4+ t cell population prior to lung allograft failure. SCIADV, 11(12), eadp9052. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Survival after lung transplantation is limited by chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), an alloimmune fibrotic process leading to death or retransplantation after a median of 6 years. Immunosuppression fails to prevent CLAD, suggesting the existence of drug-resistant alloimmune pathways. We used time-of-flight mass cytometry to identify cells enriched in the bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with subsequent acute lung allograft dysfunction (ALAD), a risk factor for CLAD. We show that CD4 + CD57 + PD1 + T cells emerge in stable patients, conferring risks for ALAD, CLAD, and death. These cells are senescent, secrete inflammatory cytokines, and fall into two oligoclonal subsets with putative cytotoxic and follicular helper functions. Last, they are associated with fibrosis in mouse and human lung allografts, where they localize near airway epithelium and B cells. Together, our findings reveal an inflammatory T cell population that predicts future lung allograft dysfunction and may represent a rational therapeutic target.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sajad Moshkelgosha and Liran Levy and Shahideh Safavi and Sumiha Karunagaran and Gavin Wilson and Benjamin Renaud-Picard and Goodness Madu and Rashi Ramchandani and Jillian Oliver and Tatsuaki Watanabe and Ke Fan Bei and Betty Joe and Qixuan Li and Ella Huszti and May Cheung and David Hedley and Jonathan Yeung and Shaf Keshavjee and Tereza Martinu and Stephen Juvet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9052}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadp9052}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Emergence of a senescent and inflammatory pulmonary CD4+ t cell population prior to lung allograft failure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A nucleus-encoded dynamin-like protein controls endosymbiont division in the trypanosomatid angomonas deanei. SCIADV, 11(12), eadp8518. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Angomonas deanei is a trypanosomatid of the Strigomonadinae. All members of this subfamily contain a single β-proteobacterial endosymbiont. Intriguingly, cell cycles of host and endosymbiont are synchronized. The molecular mechanisms underlying this notable level of integration are unknown. Previously, we identified a nucleus-encoded dynamin-like protein, called ETP9, that localizes at the endosymbiont division site of A. deanei . Here, we found by comparative genomics that endosymbionts throughout the Strigomonadinae lost the capacity to autonomously form a division septum. We describe the cell cycle–dependent subcellular localization of ETP9 that follows accumulation of the bacterium-encoded division protein FtsZ at the endosymbiont division site. Furthermore, we found that ETP9 is essential in symbiotic but dispensable in aposymbiotic A. deanei that lost the endosymbiont. In the symbiotic strain, ETP9 knockdowns resulted in filamentous, division-impaired endosymbionts. Our work unveiled that in A. deanei an endosymbiont division machinery of dual genetic origin evolved in which a neo-functionalized host protein compensates for losses of endosymbiont division genes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anay K. Maurya and Lena Kröninger and Georg Ehret and Miriam Bäumers and Marcel Marson and Stefanie Scheu and Eva C. M. Nowack}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8518}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadp8518}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A nucleus-encoded dynamin-like protein controls endosymbiont division in the trypanosomatid angomonas deanei}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Short-lived reactive components substantially contribute to particulate matter oxidative potential. SCIADV, 11(12), eadp8100. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) has been attributed to millions of deaths annually. However, the PM components responsible for observed health effects remain unclear. Oxidative potential (OP) has gained increasing attention as a key property that may explain PM toxicity. Using online measurement methods that impinge particles for OP quantification within seconds, we reveal that 60 to 99% of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and OP in secondary organic aerosol and combustion-generated PM have a lifetime of minutes to hours and that the ROS activity of ambient PM decays substantially before offline analysis. This implies that current offline measurement methods substantially underestimate the true OP of PM. We demonstrate that short-lived OP components activate different toxicity pathways upon direct deposition onto reconstituted human bronchial epithelia. Therefore, we suggest that future air pollution and health studies should include online OP quantification, allowing more accurate assessments of links between OP and health effects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Steven J. Campbell and Battist Utinger and Alexandre Barth and Zaira Leni and Zhi-Hui Zhang and Julian Resch and Kangwei Li and Sarah S. Steimer and Catherine Banach and Benjamin Gfeller and Francis P. H. Wragg and Joe Westwood and Kate Wolfer and Nicolas Bukowiecki and Mika Ihalainen and Pasi Yli-Pirilä and Markus Somero and Miika Kortelainen and Juho Louhisalmi and Martin Sklorz and Hendryk Czech and Sebastiano di Bucchianico and Thorsten Streibel and Mathilde N. Delaval and Christopher Ruger and Nathalie Baumlin and Matthias Salathe and Zheng Fang and Michal Pardo and Sara D’Aronco and Chiara Giorio and Zongbo Shi and Roy M. Harrison and David C. Green and Frank J. Kelly and Yinon Rudich and Suzanne E. Paulson and Olli Sippula and Ralf Zimmermann and Marianne Geiser and Markus Kalberer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8100}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadp8100}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Short-lived reactive components substantially contribute to particulate matter oxidative potential}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evidence and quantification of memory effects in competitive first-passage events. SCIADV, 11(12), eadp2386. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Splitting probabilities quantify the likelihood of a given outcome out of competitive events. This key observable of random walk theory, historically introduced as the gambler’s ruin problem, is well understood for memoryless (Markovian) processes. However, in complex systems such as polymer fluids, the motion of a particle should typically be described as a process with memory, for which splitting probabilities are much less characterized analytically. Here, we introduce an analytical approach that provides the splitting probabilities for one-dimensional isotropic non-Markovian Gaussian processes with stationary increments, in the case of two targets. This analysis shows that splitting probabilities are controlled by the out-of-equilibrium trajectories observed after the first passage. This is directly evidenced in a prototypical experimental reaction scheme in viscoelastic fluids. These results are extended to d -dimensional processes in large confining volumes, opening a path toward the study of competitive events in complex media.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maxim Dolgushev and Toni Vieira Mendes and Benjamin Gorin and Kaili Xie and Nicolas Levernier and Olivier Bénichou and Hamid Kellay and Raphaël Voituriez and Thomas Guérin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp2386}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadp2386}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evidence and quantification of memory effects in competitive first-passage events}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep tissue sensing of chiral molecules using polarization-enhanced photoacoustics. SCIADV, 11(12), eado8012. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chiral molecule sensing is typically performed using techniques like chromatography, electrophoresis, enzymatic assays, mass spectrometry, and chiroptical methods. While polarimetry allows for in vivo sensing up to 1 mm depth using ultraviolet-visible light, it is limited by dominant light scattering beyond this depth. We propose that photoacoustic sensing in the near-infrared II (NIR-II) window can enable deep tissue sensing as acoustic waves scatter less than light. To achieve this, we developed a photoacoustic polarization–enhanced optical rotation sensing (PAPEORS) system, capable of estimating optical rotation from photoacoustic signals and correlating it with chiral molecular concentration for depths up to 3.5 mm. Experiments were conducted using aqueous glucose solutions, naproxen, serum-based glucose samples, and ex vivo chicken tissue. PAPEORS achieved a detection limit of 80 mg/dl while using circularly polarized light with serum samples, demonstrating the potential for deep-tissue chiral molecular sensing. PAPEORS holds promise for in vivo sensing and easy miniaturization using single wavelength.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Swathi Padmanabhan and Jaya Prakash}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado8012}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eado8012}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep tissue sensing of chiral molecules using polarization-enhanced photoacoustics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Skin regional specification and higher-order HoxC regulation. SCIADV, 11(12), eado2223. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The integument plays a critical role in functional adaptation, with macro-regional specification forming structures like beaks, combs, feathers, and scales, while micro-regional specification modifies skin appendage shapes. However, the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Craniofacial integument displays dramatic diversity, exemplified by the Polish chicken (PC) with a homeotic transformation of comb-to-crest feathers, caused by a 195–base pair (bp) duplication in HoxC10 intron. Micro-C analyses show that HoxC-containing topologically associating domain (TAD) is normally closed in the scalp but open in the dorsal and tail regions, allowing multiple long-distance contacts. In the PC scalp, the TAD is open, resulting in high HoxC expression. CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of the 195-bp duplication reduces crest feather formation, and HoxC misexpression alters feather shapes. The 195-bp sequence is found only in Archelosauria (crocodilians and birds) and not in mammals. These findings suggest that higher-order regulation of the HoxC cluster modulates gene expression, driving the evolution of adaptive integumentary appendages in birds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shu-Man Hsieh Li and Ya-Chen Liang and Ting-Xin Jiang and Wen Chien Jea and Chih-Kuan Chen and Jiayi Lu and Daniel Núñez-León and Zhou Yu and Yung-Chih Lai and Randall B. Widelitz and Leif Andersson and Ping Wu and Cheng-Ming Chuong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado2223}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eado2223}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Skin regional specification and higher-order HoxC regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). AMPK-dependent parkin activation suppresses macrophage antigen presentation to promote tumor progression. SCIADV, 11(12), eadn8402. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The constrained cross-talk between myeloid cells and T cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) restricts cancer immunotherapy efficacy, whereas the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase renowned for mitochondrial quality control, has emerged as a regulator of immune response. Here, we show that both systemic and macrophage-specific ablations of Parkin in mice lead to attenuated tumor progression and prolonged mouse survival. By single-cell RNA-seq and flow cytometry, we demonstrate that Parkin deficiency reshapes the TIME through activating both innate and adaptive immunities to control tumor progression and recurrence. Mechanistically, Parkin activation by AMP-activated protein kinase rather than PTEN-induced kinase 1 mediated major histocompatibility complex I down-regulation on macrophages via Autophagy related 5–dependent autophagy. Furthermore, Parkin deletion synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade treatment and Park2 −/− signature aids in predicting the prognosis of patients with solid tumor. Our findings uncover Parkin’s involvement in suppressing macrophage antigen presentation for coordinating the cross-talk between macrophages and T cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinyu Wang and Yiyi Li and Yan Li and Xiumei Wang and Hongrui Song and Yingzhao Wang and Chunliu Huang and Chengzhou Mao and Lixiang Wang and Cheng Zhong and Di Yu and Zijin Xia and Yongyi Feng and Jingjing Duan and Yujia Liu and Juanjuan Ou and Congzhou Luo and Wenhao Mai and Hai Hong and Weibin Cai and Limin Zheng and Jean-François Trempe and Edward A. Fon and Jing Liao and Wei Yi and Jun Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn8402}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadn8402}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {AMPK-dependent parkin activation suppresses macrophage antigen presentation to promote tumor progression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phi29 assembly intermediates reveal how scaffold interactions with capsid protein drive capsid construction and maturation. SCIADV, 11(12), eadk8779. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The self-assembly of bacteriophage capsids from major capsid proteins (MCPs) and scaffolding proteins (SPs) and the subsequent expansion of these capsids are essential steps in bacteriophage life cycles. However, the mechanism by which assembly occurs remains poorly understood, and few intermediate states are available to illuminate the expansion of meta-stable procapsids into robust mature capsids. Here, we present the structure of a partially expanded phi29 procapsid that reveals distinct conformations of MCPs and allows visualization of SPs in multiple oligomeric states. These results suggest that formation of SP dimers, tetramers, and higher-order oligomers drives dissociation of SP from MCP to actuate capsid expansion. Hexons expand first, and we propose penton maturation is delayed by a symmetry match with SP oligomers. We further show that the prolate shape of phi29’s capsid is possible due to concave hexons in the equatorial region of the capsid that may alter interactions with SP and explain the observed dependence of the prolate shape on SP.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael Woodson and Nikolai S. Prokhorov and Seth D. Scott and Wei Zhao and Wei Zhang and Kyung H. Choi and Paul J. Jardine and Marc C. Morais}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk8779}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadk8779}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phi29 assembly intermediates reveal how scaffold interactions with capsid protein drive capsid construction and maturation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Immunoengineered mitochondria for efficient therapy of acute organ injuries via modulation of inflammation and cell repair. SCIADV, 11(12), eadj1896. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acute organ injuries represent a major public health concern, driven by inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to cell damage and organ failure. In this study, we engineered neutrophil membrane–fused mitochondria (nMITO), which combine the injury-targeting and anti-inflammatory properties of neutrophil membrane proteins with the cell repairing function of mitochondria. nMITO effectively blocked inflammatory cascades and restored mitochondrial function, targeting both key mechanisms in acute organ injuries. In addition, nMITO selectively targeted damaged endothelial cells via β-integrins and were delivered to injured tissues through tunneling nanotubes, enhancing their regulatory effects on inflammation and cell damage. In mouse models of acute myocardial injury, liver injury, and pancreatitis, nMITO notably reduced inflammatory responses and repaired tissue damage. These findings suggest that nMITO is a promising therapeutic strategy for managing acute organ injuries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qing Zhang and Yan Shen and Chengyuan Zhang and Hanyi Zhang and Xuemei Li and Shengqian Yang and Chen Dai and Xiuyan Yu and Jie Lou and Jinwei Feng and Chenglu Hu and Zhihua Lin and Xiaohui Li and Xing Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adj1896}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadj1896}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Immunoengineered mitochondria for efficient therapy of acute organ injuries via modulation of inflammation and cell repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pathway-instructed therapeutic selection of ruxolitinib reduces neuroinflammation in fungal postinfectious inflammatory syndrome. SCIADV, 11(12), eadi9885. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Therapies to reduce neuroinflammation following resolution of acute central nervous system (CNS) infections are urgently needed, particularly for patients with non–HIV-associated cryptococcal meningoencephalitis complicated by a postinfectious inflammatory response syndrome (cPIIRS). To identify druggable targets in cPIIRS, patient cerebral spinal fluid samples underwent transcriptional analysis, revealing a Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway dominance in neuroinflammatory gene signatures. MurinecPIIRS models recapitulated this pathway predominance and treatment with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib, confirmed a mechanistic requirement for this pathway in disease pathology. Ruxolitinib treatment improved markers of neuronal damage, reduced activated T cell and myeloid cells, and improved weight. On the basis of these findings, we conducted a first-in-human ruxolitinib treatment of patients with cPIIRS (NCT00001352). Ruxolitinib treatment of six patients led to demonstrated tolerability, reductions in inflammatory biomarkers and activated immune cells, and improved brain imaging. These results advocate for pathway-instructed therapeutics in neuroinflammatory diseases and endorse JAK inhibitors in further clinical studies of cPIIRS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica C. Hargarten and Kenneth Ssebambulidde and Seher H. Anjum and Malcolm J. Vaughan and Jintao Xu and Anutosh Ganguly and Brittany Dulek and Francisco Otaizo-Carrasquero and Brian Song and Sijia Tao and Yoon-Dong Park and Terri L. Scott and Tracey-Ann Höltermann and Raymond F. Schinazi and Prashant Chittiboina and Bridgette Jeanne Billioux and Dima A. Hammoud and Michal A. Olszewski and Peter R. Williamson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adi9885}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {12}, pages = {eadi9885}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pathway-instructed therapeutic selection of ruxolitinib reduces neuroinflammation in fungal postinfectious inflammatory syndrome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 10 years of progress and change. SCIADV, 11(11), eadx0318. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ten years ago, Science Advances published its very first issue (www.science.org/toc/sciadv/1/1). It was a monthly issue and had 12 papers in total. Since then, much has happened for the journal, for scientific research, and for countries around the world. Science Advances has seen Donald Trump elected President of the United States twice, Brexit wreaking havoc in the UK and Europe, and wars in Ukraine and Gaza. It has seen China continue to grow as a scientific power. In science, it has chronicled the explosion of artificial intelligence and quantum computing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura Remis and H. Holden Thorp}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adx0318}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadx0318}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {10 years of progress and change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The oral drug obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against lethal ebola virus infection. SCIADV, 11(11), eadw0659. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Obeldesivir (ODV; GS-5245) is an orally administered ester prodrug of the parent nucleoside GS-441524 that has broad spectrum antiviral activity inhibiting viral RNA–dependent RNA polymerases. We recently showed that ODV completely protects cynomolgus macaques against lethal infection with Sudan virus when given 24 hours after parenteral exposure. Here, we report that once daily oral ODV treatment of cynomolgus and rhesus macaques for 10 days confers 80 and 100% protection, respectively, against lethal Ebola virus infection when treatment is initiated 24 hours after mucosal (conjunctival) exposure. ODV treatment delayed viral replication to abate excessive inflammation and promote adaptive immunity. For outbreak response, oral antivirals might present substantial advantages over now approved intravenous drugs, such as easy supply, storage, distribution, and administration. Furthermore, these results support the potential of ODV as an oral postexposure prophylaxis with broad spectrum activity across filoviruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Courtney Woolsey and Robert W. Cross and Victor C. Chu and Abhishek N. Prasad and Krystle N. Agans and Viktoriya Borisevich and Daniel J. Deer and Mack B. Harrison and Jasmine K. Martinez and Natalie S. Dobias and Karla A. Fenton and Tomas Cihlar and Anh-Quan Nguyen and Darius Babusis and Roy Bannister and Meghan S. Vermillion and Thomas W. Geisbert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw0659}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadw0659}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The oral drug obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against lethal ebola virus infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An enzymatic cleavage-triggered minimally invasive nanosensor for urine-based detection of early atherosclerosis. SCIADV, 11(11), eadu7614. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Timely detection of early atherosclerosis (AS) is crucial for improving cardiovascular outcomes, creating a growing demand for diagnostic tools that are simple, sensitive, and cost-effective. Here, we introduce a synthetic nanosensor for early AS detection that leverages the fluorescence and renal clearance properties of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). This nanosensor, designed to respond to the proteolytic activity of AS-associated dysregulated enzymes, entails CQDs as signal reporters to convert AS-associated proteolytic activity to fluorometric readings enabling a sensitive and cost-effective urine-based assay for early AS detection. Our findings demonstrated that the nanosensor provided distinct signals in atherosclerotic versus healthy mice at early AS stages, indicating its diagnostic potential. Moreover, toxicity tests showed no notable adverse effects, supporting its safety for diagnostic applications. This minimally invasive diagnostic approach could facilitate personalized therapy design and continuous efficacy assessment. It is expected that such a modular nanosensor platform can be integrated with simple urine tests to offer cost-effective detection of various diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhina Wu and Rui Liu and Jianai Chen and Xueying Cai and Jingzheng Yi and Jiasi Wang and Di Wang and Min Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7614}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadu7614}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An enzymatic cleavage-triggered minimally invasive nanosensor for urine-based detection of early atherosclerosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Counterions influence the isothermal self-assembly of DNA nanostructures. SCIADV, 11(11), eadu7366. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA nanostructures are typically assembled by thermal annealing in buffers containing magnesium. We demonstrate the assembly of DNA nanostructures at constant temperatures ranging from 4° to 50°C in solutions containing different counterions. The choice of counterions and the assembly temperature influence the isothermal assembly of several DNA motifs and designed three-dimensional DNA crystals. Molecular dynamics simulations show more fluctuations of the DNA structure in select monovalent ions (Na + and K + ) compared to divalent ions (Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ). A key highlight is the successful assembly of DNA motifs in nickel-containing buffer at temperatures below 40°C, otherwise unachievable at higher temperatures or using an annealing protocol. DNA nanostructures isothermally assembled in different ions do not affect the viability of fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes or the immune response in myoblasts. The use of ions other than the typically used magnesium holds key potential in biological and materials science applications that require minimal amounts of magnesium.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arlin Rodriguez and Bharath Raj Madhanagopal and Kahini Sarkar and Zohreh Nowzari and Johnsi Mathivanan and Hannah Talbot and Akul Patel and Vinod Morya and Ken Halvorsen and Sweta Vangaveti and J. Andrew Berglund and Arun Richard Chandrasekaran}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7366}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadu7366}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Counterions influence the isothermal self-assembly of DNA nanostructures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polyelectrolyte-based wireless and drift-free iontronic sensors for orthodontic sensing. SCIADV, 11(11), eadu6086. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The real-time monitoring of health conditions of humans is a long-lasting topic, but there are two major challenges. First, many biomedical applications accept only implanted sensors. Second, tissue-like soft sensors often suffer from viscoelasticity-induced signal drift, causing inaccurate measurements. Here, we report a wireless and drift-free sensory system enabled by a low-creep polyelectrolyte elastomer. The system consists of the iontronic pressure sensors incorporating inductance-capacitance (LC) oscillators, exhibiting combined low drift ratio, high Q factor, high robustness to interferences, and wide-range measurement, superior to other capacitive sensors using regular dielectrics or ionogels. We have recorded 14-day orthodontic loads of two subjects using the system, showing pressure decreasing from 300 to 50 kPa and torque from 12.5 to 0.5 N·mm. The wireless, drift-free sensory system may be extended to other implants for long-term and accurate sensing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jia Song and Rusong Yang and Junli Shi and Xingxing Chen and Sai Xie and Zelong Liao and Ruijie Zou and Yupeng Feng and Terry Tao Ye and Chuan Fei Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6086}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadu6086}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polyelectrolyte-based wireless and drift-free iontronic sensors for orthodontic sensing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). EBAX-1/ZSWIM8 destabilizes miRNAs, resulting in transgenerational inheritance of a predatory trait. SCIADV, 11(11), eadu0875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Environmental influences on traits and associated transgenerational epigenetic inheritance have widespread implications but remain controversial and underlying mechanisms poorly understood. We introduce long-term environmental induction experiments on alternative diets in Pristionchus pacificus , a nematode exhibiting mouth-form plasticity including predation, by propagating 110 isogenic lines for 101 generations with associated food-reversal experiments. We found dietary induction and subsequent transgenerational inheritance of the predatory morph and identified a role of ubiquitin ligase EBAX-1/ZSWIM8 in this process. Ppa-ebax-1 mutants are transgenerational inheritance defective, and Ppa- EBAX-1 destabilizes the clustered microRNA family miR-2235a/miR-35. Deletions of a cluster of 44 identical miR-2235a copies resulted in precocious and extended transgenerational inheritance of the predatory morph. These findings indicate that EBAX-1/ZSWIM8 destabilizes miRNAs, resulting in transgenerational inheritance, suggesting a role for target-directed miRNA degradation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shiela Pearl Quiobe and Ata Kalirad and Waltraud Röseler and Hanh Witte and Yinan Wang and Christian Rödelsperger and Ralf J. Sommer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadu0875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {EBAX-1/ZSWIM8 destabilizes miRNAs, resulting in transgenerational inheritance of a predatory trait}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spraying of water microdroplets forms luminescence and causes chemical reactions in surrounding gas. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt8979. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {When neutral water is sprayed, oppositely charged microdroplets are formed. The close approach of oppositely charged microdroplets causes an electrical discharge and leads to luminescent emission. The light emission happens without any external voltage applied, and the electrical discharge is sufficiently energetic to excite, dissociate, or ionize surrounding neutral gas molecules. Thus, sprayed water microdroplets cause chemical reactions to occur. Similar findings to the Urey-Miller experiment were observed by spraying room temperature water microdroplets into a gas mixture containing nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and ammonia, which leads to the synthesis of organic molecules containing carbon-nitrogen (C─N) bonds. These observations provide another explanation for unique reactivity at the gas-water interface, as well as a possible mechanism for making the building blocks of life on early Earth.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifan Meng and Yu Xia and Jinheng Xu and Richard N. Zare}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8979}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt8979}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spraying of water microdroplets forms luminescence and causes chemical reactions in surrounding gas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Liquid-bodied antibiofilm robot with switchable viscoelastic response for biofilm eradication on complex surface topographies. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt8213. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recalcitrant biofilm infections pose a great challenge to human health. Micro- and nanorobots have been used to eliminate biofilm infections in hard-to-reach regions inside the body. However, applying antibiofilm robots under physiological conditions is limited by the conflicting demands of accessibility and driving force. Here, we introduce a liquid-bodied antibiofilm robot constructed by a dynamically cross-linked magnetic hydrogel. Leveraging the viscoelastic response of the robot enables it to adapt to complex surface topographies such as medical meshes and stents. Upon actuation, the robot can mechanically destroy the biofilm matrix, chemically deactivate bacterial cells, and collect disrupted biofilm debris. The robot’s antibiofilm performance is studied in vitro and demonstrated on a medical mesh and a biliary stent. Tracking and navigation under endoscopy and x-ray imaging in an ex vivo porcine bile duct are demonstrated. Last, in vivo antibiofilm treatment is conducted by indwelling infected stents into mice’s abdominal cavity and clearing the biofilm infection using the proposed robot.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bonan Sun and Junjia Guo and Bo Hao and Yanfei Cao and Tony K. F. Chan and Mengmeng Sun and Joseph J. Y. Sung and Li Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8213}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt8213}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Liquid-bodied antibiofilm robot with switchable viscoelastic response for biofilm eradication on complex surface topographies}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Confronting earth system model trends with observations. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt8035. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anthropogenically forced climate change signals are emerging from the noise of internal variability in observations, and the impacts on society are growing. For decades, Climate or Earth System Models have been predicting how these climate change signals will unfold. While challenges remain, given the growing forced trends and the lengthening observational record, the climate science community is now in a position to confront the signals, as represented by historical trends, in models with observations. This review covers the state of the science on the ability of models to represent historical trends in the climate system. It also outlines robust procedures that should be used when comparing modeled and observed trends and how to move beyond quantification into understanding. Finally, this review discusses cutting-edge methods for identifying sources of discrepancies and the importance of future confrontations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Isla R. Simpson and Tiffany A. Shaw and Paulo Ceppi and Amy C. Clement and Erich Fischer and Kevin M. Grise and Angeline G. Pendergrass and James A. Screen and Robert C. J. Wills and Tim Woollings and Russell Blackport and Joonsuk M. Kang and Stephen Po-Chedley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8035}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt8035}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Confronting earth system model trends with observations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tissue stiffness mapping by light sheet elastography. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt7274. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tissue stiffness plays a crucial role in regulating morphogenesis. The ability to measure and monitor the dynamic progression of tissue stiffness is important for generating and testing mechanistic hypotheses. Methods to measure tissue properties in vivo have been emerging but present challenges with spatial and temporal resolution especially in 3D, by their reliance on highly specialized equipment, and/or due to their invasive nature. Here, we introduce light sheet elastography, a noninvasive method that couples low-frequency shear waves with light sheet fluorescence microscopy by adapting commercially available instruments. With this method, we achieved in toto stiffness mapping of organ-stage mouse and zebrafish embryos at cellular resolution. Versatility of the method enabled time-lapse stiffness mapping during tissue remodeling and of the beating embryonic heart. This method expands the spectrum of tools available to biologists and presents opportunities for uncovering the mechanical basis of morphogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Zhu and Kaiwen Zhang and Evan C. Thomas and Ran Xu and Brian Ciruna and Sevan Hopyan and Yu Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7274}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt7274}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tissue stiffness mapping by light sheet elastography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oxygen-excluded nanoimaging of polymer blend films. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt6177. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polymer blend films exhibit unique properties and have applications in various fields. However, understanding their nanoscale structures and polymer component distributions remains a challenge. To address this limitation, we have developed a super-resolution fluorescence microscopy–based technique called oxygen-excluded nanoimaging. By using point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography with sulfonate-based dye molecules, we achieved nanoscale imaging of polymer blend films while specifically labeling non-oxygen domains and excluding oxygen-containing domains. This selectivity is attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged sulfonate groups in the dye molecules and the oxygen atoms in the polymer side chains. We demonstrate the applicability of oxygen-excluded nanoimaging to various polymer blend films, enabling domain identification and visualization of nanoscale structures. Our oxygen-excluded nanoimaging technique provides unique insights into the complex phase separation behavior of polymer blends at the nanoscale, opening possibilities for the nanoscale characterization of a wide range of materials beyond polymer blends.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dongmin Lee and Uidon Jeong and Doory Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6177}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt6177}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oxygen-excluded nanoimaging of polymer blend films}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FAP-catalyzed in situ self-assembly of magnetic resonance imaging probe for early and precise staging of liver fibrosis. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt6082. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Liver fibrosis is an inevitable stage in the progression of most chronic liver diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis are crucial for effectively managing chronic liver conditions. However, there lacks a noninvasive and sensitive imaging method capable of early assessing fibrosis activity. Here, we report a molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe for imaging fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is overexpressed on activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) even in very early fibrotic livers. This method relies on FAP-catalyzed in situ self-assembly of its substrate probe that leads to the increase of the rotational correlation time (τ R ) of probe, thereby notably amplifies T 1 MRI signal. Thanks to the superior specificity and efficiency of enzymatic reaction, our method has been validated as highly selective and sensitive to FAP in two liver fibrosis mouse models. By establishing a direct correlation between MRI signals and fibrosis activity, our method enables continuous monitoring of liver fibrotic disease progression and assessment of treatment responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuoyao Wu and Weiwei Zeng and Weitao Yang and Jinyan Yi and Dinghua Liu and Yan Xu and Chang Liu and Kexin Bian and Hui Wang and Bingbo Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6082}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt6082}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FAP-catalyzed in situ self-assembly of magnetic resonance imaging probe for early and precise staging of liver fibrosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pigment removal from reverse-printed laminated flexible films by solvent-targeted recovery and precipitation. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt5841. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The solvent-targeted recovery and precipitation (STRAP) process separates and recovers the constituent resins in multilayer plastic packaging films by selective polymer dissolution. In this work, the cause of coloring in the STRAP-recycled polyethylene (PE) resins from postindustrial printed films was identified as decomposed diarylide pigments. Two different approaches are needed to completely remove the dissolved colorants during the STRAP process including (i) adding an activated carbon (AC) adsorbent to the solvent after polymer dissolution and (ii) proper mechanical filtration of the polymer-solvent cake to remove as much solvent from the cake as possible. Colorless recycled PE can be produced by a combination of the proposed approaches (choosing the proper solvent, adding an AC adsorbent, and doing proper mechanical filtration) with minimal accumulation of colorants in the recycled STRAP solvents. This study demonstrated that high-quality STRAP low-density PE can be obtained from printed plastic films, enhancing the potential circularity of these packaging materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianwei Yan and Charles Granger and Kevin L. Sánchez-Rivera and Panzheng Zhou and Steven Grey and Kevin Nelson and Fei Long and Ezra Bar-Ziv and Reid C. Van Lehn and Styliani Avraamidou and George W. Huber}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5841}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt5841}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pigment removal from reverse-printed laminated flexible films by solvent-targeted recovery and precipitation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Collaborative role of two distinct cilium-specific cytoskeletal systems in driving hedgehog-responsive transcription factor trafficking. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt5439. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In vertebrate Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, the precise output of the final effectors, GLI (glioma-associated oncogene) transcription factors, depends on the primary cilium. Upon pathway initiation, generating the precise levels of the activator form of GLI depends on its concentration at the cilium tip. The mechanisms underlying this critical step in Hh signaling are unclear. We developed an assay to visualize GLI2, the primary GLI activator isoform, at single-particle resolution within the cilium. We found that GLI2 is a cargo of intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery. Anterograde-biased IFT loading of GLI2 in a restricted time window following pathway activation results in the tip accumulation of GLI2. Unexpectedly, we found that the conserved Hh regulator KIF7, a nonmotile kinesin, is important for the temporal control of IFT-mediated GLI2 transport and retention of GLI2 at the cilium tip. Our findings underscore a design principle where a cilia-specific cytoskeletal transport system and an Hh pathway–specific cytoskeletal protein collaboratively regulate GLI2 trafficking for Hh signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pei-I Ku and Jamuna S. Sreeja and Abhishek Chadha and David S. Williams and Martin F. Engelke and Radhika Subramanian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5439}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt5439}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Collaborative role of two distinct cilium-specific cytoskeletal systems in driving hedgehog-responsive transcription factor trafficking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Monolithically integrated solid-state vertical organic electrochemical transistors switching between neuromorphic and logic functions. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt5186. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Manipulating the ionic-electronic coupling in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offers opportunities for interesting phenomena and advanced applications but has not been systematically exploited. Here, we develop monolithically integrated solid-state vertical OECTs to fully explore polyelectrolyte’s strengths, enabling the OECTs to switch between neuromorphic and logic functions. This transition capability is achieved by mastering the complex transport of large-size polycations within the channel through well-designed drain electrodes. Frame drains positioned atop the organic channel act as ion barriers, regulating the penetration and relaxation of polycations. This regulation allows our multilevel synaptic OECTs to transform from short-term depression (STD) to STD-based long-term memory, and eventually to long-term depression (LTD). Conversely, placing frame drains beneath the channel exposes the polyelectrolyte fully, hence yielding high-density logic OECTs, which have been successfully used to construct unipolar integrated circuits such as NOT, NAND, and NOR gates. These achievements represent a substantial advancement in manipulating polyelectrolyte-based ionic-electronic interactions, introducing more possibilities beyond small ion-based OECTs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tianming Li and Zhe Qu and Jiansong Si and Yeji Lee and Vineeth Kumar Bandari and Oliver G. Schmidt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5186}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt5186}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Monolithically integrated solid-state vertical organic electrochemical transistors switching between neuromorphic and logic functions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MLX phosphorylation stabilizes the ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer on tandem E-boxes to control carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt4548. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) and Max-like protein X (MLX) form a heterodimeric transcription factor complex that couples intracellular sugar levels to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. To promote the expression of target genes, two ChREBP-MLX heterodimers form a heterotetramer to bind a tandem element with two adjacent E-boxes, called carbohydrate-responsive element (ChoRE). How the ChREBP-MLX hetero-tetramerization is achieved and regulated remains poorly understood. Here, we show that MLX phosphorylation on an evolutionarily conserved motif is necessary for the heterotetramer formation on the ChoRE and the transcriptional activity of the ChREBP-MLX complex. We identified casein kinase 2 (CK2) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) as MLX kinases. High intracellular glucose-6-phosphate accumulation inhibits MLX phosphorylation and heterotetramer formation on the ChoRE, impairing ChREBP-MLX activity. Physiologically, MLX phosphorylation is necessary in Drosophila to maintain sugar tolerance and lipid homeostasis. Our findings suggest that MLX phosphorylation is a key mechanism for the ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer formation to regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Carla E. Cadena del Castillo and Onur Deniz and Femke van Geest and Lore Rosseels and Ingrid Stockmans and Marius Robciuc and Sebastien Carpentier and Bettina K. Wölnerhanssen and Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach and Ralph Peterli and Ville Hietakangas and Mitsugu Shimobayashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4548}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt4548}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MLX phosphorylation stabilizes the ChREBP-MLX heterotetramer on tandem E-boxes to control carbohydrate and lipid metabolism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Long-term adhesion durability revealed through a rheological paradigm. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt3957. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The question of how long an object can adhere to a surface has intrigued scientists for centuries. Traditional studies focus on rapid crack-propagation detachment and account only for short-term adhesion governed by interfacial-viscoelastic dissipation, failing to explain long-term phenomena like sudden detachment after prolonged adherence and to predict corresponding adhesion lifetimes. Here, we investigate the long-term adhesion through a rheological paradigm using both theory and experiment. By considering both the bulk rheology and interfacial viscoelasticity mechanisms, we show that long-term adhesion durability is governed by the competition between them. This understanding leads to accurate lifetime predictions, which we validate through experiments. In addition, our study reveals a previously undocumented, counterintuitive phenomenon unique to long-term adhesion: the expansion of the contact area under tensile forces, in contrast to short-term adhesion in which the contact area always shrinks during detachment. This research fills a critical gap in adhesion physics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Changhong Linghu and Rui Wu and Yuqing Chen and Yulin Huang and Young-Jae Seo and Hua Li and Guannan Wang and Huajian Gao and K. Jimmy Hsia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3957}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt3957}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Long-term adhesion durability revealed through a rheological paradigm}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Strong interaction between plasmon and topological surface state in Bi2Se3/Cu2-xS nanowires for solar-driven photothermal applications. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt2884. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing high-performance photothermal materials and unraveling the underlying mechanism are essential for photothermal applications. Here, photothermal performance improved by strong interaction between plasmon and topological surface state (TSS) is demonstrated in Bi 2 Se 3 /Cu 2- x S nanowires. This hybrid, which Cu 2- x S nanosheets were grown on Bi 2 Se 3 nanowires, leverages the plasmon resonance and TSS-induced optical property, generating wide and efficient light absorption. A series of tests reveals the strong resonance coupling, TSS-induced hot electron injection, and plasmon-induced hot hole relaxation within the hybrids, endowing the Bi 2 Se 3 /Cu 2- x S with excellent photothermal performance. By integrating the hybrids into a hydrogel with a thermoelectric module, the Bi 2 Se 3 /Cu 2- x S evaporator achieves a remarkable water evaporation rate of 3.67 kilograms per square meter per hour with a solar-to-vapor efficiency of 95.2%, and a maximum output power of 1.078 watts per square meter under simulated sunlight irradiation. Moreover, a conical mirror was introduced to the device, which greatly enhances the evaporation rate and maximum output power without additional energy input.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Liu and Shengfeng Pan and Wenxi Xia and Pingli Qin and Wei Wang and Qingbo Liu and Xiangbai Chen and Liang Ma and Sijing Ding and Ququan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2884}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt2884}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Strong interaction between plasmon and topological surface state in Bi2Se3/Cu2-xS nanowires for solar-driven photothermal applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biological age prediction using a DNN model based on pathways of steroidogenesis. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt2624. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aging involves the progressive accumulation of cellular damage, leading to systemic decline and age-related diseases. Despite advances in medicine, accurately predicting biological age (BA) remains challenging due to the complexity of aging processes and the limitations of current models. This study introduces a method for predicting BA using a deep neural network (DNN) based on pathways of steroidogenesis. We analyzed 22 steroids from 148 serum samples of individuals aged 20 to 73, using 98 samples for model training and 50 for validation. Our model reflects the often-overlooked fact that aging heterogeneity expands over time and uncovers sex-specific variations in steroidogenesis. This study leveraged key markers, including cortisol (COL), which underscore the role of stress-related and sex-specific steroids in aging. The resulting model establishes a biologically meaningful and robust framework for predicting BA across diverse datasets, offering fresh insights and supporting more targeted strategies in aging research and disease management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiuyi Wang and Zi Wang and Kenji Mizuguchi and Toshifumi Takao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2624}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt2624}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biological age prediction using a DNN model based on pathways of steroidogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Privacy violations in election results. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt1512. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {After an election, should election officials release a copy of each anonymous ballot? Some policy-makers have championed public disclosure to counter distrust, but others worry that it might undermine ballot secrecy. We introduce the term vote revelation to refer to the linkage of a vote on an anonymous ballot to the voter’s name in the public voter file and detail how such revelation could theoretically occur. Using the 2020 election in Maricopa County, Arizona, as a case study, we show that the release of individual ballot records would lead to no revelation of any vote choice for 99.83% of voters as compared to 99.95% under Maricopa’s current practice of reporting aggregate results by precinct and method of voting. Further, revelation is overwhelmingly concentrated among the few voters who cast provisional ballots or federal-only ballots. We discuss the potential benefits of transparency, compare remedies to reduce or eliminate privacy violations, and highlight the privacy-transparency trade-off inherent in all election reporting.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shiro Kuriwaki and Jeffrey B. Lewis and Michael Morse}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1512}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt1512}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Privacy violations in election results}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lipoylation inhibition enhances radiation control of lung cancer by suppressing homologous recombination DNA damage repair. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt1241. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lung cancer exhibits altered metabolism, influencing its response to radiation. To investigate the metabolic regulation of radiation response, we conducted a comprehensive, metabolic-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screen using radiation as selection pressure in human non–small cell lung cancer. Lipoylation emerged as a key metabolic target for radiosensitization, with lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1) identified as a top hit. LIPT1 covalently conjugates mitochondrial 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases with lipoic acid, facilitating enzymatic functions involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Inhibiting lipoylation, either through genetic LIPT1 knockout or a lipoylation inhibitor (CPI-613), enhanced tumor control by radiation. Mechanistically, lipoylation inhibition increased 2-hydroxyglutarate, leading to H3K9 trimethylation, disrupting TIP60 recruitment and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)–mediated DNA damage repair signaling, impairing homologous recombination repair. In summary, our findings reveal a critical role of LIPT1 in regulating DNA damage and chromosome stability and may suggest a means to enhance therapeutic outcomes with DNA-damaging agents.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jui-Chung Chiang and Zengfu Shang and Tracy Rosales and Ling Cai and Wei-Min Chen and Feng Cai and Hieu Vu and John D. Minna and Min Ni and Anthony J. Davis and Robert D. Timmerman and Ralph J. DeBerardinis and Yuanyuan Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1241}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt1241}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lipoylation inhibition enhances radiation control of lung cancer by suppressing homologous recombination DNA damage repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A polyvalent vaccine for selectively killing tumor-associated bacteria to prevent cancer metastasis. SCIADV, 11(11), eadt0341. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Specific bacteria, including Fusobacterium nucleatum , Streptococcus sanguis , Enterococcus faecalis , and Staphylococcus xylosus , have been identified as contributors to breast cancer metastasis. Due to limitations such as lack of selectivity, traditional antibiotic therapies face obstacles in eliminating intratumoral bacteria. Herein, this work proposes the use of therapeutic vaccines to selectively target and eliminate harmful bacteria within tumors. A multivalent vaccine encapsulating both insoluble and soluble bacterial antigens was developed, addressing the shortcomings of traditional antibacterial vaccines by balancing broad antigen coverage with effective immune activation. This vaccine induces robust downstream immune responses to eliminate F. nucleatum , S. sanguis , E. faecalis , and S. xylosus , demonstrating notable therapeutic and preventive efficacy in bacteria-induced cancer metastasis models. Unexpectedly, vaccinated infected mice showed even slower tumor metastasis than uninfected mice. Overall, this study validates the potential of nanovaccines in modulating the intratumoral microbiome for tumor therapy and highlights tumor-associated bacterial infections as potential promising antitumor targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zheyu Kang and Linfu Chen and Pengxing Li and Zixuan Zheng and Jingjing Shen and Zhisheng Xiao and Yu Miao and Yang Yang and Qian Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0341}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadt0341}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A polyvalent vaccine for selectively killing tumor-associated bacteria to prevent cancer metastasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced activity and self-regeneration in dynameric cross-linked enzyme nanoaggregates. SCIADV, 11(11), eads9371. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Directed evolution, enzyme design, and effective immobilization have been used to improve the catalytic activity. Dynamic polymers offer a promising platform to improve enzyme activity in aqueous solutions. Here, amphiphilic dynamers and lipase self-assemble into nanoparticles of 150- to 600-nanometer diameter, showing remarkable threefold enhancement in catalytic activity. In addition, they also demonstrated the ability to promote the reversible refolding of the partially or completely denatured lipase. The catalytic efficiency is completed with its more convenient handling of dynameric nanoparticles facilitating the efficient recovery and reuse of the enzyme with cost-effective uses. Molecular simulation studies revealed an in-depth understanding of how the dynamer action mechanism affects the conformational changes of lipase. The dynamer served as an effective hydrophobic support, facilitating the lid opening and substrate access to the catalytic triad, resulting in a substantial activation with an improved stability and recyclability of the lipase.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Wang and Shang Wang and Jinghua Chen and Yan Xu and Xiaowei Yu and Mihail Barboiu and Yan Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9371}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads9371}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced activity and self-regeneration in dynameric cross-linked enzyme nanoaggregates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A multimodal defect-rich nanoreactor triggers sono-piezoelectric tandem catalysis and iron metabolism disruption for implant infections. SCIADV, 11(11), eads8694. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tracking and eradicating drug-resistant bacteria are critical for combating implant-associated infections, yet effective antibacterial therapies remain elusive. Herein, we propose an oxygen vacancy–rich (BiFe) 0.9 (BaTi) 0.1 O 3− x nanoreactor as a piezoelectric sonosensitizer by spatiotemporal ultrasound–driven sono- and chemodynamic tandem catalysis to amplify antibacterial efficacy. The piezoelectric charge carriers under a built-in electric field synchronize the reaction of O 2 and H 2 O, efficiently generating H 2 O 2 . The electron-rich oxygen vacancies modulate the local electronic structure of an Fe site. It facilitates reactive oxygen species generation by piezoelectric electrons and accelerates valence state cycles of Fe(III)/Fe(II) to achieve the sustained maintenance of hydroxyl radicals via H 2 O 2 /Fe(II)–catalyzed chemodynamic reactions, which lead to bacterial membrane damage. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that intracellular Fe overload induced by excessive Fe(II)-mediated dysregulation of the two-component system disrupts bacterial metabolism, triggering bacterial ferroptosis-like death. Thus, the porous titanium scaffold, engineered with a piezoelectric nanoreactor, demonstrates superior antibacterial efficacy under ultrasound and facilitates osteogenesis via piezoelectric immunomodulation–activated therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fuyuan Zheng and Xufeng Wan and Yangming Zhang and Yan Yue and Qiaochu Li and Zhuang Zhang and Shuoyuan Li and Hong Xu and Qiang Su and Xiaoting Chen and Le Tong and Long Zhao and Jian Cao and Xin Tang and Xiao Yang and Jiagang Wu and Jian Li and Xiang Lv and Zongke Zhou and Duan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8694}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads8694}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A multimodal defect-rich nanoreactor triggers sono-piezoelectric tandem catalysis and iron metabolism disruption for implant infections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Protein misfolding involving entanglements provides a structural explanation for the origin of stretched-exponential refolding kinetics. SCIADV, 11(11), eads7379. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stretched-exponential protein refolding kinetics, first observed decades ago, were attributed to a nonnative ensemble of structures with parallel, non-interconverting folding pathways. However, the structural origin of the large energy barriers preventing interconversion between these folding pathways is unknown. Here, we combine simulations with limited proteolysis (LiP) and cross-linking (XL) mass spectrometry (MS) to study the protein phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK). Simulations recapitulate its stretched-exponential folding kinetics and reveal that misfolded states involving changes of entanglement underlie this behavior: either formation of a nonnative, noncovalent lasso entanglement or failure to form a native entanglement. These misfolded states act as kinetic traps, requiring extensive unfolding to escape, which results in a distribution of free energy barriers and pathway partitioning. Using LiP-MS and XL-MS, we propose heterogeneous structural ensembles consistent with these data that represent the potential long-lived misfolded states PGK populates. This structural and energetic heterogeneity creates a hierarchy of refolding timescales, explaining stretched-exponential kinetics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Jiang and Yingzi Xia and Ian Sitarik and Piyoosh Sharma and Hyebin Song and Stephen D. Fried and Edward P. O’Brien}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7379}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads7379}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Protein misfolding involving entanglements provides a structural explanation for the origin of stretched-exponential refolding kinetics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecule-induced ripening control in perovskite quantum dots for efficient and stable light-emitting diodes. SCIADV, 11(11), eads7159. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) show an excellent application perspective in semiconductor optoelectronic devices. However, problems of ligand loss during the growth, purification, film formation, and storage process always induce the aggregation and ripening of QDs, adversely affecting QDs’ and QD-based devices’ performance. Here, we use a bidentate molecule to control ripening toward a notable performance boost in CsPbI 3 QDs. The strong interaction between QDs and the bidentate molecules maintains stable surface states of QDs, inhibiting QDs’ undesirable ripening and generation of defects. We fabricate QD-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 26.0% at 686 nm and an operating half-life of 10,587 hours at an initial radiance of 190 mW sr −1 m −2 (equivalent to a luminance of 100 cd m −2 for green perovskite LEDs). Benefiting from the high storability of the target QDs, the as-fabricated devices based on the QD solution storing for 1 month show a maximum EQE of 21.7% (20.3% for 3 months).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiawei Chen and Shulin Chen and Xiangyu Liu and Danlei Zhu and Bo Cai and Xiyu Luo and Wenjing Feng and Yuanzhuang Cheng and Yaonan Xiong and Jiuyao Du and Zhou Li and Dongdong Zhang and Lian Duan and Dongxin Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7159}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads7159}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecule-induced ripening control in perovskite quantum dots for efficient and stable light-emitting diodes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiple B-site doping suppresses ion migration in halide perovskites. SCIADV, 11(11), eads7054. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lead halide perovskites hold great promise for photovoltaics and optoelectronics, yet ion migration continues to challenge their long-term stability. Here, combining first-principles calculations and machine learning molecular dynamics, we unravel the interplay between perovskite octahedral lattice dynamics and energy barrier associated with ion migration. Our results show that B-site substitution, particularly with alkaline-earth and lanthanide elements, notably strengthens lattice interactions, restrains octahedral oscillation, and increases iodine-migration barriers, outperforming the commonly used A-site and X-site substitutions and interstitial doping. Moreover, the enhanced barrier aligns with the geometric factor of μτ (tolerance-octahedral product), underlining the superior effectiveness of co- and multiple-element B-site doping in lattice stabilization and ion migration suppression. Experimental validation with exemplary hysteresis-free Eu-Ca–doped perovskite single crystals demonstrates remarkable improvements in ambient stability and transport properties. These findings highlight B-site engineering as an effective microstructural strategy for controlling ion migration, with important implications for stable and lead-reduced perovskite devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuhang Liang and Feng Li and Xiangyuan Cui and Catherine Stampfl and Simon P. Ringer and Xudong Yang and Jun Huang and Rongkun Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7054}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads7054}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiple B-site doping suppresses ion migration in halide perovskites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structure of coxsackievirus cloverleaf RNA and 3Cpro dimer establishes the RNA-binding mechanism of enterovirus protease 3Cpro. SCIADV, 11(11), eads6862. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In positive-strand RNA viruses, the genome serves as a template for both protein translation and negative-strand RNA synthesis. Enteroviruses use the cloverleaf RNA structure at the 5′ end of the genome to balance these two processes. Cloverleaf acts as a promoter for RNA synthesis and forms a complex with viral 3CD protein, the precursor to 3C pro protease, and 3D pol polymerase. The interaction between cloverleaf and 3CD is mediated by the 3C pro domain, yet how 3C pro promotes specific RNA-binding is not clear. We report the structure of coxsackievirus cloverleaf RNA-3C pro complex, wherein two 3C pro molecules interact with cloverleaf stem-loop D. 3C pro dimer mainly recognizes the shape of the dsRNA helix through symmetric interactions, suggesting that 3C pro is a previously undiscovered type of RNA binding protein. We show that 3CD protein also dimerizes on cloverleaf RNA and binds the RNA with higher affinity than 3C pro . The structure provides insight into the RNA-binding mechanism of 3C pro or 3CD with other cis-acting replication elements.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dimagi Dias-Solange and My Tra Le and Keerthi Gottipati and Kyung H. Choi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6862}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads6862}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structure of coxsackievirus cloverleaf RNA and 3Cpro dimer establishes the RNA-binding mechanism of enterovirus protease 3Cpro}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The sodium leak channel NALCN is regulated by neuronal SNARE complex proteins. SCIADV, 11(11), eads6004. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {NALCN (sodium leak channel, nonselective) is vital for regulating electrical activity in neurons and other excitable cells, and mutations in the channel or its auxiliary proteins lead to severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we show that the neuronal SNARE (soluble N -ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) complex proteins syntaxin and SNAP25 (synaptosome-associated protein 25), which enable synaptic transmission in the nervous system, inhibit the activity of the NALCN channel complex in both heterologous systems and primary neurons. The existence of this interaction suggests that the neurotransmitter release machinery can regulate electrical signaling directly and therefore modulate the threshold for its own activity. We further find that reduction of NALCN currents is sufficient to promote cell survival in syntaxin-depleted cells. This suggests that disinhibited NALCN may cause the puzzling phenomenon of rapid neuronal cell death in the absence of syntaxin. This interaction could offer opportunities for future drug development against genetic diseases linked to both NALCN- and SNARE protein–containing complexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Samuel Usher and Estelle Toulmé and Roberta Florea and Stanislau Yatskevich and Christine C. Jao and Luuk R. H. Dijkhof and Janne M. Colding and Prajakta Joshi and Inna Zilberleyb and Thorsten Trimbuch and Bettina Brokowski and Alexander S. Hauser and Alexander Leitner and Christian Rosenmund and Marc Kschonsak and Stephan A. Pless}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6004}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads6004}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The sodium leak channel NALCN is regulated by neuronal SNARE complex proteins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Y chromosome–linked UTY modulates sex differences in valvular fibroblast methylation in response to nanoscale extracellular matrix cues. SCIADV, 11(11), eads5717. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a progressive disease, wherein males more often develop valve calcification relative to females that develop valve fibrosis. Valvular interstitial cells (VICs) aberrantly activate to myofibroblasts during AVS, driving the fibrotic valve phenotype in females. Myofibroblasts further differentiate into osteoblast-like cells and produce calcium nanoparticles, driving valve calcification in males. We hypothesized that the lysine demethylase UTY (ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat containing Y-linked) decreases methylation uniquely in male VICs responding to nanoscale extracellular matrix cues to promote an osteoblast-like cell phenotype. Here, we describe a hydrogel biomaterial cell culture platform to interrogate how nanoscale cues modulate sex-specific methylation states in VICs activating to myofibroblasts and osteoblast-like cells. We found that UTY modulates the osteoblast-like cell phenotype in response to nanoscale cues uniquely in male VICs. Overall, we reveal a previously unidentified role of UTY in the regulation of calcification processes in males during AVS progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rayyan M. Gorashi and Talia Baddour and Sarah J. Chittle and Nicole E. Félix Vélez and Michaela A. Wenning and Kristi S. Anseth and Luisa Mestroni and Brisa Peña and Peng Guo and Brian A. Aguado}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5717}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads5717}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Y chromosome–linked UTY modulates sex differences in valvular fibroblast methylation in response to nanoscale extracellular matrix cues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An annually resolved 5700-year storm archive reveals drivers of caribbean cyclone frequency. SCIADV, 11(11), eads5624. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Predictions of tropical cyclone (TC) frequencies are hampered by insufficient knowledge of their natural variability in the past. A 30-m-long sediment core from the Great Blue Hole, a marine sinkhole offshore Belize, provides the longest available, continuous, and annually resolved TC-frequency record. This record expands our understanding, derived from instrumental monitoring (73 years), historical documentations (173 years), and paleotempestological records (2000 years), to the past 5700 years. A total of 694 event layers were identified. They display a distinct regional trend of increasing storminess in the southwestern Caribbean, which follows an orbitally driven shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Superimposed short-term variations match Holocene climate intervals and originate from solar irradiance–controlled sea-surface temperature anomalies and climate phenomena modes. A 21st-century extrapolation suggests an unprecedented increase in TC frequency, attributable to the Industrial Age warming.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dominik Schmitt and Eberhard Gischler and Martin Melles and Volker Wennrich and Hermann Behling and Lyudmila Shumilovskikh and Flavio S. Anselmetti and Hendrik Vogel and Jörn Peckmann and Daniel Birgel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5624}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads5624}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An annually resolved 5700-year storm archive reveals drivers of caribbean cyclone frequency}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Refugium amidst ruins: Unearthing the lost flora that escaped the end-permian mass extinction. SCIADV, 11(11), eads5614. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Searching for land refugia becomes imperative for human survival during the hypothetical sixth mass extinction. Studying past comparable crises can offer insights, but there is no fossil evidence of diverse megafloral ecosystems surviving the largest Phanerozoic biodiversity crisis. Here, we investigated palynomorphs, plant, and tetrapod fossils from the Permian-Triassic South Taodonggou Section in Xinjiang, China. Our fossil records, calibrated by a high-resolution age model, reveal the presence of vibrant regional gymnospermous forests and fern fields, while marine organisms experienced mass extinction. This refugial vegetation was crucial for nourishing the substantial influx of surviving animals, thereby establishing a diverse terrestrial ecosystem approximately 75,000 years after the mass extinction. Our findings contradict the widely held belief that restoring terrestrial ecosystem functional diversity to pre-extinction levels would take millions of years. Our research indicates that moderate hydrological fluctuations throughout the crisis sustained this refugium, likely making it one of the sources for the rapid radiation of terrestrial life in the early Mesozoic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huiping Peng and Wan Yang and Mingli Wan and Jun Liu and Feng Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5614}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads5614}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Refugium amidst ruins: Unearthing the lost flora that escaped the end-permian mass extinction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ndrg3 is a critical regulator of peripheral t cell maturation and homeostasis. SCIADV, 11(11), eads5143. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To provide protection, anticipatory T cell–dependent immunity is reliant on the generation and maintenance of a naïve T cell repertoire, which is sufficiently diverse to ensure recognition of newly encountered antigens. Therefore, under steady-state conditions, a given individual needs to maintain a large pool of naïve T cells, ready to respond to potential threats. Here, we demonstrate that N-myc downstream-regulated gene 3 (Ndrg3) is essential for naïve T cell stability. Mice with T cell–specific Ndrg3 loss are lymphopenic, with reduced numbers of conventional T cells and natural killer T cells. We show that in the absence of Ndrg3, naïve CD8+ T cells exhibit high rates of both proliferation and apoptosis, phenotypes that could be partially rescued by transgenic expression of a high-avidity T cell receptor. Furthermore, Ndrg3-deficient cells were refractory to interleukin-4, resulting in reduced Eomes induction, and a decreased virtual memory population. Our study therefore identifies Ndrg3 as an unexpected, pleiotropic regulator of T cell homeostasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julia A. Komorowska and Christiane Grammer and Mirela Bălan and Jeremy B. Swann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5143}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads5143}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ndrg3 is a critical regulator of peripheral t cell maturation and homeostasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shear flow patterns antimicrobial gradients across bacterial populations. SCIADV, 11(11), eads5005. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial populations experience chemical gradients in nature. However, most experimental systems either ignore gradients or fail to capture gradients in mechanically relevant contexts. Here, we use microfluidic experiments and biophysical simulations to explore how host-relevant shear flow affects antimicrobial gradients across communities of the highly resistant pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa . We discover that flow patterns gradients of three chemically distinct antimicrobials: hydrogen peroxide, gentamicin, and carbenicillin. Without flow, resistant P. aeruginosa cells generate local gradients by neutralizing all three antimicrobials through degradation or chemical modification. As flow increases, delivery overwhelms neutralization, allowing antimicrobials to penetrate deeper into bacterial populations. By imaging single cells across long microfluidic channels, we observe that upstream cells protect downstream cells, and protection is abolished in higher flow regimes. Together, our results reveal that physical flow can promote antimicrobial effectiveness, which could inspire the incorporation of flow into the discovery, development, and implementation of antimicrobials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexander M. Shuppara and Gilberto C. Padron and Anuradha Sharma and Zil Modi and Matthias D. Koch and Joseph E. Sanfilippo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5005}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads5005}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shear flow patterns antimicrobial gradients across bacterial populations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ectopic expression of testis-specific transcription elongation factor in driving cancer. SCIADV, 11(11), eads4200. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The testis-specific BET protein BRDT structurally resembles the ubiquitous BRD4 and is misexpressed in cancer, and we show that BRDT misexpression may affect lung cancer progression. BRDT knockdown in lung cancer cells slowed tumor growth and prolonged survival in a xenograft model. Comparative characterization of PTEFb complex participation and chromatin binding indicates BRD4-redundant and BRD4-distinct BRDT functions. Unlike dual depletion, individual BRD4 or BRDT knockdown did not impair transcriptional responses to hypoxia in BRDT-expressing cells, consistent with redundant function. However, BRD4 depletion/BRDT complementation revealed that BRDT can also release paused RNA polymerase II independently of its bromodomains as we previously demonstrated not to be required for Pol II pause/release function of BRD4, underscoring the functional importance of the C-terminal domains in both BRD4 and BRDT and their potential as therapeutic targets in solid tumors. Based on this study, future investigations should explore BRD4-distinct BRDT functions and BRDT misexpression driving cancer pathogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bin Zheng and Marta Iwanaszko and Shimaa Hassan AbdelAziz Soliman and Yukitomo Ishi and Sarah Gold and Ruxuan Qiu and Benjamin Charles Howard and Madhurima Das and Zibo Zhao and Rintaro Hashizume and Lu Wang and Ali Shilatifard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4200}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads4200}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ectopic expression of testis-specific transcription elongation factor in driving cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing. SCIADV, 11(11), eads2297. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (∼300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics. Integrated with machine learning, this keyboard enables identity authentication through both fixed- and dynamic-text inputs. It accurately authenticates fixed passwords of eight characters with a 95.3% success rate and dynamic text from 14 sets of double keys with 100% accuracy. Given its capabilities, the SFIK offers promising applications in artificial intelligence, network security, and access control for computers and networks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tongtong Zhang and Farid Manshaii and Chris R. Bowen and Maoyi Zhang and Weiqi Qian and Chaosheng Hu and Yanan Bai and Zhijie Huang and Ya Yang and Jun Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2297}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads2297}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seabirds in crisis: Plastic ingestion induces proteomic signatures of multiorgan failure and neurodegeneration. SCIADV, 11(11), eads0834. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding plastics’ harmful impacts on wildlife would benefit from the application of hypothesis agnostic testing commonly used in medical research to detect declines in population health. Adopting a data-driven, proteomic approach, we assessed changes in 745 proteins in a free-living nonmodel organism with differing levels of plastic exposure. Seabird chicks heavily affected by plastic ingestion demonstrated a range of negative health consequences: Intracellular components that should not be found in the blood were frequently detected, indicative of cell lysis. Secreted proteins were less abundant, indicating that the stomach, liver, and kidneys are not functioning as normal. Alarmingly, these signatures included evidence of neurodegeneration in <90-day-old seabird chicks with high levels of ingested plastic. The proteomic signatures reflect the effects of plastic distal to the site of exposure (i.e., the stomach). Notably, metrics commonly used to assess condition in wildlife (such as body mass) do not provide an accurate description of health or the impacts of plastic ingestion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alix M. de Jersey and Jennifer L. Lavers and Alexander L. Bond and Richard Wilson and Graeme R. Zosky and Jack Rivers-Auty}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0834}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eads0834}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seabirds in crisis: Plastic ingestion induces proteomic signatures of multiorgan failure and neurodegeneration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fast and reliable probabilistic reflectometry inversion with prior-amortized neural posterior estimation. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr9668. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reconstructing the structure of thin films and multilayers from measurements of scattered x-rays or neutrons is key to progress in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, finding all structures compatible with reflectometry data is computationally prohibitive for standard algorithms, which typically results in unreliable analysis with only a single potential solution identified. We address this lack of reliability with a probabilistic deep learning method that identifies all realistic structures in seconds, redefining standards in reflectometry. Our method, prior-amortized neural posterior estimation (PANPE), combines simulation-based inference with adaptive priors that inform the inference network about known structural properties and controllable experimental conditions. PANPE networks support key scenarios such as high-throughput sample characterization, real-time monitoring of evolving structures, or the corefinement of several experimental datasets and can be adapted to provide fast, reliable, and flexible inference across many other inverse problems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vladimir Starostin and Maximilian Dax and Alexander Gerlach and Alexander Hinderhofer and Álvaro Tejero-Cantero and Frank Schreiber}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9668}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr9668}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fast and reliable probabilistic reflectometry inversion with prior-amortized neural posterior estimation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On-demand heralded MIR single-photon source using a cascaded quantum system. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr9239. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We propose a mechanism for generating single photons in the mid-infrared (MIR) using a solid-state or molecular quantum emitter. The scheme uses cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects to selectively enhance a Frank-Condon transition, deterministically preparing a single Fock state of a polar phonon mode. By coupling the phonon mode to an antenna, the resulting excitation is then radiated to the far field as a single photon with a frequency matching the phonon mode. By combining macroscopic QED calculations with methods from open quantum system theory, we show that optimal parameters to generate these MIR photons occur for modest light-matter coupling strengths, which are achievable with state-of-the-art technologies. Combined, the cascaded system we propose provides a quasi-deterministic source of heralded single photons in a regime of the electromagnetic spectrum where this previously was not possible.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jake Iles-Smith and Mark Kamper Svendsen and Angel Rubio and Martijn Wubs and Nicolas Stenger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9239}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr9239}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On-demand heralded MIR single-photon source using a cascaded quantum system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SARS-related coronavirus S-protein structures reveal synergistic RBM interactions underpinning high-affinity human ACE2 binding. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr8772. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-affinity and specific binding toward the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS)–related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) remains incompletely understood. We report cryo–electron microscopy structures of eight different S-proteins from SARSr-CoVs found across Asia, Europe, and Africa. These S-proteins all adopt tightly packed, locked, prefusion conformations. These structures enable the classification of SARSr-CoV S-proteins into three types, based on their receptor-binding motif (RBM) structures and ACE2 binding characteristics. Type-2 S-proteins often preferentially bind bat ACE2 (bACE2) over hACE2. We report a structure of a type-2 BtKY72-RBD in complex with bACE2 to understand ACE2 specificity. Structure-guided mutagenesis of BtKY72-RBD reveals that multiple synergistic mutations in four different regions of RBM are required to achieve high-affinity hACE2 binding. Similar RBM changes can also confer hACE2 binding to another type-2 BM48-31 S-protein, which is primarily non-ACE2 binding. These results provide an understanding of how high-affinity hACE2 binding may be acquired by SARSr-CoV S-proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingjing Wang and Yong Ma and Zimu Li and Hang Yuan and Banghui Liu and Zexuan Li and Mengzhen Su and Gul Habib and Yutong Liu and Lutang Fu and Peiyi Wang and Mei Li and Jun He and Jing Chen and Peng Zhou and Zhengli Shi and Xinwen Chen and Xiaoli Xiong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8772}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr8772}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SARS-related coronavirus S-protein structures reveal synergistic RBM interactions underpinning high-affinity human ACE2 binding}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phagocytosis-driven neurodegeneration through opposing roles of an ABC transporter in neurons and phagocytes. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr5448. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lipid homeostasis is critical to neuronal survival. ATP-binding cassette A (ABCA) proteins are lipid transporters associated with neurodegenerative diseases. How ABCA transporters regulate lipid homeostasis in neurodegeneration is an outstanding question. Here we report that the Drosophila ABCA protein engulfment ABC transporter in the ovary (Eato) regulates phagocytosis-dependent neurodegeneration by playing opposing roles in neurons and phagocytes: In neurons, Eato prevents dendrites and axons from being attacked by neighboring phagocytes; in phagocytes, Eato sensitizes the cell for detecting neurons as engulfment targets. Thus, Eato deficiency in neurons alone causes phagocytosis-dependent neurite degeneration, but additional Eato loss from phagocytes suppresses the neurite degeneration. Mechanistically, Eato functions by removing the eat-me signal phosphatidylserine from the cell surface in both neurons and phagocytes. Multiple human and worm ABCA homologs can rescue Eato loss in phagocytes but not in neurons, suggesting both conserved and cell type–specific activities of ABCA proteins. These results imply possible mechanisms of neuron-phagocyte interactions in neurodegenerative diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinchen Chen and Bei Wang and Ankita Sarkar and Zixian Huang and Nicolas Vergara Ruiz and Ann T. Yeung and Rachael Chen and Chun Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5448}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr5448}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phagocytosis-driven neurodegeneration through opposing roles of an ABC transporter in neurons and phagocytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interlayer confinement toward short hydrogen bond network construction for fast hydroxide transport. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr5374. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Driven by boosting demands for sustainable energy, highly conductive hydroxide exchange membranes (HEMs) are urgently required in electrochemical conversion devices. The hydrogen bonds shorter than 2.5 angstrom are expected to accelerate the ion transport. However, short hydrogen bonds (SHBs) can hardly form naturally because of the electron-withdrawing capability of O atom, which impedes its applications in water-mediated ion transport. This work develops an interlayer confinement strategy to construct SHB networks in a two-dimensional (2D) nanocapillary assembled by bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) nanosheets and boost the ionic conductivity of HEMs. With confined nanochannels and adjustable hydrophilic groups in BiOI-based HEMs, the number of SHBs increases by 12 times, creating a shortcut for the Grotthuss-type anion transport, which in turn affords a high ionic conductivity of 168 millisiemens per centimeter at 90°C, higher than polymeric HEM and 2D-based HEM. This work demonstrates the facile approach to generating SHB networks in 2D capillaries and opens a promising avenue to developing advanced HEMs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruixiang Guo and Yecheng Zhou and Wei Wang and Yeming Zhai and Xiaofen Liu and Weijun He and Wen Ou and Rui Ding and Hao-Li Zhang and Meiling Wu and Zhongyi Jiang and Kai-Ge Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5374}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr5374}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interlayer confinement toward short hydrogen bond network construction for fast hydroxide transport}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inhibiting EZH2 complements steroid effects in duchenne muscular dystrophy. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr4443. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating X-linked disorder caused by dystrophin gene mutations. Despite recent advances in understanding the disease etiology and applying emerging treatment methodologies, glucocorticoid derivatives remain the only general therapeutic option that can slow disease development. However, the precise molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid action remains unclear, and there is still need for additional remedies to complement the treatment. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome analyses of human and mouse muscles, we investigated pathogenic features in patients with DMD and palliative effects of glucocorticoids. Our approach further illuminated the importance of proliferating satellite cells and revealed increased activity of a signal transduction pathway involving EZH2 in the patient cells. Subsequent administration of EZH2 inhibitors to Dmd mutant mice resulted in improved muscle phenotype through maintaining the immune-suppressing effect but overriding the muscle weakness and fibrogenic effects exerted by glucocorticoids. Our analysis reveals pathogenic mechanisms that can be readily targeted by extant therapeutic options for DMD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eun Young Jeon and Yejin Kwak and Hyeji Kang and Hanbyeol Kim and Se Young Jin and Soojin Park and Ryeo Gyeong Kim and Dayoung Ko and Jae-Kyung Won and Anna Cho and Inkyung Jung and Chul-Hwan Lee and Jeongbin Park and Hyun-Young Kim and Jong-Hee Chae and Murim Choi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4443}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr4443}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inhibiting EZH2 complements steroid effects in duchenne muscular dystrophy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PseudoSorter: A self-supervised spike sorting approach applied to reveal tau-induced reductions in neuronal activity. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr4155. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) permit recordings with high electrode counts, thus generating complex datasets that would benefit from precise neuronal spike sorting for meaningful data extraction. Nevertheless, conventional spike sorting methods face limitations in recognizing diverse spike shapes. Here, we introduce PseudoSorter, which uses self-supervised learning techniques, a density-based pseudolabeling strategy, and an iterative fine-tuning process to enhance spike sorting accuracy. Through benchmarking, we demonstrate the superior performance of PseudoSorter compared to other spike sorting algorithms before applying PseudoSorter on MEA recordings from hippocampal neurons exposed to subneuronal concentrations of monomeric Tau as a model for Alzheimer’s disease. Our results unveil that Tau diminishes the firing rate of a subset of neurons, which complement our findings observed using conventional electrophysiology analysis, and demonstrate that PseudoSorter’s high accuracy and throughput make it a valuable tool for studying neurodegenerative diseases, enhancing our understanding of their underlying mechanisms, as well as for therapeutic drug screening.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marius Brockhoff and Jakob Träuble and Sagnik Middya and Tanja Fuchsberger and Ana Fernandez-Villegas and Amberley Stephens and Miranda Robbins and Wenyue Dai and Belquis Haider and Sulay Vora and Nino F. Läubli and Clemens F. Kaminski and George G. Malliaras and Ole Paulsen and Gabriele S. Kaminski Schierle}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4155}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr4155}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PseudoSorter: A self-supervised spike sorting approach applied to reveal tau-induced reductions in neuronal activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetically supported targets and drug repurposing for brain aging: A systematic study in the UK biobank. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr3757. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Brain age gap (BAG), the deviation between estimated brain age and chronological age, is a promising marker of brain health. However, the genetic architecture and reliable targets for brain aging remains poorly understood. In this study, we estimate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based brain age using deep learning models trained on the UK Biobank and validated with three external datasets. A genome-wide association study for BAG identified two unreported loci and seven previously reported loci. By integrating Mendelian Randomization (MR) and colocalization analysis on eQTL and pQTL data, we prioritized seven genetically supported druggable genes, including MAPT , TNFSF12 , GZMB , SIRPB1 , GNLY , NMB , and C1RL , as promising targets for brain aging. We rediscovered 13 potential drugs with evidence from clinical trials of aging and prioritized several drugs with strong genetic support. Our study provides insights into the genetic basis of brain aging, potentially facilitating drug development for brain aging to extend the health span.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fan Yi and Jing Yuan and Judith Somekh and Mor Peleg and Yi-Cheng Zhu and Zhilong Jia and Fei Wu and Zhengxing Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3757}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr3757}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetically supported targets and drug repurposing for brain aging: A systematic study in the UK biobank}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active microgel particle swarms for intrabronchial targeted delivery. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr3356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intrabronchial delivery of therapeutic agents is critical to the treatment of respiratory diseases. Targeted delivery is demanded because of the off-target accumulation of drugs in normal lung tissues caused by inhalation and the limited motion dexterity of clinical bronchoscopes in tortuous bronchial trees. Herein, we developed microrobotic swarms consisting of magnetic hydrogel microparticles to achieve intrabronchial targeted delivery. Under programmed magnetic fields, the microgel particle swarms performed controllable locomotion and adaptative structure reconfiguration in tortuous and air-filled environments. The swarms were further integrated with imaging contrast agents for precise tracking under x-ray fluoroscopy and computed tomography imaging. Magnetic navigation of the swarms in an ex vivo lung phantom and in vivo delivery into deep branches of the bronchial trees were achieved. The on-demand reconfiguration of swarms for avoiding the microgel particles from entering nontarget bronchi and the precise delivery into tilted bronchi through climbing motion were validated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui Chen and Junhui Law and Yibin Wang and Ziheng Chen and Xingzhou Du and Kaiwen Fang and Zhe Wang and Feng Duan and Yu Sun and Jiangfan Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr3356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active microgel particle swarms for intrabronchial targeted delivery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disproportionately large impacts of wildland-urban interface fire emissions on global air quality and human health. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr2616. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fires in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are a global issue with growing importance. However, the impact of WUI fires on air quality and health is less understood compared to that of fires in wildland. We analyze WUI fire impacts on air quality and health at the global scale using a multi-scale atmospheric chemistry model—the Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols model (MUSICA). WUI fires have notable impacts on key air pollutants [e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), and ozone (O 3 )]. The health impact of WUI fire emission is disproportionately large compared to wildland fires primarily because WUI fires are closer to human settlement. Globally, the fraction of WUI fire–caused annual premature deaths (APDs) to all fire–caused APDs is about three times of the fraction of WUI fire emissions to all fire emissions. The developed model framework can be applied to address critical needs in understanding and mitigating WUI fires and their impacts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenfu Tang and Louisa K. Emmons and Christine Wiedinmyer and Debatosh B. Partha and Yaoxian Huang and Cenlin He and Junzhe Zhang and Kelley C. Barsanti and Benjamin Gaubert and Duseong S. Jo and Jun Zhang and Rebecca Buchholz and Simone Tilmes and Francis Vitt and Claire Granier and Helen M. Worden and Pieternel F. Levelt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2616}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr2616}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disproportionately large impacts of wildland-urban interface fire emissions on global air quality and human health}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Senolytic treatment for low back pain. SCIADV, 11(11), eadr1719. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Senescent cells (SnCs) accumulate because of aging and external cellular stress throughout the body. They adopt a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and release inflammatory and degenerative factors that actively contribute to age-related diseases, such as low back pain (LBP). The senolytics, o -vanillin and RG-7112, remove SnCs in human intervertebral discs (IVDs) and reduce SASP release, but it is unknown whether they can treat LBP. sparc −/− mice, with LBP, were treated orally with o -vanillin and RG-7112 as single or combination treatments. Treatment reduced LBP and SASP factor release and removed SnCs from the IVD and spinal cord. Treatment also lowered degeneration scores in the IVDs, improved vertebral bone quality, and reduced the expression of pain markers in the spinal cord. Together, our data suggest RG-7112 and o -vanillin as potential disease-modifying drugs for LBP and other painful disorders linked to cell senescence.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew Mannarino and Hosni Cherif and Saber Ghazizadeh and Oliver Wu Martinez and Kai Sheng and Elsa Cousineau and Seunghwan Lee and Magali Millecamps and Chan Gao and Alice Gilbert and Cedric Peirs and Reza Sharif Naeini and Jean A. Ouellet and Laura S. Stone and Lisbet Haglund}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1719}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadr1719}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Senolytic treatment for low back pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Assessing e. coli levels in surface soils of informal settlements using boot sock and standard grab methods. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq9869. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rapid urbanization leads to the growth of informal settlements, where inadequate sanitation infrastructure is common, thus promoting environmental contamination and risk of gastrointestinal infection. Soil contamination contributes to the transmission of enteropathogens, but traditional sampling approaches may poorly indicate public health risks due to limited spatial representation. This study compares traditional grab sampling of soil with a boot sock method, a composite technique designed to better reflect human-pathogen interactions. The boot sock method provided more sensitive detection of E. coli and lower inter-replicate variation compared to grab samples. Post hoc power analyses indicated that the boot sock technique required fewer samples to achieve adequate spatial representation across a sampling area than grab samples, potentially improving time and cost efficiency in pathogen exposure risk estimation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lamiya Bata and Rebekah Henry and S. Fiona Barker and John Boyce and Fiona Lynch and Silvia Rosovoa Vilsoni and Autiko Tela and Revoni Vamosi and Ruzka R. Taruc and Andi Zulkifli Agussalim and Maghfira Saifuddaolah and Zainal Handis and David McCarthy and Karin Leder and RISE Consortium}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9869}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq9869}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Assessing e. coli levels in surface soils of informal settlements using boot sock and standard grab methods}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). FlyVISTA, an integrated machine learning platform for deep phenotyping of sleep in drosophila. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq8131. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There is great interest in using genetically tractable organisms such as Drosophila to gain insights into the regulation and function of sleep. However, sleep phenotyping in Drosophila has largely relied on simple measures of locomotor inactivity. Here, we present FlyVISTA, a machine learning platform to perform deep phenotyping of sleep in flies. This platform comprises a high-resolution closed-loop video imaging system, coupled with a deep learning network to annotate 35 body parts, and a computational pipeline to extract behaviors from high-dimensional data. FlyVISTA reveals the distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of sleep and wake-associated microbehaviors at baseline, following administration of the sleep-inducing drug gaboxadol, and with dorsal fan-shaped body drivers. We identify a microbehavior (“haltere switch”) exclusively seen during quiescence that indicates a deeper sleep stage. These results enable the rigorous analysis of sleep in Drosophila and set the stage for computational analyses of microbehaviors in quiescent animals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mehmet F. Keleş and Ali Osman Berk Sapci and Casey Brody and Isabelle Palmer and Anuradha Mehta and Shahin Ahmadi and Christin Le and Öznur Taştan and Sündüz Keleş and Mark N. Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8131}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq8131}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {FlyVISTA, an integrated machine learning platform for deep phenotyping of sleep in drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broadband uniform-efficiency OAM-mode detector. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq7201. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The high-dimensional basis of orbital angular momentum (OAM) has several added and unique advantages for photonic quantum technologies compared to the polarization basis, which is only two-dimensional. However, one of the major roadblocks in implementing OAM-based applications with their full potentials is the absence of an ideal OAM-mode detector. Despite the plethora of efforts in the last three decades, currently, there is no OAM detector that can detect a broad OAM-mode spectrum, has uniform detection-efficiency over all the modes, measures the true spectrum, and works for an arbitrary quantum state without the need for any previous information. Here, we experimentally demonstrate just such an OAM detector. We report detection of pure and mixed OAM states with fidelities more than 98% and with measurement times of only a few minutes for dimensionalities up to 100. We expect our work to substantially boost the OAM-based photonic quantum technology efforts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suman Karan and Martin P. Van Exter and Anand K. Jha}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7201}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq7201}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broadband uniform-efficiency OAM-mode detector}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhanced packaging of u6 small nuclear RNA and splicing-related proteins into extracellular vesicles during HIV infection. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq6557. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA), a critical spliceosome component primarily found in the nucleus, plays a vital role in RNA splicing. Our previous study, using the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model, revealed an increase of U6 snRNA in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in acute retroviral infection. Given the limited understanding of U6 snRNA dynamics across cells and EVs, particularly in SIV infection, this research explores U6 snRNA trafficking and its association with splicing proteins in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and EVs. We observed a redistribution of U6 snRNA from the nucleus to EVs post-infection, accompanied by distinct protein profile changes and alterations in nucleic acid metabolism and spliceosome pathways. In addition, U6 machinery proteins changed in cells and EVs in a contrasting manner. The redistribution of U6 and related proteins we observed could be part of a viral strategy to redirect host splicing machinery, suggesting that U6 may have regulatory roles and be part of retroviral infection signature.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiyao Huang and Ahmed Abdelgawad and Olesia Gololobova and Zhaohao Liao and Xinyu Cong and Mona Batish and Lei Zheng and Kenneth W. Witwer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6557}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq6557}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhanced packaging of u6 small nuclear RNA and splicing-related proteins into extracellular vesicles during HIV infection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Splenic red pulp macrophages eliminate the liver-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae from the blood circulation of mice. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq6399. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Invasive infections by encapsulated bacteria are the major cause of human morbidity and mortality. The liver resident macrophages, Kupffer cells, form the hepatic firewall to clear many encapsulated bacteria in the blood circulation but fail to control certain high-virulence capsule types. Here we report that the spleen is the backup immune organ to clear the liver-resistant serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), a leading human pathogen. Asplenic mice failed to control the growth of the liver-resistant pneumococci in the blood circulation. Immunologic and genetic analyses identified splenic red pulp (RP) macrophages as the major phagocytes for bacterial clearance. Furthermore, the plasma natural antibodies against the cell wall phosphocholine and the complement system were necessary for RP macrophage–mediated immunity. These findings have provided a conceptual framework for the innate defense against blood bacterial infections, a mechanistic explanation for the hyper-susceptibility of asplenic individuals to S. pneumoniae , and a proof of concept for developing vaccines and therapeutic antibodies against encapsulated pathogens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haoran An and Yijia Huang and Zhifeng Zhao and Kunpeng Li and Jingjing Meng and Xueting Huang and Xianbin Tian and Hongyu Zhou and Jiamin Wu and Qionghai Dai and Jing-Ren Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6399}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq6399}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Splenic red pulp macrophages eliminate the liver-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae from the blood circulation of mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Indoloquinoline alkaloid neocryptolepine derivative inhibits botrytis cinerea by targeting thiamine thiazole synthase. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq5329. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The emergence and rapid spread of multidrug-resistant Botrytis cinerea strains pose a great challenge to the quality and safety of agricultural products and the efficient use of pesticides. Previously unidentified fungicides and targets are urgently needed to combat B. cinerea –associated infections as alternative therapeutic options. In this study, the promising compound Z24 demonstrated efficacy against all tested plant pathogenic fungi. Thiamine thiazole synthase (Bcthi4) was identified as a target protein of Z24 by drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays. Molecular docking and enzyme activity experiments have demonstrated that Z24 can affect the function of Bcthi4. Last, mechanistic studies show that Z24 inhibits thiamine biosynthesis by binding to Bcthi4 and induces up-regulation of alternative splicing [alternative 5′ splice site (A5SS)] of the Bcthi4 gene. In conclusion, by targeting Bcthi4, Z24 has the potential to be developed as a previously unidentified anti– B. cinerea candidate.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wen-Bin Zhao and Jun-Xia An and Ya-Rui Jin and Chen-Xin Jing and Shao-Yong Zhang and Hong-Jie Liang and Tian-Li Dai and Xiong-Fei Luo and Bao-Qi Zhang and Zhi-Jun Zhang and Ying-Qian Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5329}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq5329}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Indoloquinoline alkaloid neocryptolepine derivative inhibits botrytis cinerea by targeting thiamine thiazole synthase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting the NPY/NPY1R signaling axis in mutant p53–dependent pancreatic cancer impairs metastasis. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq4416. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly metastatic malignancy. More than 80% of patients with PC present with advanced-stage disease, preventing potentially curative surgery. The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system, best known for its role in controlling energy homeostasis, has also been shown to promote tumorigenesis in a range of cancer types, but its role in PC has yet to be explored. We show that expression of NPY and NPY1R are up-regulated in mouse PC models and human patients with PC. Moreover, using the genetically engineered, autochthonous KP R172H C mouse model of PC, we demonstrate that pancreas-specific and whole-body knockout of Npy1r significantly decreases metastasis to the liver. We identify that treatment with the NPY1R antagonist BIBO3304 significantly reduces KP R172H C migratory capacity on cell-derived matrices. Pharmacological NPY1R inhibition in an intrasplenic model of PC metastasis recapitulated the results of our genetic studies, with BIBO3304 significantly decreasing liver metastasis. Together, our results reveal that NPY/NPY1R signaling is a previously unidentified antimetastatic target in PC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cecilia R. Chambers and Supitchaya Watakul and Peter Schofield and Anna E. Howell and Jessie Zhu and Alice M. H. Tran and Nadia Kuepper and Daniel A. Reed and Kendelle J. Murphy and Lily M. Channon and Brooke A. Pereira and Victoria M. Tyma and Victoria Lee and Michael Trpceski and Jake Henry and Pauline Melenec and Lea Abdulkhalek and Max Nobis and Xanthe L. Metcalf and Shona Ritchie and Antonia Cadell and Janett Stoehr and Astrid Magenau and Diego Chacon-Fajardo and Jessica L. Chitty and Savannah O’Connell and Anaiis Zaratzian and Michael Tayao and Andrew Da Silva and Ruth J. Lyons and Leonard D. Goldstein and Ashleigh Dale and Alexander Rookyard and Angela Connolly and Ben Crossett and Yen T. H. Tran and Peter Kaltzis and Claire Vennin and Marija Dinevska and Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative (APGI) and Australian Pancreatic Cancer Matrix Atlas (APMA) and David R. Croucher and Jaswinder Samra and Anubhav Mittal and Robert J. Weatheritt and Andrew Philp and Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto and Lei Zhang and Ronaldo F. Enriquez and Thomas R. Cox and Yan-Chuan C. Shi and Mark Pinese and Nicola Waddell and Hao-Wen Sim and Tatyana Chtanova and Yingxiao Wang and Anthony M. Joshua and Lorraine Chantrill and Thomas R. Jeffry Evans and Anthony J. Gill and Jennifer P. Morton and Marina Pajic and Daniel Christ and Herbert Herzog and Paul Timpson and David Herrmann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4416}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq4416}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting the NPY/NPY1R signaling axis in mutant p53–dependent pancreatic cancer impairs metastasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synaptic-dependent developmental dysconnectivity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq2807. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion increases the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders like autism and schizophrenia. Disruption of large-scale functional connectivity in 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) has been widely reported, but the biological factors driving these changes remain unclear. We used a cross-species design to uncover the developmental trajectory and neural underpinnings of brain dysconnectivity in 22q11DS. In LgDel mice, a model for 22q11DS, we found age-specific patterns of brain dysconnectivity, with widespread fMRI hyperconnectivity in juvenile mice reconfiguring to hippocampal hypoconnectivity over puberty. These changes correlated with developmental alterations in dendritic spine density, and both were transiently normalized by GSK3β inhibition, suggesting a synaptic origin for this phenomenon. Notably, analogous pubertal hyperconnectivity-to-hypoconnectivity reconfiguration occurs in human 22q11DS, affecting cortical regions enriched for GSK3β-associated synaptic genes and autism-relevant transcripts. This dysconnectivity also predicts age-dependent social alterations in 22q11DS individuals. These results suggest that synaptic mechanisms underlie developmental brain dysconnectivity in 22q11DS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Filomena Grazia Alvino and Silvia Gini and Antea Minetti and Marco Pagani and David Sastre-Yagüe and Noemi Barsotti and Elizabeth De Guzman and Charles Schleifer and Alexia Stuefer and Leila Kushan and Caterina Montani and Alberto Galbusera and Francesco Papaleo and Wendy R. Kates and Declan Murphy and Michael Vincent Lombardo and Massimo Pasqualetti and Carrie E. Bearden and Alessandro Gozzi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2807}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq2807}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synaptic-dependent developmental dysconnectivity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thermosensory predictive coding underpins an illusion of pain. SCIADV, 11(11), eadq0261. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human brain has a remarkable ability to learn and update its beliefs about the world. Here, we investigate how thermosensory learning shapes our subjective experience of temperature and the misperception of pain in response to harmless thermal stimuli. Through computational modeling, we demonstrate that the brain uses a probabilistic predictive coding scheme to update beliefs about temperature changes based on their uncertainty. We find that these expectations directly modulate the perception of pain in the thermal grill illusion. Quantitative microstructural brain imaging further revealed that individual variability in computational parameters related to uncertainty-driven learning and decision-making is reflected in the microstructure of brain regions such as the precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, cerebellum, as well as basal ganglia and brainstem. These findings provide a framework to understand how the brain infers pain from innocuous thermal inputs, with important implications for the etiology of thermosensory symptoms under chronic pain conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jesper Fischer Ehmsen and Niia Nikolova and Daniel Elmstrøm Christensen and Leah Banellis and Rebecca A. Böhme and Malthe Brændholt and Arthur S. Courtin and Camilla E. Krænge and Alexandra G. Mitchell and Camila Sardeto Deolindo and Christian Holm Steenkjær and Melina Vejlø and Christoph Mathys and Micah G. Allen and Francesca Fardo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0261}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadq0261}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thermosensory predictive coding underpins an illusion of pain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Random encounters dominate water-water interactions at supercritical conditions. SCIADV, 11(11), eadp8614. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Supercritical water is widely present in Earth’s crust and has a great potential as an environmentally friendly solvent. Water also serves as the prototype for directional hydrogen bonding at ambient conditions. However, the question of whether supercritical water is still hydrogen-bonded or how water molecules interact en route to the supercritical regime is a matter of controversial discussions. We present terahertz (THz) spectra, which directly probe the intermolecular interactions of water under these extreme conditions. While we spectroscopically detect the liquid-gas phase transition just below the critical point, THz spectra of the high-temperature gas phase are indistinguishable from those of supercritical water at the same density. The accompanying ab initio simulations provide the molecular underpinnings: The water-water contacts at supercritical conditions are essentially orientationally random.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katja Mauelshagen and Philipp Schienbein and Inga Kolling and Gerhard Schwaab and Dominik Marx and Martina Havenith}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8614}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadp8614}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Random encounters dominate water-water interactions at supercritical conditions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active restoration of a long-lived octocoral drives rapid functional recovery in a temperate reef. SCIADV, 11(11), eado5249. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Whether restoration actions achieve full ecological recovery is still debated. This is particularly controversial in the marine realm, where the success of restoration is mostly evaluated in terms of the short-term survival of transplanted organisms. In view of this, we combined population and trait-based approaches to explore the long-term effectiveness of active restoration of a key Mediterranean octocoral. For this purpose, an assemblage with restored Corallium rubrum colonies was monitored over 10 years and compared with a nearby reference site. Our results revealed growth of the transplanted colonies followed by a change in the functional structure (i.e., dominance and diversity of traits) of the restored assemblage. This change was related not only to the development of the coral but also to the arrival and/or increase of species with different traits. Overall, our findings provide an example of how active restoration of long-lived octocorals can be an effective tool for recovering high-diverse coralligenous assemblages at decadal timescales.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanis Zentner and Joaquim Garrabou and Núria Margarit and Graciel·la Rovira and Daniel Gómez-Gras and Cristina Linares}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado5249}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eado5249}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active restoration of a long-lived octocoral drives rapid functional recovery in a temperate reef}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shaping early neural development by timed elevated tissue oxygen tension: Insights from multiomic analysis on human cerebral organoids. SCIADV, 11(11), eado1164. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxygen plays a critical role in early neural development in brains, particularly before establishment of complete vasculature; however, it has seldom been investigated due to technical limitations. This study uses an in vitro human cerebral organoid model with multiomic analysis, integrating advanced microscopies and single-cell RNA sequencing, to monitor tissue oxygen tension during neural development. Results reveal a key period between weeks 4 and 6 with elevated intra-organoid oxygen tension, altered energy homeostasis, and rapid neurogenesis within the organoids. The timed oxygen tension elevation can be suppressed by hypoxia treatment or silencing of neuroglobin gene. This study provides insights into the role of oxygen in early neurogenesis from functional, genotypic, phenotypic, and proteomic aspects. These findings highlight the significance of the timed tissue oxygen tension elevation in neurogenesis and provide insights into the role of neuroglobin in neural development, with potential implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases and therapeutic strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuan-Hsuan Liu and Meng-Ting Chung and Hsi-Chieh Lin and Tse-Ang Lee and Ya-Jen Cheng and Chien-Chang Huang and Hsiao-Mei Wu and Yi-Chung Tung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1164}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eado1164}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shaping early neural development by timed elevated tissue oxygen tension: Insights from multiomic analysis on human cerebral organoids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of vortex-pair dance and oscillation. SCIADV, 11(11), eadn9279. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vortex dynamics, which encompass the motion, evolution, and propagation of vortices, elicit both fascination and challenges across various domains such as fluid dynamics, atmospheric science, and physics. This study focuses on the fundamental dynamics of vortex-pair fields, specifically known as vortex-pair beams (VPBs) in optics. VPBs have gained increasing attention due to their unique properties, including vortex attraction and repulsion. Here, we explore the dynamics of pure-phase VPBs (PPVPBs) and observe intriguing helical and intertwined behaviors of vortices, resembling a vortex-pair dance. We uncover the oscillation property of the intervortex distance for PPVPBs in free space. The observed dancing and oscillation phenomena are intricately tied to the initial intervortex distance and can be explained well in the hydrodynamic picture. Notably, the vortex dancing and oscillation alter the process of vortex-pair annihilation, extending the survival range for opposite vortices. This discovery enhances our understanding of vortex interactions and sheds light on the intricate dynamics of both vortex-vortex and vortex-antivortex interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dadong Liu and Lai Chen and Li-Gang Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn9279}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadn9279}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of vortex-pair dance and oscillation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial 3D genome organization reveals intratumor heterogeneity in primary glioblastoma samples. SCIADV, 11(11), eadn2830. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis. Although chromatin intratumoral heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of GBM, most current studies are conducted at a single tumor site. To investigate the GBM-specific 3D genome organization and its heterogeneity, we conducted Hi-C experiments in 21 GBM samples from nine patients, along with three normal brain samples. We identified genome subcompartmentalization and chromatin interactions specific to GBM, as well as extensive intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity at these levels. We identified copy number variants (CNVs) and structural variations (SVs) and demonstrated how they disrupted 3D genome structures. SVs could not only induce enhancer hijacking but also cause the loss of enhancers to the same gene, both of which contributed to gene dysregulation. Our findings provide insights into the GBM-specific 3D genome organization and the intratumoral heterogeneity of this organization and open avenues for understanding this devastating disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qixuan Wang and Juan Wang and Radhika Mathur and Mark W. Youngblood and Qiushi Jin and Ye Hou and Lena Ann Stasiak and Yu Luan and Hengqiang Zhao and Stephanie Hilz and Chibo Hong and Susan M. Chang and Janine M. Lupo and Joanna J. Phillips and Joseph F. Costello and Feng Yue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn2830}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {11}, pages = {eadn2830}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial 3D genome organization reveals intratumor heterogeneity in primary glioblastoma samples}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Advancing the science of women’s health. SCIADV, 11(10), eadw5514. (www)

  @article{ , archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tali Sharot}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw5514}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadw5514}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Advancing the science of women’s health}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An annular corneal microneedle patch for minimally invasive ophthalmic drug delivery. SCIADV, 11(10), eadv1661. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microneedles directly penetrating into the cornea inevitably cause pain, corneal structure damage, and reduced light transmittance. In this work, a minimally invasive annular microneedle (A-MN) patch was developed avoiding direct puncture into the central cornea for ophthalmic drug delivery. The feasible mechanical strength of A-MNs was achieved by adjusting the ratio of PVP-β-CD and PVA to puncture the cornea barrier. Through effective diffusion to corneal stroma, bioavailability of hydrophilic small-molecule drugs, hydrophobic drugs, and macromolecular protein drugs through an A-MN patch was 24.36, 17.47, and 5.36 times higher than that of free drug administration. A-MNs effectively maintained light transmittance of the cornea with a light transmittance of 96.33 to 100%, which was higher than that of S-MNs. Furthermore, A-MNs effectively avoided corneal tissue and nerve damage along with the pain. The efficiency and safety of A-MNs were also examined through both an in vitro cell experiment and an in vivo animal experimental model, which showed great potential in clinical application.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Wang and Yishun Guo and Ben Chen and Si Lu and Jianhua Yang and Yingying Jin and Xinyi Wang and Xinyue Sun and Shuting Wang and Bailiang Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv1661}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadv1661}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An annular corneal microneedle patch for minimally invasive ophthalmic drug delivery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pregnancy as an opportunity to explore brain-immune connections in mental health. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu8270. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pregnancy’s effects on the brain, behavior, and hormones provide a unique opportunity to study how the immune system integrates these adaptations and influences mental health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Serena B. Gumusoglu and Ina A. Stelzer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu8270}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu8270}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pregnancy as an opportunity to explore brain-immune connections in mental health}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Operando unveiling the activity origin via preferential structural evolution in ni-fe (oxy)phosphides for efficient oxygen evolution. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu5370. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Non-noble metal-based heteroatom compounds demonstrate excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the origin of this activity, driven by structure evolution effects, remains unclear due to the lack of effective in situ/operando techniques. Herein, we employ the operando quick-scan x-ray absorption fine structure (Q-XAFS) technique coupled with in situ controlled electrochemical potential to establish a structure-activity correlation of the OER catalyst. Using Ni-Fe bimetallic phosphides as a model catalyst, operando Q-XAFS experiments reveal that the structural transformation initiates at the preferential oxidation of Fe sites over Ni sites. The in situ–generated O-Fe-P structure serves as the origin of the enhanced electrocatalytic OER activity of the catalyst, a finding supported by theoretical calculations. This work provides crucial insights into understanding the reaction mechanism of the state-of-the-art Ni-Fe–based OER electrocatalysts, thus advancing the rational design of more efficient OER electrocatalysts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhi-Peng Wu and Shouwei Zuo and Zhihao Pei and Jing Zhang and Lirong Zheng and Deyan Luan and Huabin Zhang and Xiong Wen (David) Lou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5370}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu5370}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Operando unveiling the activity origin via preferential structural evolution in ni-fe (oxy)phosphides for efficient oxygen evolution}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Epstein-barr virus infection promotes t cell dysregulation in a humanized mouse model of multiple sclerosis. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu5110. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Latent infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a strong risk factor for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate this association, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in immunodeficient mice reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from individuals with or without a history of EBV infection and/or relapsing MS (RRMS). HuPBMC EAE mice generated from EBV-seronegative healthy donors were less susceptible to developing severe neurological symptoms than healthy EBV-seropositive and RRMS donor groups. Donor EBV seropositivity and RRMS diagnosis were associated with a significant increase in the number of central nervous system (CNS) infiltrating effector T cells due to enhanced proliferation of proinflammatory T cells and limited expansion of regulatory T cells. The data indicate that a history of EBV infection, further compounded by a diagnosis of RRMS, promotes T cell–mediated xenogeneic CNS disease in a humanized mouse model of MS.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica R. Allanach and Naomi M. Fettig and Blair K. Hardman and Ariel R. Rosen and Vina Fan and Cynthia Chung and Erin J. Goldberg and Zachary J. Morse and Iryna Shanina and Galina Vorobeychik and Lisa C. Osborne and Marc S. Horwitz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5110}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu5110}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Epstein-barr virus infection promotes t cell dysregulation in a humanized mouse model of multiple sclerosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On-chip reconfigurable transmission in spatially chirped floquet parity-time symmetric photonics. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu4653. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Phase transition in parity-time (PT) symmetry is one of the most intriguing discoveries in non-Hermitian physics, giving rise to plenty of physical phenomena and strategies to develop advanced devices and systems, such as unconventional lasers, nonreciprocal transmission, and enhanced sensitivity. Floquet PT-symmetric systems are characterized by time-periodic Hamiltonians, in which the gain or loss is modulated to steer the PT phase, providing an additional dimension for realizing phase transitions. In this study, we introduce frequency-varying modulation, specifically spatially chirped modulation, into on-chip Floquet PT-symmetric photonic waveguides to explore their unique properties. The waveguides exhibit distinct forward and backward transmissions when the system dynamically evolves around phase transition points, i.e., exceptional points. Furthermore, reconfigurable asymmetric transmission systems are developed by integrating tunable mode switches. Combining non-Hermitian physics with the advanced technologies of photonic integrated circuits holds great potential to create devices and systems with improved functionalities and enhanced performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenbo Mao and Fu Li and Qian Zhang and Weijie Xu and Kashif Masud Awan and Lan Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4653}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu4653}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On-chip reconfigurable transmission in spatially chirped floquet parity-time symmetric photonics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). All-microwave spectroscopy and polarization of individual nuclear spins in a solid. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu0581. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pushing the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the single spin level would have a major impact in chemistry and biology and is the goal of intense research efforts. We report magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements of individual nuclear spins in a crystal coupled to a neighboring paramagnetic center, detected using microwave fluorescence at millikelvin temperatures. We observe real-time quantum jumps of the nuclear spin state, a proof of their individual nature. By driving the forbidden transitions of the coupled electron-nuclear spin system, we also achieve single-spin solid-effect dynamical nuclear polarization. Relying exclusively on microwave driving and microwave photon counting, the methods reported here are, in principle, applicable to a large number of electron-nuclear spin systems, in a wide variety of samples.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaime Travesedo and James O'Sullivan and Louis Pallegoix and Zhiyuan W. Huang and Patrick Hogan and Philippe Goldner and Thierry Chaneliere and Sylvain Bertaina and Daniel Estève and Patrick Abgrall and Denis Vion and Emmanuel Flurin and Patrice Bertet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0581}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu0581}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {All-microwave spectroscopy and polarization of individual nuclear spins in a solid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural insights into promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II at +1 nucleosome. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu0577. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The metazoan transcription elongation complex (EC) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) generally stalls between the transcription start site and the first (+1) nucleosome. This promoter-proximal pausing involves negative elongation factor (NELF), 5,6-dichloro-1-β- d -ribobenzimidazole sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), and transcription elongation factor IIS (TFIIS) and is critical for subsequent productive transcription elongation. However, the detailed pausing mechanism and the involvement of the +1 nucleosome remain enigmatic. Here, we report cryo–electron microscopy structures of ECs stalled on nucleosomal DNA. In the absence of TFIIS, the EC is backtracked/arrested due to conflicts between NELF and the nucleosome. We identified two alternative binding modes of NELF, one of which reveals a critical contact with the downstream DNA through the conserved NELF-E basic helix. Upon binding with TFIIS, the EC progressed to the nucleosome to establish a paused EC with a partially unwrapped nucleosome. This paused EC strongly restricts EC progression further downstream. These structures illuminate the mechanism of RNAPII pausing/stalling at the +1 nucleosome.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Masahiro Naganuma and Tomoya Kujirai and Haruhiko Ehara and Tamami Uejima and Tomoko Ito and Mie Goto and Mari Aoki and Masami Henmi and Sayako Miyamoto-Kohno and Mikako Shirouzu and Hitoshi Kurumizaka and Shun-ichi Sekine}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0577}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu0577}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural insights into promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II at +1 nucleosome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reconfiguring hot-hole flux via polarity modulation of p-GaN in plasmonic schottky architectures. SCIADV, 11(10), eadu0086. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While energetic plasmonic hot carriers in nonthermal equilibrium states have pushed the limits of energy conversion efficiency in plasmon-driven photocatalysts and optoelectronics, the acceleration of plasmonic hot-hole flux remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate an approach to control the generation and injection nature of plasmonic hot holes released from Au nanomesh/p-type GaN (p-GaN) Schottky architecture by modulating polarity of p-GaN. This polarity modulation enhances the flux of hot holes into the plasmonic platform, thereby accelerating Landau damping stemming from increased effective heat capacity of hot electrons in the metallic nanomaterial. We observed that this strategy drives the intensified hot-hole flux even in non–hot spot areas, hinting at the prospect of leveraging the complete potential of the plasmonic device beyond usual hot spots. The polarity modulation in plasmonic Schottky device gives rise to opportunities for manipulating the nature of plasmonic hot carriers for future energy conversion devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyunhwa Lee and Yujin Park and Sanghee Nah and Mincheol Kang and Moonsang Lee and Jeong Young Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0086}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadu0086}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reconfiguring hot-hole flux via polarity modulation of p-GaN in plasmonic schottky architectures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases—A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt9243. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Once taken into consideration, sex differences in neurological diseases emerge in abundance: (i) Stroke severity is significantly higher in females than in males, (ii) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology is more pronounced in females, and (iii) conspicuous links with hormonal cycles led to female-specific diagnoses, such as catamenial migraines and epilepsy. While these differences receive increasing attention in isolation, they likely link to similar processes in the brain. Hence, this review aims to present an overview of the influences of sex chromosomes, hormones, and aging on male and female brains across health and disease, with a particular focus on AD and stroke. The focus here on advancements across several fields holds promise to fuel future research and to lead to an enriched understanding of the brain and more effective personalized neurologic care for all.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anna K. Bonkhoff and Gillian Coughlan and Valentina Perosa and Kenda Alhadid and Markus D. Schirmer and Robert W. Regenhardt and Susanne van Veluw and Rachel Buckley and Michael D. Fox and Natalia S. Rost}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9243}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt9243}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases—A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). LPS binding caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs) are bipartite lipid binding modules. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt9027. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Caspase-11 is an innate immune pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that detects cytosolic bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) through its caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD). Caspase-11 also detects eukaryotic (i.e., self) lipids. This observation raises the question of whether common or distinct mechanisms govern caspase interactions with self- and nonself-lipids. In this study, using biochemical, computational, and cell-based assays, we report that the caspase-11 CARD functions as a bipartite lipid-binding module. Distinct regions within the CARD bind to phosphate groups and long acyl chains of self- and nonself-lipids. Self-lipid binding capability is conserved across numerous caspase-11 homologs and orthologs. The symmetry in self- and nonself-lipid detection mechanisms enabled us to engineer an LPS-binding domain de novo, using an ancestral CARD-like domain present in the fish Amphilophus citrinellus . These findings offer insights into the molecular basis of LPS recognition by caspase-11 and highlight the fundamental and likely inseparable relationship between self and nonself discrimination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Anh B. Cao and Pascal Devant and Chengliang Wang and Mengyu Sun and Stephanie N. Kennedy and Weiyi Ma and Jianbin Ruan and Jonathan C. Kagan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9027}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt9027}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {LPS binding caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs) are bipartite lipid binding modules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stretchable [2]rotaxane-bridged MXene films applicable for electroluminescent devices. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt8262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T X ) MXene has prominent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. However, fabricating high-performance macroscopic films is challenging, as weak interlayer interactions limit their mechanical performance. Here, we introduce [2]rotaxane, a mechanically interlocked molecule, to enhance MXene films. Compared to pure MXene (fracture strain: 4.6%, toughness: 0.6 MJ/m 3 ), [2]rotaxane-bridged MXene (RBM) films achieve record-high strain (20.0%) and toughness (11.9 MJ/m 3 ) with only 3.6% [2]rotaxane by weight. Additionally, RBM films endure 500 stretch cycles (0 to 15% strain) with stable and reversible resistance alterations, making them ideal for stretchable electrodes. Notably, RBM films enable stretchable electroluminescent devices with reliable operation under 20% elongation and customizable luminescent patterns. This innovative use of mechanically interlocked molecules to cross-link MXene platelets advances MXene films and other two-dimensional materials in stretchable electronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chunyu Wang and Boyue Gao and Kai Xue and Wenbin Wang and Jun Zhao and Ruixue Bai and Tinghao Yun and Zhiwei Fan and Mengling Yang and Zhaoming Zhang and Zhitao Zhang and Xuzhou Yan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt8262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stretchable [2]rotaxane-bridged MXene films applicable for electroluminescent devices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Toward personalized clinical interventions for perinatal depression: Leveraging precision functional mapping. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt8104. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Precision functional mapping has the potential to quantify risk of perinatal depression among women through individual-specific neurobiological markers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura Pritschet and Emily Beydler and Sheila Shanmugan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8104}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt8104}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Toward personalized clinical interventions for perinatal depression: Leveraging precision functional mapping}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with bispecific polyvalent peptides suppress excessive neutrophil infiltration and boost therapy. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt7387. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Excessive neutrophil infiltration can exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage, contributing to conditions like autoimmune disorders and liver diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) share homing mechanisms with neutrophils, showing promise for treating such diseases. However, ex vivo expanded MSCs often suffer from reduced homing efficiency due to the loss of essential ligands. Here, we engineer MSCs with P-selectin and E-selectin targeting peptides, assembling them into bispecific polyvalent structures using DNA self-assembly technology. This modification allows engineered MSCs to compete with chemotactic neutrophils for selectin binding sites on endothelial cells. In a mouse model of acute liver failure, engineered MSCs effectively home to the damaged liver and substantially inhibit excessive neutrophil infiltration. The combination of inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and the MSCs’ inherent therapeutic properties lead to superior therapeutic outcomes. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that engineered MSCs elevate the levels of Marco_macrophage, which have neutrophil-inhibitory effects. Our study offers a perspective for advancing MSC-based therapies in tissue repair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tenghui Ye and Zixin Wu and Xi Liu and Jiamin Wu and Qin Fu and Jie Cao and Di Zhang and Peng Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7387}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt7387}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with bispecific polyvalent peptides suppress excessive neutrophil infiltration and boost therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Scalable acoustic virtual stirrer for enhanced interfacial enzymatic nucleic acid reactions. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt6955. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Enzymatic nucleic acid reaction is a fundamental tool in molecular biology. However, high-complexity enzymatic DNA reactions and assays are still challenging due to the difficulties in integrating and scaling up microscale reaction units and mixing tools. Here, we present scalable acoustofluidic platform featuring acoustic virtual stirrer (AVS) arrays, serving as stirrers to increase the efficiency of interfacial enzymatic nucleic acid reactions. Analogous to magnetic stirrers, AVS arrays perturb the fluid through oscillating pressure nodes, controllable in terms of speeds and amplitudes via modulation. By optimizing the kinetics of surface-tethered DNA and enzymes via AVS, we achieve a 7.74% improvement in the stepwise yield of enzymatic DNA synthesis. In addition, the AVS enhanced DNA logic gate architecture can complete responses within 2 minutes, achieving average speed enhancement of 8.58 times compared to the non-AVS configuration. With its tunability, ease of integration, and efficiency, this technology holds promises for applications in biology and chemistry.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dayang Li and Kunjie Li and Jianquan Li and Dongfang Li and Heng Chen and Sen-Sen Li and Chaoyong Yang and Huimin Zhang and Lu-Jian Chen and Xuejia Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6955}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt6955}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Scalable acoustic virtual stirrer for enhanced interfacial enzymatic nucleic acid reactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Linking birth experience and perinatal depression symptoms to neuroanatomical changes in hippocampus and amygdala. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt5619. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Childbirth is a life-changing event in a mother’s life. While the transition to motherhood has recently been recognized as one of the most neuroplastic periods in adulthood, no study has yet explored whether the hippocampus and amygdala change during the peripartum in relation to childbirth experience and perinatal depression symptoms. In this longitudinal neuroimaging study, we assessed 88 first-time gestational mothers in late pregnancy and early postpartum and 30 nulliparous control women. We used optimized high-resolution MRI scans to quantify volumetric changes in the hippocampus and amygdala, along with their substructures. We found that increases in depression symptoms during the peripartum were positively correlated with changes in the right amygdala. A more challenging birth experience was associated with bilateral increases in hippocampal volume. These findings show that studying the neuroanatomical changes during the transition to motherhood can inform not only about adaptive processes but also about potential vulnerabilities, highlighting the importance of tracking perinatal experiences to enhance women’s health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cristina Ballesteros and María Paternina-Die and Magdalena Martínez-García and Gonzalo López-Montoya and Inés Noguero and Manuel Desco and Oscar Vilarroya and Daniel Martín de Blas and Susana Carmona}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5619}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt5619}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Linking birth experience and perinatal depression symptoms to neuroanatomical changes in hippocampus and amygdala}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interfacial metal–coordinated bifunctional PtCo for practical fuel cells. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt4914. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Platinum (Pt) has been documented as the top-tier fuel cell catalyst, yet it faces a notable challenge regarding its poor CO tolerance and sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), particularly when using CO-contaminated blue and gray H 2 . Here, we present an interfacial metal coordination strategy to design a bifunctional platinum-cobalt (PtCo) intermetallic catalyst integrated with a tin-nitrogen-carbon (Sn–N–C) support, which forms Pt–Sn–N bonds that substantially boost both ORR activity and CO tolerance. The PtCo/Sn–N–C-made fuel cell achieves a topmost peak power density of 2.11 watts per square centimeter in 100 parts per million (ppm) of CO-containing H 2 , surpassing all previously reported PEMFCs. In addition, it operates stably at a rated voltage for over 710 hours in 100 ppm of CO/H 2 -air. This work demonstrates the feasibility of fuel cells directly using CO-contaminated gray & blue H 2 , paving the way for PEMFC-driven energy vehicles.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhongliang Huang and Qi Xiao and Tianyi Ding and Jing Xia and Changhong Zhan and Xiangmin Meng and Chih-Wen Pao and Zhiwei Hu and Wei-Hsiang Huang and Yingru Wang and Nanjun Chen and Liang Cao and Xiaoqing Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4914}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt4914}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interfacial metal–coordinated bifunctional PtCo for practical fuel cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Development of xanthone derivatives as effective broad-spectrum antimicrobials: Disrupting cell wall and inhibiting DNA synthesis. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt4723. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Discovering potent antibiotics is of critical importance due to the substantial increases of microbial resistance. Xanthones are intriguing sources of antimicrobials, despite a scarcity of extensive investigations into their mechanisms of action. Here, we reported the development of a series of xanthone derivatives, among which compound XT17 displayed strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, weak hemolytic activity, and low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines, low frequencies of drug resistance, and potent in vivo efficacy in Staphylococcu aureus – or Pseudomonas aeruginosa –induced murine corneal infection models. Compound XT17 presented a multifaceted mode of actions, involving the disruption of cell wall by interacting with lipoteichoic acid or lipopolysaccharides and the suppression of DNA synthesis. A further docking study confirmed the capability of compound XT17 to form a stable complex with the bacterial gyrase enzyme. This work could offer an innovative design strategy for developing broad-spectrum therapeutic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haizhou Li and Wen-Tyng Kang and Yujiahui Zheng and Yonglv He and Rongcui Zhong and Shanfang Fang and Weijie Wen and Shouping Liu and Shuimu Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4723}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt4723}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Development of xanthone derivatives as effective broad-spectrum antimicrobials: Disrupting cell wall and inhibiting DNA synthesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Paralemmin-1 controls the nanoarchitecture of the neuronal submembrane cytoskeleton. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt3724. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The submembrane cytoskeleton of neurons displays a highly ordered 190-nanometer periodic actin-spectrin lattice, the membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS). It is involved in mechanical resilience, signaling, and action potential transmission. Here, we identify paralemmin-1 (Palm1) as a component and regulator of the MPS. Palm1 binds to the amino-terminal region of βII-spectrin, and MINFLUX microscopy localizes it in close proximity (<20 nanometers) to the actin-capping protein and MPS component adducin. Combining overexpression, knockout, and rescue experiments, we observe that the expression level of Palm1 controls the degree of periodicity of the MPS and also affects the electrophysiological properties of neurons. A single amino acid mutation (W54A) in Palm1 abolishes the MPS binding and remodeling activities of Palm1. Our findings identify Palm1 as a protein specifically dedicated to organizing the MPS and will advance the understanding of the assembly and plasticity of the actin-spectrin submembrane skeleton in general.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Victor Macarrón-Palacios and Jasmine Hubrich and Maria Augusta do Rego Barros Fernandes Lima and Nicole G. Metzendorf and Simon Kneilmann and Marleen Trapp and Claudio Acuna and Annarita Patrizi and Elisa D’Este and Manfred W. Kilimann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3724}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt3724}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Paralemmin-1 controls the nanoarchitecture of the neuronal submembrane cytoskeleton}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Donor HLA-DQ genetic and functional divergence affect the control of BK polyoma virus infection after kidney transplantation. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt3499. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection remains a major concern after kidney transplantation, increasing the risk of graft loss in the absence of specific antiviral agent now available. Here, we investigated the impact of HLA diversity on the control of posttransplant BKPyV replication. High HLA evolutionary divergence (HED) at the DQ locus in the donor was an independent predictor of BKPyV-free outcome. More generally, we highlighted the protective effect of highly divergent pairs of HLA-DQ heterodimers corresponding to heterozygous HLA-DQα01/non-DQα01 combinations. We then defined a functional divergence metrics assessed by the similarity of peptide-binding motifs between pairs of HLA-DQ molecules. Greater functional divergence correlated with the size of the BKPyV-derived DQ-bound immunopeptidome and a lower risk of BKPyV reactivation, thus providing a molecular basis for the observed genetic differences. Together, these data provide evidence for a direct link between donor HLA-DQ genetic and functional divergence, diversity of the DQ-bound immunopeptidome, and control of viral infection, likely reflecting stronger antiviral T cell responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mathieu F. Chevalier and Vincent Allain and Julien Gras and Julien Racle and Juliette Villemonteix and Gillian Divard and Linda Feghoul and Constance Delaugerre and Jean-Michel Molina and Jean-Luc Taupin and Marie-Noelle Peraldi and David Gfeller and Cyrille Feray and Sophie Caillat-Zucman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3499}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt3499}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Donor HLA-DQ genetic and functional divergence affect the control of BK polyoma virus infection after kidney transplantation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Creation of a macrolide antibiotic against non-tuberculous mycobacterium using late-stage boron-mediated aglycon delivery. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt2352. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is gaining clinical recognition as a recently emerging pulmonary pathogen. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), the most common NTM, is the cause of pulmonary MAC disease. Currently, the macrolide azithromycin (AZM) is the standard first-line antibiotic for treatment of the disease. However, the rise of drug-resistant MAC necessitates the development of alternative therapeutics. Here, we present a late-stage boron-mediated aglycon delivery strategy for selective modification of AZM, generating a library of potential anti-MAC drugs designated KU01 to KU13 . Screening of KU01 to KU13 revealed that KU13 exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against wild-type and macrolide-resistant MAC compared to AZM. Cryo–electron microscopy analysis indicated that the inserted tercyclic moiety of KU13 formed a robust anchor on the bacterial ribosome, creating a binding pocket with base flipping of U2847, potentially bypassing the standard mechanism of macrolide resistance. These results position KU13 as a promising lead for therapeutics against macrolide-resistant MAC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuka Isozaki and Takumi Makikawa and Kosuke Kimura and Daiki Nishihara and Maho Fujino and Yoshikazu Tanaka and Chigusa Hayashi and Yoshimasa Ishizaki and Masayuki Igarashi and Takeshi Yokoyama and Kazunobu Toshima and Daisuke Takahashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2352}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt2352}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Creation of a macrolide antibiotic against non-tuberculous mycobacterium using late-stage boron-mediated aglycon delivery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perinatal intrusions: A window into perinatal anxiety disorders. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt2170. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mental health is the leading cause of preventable perinatal maternal mortality. Studying perinatal intrusions can shed light on determinants of maternal mental health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Susanne Schweizer and Bronwyn Graham}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2170}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt2170}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perinatal intrusions: A window into perinatal anxiety disorders}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oxytocin induces embryonic diapause. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt1763. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Embryonic development in many species, including case reports in humans, can be temporarily halted before implantation during a process called diapause. Facultative diapause occurs under conditions of maternal metabolic stress such as nursing. While molecular mechanisms of diapause have been studied, a natural inducing factor has yet to be identified. Here, we show that oxytocin induces embryonic diapause in mice. We show that gestational delays were triggered during nursing or optogenetic stimulation of oxytocin neurons simulating nursing patterns. Mouse blastocysts express oxytocin receptors, and oxytocin induced delayed implantation-like dispersion in cultured embryos. Last, oxytocin receptor–knockout embryos transferred into wild-type surrogates had low survival rates during diapause. Our results indicate that oxytocin coordinates timing of embryonic development with uterine progression through pregnancy, providing an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for ensuring successful reproduction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jessica L. Minder and Sarah B. Winokur and Janaye Stephens and Jie Tong and Naomi L. Cassel and Luisa Schuster and Habon A. Issa and Michael Cammer and Latika Khatri and Gaia Moisan and Maria Alvarado-Torres and Orlando Aristizábal and Youssef Z. Wadghiri and Sang Yong Kim and Silvana Valtcheva and Catherine Pei-ju Lu and Moses V. Chao and Robert C. Froemke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1763}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt1763}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oxytocin induces embryonic diapause}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Two paradoxes in women’s well-being. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt1646. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We review the literature on the gender gap in well-being, identifying two key paradoxes. First, although women today report higher levels of life satisfaction and overall happiness than men, they experience worse outcomes in mental health and negative affect. Second, despite substantial advances in women’s social and economic status over the past 50 years, their well-being relative to men has declined. We explore the evidence supporting these paradoxes, considering potential explanations related to differential expectations, biology, and scale use. Using global data from 2006 to 2023 and long-term data from Europe and the US since the 1970s, we provide empirical illustrations. These findings reveal a diverse and seemingly inconsistent pattern of gender well-being gaps between countries, suggesting that the first paradox is not universally applicable. However, there is clear global evidence of a relative decline in women’s well-being, particularly in terms of negative affect.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Caspar Kaiser and Naomi Muggleton and Edika Quispe-Torreblanca and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1646}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt1646}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Two paradoxes in women’s well-being}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Associations between hormone therapy use and tau accumulation in brain regions vulnerable to alzheimer’s disease. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt1288. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Elucidating the downstream impact of exogenous hormones on the aging brain will have far-reaching consequences for understanding why Alzheimer’s disease (AD) predominates in women almost twofold over men. We tested the extent to which menopausal hormone therapy (HT) use is associated with later-life amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau accumulation using PET on N = 146 baseline clinically normal women, aged 51 to 89 years. Women were scanned over a 4.5-year (SD, 2.1; range, 1.3 to 10.4) and 3.5-year (SD, 1.5; range, 1.2 to 8.1) period for Aβ and tau, respectively, ~14 years after the initiation of HT. In older women (aged >70 years), HT users exhibited faster regional tau accumulation relative to non-users, localized to the entorhinal cortex and the inferior temporal and fusiform gyri, with an indirect effect of HT on cognitive decline through regional tau accumulation. In younger women (aged <70 years), HT associations with tau accumulation were negligible. Findings are relevant for optimizing menopausal treatment guidelines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gillian T. Coughlan and Zoe Rubinstein and Hannah Klinger and Kelly A. Lopez and Stephaine Hsieh and Rory Boyle and Mabel Seto and Diana Townsend and Danielle Mayblyum and Emma Thibault and Heidi I. L. Jacobs and Michelle Farrell and Jennifer S. Rabin and Kate Papp and Rebecca Amariglio and Suzanne Baker and Cristina Lois and Dorene Rentz and Julie Price and Aaron Schultz and Michael Properzi and Keith Johnson and Reisa Sperling and Rachel F. Buckley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1288}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt1288}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Associations between hormone therapy use and tau accumulation in brain regions vulnerable to alzheimer’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The monthly rhythm of the brain-heart connection. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt1243. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Integrating the menstrual cycle into heart-brain research is a crucial step toward advancing sex-specific medicine and improving outcomes for female brain and body health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jellina Prinsen and Arno Villringer and Julia Sacher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1243}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt1243}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The monthly rhythm of the brain-heart connection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In-plane hierarchical assembly of two-dimensional molecular crystals toward on-chip multimode optical waveguides. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt0938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) organic lateral heterostructures (OLHs) integrating two or more components have important potential applications in optoelectronics. However, the controlled synthesis of 2D OLHs with in-plane tunable emission remains a great challenge owing to the difficulty in the sequential integration of multiple components. Here, a cascaded strategy is demonstrated for the hierarchical assembly of OLHs with in-plane multicolor emission, from red-blue and red-green to lateral red-green-blue (RGB), with a lateral size of ~15 micrometers. The tunable regions of 2D OLHs are realized by synergistic effects of the molecular doping method and the photo-induced oxidation route during the epitaxial growth process. The obtained OLHs can actively achieve full-spectrum light transport from 420 to 720 nanometers depending on different excitation positions and thus function as multimode RGB signal converters. These findings provide insights into the epitaxial growth of OLHs for the development of next-generation organic optoelectronics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tian-Zhe Feng and Qiang Lv and Zhao-Ji Lv and Chao-Fei Xu and Jia-Hao Jiang and Xue-Dong Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt0938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In-plane hierarchical assembly of two-dimensional molecular crystals toward on-chip multimode optical waveguides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perirhinal cortex abnormalities impair hippocampal plasticity and learning in scn2a, fmr1, and cdkl5 autism mouse models. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt0780. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Learning and memory deficits, including spatial navigation difficulties, are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Several ASD mouse models ( Scn2a +/− , Fmr1 −/− , Cdkl5 −/− ) exhibit impaired spatial learning, with these deficits often attributed to hippocampal dysfunction. However, we identify the perirhinal cortex (PRC) as a critical driver of these deficits. Cortical-wide Scn2a reduction in excitatory neurons replicated the spatial learning and long-term potentiation (LTP) impairments—a cellular correlate of learning—seen in Scn2a +/− mice, while hippocampal-wide reduction did not. PRC-specific viral-mediated Scn2a reduction in excitatory neurons decreased release probability, which consequently disrupted synaptic transmission and LTP in the hippocampus, as well as spatial learning. As PRC activity was reduced, chemogenetic activation of the PRC reversed these deficits in Scn2a +/− mice and rescued spatial learning and LTP impairments in Fmr1 and Cdkl5 knockout mice. Thus, in several genetic models of ASD, PRC abnormalities may disrupt hippocampal function to impair learning and memory.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rachel E. Keith and Yiming Shen and Jordan A. Janzen-Meza and Joseph Abramovitz and Priscila C. Antonello and Aysha Hameed and Baskar Mohana Krishnan and Michelle W. Antoine}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0780}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt0780}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perirhinal cortex abnormalities impair hippocampal plasticity and learning in scn2a, fmr1, and cdkl5 autism mouse models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The interplay between age at menopause and synaptic integrity on alzheimer’s disease risk in women. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt0757. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Menopause is a major biological transition that may influence women’s late-life brain health. Earlier estrogen depletion—via earlier menopause—has been associated with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Synaptic dysfunction also incites and exacerbates AD progression. We investigated whether age at menopause and synaptic health together influence AD neuropathology and cognitive trajectories using clinical and autopsy data from 268 female decedents in the Rush Memory and Aging Project. We observed significant interactions between age at menopause and synaptic integrity on cognitive decline and tau tangles, such that earlier menopause strengthened the associations of reduced synaptic integrity with faster cognitive decline and elevated tau. Exploratory analyses showed that these relationships were attenuated in women who took menopausal hormone therapy. These findings suggest that midlife endocrine processes or their sequalae may influence synaptic vulnerability to AD. Interventions addressing both hormonal factors and synaptic health could enhance resilience to dementia in women.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Madeline Wood Alexander and William G. Honer and Rowan Saloner and Liisa A. M. Galea and David A. Bennett and Jennifer S. Rabin and Kaitlin B. Casaletto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0757}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt0757}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The interplay between age at menopause and synaptic integrity on alzheimer’s disease risk in women}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The power—and complexity—of policy to drive advances in women’s health. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt0576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As international investments in women’s health increase, funders are adopting sex and gender policies and regulators are requiring disaggregated data, actions which impact research design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bronwyn M. Graham and Cara Tannenbaum and Alice Witt and Keziah Bennett-Brook and Sue Haupt and Kate Womersley and Séverine Lamon and Robyn Norton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt0576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The power—and complexity—of policy to drive advances in women’s health}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiplexed glycan immunofluorescence identification of pancreatic cancer cell subpopulations in both tumor and blood samples. SCIADV, 11(10), eadt0029. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor heterogeneity impedes the development of biomarker assays for early disease detection. We hypothesized that PDAC cell subpopulations could be identified by aberrant glycan signatures in both tumor tissue and blood samples. We used multiplexed glycan immunofluorescence to distinguish between PDAC and noncancer cell subpopulations within tumor tissue, and we developed hybrid glycan sandwich assays to determine whether the aberrant glycan signatures could be detected in blood samples. We found that PDAC cells were identified by signatures of glycans detected by four glycan-binding proteins (VVL, CA19-9, sTRA, and GM2) and that there are three types of glycan-defined PDAC tumors: sTRA type, CA19-9 type, and intermixed. In patient-matched tumor and blood samples, the PDAC tumor type could be determined by the aberrant glycans in the blood. As a result, the combined assays of aberrant glycan signatures were more sensitive and specific than any individual assay. Our results demonstrate a methodology to detect and stratify PDAC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Braelyn Binkowski and Zachary Klamer and ChongFeng Gao and Ben Staal and Anna Repesh and Hoang-Le Tran and David M. Brass and Pamela Bartlett and Steven Gallinger and Maria Blomqvist and J. Bradley Morrow and Peter Allen and Chanjuan Shi and Aatur Singhi and Randall Brand and Ying Huang and Galen Hostetter and Brian B. Haab}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0029}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadt0029}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiplexed glycan immunofluorescence identification of pancreatic cancer cell subpopulations in both tumor and blood samples}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of antimicrobial peptides with notable antibacterial potency by an LLM-based foundation model. SCIADV, 11(10), eads8932. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advancements in chemistry and biomedical research, acting as versatile foundation models for various tasks. We introduce AMP-Designer, an LLM-based approach, for swiftly designing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with desired properties. Within 11 days, AMP-Designer achieved the de novo design of 18 AMPs with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative bacteria. In vitro validation revealed a 94.4% success rate, with two candidates demonstrating exceptional antibacterial efficacy, minimal hemotoxicity, stability in human plasma, and low potential to induce resistance, as evidenced by significant bacterial load reduction in murine lung infection experiments. The entire process, from design to validation, concluded in 48 days. AMP-Designer excels in creating AMPs targeting specific strains despite limited data availability, with a top candidate displaying a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2.0 micrograms per milliliter against Propionibacterium acnes . Integrating advanced machine learning techniques, AMP-Designer demonstrates remarkable efficiency, paving the way for innovative solutions to antibiotic resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jike Wang and Jianwen Feng and Yu Kang and Peichen Pan and Jingxuan Ge and Yan Wang and Mingyang Wang and Zhenxing Wu and Xingcai Zhang and Jiameng Yu and Xujun Zhang and Tianyue Wang and Lirong Wen and Guangning Yan and Yafeng Deng and Hui Shi and Chang-Yu Hsieh and Zhihui Jiang and Tingjun Hou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8932}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads8932}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of antimicrobial peptides with notable antibacterial potency by an LLM-based foundation model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Aging activates escape of the silent x chromosome in the female mouse hippocampus. SCIADV, 11(10), eads8169. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Women live longer than men and exhibit less cognitive aging. The X chromosome contributes to sex differences, as females harbor an inactive X (Xi) and active X (Xa), in contrast to males with only an Xa. Thus, reactivation of silent Xi genes may contribute to sex differences. We use allele-specific, single-nucleus RNA sequencing to show that aging remodels transcription of the Xi and Xa across hippocampal cell types. Aging preferentially changed gene expression on the X’s relative to autosomes. Select genes on the Xi underwent activation, with new escape across cells including in the dentate gyrus, critical to learning and memory. Expression of the Xi escapee Plp1 , a myelin component, was increased in the aging hippocampus of female mice and parahippocampus of women. AAV-mediated Plp1 elevation in the dentate gyrus of aging male and female mice improved cognition. Understanding how the Xi may confer female advantage could lead to novel targets that counter brain aging and disease in both sexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Margaret Gadek and Cayce K. Shaw and Samira Abdulai-Saiku and Rowan Saloner and Francesca Marino and Dan Wang and Luke W. Bonham and Jennifer S. Yokoyama and Barbara Panning and Bérénice A. Benayoun and Kaitlin B. Casaletto and Vijay Ramani and Dena B. Dubal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8169}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads8169}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Aging activates escape of the silent x chromosome in the female mouse hippocampus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Key role of desulfobacteraceae in C/S cycles of marine sediments is based on congeneric catabolic-regulatory networks. SCIADV, 11(10), eads5631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine sediments are highly bioactive habitats, where sulfate-reducing bacteria contribute substantially to seabed carbon cycling by oxidizing ~77 Tmol C org year −1 . This remarkable activity is largely attributable to the deltaproteobacterial family Desulfobacteraceae of complete oxidizers (to CO 2 ), which our biogeography focused meta-analysis verified as cosmopolitan. However, the catabolic/regulatory networks underlying this ecophysiological feat at the thermodynamic limit are essentially unknown. Integrating cultivation-based (80 conditions) proteogenomics of six representative Desulfobacteraceae spp., we identify molecular commonalities explaining the family’s environmental relevance and success. Desulfobacteraceae genomes are specifically enriched in substrate uptake, degradation capacities, and regulatory functions including fine-tuned sulfate uptake. Conserved gene arrangements and shared regulatory patterns translate into strikingly similar (sub-)proteome profiles. From 319 proteins, we constructed a meta-network for catabolizing 35 substrates. Therefrom, we defined a Desulfobacteraceae characteristic gene subset, which we found prevalent in metagenomes of organic-rich, marine sediments. These genes are promising targets to advance our mechanistic understanding of Desulfobacteraceae -driven biogeochemical processes in marine sediments and beyond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lars Wöhlbrand and Marvin Dörries and Roberto Siani and Arturo Medrano-Soto and Vanessa Schnaars and Julian Schumacher and Christina Hilbers and Daniela Thies and Michael Kube and Richard Reinhardt and Michael Schloter and Milton H. Saier and Michael Winklhofer and Ralf Rabus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads5631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Key role of desulfobacteraceae in C/S cycles of marine sediments is based on congeneric catabolic-regulatory networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice. SCIADV, 11(10), eads4957. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metabolic dysregulation and altered metabolite concentrations are widely recognized as key characteristics of aging. Comprehensive exploration of endogenous metabolites that drive aging remains insufficient. Here, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis of aging mice, revealing citrulline as a consistently down-regulated metabolite associated with aging. Systematic investigations demonstrated that citrulline exhibited antiaging effects by reducing cellular senescence, protecting against DNA damage, preventing cell cycle arrest, modulating macrophage metabolism, and mitigating inflammaging. Long-term citrulline supplementation in aged mice yielded beneficial effects and ameliorated age-associated phenotypes. We further elucidated that citrulline acts as an endogenous metabolite antagonist to inflammation, suppressing proinflammatory responses in macrophages. Mechanistically, citrulline served as a potential inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation in macrophage and regulated the mTOR–hypoxia-inducible factor 1α–glycolysis signaling pathway to counter inflammation and aging. These findings underscore the significance of citrulline deficiency as a driver of aging, highlighting citrulline supplementation as a promising therapeutic intervention to counteract aging-related changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhangdan Xie and Moubin Lin and Beizi Xing and Hongmiao Wang and Haosong Zhang and Zimu Cai and Xinyu Mei and Zheng-Jiang Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4957}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads4957}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genetically encoded tension heterogeneity sculpts cardiac trabeculation. SCIADV, 11(10), eads2998. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The myocardial wall arises from a single layer of cardiomyocytes, some delaminate to create trabeculae while others remain in the compact layer. However, the mechanisms governing cardiomyocyte fate decisions remain unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, genetically encoded biosensors, and in toto live imaging, we observe intrinsic variations in erbb2 expression and its association with trabecular fate. Specifically, erbb2 promotes PI3K activity and recruits the Arp2/3 complex, inducing a polarized accumulation of the actomyosin network to drive cell delamination. Subsequently, the lineage-committed nascent trabeculae trigger Notch activity in neighboring cardiomyocytes to suppress erbb2 expression and reduce cell tension, thereby confining them to the compact layer. Overall, this genetic and cellular interplay governs compact and trabecular cell fate determination to orchestrate myocardial pattern formation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinxiu Liang and Peijun Jiang and Shuaifang Yan and Tao Cheng and Shuo Chen and Kexin Xian and Pengfei Xu and Jing-Wei Xiong and Aibin He and Jia Li and Peidong Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2998}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads2998}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genetically encoded tension heterogeneity sculpts cardiac trabeculation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rewilding catalyzes maturation of the humoral immune system. SCIADV, 11(10), eads2364. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inbred mice used for biomedical research display an underdeveloped immune system compared with adult humans, which is attributed in part to the artificial laboratory environment. Despite representing a central component of adaptive immunity, the impact of the laboratory environment on the B cell compartment has not been investigated in detail. Here, we performed an in-depth examination of B cells following rewilding, the controlled release of inbred laboratory mice into an outdoor enclosure. In rewilded mice, we observed B cells in circulation with increased signs of maturation, alongside heightened germinal center responses within secondary lymphoid organs. Rewilding also expanded B cells in the gut, which was accompanied by elevated systemic levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies reactive to the microbiota. Our findings indicate that exposing laboratory mice to a more natural environment enhances B cell development to better reflect the immune system of free-living mammals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ying-Han Chen and Kimberly Zaldana and Frank Yeung and Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin and Alexander E. Downie and Jian-Da Lin and Yi Yang and Christin Herrmann and Oyebola Oyesola and Felix Rozenberg and Robert E. Schwartz and David Kim and Kurt Tio and Yasmine Belkaid and P’ng Loke and Andrea L. Graham and Sergei B. Koralov and Ken Cadwell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2364}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads2364}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rewilding catalyzes maturation of the humoral immune system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Age and cognitive skills: Use it or lose it. SCIADV, 11(10), eads1560. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cross-sectional age-skill profiles suggest that cognitive skills start declining by age 30 if not earlier. If accurate, such age-driven skill losses pose a major threat to the human capital of societies with rapidly aging populations. We estimate actual age-skill profiles from individual changes in literacy and numeracy skills at different ages. We use the unique German longitudinal component of the Programme of the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC-L) that retested a large representative sample of adults after 3.5 years. Our empirical approach separates age from cohort effects and corrects for measurement error from reversion to the mean. Two main results emerge. First, average skills increase strongly into the forties before decreasing slightly in literacy and more strongly in numeracy. Second, skills decline at older ages only for those with below-average skill usage. White-collar and higher-educated workers with above-average usage show increasing skills even beyond their forties. Women have larger skill losses at older age, particularly in numeracy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eric A. Hanushek and Lavinia Kinne and Frauke Witthöft and Ludger Woessmann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1560}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads1560}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Age and cognitive skills: Use it or lose it}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Long-lasting comfort ocular surface drug delivery by in situ formation of an adhesive lubricative janus nanocoating. SCIADV, 11(10), eads0282. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Topical drug delivery on ocular surface always suffers from frequent administration and low bioavailability due to short drug residence. Despite advances of different adhesive ophthalmic drugs in extending release, cornea and eyelid nonselective adhesion inevitably causes ocular discomfort and even damage. Here, we describe in situ formation of an adhesive lubricative Janus nanocoating (ALJN) to enable long-lasting comfort drug delivery. By iron complexation, an asymmetric ALJN is formed on ocular surface via facile sequential instillation. The adhesive polyphenol inner layer binding with ocular surface enables drug loading and sustained release, while the lubricative zwitterionic polymer outer layer prevents eyelid adhesion to ensure comfort. Following instillation, ALJN retains on ocular surface over 24 hours and reduces blinking frequency to normal level. Moreover, ALJN demonstrates remarkable therapeutic potential in mouse and rabbit models of corneal contusion and alkali burn. This work proposes a comfortable long-lasting topical delivery platform for treating various ocular diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chuhan Wang and Xiaobing Liu and Wenyan Lv and Xiao Kuang and Feng Wu and Xianqun Fan and Yan Pang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0282}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads0282}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Long-lasting comfort ocular surface drug delivery by in situ formation of an adhesive lubricative janus nanocoating}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Trained immunity causes myeloid cell hypercoagulability. SCIADV, 11(10), eads0105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The pathogenic basis for increased thrombotic risk in individuals with inflammatory diseases is poorly understood. Myeloid cell “trained immunity” describes persistent innate immune cell memory arising from prior exposure to an inflammatory stimulus, leading to an enhanced immune response to subsequent unrelated stimuli. We identify enhanced myeloid cell prothrombotic activity as a maladaptive consequence of trained immunity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of macrophages trained previously with β-glucan or heme exhibited significantly enhanced procoagulant activity compared to macrophages stimulated with LPS alone, which was mediated by enhanced acid sphingomyelinase–mediated tissue factor decryption. Furthermore, splenic monocytes isolated from β-glucan–trained mice revealed enhanced procoagulant activity up to 4 weeks after β-glucan administration compared to monocytes from control mice over the same time period. Moreover, hematopoietic progenitor cells and bone marrow interstitial fluid from β-glucan–trained mice had enhanced procoagulant activity compared to control mice. Trained immunity and associated metabolic perturbations may therefore represent an opportunity for targeted intervention in immunothrombotic disease development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aisling M. Rehill and Seán McCluskey and Anna E. Ledwith and Tristram A. J. Ryan and Betül Ünlü and Gemma Leon and Hugo Charles-Messance and Edmund H. Gilbert and Paula Klavina and Emily A. Day and Judith Coppinger and Jamie M. O’Sullivan and Corrina McMahon and James S. O’Donnell and Annie M. Curtis and Luke A. J. O’Neill and Frederick J. Sheedy and Roger J. S. Preston}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eads0105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Trained immunity causes myeloid cell hypercoagulability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). GPR132 regulates the function of NK cells through the Gαs/CSK/ZAP70/NF-κB signaling pathway as a potential immune checkpoint. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr9395. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As a member of the proton-sensing GPCR receptors, GPR132 plays a crucial role in regulating immune cell functions, but the mechanism by which GPR132 affects natural killer (NK) cells has not yet been reported. Here, RNA-seq displayed that the expression of GPR132 was reduced in activated NK cells, and the proportion of mature NK cells in GPR132 −/− mice was substantially increased compared to WT mice, with stronger anti-melanoma capabilities. Further investigation indicates that GPR132-deficient NK92 cells expressed more GzmB and IFN-γ and exhibited stronger cytotoxicity. Mechanically, GPR132 regulates NK cell function through the CSK/ZAP70/NF-κB signaling axis. Down-regulation of GPR132 weakens the inhibition of NK cell function by lactate, thereby enhancing the functional execution of CAR-NK cells against colorectal cancer. These results highlight the previously unrecognized role of GPR132 in the regulation of NK cell function and that inhibition of GPR132 provided an updated insight for NK cell therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinhui Hui and Min Xue and Yaojun Ren and Yiran Chen and Xuenan Chen and Muhammad Asad Farooq and Yuzhou Ji and Weirong Zhan and Yunhe Huang and Bingtan Du and Jie Yao and Yixin Duan and Wenzheng Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9395}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr9395}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {GPR132 regulates the function of NK cells through the Gαs/CSK/ZAP70/NF-κB signaling pathway as a potential immune checkpoint}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A natural biomimetic prosthetic hand with neuromorphic tactile sensing for precise and compliant grasping. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr9300. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human hand’s hybrid structure combines soft and rigid anatomy to provide strength and compliance for versatile object grasping. Tactile sensing by skin mechanoreceptors enables precise and dynamic manipulation. Attempts to replicate the human hand have fallen short of a true biomimetic hybrid robotic hand with tactile sensing. We introduce a natural prosthetic hand composed of soft robotic joints and a rigid endoskeleton with three independent neuromorphic tactile sensing layers inspired by human physiology. Our innovative design capitalizes on the strengths of both soft and rigid robots, enabling the hybrid robotic hand to compliantly grasp numerous everyday objects of varying surface textures, weight, and compliance while differentiating them with 99.69% average classification accuracy. The hybrid robotic hand with multilayered tactile sensing achieved 98.38% average classification accuracy in a texture discrimination task, surpassing soft robotic and rigid prosthetic fingers. Controlled via electromyography, our transformative prosthetic hand allows individuals with upper-limb loss to grasp compliant objects with precise surface texture detection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sriramana Sankar and Wen-Yu Cheng and Jinghua Zhang and Ariel Slepyan and Mark M. Iskarous and Rebecca J. Greene and Rene DeBrabander and Junjun Chen and Arnav Gupta and Nitish V. Thakor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9300}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr9300}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A natural biomimetic prosthetic hand with neuromorphic tactile sensing for precise and compliant grasping}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Earth orbital rhythms links timing of deccan trap volcanism phases and global climate change. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr8584. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {At the end of the Cretaceous, the massive Deccan trap (DT) volcanic eruptions are regarded as the primary driver of global climate deterioration. Accurate age models are key to unravel the sequence of events related to DT volcanism onset and effects on the global climate system. We establish a direct geochemical link between DT volcanism as recorded in marine osmium isotopic data and global climate change documented in benthic foraminifera carbon and oxygen isotope records. Based on our state-of-the-art astronomically calibrated age model, two major shifts in marine 187 Os/ 188 Os at 66.49 and 66.28 million years ago are contemporaneous with major eruption phases of the DT and disruptions of the global carbon cycle. Geochemical records and modeling suggest larger erupted volumes with high volatile emissions for the early phase of DT volcanism and point to differing emissions of SO 2 and CO 2 during the observed marine osmium shifts with diverse effects on the global climate system.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thomas Westerhold and Edoardo Dallanave and Donald Penman and Blair Schoene and Ursula Röhl and Nikolaus Gussone and Junichiro Kuroda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8584}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr8584}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Earth orbital rhythms links timing of deccan trap volcanism phases and global climate change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Differential regulation of BAX and BAK apoptotic activity revealed by small molecules. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr8146. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Defective apoptosis mediated by B cell lymphoma 2 antagonist/killer (BAK) or B cell lymphoma 2–associated X protein (BAX) underlies various pathologies including autoimmune and degenerative conditions. On mitochondria, voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) interacts with BAK and BAX through a common interface to inhibit BAK or to facilitate BAX apoptotic activity. We identified a small molecule (WEHI-3773) that inhibits interaction between VDAC2 and BAK or BAX revealing contrasting effects on their apoptotic activity. WEHI-3773 inhibits apoptosis mediated by BAX by blocking VDAC2-mediated BAX recruitment to mitochondria. Conversely, WEHI-3773 promotes BAK-mediated apoptosis by limiting inhibitory sequestration by VDAC2. In cells expressing both pro-apoptotic proteins, apoptosis promotion by WEHI-3773 dominates, because activated BAK activates BAX through a feed-forward mechanism. Loss of BAX drives resistance to the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in some leukemias. WEHI-3773 overcomes this resistance by promoting BAK-mediated killing. This work highlights the coordination of BAX and BAK apoptotic activity through interaction with VDAC2 that may be targeted therapeutically.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kaiming Li and Yu Q. Yap and Donia M. Moujalled and Fransisca Sumardy and Yelena Khakham and Angela Georgiou and Michelle Jahja and Thomas E. Lew and Melanie De Silva and Meng-Xiao Luo and Jia-nan Gong and Zheng Yuan and Richard W. Birkinshaw and Peter E. Czabotar and Kym Lowes and David C. S. Huang and Benjamin T. Kile and Andrew H. Wei and Grant Dewson and Mark F. van Delft and Guillaume Lessene}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8146}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr8146}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Differential regulation of BAX and BAK apoptotic activity revealed by small molecules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The conductance of KCNQ2 and its pathogenic variants is determined by individual subunit gating. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr7012. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {KCNQ2 channel subunits form part of the M-current and underlie one of the major potassium currents throughout the human nervous system, regulating resting membrane potentials, shaping action potentials, and impeding repetitive neuronal firing. However, how individual subunits within tetramers control channel functionality remains unresolved. Here, we investigate (i) whether opening of KCNQ2 channels requires a concerted step or can result from independent subunit activation and (ii) how individual subunits regulate gate opening and conductance. The E140R mutation in the S2 segment prevents activated voltage sensor conformations, but concatemeric constructs containing up to three E140R subunits retain KCNQ2-like currents. The underlying single-channel currents show subconductance levels resulting from limitations in inner gate dimensions, determined by the number of activated subunits and their spatial arrangement. Channel opening is allosteric and requires activation of only a single subunit, which can accentuate the influence of clinically relevant heterozygous mutations at threshold voltages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andy Hinojo-Perez and Jodene Eldstrom and Ying Dou and Allan Marinho-Alcara and Michaela A. Edmond and Alicia de la Cruz and Marta E. Perez Rodriguez and Maykelis Diaz-Solares and Derek M. Dykxhoorn and David Fedida and Rene Barro-Soria}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7012}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr7012}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The conductance of KCNQ2 and its pathogenic variants is determined by individual subunit gating}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lessened projections of arctic warming and wetting after correcting for model errors in global warming and sea ice cover. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr6413. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Credible projections of Arctic warming and wetting (AWW) are essential for informed decision-making in a changing climate. However, current AWW projections from state-of-the-art climate models carry uncertainties. Using observational datasets and CMIP6 model simulations, we demonstrate that the observed historical global warming trend and the climatological mean pattern of Arctic sea ice can serve as effective constraints on AWW projections. Under SSP2-4.5, the constrained warming by the end of the century is reduced from 5.5° to 4.6°C. Similarly, the projected wetting decreases from 6.8 to 5.7 millimeter per month. The inter-model spread in warming and wetting is reduced by 25 and 15%, respectively. The reduction is the largest in the Barents-Kara seas, reducing warming by 1.2°C, lessening wetting by 1.7 millimeter per month, and decreasing the inter-model spread by one-third. Our findings suggest that unconstrained CMIP6 projections overestimate future AWW, particularly in the Barents-Kara seas, due to an overestimation of historical global warming and excessive sea ice in the models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziyi Cai and Qinglong You and James A. Screen and Hans W. Chen and Ruonan Zhang and Zhiyan Zuo and Deliang Chen and Judah Cohen and Shichang Kang and Renhe Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6413}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr6413}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lessened projections of arctic warming and wetting after correcting for model errors in global warming and sea ice cover}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Kir7.1 is the physiological target for hormones and steroids that regulate uteroplacental function. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr5086. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Preterm birth is detrimental to the well-being of both the mother and the newborn. During normal gestation, the myometrium is maintained in a quiescent state by progesterone. As a steroid hormone, progesterone is thought to modify uterine and placental morphology by altering gene expression, but another direct mode of action has long been suspected. Here, we reveal the nongenomic molecular mechanism of progesterone as the activation of human and murine inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1, which is expressed in myometrium and placental pericytes during late gestation. Kir7.1 is also activated by selective steroids, including those used to prevent premature labor, such as 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and dydrogesterone, revealing their unexpected mode of action. Our results reveal that Kir7.1 is the molecular target of both endogenous and synthetic steroids that control uterine excitability and placental function. Kir7.1, therefore, is a promising therapeutic target to support healthy pregnancy during mid and late gestation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Monika Haoui and Citlalli Vergara and Lina Kenzler and Jerome Schröer and Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch and David Fleck and Christopher Wiesbrock and Marc Spehr and Polina V. Lishko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5086}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr5086}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Kir7.1 is the physiological target for hormones and steroids that regulate uteroplacental function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Charting the envelope of mechanical properties of synthetic silk fibers through predictive modeling of the drawing process. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr3833. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A major challenge in synthesizing strong and tough protein fibers based on spider silk motifs is understanding the coupling between protein sequence and the postspin drawing process. We clarify how drawing-induced elongational force affects ordering, chain extension, interchain contacts, and molecular mobility through mesoscale simulations of silk-based fibers. We show that these emergent features can be used to predict mechanical property enhancements arising from postspin drawing. Simulations recapitulate a purely process-dependent mechanical property envelope in which order enhances fiber strength while preserving toughness. The relationship between chain extension and crystalline domain alignment observed in simulations is validated by Raman spectroscopy of wet-spun fibers. Property enhancements attributed to the progression of anisotropic extension are verified by mechanical tests of drawn silk fibers and justified by theory. These findings elucidate how drawing enhances properties of protein-based fibers and shed light on how to incorporate this effect into predictive models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob J. Graham and Shri V. Subramani and Xinyan Yang and Timothy M. Russell and Fuzhong Zhang and Sinan Keten}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3833}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr3833}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Charting the envelope of mechanical properties of synthetic silk fibers through predictive modeling of the drawing process}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pseudomonas aeruginosa assembles h1-T6SS in response to physical and chemical damage of the outer membrane. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr1713. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacteria respond to environmental stimuli and attacks from competing organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa assembles the type VI secretion system (H1-T6SS) to precisely retaliate against aggressive competing bacteria. However, we lack an understanding of how the H1-T6SS assembly dynamically responds to nanomechanical forces. To address this, we analyzed live cells using correlative atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence microscopy. We show that indentation forces above 7 nanonewtons trigger local, repeated and targeted H1-T6SS assemblies within seconds of impact by the AFM tip. Analysis of the corresponding AFM force curves shows that a breach of a single layer of the cell envelope is necessary and sufficient for triggering H1-T6SS assembly. Accordingly, polymyxin B nonapeptide, which damages the outer membrane, also triggers H1-T6SS assembly. This suggests that P. aeruginosa has evolved a danger-sensing mechanism that enables rapid and precise deployment of its antibacterial H1-T6SS in response to breaches in the outer membrane.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mitchell Brüderlin and Maxim Kolesnikov and Florian Röthlin and Roderick Y. H. Lim and Marek Basler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1713}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr1713}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pseudomonas aeruginosa assembles h1-T6SS in response to physical and chemical damage of the outer membrane}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Origin and cell type specificity of mitochondrial DNA mutations in C9ORF72 ALS-FTLD human brain organoids. SCIADV, 11(10), eadr0690. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are primarily genetic in ~20% of patients. Mutations in C9ORF72 are the most frequent cause, but it is not understood why there is notable regional pathology. An increased burden of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in ALS-FTLD brains implicates mitochondrial mechanisms; however, it remains unclear how and when these mutations arise. To address this, we generated cerebral organoids derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) of patients with ALS-FTLD harboring the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion alongside CRISPR-corrected isogenic and healthy controls. Here, we show a higher mtDNA single-nucleotide variant (mtSNV) burden in astroglia derived from C9ORF72 -mutant organoids, with some de novo mtSNVs likely due to the C9ORF72 repeat and others evading selection to reach higher heteroplasmy levels. Thus, the functional consequences of the regional accumulation of mtSNVs in C9ORF72 ALS-FTLD brains are likely to manifest through astroglial mitochondrial dysfunction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Nie and Kornélia Szebényi and Lea M. D. Wenger and András Lakatos and Patrick F. Chinnery}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0690}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadr0690}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Origin and cell type specificity of mitochondrial DNA mutations in C9ORF72 ALS-FTLD human brain organoids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Immunomodulatory role of the stem cell circadian clock in muscle repair. SCIADV, 11(10), eadq8538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Circadian rhythms orchestrate physiological processes such as metabolism, immune function, and tissue regeneration, aligning them with the optimal time of day (TOD). This study identifies an interplay between the circadian clock within muscle stem cells (SCs) and their capacity to modulate the immune microenvironment during muscle regeneration. We reveal that the SC clock triggers TOD–dependent inflammatory gene transcription after injury, particularly genes related to neutrophil activity and chemotaxis. These responses are driven by cytosolic regeneration of the signaling metabolite nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form) (NAD + ), as enhancing cytosolic NAD + regeneration in SCs is sufficient to induce inflammatory responses that influence muscle regeneration. Mononuclear single-cell sequencing of the regenerating muscle niche further implicates the cytokine CCL2 in mediating SC-neutrophil cross-talk in a TOD-dependent manner. Our findings highlight the intersection between SC metabolic shifts and immune responses within the muscle microenvironment, dictated by circadian rhythms, and underscore the potential for targeting circadian and metabolic pathways to enhance tissue regeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pei Zhu and Eric M. Pfrender and Adam W. T. Steffeck and Colleen R. Reczek and Yalu Zhou and Abhishek Vijay Thakkar and Neha R. Gupta and Ariana Kupai and Amber Willbanks and Richard L. Lieber and Ishan Roy and Navdeep S. Chandel and Clara B. Peek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadq8538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Immunomodulatory role of the stem cell circadian clock in muscle repair}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Isocyanic acid–mediated NLRP3 carbamoylation reduces NLRP3-NEK7 interaction and limits inflammasome activation. SCIADV, 11(10), eadq4266. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Isocyanic acid, as a reactive metabolite synthesized by the enzyme LACC1, can carbamoylate the ε-amino group of lysine residues in proteins. However, the role of isocyanic acid in inflammatory response remains elusive. Herein, we reveal that lipopolysaccharide stimulation increases LACC1-dependent isocyanic acid production, which attenuates inflammation by limiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide for 8 hours. Mechanistically, isocyanic acid directly carbamoylates NLRP3 at lysine-593 to disrupt NLRP3-NEK7 interaction, a key step in assembly of active NLRP3 inflammasome. Abrogation of isocyanic acid biosynthesis by LACC1 / Lacc1 knockout or expression of K593 carbamoylation (K593ca)–deficient NLRP3 mutant promotes macrophagic inflammatory response in vitro. Furthermore, Lacc1 −/− mice and mice harboring K593ca-deficient NLRP3 mutation manifest exacerbated inflammatory response in vivo. Hence, our findings identify isocyanic acid as an endogenous immunoregulatory metabolite that limits NLRP3-driven inflammation and provide valuable insights into the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, governed by metabolites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenxing Zhang and Chao Chen and Caiyun Liu and Pengkai Sun and Ping Liu and Shu Fang and Xinjian Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4266}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadq4266}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Isocyanic acid–mediated NLRP3 carbamoylation reduces NLRP3-NEK7 interaction and limits inflammasome activation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Contrasting genetic predisposition and diagnosis in psychiatric disorders: A multi-omic single-nucleus analysis of the human OFC. SCIADV, 11(10), eadq2290. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder exhibit substantial genetic and clinical overlap. However, their molecular architecture remains elusive due to their polygenic nature and complex brain cell interactions. We integrated clinical data with genetic susceptibility to investigate gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the orbitofrontal cortex of 92 postmortem human brain samples at the single-nucleus (sn) level. Using snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq, we analyzed ~800,000 and 400,000 nuclei, respectively. We observed cell-type–specific dysregulation related to clinical diagnosis and genetic risk. Dysregulation in gene expression and chromatin accessibility associated with diagnosis was pronounced in excitatory neurons. Conversely, genetic risk predominantly affected glial and endothelial cells. Notably, INO80E and HCN2 genes exhibited dysregulation in excitatory neurons’ superficial layers 2/3 influenced by schizophrenia polygenic risk. This study unveils the complex genetic and epigenetic landscape of psychiatric disorders, emphasizing the importance of cell-type–specific analyses in understanding their pathogenesis and contrasting genetic predisposition with clinical diagnosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nathalie Gerstner and Anna S. Fröhlich and Natalie Matosin and Miriam Gagliardi and Cristiana Cruceanu and Maik Ködel and Monika Rex-Haffner and Xinming Tu and Sara Mostafavi and Michael J. Ziller and Elisabeth B. Binder and Janine Knauer-Arloth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2290}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadq2290}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Contrasting genetic predisposition and diagnosis in psychiatric disorders: A multi-omic single-nucleus analysis of the human OFC}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TBK1 and IKKε prevent premature cell death by limiting the activity of both RIPK1 and NLRP3 death pathways. SCIADV, 11(10), eadq1047. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The loss of TBK1, or both TBK1 and the related kinase IKKε, results in uncontrolled cell death–driven inflammation. Here, we show that the pathway leading to cell death depends on the nature of the activating signal. Previous models suggest that in steady state, TBK1/IKKε-deficient cells die slowly and spontaneously predominantly by uncontrolled tumor necrosis factor–RIPK1–driven death. However, upon infection of cells that express the NLRP3 inflammasome, (e.g., macrophages), with pathogens that activate this pathway (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes ), TBK1/IKKε-deficient cells die rapidly, prematurely, and exclusively by enhanced NLRP3-driven pyroptosis. Even infection with the RIPK1-activating pathogen, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis , results in enhanced RIPK1–caspase-8 activation and enhanced secondary NLRP3 activation. Mechanistically, TBK1/IKKε control endosomal traffic, and their loss disrupts endosomal homeostasis, thereby signaling cell stress. This results in premature NLRP3 activation even upon sensing “signal 2” alone, without the obligatory “signal 1.” Collectively, TBK1/IKKε emerge as a central brake in limiting death-induced inflammation by both RIPK1 and NLRP3 death-inducing pathways.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fabian A. Fischer and Benjamin Demarco and Felicia Chan Hui Min and Hui Wen Yeap and Dominic De Nardo and Kaiwen W. Chen and Jelena S. Bezbradica}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1047}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadq1047}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TBK1 and IKKε prevent premature cell death by limiting the activity of both RIPK1 and NLRP3 death pathways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An antidepressant mechanism underlying the allosteric inhibition of GluN2D-incorporated NMDA receptors at GABAergic interneurons. SCIADV, 11(10), eadq0444. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N -methyl- d -aspartate receptors (NMDARs), key excitatory ion channels, have gained attention as anti-depression targets. NMDARs consist of two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits (2A-2D), which determine their pharmacological properties. Few compounds selectively targeting GluN2 subunits with antidepressant effects have been identified. Here, we present YY-23, a compound that selectively inhibits GluN2C- or GluN2D-containing NMDARs. Cryo-EM analysis revealed that YY-23 binds to the transmembrane domain of the GluN2D subunit. YY-23 primarily affects GluN2D-containing NMDARs on GABAergic interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, suppressing GABAergic neurotransmission and enhancing excitatory transmission. Behavioral assays demonstrate YY-23’s rapid antidepressant effects in both stress-naïve and stress-exposed models, which are lost in mice with global or selective knockout of the grin2d gene in parvalbumin-positive interneurons. These findings highlight GluN2D-containing NMDARs on GABAergic interneurons as potential depression treatment targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jilin Zhang and Jinjin Duan and Wei Li and Xian Wang and Shimin Ren and Luyu Ye and Fang Liu and Xiaoting Tian and Yang Xie and Yiming Huang and Yidi Sun and Nan Song and Tianyu Li and Xiang Cai and Zhiqiang Liu and Hu Zhou and Chenggang Huang and Yang Li and Shujia Zhu and Fei Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0444}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadq0444}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An antidepressant mechanism underlying the allosteric inhibition of GluN2D-incorporated NMDA receptors at GABAergic interneurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct hydroxyproline radiocarbon dating of the lapedo child (Abrigo do lagar velho, leiria, portugal). SCIADV, 11(10), eadp5769. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The 1998 discovery of a nearly intact Gravettian human burial in the Lapedo Valley (Leiria, Portugal) propelled the Lagar Velho rockshelter to worldwide fame. The ochre-stained skeleton of the Lapedo child, a juvenile aged around four or five, exhibited a mosaic of Neanderthal and anatomically modern human features argued to reflect admixture between the two human populations. Here, we present direct compound-specific radiocarbon dates for the child’s skeleton [27,780 to 28,550 calibrated years before present (cal B.P.)] and five associated bones from the burial and underlying contexts. We reassess the chronology and archaeological interpretation of the burial in light of these new dates and demonstrate the suitability of hydroxyproline radiocarbon dating for poorly preserved Paleolithic samples that otherwise fail routine radiocarbon pretreatment methods.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bethan Linscott and Thibaut Devièse and Cidália Duarte and Erik Trinkaus and João Zilhão}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5769}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eadp5769}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct hydroxyproline radiocarbon dating of the lapedo child (Abrigo do lagar velho, leiria, portugal)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantifying stern layer water alignment before and during the oxygen evolution reaction. SCIADV, 11(10), eado8536. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While water’s oxygen is the electron source in the industrially important oxygen evolution reaction, the strong absorber problem clouds our view of how the Stern layer water molecules orient themselves in response to applied potentials. Here, we report nonlinear optical measurements on nickel electrodes held at pH 13 indicating a disorder-to-order transition in the Stern layer water molecules before the onset of Faradaic current. A full water monolayer (1.1 × 10 15 centimeter −2 ) aligns with oxygen atoms pointing toward the electrode at +0.8 volt and the associated work is 80 kilojoule per mole. Our experiments identify water flipping energetics as a target for understanding overpotentials, advance molecular electrochemistry, provide benchmarks for electrical double layer models, and serve as a diagnostic tool for understanding electrocatalysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Raiden Speelman and Ezra J. Marker and Franz M. Geiger}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado8536}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eado8536}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantifying stern layer water alignment before and during the oxygen evolution reaction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evidence of ferroelectricity in an antiferromagnetic vanadium trichloride monolayer. SCIADV, 11(10), eado6538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A reduced dimensionality of multiferroic materials is highly desired for device miniaturization, but the coexistence of ferroelectricity and magnetism at the two-dimensional limit is yet to be conclusively demonstrated. Here, we used a NbSe 2 substrate to break both the C 3 rotational and inversion symmetries in monolayer VCl 3 and, thus, introduced exceptional in-plane ferroelectricity into a two-dimensional magnet. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy directly visualized ferroelectric domains and manipulated their domain boundaries in monolayer VCl 3 , where coexisting antiferromagnetic order with canted magnetic moments was verified by vibrating sample magnetometer measurements. Our density functional theory calculations highlight the crucial role that highly directional interfacial Cl-Se interactions play in breaking the symmetries and, thus, in introducing in-plane ferroelectricity, which was further verified by examining an ML-VCl 3 /graphene sample. Our work demonstrates an approach to manipulate the ferroelectric states in monolayered magnets through van der Waals interfacial interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinghao Deng and Deping Guo and Yao Wen and Shuangzan Lu and Hui Zhang and Zhengbo Cheng and Zemin Pan and Tao Jian and Dongyu Li and Hao Wang and Yusong Bai and Zhilin Li and Wei Ji and Jun He and Chendong Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eado6538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evidence of ferroelectricity in an antiferromagnetic vanadium trichloride monolayer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hyperammonemia induces programmed liver cell death. SCIADV, 11(10), eado1648. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hyperammonemia is common in liver cirrhosis and causally associated with hepatic encephalopathy development. Little is known about its hepatotoxic effects, which we aimed to characterize in this study. In a mouse model of chronic hyperammonemia without preexisting liver disease, we observed development of liver fibrogenesis and necroptotic cell death. Hyperammonemia also induced dysregulation of its main metabolic pathway, the urea cycle, as reflected by down-regulation of urea cycle enzyme protein expression and accumulation of its metabolites. Inhibition of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and its upstream inducer Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protected against liver injury and further hyperammonemia. In clinically relevant rodent models of hyperammonemia (genetic ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency and bile duct ligation–induced cirrhosis), TLR4 inhibition reduced circulating ammonia. In conclusion, hyperammonemia induces liver fibrogenesis and RIPK1-mediated cell death, which is associated with urea cycle dysfunction. Inhibition of RIPK1 and TLR4 protects against hyperammonemia-induced liver injury and are potential therapeutic targets for hyperammonemia and chronic liver disease progression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Annarein J. C. Kerbert and Cornelius Engelmann and Abeba Habtesion and Pavitra Kumar and Mohsin Hassan and Tingting Qi and Ines Volkert and Tobias Otto and Andrew Hall and Varun U. Khetan and Steven Olde Damink and Ferran Aguilar and Céline Chollet and Ludovic Brunet and Joan Clària and Richard Moreau and Vicente Arroyo and Minneke J. Coenraad and Gautam Mehta and Florence Castelli and Christian Trautwein and François Fenaille and Fausto Andreola and Rajiv Jalan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1648}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {3}, number = {10}, pages = {eado1648}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hyperammonemia induces programmed liver cell death}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cell type–specific 3D-genome organization and transcription regulation in the brain. SCIADV, 11(9), eadv2067. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {3D organization of the genome plays a critical role in regulating gene expression. How 3D-genome organization differs among different cell types and relates to cell type–dependent transcriptional regulation remains unclear. Here, we used genome-scale DNA and RNA imaging to investigate 3D-genome organization in transcriptionally distinct cell types in the mouse cerebral cortex. We uncovered a wide spectrum of differences in the nuclear architecture and 3D-genome organization among different cell types, ranging from the size of the cell nucleus to higher-order chromosome structures and radial positioning of chromatin loci within the nucleus. These cell type–dependent variations in nuclear architecture and chromatin organization exhibit strong correlations with both the total transcriptional activity of the cell and transcriptional regulation of cell type–specific marker genes. Moreover, we found that the methylated DNA binding protein MeCP2 promotes active-inactive chromatin segregation and regulates transcription in a nuclear radial position–dependent manner that is highly correlated with its function in modulating active-inactive chromatin compartmentalization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shiwei Liu and Cosmos Yuqi Wang and Pu Zheng and Bojing Blair Jia and Nathan R. Zemke and Peter Ren and Hannah L. Park and Bing Ren and Xiaowei Zhuang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv2067}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadv2067}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cell type–specific 3D-genome organization and transcription regulation in the brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mining coral-derived terpene synthases and mechanistic studies of the coral biflorane synthase. SCIADV, 11(9), eadv0805. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biflorane diterpenoids are unique natural products often seen in marine animals. Recent studies have reported a small number of biflorane synthases. However, the catalytic mechanism and structural basis for biflorane formation remain unclear. To address these issues, we conducted genome mining of terpene synthases from the sea whip coral Paramuricea clavata , resulting in the discovery of a biflorane synthase Pc TS1. We performed a series of isotope labeling, crystallography, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations, and mutagenesis studies toward Pc TS1 to investigate the mechanism. Isotopic labeling studies, together with calculations, elucidate a cascade of 1,10-cyclization, 1,3-hydride shift, 1,6-cyclization, 1,2-hydride shift, 2,6-cyclization, cyclopropane ring opening, and deprotonation by the generated pyrophosphate, forming the biflorane scaffold. Crystallography, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics, and mutagenesis studies confirmed the cascade and produced different terpene scaffolds. Our work demonstrated the mechanism of marine biflorane formation, elucidated the second crystal structure of a coral terpene synthase, and realized the terpene skeleton expansion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bao Chen and Jingjing Mao and Kangwei Xu and Lijun Liu and Wei Lin and Yue-Wei Guo and Ruibo Wu and Chengyuan Wang and Baofu Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv0805}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadv0805}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mining coral-derived terpene synthases and mechanistic studies of the coral biflorane synthase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Postselection shifts the transition frequency of helium in an atomic beam. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu9796. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Postselecting output states can effectively amplify weak signals in measurements. However, the postselection (PS) effect may also introduce unintended biases in precision measurements. Here, we investigate the influence of PS in the precision spectroscopy of the 2 3 S − 2 3 P transition of helium ( 4 He) using an atomic beam. We directly observe that PS based on atomic positions causes a shift in the measured transition frequency, amounting to approximately −55 kHz. After accounting for this PS shift, we obtain a corrected frequency of 276,764,094,712.45 ± 0.86 kHz for the 2 3 S 1 − 2 3 P 0 transition. Combining this result with existing data for 3 He, we derive a value for the difference in squared nuclear charge radii, which shows a σ deviation from measurements of muonic helium ions, potentially pointing to new physics that challenges lepton universality in quantum electrodynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jin-Lu Wen and Jia-Dong Tang and Ya-Nan Lv and Yu R. Sun and Chang-Ling Zou and Jun-Feng Dong and Shui-Ming Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu9796}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu9796}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Postselection shifts the transition frequency of helium in an atomic beam}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Norovirus co-opts NINJ1 for selective protein secretion. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu7985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plasma membrane rupture by Ninjurin-1 (NINJ1) executes programmed cell death, releasing large cellular damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, the regulation and selectivity of NINJ1-mediated DAMP release remain unexplored. Here, we uncover that murine norovirus (MNoV) strategically co-opts NINJ1 to selectively release the intracellular viral protein NS1, while NINJ1-mediated plasma membrane rupture simultaneously bulk-releases various cellular DAMPs. Host caspase-3 cleaves the precursor NS1/2, leading to NS1 secretion via an unconventional pathway. An unbiased CRISPR screen identifies NINJ1 as an essential factor for NS1 secretion. During infection, NINJ1 is recruited to the viral replication site, where it oligomerizes and forms speckled bodies, directly interacting with NS1. Subsequent mutagenesis studies identify critical amino acid residues of NS1 necessary for its interaction with NINJ1 and selective secretion. Genetic ablation or pharmaceutical inhibition of caspase-3 inhibits oral MNoV infection in mice. This study underscores the co-option of NINJ1 for controlled release of an intracellular viral protein.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaewon Song and Li Zhang and Seokoh Moon and Ariana Fang and Guoxun Wang and Newsha Gheshm and Skylar A. Loeb and Paul Cao and Joselynn R. Wallace and Mia Madel Alfajaro and Madison S. Strine and Wandy L. Beatty and Amanda M. Jamieson and Robert C. Orchard and Bridget A. Robinson and Timothy J. Nice and Craig B. Wilen and Anthony Orvedahl and Tiffany A. Reese and Sanghyun Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu7985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Norovirus co-opts NINJ1 for selective protein secretion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Increased levels of lagging strand polymerase α in an adult stem cell lineage affect replication-coupled histone incorporation. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu6799. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stem cells display asymmetric histone inheritance, while nonstem progenitor cells exhibit symmetric patterns in the Drosophila male germ line. Here, we report that components involved in lagging strand synthesis, DNA polymerases α and δ, have substantially reduced levels in stem cells compared to progenitor cells, and this promotes local asymmetry of parental histone incorporation at the replication fork. Compromising Polα genetically induces the local replication-coupled histone incorporation pattern in progenitor cells to resemble that in stem cells, seen by both nuclear localization patterns and chromatin fibers. This is recapitulated using a Polα inhibitor in a concentration-dependent manner. The local old versus new histone asymmetry is comparable between stem cells and progenitor cells at both S phase and M phase. Together, these results indicate that developmentally programmed expression of key DNA replication components is important to shape stem cell chromatin. Furthermore, manipulating one crucial DNA replication component can induce replication-coupled histone dynamics in nonstem cells to resemble those in stem cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brendon E. M. Davis and Jonathan Snedeker and Rajesh Ranjan and Matthew Wooten and Savannah Sáde Barton and Joshua Blundon and Xin Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6799}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu6799}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Increased levels of lagging strand polymerase α in an adult stem cell lineage affect replication-coupled histone incorporation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Formation of free-floating planetary mass objects via circumstellar disk encounters. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu6058. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origin of planetary mass objects (PMOs) wandering in young star clusters remains enigmatic, especially when they come in pairs. They could represent the lowest-mass object formed via molecular cloud collapse or high-mass planets ejected from their host stars. However, neither theory fully accounts for their abundance and multiplicity. Here, we show via hydrodynamic simulations that free-floating PMOs have a unique formation channel via the fragmentation of tidal bridges between encountering circumstellar disks. This process can be highly productive in dense clusters like Trapezium forming metal-poor PMOs with disks. Free-floating multiple PMOs also naturally emerge when neighboring PMOs are caught by their mutual gravity. PMOs may thus form a distinct population that is fundamentally different from stars and planets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhihao Fu and Hongping Deng and Douglas N. C. Lin and Lucio Mayer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6058}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu6058}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Formation of free-floating planetary mass objects via circumstellar disk encounters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Textured lithium ceramics prepared by gas-solid reactive sintering. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu4531. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Textured ceramics with anisotropic ionic conductivity are poised to establish superior ion transport pathways in solid-state electrochemical devices. However, their preparation methods remain a challenge. Here, we develop a gas-solid reactive sintering technique that successfully fabricates a variety of textured lithium ceramics, including electrolyte and electrode materials. These textured lithium ceramic electrolytes exhibit large columnar grains perpendicular to the surface. The textured electrodes indicate an out-of-plane crystallographic texture. As a result, the Li-ion transport pathways across the grain boundary plane are avoided in the textured lithium ceramic with low tortuosity, resulting in great ionic conductivity enhancement by 42 times compared to its traditional equiaxed counterpart. In addition, both Monte Carlo simulation and finite element analysis support the experimental results. This innovative gas-solid reactive sintering technique can extend to prepare various structured and functional ceramics with tailored structures and properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinshui Zhang and Yihang Yang and Ruixin Hao and Yue Zhang and Xiangchen Hu and Hongsheng Shi and Zheyu Yang and Jiameng Yu and Xin Chen and Chang Zhang and Na Yu and Tianyi Gao and Ran Wei and Zhenbo Zhang and Yi Yu and Wei Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4531}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu4531}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Textured lithium ceramics prepared by gas-solid reactive sintering}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cryo-EM structure of the bacterial intramembrane metalloprotease RseP in the substrate-bound state. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu0925. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Site-2 proteases (S2Ps), conserved intramembrane metalloproteases that maintain cellular homeostasis, are associated with chronic infection and persistence leading to multidrug resistance in bacterial pathogens. A structural model of how S2Ps discriminate and accommodate substrates could help us develop selective antimicrobial agents. We previously proposed that the Escherichia coli S2P RseP unwinds helical substrate segments before cleavage, but the mechanism for accommodating a full-length membrane-spanning substrate remained unclear. Our present cryo-EM analysis of Aquifex aeolicus RseP ( Aa RseP) revealed that a substrate-like membrane protein fragment from the expression host occupied the active site while spanning a transmembrane cavity that is inaccessible via lateral diffusion. Furthermore, in vivo photocrosslinking supported that this substrate accommodation mode is recapitulated on the cell membrane. Our results suggest that the substrate accommodation by threading through a conserved membrane-associated region stabilizes the substrate-complex and contributes to substrate discrimination on the membrane.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kikuko Asahi and Mika Hirose and Rie Aruga and Yosuke Shimizu and Michiko Tajiri and Tsubasa Tanaka and Yuriko Adachi and Yukari Tanaka and Mika K. Kaneko and Yukinari Kato and Satoko Akashi and Yoshinori Akiyama and Yohei Hizukuri and Takayuki Kato and Terukazu Nogi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0925}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu0925}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cryo-EM structure of the bacterial intramembrane metalloprotease RseP in the substrate-bound state}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pixel-level metal blackbody microcavities via hierarchical laser writing. SCIADV, 11(9), eadu0608. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional blackbody cavities, known for their near-unity broadband omnidirectional emissivity (absorptivity), are however constrained by their large volume (e.g., >10 4 cm 3 ), imposing crucial restrictions on integration with existing devices. Here, we introduce the concept of metal blackbody microcavities, comprising thousands of microscale periodic pores created on metals, demonstrating excellent emissivity across visible and infrared (IR) ranges (exceeding 0.94 on average from 0.25 to 20 μm). In the long-wavelength IR (8 to 14 μm) region, near-unity emissivity was successfully achieved by 100-μm-deep metal microcavities with ultralow structural aspect ratios, facilitated by laser-textured multiscale surface morphologies that substantially enhance the light-trapping capabilities. Our findings demonstrate that microcavity-based patterns can produce local emissivity, tunable radiative intensity gradients, wide-angle feasibility, and high-temperature resistance, thereby enabling diverse applications in thermal IR displays such as thermal illusion, IR encryption, and grayscale thermal imaging. Notably, these blackbody microcavities are applicable to various metals, presenting considerable potential for use in extreme environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chong-Kuong Ng and Tianle Chen and Bing-Feng Ju and Yuan-Liu Chen and Yungui Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0608}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadu0608}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pixel-level metal blackbody microcavities via hierarchical laser writing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MSB2-activated pheromone pathway regulates fungal plasma membrane integrity in response to herbicide adjuvant. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt8715. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are used worldwide for weed management. However, GBHs pose a threat to soil fungal community, although fungi can degrade and use glyphosate as a nutrient source. How fungi respond to GBHs remains enigmatic. Here, we found that, not as in plants, the commercial GBH Roundup does not target the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase in the soil-derived fungus Trichoderma guizhouense , whereas it impairs fungal growth. We demonstrate that the herbicide adjuvant Triton CG-110 is more toxic to fungal cells than pure glyphosate. It limits nitrogen uptake, which induces the expression of proteinase YPS1 to catalyze the shedding of the MSB2 extracellular domain from the plasma membrane, leading to the activation of the MAPK TMK1 pheromone pathway. The downstream B2H2-type transcription factor STE12 directly regulates ergosterol biosynthesis, affecting membrane fluidity and stability. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that the pheromone pathway is implicated in ergosterol biosynthesis and plasma membrane integrity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jianwei Pu and Xiuju Long and Yifan Li and Jian Zhang and Fei Qi and Jiangtao Gao and Qirong Shen and Zhenzhong Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8715}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt8715}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MSB2-activated pheromone pathway regulates fungal plasma membrane integrity in response to herbicide adjuvant}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomic to nanoscale chemical fluctuations: The catalyst for enhanced thermoelectric performance in high-entropy materials. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt6298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-entropy materials have expanded the frontier for discovering uncharted physicochemical properties. The phenomenon of chemical fluctuation is ubiquitous in high-entropy materials, yet its role in the thermoelectric field is often overlooked. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of (Mg 0.94− n Yb 0.26 Sr 0.26 Zn m )(Mg n Cd 0.69 Zn 0.69− m Na x )(Sb 1.74 Ca 0.26 ) samples characterized by ultrahigh configurational entropy. These samples exhibit a homogeneous single-phase structure at macroscopic and microscopic scales, yet display notable chemical fluctuations at the atomic to nanoscale. These fluctuations, along with the unusual atomic occupations, lead to an exceptionally low lattice thermal conductivity akin to that of amorphous materials. Combining the optimized carrier concentration and well-maintained carrier mobility, we ultimately achieved a high zT value of 1.2 at 750 kelvin, outperforming most previously reported AB 2 Sb 2 -type Zintls. This study underscores that the atomic to nanoscale chemical fluctuations are the crucial catalyst for the enhanced thermoelectric performance in high-entropy materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jingyi Wang and Haotian Gao and Kunpeng Zhao and Hexige Wuliji and Binru Zhao and Jie Ma and Xingyu Chen and Jiawei Zhang and Yanping Sui and Tian-Ran Wei and Min Zhu and Xun Shi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt6298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomic to nanoscale chemical fluctuations: The catalyst for enhanced thermoelectric performance in high-entropy materials}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The synaptonemal complex aligns meiotic chromosomes by wetting. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt5675. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During meiosis, the parental chromosomes are drawn together to enable exchange of genetic information. Chromosomes are aligned through the assembly of a conserved interface, the synaptonemal complex, composed of a central region that forms between two parallel chromosomal backbones called axes. Here, we identify the axis-central region interface in C. elegans , containing a conserved positive patch on the axis component HIM-3 and the negative C terminus of the central region protein SYP-5. Crucially, the canonical ultrastructure of the synaptonemal complex is altered upon weakening this interface using charge-reversal mutations. We developed a thermodynamic model that recapitulates our experimental observations, indicating that the liquid-like central region can assemble by wetting the axes without active energy consumption. More broadly, our data show that condensation drives tightly regulated nuclear reorganization during sexual reproduction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Spencer G. Gordon and Alyssa A. Rodriguez and Yajie Gu and Kevin D. Corbett and Chiu Fan Lee and Ofer Rog}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5675}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt5675}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The synaptonemal complex aligns meiotic chromosomes by wetting}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The inner core enables transient touch detection in the pacinian corpuscle. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt4837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pacinian corpuscles detect transient touch and vibration in vertebrates. Corpuscles are composed of a mechanoreceptor afferent surrounded by lamellar Schwann cells (LSCs), enclosed by a multilayered outer core. The spatial arrangement of these components and their contribution to sensory tuning are unclear. We report the three-dimensional architecture of the Pacinian corpuscle and reveal the role of its cellular components in touch detection. In the prevailing model, the outer core acts as a mechanical filter that limits static and low-frequency stimuli from reaching the afferent terminal—the presumed sole site of touch detection. We show that the outer core is dispensable for the sensory tuning to transient touch and vibration; instead, these properties arise from the inner core. By acting as additional touch sensors, LSCs potentiate mechanosensitivity of the terminal, which detects touch via fast inactivating ion channels. Thus, functional tuning of the Pacinian corpuscle is enabled by an interplay between mechanosensitive LSCs and the afferent terminal in the inner core.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luke H. Ziolkowski and Yury A. Nikolaev and Akitoshi Chikamoto and Mai Oda and Viktor V. Feketa and David Monedero-Alonso and Serafima A. Ardasheva and Samuel S. Bae and C. Shan Xu and Song Pang and Elena O. Gracheva and Sviatoslav N. Bagriantsev}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt4837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The inner core enables transient touch detection in the pacinian corpuscle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optogenetic quantification of cardiac excitability and electrical coupling in intact hearts to explain cardiac arrhythmia initiation. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt4103. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increased cardiac excitability and reduced electrical coupling promote cardiac arrhythmia and can be quantified by input resistance ( R m ), pacing threshold ( I thr ), and cardiac space constant (λ). However, their measurement in the heart was not feasible because the required homogenous current injection cannot be performed with electrical stimulation. We overcame this problem by optogenetic current injection into all illuminated cardiomyocytes of mouse hearts in different action potential phases. Precisely triggered and patterned illumination enabled measuring R m and λ, which both were smallest at diastole. Pharmacological and depolarization-induced reduction of inwardly rectifying K + currents ( I K1 ), gap junction block, and cardiac infarction reduced I thr , showing the importance of high I K1 density and intact cardiomyocyte coupling for preventing arrhythmia initiation. Combining optogenetic current injection and computer simulations was used to classify pro- and anti-arrhythmic mechanisms based on their effects on R m and I thr and allowed to quantify I K1 inward rectification in the intact heart, identifying reduced I K1 rectification as anti-arrhythmic concept.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Judith S. Langen and Patrick M. Boyle and Daniela Malan and Philipp Sasse}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4103}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt4103}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optogenetic quantification of cardiac excitability and electrical coupling in intact hearts to explain cardiac arrhythmia initiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptive cold-atom magnetometry mitigating the trade-off between sensitivity and dynamic range. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt3938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cold-atom magnetometers can achieve an exceptional combination of superior sensitivity and high spatial resolution. One key challenge that these quantum sensors face is improving the sensitivity within a given timeframe while preserving a high dynamic range. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an adaptive entanglement-free cold-atom magnetometry with both superior sensitivity and high dynamic range. Using a tailored adaptive Bayesian quantum estimation algorithm designed for Ramsey interferometry using coherent population trapping (CPT), cold-atom magnetometry facilitates adaptive high-precision detection of a dc magnetic field with high dynamic range. Through implementing a sequence of correlated CPT-Ramsey interferometry, the sensitivity significantly surpasses the standard quantum limit with respect to total interrogation time. We yield a sensitivity of 6.8 ± 0.1 picotesla per square root of hertz over a range of 145.6 nanotesla, exceeding the conventional frequentist protocol by 3.3 ± 0.1 decibels. Our study opens avenues for the next generation of adaptive cold-atom quantum sensors, wherein real-time measurement history is leveraged to improve their performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhu Ma and Chengyin Han and Zhi Tan and Haihua He and Shenzhen Shi and Xin Kang and Jiatao Wu and Jiahao Huang and Bo Lu and Chaohong Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt3938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptive cold-atom magnetometry mitigating the trade-off between sensitivity and dynamic range}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Implantable wireless suture sensor for in situ tendon and ligament strain monitoring. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt3811. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tendon and ligament ruptures are prevalent, and severe sports injuries require surgical repair. In clinical practice, monitoring of tissue strain is critical to alert severe postoperative complications such as graft reinjury and loosening. Here, we present a sensor system that integrates a strain sensor and communication coil onto surgical silk sutures, enabling in situ monitoring and wireless readout of tissue strains via surgical implantation. The flexible sensor shows excellent adaptability to soft tissues, providing a strain monitoring range of 0 to 10% with a minimum detection threshold of 0.25% and maintaining stability more than 300,000 stretching cycles. The wireless sensor could be integrated with complex structures in surgical scenarios involving lateral collateral ligament injury and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, enabling distinct responses to graft stretching, reinjury, and loosening. Animal experiments demonstrate that the sensor can acquire real-time, clinical-grade strain data while exhibiting high biocompatibility. The sensor system shows considerable potential in evaluating preclinical implant performance and monitoring implant-related surgical complications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Guangmin Yang and Rongzan Lin and Haojie Li and Yuqiu Chen and Meiling Liu and Ziyang Luo and Kewei Wang and Jinying Tu and Yue Xu and Zixiao Fan and Yizhi Zhou and Yongwei Pan and Zhe Zhao and Ran Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3811}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt3811}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Implantable wireless suture sensor for in situ tendon and ligament strain monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct measurement of fluorocarbon radicals in the thermal destruction of perfluorohexanoic acid using photoionization mass spectrometry. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt3363. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thermal destruction is a critical cornerstone of addressing the rampant contamination of natural resources with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, grave concerns associated with stack emissions from incineration exist because mechanistic studies have thus far relied on ex situ analyses of end products and theoretical calculations. Here, we used synchrotron-based vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry to study the pyrolysis of a representative PFAS—perfluorohexanoic acid—and provide direct evidence of fluorocarbon radicals and intermediates. A key reaction pathway from perfluorocarboxylic acids to ketenes via acyl fluorides is proposed. We furthermore propose CF 2 /CF 3 radical–centered pyrolysis mechanisms and explain their roles in the formation of other products that may form in full-scale incinerators. These results have not only unveiled the role of radicals and intermediates in thermal PFAS decomposition and recombination mechanisms but also provide unique insight into improving the safety and viability of industrial PFAS incineration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ming-Gao Xu and Chen Huang and Long Zhao and Anthony K. Rappé and Eric M. Kennedy and Michael Stockenhuber and John C. Mackie and Nathan H. Weber and John A. Lucas and Musahid Ahmed and Jens Blotevogel and Wenchao Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3363}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt3363}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct measurement of fluorocarbon radicals in the thermal destruction of perfluorohexanoic acid using photoionization mass spectrometry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unveiling the importance of nonshortest paths in quantum networks. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt2404. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum networks (QNs) exhibit stronger connectivity than predicted by classical percolation, yet the origin of this phenomenon remains unexplored. We apply a statistical physics model—concurrence percolation—to uncover the origin of stronger connectivity on hierarchical scale-free networks, the ( U , V ) flowers. These networks allow full analytical control over path connectivity through two adjustable path-length parameters, ≤ V . This precise control enables us to determine critical exponents well beyond current simulation limits, revealing that classical and concurrence percolations, while both satisfying the hyperscaling relation, fall into distinct universality classes. This distinction arises from how they “superpose” parallel, nonshortest path contributions into overall connectivity. Concurrence percolation, unlike its classical counterpart, is sensitive to nonshortest paths and shows higher resilience to detours as these paths lengthen. This enhanced resilience is also observed in real-world hierarchical, scale-free internet networks. Our findings highlight a crucial principle for QN design: When nonshortest paths are abundant, they notably enhance QN connectivity beyond what is achievable with classical percolation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinqi Hu and Gaogao Dong and Kim Christensen and Hanlin Sun and Jingfang Fan and Zihao Tian and Jianxi Gao and Shlomo Havlin and Renaud Lambiotte and Xiangyi Meng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2404}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt2404}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unveiling the importance of nonshortest paths in quantum networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Composition and function of AChR chimeric autoantibody receptor t cells for antigen-specific b cell depletion in myasthenia gravis. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt0795. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In acetylcholine receptor (AChR)–seropositive myasthenia gravis (MG), anti-AChR autoantibodies impair neuromuscular transmission and cause severe muscle weakness. MG therapies broadly suppress immune function, risking infections. We designed a chimeric autoantibody receptor (CAAR) expressing the 210–amino acid extracellular domain of the AChR α subunit (A210) linked to CD137-CD3ζ cytoplasmic domains to direct T cell cytotoxicity against anti-AChRα B cells. A210-CAART incorporating a CD8α transmembrane domain (TMD8α) showed functional but unstable surface expression, partially restored by inhibiting lysosomal degradation. A210-CAART with a CD28 TMD showed sustained surface expression, independent of TMD dimerization motifs. In a mouse xenograft model, A210.TMD8α-CAART demonstrated early control of anti-AChR B cell outgrowth but subsequent rebound and loss of surface CAAR expression, whereas A210.TMD28-CAART induced sustained surface CAAR expression and target cell elimination. This study demonstrates the importance of the CD28 TMD for CAAR stability and in vivo function, laying the groundwork for future development of precision cellular immunotherapy for AChR-MG.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sangwook Oh and Fatemeh Khani-Habibabadi and Kevin C. O’Connor and Aimee S. Payne}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0795}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt0795}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Composition and function of AChR chimeric autoantibody receptor t cells for antigen-specific b cell depletion in myasthenia gravis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multidisciplinary evidence for synchroneity between ontong java nui volcanism and early aptian oceanic anoxic event 1a. SCIADV, 11(9), eadt0204. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The volcanic episodes forming Ontong Java Nui (OJN) likely caused late Barremian to mid-Aptian paleoenvironmental perturbations, the most substantial of which was early Aptian oceanic anoxic event (OAE) 1a (120 million years ago). However, recent estimates on younger OJN eruption ages cast doubt on the link between OJN volcanism and OAE1a. Here, we further demonstrate the synchroneity between OJN volcanism and OAE1a by refining the chronology of Pacific volcanogenic sedimentary records on Magellan Rise, nearby OJN, with detailed osmium and carbon isotopic stratigraphy. Our geochemical data reveal that a thick tuffaceous interval at this site was deposited during OAE1a. Furthermore, multisite compilation of osmium isotopes, Pacific volcanic ash beds, and paleontological data just above OJN basalts illustrate that explosive OJN eruptions spanned ~5 million years, peaking around OAE1a. Their synchroneity strongly indicates that OJN volcanism most likely caused OAE1a and relevant late Barremian to mid-Aptian environmental perturbations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hironao Matsumoto and Kotaro Shirai and Akira Ishikawa and Naohiko Ohkouchi and Nanako O. Ogawa and Maria Luisa G. Tejada and Atsushi Ando and Junichiro Kuroda and Katsuhiko Suzuki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0204}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadt0204}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multidisciplinary evidence for synchroneity between ontong java nui volcanism and early aptian oceanic anoxic event 1a}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cavity QED in a high NA resonator. SCIADV, 11(9), eads8171. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {From fundamental studies of light-matter interaction to applications in quantum networking and sensing, cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) provides a toolbox to control interactions between atoms and photons. The coherence of interactions is determined by the single-pass atomic absorption and number of photon round-trips. Reducing the cavity loss has enabled resonators supporting 1 million roundtrips but with limited material choices and increased alignment sensitivity. Here, we present a high–numerical aperture, lens-based resonator that pushes the single-atom single-photon absorption probability near its fundamental limit, reducing the mode size at the atom to order λ. This resonator provides a single-atom cooperativity of 1.6 in a cavity where the light circulates ∼10 times. We load single 87 Rb atoms into this cavity, observe strong coupling, and demonstrate cavity-enhanced atom detection with fidelity of 99.55(6)% and survival of 99.89(4)% in 130 μs. Introducing intracavity imaging systems will enable cavity arrays compatible with Rydberg atom array computing technologies, expanding the applicability of the cavity QED toolbox.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danial Shadmany and Aishwarya Kumar and Anna Soper and Lukas Palm and Chuan Yin and Henry Ando and Bowen Li and Lavanya Taneja and Matt Jaffe and Schuster David and Jon Simon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8171}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads8171}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cavity QED in a high NA resonator}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Benchmarking macaque brain gene expression for horizontal and vertical translation. SCIADV, 11(9), eads6967. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The spatial patterning of gene expression shapes cortical organization and function. The macaque is a fundamental model organism in neuroscience, but the translational potential of macaque gene expression rests on the assumption that it is a good proxy for patterns of corresponding proteins (vertical translation) and for patterns of orthologous human genes (horizontal translation). Here, we systematically benchmark regional gene expression in macaque cortex against (i) macaque cortical receptor density and in vivo and ex vivo microstructure and (ii) human cortical gene expression. We find moderate cortex-wide correspondence between macaque gene expression and protein density, which improves by considering layer-specific gene expression. Half of the examined genes exhibit significant correlation between macaque and human across the cortex. Interspecies correspondence of gene expression is greater in unimodal than in transmodal cortex, recapitulating evolutionary cortical expansion and gene-protein correspondence in the macaque. These results showcase the potential and limitations of macaque cortical transcriptomics for translational discovery within and across species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrea I. Luppi and Zhen-Qi Liu and Justine Y. Hansen and Rodrigo Cofre and Meiqi Niu and Elena Kuzmin and Seán Froudist-Walsh and Nicola Palomero-Gallagher and Bratislav Misic}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6967}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads6967}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Benchmarking macaque brain gene expression for horizontal and vertical translation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Manipulating the coordination dice: Alkali metals directed synthesis of co-N-C catalysts with CoN4 sites. SCIADV, 11(9), eads6658. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nitrogen-coordinated metal sites (MN x ) in metal- and nitrogen-codoped carbon (M-N-C) catalysts offer promising electrocatalytic activity, but selective synthetic design of MN x sites with specific coordination environments remains challenging. Here, we manipulate the formation statistics of MN x sites by using sacrifice alkali metals (AM = Li, Na, and K) to form metal vacancy-N x carbon (AM-MVN x -C) templates, which are used to direct the solution-phase formation of CoN 4 sites in Co-N-C catalysts. We build a probability weight function based on the embedding energy of M in MN x sites as the descriptor for MN x formation statistics, and we predict that the alkali metals are prone to induce the formation of MVN 4 sites. By coordinating Co 2+ ions with AM-MVN x -C templates, we synthesize Co-N-C with CoN 4 sites, demonstrating remarkable oxygen reduction activity in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. These results highlight the statistical thermodynamics of MN x formation and open up the possibility for the rational design of complex M-N-C electrocatalysts with well-defined MN x sites.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mengxue Huang and Xuya Zhu and Wenwen Shi and Qianqian Qin and Jie Yang and Shanshan Liu and Lifang Chen and Ruimin Ding and Lin Gan and Xi Yin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6658}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads6658}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Manipulating the coordination dice: Alkali metals directed synthesis of co-N-C catalysts with CoN4 sites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thermal diffusivity microscope: Zooming in on anisotropic heat transport. SCIADV, 11(9), eads6538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Anisotropic heat–conducting materials play crucial roles in designing electronic, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric devices, where temperature and thermal stress are important. Despite substantial research efforts, a major obstacle to determining the anisotropic thermal diffusivity tensor in polycrystalline systems is the need for a robust, direct, and nondestructive technique to distinguish between distinct thermal diffusivities. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually unique thermal diffusivity microscope capable of performing high-resolution local measurements of anisotropic thermal diffusivity. The microscope features a unique micro four-point probe for fast, nondestructive scanning without calibration or extra sample preparation. It measures anisotropic thermal diffusivity based on thermal delay from a single heater. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate that the anisotropy of the measured thermal diffusivity correlates excellently with the crystallographic direction of prototypical Bi 2 Te 3 . The anisotropic heat transport shows that the lattice contribution dominates the heat transport for both in- and out-of-plane directions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Neetu Lamba and Braulio Beltrán-Pitarch and Tianbo Yu and Muhamed Dawod and Alex Berner and Benny Guralnik and Andrey Orekhov and Nicolas Gauquelin and Yaron Amouyal and Johan Verbeeck and Ole Hansen and Nini Pryds and Dirch Hjorth Petersen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads6538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thermal diffusivity microscope: Zooming in on anisotropic heat transport}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transformation of flg22 perception into electrical signals decoded in vasculature leads to sieve tube blockage and pathogen resistance. SCIADV, 11(9), eads6417. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This study focuses on the question how and where information acquired by FLS2 perception of flg22 is transformed into electrical signals crucial for generation of local and systemic defense responses. In Arabidopsis thaliana and Vicia faba leaves, FLS2 density was high in the epidermis and vascular parenchyma, low in mesophyll, and absent in sieve elements (SEs). Aequorin-based examinations disclosed dual cytosolic Ca 2+ peaks shortly after flg22 application, which corresponded with two voltage shifts from the epidermis to SEs. These signals were converted into rapid long-range action potentials (APs) or slower short-range variation potentials (VPs). Modified phytohormone-levels demonstrated systemic AP effects. Jasmonic acid up-regulation was significantly higher in wild-type than Atseor1/2 mutants. Abundant Ca 2+ influx associated with VPs was responsible for transient sieve element occlusion (SEO) near the flg22 perception site, whereas SEO was absent in Atseor1/2 and Atfls2 mutants. Biological relevance of SEO was demonstrated by higher susceptibility of Atseor1/2 mutants to Pseudomonas syringae than wild-type plants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexandra C. U. Furch and Matthias R. Zimmermann and Gundula A. Noll and Lisa S. Wrobel and Sandra S. Scholz and Stefanie V. Buxa-Kleeberg and Jens B. Hafke and Judith Fliegmann and Axel Mithöfer and Katrin Ehlers and Tom Haufschild and Jonas Nötzold and Aline M. Koch and Veit Grabe and Florian Teutemacher and Jan-Peter Maaß and Dirk Prüfer and Ralf Oelmüller and Edgar Peiter and Karl-Heinz Kogel and Aart J. E. van Bel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6417}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads6417}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transformation of flg22 perception into electrical signals decoded in vasculature leads to sieve tube blockage and pathogen resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Manipulating perovskite structural asymmetry for high-performing self-powered full-stokes polarimetry. SCIADV, 11(9), eads6123. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing direct full-stokes imaging polarimetry is essential for various applications but remains challenging. Perovskites have superior optoelectronic properties and structural diversity, making them ideal candidates for high-performing direct full-stokes polarimetry. However, perovskite suffers low chiroptical activity due to inefficient chiral transfer, which greatly limits its circular-polarization-vector discrimination. These issues urgently require remedy. Here, we demonstrate that perovskites’ chiroptical activity is highly related to their structural chiral-distortion extent. We propose using halide mixing to construct asymmetric chiral transfer to heighten its structural chiral-distortion extent. Accordingly, we report a 16-fold increment in the optical chiroptical activity. Further ab initio calculations verify that the enhancement is due to the strengthened magnetic transition dipole in mixed-halide structures. We herein report a self-powered, direct full-Stokes polarimetry with a high detectivity up to 1.2 × 10 12 Jones and low detection errors (Δ S 1–3 ≤ 5.0%). We further showcase their application in full-stokes imaging polarimetry with the lowest detection errors yet.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quanlin Chen and Mingwei Ge and Cong Geng and Jia Zhang and Linyue Gao and Zhuanzhuan Huang and Saike Wang and Yanxing Feng and Xinxin Yue and Saif M. H. Qaid and Xuewen Fu and Mei Wang and Yuanzhi Jiang and Mingjian Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6123}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads6123}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Manipulating perovskite structural asymmetry for high-performing self-powered full-stokes polarimetry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Leveraging nature’s nanocarriers: Translating insights from extracellular vesicles to biomimetic synthetic vesicles for biomedical applications. SCIADV, 11(9), eads5249. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles (EVs) and synthetic nanoparticles like liposomes have revolutionized precision diagnostics and medicine. EVs excel in biocompatibility and cell targeting, while liposomes offer enhanced drug loading capacity and scalability. The clinical translation of EVs is hindered by challenges including low yield and heterogeneity, whereas liposomes face rapid immune clearance and limited targeting efficiency. To bridge these gaps, biomimetic synthetic vesicles (SVs) have emerged as innovative platforms, combining the advantageous properties of EVs and liposomes. This review emphasizes critical aspects of EV biology, such as mechanisms of EV-cell interaction and source-dependent functionalities in targeting, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration, informing biomimetic SV engineering. We reviewed a broad array of biomimetic SVs, with a focus on lipid bilayered vesicles functionalized with proteins. These include cell-derived nanovesicles, protein-functionalized liposomes, and hybrid vesicles. By addressing current challenges and highlighting opportunities, this review aims to advance biomimetic SVs for transformative biomedical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunxi Chen and Noélie Douanne and Tad Wu and Ishman Kaur and Thupten Tsering and Armen Erzingatzian and Amélie Nadeau and David Juncker and Vahé Nerguizian and Julia V. Burnier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5249}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads5249}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Leveraging nature’s nanocarriers: Translating insights from extracellular vesicles to biomimetic synthetic vesicles for biomedical applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anthropogenic intensification of arctic anticyclonic circulation. SCIADV, 11(9), eads4508. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The past four decades have witnessed a strengthening of the winter anticyclonic circulation over the Barents-Kara Sea (BKS), a change that has contributed substantially to amplified local warming and sea ice loss, as well as to Eurasian cooling. However, the cause of this trend in the BKS atmospheric circulation remains unknown. Here we show that anthropogenic greenhouse gases are the primary driver of the strengthening of the BKS anticyclonic circulation, with anthropogenic aerosols playing a secondary role, both together accounting for about 86% of the observed circulation trend. Both forcings induce an amplified BKS low-tropospheric warming through coupling with strong sea ice loss. This amplified warming raises geopotential height aloft through thermal expansion, causing an anomalous anticyclonic anomaly, which in turn enhances warming and sea ice loss, forming a positive feedback loop. Our work provides a theoretical framework for understanding Arctic atmospheric circulation responses to anthropogenic warming and may have implications for climate and environment in the Arctic and beyond.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhongfang Liu and Camille Risi and Francis Codron and Guillaume Gastineau and Xiaohe Huan and Haimao Lan and Wanling Xu and Gabriel J. Bowen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4508}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads4508}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anthropogenic intensification of arctic anticyclonic circulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Correlated nanoimaging of structure and dynamics of cation-polaron coupling in hybrid perovskites. SCIADV, 11(9), eads3706. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites exhibit high photovoltaic performance and other novel photonic functions. While polaron formation is believed to facilitate efficient carrier transport, the elementary processes of the underlying electron-lattice coupling are yet poorly understood because of the multiscale chemical and structural heterogeneities. Here, we resolve in combined ground- and excited-state spatiospectral ultrafast nanoimaging how structural characteristics are related to both molecular cation and polaron dynamics. We use the observed nanoscale spatial variations of the formamidinium (FA) cation transient vibrational blue shifts as a local probe of the nonlocal polaron-cation coupling. From the correlation with nanomovies of the polaron dynamics, we then infer how a softer more polarizable lattice supports stable polarons and longer-lived residual carriers. This, together with a relative intragrain homogeneity in contrast to high intergrain heterogeneity, suggests pathways for improved synthesis and device engineering, and that perovskite photonics performance is still far from any fundamental limits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Roland Wilcken and Branden L. Esses and Rachith S. Nithyananda Kumar and Lauren A. Hurley and Sean E. Shaheen and Markus B. Raschke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3706}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads3706}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Correlated nanoimaging of structure and dynamics of cation-polaron coupling in hybrid perovskites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). On-surface synthesis of heisenberg spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic molecular chains. SCIADV, 11(9), eads1641. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic exchange interactions between localized spins in π-electron magnetism of carbon-based nanostructures have attracted tremendous interest due to their great potential for nano spintronics. Unique many-body quantum characteristics, such as gaped excitations, strong spin entanglement, and fractionalized excitations, have been demonstrated, but the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with a single antiferromagnetic coupling J value remained unexplored. Here, we realized the entangled antiferromagnetic quantum spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with diazahexabenzocoronene oligomers (up to 7 units) on Au(111). Extensive low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements and density functional theory and many-body calculations show that even-numbered spin chains host a collective state with gapped excitations, while odd-numbered chains feature a Kondo excitation. We found that a given antiferromagnetic coupling J value between first neighbors in the entangled quantum states is responsible for the quantum phenomena, strongly relating to their parities of the chain. The tunable molecular building blocks act as an ideal platform for the experimental realization of topological spin lattices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kewei Sun and Nan Cao and Orlando J. Silveira and Adolfo O. Fumega and Fiona Hanindita and Shingo Ito and Jose L. Lado and Peter Liljeroth and Adam S. Foster and Shigeki Kawai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1641}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads1641}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {On-surface synthesis of heisenberg spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic molecular chains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cystic fibrosis alters the structure of the olfactory epithelium and the expression of olfactory receptors affecting odor perception. SCIADV, 11(9), eads1568. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A reduced sense of smell is a common condition in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) that negatively affects their quality of life. While often attributed to nasal mucosa inflammation, the underlying causes of the olfactory loss remain unknown. Here, we characterized gene expression in olfactory epithelium cells from patients with CF using single-nuclei RNA sequencing and found altered expression of olfactory receptors (ORs) and genes related to progenitor cell proliferation. We confirmed these findings in newborn, inflammation-free samples of a CF animal model and further identified ultrastructural alterations in the olfactory epithelium and bulbs of these animals. We established that CFTR, the anion channel whose dysfunction causes CF, is dispensable for odor-evoked signaling in sensory neurons, yet CF animals displayed defective odor-guided behaviors consistent with the morphological and molecular alterations. Our study highlights CF’s major role in modulating epithelial structure and OR expression, shedding light on the mechanisms contributing to olfactory loss in CF.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ignacio Caballero and Yvon Mbouamboua and Susanne Weise and Raquel López-Gálvez and Marie Couralet and Isabelle Fleurot and Nicolas Pons and Marta Barrera-Conde and Nayima Quílez-Playán and Matthieu Keller and Nikolai Klymiuk and Patricia Robledo and Thomas Hummel and Pascal Barbry and Pablo Chamero}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1568}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads1568}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cystic fibrosis alters the structure of the olfactory epithelium and the expression of olfactory receptors affecting odor perception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG4 has variable consequences dependent upon fc function, fc receptor polymorphism, and viral variant. SCIADV, 11(9), eads1482. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Repeated mRNA COVID-19 vaccination increases spike-specific immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) titers. Here, we characterized the influence of increased IgG4 titers on a range of Fc-mediated responses. Elevated spike-specific IgG4 reduced binding to FcγRIIIa and decreased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. However, in individuals with lower total spike-specific IgG, IgG4 acted in synergy with other IgG subclasses to improve FcγRI and FcγRIIa binding and consequently antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. Furthermore, this trend was more pronounced with more recent SARS-CoV-2 variants where vaccination induced comparably lower total spike-specific titers. These observations were further confirmed by in silico modeling where antibody subclass concentrations and FcγR polymorphisms were modulated. Collectively, we illustrate that the impact of elevated IgG4 titers upon Fc functions is dependent on multiple interconnected antibody and antigen factors, which should be taken into consideration when dissecting the mechanisms driving an effective Fc-mediated response following vaccination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {L. Carissa Aurelia and Ruth A. Purcell and Robert M. Theisen and Andrew Kelly and Robyn Esterbauer and Pradhipa Ramanathan and Wen Shi Lee and Bruce D. Wines and P. Mark Hogarth and Jennifer A. Juno and Lilith F. Allen and Katherine A. Bond and Deborah A. Williamson and Janine M. Trevillyan and Jason A. Trubiano and Thi HO Nguyen and Katherine Kedzierska and Adam K. Wheatley and Stephen J. Kent and Kelly B. Arnold and Kevin John Selva and Amy W. Chung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1482}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads1482}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG4 has variable consequences dependent upon fc function, fc receptor polymorphism, and viral variant}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A photovoltaic-electrolysis system with high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency under practical current densities. SCIADV, 11(9), eads0836. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The photovoltaic-alkaline water (PV-AW) electrolysis system offers an appealing approach for large-scale green hydrogen generation. However, current PV-AW systems suffer from low solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiencies (e.g., <20%) at practical current densities (e.g., >100 mA cm −2 ), rendering the produced H 2 not economical. Here, we designed and developed a highly efficient PV-AW system that mainly consists of a customized, state-of-the-art AW electrolyzer and concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) receiver. The highly efficient anodic oxygen evolving catalyst, consisting of an iron oxide/nickel (oxy)hydroxide (Fe 2 O 3 -NiO x H y ) composite, enables the customized AW electrolyzer with unprecedented catalytic performance (e.g., 1 A cm −2 at 1.8 V and 0.37 kgH 2 /m −2 hour −1 at 48 kWh/kgH 2 ). Benefiting from the superior water electrolysis performance, the integrated CPV-AW electrolyzer system reaches a very high STH efficiency of up to 29.1% (refer to 30.3% if the lead resistance losses are excluded) at large current densities, surpassing all previously reported PV-electrolysis systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qingran Zhang and Yihao Shan and Jian Pan and Priyank Kumar and Mark J. Keevers and John Lasich and Gurpreet Kour and Rahman Daiyan and Ivan Perez-Wurf and Lars Thomsen and Soshan Cheong and Junjie Jiang and Kuang-Hsu Wu and Chao-Lung Chiang and Kristian Grayson and Martin A. Green and Rose Amal and Xunyu Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0836}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eads0836}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A photovoltaic-electrolysis system with high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency under practical current densities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ca2+/calmodulin and protein kinase c (PKC) reverse the vesicle fusion arrest by unmasking PIP2. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr9859. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vesicle fusion is a key process in cellular communication and membrane trafficking. Soluble N -ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins drive vesicle fusion, and SNARE proteins seem to be partially assembled before fusion occurs. However, the molecular mechanisms of the vesicle fusion arrest and how vesicle fusion is rescued from the arrest remain not fully understood. We have previously shown that as a lipid catalyst, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) electrostatically triggers vesicle fusion by lowering the hydration energy, and masking PIP2 arrests vesicle fusion in a state of the partial SNARE assembly. In this study, we show that calmodulin and protein kinase C–epsilon unmask PIP2 through the dissociation of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate from membranes and, thus, rescue basal fusion and potentiate synaptotagmin-1–mediated Ca 2+ -dependent vesicle fusion. We provide the model in which the arrest of vesicle fusion can be rescued by the unmasking of PIP2, a lipid catalyst for fusion.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Houda Yasmine Ali Moussa and Kyung Chul Shin and Yongsoo Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9859}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr9859}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ca2+/calmodulin and protein kinase c (PKC) reverse the vesicle fusion arrest by unmasking PIP2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TFIIH kinase CDK7 drives cell proliferation through a common core transcription factor network. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr9660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {How cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) coordinately regulates the cell cycle and RNA polymerase II transcription remains unclear. Here, high-resolution cryo–electron microscopy revealed how two clinically relevant inhibitors block CDK7 function. In cells, CDK7 inhibition rapidly suppressed transcription, but constitutively active genes were disproportionately affected versus stimulus-responsive. Distinct transcription factors (TFs) regulate constitutive versus stimulus-responsive genes. Accordingly, stimulus-responsive TFs were refractory to CDK7 inhibition whereas constitutively active “core” TFs were repressed. Core TFs (n = 78) are predominantly promoter associated and control cell cycle and proliferative gene expression programs across cell types. Mechanistically, rapid suppression of core TF function can occur through CDK7-dependent phosphorylation changes in core TFs and RB1. Moreover, CDK7 inhibition depleted core TF protein levels within hours, consistent with durable target gene suppression. Thus, a major but unappreciated biological function for CDK7 is regulation of a TF cohort that drives proliferation, revealing an apparent universal mechanism by which CDK7 coordinates RNAPII transcription with cell cycle CDK regulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taylor Jones and Junjie Feng and Olivia Luyties and Kira Cozzolino and Lynn Sanford and Jenna K. Rimel and Christopher C. Ebmeier and Grace S. Shelby and Lotte P. Watts and Jessica Rodino and Nisha Rajagopal and Shanhu Hu and Finn Brennan and Zachary L. Maas and Sydney Alnemy and William F. Richter and Adrian F. Koh and Nora B. Cronin and Ameya Madduri and Jhuma Das and Elliot Cooper and Kristin B. Hamman and John P. Carulli and Mary A. Allen and Sabrina Spencer and Abhay Kotecha and Jason J. Marineau and Basil J. Greber and Robin D. Dowell and Dylan J. Taatjes}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr9660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TFIIH kinase CDK7 drives cell proliferation through a common core transcription factor network}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fault material heterogeneity controls deep interplate earthquakes. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr9353. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earthquakes may seem random, but are often concentrated in some localized areas. Thus, they are likely controlled by fault materials and stress heterogeneity, which are little understood. Here, we provide high-resolution observations of fault material and stress heterogeneity in the Japan subduction zone through an integration of material and source imaging with numerical simulations. Our results present evidence for localized, anisotropic structures with a near-zero Poisson’s ratio in the medium surrounding 1 to 2 kilometer–sized earthquake clusters, suggesting that the fault medium is damaged, foliated, and enriched with fluid. Such localized structures may cause stress perturbations on faults that in turn favor the frequent occurrence of deep interplate earthquakes at depths of 60 to 70 kilometers. Therefore, identifying the distribution and properties of fault material heterogeneity is important for more informed assessment of earthquake hazards.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yihe Huang and Satoshi Ide and Aitaro Kato and Keisuke Yoshida and Chengxin Jiang and Peng Zhai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9353}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr9353}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fault material heterogeneity controls deep interplate earthquakes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dimeric assembly of f1-like ATPase for the gliding motility of mycoplasma. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr9319. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rotary ATPases, including F 1 F O -, V 1 V O -, and A 1 A O -ATPases, are molecular motors that exhibit rotational movements for energy conversion. In the gliding bacterium, Mycoplasma mobile , a dimeric F 1 -like ATPase forms a chain structure within the cell, which is proposed to drive the gliding motility. However, the mechanisms of force generation and transmission remain unclear. We determined the electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the dimeric F 1 -like ATPase complex. The structure revealed an assembly distinct from those of dimeric F 1 F O -ATPases. The F 1 -like ATPase unit associated by two subunits GliD and GliE was named G 1 -ATPase as an R 1 domain of rotary ATPases. G 1 -β subunit, a homolog of the F 1 -ATPase catalytic subunit, exhibited a specific N-terminal region that incorporates the glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase into the complex. Structural features of the ATPase displayed strong similarities to F 1 -ATPase, suggesting a rotation based on the rotary catalytic mechanism. Overall, the cryo-EM structure provides insights into the mechanism through which G 1 -ATPase drives the Mycoplasma gliding motility.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takuma Toyonaga and Takayuki Kato and Akihiro Kawamoto and Tomoko Miyata and Keisuke Kawakami and Junso Fujita and Tasuku Hamaguchi and Keiichi Namba and Makoto Miyata}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9319}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr9319}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dimeric assembly of f1-like ATPase for the gliding motility of mycoplasma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Solid-state spin coherence time approaching the physical limit. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr9298. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extending the coherence time of quantum systems to their physical limit is a long-standing pursuit and critical for developing quantum science and technology. By characterizing all the microscopic noise sources of the electronic spin [nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center] in diamonds using complete noise spectroscopy, we observe a previously unforeseen noise spectrum manifested as the empirical limit ( T 2 ≈ 1 2 T 1 ) that has puzzled researchers for decades in various solid-state systems. By implementing a corresponding dynamical decoupling strategy, we are able to surpass the empirical limit and approach the upper physical limit T 2 = 2 T 1 for NVs, from room temperature down to 220 kelvin. Our observations, including the independence across different spatial sites and its dependence on temperature in the same way as spin-lattice relaxation, suggest an emerging decoherence mechanism dominated by spin-lattice interaction. These results provide a unified and universal strategy for characterizing and controlling microscopic noises, thereby paving the way for achieving the physical limit in various solid-state systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuo Han and Xiangyu Ye and Xu Zhou and Zhaoxin Liu and Yuhang Guo and Mengqi Wang and Wentao Ji and Ya Wang and Jiangfeng Du}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9298}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr9298}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Solid-state spin coherence time approaching the physical limit}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DOG1 controls dormancy independently of ABA core signaling kinases regulation by preventing AFP dephosphorylation through AHG1. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr8502. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Seed dormancy determines germination timing, influencing seed plant adaptation and overall fitness. DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) is a conserved central regulator of dormancy cooperating with the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) through negative regulation of ABA HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION (AHG) 1 and AHG3 phosphatases. The current molecular mechanism of DOG1 signaling proposes it regulates the activation of central ABA-related SnRK2 kinases. Here, we unveil DOG1’s functional autonomy from the regulation of ABA core signaling components and unravel its pivotal control over the activation of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE FIVE BINDING PROTEINs (AFPs). Our data revealed a molecular relay in which AFPs’ genuine activation by AHG1 is contained by DOG1 to prevent the breakdown of maturation-imposed ABA responses independently of ABA-related kinase activation status. This work offers a molecular understanding of how plants fine-tune germination timing, while preserving seed responsiveness to adverse environmental cues, and thus represents a milestone in the realm of conservation and breeding programs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Thorben Krüger and Dennis Brandt and Johanna Sodenkamp and Michael Gasper and Maida Romera-Branchat and Florian Ahloumessou and Elena Gehring and Julia Drotleff and Christopher Bell and Katharina Kramer and Jürgen Eirich and Wim J. J. Soppe and Iris Finkemeier and Guillaume Née}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8502}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr8502}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DOG1 controls dormancy independently of ABA core signaling kinases regulation by preventing AFP dephosphorylation through AHG1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Constraining the entire earth system projections for more reliable climate change adaptation planning. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr5346. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The warming climate is creating increased levels of climate risk because of changes to the hazards to which human and natural systems are exposed. Projections of how those hazards will change are affected by uncertainties in the climate sensitivity of climate models, among other factors. While the level-of-global-warming approach can circumvent model climate sensitivity uncertainties in some applications, practitioners faced with specific adaptation responsibilities often find such projections difficult to use because they generally require time-oriented information. Earth system projections following specified emissions scenarios can, however, be constrained by applying the level-of-global-warming approach to observationally constrained warming projections to yield more reliable time-oriented projections for adaption planning and implementation. This approach also allows individual groups to produce consistent and comparable assessments of multifaceted climate impacts and causal mechanisms, thereby benefiting climate assessments at national and international levels that provide the science basis for adaptation action.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao Li and Francis W. Zwiers and Xuebin Zhang and Erich M. Fischer and Fujun Du and Jieyu Liu and Jianyu Wang and Yongxiao Liang and Tong Li and Lina Yuan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5346}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr5346}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Constraining the entire earth system projections for more reliable climate change adaptation planning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An endogenous GLP-1 circuit engages VTA GABA neurons to regulate mesolimbic dopamine neurons and attenuate cocaine seeking. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr5051. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent studies show that systemic administration of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist is sufficient to attenuate cocaine seeking. However, the neural mechanisms mediating these effects and the role of endogenous central GLP-1 signaling in cocaine seeking remain unknown. Here, we show that voluntary cocaine taking decreased plasma GLP-1 levels in rats and that chemogenetic activation of GLP-1–producing neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius that project to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) decreased cocaine seeking. Single-nuclei transcriptomics and FISH studies revealed that GLP-1Rs are expressed primarily on GABA neurons in the VTA. Using in vivo fiber photometry, we found that the efficacy of a systemic GLP-1R agonist to attenuate cocaine seeking was associated with increased activity of VTA GABA neurons and decreased activity of VTA dopamine neurons. Together, these findings suggest that targeting central GLP-1 circuits may be an effective strategy toward reducing cocaine relapse and highlight a functional role of GABAergic GLP-1R–expressing midbrain neurons in drug seeking.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Riley Merkel and Nicole S. Hernandez and Vanessa Weir and Yafang Zhang and Antonia Caffrey and Matthew T. Rich and Richard C. Crist and Benjamin C. Reiner and Heath D. Schmidt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5051}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr5051}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An endogenous GLP-1 circuit engages VTA GABA neurons to regulate mesolimbic dopamine neurons and attenuate cocaine seeking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A sensor-actuator–coupled gustatory interface chemically connecting virtual and real environments for remote tasting. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr4797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have strengthened the bridge between virtual and real worlds via human-machine interfaces. Despite extensive research into biophysical signals, gustation, a fundamental component of the five senses, has experienced limited progress. This work reports a bio-integrated gustatory interface, “e-Taste,” to address the underrepresented chemical dimension in current VR/AR technologies. This system facilitates remote perception and replication of taste sensations through the coupling of physically separated sensors and actuators with wireless communication modules. By using chemicals representing five basic tastes, systematic codesign of key functional components yields reliable performance including tunability, versatility, safety, and mechanical robustness. Field testing involving human subjects focusing on user perception confirms its proficiency in digitally simulating a range of taste intensities and combinations. Overall, this investigation pioneers a chemical dimension in AR/VR technology, paving the way for users to transcend visual and auditory virtual engagements by integrating the taste sensation into virtual environment for enhanced digital experiences.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shulin Chen and Yizhen Jia and Bowen Duan and Tzu-Li Liu and Qi Wang and Xiao Xiao and Prasad Nithianandam and Xi Tian and Chunyu Yang and Changsheng Wu and Zhaoqian Xie and Jinghua Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr4797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A sensor-actuator–coupled gustatory interface chemically connecting virtual and real environments for remote tasting}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A plant virus manipulates both its host plant and the insect that facilitates its transmission. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr4563. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a devastating pathogen of tomato crops, is vectored by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci , yet the mechanisms underlying TYLVC epidemics are poorly understood. We found that TYLCV triggers the up-regulation of two β-myrcene biosynthesis genes in tomato, leading to the attraction of nonviruliferous B. tabaci . We also identified BtMEDOR6 as a key whitefly olfactory receptor of β-myrcene involved in the distinct preference of B. tabaci MED for TYLCV-infected plants. TYLCV inhibits the expression of BtMEDOR6, canceling this preference and thereby facilitating TYLCV transmission to uninfected plants. Greenhouse experiments corroborated the role of β-myrcene in whitefly attraction. These findings reveal a sophisticated viral strategy whereby TYLCV modulates both host plant attractiveness and vector olfactory perception to enhance its spread.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Liang and Yang Zeng and Jie Ning and Xiaojie Wu and Wenlu Wang and Jun Ren and Qingjun Wu and Xin Yang and Shaoli Wang and Zhaojiang Guo and Qi Su and Xuguo Zhou and Ted C. J. Turlings and Wen Xie and Youjun Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4563}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr4563}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A plant virus manipulates both its host plant and the insect that facilitates its transmission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sea ice pattern effect on earth’s energy budget is characterized by hemispheric asymmetry. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr4248. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Earth’s energy budget is sensitive to the spatial distribution of sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration (SIC) change, but the global radiative effect of changes in SIC spatial distribution has not been quantified. We show that SIC-induced radiation anomalies at the top of the atmosphere are sensitive to the location of SIC reduction in each season, which qualitatively explains how and why the effect of sea ice loss on Earth’s energy budget is determined by its spatial pattern. Idealized experiments indicate that SIC-induced surface warming is greater in the Arctic regions, resulting in a more negative Planck feedback. Global low-level cloud cover responses to Arctic and Antarctic SIC reduction are also distinct, leading to more negative SIC-cloud feedback in Arctic regions. SIC-induced albedo feedback is sensitive to latitude due to inhomogeneous solar radiation at the surface. As a result, the simulated radiative effect of SIC anomalies during 1980–2019 is dominated by variations in the spatial pattern of SIC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chen Zhou and Qingming Wang and Ivy Tan and Lujun Zhang and Mark D. Zelinka and Minghuai Wang and Jonah Bloch-Johnson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4248}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr4248}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sea ice pattern effect on earth’s energy budget is characterized by hemispheric asymmetry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid and high-sensitivity screening of pregnancy complications by profiling circulating placental extracellular vesicles. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr4074. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Herein, we developed a specific, rapid sensor to quantify placental extracellular vesicle (EV) protein biomarkers of early pregnancy complications. A distinct tetraspanin CD9 and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) expression pattern was observed via targeted multiple reaction monitoring of EVs from maternal plasma collected before 18 weeks of gestation. A classification model was developed using training and validation patient sets, distinguishing between individuals at high risk of developing complications from those with normal pregnancies, achieving 80% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 89% positive predictive value (PPV), and 82% negative predictive value (NPV). Superparamagnetic nanoflowers that captured target EVs (CD9 + /PLAP + ) were used to construct a 4-flex glass strip nanozymatic readout system. The sensor analyzes plasma for EVs, identifying gestational diabetes mellitus risk with a 95% combined sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 96% NPV. This nanoplatform identifies individuals at risk of developing pregnancy complications with a >90% classification accuracy, exhibiting potential for clinical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Carlos Palma and Mostafa Kamal Masud and Dominic Guanzon and Andrew Lai and Melissa Razo and Angela Nakahara and Soumyalekshmi Nair and Alexis Salas-Burgos and Md Shahriar A. Hossain and Flavio Carrion and Gregory Duncombe and H. David McIntyre and Aase Handberg and Sherri Longo and Yusuke Yamauchi and Carlos Salomon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4074}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr4074}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid and high-sensitivity screening of pregnancy complications by profiling circulating placental extracellular vesicles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HfZrO-based synaptic resistor circuit for a super-turing intelligent system. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr2082. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Computers based on the Turing model execute artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that are either programmed by humans or derived from machine learning. These AI algorithms cannot be modified during the operation process according to environmental changes, resulting in significantly poorer adaptability to new environments, longer learning latency, and higher power consumption compared to the human brain. In contrast, neurobiological circuits can function while simultaneously adapting to changing conditions. Here, we present a brain-inspired Super-Turing AI model based on a synaptic resistor circuit, capable of concurrent real-time inference and learning. Without any prior learning, a circuit of synaptic resistors integrating ferroelectric HfZrO materials was demonstrated to navigate a drone toward a target position while avoiding obstacles in a simulated environment, exhibiting significantly superior learning speed, performance, power consumption, and adaptability compared to computer-based artificial neural networks. Synaptic resistor circuits enable efficient and adaptive Super-Turing AI systems in uncertain and dynamic real-world environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jungmin Lee and Rahul Shenoy and Atharva Deo and Suin Yi and Dawei Gao and David Qiao and Mingjie Xu and Shiva Asapu and Zixuan Rong and Dhruva Nathan and Yong Hei and Dharma Paladugu and Jian-Guo Zheng and J. Joshua Yang and R. Stanley Williams and Qing Wu and Yong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2082}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr2082}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HfZrO-based synaptic resistor circuit for a super-turing intelligent system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A long-lived pool of PINK1 imparts a molecular memory of depolarization-induced activity. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr1938. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Parkinson’s disease–linked kinase, PINK1, is a short-lived protein that undergoes cleavage upon mitochondrial import leading to its proteasomal degradation. Under depolarizing conditions, it accumulates on mitochondria where it becomes activated, phosphorylating both ubiquitin and the ubiquitin E3 ligase Parkin, at Ser 65 . Our experiments reveal that in retinal pigment epithelial cells, only a fraction of PINK1 becomes stabilized after depolarization by electron transport chain inhibitors. Furthermore, the observed accrual of PINK1 cannot be completely accounted for without an accompanying increase in biosynthesis. We have used a ubiquitylation inhibitor TAK-243 to accumulate cleaved PINK1. Under these conditions, generation of unconjugated “free” phospho-ubiquitin serves as a proxy readout for PINK1 activity. This has enabled us to find a preconditioning phenomenon, whereby an initial depolarizing treatment leaves a residual pool of active PINK1 that remains competent to seed the activation of nascent cleaved PINK1 following a 16-hour recovery period.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Liam Pollock and Ioanna Ch. Georgiou and Emma V. Rusilowicz-Jones and Michael J. Clague and Sylvie Urbé}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1938}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr1938}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A long-lived pool of PINK1 imparts a molecular memory of depolarization-induced activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Modulation of blood-tumor barrier transcriptional programs improves intratumoral drug delivery and potentiates chemotherapy in GBM. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr1481. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Efficient drug delivery to glioblastoma (GBM) is a major obstacle as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) prevent passage of the majority of chemotherapies into the brain. Here, we identified a transcriptional 12-gene signature associated with the BTB in GBM. We identified CDH5 as a core molecule in this set and confirmed its expression in GBM vasculature using transcriptomics and immunostaining of patient specimens. The indirubin-derivative, 6-bromoindirubin acetoxime (BIA), down-regulates CDH5 and other BTB signature genes, causing endothelial barrier disruption in vitro and in murine GBM xenograft models. Treatment with BIA increased intratumoral cisplatin accumulation and potentiated DNA damage by targeting DNA repair pathways. Last, using an injectable BIA nanoparticle formulation, PPRX-1701, we significantly improved cisplatin efficacy in murine GBM. Our work reveals potential targets of the BTB and the bifunctional properties of BIA as a BTB modulator and a potentiator of chemotherapy, supporting its further development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jorge L. Jimenez-Macias and Philippa Vaughn-Beaucaire and Ayush Bharati and Zheyun Xu and Megan Forrest and Jason Hong and Michael Sun and Andrea Schmidt and Jasmine Clark and William Hawkins and Noe Mercado and Jacqueline Real and Kelsey Huntington and Mykola Zdioruk and Michal O. Nowicki and Choi-Fong Cho and Bin Wu and Weiyi Li and Theresa Logan and Katherine E. Manz and Kurt D. Pennell and Bogdan I. Fedeles and Paul Bertone and Michael Punsoni and Alexander S. Brodsky and Sean E. Lawler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1481}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr1481}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Modulation of blood-tumor barrier transcriptional programs improves intratumoral drug delivery and potentiates chemotherapy in GBM}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Robust and optimal control of open quantum systems. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr0875. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent advancements in quantum technologies have highlighted the importance of mitigating system imperfections, including parameter uncertainties and decoherence effects, to improve the performance of experimental platforms. However, most of the previous efforts in quantum control are devoted to the realization of arbitrary unitary operations in a closed quantum system. Here, we improve the algorithm that suppresses system imperfections and noises, providing notably enhanced scalability for robust and optimal control of open quantum systems. Through experimental validation in a superconducting quantum circuit, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms its conventional counterpart for closed quantum systems with an ultralow infidelity of about 0.60%, while the complexity of this algorithm exhibits the same scaling, with only a modest increase in the prefactor. This work represents a notable advancement in quantum optimal control techniques, paving the way for realizing quantum-enhanced technologies in practical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zi-Jie Chen and Hongwei Huang and Lida Sun and Qing-Xuan Jie and Jie Zhou and Ziyue Hua and Yifang Xu and Weiting Wang and Guang-Can Guo and Chang-Ling Zou and Luyan Sun and Xu-Bo Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0875}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr0875}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Robust and optimal control of open quantum systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ambient outdoor heat and accelerated epigenetic aging among older adults in the US. SCIADV, 11(9), eadr0616. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extreme heat is well-documented to adversely affect health and mortality, but its link to biological aging—a precursor of the morbidity and mortality process—remains unclear. This study examines the association between ambient outdoor heat and epigenetic aging in a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 56+ ( N = 3686). The number of heat days in neighborhoods is calculated using the heat index, covering time windows from the day of blood collection to 6 years prior. Multilevel regression models are used to predict PCPhenoAge acceleration, PCGrimAge acceleration, and DunedinPACE. More heat days over short- and mid-term windows are associated with increased PCPhenoAge acceleration (e.g., B prior7-dayCaution+heat : 1.07 years). Longer-term heat is associated with all clocks (e.g., B prior1-yearExtremecaution+heat : 2.48 years for PCPhenoAge, B prior1-yearExtremecaution+heat : 1.09 year for PCGrimAge, and B prior6-yearExtremecaution+heat : 0.05 years for DunedinPACE). Subgroup analyses show no strong evidence for increased vulnerability by sociodemographic factors. These findings provide insights into the biological underpinnings linking heat to aging-related morbidity and mortality risks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eun Young Choi and Jennifer A. Ailshire}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0616}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadr0616}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ambient outdoor heat and accelerated epigenetic aging among older adults in the US}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Approaching infinite selectivity in membrane-based aqueous lithium extraction via solid-state ion transport. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq9823. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {As the gap between lithium supply and demand continues to widen, the need to develop ion-selective technologies, which can efficiently extract lithium from unconventional water sources, grows increasingly crucial. In this study, we investigated the fundamentals of applying a solid-state electrolyte (SSE), typically used in battery technologies, as a membrane material for aqueous lithium extraction. We find that the anhydrous hopping of lithium ions through the ordered and confined SSE lattice is highly distinct from ion migration through the hydrated free volumes of conventional nanoporous membranes, thus culminating in unique membrane transport properties. Notably, we reveal that the SSE provides unparalleled performance with respect to ion-ion selectivity, consistently demonstrating lithium ion selectivity values that are immeasurable by even the part-per-billion detection limit of mass spectrometry. Such exceptional selectivity is shown to be the result of the characteristic size and charge exclusion mechanisms of solid-state ion transport, which may be leveraged in the design of next-generation membranes for resource recovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sohum K. Patel and Arpita Iddya and Weiyi Pan and Jianhao Qian and Menachem Elimelech}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9823}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq9823}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Approaching infinite selectivity in membrane-based aqueous lithium extraction via solid-state ion transport}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 13C hyperpolarization with nitrogen-vacancy centers in micro- and nanodiamonds for sensitive magnetic resonance applications. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq6836. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nuclear hyperpolarization is a known method to enhance the signal in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by orders of magnitude. The present work addresses the 13 C hyperpolarization in diamond micro- and nanoparticles, using the optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) to polarize 13 C spins at room temperature. Consequences of the small particle size are mitigated by using a combination of surface treatment improving the 13 C relaxation ( T 1 ) time, as well as that of NV, and applying a technique for NV illumination based on a microphotonic structure. Adjustments to the dynamical nuclear polarization sequence (PulsePol) are performed, as well as slow sample rotation, to improve the NV- 13 C polarization transfer rate. The hyperpolarized 13 C NMR signal is observed in particles of 2-micrometer and 100-nanometer median sizes, with enhancements over the thermal signal (at 0.29-tesla magnetic field) of 1500 and 940, respectively. The present demonstration of room-temperature hyperpolarization anticipates the development of agents based on nanoparticles for sensitive magnetic resonance applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rémi Blinder and Yuliya Mindarava and Martin Korzeczek and Alastair Marshall and Felix Glöckler and Steffen Nothelfer and Alwin Kienle and Christian Laube and Wolfgang Knolle and Christian Jentgens and Martin B. Plenio and Fedor Jelezko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6836}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq6836}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {13C hyperpolarization with nitrogen-vacancy centers in micro- and nanodiamonds for sensitive magnetic resonance applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DET1 dynamics underlie cooperative ubiquitination by CRL4DET1-COP1 complexes. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq4187. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transcription factor ubiquitination is a decisive regulator of growth and development. The DET1-DDB1-DDA1 (DDD) complex associates with the Cullin-4 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4) and a second ubiquitin ligase, COP1, to control ubiquitination of transcription factors involved in neurological, metabolic, and immune cell development. Here, we report the structure of the human DDD complex, revealing a specific segment of DET1 that can recruit ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzymes. Structural variability analysis, mass spectrometry, and mutagenesis based on AlphaFold predictions suggest that dynamic closure of DET1, stabilized by DDA1, underlies coordinated recruitment of E2 enzymes and COP1. Biochemical assays suggest that the E2 acts as a recruitment factor to bring COP1 to DET1 for more effective substrate ubiquitination, which parallels a catalytically inactive E2 enzyme (COP10) in plant DDD complexes. This work provides a clear architecture for regulation and cooperative CRL4 DET1-COP1 complex assembly, which can affect degradation of diverse targets by COP1 complexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abigail E. Burgess and Tarren A. Loughran and Liam S. Turk and Hunter G. Nyvall and Jessica L. Dunlop and Sam A. Jamieson and Jack R. Curry and John E. Burke and Pavel Filipcik and Simon H. J. Brown and Peter D. Mace}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4187}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq4187}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DET1 dynamics underlie cooperative ubiquitination by CRL4DET1-COP1 complexes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Local soft niches in mechanically heterogeneous primary tumors promote brain metastasis via mechanotransduction-mediated HDAC3 activity. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq2881. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tumor cells with organ-specific metastasis traits arise in primary lesions with substantial variations of local niche mechanics owing to intratumoral heterogeneity. However, the roles of mechanically heterogeneous primary tumor microenvironment in metastatic organotropism remain an enigma. This study reports that persistent priming in soft but not stiff niches that mimic primary tumor mechanical heterogeneity induces transcriptional reprogramming reminiscent of neuron and promotes the acquisition of brain metastatic potential. Soft-primed cells generate brain metastases in vivo through enhanced transendothelial migration across blood-brain barrier and brain colonization, which is further supported by the findings that tumor cells residing in local soft niches of primary xenografts exhibit brain metastatic tropism. Mechanistically, soft niches suppress cytoskeleton-nucleus–mediated mechanotransduction, which promotes histone deacetylase 3 activity. Inhibiting histone deacetylase 3 abolishes niche softness-induced brain metastatic ability. Collectively, this study uncovers a previously unappreciated role of local niche softness within primary tumors in brain metastasis, highlighting the significance of primary tumor mechanical heterogeneity in metastatic organotropism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kai Tang and Yufan Zheng and Guanshuo Hu and Ying Xin and Keming Li and Cunyu Zhang and Xi Chen and Bai Zhang and Xueyi Li and Bing Hu and Qiong Jia and Yong-ping Zheng and Mo Yang and Youhua Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2881}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq2881}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Local soft niches in mechanically heterogeneous primary tumors promote brain metastasis via mechanotransduction-mediated HDAC3 activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid and sustained degradation of the essential centrosome protein CEP192 in live mice using the AID2 system. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq2339. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Studying essential genes required for dynamic processes in live mice is challenging as genetic perturbations are irreversible and limited by slow protein depletion kinetics. The auxin-inducible degron (AID) system is a powerful tool for analyzing inducible protein loss in vitro, but it is toxic to mice. Here, we use an optimized second-generation AID system to achieve the conditional and reversible loss of the essential centrosomal protein CEP192 in live mice. We show that the auxin derivative 5-phenyl-indole-3-acetic acid is well tolerated over 2 weeks and drives near-complete CEP192 degradation in less than 1 hour in vivo. CEP192 loss did not affect centriole duplication but decreased γ-tubulin recruitment to centrosomes impairing mitotic spindle assembly. Sustained CEP192 loss in vivo led to cell division failure and cell death in proliferative tissues. Thus, the second-generation AID system is well suited for rapid and/or sustained protein depletion in live mice to study essential functions in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Valentina C. Sladky and Margaret A. Strong and Daniel Tapias-Gomez and Cayla E. Jewett and Chelsea G. Drown and Phillip M. Scott and Andrew J. Holland}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2339}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq2339}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid and sustained degradation of the essential centrosome protein CEP192 in live mice using the AID2 system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Organoid drug profiling identifies methotrexate as a therapy for SCCOHT, a rare pediatric cancer. SCIADV, 11(9), eadq1724. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare and lethal tumor in adolescent and young adult patients. Now, there is no standard-of-care treatment for these patients. Reliable models that represent this disease and can be used for translational research are scarce. To model SCCOHTs, we have established eight patient-derived tumoroid lines from tumor lesions of three patients with SCCOHT. The tumoroids recapitulate genomic and transcriptomic characteristics of the corresponding patient tumors and capture intrapatient tumor heterogeneity. Organoid drug profiling using a library of 153 clinical compounds identified methotrexate as an effective and selective drug against SCCOHTs with a clinically relevant IC 50 of 35 nanomolars. RNA sequencing demonstrated that methotrexate induced TP53 pathway activation and apoptosis. These data underscore that organoid technology can support the design of therapeutic strategies for rare cancers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Seok-Young Kim and Tamar A. E. de Weert and Marijn Vermeulen and Femke Ringnalda and Lennart Kester and Jozsef Zsiros and Selma Eising and Jan J. Molenaar and Karin Sanders and Marc van de Wetering and Hans Clevers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1724}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadq1724}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Organoid drug profiling identifies methotrexate as a therapy for SCCOHT, a rare pediatric cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemogenetic activation of microglial gi signaling decreases microglial surveillance and impairs neuronal synchronization. SCIADV, 11(9), eado7829. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microglia actively survey the brain and dynamically interact with neurons to maintain brain homeostasis. Microglial Gi protein–coupled receptors (Gi-GPCRs) play a critical role in microglia-neuron communications. However, the impact of temporally activating microglial Gi signaling on microglial dynamics and neuronal activity in the homeostatic brain remains largely unknown. In this study, we used Gi-based designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (Gi-DREADD) to selectively and temporally modulate microglial Gi signaling pathway. By integrating this chemogenetic approach with in vivo two-photon imaging, we observed that exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling transiently inhibited microglial process dynamics, reduced neuronal activity, and impaired neuronal synchronization. These altered neuronal functions were associated with a decrease in interactions between microglia and neuron somata. Together, this study demonstrates that acute, exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling regulates neuronal circuit function, offering a potential pharmacological target for the neuromodulation through microglia.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shunyi Zhao and Lingxiao Wang and Dimitrios Kleidonas and Fangfang Qi and Yue Liang and Jiaying Zheng and Anthony D. Umpierre and Long-Jun Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7829}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eado7829}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemogenetic activation of microglial gi signaling decreases microglial surveillance and impairs neuronal synchronization}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Terahertz broadband one-way transparency with spontaneous magnon decay. SCIADV, 11(9), eado6783. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonreciprocity is a phenomenon in which broken spatial inversion symmetry appears on a macroscopic scale and is an essential issue in condensed matter physics. Directional dichroism is the nonreciprocal phenomenon of light; the light transmittance varies depending on the direction of light propagation. It arises from interference between electromagnetic fields of light, resulting in the nonreciprocal transmittance determined by the resonance light absorption. For the maximum interference, it shows one-way transparency, and achieving this is an outstanding experimental challenge. Concerning energy dispersion, the resonance generally occurs only at a specific energy with a narrow bandwidth. When the excited state of the magnon spontaneously decays into lower energy states, the absorption linewidth gets broader. Here, using electron spin resonance, we identify the specific absorption mode in a multiferroic material Sr 2 CoSi 2 O 7 with the spontaneous magnon decay accompanied by the maximum interference, achieving the broadband one-way transparency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mitsuru Akaki and Masashige Matsumoto and Yasuo Narumi and Susumu Okubo and Hitoshi Ohta and Masayuki Hagiwara}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6783}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eado6783}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Terahertz broadband one-way transparency with spontaneous magnon decay}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). When the wild things are: Defining mammalian diel activity and plasticity. SCIADV, 11(9), eado3843. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Circadian rhythms are a mechanism by which species adapt to environmental variability and fundamental to understanding species behavior. However, we lack data and a standardized framework to accurately assess and compare temporal activity for species during rapid ecological change. Through a global network representing 38 countries, we leveraged 8.9 million mammalian observations to create a library of 14,587 standardized diel activity estimates for 445 species. We found that less than half the species’ estimates were in agreement with diel classifications from the reference literature and that species commonly used more than one diel classification. Species diel activity was highly plastic when exposed to anthropogenic change. Furthermore, body size and distributional extent were strongly associated with whether a species is diurnal or nocturnal. Our findings provide essential knowledge of species behavior in an era of rapid global change and suggest the need for a new, quantitative framework that defines diel activity logically and consistently while capturing species plasticity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kadambari Devarajan and Mason Fidino and Zach J. Farris and Solny A. Adalsteinsson and Gabriel Andrade-Ponce and Julia L. Angstmann and Whitney Anthonysamy and Jesica Aquino and Addisu Asefa and Belen Avila and Larissa L. Bailey and Lyandra Maria de Sousa Barbosa and Marcela de Frias Barreto and Owain Barton and Chloe E. Bates and Mayara Guimarães Beltrão and Tori Bird and Elizabeth G. Biro and Francesco Bisi and Daniel Bohórquez and Mark Boyce and Justin S. Brashares and Grace Bullington and Phoebe Burns and Jessica Burr and Andrew R. Butler and Kendall L. Calhoun and Tien Trung Cao and Natalia Casado and Juan Camilo Cepeda-Duque and Jonathon D. Cepek and Adriano Garcia Chiarello and Merri Collins and Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela and Sebastian Costa and Giacomo Cremonesi and Bogdan Cristescu and Paula Cruz and Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque and Carlos De Angelo and Cláudia Bueno de Campos and Liana Mara Mendes de Sena and Mario Di Bitetti and Douglas de Matos Dias and Duane Diefenbach and Tim S. Doherty and Thais P. dos Santos and Gabriela Teixeira Duarte and Timothy M. Eppley and John Erb and Carolina Franco Esteves and Bryn Evans and Maria L. M. Falcão and Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira and John R. Fieberg and Luiz Carlos Firmino de Souza Filho and Jason Fisher and Marie-Josee Fortin and George A. Gale and Travis Gallo and Laken S. Ganoe and Rony Garcia-Anleu and Kaitlyn M. Gaynor and Tiziana A. Gelmi-Candusso and Phillys N. Gichuru and Quimey Gomez and Austin M. Green and Luiza Neves Guimarães and Jeffrey D. Haight and Lavendar R. Harris and Zachary D. Hawn and Jordan Heiman and Huy Quoc Hoang and Sarah Huebner and Fabiola Iannarilli and María Eugenia Iezzi and Jacob S. Ivan and Kodi J. Jaspers and Mark J. Jordan and Jason Kamilar and Mamadou Kane and Mohammad Hosein Karimi and Marcella Kelly and Michel T. Kohl and William P. KuvleskyJr. and Andrew Ladle and Rachel N. Larson and Quy Tan Le and Duy Le and Van Son Le and Elizabeth W. Lehrer and Patrick E. Lendrum and Jesse Lewis and Andrés Link and Diego J. Lizcano and Jason V. Lombardi and Robert Long and Eva López-Tello and Camile Lugarini and David Lugo and Paula MacKay and Maria Madadi and Rodolfo Assis Magalhães and Seth B. Magle and Ludmila Hufnagel Regis Diniz Maia and Salvador Mandujano and Taisiia Marchenkova and Paulo Henrique Marinho and Laurie Marker and Julia Martinez Pardo and Adriano Martinoli and Rodrigo Lima Massara and Juliana Masseloux and Dina Matiukhina and Amy Mayer and Luis Mazariegos and Maureen R. McClung and Alex McInturff and Darby McPhail and Amy Mertl and Christopher R. Middaugh and David Miller and David Mills and Dale Miquelle and Vivianna Miritis and Remington J. Moll and Péter Molnár and Robert A. Montgomery and Toni Lyn Morelli and Alessio Mortelliti and Rachael I. Mueller and Anna S. Mukhacheva and Kayleigh Mullen and Asia Murphy and Vance Nepomuceno and Dusit Ngoprasert and An Nguyen and Thanh Van Nguyen and Van Thai Nguyen and Hoa Anh Nguyen Quang and Rob Nipko and Ana Clarissa Costa Nobre and Joseph Northrup and Megan A. Owen and Adriano Pereira Paglia and Meredith S. Palmer and Gabriela Palomo-Munoz and Lain E. Pardo and Chrystina Parks and Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal and Brent Patterson and Agustin Paviolo and Liba Pejchar and Mary E. Pendergast and Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso and Timofei Petrov and Mairi K. P. Poisson and Daiana Jeronimo Polli and Morteza Pourmirzai and Alexander Reebin and Katie R. Remine and Lindsey Rich and Christopher S. Richardson and Facundo Robino and Daniel G. Rocha and Fabiana Lopes Rocha and Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues and Adam T. Rohnke and Travis J. Ryan and Carmen M. Salsbury and Heather A. Sander and Nadia Maria da Cruz Santos-Cavalcante and Cagan H. Sekercioglu and Ivan Seryodkin and Dede Hendra Setiawan and Shabnam Shadloo and Mahsa Shahhosseini and Graeme Shannon and Catherine J. Shier and G. Bradley Smith and Tom Snyder and Rahel Sollmann and Kimberly L. Sparks and Kriangsak Sribuarod and Colleen C. St. Clair and Theodore Stankowich and Robert Steinmetz and Cassondra J. Stevenson and Sunarto Sunarto and Thilina D. Surasinghe and Svetlana V. Sutyrina and Ronald R. Swaisgood and Atie Taktehrani and Kanchan Thapa and Matthew Thorton and Andrew Tilker and Mathias W. Tobler and Van Bang Tran and Jody Tucker and Russell C. Van Horn and Juan S. Vargas-Soto and Karen L. Velásquez-C and Jan Venter and Eduardo M. Venticinque and Stijn Verschueren and Erin Wampole and Darcy J Watchorn and Oliver R. Wearn and Katherine C.B. Weiss and Alejandro Welschen and Febri Anggriawan Widodo and Jacque Williamson and Andreas Wilting and George Wittemyer and Arturo Zavaleta and Amanda J. Zellmer and Brian D. Gerber}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado3843}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eado3843}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {When the wild things are: Defining mammalian diel activity and plasticity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Coordinating interleukin-2 encoding circRNA with immunomodulatory lipid nanoparticles to potentiate cancer immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(9), eadn7256. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine vital for CD8 + T cell activation and proliferation, holding great potential for cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, inherent shortcomings of short half-life, activation of regulatory T (T reg ) cells, and systemic toxicity limit its application. To tackle these, a circular RNA (cRNA)–based IL-2 therapy using immunomodulatory lipid nanoparticles [ursodeoxycholic acid lipid nanoparticles (ULNPs)] and sustained-release hydrogel was developed. Fusing fragment crystallizable (Fc) region into IL-2 and encoding this fusion protein IL-2-Fc (IL-2F) in cRNA (cRNA IL-2F ) greatly extend the half-life. ULNPs containing ursodeoxycholic acid, a transforming growth factor-β1 inhibitor, suppress the function of T reg cells. Consequently, the ULNPs-cRNA IL-2F formulation promotes CD8 + T cells and suppresses T reg cells, increasing the CD8 + /T reg ratio for effective immunotherapy. Furthermore, a locally administrated hydrogel loading with ULNPs-cRNA IL-2F sustains the release, enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity. This innovative approach achieves remarkable tumor inhibition in both melanoma and orthotopic glioma models with or without surgery, offering a promising future for cancer immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kai Yang and Bing Bai and Xiaomei Li and Wei Rou and Cheng Huang and Meixin Lu and Xueyan Zhang and Chunbo Dong and Shaolong Qi and Zhida Liu and Guocan Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn7256}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {9}, pages = {eadn7256}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Coordinating interleukin-2 encoding circRNA with immunomodulatory lipid nanoparticles to potentiate cancer immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Development of oil-based gels as versatile drug delivery systems for pediatric applications” by a. r. kirtane et al.. SCIADV, 11(8), eadw3682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of Fig. 2H in the Research Article “Development of oil-based gels as versatile drug delivery systems for pediatric applications” by A. R. Kirtane et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadw3682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Development of oil-based gels as versatile drug delivery systems for pediatric applications” by a. r. kirtane et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Hypersensitive meta-crack strain sensor for real-time biomedical monitoring” by j.-h. lee et al.. SCIADV, 11(8), eadw3463. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There was an error in the originally published version of Fig. 2 in the Research Article “Hypersensitive meta-crack strain sensor for real-time biomedical monitoring” by J.-H. Lee et al.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3463}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadw3463}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Hypersensitive meta-crack strain sensor for real-time biomedical monitoring” by j.-h. lee et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nitrene-mediated glycosylation with thioglycoside donors under metal catalysis. SCIADV, 11(8), eadu7747. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glycosylation chemistry plays a pivotal role in glycoscience. Recent substantial developments have poised the field to address emerging challenges related to sustainability, cost efficiency, and robust applicability in complex substrate settings. The transition from stoichiometric activation to metal-catalyzed methods promises enhanced chemoselectivity and greater precision in controlling glycosidic bond breakage and formation, key to overcoming existing obstacles. Here, we report a nitrene-mediated glycosylation strategy using regular aryl sulfide glycosyl donors and easily accessible 3-methyl dioxazolone as an activator under the catalysis of iron or ruthenium. The iron-catalyzed system demonstrates exceptional catalytic reactivity, requiring as little as 0.1 mole % of catalyst at room temperature, and works well for complex peptide substrates. The ruthenium-catalyzed system can accommodate acid-sensitive functional groups and challenging low-reactivity acceptors. Mechanistic investigations have unveiled unusual multistep pathways involving sulfur imidation of sulfide donors via nitrene transfer and sulfur-to-oxygen rearrangement of N -acyl sulfilimines for the nitrene-mediated activation of sulfide donors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ziqian Bai and Zenghui Wei and Shiyang Zhu and Gang He and Hao Wang and Gong Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7747}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadu7747}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nitrene-mediated glycosylation with thioglycoside donors under metal catalysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct ionic stress sensing and mitigation by the transcription factor NFAT5. SCIADV, 11(8), eadu3194. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Rising temperatures and water scarcity caused by climate change are increasingly exposing our cells and tissues to ionic stress, a consequence of elevated cytoplasmic ionic strength that can disrupt protein, organelle, and genome function. Here, we unveil a single-protein mechanism for ionic strength sensing and mitigation in animal cells, one that is notably different from the analogous high osmolarity glycerol kinase cascade in yeast. The Rel family transcription factor NFAT5 directly senses intracellular ionic strength using a C-terminal prion-like domain (PLD). In response to elevated intracellular ionic strength, this PLD is necessary and sufficient to coordinate an adaptive gene expression program by recruiting the transcriptional coactivator BRD4. The purified NFAT5 PLD forms condensates in response to elevated solution ionic strength in vitro, and human NFAT5 alone is sufficient to reconstitute a mammalian transcriptional response to ionic stress in yeast. We propose that ion-sensitive conformational changes in a PLD directly regulate transcription to maintain ionic strength homeostasis in animal cells.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chandni B. Khandwala and Parijat Sarkar and H. Broder Schmidt and Mengxiao Ma and Ganesh V. Pusapati and Frederic Lamoliatte and Maia Kinnebrew and Bhaven B. Patel and Desiree Tillo and Andres M. Lebensohn and Rajat Rohatgi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3194}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadu3194}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct ionic stress sensing and mitigation by the transcription factor NFAT5}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial translation regulates terminal erythroid differentiation by maintaining iron homeostasis. SCIADV, 11(8), eadu3011. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondrial tRNA taurine modifications mediated by mitochondrial tRNA translation optimization 1 ( Mto1 ) is essential for the mitochondrial protein translation. Mto1 deficiency was shown to induce proteostress in embryonic stem cells. A recent finding that a patient with MTO1 gene mutation showed severe anemia led us to hypothesize that Mto1 dysfunctions may result in defective erythropoiesis. Hematopoietic-specific Mto1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice were embryonic lethal and showed niche-independent defect in erythroblast proliferation and terminal differentiation. Mechanistically, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes were severely impaired in the Mto1 cKO fetal liver, and this was followed by cytosolic iron accumulation. Overloaded cytosolic iron promoted heme biosynthesis, which induced an unfolded protein response (UPR) in Mto1 cKO erythroblasts. An iron chelator or UPR inhibitor rescued erythroid terminal differentiation in the Mto1 cKO fetal liver in vitro. This mitochondrial regulation of iron homeostasis revealed the indispensable role of mitochondrial tRNA modification in fetal hematopoiesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tatsuya Morishima and Md. Fakruddin and Yohei Kanamori and Takeshi Masuda and Akiko Ogawa and Yuxin Wang and Vivien A. C. Schoonenberg and Falk Butter and Yuichiro Arima and Takaaki Akaike and Toshiro Moroishi and Kazuhito Tomizawa and Toshio Suda and Fan-Yan Wei and Hitoshi Takizawa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu3011}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadu3011}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial translation regulates terminal erythroid differentiation by maintaining iron homeostasis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploring molecular superfluidity in hydrogen clusters. SCIADV, 11(8), eadu1093. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) has long been predicted to exhibit superfluidity—a state of zero viscosity—at extremely low temperatures. However, its existence remains under debate despite several experimental reports. In this study, we investigated the infrared transitions of methane embedded in clusters of parahydrogen molecules at 0.4 K using high-resolution helium nanodroplet spectroscopy. Our results revealed fully quantized rotational states of methane with minimal interference from surrounding H 2 molecules, enabling precise determination of the rotational constant for each hydrogen cluster. The cluster-size dependence of the determined rotational constant aligns with behavior predicted by path-integral Monte Carlo simulations, indicating that more than 60% of the hydrogen molecules in the clusters participate in quantum bosonic exchanges, a characteristic feature of superfluidity. This work provides strong experimental evidence for the existence of a superfluid phase of molecular hydrogen at 0.4 K, representing a major step forward in understanding quantum behaviors in molecular systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hatsuki Otani and Susumu Kuma and Shinichi Miura and Majd Mustafa and Jeff C. W. Lee and Pavle Djuricanin and Takamasa Momose}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu1093}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadu1093}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploring molecular superfluidity in hydrogen clusters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Simultaneous transmission of information and key exchange using the same photonic quantum states. SCIADV, 11(8), eadt4627. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum communication realizes information-theoretic security using photonic quantum states, for example, quantum secure direct communication (QSDC), which can achieve secure and reliable communication in a channel with both noise and eavesdroppers. However, QSDC suffers from large losses and short communication distances, thus being impractical for applications. Here, we have proposed a one-way quasi-QSDC protocol with single photons. This protocol enables the simultaneous transmission of information and key exchange using the same single photons and is robust against loss and error because it uses error correction and spectrum expansion techniques. In a proof-of-principle demonstration using weak coherent pulses, the system achieved a real-time secure transmission rate of 2.38 kilobits per second over a 104.8-kilometer standard telecommunication fiber, which set world records in both aspects. This system paved the way for the practical application of QSDC and offers a unique method to detect eavesdropping online, which is crucial in certain circumstances.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dong Pan and Yu-Chen Liu and Penghao Niu and Haoran Zhang and Feihao Zhang and Min Wang and Xiao-Tian Song and Xiuwei Chen and Chao Zheng and Gui-Lu Long}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4627}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadt4627}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Simultaneous transmission of information and key exchange using the same photonic quantum states}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The rise of algae promoted eukaryote predation in the neoproterozoic benthos. SCIADV, 11(8), eadt2147. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The proliferation of marine algae in the Neoproterozoic Era is thought to have stimulated the ecology of predatory microbial eukaryotes. To test this proposal, we introduced algal particulate matter (APM) to marine sediments underlying a modern marine oxygen minimum zone with bottom-water oxygen concentrations approximating those of the late Neoproterozoic water column. We found that under anoxia, APM significantly stimulated microbial eukaryote gene expression, particularly genes involved in anaerobic energy metabolism and phagocytosis, and increased the relative abundance of 18 S rRNA from known predatory clades. We additionally confirmed that APM promoted the reproduction of benthic foraminifera under anoxia with higher-than-expected net growth efficiencies. Overall, our findings suggest that algal biomass exported to the Neoproterozoic benthos stimulated the ecology of benthic predatory protists under anoxia, thereby creating more modern food webs by enhancing the transfer of fixed carbon and energy to eukaryotes occupying higher trophic levels, including the earliest benthic metazoans.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel B. Mills and Aurèle Vuillemin and Katharina Muschler and Ömer K. Coskun and William D. Orsi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2147}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadt2147}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The rise of algae promoted eukaryote predation in the neoproterozoic benthos}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Overcoming the data limitations in landslide susceptibility modeling. SCIADV, 11(8), eadt1541. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Data-driven models widely used for assessing landslide susceptibility are severely limited by the landslide and environmental data needed to create them. They rely on inventories of past landslide locations, which are difficult to collect and often nonrepresentative. Furthermore, susceptibility maps are most needed in regions without the means to assemble an inventory. To overcome these challenges, we develop a method for assessing shallow landslide susceptibility based on a probabilistic morphometric analysis of the landscape’s topography, rather than the characteristics of landslides. The model assumes that hillslopes with higher relief and gradient compared to the surrounding landscape are more prone to landslides. We demonstrate the superior performance of this approach over contrasting data-driven models across the northwestern United States. As our morphometric model only requires elevation data, it overcomes the major limitations of data-driven models and facilitates the creation of effective susceptibility models in areas where it was previously unfeasible.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob B. Woodard and Benjamin B. Mirus}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1541}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadt1541}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Overcoming the data limitations in landslide susceptibility modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metal-to-metal charge transfer for stabilizing high-voltage redox in lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes. SCIADV, 11(8), eadt0232. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Apart from conventional redox chemistries, exploring high-voltage anionic redox processes, such as pure oxygen or high-valent transition metal ion redox, poses challenges due to the instability of O nonbonding or O-dominant energy states. These states are associated with destructive behaviors in layered oxide cathodes, including local structural distortion, cationic disordering, and oxygen gas evolution. In this study, we suppress first-cycle voltage hysteresis and irreversible O 2 evolution in Li-rich oxide cathodes through covalency competition induced by the substitution of electropositive groups. We found that the nonequivalent electron distribution within an asymmetric M A -O-M B backbone (metal-to-metal charge transfer via oxygen ligands) increases electron density on electronegative transition metal ions, preventing them from reaching unstable oxidation states within an operating voltage range. This phenomenon is observed across diverse transition metal combinations, providing insights into controlling unnecessary oxygen redox activity. Our findings open new avenues for controlling intrinsic redox chemistry and enabling the rational design of high–energy density Li-rich oxide cathodes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min-Ho Kim and Haeseong Jang and Eunryeol Lee and Jeongwoo Seo and Jaehyun Park and Ahreum Choi and Taewon Kim and Myeongjun Choi and Euna Kim and Yeong Hwa Jung and Seok Ju Kang and Jaephil Cho and Yuzhang Li and Min Gyu Kim and Dong-Hwa Seo and Hyun-Wook Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0232}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadt0232}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metal-to-metal charge transfer for stabilizing high-voltage redox in lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Removal of toxic steroidal glycoalkaloids and bitterness in tomato is controlled by a complex epigenetic and genetic network. SCIADV, 11(8), eads9601. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) produced in Solanaceae crops, including tomato, are antinutritional because of their cellular toxicity and resultant bitter taste to humans. To make fruits palatable, SGA profiles shift from bitter and toxic α-tomatine to nonbitter and nontoxic esculeoside A during the ripening process. However, the mechanisms regulating this conversion remain unclear. In this study, we showed that removal of toxic and bitter SGAs is under the control of DNA demethylation, ethylene, and key transcription factors by forming a feedback loop that governs the expression of key GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM ( GAME ) genes during ripening. Moreover, the ethylene-inducible transcription factors NON-RIPENING, RIPENING INHIBITOR, and FRUITFULL1 coordinately regulate the expression of GAME31 , GAME40 , GAME5 , and the glycoalkaloid transporter gene GORKY , whereas jasmonic acid–induced MYC2 modulates the transcription of GAME36 . Furthermore, DNA demethylation mediated by the DEMETER - LIKE 2 drives SGA detoxification during tomato domestication.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Bai and Mengbo Wu and Wei Huang and Weijie Xu and Yikui Wang and Yang Zhang and Zhenhui Zhong and Yiguo Hong and Julien Pirrello and Mondher Bouzayen and Mingchun Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9601}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads9601}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Removal of toxic steroidal glycoalkaloids and bitterness in tomato is controlled by a complex epigenetic and genetic network}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Immunogenic cryptic peptides dominate the antigenic landscape of ovarian cancer. SCIADV, 11(8), eads7405. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Increased infiltration of CD3 + and CD8 + T cells into ovarian cancer (OC) is linked to better prognosis, but the specific antigens involved are unclear. Recent reports suggest that HLA class I can present peptides from noncoding genomic regions, known as noncanonical or cryptic peptides, but their immunogenicity is underexplored. To address this, we used immunopeptidomic analysis and RNA sequencing on five metastatic OC samples, which identified 311 cryptic peptides (40 to 83 per patient). Despite comprising less than 1% of total peptides, cryptic peptides from noncoding transcripts emerged as the predominant antigen class when compared to the other major classes of known tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens in OC samples. Notably, nearly 70% of the prioritized cryptic peptides elicited T cell activation, as evidenced by increased 4-1BB and IFN-γ expression in autologous CD8 + T cells. This study reveals noncoding cryptic peptides as an important class of immunogenic antigens in OC.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Remya Raja and Kiran K. Mangalaparthi and Anil K. Madugundu and Erik Jessen and Latha Pathangey and Paul Magtibay and Kristina Butler and Elizabeth Christie and Akhilesh Pandey and Marion Curtis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7405}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads7405}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Immunogenic cryptic peptides dominate the antigenic landscape of ovarian cancer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonreciprocal chirality conversion in spatiotemporal evolutions of nematic colloidal entanglement. SCIADV, 11(8), eads7281. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In soft matter systems, there is a wealth of topological phenomena, such as singular disclination lines and nonsingular defects of skyrmions and hopfions. In a liquid crystal (LC), the topological nature of disclination lines and colloids induces chiral colloidal entanglements. How the chirality of the entanglements is deterministically created and how the chirality conversion is actuated in the disclinations with Möbius strip topology have never been explored. Here, we create colloidal entanglements with designed chirality in the nematic disclination loops with Möbius topology. An irreversible process of chirality change is revealed if we move the colloidal entanglement along the loops. A nonreciprocal chirality conversion in the dynamical colloidal entanglements is demonstrated, which is induced by the interplay between topological profiles and the geometrical curvature of the disclination loop. Colloidal entanglements in opposite chirality are templated in arbitrary shapes of disclination lines. This work opens opportunities to design smart colloidal materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Zhang and Wentao Tang and Zhawure Asilehan and Zijun Chen and Qingtian Shi and Fernando Vergara and Jinghua Jiang and Rui Zhang and Chenhui Peng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7281}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads7281}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonreciprocal chirality conversion in spatiotemporal evolutions of nematic colloidal entanglement}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deformation-tolerant, wireless-charging microbatteries for seamlessly integrated omnidirectional stretchable electronics. SCIADV, 11(8), eads6892. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wireless-charging in-plane microbatteries (MBs) with conformal shape and high-capacity hold substantial promise in advancing the practical applications of complexly configured electronic devices. However, integrating these MBs seamlessly with flexible electronic system remains a challenge as it requires a rational structure design and reasonable materials engineering for the micropower system, ensuring both high compatibility and robust mechanical stability. Here, we present stretchable and wireless-charging dual-plating MBs that integrate seamlessly into circuits through an omnidirectional stretch-contraction strategy coupled with mask-assisted printing. The strain-induced folding structures and no active-material design endow the wireless-charging MBs with reliable deformation-tolerant capabilities, which can sustain ~200% omnidirectional strains and have advantages of an order of magnitude in terms of power and energy densities, compared to the existing in-plane MBs. With the exceptional compatible and elastic properties, a wirelessly charging stretchable display integrated circuit and even intelligent electronic skin are achieved, capable of mimicking human touch to sense the weight, temperature, and shape of objects.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ying Wang and Yang Zhao and Li Yu and Jinguo Lin and Chunlong Dai and Bing Lu and Xiangyang Li and Xuting Jin and Chang Gao and Feng Liu and Lan Jiang and Liangti Qu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6892}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads6892}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deformation-tolerant, wireless-charging microbatteries for seamlessly integrated omnidirectional stretchable electronics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sequence-dependent scale for translocon-mediated insertion of interfacial helices in membranes. SCIADV, 11(8), eads6804. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological membranes consist of a lipid bilayer studded with integral and peripheral membrane proteins. Most α-helical membrane proteins require protein-conducting insertases known as translocons to assist in their membrane insertion and folding. While the sequence-dependent propensities for a helix to either translocate through the translocon or insert into the membrane have been codified into numerical hydrophobicity scales, the corresponding propensity to partition into the membrane interface remains unrevealed. By engineering diagnostic glycosylation sites around test peptide sequences inserted into a host protein, we devised a system that can differentiate between water-soluble, surface-bound, and transmembrane (TM) states of the sequence based on its glycosylation pattern. Using this system, we determined the sequence-dependent propensities for transfer from the translocon to a TM, interfacial, or extramembrane space and compared these propensities with the corresponding probability distributions determined from the sequences and structures of experimentally determined proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brayan Grau and Rian Kormos and Manuel Bañó-Polo and Kehan Chen and María J. García-Murria and Fatlum Hajredini and Manuel M. Sánchez del Pino and Hyunil Jo and Luis Martínez-Gil and Gunnar von Heijne and William F. DeGrado and Ismael Mingarro}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6804}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads6804}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sequence-dependent scale for translocon-mediated insertion of interfacial helices in membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomic sn–incorporated subnanopore-rich hard carbon host for highly reversible quasi-metallic li storage. SCIADV, 11(8), eads6483. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The practical application of Li metal anodes has been hindered by severely irreversible side reactions for low Coulombic efficiency, uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites, and large volume change. Herein, we report subnanopore-rich carbon spheres encapsulated with Sn single atoms (Sn/CS@SC) as a Li host to address these challenges. Owing to the high Li affinity of Sn single atoms, Sn/CS@SC can promote storage of quasi-metallic Li within the inner void space other than direct plating of metallic Li on the outer surface. Moreover, the subnanopores with a strong spatial confinement effect can prevent the penetration of ester electrolyte for reduced side reactions. As expected, the Sn/CS@SC host demonstrates a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% over 600 cycles. Moreover, a full cell using a prelithiated Sn/CS@SC anode and LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 cathode shows high capacity retention (~80%) over 500 cycles at high current density.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tong Jin and Xin Yu Zhang and Shuai Yuan and Le Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6483}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads6483}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomic sn–incorporated subnanopore-rich hard carbon host for highly reversible quasi-metallic li storage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexible circuit-free system via passive modulated ultrasound for wireless thoracic pressure monitoring. SCIADV, 11(8), eads5634. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Implantable medical devices (IMDs) provide effective medical solutions for diverse health care applications. Electrical circuits are crucial for implantable devices due to the requirement of intended functions, such as communication with external devices. Circuits have several risks, such as biocompatibility issues, power limitations, or size constraints. In this work, we propose a passive modulated ultrasound (PMU) principle for IMDs and develop a circuit-free ultrasonic system (CUS) for thoracic pressure monitoring. The PMU principle can passively modulate monitored physiological signals into ultrasound pulses without using electrical circuits or power supply. The size of the developed CUS is only 2.5 millimeters in radius and 850 micrometers in height. Animal experiments demonstrated that the CUS, with a high sensitivity (−22.96 millivolts per kilopascal), can monitor thoracic pressure to assist in diagnosing different heart diseases, including cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction. The PMU provides a human-friendly wireless sensing and communication strategy for IMDs, which promotes advancements in health care applications within the human body.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Muyao Wang and Lu Jia and Xinyuan Jia and Haicheng Li and Xue Feng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5634}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads5634}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexible circuit-free system via passive modulated ultrasound for wireless thoracic pressure monitoring}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hybrid electromagnetic toroidal vortices. SCIADV, 11(8), eads4797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The ubiquitous occurrence of toroidal vortices, or vortex rings, in fluid dynamics scenarios in nature has garnered notable attention in the scientific community, while their electromagnetic counterparts have only been proposed recently with two distinct manifestations: vector toroidal pulses and scalar phase toroidal vortices. Herein, we theoretically propose a form of electromagnetic toroidal vortex solutions that uniquely integrates both scalar and vector characteristics, challenging the prevailing notion of their mutual exclusivity. We also present an experimental generation of hybrid toroidal vortex pulses by a compact coaxial horn emitter augmented with a radial metasurface. These topological pulses exhibit peculiar electromagnetic features, such as vortex streets, skyrmions, and transverse orbital angular momentum, and may present advantages when propagating through perturbations, opening avenues for enhanced free-space information transmission, topologically nontrivial light-matter interaction, and microscopy techniques.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ren Wang and Beier Ying and Shuai Shi and Junsong Wang and Bing-Zhong Wang and Musheng Liang and Yijie Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads4797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hybrid electromagnetic toroidal vortices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Sequential multidimensional heteroepitaxy of chalcogen-sharing 3D ZnSe and 2D MoSe2 with quasi van der waals interface engineering. SCIADV, 11(8), eads4573. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Two-dimensional (2D) materials are emerging as a promising platform for epitaxial growth, largely free from the constraints of lattice constant and thermal expansion coefficient mismatches. Among them, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), known for their superior electrical properties, are ideal for ultrathin semiconductor applications. Their unique epitaxial characteristics enable seamless integration with 3D materials, facilitating the development of gate stacks and heterojunction devices. In this regard, developing a process for growing high-quality 3D epitaxial materials before and after the growth of 2D TMDs and understanding the 2D/3D interface are crucial. This study demonstrates the sequential growth of fully epitaxial ZnSe/MoSe 2 /ZnSe heterostructures using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. ZnSe and MoSe 2 , sharing chalcogen elements, enable large-area quasi van der Waals epitaxy with sharp interfaces without intermediate phase. Multiscale analysis involving transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory calculation reveals lattice commensurability, van der Waals gaps, termination, and interfacial reconstruction. Understanding these interactions is crucial for advancing multidimensional integration of 2D and 3D materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suhyun Kim and Saeyoung Oh and Seung Jae Kwak and Gichang Noh and Minhyuk Choi and Jaehyun Lee and Yuseok Kim and Min-gyu Kim and Tae Soo Kim and Min-kyung Jo and Won Bo Lee and Jinkyoung Yoo and Young Joon Hong and Seungwoo Song and Joon Young Kwak and YongJoo Kim and Hu Young Jeong and Kibum Kang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4573}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads4573}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Sequential multidimensional heteroepitaxy of chalcogen-sharing 3D ZnSe and 2D MoSe2 with quasi van der waals interface engineering}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microenvironment perturbations driving methanol low-temperature conversion over zeolite. SCIADV, 11(8), eads4018. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Compared to methanol, dimethyl ether (DME) is a more ideal and attractive raw material for industrial applications. Typically, the industrially zeolite-catalyzed methanol dehydration to DME occurs at temperatures above 423 kelvin. Improving catalytic reactivity and reducing energy consumption are urgently needed but remain challenging. Here, we report an unexplored associative strategy to realize DME formation at room temperature and the generation of olefins even at 413 kelvin, which is achieved by coinjecting basic acetone to manipulate the local chemical microenvironment of the methanol reactant inside the H-ZSM-5 zeolite. The crucial role of acetone in accelerating methanol direct dehydration to DME is highlighted as the obvious destabilization effect for the adsorbed methanol cluster with strong hydrogen bonds and the subsequent traction of water during DME formation. These findings offer more insights into the rational design of reaction systems by manipulating the local surroundings to regulate catalytic performances and should represent a large step forward in methanol conversion technology.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fengqing Liu and Xianfeng Yi and Tangkang Liu and Wei Chen and Jiabao Yang and Yao Xiao and Yucai Qin and Lijuan Song and Anmin Zheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4018}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads4018}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microenvironment perturbations driving methanol low-temperature conversion over zeolite}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Polarization-entangled bell state generation from an epsilon-near-zero metasurface. SCIADV, 11(8), eads3576. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pairs of polarization-entangled photons are important for diverse quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, computation, and imaging. However, generating complex polarization-entangled states has long been constrained by the available nonlinear susceptibility tensor of natural materials, necessitating cumbersome setups for additional coherent superposition or postselection. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the generation of pairs of polarization-entangled photons using a plasmonic metasurface strongly coupled to an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. By engineering a resonance at the pump wavelength and leveraging the field enhancement provided by the ENZ effect, the photon pair generation efficiency of the 68-nanometer-thick metasurface is substantially boosted compared to that of an unpatterned indium tin oxide film. More notably, the ENZ metasurface platform facilitates versatile manipulation of the system’s anisotropic second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, enabling direct control over the polarization states of the photon pairs and generating a polarization-entangled Bell state without additional components. This approach enables simultaneous photon pair generation and quantum state engineering in a compact platform.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenhe Jia and Grégoire Saerens and Ülle-Linda Talts and Helena Weigand and Robert J. Chapman and Liu Li and Rachel Grange and Yuanmu Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3576}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads3576}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Polarization-entangled bell state generation from an epsilon-near-zero metasurface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Weaving liquid crystal elastomer fiber actuators for multifunctional soft robotics. SCIADV, 11(8), eads3058. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inspired by the remarkable adaptability observed in biological organisms, multifunctional soft robotics have emerged as promising systems capable of navigating complex environments. In this study, we present a strategy for weaving fiber soft actuators to overcome the existing limitations in deformation capabilities and complex manufacturing processes. This strategy combines traditional rope artistry with the advanced responsive characteristics of electro-driven liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fibers, facilitating the efficient creation of multifunctional soft actuators. Leveraging this strategy, we have developed four distinct types of soft actuators: the double twisting weaving actuator (DTWA), the circular four-strand weaving actuator (CFWA), the orthogonal weaving actuator (OWA), and the diagonal weaving actuator (DWA). These weaving fiber soft actuators can be readily assembled in various soft robots, granting multiple functionalities, including surface shape programmability, biomimetic blood pumping inspired by the cardiac muscle, and versatile locomotion modes such as crawling and swimming. Our proposed strategy offers unprecedented opportunities for multifunctional soft robots in performing complex tasks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huxiao Yang and Xiaofeng Yin and Chao Zhang and Baihong Chen and Peng Sun and Yan Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3058}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads3058}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Weaving liquid crystal elastomer fiber actuators for multifunctional soft robotics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nervous system–wide analysis of all c. elegans cadherins reveals neuron-specific functions across multiple anatomical scales. SCIADV, 11(8), eads2852. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Differential expression of cell adhesion proteins is a hallmark of cell-type diversity across the animal kingdom. Gene family-wide characterization of their organismal expression and function is, however, lacking. Using genome-engineered reporter alleles, we established an atlas of expression of the entire set of 12 cadherin gene family members in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , revealing differential expression across neuronal classes, a dichotomy between broadly and narrowly expressed cadherins, and several context-dependent temporal transitions in expression across development. Engineered mutant null alleles of cadherins were analyzed for defects in morphology, behavior, neuronal soma positions, neurite neighborhood topology and fasciculation, and localization of synapses in many parts of the nervous system. This analysis revealed a restricted pattern of neuronal differentiation defects at discrete subsets of anatomical scales, including a novel role of cadherins in experience-dependent electrical synapse formation. In total, our analysis results in previously little explored perspectives on cadherin deployment and function.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maryam Majeed and Chien-Po Liao and Oliver Hobert}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2852}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads2852}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nervous system–wide analysis of all c. elegans cadherins reveals neuron-specific functions across multiple anatomical scales}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable pure interference colors of 2D titania liquid crystal with ultrasensitive electroresponse. SCIADV, 11(8), eads0034. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrochromic effect refers to the electrically tunable coloration of a matter. Emerging see-through color-tunable applications pose a synergetic demand on electrochromic device, concurrently having ultralow field driving, operation in transmissive mode, and high-purity and tunable interference colors of sci-fi perception. However, such an electrochromic device remains elusive. Herein, we invent a transmissive electro-interference-color device based on two-dimensional titania liquid crystals (2D TiO 2 LCs), demonstrating a record-high electroresponse sensitivity of ~1.5 × 10 −7 square meters per square volt among all wide-bandgap media. Consequently, the device works under an electric field of 6 × 10 3 volts per meter (three orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional LCs), operates in a transmissive mode with ~85% transparency, and displays pure and tunable interference colors. The electro-interference-color device serves as a good example to fabricate diverse see-through chromatic applications as conceptually demonstrated smart windows with functions of privacy protection, energy saving, and artistic presentation as well as transparent display.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Gong and Siyuan Tian and Yukun Lei and Zehao Zhang and Youan Xu and Rong Lyu and Feng Wang and Hao Zhang and Ziyang Huang and Caizhen Zhu and Bilu Liu and Baofu Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0034}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eads0034}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable pure interference colors of 2D titania liquid crystal with ultrasensitive electroresponse}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noninvasive characterization of oocyte deformability in microconstrictions. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr9869. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oocytes naturally present mechanical defects that hinder their development after fertilization. Thus, in the context of assisted reproduction, oocyte selection based on their mechanical properties has great potential to improve the quality of the resulting embryos and the success rate of these procedures. However, using mechanical properties as a quantifiable selective criterion requires robust and nondestructive measurement tools. This study developed a constriction-based microfluidic device that monitors the deformation of mouse oocytes under controlled pressure. The device can distinguish mechanically aberrant oocyte groups from healthy control ones. On the basis of a mathematical model, we propose that deformability measurements infer both oocyte tension and elasticity, elasticity being the most discriminating factor in our geometry. Despite force transmission during oocyte deformation, no long-term damage was observed. This noninvasive characterization of mouse oocyte deformability in microconstrictions allows for a substantial advance in assessing the mechanical properties of mammalian oocytes and has potential application as a quantifiable selective criterion in medically assisted reproduction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucie Barbier and Rose Bulteau and Behnam Rezaei and Thomas Panier and Gaëlle Letort and Elsa Labrune and Marie-Hélène Verlhac and Franck Vernerey and Clément Campillo and Marie-Emilie Terret}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9869}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr9869}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noninvasive characterization of oocyte deformability in microconstrictions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chromatic acclimation shapes phytoplankton biogeography. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr9609. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine photoautotrophs have evolved to exploit the ocean’s variable light conditions, with chromatic acclimators being able to adjust their pigment content to better match the ambient light color. The impact of chromatic acclimation on phytoplankton distribution and competition is not well understood despite its global importance. This study explores chromatic acclimation’s role in shaping the biogeography of Synechococcus , a widespread cyanobacterium. We integrated three pigment types into a global ecosystem model: a green-light specialist, a blue-light specialist, and a chromatic acclimator. Laboratory studies defined each type’s specific absorption properties. Our results indicate that chromatic acclimation offers an evolutionary advantage by enabling Synechococcus to adapt to varying light environments. This ability to mimic blue- and green-light specialists and enhance absorption at intermediate states, particularly in areas with high seasonal light variations, increases Synechococcus distribution and biomass. Thus, chromatic acclimation affects ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical processes in the ocean.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesco Mattei and Anna E. Hickman and Julia Uitz and Louison Dufour and Vincenzo Vellucci and Laurence Garczarek and Frédéric Partensky and Stephanie Dutkiewicz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9609}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr9609}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chromatic acclimation shapes phytoplankton biogeography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). General strategy for boosting the performance of speed-tunable rotary molecular motors with visible light. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr9326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light-driven molecular rotary motors perform chirality-controlled unidirectional rotations fueled by light and heat. This unique function renders them appealing for the construction of dynamic molecular systems, actuating materials, and molecular machines. Achieving a combination of high photoefficiency, visible-light responsiveness, synthetic accessibility, and easy tuning of dynamic properties within a single scaffold is critical for these applications but remains a longstanding challenge. Herein, a series of highly photoefficient visible-light–responsive molecular motors (MMs), featuring various rotary speeds, was obtained by a convenient one-step formylation of their parent motors. This strategy greatly improves all aspects of the performance of MMs—red-shifted wavelengths of excitation, high photoisomerization quantum yields, and high photostationary state distributions of isomers—beyond the state-of-the-art light-responsive MM systems. The development of this late-stage functionalization strategy of MMs opens avenues for the construction of high-performance molecular machines and devices for applications in materials science and biological systems, representing a major advance in the synthetic toolbox of molecular machines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinyu Sheng and Carlijn L. F. van Beek and Charlotte N. Stindt and Wojciech Danowski and Joanna Jankowska and Stefano Crespi and Daisy R. S. Pooler and Michiel F. Hilbers and Wybren Jan Buma and Ben L. Feringa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr9326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {General strategy for boosting the performance of speed-tunable rotary molecular motors with visible light}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioengineered protein nanocarrier facilitating siRNA escape from lysosomes for targeted RNAi therapy in glioblastoma. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr9266. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising gene-specific therapy against tumors. However, its clinical translation is impeded by poor performance of lysosomal escape and tumor targeting. This challenge is especially prominent in glioblastoma (GBM) therapy, necessitating the penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Leveraging the intrinsic tumor-targeting and BBB traversing capability of human H-ferritin, we designed a series of ferritin variants with positively charged cavity and truncated carboxyl terminus, termed tHFn(+). These nanocarriers respond to weak acid and disassemble in endosomal compartments, exposing the internal positive charges to facilitate the lysosomal escape of loaded small interfering RNA (siRNA). Functioning as universal siRNA nanocarriers, tHFn(+) significantly enhanced the uptake of different siRNAs and suppressed gene expressions associated with GBM progression. Furthermore, tHFn(+) traversed the BBB and targeted glioma in vivo by binding to its receptors (e.g., transferrin receptor 1). tHFn(+)-delivered siRNAs exhibited exceptional therapeutic effects against glioma in vivo, advancing RNAi therapeutics beyond GBM for the treatment of various diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiliang Jin and Baoli Zhang and Jianru Li and Zhenxi Guo and Chen Zhang and Xuehui Chen and Long Ma and Zhuoran Wang and Haiyin Yang and Yong Li and Yuhua Weng and Yuanyu Huang and Xiyun Yan and Kelong Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9266}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr9266}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioengineered protein nanocarrier facilitating siRNA escape from lysosomes for targeted RNAi therapy in glioblastoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Non-hermitian singularities in scattering spectra of mie resonators. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr9183. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Non-Hermitian systems are known to have unique singularities, notably exceptional points. Mie resonators demonstrate fruitful electromagnetic multipole interference effects in scattering behavior. The research of these non-Hermitian singularities is typically conducted independently with the analysis of scattering interference. Here, we demonstrate fundamental relationships between non-Hermitian singularities and observe their manifestation in the scattering spectra. We reveal that exceptional points always exist in the anapole regime, and diabolic points are associated with superscattering. We confirm our theoretical findings in the microwave experiment by measuring the extinction spectra of subwavelength Mie-resonant ceramic rings. Our study underpins the generic behavior of non-Hermitian singularities in the scattering spectra of subwavelength Mie resonators, uncovering their special applications in non-Hermitian nonlinear optics and topological photonics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fan Zhang and Nikolay S. Solodovchenko and Hangkai Fan and Mikhail F. Limonov and Mingzhao Song and Yuri S. Kivshar and Andrey A. Bogdanov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9183}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr9183}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Non-hermitian singularities in scattering spectra of mie resonators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lignin gel emulsions for environmentally benign hair conditioning. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr8372. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hair care products have complex surfactant and stabilizer compositions arising from oleochemicals, raising concerns over sustainability. Here, we show a fully biobased hair conditioner based on micellar lignin gels that stabilize emulsions with triglyceride oils. We demonstrate competitive emulsion stability, rheological properties, and performance relative to an off-the-shelf commercial product. Lignin gel emulsion with a 6% weight fraction of coconut oil effectively lubricates damaged hair, confirmed by a 13% reduction in wet combing force and validated through multiscale microscopy analysis. Notably, organic solvent-free production simplifies the ingredient list and offers an environmentally benign route for lignin utilization in hair care.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fengyang Wang and Sajesh Nithianandam and Ievgen Pylypchuk and Mika H. Sipponen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8372}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr8372}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lignin gel emulsions for environmentally benign hair conditioning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Switching polariton screening in MoS2 microcavity toward polaritonics. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr7202. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite the known behaviors of exciton-polariton in van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), achieving electrical control over these polaritons remains a challenge, particularly for manipulating multiple polariton states and further tuning polariton screening in polaritonics. Here, we identify various polariton states via electrical bias within a monolayer of n-type MoS 2 . The MoS 2 channel was squeezed within a distributed Bragg reflector microcavity which was combined with a transparent graphene gate-electrode and a hexagonal boron nitride insulator. We observe trion polaritons with distinct lower polariton branch (LPB) and upper polariton branch (UPB). This allows us to modulate the intensity and energy switchings via gate bias: At gate bias below threshold voltage, both polaritons are decoupled, and above threshold voltage, they are coupled to form LPB-UPB pair, and at high bias, complex polaritons (CPB) emerge due to polariton screening, a phenomenon consistent with Rabi splitting. Further, we observe a peculiar nonlinearity at intermediate power regime.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashok Mondal and Chandan Biswas and Pramod Ghising and Byoung Hee Moon and Ki Kang Kim and Young Hee Lee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7202}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr7202}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Switching polariton screening in MoS2 microcavity toward polaritonics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SCFRMF-dependent degradation of the nuclear lamina releases the somatic chromatin mobility restriction for meiotic recombination. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr4567. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Meiosis prepares the genome for sexual reproduction and is a driver of genetic diversity. Essential for both aspects are rapid chromosome movements enabling the pairing of homologous chromosomes, thereby promoting their recombination and ensuring their correct segregation afterward. However, it is unknown how meiocytes reorganize their nuclear architecture when chromosomes are tethered to the nuclear lamina in somatic cells. Here, we reveal the meiosis-specific Skp1–Cul1–F-box-protein (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF RMF as a key regulator of this reorganization in Arabidopsis . We find that the nuclear lamina proteins of the CRWN family are degraded in an SCF RMF -dependent manner in this process. Thus, the SCF RMF functions to release the somatic constraints on chromosome mobility through disrupting the nuclear lamina, allowing homologous chromosomes to pair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinjie Yuan and Bowei Cai and Yuki Hamamura and Arp Schnittger and Chao Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4567}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr4567}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SCFRMF-dependent degradation of the nuclear lamina releases the somatic chromatin mobility restriction for meiotic recombination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). TRAM-LAG1-CLN8 family proteins are acyltransferases regulating phospholipid composition. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr3723. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The diversity of cellular phospholipids, crucial for membrane homeostasis and function, arises from enzymatic remodeling of their fatty acyl chains. In this work, we reveal that poorly understood TRAM-LAG1-CLN8 domain (TLCD)–containing proteins are phospholipid remodeling enzymes. We demonstrate that TLCD1 is an evolutionarily conserved lysophosphatidylethanolamine acyltransferase, which regulates cellular phospholipid composition and generates previously undescribed fatty acid and thiamine (vitamin B1) esters as its secondary products. Furthermore, we establish that human TLCD protein CLN8, mutations of which cause fatal neurodegenerative Batten disease, is a lysophosphatidylglycerol acyltransferase. We show that CLN8 catalyzes the essential step in the biosynthesis of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate, a phospholipid critical for lysosome function. Our study unveils a family of acyltransferases integral to cellular membrane phospholipid homeostasis and human disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pradeep K. Sheokand and Andrew M. James and Benjamin Jenkins and Pawel K. Lysyganicz and Denis Lacabanne and Martin S. King and Edmund R. S. Kunji and Symeon Siniossoglou and Albert Koulman and Michael P. Murphy and Kasparas Petkevicius}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3723}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr3723}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {TRAM-LAG1-CLN8 family proteins are acyltransferases regulating phospholipid composition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rift-inversion orogens are potential hot spots for natural h2 generation. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr3418. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Naturally occurring hydrogen gas (H 2 ) represents a potential source of clean energy. A promising mechanism for large-scale natural H 2 generation is serpentinization of exhumed mantle material. We study this serpentinization-related H 2 generation during rifting and subsequent rift-inversion orogen development using numerical geodynamic models. Serpentinization-related H 2 generation is best known from rifted margins and spreading ridges. However, because orogens are colder than rift environments, conditions for serpentinization and natural H 2 generation are considerably better in orogenic settings: We find that yearly H 2 generation capacity from serpentinization in the overriding mantle wedge during rift inversion may be up to 20 times larger than during rifting. Moreover, suitable reservoirs and seals required for economic H 2 accumulations to form are readily available in rift-inversion orogens but are likely absent during bulk serpentinization in rift settings. Together with indications of ongoing natural H 2 generation in the Balkans and Pyrenees, our model results provide a first-order motivation for natural H 2 exploration in rift-inversion orogens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Frank Zwaan and Sascha Brune and Anne C. Glerum and Dylan A. Vasey and John B. Naliboff and Gianreto Manatschal and Eric C. Gaucher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3418}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr3418}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rift-inversion orogens are potential hot spots for natural h2 generation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A galactose-tethered tetraphenylethene prodrug mediated apoptosis of senescent cells for osteoporosis treatment. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr2833. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Osteoporosis and bone injury healing in elderly patients are major medical challenges, often exacerbated by the accumulation of senescent cells. Herein, we show that TPE-Gal, which contains a tetraphenylethene unit and a galactose moiety, offers a promising molecular therapy designed to light up and eliminate senescent cells through a hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by β-galactosidase, an enzyme overexpressed in senescent cells. The reaction produces TPE-OH, which, in turn, increases reactive oxygen species levels within the senescent cells, leading to noninflammatory apoptosis of senescent cells. This targeted clearance mechanism helps to alleviate osteoporosis symptoms and promotes bone injury healing. Moreover, apoptotic vesicles, which are generated during the process, are partly phagocytosed by macrophages, mimicking physiological metabolic processes. This study opens new avenues for addressing bone health issues through the designed bioclearance of senescent cells, aligning with the body’s natural pathways for maintaining homeostasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xin Gao and Yichen Hu and Yingfei Zhang and Yanyan Huang and Guanxin Zhang and Xiao Zhang and Yongsheng Zhou and Deqing Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2833}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr2833}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A galactose-tethered tetraphenylethene prodrug mediated apoptosis of senescent cells for osteoporosis treatment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disabling leading and lagging strand histone transmission results in parental histones loss and reduced cell plasticity and viability. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr1453. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In the process of DNA replication, the first steps in restoring the chromatin landscape involve parental histone recycling and new histone deposition. Disrupting histone recycling to either the leading or lagging strand induces asymmetric histone inheritance, affecting epigenome maintenance and cellular identity. However, the order and kinetics of these effects remain elusive. Here, we use inducible mutants to dissect the early and late consequences of impaired histone recycling. Simultaneous disruption of both leading (POLE4) and lagging strand (MCM2-2A) recycling pathways impairs the transmission of parental histones to newly synthesized DNA, releasing some parental histones to the soluble pool. Subsequently, H3K27me3 accumulates aberrantly during chromatin restoration in a manner preceding gene expression changes. Loss of histone inheritance and the ensuing chromatin restoration defects alter gene expression in embryonic stem cells and challenge differentiation programs and cell viability. Our findings demonstrate the importance of efficient transmission of histone-based information during DNA replication for maintaining chromatin landscapes, differentiation potential, and cellular viability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Leonie Kollenstart and Alva Biran and Nicolas Alcaraz and Nazaret Reverón-Gómez and Victor Solis-Mezarino and Moritz Völker-Albert and Fion Jenkinson and Valentin Flury and Anja Groth}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1453}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr1453}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disabling leading and lagging strand histone transmission results in parental histones loss and reduced cell plasticity and viability}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intratumoral antigen-presenting cell activation by a nanovesicle for the concurrent tertiary lymphoid structure de novo neogenesis. SCIADV, 11(8), eadr1299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) usually lead to significantly improved clinical benefits in immunotherapy but are rarely observed within native tumors. The current approaches are difficult in effectively inducing TLS formation, let alone fully exploiting its anticancer efficacy. Here, a biomimetic nanovesicle (ADU-S@M1) is constructed to target tumors and then to produce abundant activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in situ by polarizing the tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype and promoting dendritic cell maturation. These activated APCs effectively initiate the TLS de novo neogenesis by acting as lymphoid tissue inducer cells that secrete lymphotoxin α and tumor necrosis factor α while normalizing the intratumoral vasculatures. In addition, they induce robust in situ adaptive immune responses by presenting the antigens released from the M1 cell–destroyed tumors and transporting them to the nearby TLS. Therefore, the development of tumors in mice, especially immune-cold tumors, was efficiently prevented, providing a promising strategy for promoting cancer immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ran Cheng and Sucheng Li and Xianbin Ma and Wanru Zhuang and Yao Lei and Jiaqi He and Chao Liang and Weidong Nie and Hai-Yan Xie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadr1299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intratumoral antigen-presenting cell activation by a nanovesicle for the concurrent tertiary lymphoid structure de novo neogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exchange-selective excitation pulses for dynamic magnetic resonance. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq9974. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coherent evolution is punctuated by dynamical processes such as chemical exchange, conformational transformation, or site hopping in many important problems ranging from biomolecular function to ion trap quantum computation. One well-explored example is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, where experimental development is grounded in decades-old theory, but structural dynamics are not easily integrated into this picture. Here, we introduce an approach that selectively excites NMR resonances that undergo chemical exchange while suppressing the signal arising from nondynamic components of the system. We show that for exchange rates spanning more than four orders of magnitude, one can still selectively excite spins undergoing exchange while suppressing static resonances. Generalizing this approach, to selectively excite (or selectively preserve) only members of an ensemble that have undergone exchange or rearrangement, has the potential to improve the analytical power of many spectroscopic techniques.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob R. Lindale and Warren S. Warren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9974}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq9974}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exchange-selective excitation pulses for dynamic magnetic resonance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atlantification advances into the amerasian basin of the arctic ocean. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq7580. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Atlantification—the northward inflow of anomalous waters and biota from the Atlantic into the polar basins—has wide-ranging climatological ramifications. We present previously unknown observational evidence that the atlantification processes are strengthening in the eastern Eurasian Basin. The primary example is the diminishing sea ice, which is related to a powerful ocean-heat/ice-albedo feedback, which accelerates sea-ice losses. Furthermore, we observe that atlantification is extending far beyond the Lomonosov Ridge into the Makarov Basin of the Arctic Ocean where upper ocean ventilation creates a new and unique ecological environment. The eastern part of the Siberian Arctic Ocean is still strongly stratified, but the atlantification-driven shoaling of warm, salty, and nutrient-rich intermediate waters already has important ecological consequences there. Disentangling the role of atlantification in multiple and complex high-latitude changes should be a priority in future modeling and observational efforts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Igor V. Polyakov and Andrey V. Pnyushkov and Matthew Charette and Kyoung-Ho Cho and Jinyoung Jung and Lauren Kipp and Morven Muilwijk and Laura Whitmore and Eun Jin Yang and Jaeill Yoo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7580}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq7580}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atlantification advances into the amerasian basin of the arctic ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structural basis of aquaporin-4 autoantibody binding in neuromyelitis optica. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq7560. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system where pathogenic autoantibodies target the water channel aquaporin-4 on human astrocytes causing neurological impairment. Autoantibody binding leads to complement-dependent and complement-independent cytotoxicity, ultimately resulting in astrocyte death, demyelination, and neuronal loss. Aquaporin-4 assembles in astrocyte plasma membranes as symmetric tetramers or as arrays of tetramers. We report molecular structures of aquaporin-4 alone and bound to Fab fragments from patient-derived NMO autoantibodies using cryogenic electron microscopy. Each antibody binds to epitopes comprised of three extracellular loops of aquaporin-4 with contributions from multiple molecules in the assembly. The structures distinguish between antibodies that bind to the tetrameric form of aquaporin-4 and those targeting higher-order orthogonal arrays of tetramers that provide more diverse bridging epitopes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meghna Gupta and Nitesh Kumar Khandelwal and Andrew Nelson and Peter Hwang and Sergei Pourmal and Jeffrey L. Bennett and Robert M. Stroud}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7560}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq7560}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structural basis of aquaporin-4 autoantibody binding in neuromyelitis optica}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Activity-dependent regulation of microglia numbers by pyramidal cells during development shape cortical functions. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq5842. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Beyond their role as immune sentinels, microglia are actively involved in establishing and maintaining cortical circuits. Alteration in microglial numbers has been associated with abnormal behaviors akin to those observed in neurodevelopmental disorders. Consequently, establishing the appropriate microglial numbers during development is crucial for ensuring normal cortical function. Here, we uncovered a dynamic relationship between pyramidal cells and microglia that tunes microglial numbers and development through distinct phases of mouse postnatal development. Changes in pyramidal cell activity during development induce differential release of activity-dependent proteins such as Activin A, which, in turn, adjusts microglial numbers accordingly. Decoupling of this relationship not only changes microglial numbers but has a long-term consequence on their role as synaptic organizers, which ultimately affects cortical function. Our findings reveal that microglia adapt their numbers to changes in pyramidal cell activity during a critical time window in development, consequently adjusting their numbers and function to the demands of the developing local circuits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sanjana Kumaraguru and James Morgan and Fong Kuan Wong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5842}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq5842}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Activity-dependent regulation of microglia numbers by pyramidal cells during development shape cortical functions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Active microtubule-actin cross-talk mediated by a nesprin-2G–kinesin complex. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq4726. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nesprin-2 Giant (N2G) is a large integral membrane protein that physically connects the nucleus to the cytoskeleton, but how N2G performs this activity to maintain nuclear positioning and drive nuclear movement is unclear. This study investigates N2G’s role in nucleocytoskeletal coupling, a process critical for cellular function and development. We uncover multiple roles for N2G, including its activity as an F-actin bundler, an adapter that activates kinesin-1 motors, and a mediator of cytoskeletal cross-talk. Notably, N2G directly links kinesin-1 to F-actin, enabling the transport of actin filaments along microtubule tracks, establishing active cross-talk between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. These findings provide crucial insights into nuclear movement, advancing our understanding of fundamental cellular processes and their implications in development and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Natalie Sahabandu and Kyoko Okada and Aisha Khan and Daniel Elnatan and Daniel A. Starr and Kassandra M. Ori-McKenney and G.W. Gant Luxton and Richard J. McKenney}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4726}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq4726}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Active microtubule-actin cross-talk mediated by a nesprin-2G–kinesin complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Particle-associated n2 fixation by heterotrophic bacteria in the global ocean. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq4693. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {N 2 -fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) sustain life on our planet by providing biologically available nitrogen to plants. In the oceans, cyanobacterial diazotrophs, mostly prevalent in warm tropical and subtropical waters, were traditionally considered the sole contributors to marine N 2 fixation. Recently, an almost ubiquitous distribution of N 2 -fixing heterotrophic bacteria has been discovered in the pelagic ocean. However, the mechanisms enabling heterotrophic diazotrophs to thrive in cold high-latitude waters and their contribution to the global nitrogen budget are unknown. Using a data-driven cell-based metabolic model, we show that heterotrophic bacteria inside sinking particles can fix N 2 over a wide range of temperatures, explaining their ubiquitous presence in the oceans. We estimate that heterotrophic diazotrophs account for about 10% of global marine N 2 fixation, with the highest contribution in oxygen minimum zones. These findings call for a reassessment of the N 2 fixation patterns and the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen in the global ocean.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Subhendu Chakraborty and Ken H. Andersen and Agostino Merico and Lasse Riemann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4693}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq4693}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Particle-associated n2 fixation by heterotrophic bacteria in the global ocean}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Accelerated internal tides in a warming climate. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq4577. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Internal tides profoundly influence diapycnal mixing and marine ecosystems in oceans worldwide. Previous estimates on internal tides focused regionally spanning a decade, leaving a knowledge gap regarding their long-term global behavior, especially over centuries. Because of limited long-term observations, a critical question arises: How will global warming affect internal tides? Using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and the High-Resolution Empirical Tidal (HRET) model, we identify a robust accelerating trend in globally averaged internal tide speeds. This trend, increasing from historical rates (0.4 centimeters per second per decade) to future projections (2.0 centimeters per second per decade), is primarily driven by intensified upper-ocean stratification, with background currents playing a secondary role. Our findings suggest that internal tides propagate faster in a warming climate, potentially influencing energy cascade and marine biological productivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yankun Gong and Zhiwu Chen and Jiexin Xu and Yulong Yao and Chunzai Wang and Shuqun Cai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4577}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq4577}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Accelerated internal tides in a warming climate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A 1600-year record of extreme rainfall in northern arabia. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq3173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intense rain can trigger flashfloods in Arabia. Torrential rains in 2024 sowed widespread chaos in the region. Sediment-loaded plumes discharged by flashfloods deposit onto the seabed. Burrowing animals disrupt these flood layers, erasing the paleorainfall record. Fortuitously, we discovered an anoxic deep-sea brine pool sited close enough to shore to chronicle floods, yet be otherwise undisturbed by animals. Cores retrieved from the pool delivered a 1600-year rainfall record. We merge these core-layer histories with modern rainfall statistics, satellite observations, and simulations to deliver a high-resolution quantitative Late Holocene hydroclimate record for Arabia. We find that the modern era is 2.5 times drier than the last 1.6 thousand years. The Little Ice Age stands out as particularly wet. That period experienced a fivefold increase in rainfall intensity compared to today. Though hyperarid now, the flood layers demonstrate that climate shifts can generate weather conditions unwitnessed in the modern era. Such long-range insight is crucial for framing uncertainties surrounding future hydroclimate forecasts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sam J. Purkis and Steven N. Ward and Bolton J. Howes and Jake M. Longenecker and Morgan I. Chakraborty and Akos Kalman and Amy C. Clement and Arash Sharifi and Francesca Benzoni and Christopher Clarke and Mattie Rodrigue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq3173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A 1600-year record of extreme rainfall in northern arabia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SUMO2/3 conjugation of TDP-43 protects against aggregation. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq2475. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cytosolic aggregation of the RNA binding protein TDP-43 (transactive response DNA-binding protein 43) is a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Here, we report that during oxidative stress, TDP-43 becomes SUMO2/3-ylated by the SUMO E3 ligase protein PIAS4 (protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4) and enriches in cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs). Upon pharmacological inhibition of TDP-43 SUMO2/3-ylation or PIAS4 depletion, TDP-43 enrichment in SGs is accompanied by irreversible aggregation. In cells that are unable to assemble SGs, SUMO2/3-ylation of TDP-43 is strongly impaired, supporting the notion that SGs are compartments that promote TDP-43 SUMO2/3-ylation during oxidative stress. Binding of TDP-43 to UG-rich RNA antagonizes PIAS4-mediated SUMO2/3-ylation, while RNA dissociation promotes TDP-43 SUMO2/3-ylation. We conclude that SUMO2/3 protein conjugation is a cellular mechanism to stabilize cytosolic RNA-free TDP-43 against aggregation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Enza Maria Verde and Francesco Antoniani and Laura Mediani and Valentina Secco and Samuele Crotti and Maria Celidea Ferrara and Jonathan Vinet and Aleksandra Sergeeva and Xiao Yan and Carsten Hoege and Cristiana Stuani and Francesca Paron and Tzu-Ting Kao and Rohit Shrivastava and Jolanta Polanowska and Aymeric Bailly and Alessandro Rosa and Eleonora Aronica and Anand Goswami and Neil Shneider and Anthony A. Hyman and Emanuele Buratti and Dimitris Xirodimas and Titus M. Franzmann and Simon Alberti and Serena Carra}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2475}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq2475}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SUMO2/3 conjugation of TDP-43 protects against aggregation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wnt signaling modulates mechanotransduction in the epidermis to drive hair follicle regeneration. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq0638. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most wounds form scars without hair follicles. However, in the wound-induced hair neogenesis (WIHN) model of skin regeneration, wounds regenerate hair follicles if tissue rigidity is optimal. Although WIHN depends on Wnt signaling, whether Wnt performs a mechanoregulatory role that contributes to regeneration remains uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrate that Wnt signaling affects mechanosensitivity at both cellular and tissue levels to drive WIHN. Atomic force microscopy revealed an attenuated substrate rigidity response in epidermal but not dermal cells of healing wounds. Super-resolution microscopy and nanoneedle probing of intracellular compartments in live human keratinocytes revealed that Wnt-induced chromatin remodeling triggers a 10-fold drop in nuclear rigidity without jeopardizing the nucleocytoskeletal mechanical coupling. Mechanistically, Wnt signaling orchestrated a massive reorganization of actin architecture and recruited adherens junctions to generate a mechanical syncytium—a cohesive contractile unit with superior capacity for force coordination and collective durotaxis. Collectively, our findings unveil Wnt signaling’s mechanoregulatory role that manipulates the machinery of mechanotransduction to drive regeneration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Allen S. W. Oak and Amrit Bagchi and Matthew J. Brukman and Joshua Toth and Jamie Ford and Ying Zheng and Arben Nace and Ruifeng Yang and Jen-Chih Hsieh and James E. Hayden and Gordon Ruthel and Anisa Ray and Elaine Kim and Vivek B. Shenoy and George Cotsarelis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0638}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq0638}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wnt signaling modulates mechanotransduction in the epidermis to drive hair follicle regeneration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large closed-basin lakes sustainably supplied phosphate during the origins of life. SCIADV, 11(8), eadq0027. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origin of life on Earth required a supply of phosphorus (P) for the synthesis of universal biomolecules. Closed lakes may have accumulated high P concentrations on early Earth. However, it is not clear whether prebiotic P uptake in such settings would then have been sustainable. We show that large closed-basin lakes can combine high P concentrations at steady state with extremely high rates of biological productivity. Our case study is Mono Lake in California, which has close to 1 millimolar dissolved P at steady state despite extremely high rates of biological productivity, in contrast to smaller closed basins where life is scarce. Hence, large closed-basin lakes offer an environment where high rates of prebiotic P productivity can plausibly coexist with high steady-state P concentrations. Such lakes should have readily formed on the heavily cratered and volcanically active surface of early Earth.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Craig R. Walton and Jihua Hao and Maria Schönbächler and Oliver Shorttle}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0027}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadq0027}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large closed-basin lakes sustainably supplied phosphate during the origins of life}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reinstatement and transformation of memory traces for recognition. SCIADV, 11(8), eadp9336. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Episodic memory relies on the formation and retrieval of content-specific memory traces. In addition to their veridical reactivation, previous studies have indicated that traces may undergo substantial transformations. However, the exact time course and regional distribution of reinstatement and transformation during recognition memory have remained unclear. We applied representational similarity analysis to human intracranial electroencephalography to track the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying the reinstatement and transformation of memory traces. Specifically, we examined how reinstatement and transformation of item-specific representations across occipital, ventral visual, and lateral parietal cortices contribute to successful memory formation and recognition. Our findings suggest that reinstatement in temporal cortex and transformation in parietal cortex coexist and provide complementary strategies for recognition. Further, we find that generalization and differentiation of neural representations contribute to memory and probe memory-specific correspondence with deep neural network (DNN) model features. Our results suggest that memory formation is particularly supported by generalized and mnemonic representational formats beyond the visual features of a DNN.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Elias M. B. Rau and Marie-Christin Fellner and Rebekka Heinen and Hui Zhang and Qin Yin and Parisa Vahidi and Malte Kobelt and Eishi Asano and Olivia Kim-McManus and Shifteh Sattar and Jack J. Lin and Kurtis I. Auguste and Edward F. Chang and David King-Stephens and Peter B. Weber and Kenneth D. Laxer and Robert T. Knight and Elizabeth L. Johnson and Noa Ofen and Nikolai Axmacher}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9336}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadp9336}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reinstatement and transformation of memory traces for recognition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Convective potential and fuel availability complement near-surface weather in regulating global wildfire activity. SCIADV, 11(8), eadp7765. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Wildfires are favored by hot, dry, windy, rainless conditions—this knowledge about fire weather informs both short-term forecast and long-term prediction of wildfire activity. Yet, wildfires rely on the availability of ignition and fuel, which are underrepresented in fire forecast and prediction practices. By analyzing satellite measurements and atmospheric reanalysis, here we show that near-surface weather only partially captures wildfire occurrence and intensity across the daily to seasonal timescales. Beyond near-surface weather, convection and fuel abundance play a complementary role in regulating burning processes. Specifically, enhanced atmospheric convection is identified for over 40% of the low-human-impact regions and 61% of global burnable areas during wildfire ignition and spreading periods. Meanwhile, 56% of shrublands and 54% of grasslands see higher fuel load with actual occurrence of fire. Our results highlight the role of convection and fuel in wildfire forecast, prompting a revisit of wildfire prediction under intertwined atmospheric and terrestrial changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hongxuan Su and Yan Yu and Weidong Guo and Jiafu Mao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7765}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadp7765}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Convective potential and fuel availability complement near-surface weather in regulating global wildfire activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NAT10-mediated mRNA n4-acetylation is essential for the translational regulation during oocyte meiotic maturation in mice. SCIADV, 11(8), eadp5163. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The precise translational regulation of maternal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) drives mammalian oocyte maturation. However, the function and mechanism of posttranscriptional chemical modifications, especially the newly identified N 4 -acetylcytidine (ac 4 C) modification catalyzed by N -acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), are unknown. In this study, we developed a low-input ac 4 C sequencing technology, ac 4 C LACE-seq, and mapped 8241 ac 4 C peaks at the whole-transcriptome level using 50 mouse oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage. Oocyte-specific Nat10 knockout wiped out ac 4 C signals in oocytes and caused severe defects in meiotic maturation and female infertility. Mechanically, Nat10 deletion led to a failure of ac 4 C deposition on mRNAs encoding key maternal factors, which regulate transcriptome stability and maternal-to-zygotic transition. Nat10 -deleted oocytes showed decreased mRNA translation efficiency due to the direct inhibition of ac 4 C sites on specific transcripts during meiotic maturation. In summary, we developed a low-input, high-sensitivity mRNA ac 4 C profiling approach and highlighted the important physiological function of ac 4 C in the precise regulation of oocyte meiotic maturation by enhancing translation efficiency.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Chen and Wen-Jing Wang and Shao-Yuan Liu and Rui-Bao Su and Yu-Ke Wu and Xuan Wu and Song-Ying Zhang and Jie Qiao and Qian-Qian Sha and Heng-Yu Fan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5163}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadp5163}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NAT10-mediated mRNA n4-acetylation is essential for the translational regulation during oocyte meiotic maturation in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Artificial intelligence–powered 3D analysis of video-based caregiver-child interactions. SCIADV, 11(8), eadp4422. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We introduce HARMONI, a three-dimensional (3D) computer vision and audio processing method for analyzing caregiver-child behavior and interaction from observational videos. HARMONI operates at subsecond resolution, estimating 3D mesh representations and spatial interactions of humans, and adapts to challenging natural environments using an environment-targeted synthetic data generation module. Deployed on 500 hours from the SEEDLingS dataset, HARMONI generates detailed quantitative measurements of 3D human behavior previously unattainable through manual efforts or 2D methods. HARMONI identifies longitudinal trends in child-caregiver interaction, including child movement, body pose, dyadic touch, visibility, and conversational turns. The integrated visual and audio analysis further reveals multimodal trends, including associations between child conversational turns and movement. Open-sourced for large-scale analysis, HARMONI facilitates advancements in human development research. HARMONI achieves 63 to 80% consistency on key attributes with human annotators on SEEDLingS and 84 to 93% consistency on videos taken from a laboratory setting while achieving >100 times savings in time.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenzhen Weng and Laura Bravo-Sánchez and Zeyu Wang and Christopher Howard and Maria Xenochristou and Nicole Meister and Angjoo Kanazawa and Arnold Milstein and Elika Bergelson and Kathryn L. Humphreys and Lee M. Sanders and Serena Yeung-Levy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4422}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eadp4422}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Artificial intelligence–powered 3D analysis of video-based caregiver-child interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A modular cell-free protein biosensor platform using split t7 RNA polymerase. SCIADV, 11(8), eado6280. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conventional laboratory protein detection techniques are not suitable for point-of-care (POC) use because they require expensive equipment and laborious protocols, and existing POC assays suffer from long development timescales. Here, we describe a modular cell-free biosensing platform for generalizable protein detection that we call TLISA (T7 RNA polymerase–linked immunosensing assay), designed for extreme flexibility and equipment-free use. TLISA uses a split T7 RNA polymerase fused to affinity domains against a protein. The target antigen drives polymerase reassembly, inducing reporter expression. We characterize the platform and then demonstrate its modularity by using 16 affinity domains against four different antigens with minimal protocol optimization. We show that TLISA is suitable for POC use by sensing human biomarkers in serum and saliva with a colorimetric readout within 1 hour and by demonstrating functionality after lyophilization. Altogether, this technology has the potential to enable truly rapid, reconfigurable, modular, and equipment-free detection of diverse classes of proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Megan A. McSweeney and Alexandra T. Patterson and Kathryn Loeffler and Regina Cuellar Lelo de Larrea and Monica P. McNerney and Ravi S. Kane and Mark P. Styczynski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6280}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eado6280}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A modular cell-free protein biosensor platform using split t7 RNA polymerase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A non-hebbian code for episodic memory. SCIADV, 11(8), eado4112. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hebbian plasticity has long dominated neurobiological models of memory formation. Yet, plasticity rules operating on one-shot episodic memory timescales rarely depend on both pre- and postsynaptic spiking, challenging Hebbian theory in this crucial regime. Here, we present an episodic memory model governed by a simpler rule depending only on presynaptic activity. We show that this rule, capitalizing on high-dimensional neural activity with restricted transitions, naturally stores episodes as paths through complex state spaces like those underlying a world model. The resulting memory traces, which we term path vectors, are highly expressive and decodable with an odor-tracking algorithm. We show that path vectors are robust alternatives to Hebbian traces, support one-shot sequential and associative recall, along with policy learning, and shed light on specific hippocampal plasticity rules. Thus, non-Hebbian plasticity is sufficient for flexible memory and learning and well-suited to encode episodes and policies as paths through a world model.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rich Pang and Stefano Recanatesi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4112}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eado4112}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A non-hebbian code for episodic memory}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The mutational landscape and functional effects of noncoding ultraconserved elements in human cancers. SCIADV, 11(8), eado2830. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mutational landscape of phylogenetically ultraconserved elements (UCEs), especially those in noncoding DNAs (ncUCEs), and their functional relevance in cancers remain poorly characterized. Here, we perform a systematic analysis of whole-genome and in-house targeted UCE sequencing datasets from more than 3000 patients with cancer of 13,736 UCEs and demonstrate that ncUCE somatic alterations are common. Using a multiplexed CRISPR knockout screen in colorectal cancer cells, we show that the loss of several altered ncUCEs significantly affects cell proliferation. In-depth functional studies in vitro and in vivo further reveal that specific ncUCEs can be enhancers of tumor suppressors (such as ARID1B) and silencers of oncogenic proteins (such as RPS13). Moreover, several miRNAs located in ncUCEs are recurrently mutated. Mutations in miR-142 locus can affect the Drosha-mediated processing of precursor miRNAs, resulting in the down-regulation of the mature transcript. These results provide systematic evidence that specific ncUCEs play diverse regulatory roles in cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Recep Bayraktar and Yitao Tang and Mihnea P. Dragomir and Cristina Ivan and Xinxin Peng and Linda Fabris and Jianhua Zhang and Alessandro Carugo and Serena Aneli and Jintan Liu and Mei-Ju M. Chen and Sanjana Srinivasan and Iman Sahnoune and Emine Bayraktar and Kadir C. Akdemir and Meng Chen and Pranav Narayanan and Wilson Huang and Leonie Florence Ott and Agda Karina Eterovic and Oscar Eduardo Villarreal and Mohammad Moustaf Mohammad and Michael D. Peoples and Danielle M. Walsh and Jon Andrew Hernandez and Margaret B. Morgan and Kenna R. Shaw and Jennifer S. Davis and David Menter and Constantine S. Tam and Paul Yeh and Sarah-Jane Dawson and Laura Z. Rassenti and Thomas J. Kipps and Tanja Kunej and Zeev Estrov and Simon A. Joosse and Luca Pagani and Catherine Alix-Panabières and Klaus Pantel and Alessandra Ferajoli and Andrew Futreal and Ignacio I. Wistuba and Milan Radovich and Scott Kopetz and Michael J. Keating and Giulio F. Draetta and John S. Mattick and Han Liang and George A. Calin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado2830}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eado2830}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The mutational landscape and functional effects of noncoding ultraconserved elements in human cancers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep profiling of b cells responding to various pathogens uncovers compartments in IgG memory b cell and antibody-secreting lineages. SCIADV, 11(8), eado1331. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Improving our understanding of B cell transition to memory B cells (MBCs) and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is crucial for clinical monitoring and vaccine strategies. To explore these dynamics, we compared prepandemic antigen responses (influenza hemagglutinin, respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein, and tetanus toxoid) with recently encountered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients using spectral flow cytometry. Our analysis revealed the CD43+CD71+IgG+ activated B cell subset, highly enriched for SARS-CoV-2 specificities, as a juncture for ASC and MBC differentiation, with CD86+ phenotypically similar to ASCs and CD86− to IgG+ MBCs. Moreover, subpopulations within IgG+ MBCs were further identified based on CD73 and CD24 expression. Activated MBCs (CD73−/CD24lo) were predominantly SARS-CoV-2-specific, while resting MBCs (CD73+/CD24hi) recognized prepandemic antigens. A CD95− subcluster within resting MBCs accounted for over 40% of prepandemic-specific cells, indicating long-lasting memory. These findings advance our understanding of IgG+ MBC and ASC development stages, shedding light on the decision-making process guiding their differentiation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mathieu Claireaux and George Elias and Gius Kerster and Lisan H. Kuijper and Mariël C. Duurland and Alberta G. A. Paul and Judith A. Burger and Meliawati Poniman and Wouter Olijhoek and Nina de Jong and Rivka de Jongh and Elke Wynberg and Hugo D. G. van Willigen and Maria Prins and Godelieve J. De Bree and Menno D. de Jong and Taco W. Kuijpers and Filip Eftimov and C. Ellen van der Schoot and Theo Rispens and Juan J. Garcia-Vallejo and Anja ten Brinke and Marit J. van Gils and S. Marieke van Ham}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado1331}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {8}, pages = {eado1331}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep profiling of b cells responding to various pathogens uncovers compartments in IgG memory b cell and antibody-secreting lineages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Alexander pines and the end of an era. SCIADV, 11(7), eadw3504. (www)

  @article{ , archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Warren S. Warren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3504}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadw3504}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Alexander pines and the end of an era}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A biodegradable capacitive-coupling neurostimulator for wireless electroceutical treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. SCIADV, 11(7), eadu5887. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electroceuticals based on peripheral nerve stimulation offer promising treatment for refractory inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). For pediatric IBD (PIBD) patients, wireless, biodegradable miniaturized bioelectronic devices are crucial to prevent neural damage and support neural development during and after therapy. Here we demonstrate a battery-free, miniaturized neurostimulator based on biodegradable materials and capacitive-coupling wireless power transfer. The biodegradable capacitive-coupling (BCC) neurostimulator consists of molybdenum (Mo) electronic components and self-healing biodegradable polyurethane elastomer (SBPUE) encapsulations. The self-healing property of SBPUE enables a stable neural interface. Capacitive coupling wirelessly transfers high-frequency electric fields through a single capacitor between wearable transmitters and implanted BCC neurostimulators. Programmed electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve alleviates PIBD symptoms by restoring CD4 + T cell balance, enhancing anti-inflammatory effects and suppressing pro-inflammatory effects in the intestines.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qiong Wang and Ming Yang and Renyuan Sun and Wenliang Liu and Wenlong Li and Baochun Xu and Shiming Yang and Ke Chen and Jun Xiao and Xuyong Chen and Xinyao Meng and Jiexiong Feng and Cunjiang Yu and Zhiqiang Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5887}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadu5887}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A biodegradable capacitive-coupling neurostimulator for wireless electroceutical treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fluoxetine promotes IL-10–dependent metabolic defenses to protect from sepsis-induced lethality. SCIADV, 11(7), eadu4034. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are some of the most prescribed drugs in the world. While they are used for their ability to increase serotonergic signaling in the brain, SSRIs are also known to have a broad range of effects beyond the brain, including immune and metabolic effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that SSRIs are protective in animal models and humans against several infections, including sepsis and COVID-19; however, the mechanisms underlying this protection are largely unknown. Here, we mechanistically link two previously described effects of the SSRI fluoxetine in mediating protection against sepsis. We show that fluoxetine-mediated protection is independent of peripheral serotonin and instead increases levels of circulating interleukin-10 (IL-10). IL-10 is necessary for protection from sepsis-induced hypertriglyceridemia, preventing cardiac effects including impairment of glucose oxidation, ectopic lipid accumulation, ventricular stretch and possibly cardiac failure. Our work reveals a beneficial “off-target” effect of fluoxetine, and reveals a protective immunometabolic defense mechanism with therapeutic potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Robert M. Gallant and Karina K. Sanchez and Emeline Joulia and Jessica M. Snyder and Christian M. Metallo and Janelle S. Ayres}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4034}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadu4034}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fluoxetine promotes IL-10–dependent metabolic defenses to protect from sepsis-induced lethality}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Afadin mediates cadherin-catenin complex clustering on F-actin linked to cooperative binding and filament curvature. SCIADV, 11(7), eadu0989. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The E-cadherin–β-catenin–αE-catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex couples the cytoskeletons of neighboring cells at adherens junctions (AJs) to mediate force transmission across epithelia. Mechanical force and auxiliary binding partners converge to stabilize the cadherin-catenin complex’s inherently weak binding to actin filaments (F-actin) through unclear mechanisms. Here, we show that afadin’s coiled-coil (CC) domain and vinculin synergistically enhance the cadherin-catenin complex’s F-actin engagement. The cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of an E-cadherin–β-catenin–αE-catenin–vinculin–afadin-CC supra-complex bound to F-actin reveals that afadin-CC bridges adjacent αE-catenin actin-binding domains along the filament, stabilizing flexible αE-catenin segments implicated in mechanical regulation. These cooperative binding contacts promote the formation of supra-complex clusters along F-actin. Additionally, cryo-EM variability analysis links supra-complex binding along individual F-actin strands to nanoscale filament curvature, a deformation mode associated with cytoskeletal forces. Collectively, this work elucidates a mechanistic framework by which vinculin and afadin tune cadherin-catenin complex–cytoskeleton coupling to support AJ function across varying mechanical regimes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Gong and Matthew J. Reynolds and Xiaoyu Sun and Gregory M. Alushin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu0989}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadu0989}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Afadin mediates cadherin-catenin complex clustering on F-actin linked to cooperative binding and filament curvature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-atom–doped piezocatalyst induces copper-free cuproptosis in tumor therapy. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt8451. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cuproptosis, a distinct cell death pathway, has been integrated into nanomedicine for disease theranostics. However, current nanosystems inducing cuproptosis rely on exogenous toxic copper ions, limiting the scope of biomaterials. Developing nanoplatforms that induce cuproptosis without exogenous copper holds substantial promise. Here, we engineered a two-dimensional iron (Fe) single-atom–doped molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) piezocatalyst (Fe-MoS 2 ) for tumor therapy. Incorporating single Fe atoms enhances MoS 2 piezoelectric polarization via charge redistribution and modulates Fe and Mo oxidation states, enabling multifaceted enzymatic activities, including peroxidase-, glutathione oxidase–, oxidase-, and catalase-like activities. Upon ultrasound stimulation, the Fe-MoS 2 nanocatalyst generates reactive oxygen species and depletes glutathione via synergistic piezocatalytic and enzyocatalytic effects, disrupting copper ion homeostasis and inducing cuproptosis, concurrently triggering ferroptosis and ferritinophagy, which collectively enhances tumor suppression. This study represents the first paradigm to introduce a copper-free piezocatalyst for initiating cuproptosis, substantially advancing the applications of cuproptosis in tumor therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Meixiang Zhang and Xinran Song and Yu Qin and Yuanyuan Peng and Shanshan Zhang and Wei Feng and Hui Huang and Yu Chen and Jianqiao Zhou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt8451}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt8451}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-atom–doped piezocatalyst induces copper-free cuproptosis in tumor therapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diffuse scattering from correlated electron systems. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt7770. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The role of inhomegeneity in determining the properties of correlated electron systems is poorly understood because of the dearth of structural probes of disorder at the nanoscale. Advances in both neutron and x-ray scattering instrumentation now allow comprehensive measurements of diffuse scattering in single crystals over large volumes of reciprocal space, enabling structural correlations to be characterized over a range of length scales from 5 to 200 angstroms or more. When combined with new analysis tools, such as three-dimensional difference pair-distribution functions, these advanced capabilities have produced fresh insights into the interplay of structural fluctuations and electronic properties in a broad range of correlated electron materials. This review describes recent investigations that have demonstrated the importance of understanding structural inhomogeneity pertaining to phenomena as diverse as superconductivity, charge density wave modulations, metal-insulator transitions, and multipolar interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Raymond Osborn and Damjan Pelc and Matthew J. Krogstad and Stephan Rosenkranz and Martin Greven}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7770}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt7770}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diffuse scattering from correlated electron systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shortcuts to adiabatic non-abelian braiding on silicon photonic chips. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt7224. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Non-Abelian braiding describes the exchange behavior of anyons, useful for encoding qubits for quantum computing. Recently, this concept has been realized in classical photonic and acoustic systems. However, these implementations are constrained by adiabatic conditions, necessitating long operation distances and hindering practical applications. Here, we conceive and demonstrate shortcut to adiabatic (STA) braiding of light in three-dimensional silicon photonic chips. Our device comprises trilayer silicon waveguides embedded in the SU-8 polymer, using an STA strategy to expedite the braiding operations, resulting in compact devices that function as photonic quantum X, Y, and Z gates. We further experimentally observed non-Abelian braiding behaviors based on this STA-braiding scheme. Our work represents a compact braiding apparatus with a size reduction of nearly three orders of magnitude compared to previous works. This work presents a feasible approach to accelerating adiabatic braiding evolutions, paving the way for compact, CMOS-compatible non-Abelian photonic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wange Song and Xuanyu Liu and Jiacheng Sun and Oubo You and Shengjie Wu and Chen Chen and Shining Zhu and Tao Li and Shuang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7224}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt7224}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shortcuts to adiabatic non-abelian braiding on silicon photonic chips}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexible pyroelectric energy harvesters from nanocomposites of liquid crystal elastomers/lead zirconate titanate nanoparticles. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt6136. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pyroelectric materials that can generate electric charges when subjected to temperature changes are of interest for renewable energy. However, current flexible pyroelectric energy harvesters suffer from low output. Here, we present a nanocomposite of liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) and pyroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanoparticles and demonstrate a flexible heat harvesting device with high output. The overall pyroelectricity is enhanced by the secondary pyroelectricity generated from the thermal stress imposed on the LCE. Calculations and simulations corroborate with experiments, suggesting that the monodomain LCE/PZT with fixed boundaries offers the most enhancement. At a maximum heating rate of 0.20 kelvin per second, the fixed monodomain film (42.7 weight % PZT) shows an output current of 2.81 nanoamperes and a voltage of 6.23 volts, corresponding to a pyroelectric coefficient p of −4.01 nanocoulombs per square centimeter per kelvin, 49% higher than that of the widely used polyvinylidene fluoride. Our energy harvester can charge capacitors and power electronic devices such as light-emitting diodes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shangsong Li and Yuchen Wang and Zixiao Liu and Baohong Chen and Mingzhu Liu and Ximin He and Shu Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt6136}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt6136}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexible pyroelectric energy harvesters from nanocomposites of liquid crystal elastomers/lead zirconate titanate nanoparticles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantifying CO2 forcing effects on lightning, wildfires, and climate interactions. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt5088. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change affects lightning frequency and wildfire intensity globally. To date, model limitations have prevented quantifying climate-lightning-wildfire interactions comprehensively. We exploit advances in Earth System modeling to examine these three-way interactions and their sensitivities to idealized CO 2 forcing in 140-year simulations. Lightning sensitivity to global temperature change (+1.6 ± 0.1% per kelvin) is mitigated by compensating atmospheric effects. Global burned area sensitivity to temperature (+13.8 ± 0.3% per kelvin) is largely driven by intensified fire weather and increased biomass but marginally by lightning changes. We find a universal law characterizing regional-scale modeled fire activity and its CO 2 sensitivity, consistent with basic principles of statistical mechanics. Last, a negative climate feedback through intensified aerosol direct effect from fire emissions reaches an equivalent decrease of 0.91 ± 0.01% in CO 2 radiative forcing. However, this feedback contributes to polar amplification. Our analysis shows that climate-lightning-wildfire interactions involve multiple compensating and amplifying feedbacks, which are sensitive to anthropogenic CO 2 forcing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Vincent Verjans and Christian L. E. Franzke and Sun-Seon Lee and In-Won Kim and Simone Tilmes and David M. Lawrence and Francis Vitt and Fang Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5088}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt5088}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantifying CO2 forcing effects on lightning, wildfires, and climate interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A thallus-forming N-fixing fungus-cyanobacterium symbiosis from subtropical forests. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt4093. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fungi engage in diverse symbiotic relationships with phototrophs. Lichens, symbiotic complexes involving fungi and either cyanobacteria, green algae, or both, have fungi forming the external layer and much of the interior. We found an erect thallus resembling a lichen yet with an unexpected thallus structure composed of interwoven cyanobacterial filaments with numerous fungal hyphae inserted within individual cyanobacterial sheaths, contrasting with typical lichen structure. Phylogenetics identified the fungus as a previously undescribed species, Serendipita cyanobacteriicola , closely related to endophytes, and the cyanobacterium belongs to the family Coleofasciculaceae, representing a genus and species not yet classified, Symbiothallus taiwanensis . These thalli exhibit nitrogen-fixing activity similar to mosses but lower than cyanolichens. Both symbiotic partners are distinct from known lichen-forming symbionts, uncovering a phylogenetically and morphologically unprecedented thallus-forming fungus-cyanobacterium symbiosis. We propose the name “phyllosymbia” for these thalli to underscore their unique symbiotic nature and leaf-like appearance. This finding marks a previously unknown instance of fungi solely residing within structures generated by cyanobacteria.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Che-Chih Chen and Qiao-Yi Xie and Po-Shun Chuang and Romain Darnajoux and Yi-Ying Chien and Wen-Hong Wang and Xuejiao Tian and Chiao-Hui Tu and Bi-Chang Chen and Sen-Ling Tang and Ko-Hsuan Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4093}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt4093}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A thallus-forming N-fixing fungus-cyanobacterium symbiosis from subtropical forests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Double-opponent spiking neuron array with orientation selectivity for encoding and spatial-chromatic processing. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt3584. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Color spiking encoding and opponent preprocessing are critical for energy-efficient object perception in the human visual system. Emulating the retina and brain’s integration of spatial and chromatic spiking signals holds promise for enhancing the efficiency of vision sensors. Here, we introduce an artificial visual neuron array that generates excitatory or inhibitory spiking responses to specific wavelengths with orientation selectivity. The neuron array can function as double-opponent receptive fields for spatial-chromatic opponent preprocessing to color signals, emulating the neural pathway from the retina to the cortex. With the color spiking preprocessing function of the neuron array, the recognition accuracy is improved almost twofold compared to direct perception of underexposure objects, and the noise robustness is also strengthened. This architecture leverages biological mechanisms for simultaneous spike encoding and antagonistic preprocessing of color information, offering the potential for highly efficient neuromorphic vision systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dingwei Li and Guolei Liu and Fanfan Li and Huihui Ren and Yingjie Tang and Yitong Chen and Yan Wang and Rui Wang and Saisai Wang and Lixiang Xing and Qi Huang and Bowen Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3584}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt3584}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Double-opponent spiking neuron array with orientation selectivity for encoding and spatial-chromatic processing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inverse conjugate additions of acrylic amides and esters with F/Cl/O/N-nucleophiles and CF3+ reagents. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt2715. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The conjugate additions of nucleophiles to conjugate acceptors are among the most powerful hetero-carbon bond formation reactions. The conjugate addition normally occurs via a β-nucleophilic addition, resulting in the formation of a stabilized α-carbanion intermediate that can be subsequently quenched by electrophiles or protons. Nevertheless, the inverse conjugate addition involving an α-specific nucleophilic addition remains less explored because of the electronic mismatch. In this research, we disclosed an α-specific nucleophilic addition of the nucleophiles including Py·HF, TBACl, HOR, H 2 O, H 2 18 O, RCO 2 H, and pyrazole to conjugate acceptors concurrent with a trifluoromethylation. This umpolung and inversely regioselective conjugate addition, enabled by a visible light–induced redox photocatalysis, occurred via an unusual α-nucleophilic addition other than the normal β-nucleophilic addition to efficiently generate diverse α-functionalized CF 3 -containing amides/esters. The broad substrate scope, excellent functional-group tolerance, and versatile late-stage derivatizations as well as the biologically and functionally important CF 3 -containing products demonstrated the potential applications of this protocol in materials, agrochemicals, and pharmaceutical chemistry.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoxiao Liu and Yuan Kou and Hao Wu and Tong-Xin Liu and Qingfeng Liu and Zhiguo Zhang and Xingjie Zhang and Guisheng Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2715}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt2715}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inverse conjugate additions of acrylic amides and esters with F/Cl/O/N-nucleophiles and CF3+ reagents}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Epithelialized chimeric repairing patch supports in situ healing of tracheal fistula. SCIADV, 11(7), eadt1320. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tracheal fistula (TF) is a severe thoracic disease characterized by high mortality rates, and current treatment methods present substantial risks while presenting challenges in reepithelialization. In this study, we developed a chimeric repairing patch (CRP) featuring a double-disc structure, designed to seal TF defects and promote organized tissue regeneration. The CRP incorporates a double–cross-linking silk fibroin network and hierarchical micropores, resulting in a flexible, hydrophilic, and biocompatible patch with tissue-matching mechanical properties. The CRP could effectively seal defects and encourage tissue ingrowth, successfully repairing TF. A tissue-engineered epithelialized CRP (E-CRP) was further developed to enhance in situ reepithelialization. The CRP demonstrated reliable structural stability and facilitated effective tissue regeneration and functional reconstruction of TF defects in a large animal model. Furthermore, the customized CRPs might be preloaded into a bronchoscope and precisely delivered to TF defects via noninvasive implantation. Consequently, the proposed CRP/E-CRP represents a promising scaffold for TF treatment, with substantial transformative potential in clinical practice.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xingqi Song and Baoshuai Bai and Ke Li and Xun Wei and Yuesheng Wang and Zenghui Jia and Yuanqi Ma and Yixin Zhang and Guangyu Ji and Guangdong Zhou and Dong Lei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1320}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadt1320}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Epithelialized chimeric repairing patch supports in situ healing of tracheal fistula}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Decoding aptamer-protein binding kinetics for continuous biosensing using single-molecule techniques. SCIADV, 11(7), eads9687. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Continuous biosensing provides real-time information about biochemical processes and holds great potential for health monitoring. Aptamers have emerged as promising alternatives over traditional biorecognition elements. However, the underlying aptamer-target binding interactions are often poorly understood. Here, we present a technique that can decode aptamer-protein binding interactions at the single-molecule level. We demonstrate that our single-molecule assay is able to decode the underlying binding kinetics of aptamers despite their similar binding affinity. Guided by computational simulations and validated with quartz crystal microbalance experiments, we show that the quantitative insights generated by this single-molecule technique enabled the rational understanding of biosensor performance (i.e., the sensitivity and limit of detection). This capability was demonstrated with thrombin as the analyte and the structurally similar aptamers HD1, RE31, and NU172 as the biorecognition elements. This work decodes aptamer-protein interactions with high temporal resolution, paving the way for the rational design of aptamer-based biosensors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mike Filius and Lena Fasching and Raman van Wee and Alina Y. Rwei and Chirlmin Joo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9687}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads9687}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Decoding aptamer-protein binding kinetics for continuous biosensing using single-molecule techniques}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast photocurrent hysteresis in photoferroelectric α-In2Se3 diagnosed by terahertz emission spectroscopy. SCIADV, 11(7), eads8786. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonvolatile control over the physical state of polar materials through all-optical methods has been a long-standing objective pursued in optoelectronics. Photoferroelectric semiconductors exhibit immense potential in capturing multimodal nonvolatile states, attributed to their spontaneous and reversible in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations. Herein, we uncover an unprecedented nonvolatile, zero-bias, ultrafast photocurrent hysteresis response with an innovative all-optical approach, discerned by analyzing in-plane and out-of-plane terahertz (THz) waves emitted from photoferroelectric α-In 2 Se 3 . The mechanism underlying such ultrafast photocurrent hysteresis arises from anomalous linear and circular photovoltaic effects synchronously fueled by a localized rearrangement of polarization. By harnessing the anisotropic photoferroelectric kinetics–induced relative phase between the in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations, we further demonstrate the flexible selection of chirality, tunable rotational angle, and optimizable ellipticity of THz waves. Our findings present a unique ultrafast and nondestructive strategy for investigating photoferroelectric hysteresis, empowering dynamic polarization manipulation of THz waves for a wide range of THz applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhen Lei and Jiawei Chang and Qiyi Zhao and Jian Zhou and Yuanyuan Huang and Qihua Xiong and Xinlong Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8786}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads8786}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast photocurrent hysteresis in photoferroelectric α-In2Se3 diagnosed by terahertz emission spectroscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Finding independent sets in large-scale graphs with a coherent ising machine. SCIADV, 11(7), eads7223. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Combinatorial optimizers using physical systems, or “Ising machines,” have been intensively studied as a way of computation that is more efficient than current digital computers. Here, we demonstrate that a coherent Ising machine (CIM) based on degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) pulses can find solutions to large-scale maximum independent set problems, which is an essential optimization problem that is closely related to real-world optimization tasks. We implemented a stable external field for each Ising spin as an interaction between a DOPO pulse and a group of ferromagnetically coupled auxiliary pulses. Consequently, the CIM delivered independent sets for dense graphs with up to 40,000 nodes. We compared the performance of the CIM with that of optimized simulated annealing algorithm implemented on a digital computer and found that the CIM outperformed the central processing unit (CPU) in terms of the time needed to obtain good approximate solutions when the graph size exceeded several thousand nodes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hiroki Takesue and Kensuke Inaba and Toshimori Honjo and Yasuhiro Yamada and Takuya Ikuta and Yuya Yonezu and Takahiro Inagaki and Takeshi Umeki and Ryoichi Kasahara}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7223}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads7223}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Finding independent sets in large-scale graphs with a coherent ising machine}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A reassessment of the “hard-steps” model for the evolution of intelligent life. SCIADV, 11(7), eads5698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {According to the “hard-steps” model, the origin of humanity required “successful passage through a number of intermediate steps” (so-called “hard steps”) that were intrinsically improbable in the time available for biological evolution on Earth. This model similarly predicts that technological life analogous to human life on Earth is “exceedingly rare” in the Universe. Here, we critically reevaluate core assumptions of the hard-steps model through the lens of historical geobiology. Specifically, we propose an alternative model where there are no hard steps, and evolutionary singularities required for human origins can be explained via mechanisms outside of intrinsic improbability. Furthermore, if Earth’s surface environment was initially inhospitable not only to human life, but also to certain key intermediate steps required for human existence, then the timing of human origins was controlled by the sequential opening of new global environmental windows of habitability over Earth history.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel B. Mills and Jennifer L. Macalady and Adam Frank and Jason T. Wright}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads5698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A reassessment of the “hard-steps” model for the evolution of intelligent life}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Structures and membrane interactions of human OAT1 in complex with clinical used drugs. SCIADV, 11(7), eads5405. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Organic anion transporters (OATs) in mammals mediate the renal excretion of numerous structurally diverse organic anionic compounds. Therapeutically inhibiting OATs has emerged as a strategy to modulate the elimination or retention of these substrates. Among them, OAT1 plays a pivotal role in the pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of a wide range of prescription medications. Despite extensive structural investigations, the molecular structure, and basis of polyspecific anionic drug recognition of human OAT1 (hOAT1) have remained elusive. Here, we present cryogenic electron microscopy structures of hOAT1 and its complexes with the antiviral drug cidofovir and an FDA-approved type II diabetes medication glibenclamide, respectively. Our findings reveal that both cidofovir and glibenclamide bind to a central binding site, capturing the transporter in inward-facing conformations. These structures elucidate how specific residues within the central site orchestrate the binding of chemically diverse inhibitors and provide a structural basis for the drug recognition mechanism of hOAT1.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuening Wu and Yongbo Luo and Shijian Feng and Haiyun Ma and Bowen Ke and Kunjie Wang and Zhaoming Su and Dongxue Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5405}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads5405}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Structures and membrane interactions of human OAT1 in complex with clinical used drugs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Turning antagonists into allies: Bacterial-fungal interactions enhance the efficacy of controlling fusarium wilt disease. SCIADV, 11(7), eads5089. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intense microbial competition in soil has driven the evolution of resistance mechanisms, yet the implications of such evolution on plant health remain unclear. Our study explored the conversion from antagonism to coexistence between Bacillus velezensis ( Bv ) and Trichoderma guizhouense ( Tg ) and its effects on Fusarium wilt disease (FWD) control. We found a bacilysin transmembrane transporter ( Tg MFS4) in Tg , critical during cross-kingdom dialogue with B v. Deleting Tgmfs4 (Δ Tgmfs4 ) mitigated Bv - Tg antagonism, reduced bacilysin import into Tg , and elevated its level in the coculture environment. This increase acted as a feedback regulator, limiting overproduction and enhancing Bv biomass. Δ Tgmfs4 coinoculation with Bv demonstrated enhanced FWD control relative to wild-type Tg ( Tg -WT). In addition, the Tg -WT+ Bv consortium up-regulated antimycotic secretion pathways, whereas the Δ Tgmfs4 + Bv consortium enriched the CAZyme (carbohydrate-active enzyme) family gene expression in the rhizosphere, potentiating plant immune responses. This study elucidates the intricacies of bacterial-fungal interactions and their ramifications for plant health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tuo Li and Xiaoteng Shi and Jiaguo Wang and Yihao Zhou and Tuokai Wang and Yan Xu and Zhihui Xu and Waseem Raza and Dongyang Liu and Qirong Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5089}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads5089}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Turning antagonists into allies: Bacterial-fungal interactions enhance the efficacy of controlling fusarium wilt disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Squalene acts as a feedback signaling molecule in facilitating bidirectional communication between tea plants. SCIADV, 11(7), eads4888. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plants respond to environmental stimuli by releasing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which play diverse roles in plant-to-plant interactions. Previous studies have primarily focused on how receiving plants respond. However, little is known about how these receivers communicate back to the emitter plants and their subsequent impacts. Our findings indicated increased plant tolerance when neighboring plants were present, suggesting bidirectional plant communication. Furthermore, we established a model to explore the role of signals from receiver plants, identifying squalene as a crucial feedback signal enhancing the cold tolerance in emitter plants by up-regulating CsCBF5 expression. Further analysis using yeast one-hybrid analysis coupled with inhibition of brassinosteroid pathways suggested that squalene-induced castasterone (CS) accumulation directly activated CsCBF5 expression modulated by CsBES1/BZR1 . Overall, these results demonstrated the role of the squalene-CS- BES1/BZR1 - CBF5 pathway in the bidirectional communication between plants, expanding our understanding of plant interactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jieyang Jin and Mingyue Zhao and Keke Yu and Mengting Zhang and Jingming Wang and Yutong Hu and Danyang Guo and Kai Wang and Qiang Wang and Jilai Cui and Yuantao Liu and Tingting Jing and Wilfried Schwab and Chuankui Song}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4888}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads4888}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Squalene acts as a feedback signaling molecule in facilitating bidirectional communication between tea plants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ albumin tagging for targeted imaging of endothelial barrier disruption. SCIADV, 11(7), eads4412. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The endothelial barrier (EB) is a critical component of the body’s homeostatic mechanisms, thus developing effective imaging techniques to visualize its integrity is essential. The EB disruption is accompanied by the alternations in permeability and even the breakdown of tight junctions (TJs), leading to the leakage of albumin; thus, albumin can serve as a biomarker for EB disruption. Herein, we develop an albumin-specific, covalently tagged near-infrared II (NIR-II) dye, with its high selectivity for endogenous albumin, for targeted imaging EB disruption. Our albumin-tagging dye serves as a chromophore to construct NIR-II fluorescent proteins in situ, with substantially improved brightness. Thus, through in situ dye tagging of endogenous albumin as the efficient “targeting agent,” we can precisely image disruptions in various endothelial barriers. Unlike the traditional exogenous targeting agents (e.g., dye-labeled antibodies) with enzymatic degradation or immune system capture issues, in situ albumin tagging demonstrates superhigh performance for targeted imaging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zetao Dang and Xue Zheng and Yanli Gao and Yijing Du and Yuewei Zhang and Shoujun Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4412}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads4412}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ albumin tagging for targeted imaging of endothelial barrier disruption}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MAGE-a4 induces non–small cell lung cancer and tumor-promoting plasma cell accumulation. SCIADV, 11(7), eads4227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adaptive immunity is critical in eliminating tumors, but cancer-intrinsic factors can subvert this function. Melanoma antigen-A4 (MAGE-A4), a cancer-testis antigen, is expressed in solid tumors and correlates with poor survival, but its role in tumorigenesis and antitumor immunity remains unclear. We found that expression of MAGE-A4 was highly associated with the loss of PTEN , a tumor suppressor, in human non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Here, we show that constitutive expression of human MAGE-A4 with Pten loss in mouse airway epithelia results in metastatic adenocarcinoma. Tumors showed distinct enrichment in IgA + CD138 + CXCR4 + plasma cells (PCs) and increased expression of CXCL12 in endothelial cells. Consistently, human NSCLC expressing MAGE-A4 showed increased CD138 + IgA + PCs surrounding tumors. Abrogation of PCs decreased tumor burden, increased activated T cell infiltration, and reduced CD163 + CD206 + macrophages in the MAGE-A4–induced lung tumors. These findings suggest MAGE-A4 promotes NSCLC tumorigenesis, in part, through the recruitment and retention of IgA + PCs in the lungs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dominique Armstrong and Cheng-Yen Chang and Monica J. Hong and Linda Green and Yichao Shen and William Hudson and Kelsey E. Mauk and Li-Zhen Song and Sheetal Jammi and Benjamin Casal and Brianna Burns and Chad J. Creighton and Alexandre Carisey and Xiang H.-F. Zhang and Neil J. McKenna and Sung Wook Kang and Hyun-Sung Lee and William Decker and David B. Corry and Farrah Kheradmand}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads4227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MAGE-a4 induces non–small cell lung cancer and tumor-promoting plasma cell accumulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phase separation of the poplar microtubule-associated protein PagPCaP1a aids microtubule depolymerization in response to high salt. SCIADV, 11(7), eads3653. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Woody plants must acclimate to environmental stresses, including soil salinity, for proper growth and development. Microtubule reorganization supports plant survival in saline-rich soils, but the underlying molecular mechanism in tree species remains unclear. In this study, we identified a salinity stress response mechanism in hybrid poplar seedlings. This mechanism involves regulation of microtubule dynamics by the microtubule-associated protein PLASMA MEMBRANE–ASSOCIATED CATION BINDING PROTEIN 1a (PagPCaP1a). Salinity stress induced PagPCaP1a expression and phase separation of PagPCaP1a protein to form PagPCaP1a condensates in a calcium-dependent manner. The formation of PagPCaP1a condensates was partially driven by the VEEEKK motif within the carboxyl terminus of the protein, which rapidly depolymerizes microtubules under salinity stress. Our study reveals that the liquid-liquid phase separation of PagPCaP1a represents an additional regulatory layer for microtubule depolymerization, and we propose an effective strategy to manipulate the phase separation of PagPCaP1a to improve plant stress tolerance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Na Lian and Xinyuan Zhang and Xinwei Wang and Yu Zhang and Xinyuan Wu and Hongping Qian and Qizouhong He and Yanping Jing and Tonglin Mao and Jinxing Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3653}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads3653}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phase separation of the poplar microtubule-associated protein PagPCaP1a aids microtubule depolymerization in response to high salt}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diabetes potentiates the emergence and expansion of antibiotic resistance. SCIADV, 11(7), eads1591. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Individuals with diabetes mellitus frequently develop severe skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) that are recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment. We examined how diabetes affects the emergence of antibiotic resistance in a Staphylococcus aureus SSTI. We determined that S. aureus evolves antibiotic resistance rapidly in diabetic mice, while resistance did not occur in nondiabetic mice over the course of infection. Diabetes-associated immune cell dysfunction plays a minor role in the emergence of resistance, while hyperglycemia plays a dominant role facilitating the expansion and takeover of resistant mutants in diabetic infections. Furthermore, vancomycin intermediate resistant isolates display a pronounced fitness defect in nondiabetic mice but not in diabetic mice. Together, these data suggest that the diabetic infection environment represents an ideal reservoir for the emergence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance. Controlling the blood sugar of diabetic mice with insulin resulted in significantly decreased incidence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {John C. Shook and Christopher J. Genito and Benjamin P. Darwitz and Kaleb J. Tyson and Amanda Z. Velez and Sophia K. Bridwell and Joshua B. Parsons and Sarah E. Rowe and Christopher W. Marshall and Brian P. Conlon and Lance R. Thurlow}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1591}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads1591}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diabetes potentiates the emergence and expansion of antibiotic resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular spin-probe sensing of H-mediated changes in co nanomagnets. SCIADV, 11(7), eads1456. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The influence of hydrogen on magnetization is of substantial interest to spintronics. Understanding and controlling this phenomenon at the atomic scale, in particular in nanoscale systems, is crucial. In this study, we used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) combined with a nickelocene molecule to sense the spin of a hydrogen-loaded nanoscale Co island grown on Cu(111). Magnetic exchange maps obtained from the molecular tip revealed the presence of a hydrogen superstructure and a 90° rotation of the magnetization compared to the pristine island. Ab initio calculations corroborate these observations, indicating that hydrogen hybridization with Co atoms on the island surface drives the spin reorientation of the island. This reorientation is further reinforced by hydrogen penetration into the island that locates at the Co/Cu interface. However, the subsurface sensitivity of the magnetic exchange maps indicates that this effect is limited. Our study provides valuable microscopic insights into the chemical control of magnetism at the nanoscale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alex Fétida and Olivier Bengone and Christine Goyhenex and Fabrice Scheurer and Roberto Robles and Nicolás Lorente and Laurent Limot}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1456}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads1456}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular spin-probe sensing of H-mediated changes in co nanomagnets}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapidly self-healing electronic skin for machine learning–assisted physiological and movement evaluation. SCIADV, 11(7), eads1301. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Emerging electronic skins (E-Skins) offer continuous, real-time electrophysiological monitoring. However, daily mechanical scratches compromise their functionality, underscoring urgent need for self-healing E-Skins resistant to mechanical damage. Current materials have slow recovery times, impeding reliable signal measurement. The inability to heal within 1 minute is a major barrier to commercialization. A composition achieving 80% recovery within 1 minute has not yet been reported. Here, we present a rapidly self-healing E-Skin tailored for real-time monitoring of physical and physiological bioinformation. The E-Skin recovers more than 80% of its functionality within 10 seconds after physical damage, without the need of external stimuli. It consistently maintains reliable biometric assessment, even in extreme environments such as underwater or at various temperatures. Demonstrating its potential for efficient health assessment, the E-Skin achieves an accuracy exceeding 95%, excelling in wearable muscle strength analytics and on-site AI-driven fatigue identification. This study accelerates the advancement of E-Skin through rapid self-healing capabilities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongju Lee and Xinyu Tian and Jaewon Park and Dong Hyun Nam and Zhuohong Wu and Hyojeong Choi and Juhwan Kim and Dong-Wook Park and Keren Zhou and Sang Won Lee and Tanveer A. Tabish and Xuanbing Cheng and Sam Emaminejad and Tae-Woo Lee and Hyeok Kim and Ali Khademhosseini and Yangzhi Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1301}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads1301}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapidly self-healing electronic skin for machine learning–assisted physiological and movement evaluation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Super-resolution imaging reveals resistance to mass transfer in functionalized stationary phases. SCIADV, 11(7), eads0790. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chemical separations are costly in terms of energy, time, and money. Separation methods are optimized with inefficient trial-and-error approaches that lack insight into the molecular dynamics that lead to the success or failure of a separation and, hence, ways to improve the process. We perform super-resolution imaging of fluorescent analytes in five different commercial liquid chromatography materials. Unexpectedly, we observe that chemical functionalization can block more than 50% of the material’s porous interior, rendering it inaccessible to small-molecule analytes. Only in situ imaging unveils the inaccessibility when compared to the industry-accepted ex situ characterization methods. Selectively removing some of the functionalization with solvent restores pore access without substantially altering the single-molecule kinetics that underlie the separation and agree with bulk chromatography measurements. Our molecular results determine that commercial “fully porous” stationary phases are over-functionalized and provide an alternative avenue to characterize and direct separation material design from the bottom-up.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ricardo Monge Neria and Muhammad Zeeshan and Aman Kapoor and Tae Kyong John Kim and Nichole Hoven and Jeffrey S. Pigott and Burcu Gurkan and Christine E. Duval and Rachel A. Saylor and Lydia Kisley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0790}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads0790}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Super-resolution imaging reveals resistance to mass transfer in functionalized stationary phases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-performance electroadhesive clutches with multilayered architecture. SCIADV, 11(7), eads0766. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electroadhesive (EA) clutches are promising for advanced motion and force control in robotics, haptics, and rehabilitation, owing to their compactness and light weight. However, their practical use is limited by the inability to deliver high forces at low voltages, primarily due to a lack of understanding of their mechanics. We introduce a novel deformable body fracture mechanics approach and high-resolution strain field imaging to reveal that nonuniform stress distributions cause EA clutches to fail through delamination and crack propagation. Using this insight, we developed EA clutches sustaining 22 newtons over 1 square centimeter at 100 volts, achieving the highest stress per voltage among similar clutches. This was achieved by incorporating a soft interlayer and peeling stopper for uniform stress distribution and mitigating the failure modes. These EA clutches were integrated into a lightweight ring-based wearable system for finger rehabilitation and haptics. Our findings lay the groundwork for designing low-voltage, high-performance EA clutches for next-generation motion and force control applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bekir Aksoy and Sylvia Tan and Michael A. Peshkin and J. Edward Colgate}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0766}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads0766}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-performance electroadhesive clutches with multilayered architecture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reduced RG-II pectin dimerization disrupts differential growth by attenuating hormonal regulation. SCIADV, 11(7), eads0760. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Defects in cell wall integrity (CWI) profoundly affect plant growth, although, underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We show that in Arabidopsis mur1 mutant, CWI defects from compromising dimerization of RG-II pectin, a key component of cell wall, attenuate the expression of auxin response factors ARF7-ARF19 . As a result, polar auxin transport components are misexpressed, disrupting auxin response asymmetry, leading to defective apical hook development. Accordingly, mur1 hook defects are suppressed by enhancing ARF7 expression. In addition, expression of brassinosteroid biosynthesis genes is down-regulated in mur1 mutant, and supplementing brassinosteroid or enhancing brassinosteroid signaling suppresses mur1 hook defects. Intriguingly, brassinosteroid enhances RG-II dimerization, showing hormonal feedback to the cell wall. Our results thus reveal a previously unrecognized link between cell wall defects from reduced RG-II dimerization and growth regulation mediated via modulation of auxin-brassinosteroid pathways in early seedling development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pawan Kumar Jewaria and Bibek Aryal and Rifat Ara Begum and Yaowei Wang and Gloria Sancho-Andrés and Abu Imran Baba and Meng Yu and Xiaojuan Li and Jinxing Lin and Stephen C. Fry and Stephane Verger and Eugenia Russinova and Kristoffer Jonsson and Rishikesh P. Bhalerao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0760}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads0760}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reduced RG-II pectin dimerization disrupts differential growth by attenuating hormonal regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Canalization-based super-resolution imaging using an individual van der waals thin layer. SCIADV, 11(7), eads0569. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Canalization is an optical phenomenon that enables unidirectional light propagation without predefined waveguiding designs. Recently demonstrated using phonon polaritons in twisted van der Waals (vdW) layers of α-MoO 3 , it offers unprecedented possibilities for controlling light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. However, practical applications have been hindered by the complex sample fabrication of twisted stacks. In this work, we introduce a previously unexplored canalization phenomenon in a single-thin vdW layer (α-MoO 3 ) interfaced with a substrate exhibiting a given negative permittivity. This enables a proof-of-concept application of polariton canalization: super-resolution nanoimaging (~λ 0 /220). Canalization-based imaging transcends conventional projection constraints, allowing the super-resolution images to be obtained at any desired location in the image plane. This versatility stems from the synergetic manipulation of three key parameters: incident frequency, rotation angle of the thin vdW layer, and thickness. Our results provide insights into the properties of canalization and constitute a seminal step toward multifaceted photonic applications, including imaging, data transmission, and ultracompact photonic integration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiahua Duan and Aitana Tarazaga Martín-Luengo and Christian Lanza and Stefan Partel and Kirill Voronin and Ana Isabel F. Tresguerres-Mata and Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez and Alexey Y. Nikitin and Javier Martín-Sánchez and Pablo Alonso-González}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0569}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads0569}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Canalization-based super-resolution imaging using an individual van der waals thin layer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Correlation-driven attosecond photoemission delay in the plasmonic excitation of c60 fullerene. SCIADV, 11(7), eads0494. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Extreme light confinement in plasmonic nanosystems enables novel applications in photonics, sensor technology, energy harvesting, biology, and quantum information processing. Fullerenes represent an extreme case for nanoplasmonics: They are subnanometer carbon-based molecules showing high-energy and ultrabroad plasmon resonances; however, the fundamental mechanisms driving the plasmonic response and the corresponding collective electron dynamics are still elusive. Here, we uncover the dominant role of electron correlations in the dynamics of the giant plasmon resonance (GPR) of the subnanometer system C 60 by using attosecond photoemission chronoscopy. We find a characteristic photoemission delay of up to about 300 attoseconds that is purely induced by coherent large-scale electron correlations in the plasmonic potential. These results provide insights into the nature of the plasmon resonances in subnanometer systems and open perspectives for advancing nanoplasmonic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shubhadeep Biswas and Andrea Trabattoni and Philipp Rupp and Maia Magrakvelidze and Mohamed El-Amine Madjet and Umberto De Giovannini and Mattea C. Castrovilli and Mara Galli and Qingcao Liu and Erik P. Månsson and Johannes Schötz and Vincent Wanie and Pawel Wnuk and Lorenzo Colaizzi and Daniele Mocci and Maurizio Reduzzi and Matteo Lucchini and Mauro Nisoli and Angel Rubio and Himadri S. Chakraborty and Matthias F. Kling and Francesca Calegari}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0494}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eads0494}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Correlation-driven attosecond photoemission delay in the plasmonic excitation of c60 fullerene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). VARP binds SNX27 to promote endosomal supercomplex formation on membranes. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr9340. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Endosomes are vital cellular hubs for sorting protein cargoes. Retromer (VPS26/VPS35/VPS29) binds multiple sorting nexin (SNX) proteins on endosomal membranes, but assembly mechanisms of metazoan SNX/Retromer complexes remain elusive. We combine biochemical and biophysical approaches with AlphaFold modeling to identify a previously unidentified direct interaction between SNX27 and VARP. A full biochemical reconstitution system using purified proteins systematically tests how and when coats are recruited to membranes to generate tubules. We demonstrate and measure how specific combinations of Retromer with SNX27, ESCPE-1 (SNX2/SNX6), or both complexes, remodel membranes containing physiological cargo and phospholipids. SNX27, alone and with Retromer, remodels membranes with PI(3)P and PDZbm cargo. ESCPE-1 deforms membranes with bis-phosphoinositides and CI-MPR cargo but surprisingly does not recruit Retromer. VARP co-immunoprecipitates all coat components in cells and is required to reconstitute a proposed endosomal “supercomplex” (SNX27, ESCPE-1, and Retromer) in vitro. These data suggest VARP regulates metazoan endosomal coat assembly to promote cargo sorting out of endosomes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mintu Chandra and Amy K. Kendall and Marijn G. J. Ford and Lauren P. Jackson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9340}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr9340}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {VARP binds SNX27 to promote endosomal supercomplex formation on membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-supervised machine learning methods for protein design improve sampling but not the identification of high-fitness variants. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr7338. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Machine learning (ML) is changing the world of computational protein design, with data-driven methods surpassing biophysical-based methods in experimental success. However, they are most often reported as case studies, lack integration and standardization, and are therefore hard to objectively compare. In this study, we established a streamlined and diverse toolbox for methods that predict amino acid probabilities inside the Rosetta software framework that allows for the side-by-side comparison of these models. Subsequently, existing protein fitness landscapes were used to benchmark novel ML methods in realistic protein design settings. We focused on the traditional problems of protein design: sampling and scoring. A major finding of our study is that ML approaches are better at purging the sampling space from deleterious mutations. Nevertheless, scoring resulting mutations without model fine-tuning showed no clear improvement over scoring with Rosetta. We conclude that ML now complements, rather than replaces, biophysical methods in protein design.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Moritz Ertelt and Rocco Moretti and Jens Meiler and Clara T. Schoeder}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7338}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr7338}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-supervised machine learning methods for protein design improve sampling but not the identification of high-fitness variants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fully analog iteration for solving matrix equations with in-memory computing. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr6391. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Memristive in-memory computing has demonstrated potential for solving matrix equations in scientific computing. However, the inherent inaccuracies of analog mechanisms create challenges in achieving high-precision solutions while maintaining low-energy consumption. This study introduces a memristive matrix equation solver that considerably accelerates solutions by performing mathematical iterations directly within an analog domain. Our approach facilitates rapid approximate solutions with a scalable circuit topology and expedites the high-precision refinement process by substantially reducing the digital-to-analog conversion overhead. We experimentally validated this methodology using a heterogeneous computing system. We performed simulations of multiple scientific problems on these circuits, including solving the diffusion equation and modeling equilibration in silicon P-N junctions. Notably, our memristive solver, combined with digital refinement, achieved software-equivalent precision (with an error of 10 −12 ). Compared to conventional digital processing units, this approach offered a 128-fold improvement in solution speed and a 160-fold reduction in energy consumption. This work establishes a foundation for future scientific computing using imprecise analog devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiancong Li and Yibai Xue and Yi Li and Han Jia and Zhiwei Zhou and Ling Yang and Shengguang Ren and Jia Chen and Yuhui He and Kanhao Xue and Ming Xu and Xiangshui Miao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6391}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr6391}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fully analog iteration for solving matrix equations with in-memory computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nonstop mutations cause loss of renal tumor suppressor proteins VHL and BAP1 and affect multiple stages of protein translation. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr6375. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nonstop extension or stop-loss mutations lead to the extension of a protein at its carboxyl terminus. Recently, nonstop mutations in the tumor suppressor SMAD Family Member 4 ( SMAD4 ) have been discovered to lead to proteasomal SMAD4 degradation. However, this mutation type has not been studied in other cancer genes. Here, we explore somatic nonstop mutations in the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 Associated Protein 1 ( BAP1 ) and Von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL ) enriched in renal cell carcinoma. For BAP1 , nonstop mutations generate an extremely long extension. Instead of proteasomal degradation, the extension decreases translation and depletes BAP1 messenger RNA from heavy polysomes. For VHL , the short extension leads to proteasomal degradation. Unexpectedly, the mutation alters the selection of the translational start site shifting VHL isoforms. We identify germline VHL nonstop mutations in patients leading to the early onset of severe disease manifestations. In summary, nonstop extension mutations inhibit the expression of renal tumor suppressor genes with pleiotropic effects on translation and protein stability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jagriti Pal and Marisa Riester and Athina Ganner and Avantika Ghosh and Sonam Dhamija and Debdatto Mookherjee and Christian Voss and Ian J. Frew and Fruzsina Kotsis and Elke Neumann-Haefelin and Anne Spang and Sven Diederichs}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6375}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr6375}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nonstop mutations cause loss of renal tumor suppressor proteins VHL and BAP1 and affect multiple stages of protein translation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ATR-hippo drives force signaling to nuclear F-actin and links mechanotransduction to neurological disorders. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr5683. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanical environment is sensed through cell-matrix contacts with the cytoskeleton, but how signals transit the nuclear envelope to affect cell fate decisions remains unknown. Nuclear actin coordinates chromatin motility during differentiation and genome maintenance, yet it remains unclear how nuclear actin responds to mechanical force. The DNA-damage kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) translocates to the nuclear envelope to protect the nucleus during cell motility or compression. Here, we show that ATR drives nuclear actin assembly via recruitment of Filamin-A to the inner nuclear membrane through binding of the hippo pathway scaffold and ATR substrate, RASSF1A. Moreover, we demonstrate how germline RASSF1 mutation disables nuclear mechanotransduction resulting in cerebral cortex thinning and associates with common psychological traits. Thus, defective mechanical-regulated pathways may contribute to complex neurological disorders.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maria Chatzifrangkeskou and Tess Stanly and Delia Koennig and Luana Campos-Soares and Michael Eyres and Alexander Hasson and Alexandra Perdiou and Iolanda Vendrell and Roman Fischer and Sayoni Das and Steve Gardner and Simei Go and Ben Futcher and Ashley Newton and Paris Skourides and Francis Szele and Eric O’Neill}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5683}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr5683}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ATR-hippo drives force signaling to nuclear F-actin and links mechanotransduction to neurological disorders}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Intercellular NETwork-facilitated sarcoplasmic reticulum targeting for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury treatment. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr4333. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) often leads to irreversible myocardium dysfunction, while existing therapies are palliatives that transiently alleviate the disease symptoms. Repairing sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA) could reverse MIRI, which, however, requires precise drug delivery to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). To this end, we leverage cell-cell “NETwork” of neutrophils to deliver SERCA activator-loaded SR-localized nanoparticles (L-P-NPs) to the damaged myocardial cells, following a hierarchical targeting process: (i) chemotactic neutrophils deliver L-P-NPs to ischemia-reperfused heart, achieving tissue level targeting; (ii) neutrophils produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to transport L-P-NPs to injured myocardial cell, achieving cellular level targeting; (iii) L-P-NPs escort therapeutic payloads to the SR, achieving subcellular targeting. We showed that this platform profoundly restored SERCA activity, augmented cardiac function, and ameliorated adverse heart remodeling. Our study provides insight into the direct restoration of SR for the effective treatment of MIRI and other muscle diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peihang Jiang and Fangyang Huang and Liqiang Chen and Hao Zhou and Yudi Deng and Lian Li and Mao Chen and Yuan Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4333}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr4333}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Intercellular NETwork-facilitated sarcoplasmic reticulum targeting for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury treatment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). HIV-1 adapts to HLA class II–associated selection pressure exerted by CD4+ and CD8+ t cells. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr4238. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine is a global health priority, but HIV-1 mutational escape from T cells poses a challenge. While escape from human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I)–restricted CD8 + T cells is well characterized, less is known about HLA-II–restricted T cell escape. We used computational methods to identify 149 sites across the HIV-1 clade B genome under HLA-II–associated selection. Functional assays, including activation-induced intracellular cytokine staining and enzyme-linked immunospot for interferon-γ, revealed diverse mechanisms of HIV-1 adaptation to HLA-II–associated immune pressure, ranging from loss to sustained antigen recognition. T cell receptor and RNA sequencing demonstrated variable clonotype overlap of T cell clones to recognize adapted versus non-adapted peptides, with cells targeting adapted peptides exhibiting a dysfunctional transcriptomic state. Moreover, incorporating HLA-II–associated adaptation strengthened the correlation between Gag-specific viral adaptation and poor disease outcomes. Last, we mapped viral regions prone to HLA-II–associated adaptation and found that these adaptations can increase in frequency within populations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eric Alves and Jennifer Currenti and Keeley Crawford and Abha Chopra and Ramesh Ram and Louise Barnett and James F. Read and Marwah Al-kaabi and Ian James and Jonathan M. Carlson and Max Eton and Sophie Stelmach and Pooja Deshpande and Mark A. Pilkinton and Wyatt J. McDonnell and Anthony Bosco and Simon A. Mallal and Mina John and Spyros A. Kalams and Silvana Gaudieri}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4238}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr4238}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {HIV-1 adapts to HLA class II–associated selection pressure exerted by CD4+ and CD8+ t cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Blue light restores functional circadian clocks in eyeless cave spiders. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr2802. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Evolution in profound darkness often leads to predictable, convergent traits, such as the loss of vision. Yet, the consequences of such repeated evolutionary experiments remain obscure, especially regarding fundamental regulatory behaviors like circadian rhythms. We studied circadian clocks of blind cave spiders and their sighted relatives. In the field, cave spiders exhibit low per expression and maintain constant activity levels. Curiously, their clocks are not permanently lost; exposure to monochromatic blue light restores both circadian gene expression and behavioral rhythms. Conversely, blocking blue light in sighted relatives induces an arrhythmic “cave phenotype.” Our RNA interference experiments suggest that clock genes regulate the rhythmicity of the huddle response, establishing a link between circadian gene networks and this behavioral rhythm. We demonstrate that circadian regulation is readily toggled and may play a latent role, even in constant darkness. Overall, our study expands understanding of circadian clock variations and paves the way for future research on the maintenance of silent phenotypes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinhui Wang and Jian Chang and Kai Wang and Bing Liang and Yang Zhu and Zhihua Liu and Xitong Liang and Jian Chen and Yu Peng and Ingi Agnarsson and Daiqin Li and Jie Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2802}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr2802}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Blue light restores functional circadian clocks in eyeless cave spiders}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exogenous bacterial cellulose induces plant tissue regeneration through the regulation of cytokinin and defense networks. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr1509. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Regeneration is a unique feature of postembryonic development extensively observed in plants. The capacity to induce regeneration exogenously is limited and usually confined to meristematic-like tissues. We show that bacterial cellulose (BC), but not other structurally similar matrixes, induces postwounding regeneration in nonmeristematic plant tissues via a distinctive route to callus-mediated regenerative programs. The BC-specific program involves cytokinin operating concurrently with strongly activated plant biotic response genes to induce plant regeneration. A reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, normally associated with defense responses, is sustained upon BC application, involving a network of tightly interconnected transcription factors, where WRKY8, known for regulating stress responses, shows a clustering and hierarchical prevalence. WRKY8 regulates BC-mediated plant regeneration and ROS homeostasis, including superoxide anion accumulation, to potentially promote cell proliferation after wounding. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the cytokinin- and ROS-associated defense responses can be targeted by BC application to promote plant wound regeneration through alternative regenerative programs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nerea Ruiz-Solaní and Alejandro Alonso-Díaz and Montserrat Capellades and Laura Serrano-Ron and Miquel Ferro-Costa and Álvaro Sanchez-Corrionero and Agnese Rabissi and Cristiana T. Argueso and Ignacio Rubio-Somoza and Anna Laromaine and Miguel A. Moreno-Risueno and Núria S. Coll}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1509}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr1509}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exogenous bacterial cellulose induces plant tissue regeneration through the regulation of cytokinin and defense networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distinct input-specific mechanisms enable presynaptic homeostatic plasticity. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr0262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Synapses are endowed with the flexibility to change through experience, but must be sufficiently stable to last a lifetime. This tension is illustrated at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ), where two motor inputs that differ in structural and functional properties coinnervate most muscles to coordinate locomotion. To stabilize NMJ activity, motor neurons augment neurotransmitter release following diminished postsynaptic glutamate receptor functionality, termed presynaptic homeostatic potentiation (PHP). How these distinct inputs contribute to PHP plasticity remains enigmatic. We have used a botulinum neurotoxin to selectively silence each input and resolve their roles in PHP, demonstrating that PHP is input specific: Chronic (genetic) PHP selectively targets the tonic MN-Ib, where active zone remodeling enhances Ca 2+ influx to promote increased glutamate release. In contrast, acute (pharmacological) PHP selectively increases vesicle pools to potentiate phasic MN-Is. Thus, distinct homeostatic modulations in active zone nanoarchitecture, vesicle pools, and Ca 2+ influx collaborate to enable input-specific PHP expression.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chun Chien and Kaikai He and Sarah Perry and Elizabeth Tchitchkan and Yifu Han and Xiling Li and Dion Dickman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr0262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distinct input-specific mechanisms enable presynaptic homeostatic plasticity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The role of electronic excited states in the spin-lattice relaxation of spin-1/2 molecules. SCIADV, 11(7), eadr0168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic resonance is a prime method for the study of chemical and biological structures and their dynamical processes. The interpretation of many of these experiments relies on understanding how the spin of unpaired electrons exchanges energy with their environment, or lattice, and relaxes to equilibrium. Here, we overcome the common use of effective spin Hamiltonians to describe spin-lattice relaxation in spin-1/2 and apply ab initio open quantum systems theory to their full molecular electronic wavefunction. Simulations for two Cr(V) coordination compounds under this framework show a marked improvement in accuracy and demonstrate that relaxation in spin-1/2 molecules is enabled by virtual transitions to molecular excited states with energy approaching 20,000 cm –1 . This work establishes a connection between the original theory of Van Vleck and modern electronic structure methods, ultimately exemplifying the urgency of further advancing an ab initio approach to spin-lattice relaxation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lorenzo A. Mariano and Vu Ha Anh Nguyen and Jonatan B. Petersen and Magnus Björnsson and Jesper Bendix and Gareth R. Eaton and Sandra S. Eaton and Alessandro Lunghi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadr0168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The role of electronic excited states in the spin-lattice relaxation of spin-1/2 molecules}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biglycan fragment modulates TGF-β activity in intervertebral disc via an eIF6-coupled intracellular path. SCIADV, 11(7), eadq8545. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biglycan, a pericellular small leucine-rich proteoglycan, is crucial in skeletal development and regeneration. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) contributes to back pain and disability. Previous studies have shown that biglycan promotes hypoxic survival of disc progenitor cells, while its depletion accelerates IDD. An association of pathological tissue remodeling with a biglycan fragment 344 YWEVQPATFR, termed Bgm1, has been reported, however its role is yet to be defined. Using a custom antibody, we detected Bgm1 in human and mouse nucleus pulposus, with prominent intracellular expression in notochordal cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that Bgm1 interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6), a key player in ribosome biogenesis. Bgm1 dysregulates eIF6 localization in notochordal cells, affecting nucleocytoplasmic transport. Induced IDD in mice showed elevated nuclear eIF6 expression and reduced Bgm1 in degenerating nucleus pulposus. Transcriptome analysis suggests that Bgm1 regulates fatty acid metabolism and glycolysis in a transforming growth factor–β–dependent manner, highlighting its potential role in metabolic control in spinal joint homeostasis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Manyu Zhu and Stanley Chun Ming Wu and Wai-Kit Tam and Chun Kit Wong and Peng Liao and Kathryn S. Cheah and Danny Chan and Aaron W. James and Victor Y. Leung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8545}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadq8545}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biglycan fragment modulates TGF-β activity in intervertebral disc via an eIF6-coupled intracellular path}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human camouflage and expression via soft mask from reprogrammable chemical fluid skin. SCIADV, 11(7), eadq6141. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Developing a wearable, active, dynamic face-changing mask for human camouflage and expression is a substantial challenge. Many organisms achieve camouflage and expression through skin deformation and color change. Inspired by this, we report a reprogrammable chemical fluid skin, which achieves deformation through fluids like the skin of a pufferfish and achieves color change function like the skin of a chameleon. Based on the skin, we design a soft mask that allows switching between at least eight human faces at a time. The soft mask is lightweight, thin, and fits the wearer’s head. Its actuation is silent and safe, and can realize facial switching, including facial color and shape. By wearing the soft mask, robots can show facial changes and expression modulation, and humans can change their faces as needed. Our work enables the implementation of transforming a human into other humans in the real world to achieve camouflage and expression, which, to date, exists only in people’s imagination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yiding Zhong and Wei Tang and He Gui and Qincheng Sheng and Huxiu Xu and Kecheng Qin and Xinyu Guo and Huayong Yang and Jun Zou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6141}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadq6141}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human camouflage and expression via soft mask from reprogrammable chemical fluid skin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in vasculitis-related immune suppression. SCIADV, 11(7), eadq3342. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Immune suppression poses a challenge to vaccine immunogenicity. We show that serum antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron descendants was largely absent post-doses 1 and 2 in individuals with vasculitis treated with rituximab. Detectable and increasing neutralizing titers were observed post-doses 3 and 4, except for XBB. Rituximab in vasculitis exacerbates neutralization deficits over standard immunosuppressive therapy, although impairment resolves over time since dosing. We observed discordance between detectable IgG binding and neutralizing activity specifically in the context of rituximab use, with high proportions of individuals showing reasonable IgG titer but no neutralization. ADCC response was more frequently detectable compared to neutralization in the context of rituximab, indicating that a notable proportion of binding antibodies are non-neutralizing. Therefore, use of rituximab is associated with severe impairment in neutralization against Omicron descendants despite repeated vaccinations, with better preservation of non-neutralizing antibody activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kimia Kamelian and Benjamin Sievers and Michael Chen-Xu and Sam Turner and Mark Tsz Kin Cheng and Mazharul Altaf and Steven A. Kemp and Adam Abdullahi and Kata Csiba and Dami A. Collier and Petra Mlcochova and Bo Meng and Rachel B. Jones and The CITIID-NIHR BioResource COVID-19 Collaboration and Derek Smith and John Bradley and Kenneth G. C. Smith and Rainer Doffinger and Rona M. Smith and Ravindra K. Gupta}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3342}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadq3342}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in vasculitis-related immune suppression}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disentangling climate’s dual role in dengue dynamics: A multiregion causal analysis study. SCIADV, 11(7), eadq1901. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dengue fever poses major public health challenges, with climate change complicating control efforts. Yet, the full extent of climate change’s impact on dengue remains elusive. To investigate this, we used an advanced causal inference method to 16 diverse climatic regions in the Philippines. This method is capable of detecting nonlinear and joint effects of temperature and rainfall to dengue incidence. We found that temperature consistently increased dengue incidence throughout all the regions, while rainfall effects differed depending on the variation in dry season length, a factor previously overlooked. Specifically, our results showed that regions with low variation in dry season length experience a negative impact of rainfall on dengue incidence likely due to strong flushing effect on mosquito habitats, while regions with high variation in dry season length experience a positive impact, likely due to increased mosquito breeding sites. Our findings emphasize the need for tailored prevention strategies based on local climate conditions, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Olive R. Cawiding and Saebom Jeon and Donnabel Tubera-Panes and Aurelio A. de los Reyes V and Jae Kyoung Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1901}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadq1901}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disentangling climate’s dual role in dengue dynamics: A multiregion causal analysis study}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Efficient perovskite LEDs with tailored atomic layer number emission at fixed wavelengths. SCIADV, 11(7), eadp9595. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have illuminated computer monitors and television screens due to their fascinating color-tunable properties depending on the size. Here, the electroluminescence (EL) wavelength of perovskite LEDs was tuned via the atomic layer number (ALN) of nanoplates (NPs) instead of the “size” in conventional QDs. We demonstrated efficient LEDs with controllably tailored emission from n = 3, 4, 5, and ≥7 ALN perovskite NPs with specific and discrete major peaks at 607, 638, 669, and 728 nanometers. These LEDs demonstrated peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 26.8% and high wavelength reproducibility with less than 1 to 2 nm difference between batches. High color stability without observable EL spectral change and operating stability with the best T 50 of 267 minutes at 1.0 milliampere per square centimeter was also achieved. This work demonstrates a concept of tailoring specific ALN emission with fixed wavelengths, shedding light on efficient, emission-discrete, and color-stable LEDs for next-generation display.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ligang Wang and Zher Ying Ooi and Feng-Yan Jia and Yuqi Sun and Yun Liu and Linjie Dai and Junzhi Ye and Jincan Zhang and Hio-Ieng Un and Yu-Hsien Chiang and Sanyang Han and Alessandro James Mirabelli and Miguel Anaya and Zhilong Zhang and Yang Lu and Chen Zou and Baodan Zhao and Dawei Di and Xiaodong Yang and Dengyang Guo and Yu Tan and Hao Dong and Shaocheng Liu and Tianjun Liu and Huanping Zhou and Samuel D. Stranks and Ling-Dong Sun and Chun-Hua Yan and Richard H. Friend}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9595}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadp9595}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Efficient perovskite LEDs with tailored atomic layer number emission at fixed wavelengths}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeted approach to determine the impact of cancer-associated protease variants. SCIADV, 11(7), eadp5958. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several steps of cancer progression, from tumor onset to metastasis, critically involve proteolytic activity. To elucidate the role of proteases in cancer, it is particularly important to consider single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) that affect the active site of proteases, thereby influencing cleavage specificity, substrate processing, and thus cancer cell behavior. To facilitate systematic studies, we here present a targeted approach to determine the impact of cancer-associated protease variants (TACAP). Starting with the semiautomated identification of potential specificity-modulating SNVs, our workflow comprises mass spectrometry–based cleavage specificity profiling and substrate identification, localization, and inhibitor studies, followed by functional analyses investigating cancer cell properties. To demonstrate the feasibility of TACAP, we analyzed the meprin β R238Q variant. This amino acid exchange R238Q leads to a loss of meprin β’s characteristic cleavage preference for acidic amino acids at P1′ position, accompanied with changes in substrate pool and inhibitor affinity compared to meprin β wild type.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kira Bickenbach and Nele David and Tomas Koudelka and Corentin Joos and Franka Scharfenberg and Malina Rüffer and Fred Armbrust and Dimitris Georgiadis and Fabrice Beau and Lea Stahmer and Sascha Rahn and Andreas Tholey and Claus Pietrzik and Christoph Becker-Pauly}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5958}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadp5958}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeted approach to determine the impact of cancer-associated protease variants}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dissecting the role of CAR signaling architectures on t cell activation and persistence using pooled screens and single-cell sequencing. SCIADV, 11(7), eadp4008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells offer a promising cancer treatment, yet challenges such as limited T cell persistence hinder efficacy. Given its critical role in modulating T cell responses, it is crucial to understand how the CAR signaling architecture influences T cell function. Here, we designed a combinatorial CAR signaling domain library and performed repeated antigen stimulation assays, pooled screens, and single-cell sequencing to systematically investigate the impact of modifying CAR signaling domains on T cell activation and persistence. Our data reveal the predominant influence of membrane-proximal domains in driving T cell phenotype. Notably, CD40 costimulation was crucial for fostering robust and lasting T cell responses. Furthermore, we correlated in vitro generated CAR T cell phenotypes with clinical outcomes in patients treated with CAR T therapy, establishing the foundation for a clinically informed screening approach. This work deepens our understanding of CAR T cell biology and may guide future CAR engineering efforts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rocío Castellanos-Rueda and Kai-Ling K. Wang and Juliette L. Forster and Alice Driessen and Jessica A. Frank and María Rodríguez Martínez and Sai T. Reddy}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadp4008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dissecting the role of CAR signaling architectures on t cell activation and persistence using pooled screens and single-cell sequencing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Listerin promotes α-synuclein degradation to alleviate parkinson’s disease through the ESCRT pathway. SCIADV, 11(7), eadp3672. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal α-synuclein (α-syn) within dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Despite excessive accumulation of α-syn being key to the pathogenesis of PD, the mechanisms governing its clearance remain elusive. In this study, we found that the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) system plays a crucial role in capturing and facilitating the degradation of ubiquitinated α-syn. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Listerin was found to promote K27-linked polyubiquitination of α-syn, directing it to the endosome for subsequent degradation. We showed that the deletion of the Listerin gene exacerbates the neurodegenerative progression in a mouse model of PD, whereas the overexpression of Listerin effectively mitigates disease progression in PD mice. Consequently, our study reveals a mechanism for α-syn degradation and identifies Listerin as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of PD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fei Qin and Runyu Cao and Wenjing Cui and Xuemei Bai and Jiahua Yuan and Yuling Zhang and Yaxing Liu and Nan Cao and Na Dong and Min Zhou and Tian Chen and Feng Liu and Wanwei Sun and Yi Zheng and Wei Zhao and Bingyu Liu and Chengjiang Gao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3672}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadp3672}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Listerin promotes α-synuclein degradation to alleviate parkinson’s disease through the ESCRT pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Gut IgA functionally interacts with systemic IgG to enhance antipneumococcal vaccine responses. SCIADV, 11(7), eado9455. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The gut microbiota enhances systemic immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to vaccines, but it is unknown whether this effect involves IgA, which coats intestinal microbes. That IgA may amplify postimmune IgG production is suggested by the impaired IgG response to pneumococcal vaccines in some IgA-deficient patients. Here, we found that antipneumococcal but not total IgG production was impaired in mice with IgA deficiency. The positive effect of gut IgA on antipneumococcal IgG responses started very early in life and could implicate gut bacteria, as these responses were attenuated in germ-free mice recolonized with gut microbes from IgA-deficient donors. IgA could exert this effect by constraining the systemic translocation of gut antigens, which was associated with chronic immune activation, including T cell overexpression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibitory receptor may attenuate antipneumococcal IgG production by causing B cell hyporesponsiveness, which improved upon anti–PD-1 treatment. Thus, gut IgA functionally interacts with systemic IgG to enhance antipneumococcal vaccine responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cindy Gutzeit and Emilie K. Grasset and Dean B. Matthews and Paul J. Maglione and Graham J. Britton and Haley Miller and Giuliana Magri and Lewis Tomalin and Matthew Stapylton and Pablo Canales-Herrerias and Musia Sominskaia and Mauricio Guzman and Marc Pybus and Sonia Tejedor Vaquero and Lin Radigan and Roser Tachó-Piñot and Andrea Martín Nalda and Marina García Prat and Monica Martinez Gallo and Romina Dieli-Crimi and José C. Clemente and Saurabh Mehandru and Mayte Suarez-Farinas and Jeremiah J. Faith and Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles and Andrea Cerutti}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9455}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eado9455}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Gut IgA functionally interacts with systemic IgG to enhance antipneumococcal vaccine responses}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Continued permafrost ecosystem carbon loss under net-zero and negative emissions. SCIADV, 11(7), eadn8819. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The loss of ecosystem carbon (the sum of vegetation, litter, and soil carbon) may occur in a permafrost region under mitigation pathways, which could reduce the efficiency of carbon dioxide removal. Here, we investigate changes in permafrost under net-zero and negative emissions, based on idealized emission-driven simulations using a state-of-the-art Earth system model. While acting as a net ecosystem carbon sink during most of the positive emission phase, permafrost becomes a net ecosystem carbon source just before reaching net-zero and negative emissions. Permafrost slowly recovers, especially in regions with high organic carbon content, and net ecosystem carbon loss persists until the end of simulations, resulting in a cumulative net ecosystem carbon loss of approximately 14 petagrams of carbon (PgC) in both scenarios. In addition, methane emissions increase under net-zero and negative emissions, due to the irreversibility of the inundated areas. We conclude that the permafrost ecosystem carbon loss may continue under net-zero and negative emissions, which could hinder climate change mitigation efforts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {So-Won Park and Jin-Hyuk Mun and Hanna Lee and Norman J. Steinert and Soon-Il An and Jongsoo Shin and Jong-Seong Kug}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn8819}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadn8819}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Continued permafrost ecosystem carbon loss under net-zero and negative emissions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids amplifies inhibitory neuron cell fate during human neurodevelopment in organoids. SCIADV, 11(7), eadn8631. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Disruptions in the tightly regulated process of human brain development have been linked to increased risk for brain and mental illnesses. While the genetic contribution to these diseases is well established, important environmental factors have been less studied at molecular and cellular levels. Here, we used single-cell and cell type–specific techniques to investigate the effect of glucocorticoid (GC) exposure, a mediator of antenatal environmental risk, on gene regulation and lineage specification in unguided human neural organoids. We characterized the transcriptional response to chronic GC exposure during neural differentiation and studied the underlying gene regulatory networks by integrating single-cell transcriptomics with chromatin accessibility data. We found lasting cell type–specific changes that included autism risk genes and several transcription factors associated with neurodevelopment. Chronic GC exposure influenced lineage specification primarily by priming the inhibitory neuron lineage through transcription factors like PBX3 . We provide evidence for convergence of genetic and environmental risk factors through a common mechanism of altering lineage specification.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Leander Dony and Anthi C. Krontira and Lea Kaspar and Ruhel Ahmad and Ilknur Safak Demirel and Malgorzata Grochowicz and Tim Schäfer and Fatema Begum and Vincenza Sportelli and Catarina Raimundo and Maik Koedel and Marta Labeur and Silvia Cappello and Fabian J. Theis and Cristiana Cruceanu and Elisabeth B. Binder}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn8631}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadn8631}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids amplifies inhibitory neuron cell fate during human neurodevelopment in organoids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Laboratory observation of ion drift acceleration via reflection off laser-produced magnetized collisionless shocks. SCIADV, 11(7), eadn3320. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fermi acceleration is believed to be the primary mechanism to produce high-energy charged particles in the Universe, where charged particles gain energy successively from multiple reflections. Here, we present the direct laboratory experimental evidence of ion energization from single reflection off a supercritical collisionless shock, an essential component of Fermi acceleration, in a laser-produced magnetized plasma. A quasi-monoenergetic ion beam with two to four times the shock velocity was observed, which is consistent with the fast ion component observed in the Earth’s bow shock. Our simulations reproduced the energy gain and showed that ions were accelerated mainly by the motional electric field during reflection. The results identify shock drift acceleration as the dominant ion energization mechanism, which is consistent with satellite observation in the Earth’s bow shock. Our observations pave the way for laboratory investigations of the cosmic accelerators, also be beneficial to laser fusion and laser-driven ion accelerator.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hui-bo Tang and Yu-fei Hao and Guang-yue Hu and Quan-ming Lu and Chuang Ren and Yu Zhang and Ao Guo and Peng Hu and Yu-lin Wang and Xiang-bing Wang and Zhen-chi Zhang and Peng Yuan and Wei Liu and Hua-chong Si and Chun-kai Yu and Jia-yi Zhao and Jin-can Wang and Zhe Zhang and Xiao-hui Yuan and Da-wei Yuan and Zhi-yong Xie and Jun Xiong and Zhi-heng Fang and Jian-cai Xu and Jing-Jing Ju and Guo-qiang Zhang and Jian-Qiang Zhu and Ru-xin Li and Zhi-zhan Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn3320}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadn3320}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Laboratory observation of ion drift acceleration via reflection off laser-produced magnetized collisionless shocks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Phanerozoic icehouse climates as the result of multiple solid-earth cooling mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(7), eadm9798. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Phanerozoic climate has been interrupted by two long “icehouse” intervals, including the current icehouse of the last ~34 million years. While these cool intervals correspond to lower atmospheric CO 2 , it is unclear why CO 2 levels fell, with hypotheses suggesting changes in CO 2 degassing rates or modification of silicate weathering through changing continental lithology or paleogeography. Here, we construct an Earth System Model that integrates these proposed cooling mechanisms in detail. The model can reproduce the broad geologic record of ice cap expansion, allowing us to infer the primary drivers of long-term climate change. Our results indicate that recent icehouse climates required a combination of different cooling mechanisms acting simultaneously and were not driven by a single known process, potentially explaining why icehouses have been rarer than greenhouses over Earth history.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrew S. Merdith and Thomas M. Gernon and Pierre Maffre and Yannick Donnadieu and Yves Goddéris and Jack Longman and R. Dietmar Müller and Benjamin J. W. Mills}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adm9798}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadm9798}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Phanerozoic icehouse climates as the result of multiple solid-earth cooling mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Interpretable AI for inference of causal molecular relationships from omics data. SCIADV, 11(7), eadk0837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The discovery of molecular relationships from high-dimensional data is a major open problem in bioinformatics. Machine learning and feature attribution models have shown great promise in this context but lack causal interpretation. Here, we show that a popular feature attribution model, under certain assumptions, estimates an average of a causal quantity reflecting the direct influence of one variable on another. We leverage this insight to propose a precise definition of a gene regulatory relationship and implement a new tool, CIMLA (Counterfactual Inference by Machine Learning and Attribution Models), to identify differences in gene regulatory networks between biological conditions, a problem that has received great attention in recent years. Using extensive benchmarking on simulated data, we show that CIMLA is more robust to confounding variables and is more accurate than leading methods. Last, we use CIMLA to analyze a previously published single-cell RNA sequencing dataset from subjects with and without Alzheimer’s disease (AD), discovering several potential regulators of AD.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Payam Dibaeinia and Abhishek Ojha and Saurabh Sinha}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk0837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {7}, pages = {eadk0837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Interpretable AI for inference of causal molecular relationships from omics data}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by m. fascicularis” by a. l. koch liston et al.. SCIADV, 11(6), eadw3899. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by M. fascicularis” by A. L. Koch Liston et al. has been updated to reflect a revised author list.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adw3899}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadw3899}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “A model for the noninvasive, habitat-inclusive estimation of upper limit abundance for synanthropes, exemplified by m. fascicularis” by a. l. koch liston et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Multivalent state transitions shape the intratumoral composition of small cell lung carcinoma” by p. gopal et al.. SCIADV, 11(6), eadv9798. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “Multivalent state transitions shape the intratumoral composition of small cell lung carcinoma” by P. Gopal et al. inadvertently transposed the epigenetic compound iBET-762 in instances where iBET-726 should have been used.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9798}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadv9798}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Multivalent state transitions shape the intratumoral composition of small cell lung carcinoma” by p. gopal et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “Global crotonylome reveals CDYL-regulated RPA1 crotonylation in homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair” by h. yu et al.. SCIADV, 11(6), eadv9400. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article, “Global crotonylome reveals CDYL-regulated RPA1 crotonylation in homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair” by H. Yu et al. included a duplicated image in a figure. In the original Fig. 6A, the image for colony formation assays with DMSO treatment of siRPA1 + RPA1-3KR was a duplicate of the image for DMSO treatment of siRPA1 + RPA1-WT.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv9400}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadv9400}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “Global crotonylome reveals CDYL-regulated RPA1 crotonylation in homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair” by h. yu et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Supply-side relief for the world’s largest coral reef. SCIADV, 11(6), eadv5639. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Zoning to prevent fishing on 30% of the Great Barrier Reef yields 50% more larvae and biomass of coral grouper on fished reefs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Robert Steneck and Jeremy Jackson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv5639}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadv5639}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Supply-side relief for the world’s largest coral reef}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electronic commensuration of a spin moiré superlattice in a layered magnetic semimetal. SCIADV, 11(6), eadu6686. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Spin moiré superlattices (SMSs) have been proposed as a magnetic analog of crystallographic moiré systems and a source of electron minibands offering vector-field moiré tunability and Berry curvature effects. However, it has proven challenging to realize an SMS in which a large exchange coupling J is transmitted between conduction electrons and localized spins. Furthermore, most systems have carrier mean free paths l mfp shorter than their spin moiré lattice constant a spin , inhibiting miniband formation. Here, we discover that the layered magnetic semimetal EuAg 4 Sb 2 overcomes these challenges by forming an interface with J ~ 100 milli–electron volts transferred between a Eu triangular lattice and anionic Ag 2 Sb bilayers hosting a two-dimensional electron band in the ballistic regime ( l mfp >> a spin ). The system realizes an SMS with a spin commensurate with the Fermi momentum, leading to a marked quenching of the transport response from miniband formation. Our findings demonstrate an approach to magnetically engineering moiré superlattices and a potential route to an emergent spin-driven quantum Hall state.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takashi Kurumaji and Nisarga Paul and Shiang Fang and Paul M. Neves and Mingu Kang and Jonathan S. White and Taro Nakajima and David Graf and Linda Ye and Mun K. Chan and Takehito Suzuki and Jonathan Denlinger and Chris Jozwiak and Aaron Bostwick and Eli Rotenberg and Yang Zhao and Jeffrey W. Lynn and Efthimios Kaxiras and Riccardo Comin and Liang Fu and Joseph G. Checkelsky}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu6686}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadu6686}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electronic commensuration of a spin moiré superlattice in a layered magnetic semimetal}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). MAIT cell homing in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. SCIADV, 11(6), eadu4172. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a large population of unconventional T cells widely distributed in the human gastrointestinal tract. Their homing to the gut is central to maintaining mucosal homeostasis and immunity. This review discusses the potential mechanisms that guide MAIT cells to the intestinal mucosa during homeostasis and inflammation, emphasizing the roles of chemokines, chemokine receptors, and tissue adhesion molecules. The potential influence of the gut microbiota on MAIT cell homing to different regions of the human gut is also discussed. Last, we introduce how organoid technology offers a potentially valuable approach to advance our understanding of MAIT cell tissue homing by providing a more physiologically relevant model that mimics the human gut tissue. These models may enable a detailed investigation of the gut-specific homing mechanisms of MAIT cells. By understanding the regulation of MAIT cell homing to the human gut, potential avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting gut inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may emerge.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhengyu Wu and Xingchi Chen and Fei Han and Edwin Leeansyah}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4172}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadu4172}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {MAIT cell homing in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mortality drives production dynamics of atlantic cod through 1100 years of commercial fishing. SCIADV, 11(6), eadt4782. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Most edible fish species have been fished for centuries or millennia, leaving little record or understanding of their population responses prior to human impact and thus no baseline for population conservation. Here, we reconstruct the population dynamics of Atlantic cod, one of the world’s most harvested fish species, from the pristine state during the Viking era through more than 1100 years of fishing. Analysis of cod otoliths recovered during archaeological excavations of Icelandic fish processing sites revealed that cod in the 10th to 12th centuries were 25% larger and up to 300% older than modern, despite slower density-dependent growth rates attributed to the sixfold increase in abundance. Fishing mortality came to dominate a time-invariant natural mortality rate and other population characteristics after the 14th century, with minimal evidence of environmental effects at the century scale. Despite the absence of catch records and surveys, biological reference points based on pristine fish populations are now possible where otolith collections are available.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Steven E. Campana and George Hambrecht and Nicole Misarti and Habiba Moshfeka and Mary Efird and Sara M. Schaal and Guðbjörg Ásta Ólafsdóttir and Ragnar Edvardsson and Árni Daníel Júlíusson and Einar Hjörleifsson and Frank J. Feeley and Grace Cesario and Lilja Björk Palsdóttir}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4782}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadt4782}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mortality drives production dynamics of atlantic cod through 1100 years of commercial fishing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A material dynamically enhancing both load-bearing and energy dissipation capability under cyclic loading. SCIADV, 11(6), eadt3979. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Material properties gradually degrade under cyclic loading, leading to catastrophic failure. It results in large costs for inspection, maintenance, and downtime. Besides, materials require combinations of performance such as load bearing and energy dissipation. However, improving one performance of a material often sacrifices another performance, making it difficult to create materials with optimal performance profiles. Here we report a liquid-infused porous piezoelectric scaffold (LIPPS) that simultaneously enhances its load-bearing and energy dissipation capability under cyclic loading. For example, after 12 million loading cycles, LIPPS increases its modulus by 3600% and hysteresis by 3000%. From a CT study, this behavior is attributed to the self-recoverable mineralization under mechanical loading. Moreover, LIPPS shows a reprogrammable stiffness distribution based on the loading distribution, which enables the material to generate multiple shapes by self-folding. Our findings can contribute toward unprecedented opportunities in soft robotics, vehicles, infrastructure, and tissue engineering and contribute to the new paradigm of material selection with improved resilience and sustainability.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bohan Sun and Grant Kitchen and Dongjing He and Deep K. Malu and Jitao Ding and Yiji Huang and Adebayo Eisape and Mostafa M. Omar and Yuhang Hu and Sung Hoon Kang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3979}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadt3979}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A material dynamically enhancing both load-bearing and energy dissipation capability under cyclic loading}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RNA polymerase II coordinates histone deacetylation at active promoters. SCIADV, 11(6), eadt3037. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nucleosomes at promoters of active genes are marked by specific histone post-translational modifications and histone variants. These features are thought to promote the formation and maintenance of an “open” chromatin environment that is suitable for transcription. However, recent reports have drawn conflicting conclusions about whether these histone modifications depend on active transcription. To further interrogate this relationship, we inhibited transcription initiation using triptolide, which triggered degradation of RNA polymerase II, and examined the impact on histone modifications. Transcription initiation was not required for either hormone-induced or steady-state active histone modifications at transcription start sites (TSSs) and enhancers. Rather, blocking transcription initiation increased the levels of histone acetylation and H2AZ incorporation at active TSSs. P300 activity was dispensable for this effect, but inhibition of histone deacetylases masked the increased acetylation. Together, our results demonstrate that active histone modifications occur independently of transcription. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the process of transcription coordinates the removal of these modifications to limit gene activity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jackson A. Hoffman and Kevin W. Trotter and Trevor K. Archer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3037}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadt3037}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RNA polymerase II coordinates histone deacetylation at active promoters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Marine reserves contribute half of the larval supply to a coral reef fishery. SCIADV, 11(6), eadt0216. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Marine reserves deliver impressive increases in the abundance and size of exploited species on protected reefs, but larval dispersal makes it difficult to estimate their wider benefits. Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) contains an extensive network of marine reserves. By combining GBR-wide fish surveys, larval dispersal models, and commercial fishery catch data, we calculate the system-wide ecological and economic contributions of these reserves for coral groupers ( Plectropomus spp.), the region’s most important line fishery. Despite covering only 30% of reef habitat, the GBR’s marine reserve network contains half of the species’ biomass and generates most of its reproductive output (55%), half of the system’s larval settlement (50%), and almost half of the total fishery yield (47%).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael Bode and Severine Choukroun and Michael J. Emslie and Hugo B. Harrison and Jeffrey M. Leis and Luciano B. Mason and Maya Srinivasan and David H. Williamson and Geoffrey P. Jones}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0216}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadt0216}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Marine reserves contribute half of the larval supply to a coral reef fishery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A microcomb-empowered fourier domain mode-locked LIDAR. SCIADV, 11(6), eads9590. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) has emerged as an indispensable tool in autonomous technology. Among its various techniques, frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) LIDAR stands out due to its capability to operate with ultralow return power, immunity to unwanted light, and simultaneous acquisition of distance and velocity. However, achieving a rapid update rate with submicrometer precision remains a challenge for FMCW LIDARs. Here, we present such a LIDAR with a sub–10-nanometer precision and a 24.6-kilohertz update rate by combining a broadband Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) laser with a silicon nitride soliton microcomb. An ultrahigh-frequency chirp rate up to 320 petahertz per second is linearized by a 50-gigahertz microcomb to reach this performance. Our theoretical analysis also contributes to resolving the challenge of FMCW velocity measurements with nonlinear frequency sweeps and enables us to realize velocity measurement with an uncertainty below 0.4 millimeter per second. Our work shows how microcombs can unlock the potential of ultrafast frequency sweeping lasers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhaoyu Cai and Zihao Wang and Ziqi Wei and Baoqi Shi and Wei Sun and Changxi Yang and Junqiu Liu and Chengying Bao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9590}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads9590}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A microcomb-empowered fourier domain mode-locked LIDAR}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A soft multimodal optoelectronic array interface for multiparametric mapping of heart function in vivo. SCIADV, 11(6), eads8608. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multiparametric investigation of cardiac physiology is crucial for the diagnosis and therapy of heart disease. However, no method exists to simultaneously map multiple parameters that govern cardiac (patho)physiology from beating hearts in vivo. Here, we present a cardiac sensing platform that addresses this challenge, functioning with a wireless interface. Advanced fabrication and assembling strategies enable the heterogeneous integration of transparent microelectrodes, light-emitting diodes, photodiodes, and optical filters into a multilayer array structure on soft substrates. The microelectrodes exhibit superior electrochemical performance for measuring electrical potentials and excellent transparency for co-localized fluorescence measurement. The device shows excellent biocompatibility and records the fluorescence of calcium reporter with performance comparable to imaging cameras. Multiparametric in vivo mapping of electrical excitation, calcium dynamics, and their combined effects on cardiac excitation-contraction coupling is demonstrated during normal rhythm, arrhythmia, and treatment. This technology offers potential widespread use in cardiac research to support scientific discoveries and advance clinical life-saving diagnostics and therapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nathaniel T. Quirion and Micah Madrid and Jialin Chang and Amy Fehr and Eric Rytkin and Nora Shields and Bridget Burke and Amarachi Elekeokwuri and Igor R. Efimov and Luyao Lu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8608}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads8608}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A soft multimodal optoelectronic array interface for multiparametric mapping of heart function in vivo}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Broad active metabolic pathways, autophagy, and antagonistic hormones regulate dinoflagellate cyst dormancy in marine sediments. SCIADV, 11(6), eads7789. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This work aimed to reveal the molecular machinery regulating the dormancy of dinoflagellate resting cysts buried in marine sediments. Dinoflagellates play pivotal roles in marine ecosystems, particularly as major contributors of harmful algal blooms. Despite vital roles of cysts in blooming cycles and dinoflagellate ecology, the molecular processes controlling cyst dormancy have largely remained unexplored due to technological difficulties. Using DinoSL as a dinoflagellates-specific mRNA “hook” and SMRT sequencing, we analyzed metatranscriptomes of sediment-buried dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. The data show that most major metabolic and regulatory pathways, except photosynthesis, were transcriptionally active. This suggests the crucial importance of broad metabolic pathways in sustaining cyst viability and germination potential. Further expression analyses of 11 genes (relevant to autophagy and phytohormone gibberellin), lysosome/autolysosome staining, and germination experiments revealed vital roles of autophagy in energy generation, nutrient recycling, and of phytohormones abscisic acid/gibberellin in modulating dormancy/germination of resting cysts. Our findings lay a cornerstone for elucidating the molecular machinery regulating dinoflagellate cyst dormancy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunyan Deng and Caixia Yue and Huijiao Yang and Fengting Li and Zhangxi Hu and Lixia Shang and Zhaoyang Chai and Senjie Lin and Ying Zhong Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7789}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads7789}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Broad active metabolic pathways, autophagy, and antagonistic hormones regulate dinoflagellate cyst dormancy in marine sediments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Language-like efficiency in whale communication. SCIADV, 11(6), eads6014. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vocal communication systems in humans and other animals experience selection for efficiency—optimizing the benefits they convey relative to the costs of producing them. Two hallmarks of efficiency, Menzerath’s law and Zipf’s law of abbreviation, predict that longer sequences will consist of shorter elements and more frequent elements will be shorter, respectively. Here, we assessed the evidence for both laws in cetaceans by analyzing vocal sequences from 16 baleen and toothed whale species and comparing them to 51 human languages. Eleven whale species exhibit Menzerath’s law, sometimes with greater effect sizes than human speech. Two of the five whale species with categorized element types exhibit Zipf’s law of abbreviation. On average, whales also tend to shorten elements and intervals toward the end of sequences, although this varies by species. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the vocalizations of many cetacean species have undergone compression for increased efficiency in time.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mason Youngblood}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6014}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads6014}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Language-like efficiency in whale communication}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Asgard archaea reveal the conserved principles of ESCRT-III membrane remodeling. SCIADV, 11(6), eads5255. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {ESCRT-III proteins assemble into composite polymers that undergo stepwise changes in composition and structure to deform membranes across the tree of life. Here, using a phylogenetic analysis, we demonstrate that the two endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) proteins present in eukaryote’s closest Asgard archaeal relatives are evolutionarily related to the B- and A-type eukaryotic paralogs that initiate and execute membrane remodeling, respectively. We show that Asgard ESCRT-IIIB assembles into parallel arrays on planar membranes to initiate membrane deformation, from where it recruits ESCRT-IIIA to generate composite polymers. Last, we show that Asgard ESCRT-IIIA is able to remodel membranes into tubes as a likely prelude to scission. Together, these data reveal a set of conserved principles governing ESCRT-III–dependent membrane remodeling that first emerged in a two-component ESCRT-III system in archaea.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Diorge P. Souza and Javier Espadas and Sami Chaaban and Edmund R. R. Moody and Tomoyuki Hatano and Mohan Balasubramanian and Tom A. Williams and Aurélien Roux and Buzz Baum}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5255}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads5255}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Asgard archaea reveal the conserved principles of ESCRT-III membrane remodeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pioneer factor GATA6 promotes colorectal cancer through 3D genome regulation. SCIADV, 11(6), eads4985. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent malignancies. While the overexpression of pioneer factor GATA6 in CRC has been linked with metastasis, its role in genome-wide gene expression dysregulation remains unclear. Through studies of primary human CRC tissues and analysis of the TCGA data, we found that GATA6 preferentially binds at CRC-specific active enhancers, with enrichment at enhancer-promoter loop anchors. GATA6 protein also physically interacts with CTCF, suggesting its critical role in 3D genome organization. The ablation of GATA6 through AID and CRISPR systems severely impaired cancer cell clonogenicity and proliferation. Mechanistically, GATA6 knockout induced global loss of CRC-specific open chromatins and extensive alterations of critical enhancer-promoter interactions for CRC oncogenes. Last, we showed that GATA6 knockout greatly reduced tumor growth and improved survival in mice. Together, we revealed a previously unidentified mechanism by which GATA6 contributes to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huijue Lyu and Xintong Chen and Yang Cheng and Te Zhang and Ping Wang and Josiah Hiu-yuen Wong and Juan Wang and Lena Stasiak and Leyu Sun and Guangyu Yang and Lu Wang and Feng Yue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4985}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads4985}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pioneer factor GATA6 promotes colorectal cancer through 3D genome regulation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct carbonyl reductive functionalizations by diphenylphosphine oxide. SCIADV, 11(6), eads4626. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reductive functionalization of aldehydes and ketones is one of the most challenging but ultimately rewarding areas in synthetic chemistry and related sciences. We report a simple and extremely versatile carbonyl reductive functionalization strategy achieving direct, highly selective, and efficient reductive amination, etherification, esterification, and phosphinylation reactions of (hetero)aryl aldehydes and ketones, which are extremely challenging or unattainable to achieve by traditional strategies, using only diphenylphosphine oxide and an inorganic base. It enables modular synthesis of functionally and structurally diverse tertiary amines, ethers, esters, phosphine oxides, etc., as well as related pesticides, drug intermediates, and pharmaceuticals. Compared to phosphorus-mediated name reactions, this strategy firstly transformed C═O bonds into C-element single bonds. Mechanistically, phosphinates are formed as intermediates, which undergo unconventional nucleophilic substitution at the C atom within their C─O─P unit. Thus, this work provides important strides in the field of reductive functionalization of aldehydes/ketones, phosphorus-mediated transformation, and various fundamental reactions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Liu and Jianyu Dong and Ruofei Cheng and Shuang-Feng Yin and Lang Chen and Lebin Su and Renhua Qiu and Yongbo Zhou and Li-Biao Han and Chao-Jun Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4626}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads4626}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct carbonyl reductive functionalizations by diphenylphosphine oxide}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-assembling peptide with dual function of cell penetration and antibacterial as a nano weapon to combat intracellular bacteria. SCIADV, 11(6), eads3844. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intracellular bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance are threatening global public health systems. Antimicrobial peptides are a potential solution to combat bacterial resistance, but the design of self-assembled nanopeptides with dual functions of cell penetration and antibacterial properties to combat intracellular bacteria remains a challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to develop self-assembled nanopeptides with dual functions through the chimerization of self-assembled core, hydrophobic motif, and cell-permeable unit. The optimal nanopeptides, F3FT and N3FT, exhibited potent antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility. Crucially, F3FT and N3FT are able to efficiently penetrate cells and eliminate intracellular bacteria and sniping inflammation. Moreover, F3FT and N3FT kill bacteria mainly by disrupting bacterial cell membranes and inducing excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. F3FT and N3FT have exhibited good safety and potent therapeutic potential in vivo. This scheme of constructing nanopeptides through multifunctional domains design provides a paradigm for dealing with escalating of intracellular bacteria and antimicrobial resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yongjie Zhu and Wanying Xu and Wenwen Chen and Bowen Li and Guoyu Li and Haoran Deng and Licong Zhang and Changxuan Shao and Anshan Shan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3844}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads3844}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-assembling peptide with dual function of cell penetration and antibacterial as a nano weapon to combat intracellular bacteria}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemical genetics reveals cross-regulation of plant developmental signaling by the immune peptide-receptor pathway. SCIADV, 11(6), eads3718. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cells sense and integrate multiple signals to coordinate a response. A receptor-kinase signaling pathway for plant stomatal development shares components with the immunity pathway. The mechanism ensuring their signal specificities remains unclear. Using chemical genetics, here, we report the identification of a small molecule, kC9, that triggers excessive stomatal differentiation by inhibiting the canonical ERECTA pathway. kC9 binds to and inhibits the downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase MPK6, perturbing its substrate interaction. Notably, activation of immune signaling by a bacterial flagellin peptide nullified kC9’s effects on stomatal development. This cross-regulation depends on the immune receptor FLS2 (FLAGELLIN SENSING 2) and occurs even in the absence of kC9 if the ERECTA family receptor population becomes suboptimal. Proliferating stomatal lineage cells are vulnerable to this immune signal penetration. Our findings suggest that the signal specificity between development and immunity can be ensured by mitogen-activated protein kinase homeostasis, reflecting the availability of upstream receptors, thereby providing an unanticipated view on signal specificity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arvid Herrmann and Krishna Mohan Sepuru and Pengfei Bai and Hitoshi Endo and Ayami Nakagawa and Shuhei Kusano and Asraa Ziadi and Hiroe Kato and Ayato Sato and Jun Liu and Libo Shan and Seisuke Kimura and Kenichiro Itami and Naoyuki Uchida and Shinya Hagihara and Keiko U. Torii}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3718}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads3718}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemical genetics reveals cross-regulation of plant developmental signaling by the immune peptide-receptor pathway}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 187Os nuclear resonance scattering to explore hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics for biological applications. SCIADV, 11(6), eads3406. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Osmium complexes with osmium in different oxidation states (II, III, IV, and VI) have been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines. Herein, we demonstrate unexplored opportunities offered by 187 Os nuclear forward scattering (NFS) and nuclear inelastic scattering (NIS) of synchrotron radiation for characterization of hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics in a benchmark Os(VI) complex, K 2 [OsO 2 (OH) 4 ]. We determined the isomer shift [δ = 3.3(1) millimeters per second] relative to [Os IV Cl 6 ] 2− and quadrupole splitting [Δ E Q = 12.0(2) millimeters per second] with NFS. We estimated the Lamb-Mössbauer factor [0.80(4)], extracted the density of phonon states, and carried out a thermodynamics characterization using the NIS data combined with first-principles calculations. Overall, we provide evidence that 187 Os nuclear resonance scattering is a reliable technique for the investigation of hyperfine interactions and Os-specific vibrations in osmium(VI) species and is thus applicable for such measurements in osmium complexes of other oxidation states, including those with anticancer activity such as Os(III) and Os(IV).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Iryna Stepanenko and Zhishuo Huang and Liviu Ungur and Dimitrios Bessas and Aleksandr Chumakov and Ilya Sergueev and Gabriel E. Büchel and Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani and Liviu F. Chibotaru and Joshua Telser and Vladimir B. Arion}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3406}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads3406}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {187Os nuclear resonance scattering to explore hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics for biological applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ab initio investigation of a hypersonic double cone experiment. SCIADV, 11(6), eads2147. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {This article presents a direct molecular simulation (DMS) of a reactive Mach 8.2 oxygen flow over a double cone geometry. The free stream conditions and article configuration generate a flow with thermal and chemical nonequilibrium, which are common attributes of hypersonic flight. This scenario was first studied experimentally at Calspan University of Buffalo Research Center’s test facility. DMS is a particle method that uses quantum mechanically derived interaction potentials to simulate molecular collisions within a flow field. Since these interaction potentials are the only modeling inputs used in the simulation, all flow features can solely be attributed to the ab initio potential energy surfaces. Hence, providing a comparison of a hypersonic ground test and numerical data anchored to quantum mechanics. The fundamental nature of DMS is leveraged to investigate molecular level mechanisms prevalent in the flow, and comparisons with lower fidelity simulations are presented to highlight the role of these first principles calculations as benchmark solutions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maninder S. Grover and Paolo Valentini and Nicholas Bisek}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2147}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads2147}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ab initio investigation of a hypersonic double cone experiment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamics of influenza transmission in vampire bats revealed by longitudinal monitoring and a large-scale anthropogenic perturbation. SCIADV, 11(6), eads1267. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interrupting pathogen transmission between species is a priority strategy to mitigate zoonotic threats. However, avoiding counterproductive interventions requires knowing animal reservoirs of infection and the dynamics of transmission within them, neither of which are easily ascertained from the cross-sectional surveys that now dominate investigations into newly discovered viruses. We used biobanked sera and metagenomic data to reconstruct the transmission of recently discovered bat-associated influenza virus (BIV; H18N11) over 12 years in three zones of Peru. Mechanistic models fit under a Bayesian framework, which enabled joint inference from serological and molecular data, showed that common vampire bats maintain BIV independently of the now assumed fruit bat reservoir through immune waning and seasonal transmission pulses. A large-scale vampire bat cull targeting rabies incidentally halved BIV transmission, confirming vampire bats as maintenance hosts. Our results show how combining field studies, perturbation responses, and multi-data–type models can elucidate pathogen dynamics in nature and reveal pathogen-dependent effects of interventions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Megan E. Griffiths and Alice Broos and Juan Morales and I-Ting Tu and Laura Bergner and Abdelkader Behdenna and William Valderrama Bazan and Carlos Tello and Jorge E. Carrera and Sergio Recuenco and Daniel G. Streicker and Mafalda Viana}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1267}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads1267}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamics of influenza transmission in vampire bats revealed by longitudinal monitoring and a large-scale anthropogenic perturbation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Succinylation enables IDE to act as a hub of larval tissue destruction and adult tissue reconstruction during insect metamorphosis. SCIADV, 11(6), eads0643. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metamorphosis is an important way for insects to adapt to the environment. In this process, larval tissue destruction regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and adult tissue reconstruction regulated by insulin-like peptides (ILPs) occur simultaneously, but the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Here, the results of succinylome, subcellular localization, and protein interaction analysis show that non-succinylated insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) localizes in the cytoplasm, binds to insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2-like), and degrades it. When the metamorphosis is initiated, 20E up-regulated carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A ( Cpt1a ) through transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15), thus increasing the level of IDE succinylation on K179. Succinylated IDE translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus, combined with ecdysone receptor to promote 20E signaling pathway, causing larval tissue destruction, while IGF-2-like was released to promote adult tissue proliferation. That is, succinylation alters subcellular localization of IDE so that it can bind to different target proteins and act as a hub of metamorphosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan-Xue Li and Bin-Yan Shao and Ming-Ye Hou and Du-Juan Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0643}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads0643}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Succinylation enables IDE to act as a hub of larval tissue destruction and adult tissue reconstruction during insect metamorphosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Emergent complexity of quantum rotation tunneling. SCIADV, 11(6), eads0503. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Conformational isomerism determines the performance of materials and the activity of biomolecules. However, a complete dynamic study of conformational isomerization is still a formidable challenge at the single-molecule level. In this work, we present real-time in situ electrical monitoring of the full rotation dynamics of a single aromatic chain covalently embedded in graphene electrodes with single-event resolution. We reveal that the dynamic process of phenyl ring rotations at low temperature is dominated by quantum rotation tunneling rather than the quasi-free rotation process. The emergent complexity of different intramolecular rotations in a single aromatic molecule is demonstrated, including the alternating unidirectional rotation with multi-, single-, and half-circle delays driven by inelastic electron tunneling, which has not been previously adequately considered at the macroscopic level. This work builds a bridge between macroscopic and microscopic worlds and improves our understanding of structure-activity relationships, potentially bringing different functions to ordinary materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yilin Guo and Chen Yang and Xinmiao Xie and Yanwei Li and Kendall N. Houk and Xuefeng Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0503}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads0503}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Emergent complexity of quantum rotation tunneling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biodegradable origami enables closed-loop sustainable robotic systems. SCIADV, 11(6), eads0217. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Robots are increasingly integral across various sectors due to their efficiency and superior capabilities, which enable performance beyond human potential. However, the development of robotic systems often conflicts with the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations, as they generate considerable nondegradable waste and organic/inorganic pollutants throughout their life cycle. In this paper, we introduce a dual closed-loop robotic system that integrates biodegradable, sustainable materials such as plasticized cellulose films and NaCl-infused ionic conductive gelatin organogels. These materials undergo a closed-loop ecological cycle from processing to biodegradation, contributing to new growth, while the self-sensing, origami-based robot supports a seamless human-in-the-loop teleoperation system. This innovative approach represents a paradigm shift in the application of soft robotic systems, offering a path toward a more sustainable future by aligning advanced robotic functionalities with environmental stewardship.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pingdong Wei and Zhuang Zhang and Shaoru Cheng and Yao Meng and Mengjie Tong and Luoqian Emu and Wei Yan and Yanlin Zhang and Yunjie Wang and Jingyang Zhao and Changyu Xu and Feng Zhai and Junqiang Lu and Lei Wang and Hanqing Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0217}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eads0217}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biodegradable origami enables closed-loop sustainable robotic systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum control of ion-atom collisions beyond the ultracold regime. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr8256. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tunable scattering resonances are crucial for controlling atomic and molecular systems. However, their use has so far been limited to ultracold temperatures. These conditions remain hard to achieve for most hybrid trapped ion-atom systems—a prospective platform for quantum technologies and fundamental research. Here, we measure inelastic collision probabilities for Sr + + Rb and use them to calibrate a comprehensive theoretical model of ion-atom collisions. Our theoretical results, compared with experimental observations, confirm that quantum interference effects persist to the multiple-partial-wave regime, leading to the pronounced state and mass dependence of the collision rates. Using our model, we go beyond interference and identify a rich spectrum of Feshbach resonances at moderate magnetic fields with the Rb atom in its lower ( f = 1) hyperfine state, which persist at temperatures as high as 1 millikelvin. Future observation of these predicted resonances should allow precise control of the short-range dynamics in Sr + + Rb collisions under unprecedentedly warm conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maks Z. Walewski and Matthew D. Frye and Or Katz and Meirav Pinkas and Roee Ozeri and Michał Tomza}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8256}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr8256}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum control of ion-atom collisions beyond the ultracold regime}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Direct observations of cross-scale wave-particle energy transfer in space plasmas. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr8227. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The collisionless plasmas in space and astrophysical environments are intrinsically multiscale in nature, behaving as conducting fluids at macroscales and kinetically at microscales comparable to ion and/or electron gyroradii. A fundamental question in understanding the plasma dynamics is how energy is transported and dissipated across scales. Here, we present spacecraft measurements in the terrestrial foreshock, a region upstream of the bow shock where the solar wind population coexists with the reflected ions. In this region, the fluid-scale, ultralow-frequency waves resonate with the reflected ions to modify the velocity distributions, which in turn cause the growth of the ion-scale, magnetosonic-whistler waves. The latter waves then resonate with the electrons, and the accelerated electrons contribute to the excitation of electron-scale, high-frequency whistler waves. These observations demonstrate that the chain of wave-particle resonances is an efficient mechanism for cross-scale energy transfer, which could redistribute the kinetic energy and accelerate the particles upstream of the shocks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing-Huan Li and Xu-Zhi Zhou and Zhi-Yang Liu and Shan Wang and Yoshiharu Omura and Li Li and Chao Yue and Qiu-Gang Zong and Guan Le and Christopher T. Russell and James L. Burch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8227}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr8227}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Direct observations of cross-scale wave-particle energy transfer in space plasmas}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noncontact microbiota transplantation by core-shell microgel-enabled nonleakage envelopment. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr7373. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transplantation of beneficial bacteria to specific microbiota has been widely exploited to treat diseases by reshaping a healthy microbial structure. However, direct exposure of exogenous bacteria in vivo suffers from low bioavailability and infection risk. Here, we describe a noncontact microbiota transplantation system (NMTS) by core-shell microgel-enabled nonleakage envelopment. Bacteria are encapsulated into the core of core-shell microgels via two-step light-initiated emulsion polymerization of gelatin methacrylate. NMTS is versatile for biocontainment of diverse strains, showing near complete encapsulation and negligible influence on bacterial activity. As a proof-of-concept study on probiotic transplantation to the gut microbiota, NMTS demonstrates the shielding effect to protect sealed bacteria from intraluminal insults of low pH and bile acid, the toughness to prevent bacterial leakage during entire gastrointestinal passage and reduce infection risk, and the permeability to release beneficial metabolites and reconstruct a balanced intestinal microbial structure, proposing a contactless fashion for advanced microbiota transplantation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Feng Wu and Sisi Lin and Huilong Luo and Chuhan Wang and Jinyao Liu and Xinyuan Zhu and Yan Pang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7373}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr7373}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noncontact microbiota transplantation by core-shell microgel-enabled nonleakage envelopment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evolution in changing seas: The loss of plasticity under predator invasion and warming oceans. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6947. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The impact of invasive predators during the early stages of invasion is often variable in space and time. Such variation is expected to initially favor plasticity in prey defenses, but fixed defenses as invaders become established. Coincident with the range expansion of an invasive predatory crab in the Gulf of Maine, we document rapid changes in shell thickness—a key defense against shell crushing predators—of an intertidal snail. Field experiments, conducted 20 years apart, revealed that temporal shifts in shell thickness were driven by the evolution of increased trait means and erosion of thickness plasticity. The virtual elimination of the trade-off in tissue mass that often accompanies thicker shells is consistent with the evolution of fixed defenses under increasingly certain predation risk.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {James J. Corbett and Geoffrey C. Trussell}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6947}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6947}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evolution in changing seas: The loss of plasticity under predator invasion and warming oceans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Real-space imaging of confined infrared surface plasmon polaritons on doped semiconductors covered with phase-change materials. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6844. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) describe the excitation of photons coupled with free charge carriers at the interface of metals (visible) or doped semiconductors (infrared). While SPPs in the mid-infrared spectral range have been demonstrated in 2D materials such as graphene, their short propagation length combined with weak confinement in bulk materials has prevented real-space imaging of those SPPs. Here, we demonstrate real-space imaging of propagating SPPs on the doped semiconductors CdO and InAs with tunable plasma frequencies in the infrared via scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy. Adding a thin film of phase-change materials (PCMs) to these doped semiconductors increases the polariton confinement, leading to simplified SPP imaging and SPP resonator fabrication. We investigate optically written circular resonators of the plasmonic PCM In 3 SbTe 2 on CdO with near-field spectroscopy and Fabry-Perot resonators of the dielectric PCM Ge 3 Sb 2 Te 6 on InAs with far-field spectroscopy. Our work enables rapid prototyping of reconfigurable SPP resonators in mid-infrared.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lukas Conrads and Luis Schüler and Konstantin G. Wirth and Angela Cleri and Andreas Heßler and Lena Jung and Matthias Wuttig and Dmitry Chigrin and Jon-Paul Maria and Thomas Taubner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6844}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6844}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Real-space imaging of confined infrared surface plasmon polaritons on doped semiconductors covered with phase-change materials}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bio-plausible reconfigurable spiking neuron for neuromorphic computing. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6733. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biological neurons use diverse temporal expressions of spikes to achieve efficient communication and modulation of neural activities. Nonetheless, existing neuromorphic computing systems mainly use simplified neuron models with limited spiking behaviors due to high cost of emulating these biological spike patterns. Here, we propose a compact reconfigurable neuron design using the intrinsic dynamics of a NbO 2 -based spiking unit and excellent tunability in an electrochemical memory (ECRAM) to emulate the fast-slow dynamics in a bio-plausible neuron. The resistance of the ECRAM was effective in tuning the temporal dynamics of the membrane potential, contributing to flexible reconfiguration of various bio-plausible firing modes, such as phasic and burst spiking, and exhibiting adaptive spiking behaviors in changing environment. We used the bio-plausible neuron model to build spiking neural networks with bursting neurons and demonstrated improved classification accuracies over simplified models, showing great promises for use in more bio-plausible neuromorphic computing systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu Xiao and Yize Liu and Bihua Zhang and Peng Chen and Huaze Zhu and Enhui He and Jiayi Zhao and Wenju Huo and Xiaofei Jin and Xumeng Zhang and Hao Jiang and De Ma and Qian Zheng and Huajin Tang and Peng Lin and Wei Kong and Gang Pan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6733}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6733}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bio-plausible reconfigurable spiking neuron for neuromorphic computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A detailed theory of thalamic and cortical microcircuits for predictive visual inference. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6698. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding cortical microcircuitry requires theoretical models that can tease apart their computational logic from biological details. Although Bayesian inference serves as an abstract framework of cortical computation, precisely mapping concrete instantiations of computational models to biology under real-world tasks is necessary to produce falsifiable neural models. On the basis of a recent generative model, recursive cortical networks, that demonstrated excellent performance on vision benchmarks, we derive a theoretical cortical microcircuit by placing the requirements of the computational model within biological constraints. The derived model suggests precise algorithmic roles for the columnar and laminar feed-forward, feedback, and lateral connections, the thalamic pathway, blobs and interblobs, and the innate lineage-specific interlaminar connectivity within cortical columns. The model also explains several visual phenomena, including the subjective contour effect and neon-color spreading effect, with circuit-level precision. Our model and methodology provides a path forward in understanding cortical and thalamic computations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dileep George and Miguel Lázaro-Gredilla and Wolfgang Lehrach and Antoine Dedieu and Guangyao Zhou and Joseph Marino}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6698}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6698}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A detailed theory of thalamic and cortical microcircuits for predictive visual inference}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Imp/IGF2BP and Syp/SYNCRIP temporal RNA interactomes uncover combinatorial networks of regulators of drosophila brain development. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6682. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Temporal patterning of neural progenitors is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism generating neural diversity. In Drosophila , postembryonic neurogenesis requires the RNA binding proteins (RBPs) Imp/IGF2BP and Syp/SYNCRIP. However, how they coachieve their function is not well understood. Here, we elucidate the in vivo temporal RNA interactome landscapes of Imp and Syp during larval brain development. Imp and Syp bind a highly overlapping set of conserved mRNAs encoding proteins involved in neurodevelopment. We identify transcripts differentially occupied by Imp/Syp over time, featuring a network of known and previously unknown candidate temporal regulators that are post-transcriptionally regulated by Imp/Syp. Furthermore, the physical and coevolutionary relationships between Imp and Syp binding sites reveal a combinatorial, rather than competitive, mode of molecular interplay. Our study establishes an in vivo framework for dissecting the temporal coregulation of RBP networks as well as providing a resource for understanding neural fate specification.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeffrey Y. Lee and Niles Huang and Tamsin J. Samuels and Ilan Davis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6682}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6682}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Imp/IGF2BP and Syp/SYNCRIP temporal RNA interactomes uncover combinatorial networks of regulators of drosophila brain development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cation effects on CO2 reduction catalyzed by single-crystal and polycrystalline gold under well-defined mass transport conditions. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr6465. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The presence of alkali metal cations in the electrolyte substantially affects the reactivity and selectivity of electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction (CO 2 R). This study examines the role of cations in CO 2 R on single-crystal and polycrystalline Au under controlled mass-transport conditions. It establishes that CO 2 adsorption is the rate-determining step regardless of cation type or surface structure. Density functional theory calculations show that electron transfer occurs to a solvated CO 2 -cation complex. A more positive potential of zero charge enhances CO 2 R activity only on Au with similar surface coordination. The symmetry factor (β) of the rate-determining step varies with surface structure and cation identity, with density functional theory calculations indicating β’s sensitivity to surface and double-layer structures. These findings emphasize the importance of both surface and double-layer structures in understanding cation effects on CO 2 R.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhihao Cui and Andrew Jark-Wah Wong and Michael J. Janik and Anne C. Co}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6465}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr6465}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cation effects on CO2 reduction catalyzed by single-crystal and polycrystalline gold under well-defined mass transport conditions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Role of von willebrand factor, platelets, and aberrant flow in the initiation of venous thrombosis. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr5250. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Deep vein thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, because of the absence of overt blood vessel damage, how venous thrombosis is actually initiated remains unclear. Using endothelialized fluidic devices, we show that aberrant flow patterns that may occur in venous valve pockets of individuals with common stasis-related risk factors can cause the formation of von Willebrand factor–platelet tangles that are resistant to ADAMTS13 removal. These von Willebrand factor–bound platelets specifically recruit neutrophils in a manner that is dependent on platelet-activated α IIb β 3 , neutrophil SLC44A2, and endothelial P-selectin. The interaction of SLC44A2 with activated α IIb β 3 promotes formation of prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps. These data provide molecular and cellular insights into the proclivity for venous thrombosis to develop in venous valve pockets and suggest an alternative strategy to protect against the initiation of venous thrombosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Laura J. Mereweather and Daniel Harwood and Josefin Ahnström and Joseph van Batenburg-Sherwood and Isabelle I. Salles-Crawley and James T. B. Crawley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5250}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr5250}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Role of von willebrand factor, platelets, and aberrant flow in the initiation of venous thrombosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Evolution of entanglement entropy at SU(N) deconfined quantum critical points. SCIADV, 11(6), eadr0634. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Over past two decades, the enigma of the deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP) has attracted broad attention across physics communities, as it offers a new paradigm beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson framework. However, the nature of DQCP has been controversial based on conflicting numeric results. In our work, we demonstrate that an anomalous logarithmic behavior in the entanglement entropy (EE) persists in a class of models analogous to the DQCP. On the basis of quantum Monte Carlo computation of the EE on SU( N ) DQCP spin models, we show that for a series of N smaller than a critical value, the anomalous logarithmic behavior always exists, which implies that previously determined DQCPs in these models do not belong to conformal fixed points. In contrast, when N ≥ N c with an N c we evaluate to lie between 7 and 8, DQCPs are consistent with conformal fixed points that can be understood within the Abelian Higgs field theory.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Menghan Song and Jiarui Zhao and Meng Cheng and Cenke Xu and Michael Scherer and Lukas Janssen and Zi Yang Meng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0634}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadr0634}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Evolution of entanglement entropy at SU(N) deconfined quantum critical points}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Centrioles generate two scaffolds with distinct biophysical properties to build mitotic centrosomes. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq9549. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitotic centrosomes assemble when centrioles recruit large amounts of pericentriolar material (PCM) around themselves. The PCM comprises hundreds of proteins, and there is much debate about its physical nature. Here, we show that Drosophila Spd-2 (human CEP192) fluxes out from centrioles, recruiting Polo and Aurora A kinases to catalyze the assembly of two distinct mitotic-PCM scaffolds: a Polo-dependent Cnn scaffold, and an Aurora A–dependent TACC scaffold, which exhibit solid- and liquid-like behaviors, respectively. Both scaffolds can independently recruit PCM proteins, but both are required for proper centrosome assembly, with the Cnn scaffold providing mechanical strength, and the TACC scaffold concentrating centriole and centrosome proteins. Recruiting Spd-2 to synthetic beads injected into early embryos reconstitutes key aspects of mitotic centrosome assembly on the bead surface, and this depends on Spd-2’s ability to recruit Polo and Aurora A. Thus, Spd-2 orchestrates the assembly of two scaffolds, with distinct biophysical properties, that cooperate to build mitotic centrosomes in flies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Siu-Shing Wong and Joao M. Monteiro and Chia-Chun Chang and Min Peng and Nada Mohamad and Thomas L. Steinacker and Bocheng Xiao and Saroj Saurya and Alan Wainman and Jordan W. Raff}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9549}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq9549}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Centrioles generate two scaffolds with distinct biophysical properties to build mitotic centrosomes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-stranded DNA binding to the transcription factor PafBC triggers the mycobacterial DNA damage response. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq9054. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The DNA damage response in mycobacteria is controlled by the heterodimeric transcription factor PafBC, a member of the WYL domain–containing protein family. It has been shown that PafBC induces transcription of its regulon by reprogramming the housekeeping RNA polymerase holoenzyme to recognize PafBC-dependent promoters through sigma adaptation. However, the mechanism by which DNA damage is sensed and translated into PafBC activation has remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the binding of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to the WYL domains of PafBC activates the transcription factor. Our cryo–electron microscopy structure of full-length PafBC in its active conformation, bound to the transcription initiation complex, reveals a previously unknown mode of interaction between the ssDNA and the WYL domains. Using biochemical experiments, we show that short ssDNA fragments bind to PafBC dynamically, resulting in deactivation as ssDNA levels decrease postrepair. Our findings shed light on the mechanism linking DNA damage to PafBC activation and expand our understanding of WYL domain–containing proteins.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Charlotte M. Schilling and Rafal Zdanowicz and Julius Rabl and Andreas U. Müller and Daniel Boehringer and Rudi Glockshuber and Eilika Weber-Ban}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9054}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq9054}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-stranded DNA binding to the transcription factor PafBC triggers the mycobacterial DNA damage response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enrichment of moderately volatile elements in first-generation planetesimals of the inner solar system. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq7848. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The depletion of moderately volatile elements (MVEs) in terrestrial planets remains poorly understood, with explanations including partial nebular condensation and MVE loss during planetesimal differentiation or collisions. In this study, we use magmatic iron meteorites to reconstruct the MVE inventory of the earliest inner [noncarbonaceous (NC)] and outer [carbonaceous (CC)] Solar System planetesimals. We show that several NC and CC iron meteorite parent bodies (IMPBs) exhibit chondrite-like MVE abundances, indicating that “first-generation” inner Solar System planetesimals were remarkably MVE rich. Consistent with isotopic signatures of MVEs in Earth and Mars, these planetesimals made a substantial contribution to the MVE inventories of terrestrial planets. Variations in MVE abundances among IMPBs, particularly the two volatile-depleted NC and CC IMPBs (IVA and IVB), reflect secondary volatile loss after disruption of their parent bodies. Consequently, MVE depletion in terrestrial planets is more closely linked to the protracted history of MVE loss during planetesimal collisions rather than incomplete condensation or MVE loss during planetesimal differentiation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Damanveer S. Grewal and Surjyendu Bhattacharjee and Bidong Zhang and Nicole X. Nie and Yoshinori Miyazaki}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7848}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq7848}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enrichment of moderately volatile elements in first-generation planetesimals of the inner solar system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reducing microglial lipid load enhances β amyloid phagocytosis in an alzheimer’s disease mouse model. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq6038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Macrophages accumulate lipid droplets (LDs) under stress and inflammatory conditions. Despite the presence of LD-loaded macrophages in many tissues, including the brain, their contribution to neurodegenerative disorders remains elusive. This study investigated the role of lipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by assessing the contribution of LD-loaded brain macrophages, including microglia and border-associated macrophages (BAMs), in an AD mouse model. Particularly, BAMs and activated CD11c + microglia localized near β amyloid (Aβ) plaques exhibited a pronounced lipid-associated gene signature and a high LD load. Having observed that elevated intracellular LD content correlated inversely with microglial phagocytic activities, we subsequently inhibited LD formation specifically in CX3CR1 + brain macrophages using an inducible APP-KI/ Fit2 i Δ M φ transgenic mouse model. We demonstrated that reducing LD content in microglia and CX3CR1 + BAMs remarkably improved their phagocytic ability. Furthermore, lowering microglial LDs consistently enhanced their efferocytosis capacities and notably reduced Aβ deposition in the brain parenchyma. Therefore, mitigating LD accumulation in brain macrophages provides perspectives for AD treatment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoting Wu and James Alastair Miller and Bernett Teck Kwong Lee and Yulan Wang and Christiane Ruedl}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq6038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reducing microglial lipid load enhances β amyloid phagocytosis in an alzheimer’s disease mouse model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Trichome development of systemic developing leaves is regulated by a nutrient sensor–relay mechanism within mature leaves. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq5820. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Trichome initiation and development is regulated by a diverse range of environmental signals. However, how leaf carbohydrate status determines the trichome initiation and development of systemic developing leaves remains unclear. Here, we found that a specific organ (such as a mature leaf) could function as a nutrient sensor, subsequently promoting or suppressing nonautonomous regulation of trichome initiation and development in response to alternations in nutrient levels. This physical phenomenon was regulated by a sucrose ⟶ ACS7 ⟶ ethylene ⟶ EIN3 ⟶ SUC4 ⟶ sucrose pathway in mature leaves, with a remote control of trichome production in newly developing leaves via a sucrose ⟶ ACS7 ⟶ ethylene ⟶ EIN3 ⟶ TTG1 pathway. These data provide insights into how mature leaves function as nutrient sensors that control trichome formation within distant developing leaves through a nutrient sensor–relay mechanism. Our findings uncover both a previously unidentified, nutrient sensing–regulatory mechanism and the cognate underpinning molecular architecture.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yu-ting Wei and Qin-Xin Bao and Ya-Na Shi and Xin-Rong Mu and Yi-Bo Wang and Ji-Hong Jiang and Fu-Huan Yu and Lai-Sheng Meng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5820}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq5820}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Trichome development of systemic developing leaves is regulated by a nutrient sensor–relay mechanism within mature leaves}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climatic and ecological responses to bennu-type asteroid collisions. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq5399. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There is an estimated chance of 0.037% that asteroid Bennu will collide with Earth in 2182 CE. The potential collision of such medium-sized asteroids can inject massive amounts of dust into the atmosphere, with unknown consequences for terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Here, we use the coupled high-top Community Earth System Model Version 2 with interactive chemistry to investigate how medium-sized asteroid strikes would affect climate, vegetation, and marine productivity. Our simulations, which inject up to 400 million tons of dust into the stratosphere, show marked disruptions in climate, atmospheric chemistry, and global photosynthesis. Global mean temperatures are projected to drop by 4°C, and global precipitation decreases by 15% in our simulations. The largest relative reductions in global terrestrial and marine net primary productivity reach 36 and 25%, respectively. Depending on the iron amount of the asteroid and the subsequent marine dust deposition, large diatom blooms occur in iron-limited regions such as the Southern Ocean and the eastern equatorial Pacific.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lan Dai and Axel Timmermann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5399}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq5399}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climatic and ecological responses to bennu-type asteroid collisions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Arabidopsis KNL1 recruits type one protein phosphatase to kinetochores to silence the spindle assembly checkpoint. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq4033. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Proper chromosome segregation during cell division is essential for genomic integrity and organismal development. This process is monitored by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which delays anaphase onset until all chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore protein KNL1 plays a critical role in recruiting SAC proteins. Here, we reveal that Arabidopsis KNL1 regulates SAC silencing through the direct recruitment of type one protein phosphatase (TOPP) to kinetochores. We show that KNL1 interacts with all nine TOPPs via a conserved RVSF motif in its N terminus, and this interaction is required for the proper localization of TOPPs to kinetochores during mitosis. Disrupting KNL1-TOPP interaction leads to persistent SAC activation, resulting in a severe metaphase arrest and defects in plant growth and development. Our findings highlight the evolutionary conservation of KNL1 in coordinating kinetochore-localized phosphatase to ensure timely SAC silencing and faithful chromosome segregation in Arabidopsis .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ying He and Xiaoya Tang and Hao Fu and Yihang Tang and Honghui Lin and Xingguang Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4033}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq4033}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Arabidopsis KNL1 recruits type one protein phosphatase to kinetochores to silence the spindle assembly checkpoint}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Uncoupling of akt and mTOR signaling drives resistance to akt inhibition in PTEN loss prostate cancers. SCIADV, 11(6), eadq3802. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Recent phase 3 clinical trial showed improved radiographic progression-free survival in PTEN-deficient prostate cancers treated with combined Akt and AR inhibition. Building on this and our previous research into PI3K and AR signaling interactions, we aimed to define the mechanisms of response and resistance to Akt inhibition. We discovered that restoration of mTOR signaling was the early dominant driver of resistance to Akt inhibition. Mechanistically, this can be achieved through molecular alterations, resulting in loss of negative regulators of mTOR. Unexpectedly, we discovered that this was dominated by restoration of mTOR signaling through the nutrient sensing arm. This can be achieved by loss of the components of the GATOR/KICSTOR complexes or through cellular processes, leading to the recycling of amino acids. The addition of an mTOR inhibitor restored sensitivity to Akt inhibition and represents a precision-based strategy to overcome resistance in the clinic.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ninghui Mao and Young Sun Lee and Nazifa Salsabeel and Zeda Zhang and Dan Li and Harmanpreet Kaur and Xiaoping Chen and Qing Chang and Sanjay Mehta and Jesse Barnes and Elisa de Stanchina and Ralph Garippa and Yu Chen and Charles Sawyers and Brett S. Carver}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3802}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadq3802}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Uncoupling of akt and mTOR signaling drives resistance to akt inhibition in PTEN loss prostate cancers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A biological model of nonlinear dimensionality reduction. SCIADV, 11(6), eadp9048. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Obtaining appropriate low-dimensional representations from high-dimensional sensory inputs in an unsupervised manner is essential for straightforward downstream processing. Although nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods such as t -distributed stochastic neighbor embedding ( t -SNE) have been developed, their implementation in simple biological circuits remains unclear. Here, we develop a biologically plausible dimensionality reduction algorithm compatible with t -SNE, which uses a simple three-layer feedforward network mimicking the Drosophila olfactory circuit. The proposed learning rule, described as three-factor Hebbian plasticity, is effective for datasets such as entangled rings and MNIST, comparable to t -SNE. We further show that the algorithm could be working in olfactory circuits in Drosophila by analyzing the multiple experimental data in previous studies. We lastly suggest that the algorithm is also beneficial for association learning between inputs and rewards, allowing the generalization of these associations to other inputs not yet associated with rewards.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kensuke Yoshida and Taro Toyoizumi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9048}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadp9048}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A biological model of nonlinear dimensionality reduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Artificial intelligence using a latent diffusion model enables the generation of diverse and potent antimicrobial peptides. SCIADV, 11(6), eadp7171. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Artificial intelligence holds great promise for the design of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); however, current models face limitations in generating AMPs with sufficient novelty and diversity, and they are rarely applied to the generation of antifungal peptides. Here, we develop an alternative pipeline grounded in a diffusion model and molecular dynamics for the de novo design of AMPs. The peptides generated by our pipeline have lower similarity and identity than those of other reported methodologies. Among the 40 peptides synthesized for an experimental validation, 25 exhibit either antibacterial or antifungal activity. AMP-29 shows selective antifungal activity against Candida glabrata and in vivo antifungal efficacy in a murine skin infection model. AMP-24 exhibits potent in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacteria and in vivo efficacy against both skin and lung Acinetobacter baumannii infection models. The proposed approach offers a pipeline for designing diverse AMPs to counteract the threat of antibiotic resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yeji Wang and Minghui Song and Fujing Liu and Zhen Liang and Rui Hong and Yuemei Dong and Huaizu Luan and Xiaojie Fu and Wenchang Yuan and Wenjie Fang and Gang Li and Hongxiang Lou and Wenqiang Chang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7171}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadp7171}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Artificial intelligence using a latent diffusion model enables the generation of diverse and potent antimicrobial peptides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CyanoTag: Discovery of protein function facilitated by high-throughput endogenous tagging in a photosynthetic prokaryote. SCIADV, 11(6), eadp6599. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Despite their importance to aquatic ecosystems, global carbon cycling, and sustainable bioindustries, the genomes of photosynthetic bacteria contain large numbers of uncharacterized genes. Here, we develop high-throughput endogenous fluorescent protein tagging in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. From 400 targets, we successfully tag over 330 proteins corresponding to >10% of the proteome. We use this collection to determine subcellular localization, relative protein abundances, and protein-protein interaction networks, providing biological insights into diverse processes—from photosynthesis to cell division. We build a high-confidence protein-protein interaction map for the major components of photosynthesis, associating previously uncharacterized proteins with different complexes and processes. In response to light changes, we visualize, on second timescales, the reversible formation, growth, and fusion of puncta by two Calvin cycle proteins, suggesting that biomolecular condensation provides spatiotemporal control of the Calvin cycle in cyanobacteria. We envision that these insights, cell lines, and optimized methods will facilitate rapid advances in cyanobacteria biology and, more broadly, all photosynthetic life.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abigail J. Perrin and Matthew Dowson and Katharine Davis and Onyou Nam and Adam A. Dowle and Grant Calder and Victoria J. Springthorpe and Guoyan Zhao and Luke C. M. Mackinder}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp6599}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadp6599}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CyanoTag: Discovery of protein function facilitated by high-throughput endogenous tagging in a photosynthetic prokaryote}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on an NIR-II/SWIR emitting nanoparticle platform. SCIADV, 11(6), eadp5539. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic caused a global health crisis that resulted in millions of deaths. Effective vaccines have played central roles in curtailing the pandemic. Here, we developed a down-converting near-infrared IIb (NIR-IIb; 1500 to 1700 nanometers) luminescent, pure NaErF 4 @NaYF 4 rare-earth nanoparticle (pEr) as vaccine carriers. The pEr nanoparticles were coated with three layers of cross-linked biocompatible polymers (pEr-P 3 ; ~55 nanometers) and conjugated to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. Upon subcutaneous injection of the pEr-P 3 -RBD nanovaccine in mice, in vivo NIR-IIb imaging revealed active vaccine trafficking and migration to lymph nodes through lymphatic vessels. Two doses of the adjuvant-free vaccine elicited long-lasting (>7 months) high titers of serum viral neutralization antibody and anti-RBD immunoglobulin G, along with robust RBD-specific germinal center B cells and T follicular helper cells. We devised in vivo NIR-II molecular imaging of RBD-specific cells in lymph nodes, opening noninvasive assessments of vaccine-elicited immune responses longitudinally.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yingying Jiang and Mrinmoy Sanyal and Noor A. Hussein and Ani Baghdasaryan and Mengzhen Zhang and Feifei Wang and Fuqiang Ren and Jiachen Li and Guanzhou Zhu and Yifan Meng and Julia Zofia Adamska and Elizabeth Mellins and Hongjie Dai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5539}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadp5539}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on an NIR-II/SWIR emitting nanoparticle platform}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electric plasma guided with ultrasonic fields. SCIADV, 11(6), eadp0686. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electric plasma forms sparks in midair that transfer electrical current. This current can power high-voltage electronics, kill bacteria, produce tactile sensations, or be used for welding. However, the formation of the spark is chaotic and hard to control. Laser pulses can guide discharges but require high power and are disruptive and cumbersome to control. Here, we show that ultrasonic fields can guide plasma sparks, even around obstacles. The ultrasonic beams can be directed dynamically and within milliseconds, enabling precise, nondangerous, and fast control of high-voltage sparks. This phenomenon can be used for applications in high-voltage switching and plasma treatments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Josu Irisarri and Iñigo Ezcurdia and Naroa Iriarte and Marika Sirkka and Dmitry Nikolaev and Joni Mäkinen and Alexander Martinez-Marchese and Denys Iablonskyi and Ari Salmi and Asier Marzo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0686}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadp0686}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electric plasma guided with ultrasonic fields}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inflammatory responses to acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the role of plasma gelsolin. SCIADV, 11(6), eado9751. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The mechanism for neurological deficits from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is unclear. In a series of 150 patients with CO poisoning, we found marked elevations of blood-borne inflammatory filamentous (F-) actin–coated microparticles (MPs), neutrophil activation, and a 90% reduction in the normal level of plasma gelsolin (pGSN), a protein capable of lysing F-actin–coated MPs. This led to studies in a murine model where the same events occur and cause neuroinflammation with cognitive dysfunction. All events are recapitulated when F-actin MPs are injected intravenously, which establishes a blood-to-brain-to-blood inflammatory cycle that persists for weeks. All changes, including cognitive dysfunction, can be abrogated by an injection of human recombinant pGSN within 2 weeks after CO poisoning. These findings demonstrate that CO-induced neurological injury has an inflammatory etiology. Because of MP-mediated communications between the brain and systemic circulation, CO-induced cognitive deficits may be reversible with a pharmaceutical intervention.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Awadhesh K. Arya and Kinjal Sethuraman and Jaylyn Waddell and Yong Sung Cha and Yuanyuan Liang and Veena M. Bhopale and Abid R. Bhat and Zuha Imtiyaz and Alik Dakessian and Yoonsuk Lee and Stephen R. Thom}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9751}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eado9751}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inflammatory responses to acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the role of plasma gelsolin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elderly vulnerability to temperature-related mortality risks in china. SCIADV, 11(6), eado5499. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The elderly face elevated mortality risk due to rising temperature. Previous assessments of temperature-related mortality, however, lack a comprehensive analysis of distinct impacts of temperature change across different timescales and characteristics. Using a longitudinal survey of 27,233 elderly Chinese citizens from 2005 to 2018, we establish connections between rising temperatures, temperature variability, and extreme heat with increased mortality risk, assessed through four annual metrics that combine temperature and humidity. The intensity and prolonged duration of extreme heat are found to have the greatest impact on mortality risk. Furthermore, by identifying heterogeneous impacts based on location, sex, age, obesity, income, and diet, we reveal the pathways through which temperature metrics are likely to influence mortality risk. Our study highlights the compound effects of rising temperatures for elderly populations, and it could be expanded to other countries and regions experiencing similar challenges due to an aging population experiencing warming conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xin Yao and Ying Qu and Ashok K. Mishra and Michael E. Mann and Liqiang Zhang and Chen Bai and Mengting Li and Jintai Lin and Jing Wei and Qiwei Yu and Ruiqiang Ding and Yuebin Wang and Lei Zhang and Jing Yang and Junpei Tao and Suhong Liu and Qihao Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado5499}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eado5499}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elderly vulnerability to temperature-related mortality risks in china}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Instant variable stiffness in cardiovascular catheters based on fiber jamming. SCIADV, 11(6), eadn1207. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Variable stiffness (VS) has revolutionized miniature surgical instruments, including cardiovascular catheters for minimally invasive surgeries (MISs), enabling advanced capabilities in stiffness modulation and multi-curvature bending. However, existing VS catheters with phase-changing materials are slow in softening and stiffening rates (≈90 s), which can lead to substantial increase in surgery duration. To address the slow stiffness change, we propose a VS catheter based on fiber jamming (FJ) that achieves instant stiffness changes (≤300 ms), enabling seamless catheter operations without delays. Moreover, our catheter, incorporating hundreds of ultrathin fibers into a slender 2.3-mm catheter body, achieves up to 6.5-fold stiffness changes. With adequate stiffness change, our two-segment catheter achieves complex bending profiles within seconds. In addition, the FJ-based design does not require electric currents or heating inside the human body, minimizing patient risks. This FJ-based VS catheter, with instantaneous response, adequate stiffness change, and enhanced safety, can potentially establish benchmarks in MIS, allowing medical practitioners to effectively address formidable diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yi Sun and Yegor Piskarev and Etienne H. Hofstetter and Cedric Fischer and Quentin Boehler and Zdeněk Stárek and Bradley J. Nelson and Dario Floreano}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1207}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadn1207}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Instant variable stiffness in cardiovascular catheters based on fiber jamming}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The large role of declining atmospheric sulfate deposition and rising CO2 concentrations in stimulating future wetland CH4 emissions. SCIADV, 11(6), eadn1056. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Existing projections of wetland methane emissions usually neglect feedbacks from global biogeochemical cycles. Using data-driven approaches, we estimate wetland methane emissions from 2000 to 2100, considering effects of meteorological changes and biogeochemical feedbacks from atmospheric sulfate deposition and CO 2 fertilization. In low-CO 2 scenarios (1.5° and 2°C warming pathways), the suppressive effect of sulfate deposition on wetland methane emissions largely diminishes by 2100 due to clean air policies, with resulting emission increases (7 ± 2 Tg a −1 ) being 35 and 22% of total wetland emission changes. In mid-CO 2 scenarios (2.4° to 3.6°C warming pathways), sulfate deposition changes modestly, and CO 2 fertilization contributes >30% of wetland emission increases. Across all scenarios, biogeochemical feedbacks can stimulate 30 to 45% of future wetland emission rises. Under 1.5° and 2°C pathways, wetland methane emissions will likely increase by 20 to 34 Tg a −1 by 2100, representing 8 to 15% of the allowable space for anthropogenic methane emissions, a factor not yet considered by current assessments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lu Shen and Shushi Peng and Zhen Zhang and Chuan Tong and Jintai Lin and Yang Li and Huiru Zhong and Shuang Ma and Minghao Zhuang and Vincent Gauci}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1056}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadn1056}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The large role of declining atmospheric sulfate deposition and rising CO2 concentrations in stimulating future wetland CH4 emissions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Titan’s spin state as a constraint on tidal dissipation. SCIADV, 11(6), eadl4741. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tidal dissipation in satellites affects their orbital and rotational evolution and their ability to maintain subsurface oceans. However, a satellite’s dissipation rate, parameterized by k 2 /Q , is hard to measure and is only known for the Moon and Io. Here, we use Titan’s measured departure from its expected rotation state to infer k 2 /Q and its boundary layer dissipation parameter K/C s . Over the likely range of ocean and ice shell thicknesses, we infer a K / C s of 6.3 × 10 −14 s −1 to 2.4 × 10 −10 s −1 , a k 2 /Q of 0.058 to 0.12, and a minimum dissipation factor Q ≈ 5 . Titan’s dissipation parameters are one to two orders of magnitude larger than the Moon’s and suggest an interior with a low effective viscosity. Titan’s dissipation rate implies that its eccentricity and inclination are damping rapidly, consistent with an excitation within the last ~350 Myr. The forthcoming Dragonfly lander could measure Titan’s tidal response, and JUICE could use our approach to determine Ganymede’s k 2 /Q .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brynna G. Downey and Francis Nimmo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl4741}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {eadl4741}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Titan’s spin state as a constraint on tidal dissipation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adapting hybrid density functionals with machine learning. SCIADV, 11(5), eadt7769. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exact exchange contributions significantly affect electronic states, influencing covalent bond formation and breaking. Hybrid density functional approximations, which average exact exchange admixtures empirically, have achieved success but fall short of high-level quantum chemistry accuracy due to delocalization errors. We propose adaptive hybrid functionals, generating optimal exact exchange admixture ratios on the fly using data-efficient quantum machine learning models with negligible overhead. The adaptive Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof hybrid density functional (aPBE0) improves energetics, electron densities, and HOMO-LUMO gaps in QM9, QM7b, and GMTKN55 benchmark datasets. A model uncertainty-based constraint reduces the method smoothly to PBE0 in extrapolative regimes, ensuring general applicability with limited training. By tuning exact exchange fractions for different spin states, aPBE0 effectively addresses the spin gap problem in open-shell systems such as carbenes. We also present a revised QM9 (revQM9) dataset with more accurate quantum properties, including stronger covalent binding, larger bandgaps, more localized electron densities, and larger dipole moments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Danish Khan and Alastair J. A. Price and Bing Huang and Maximilian L. Ach and O. Anatole von Lilienfeld}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7769}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadt7769}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adapting hybrid density functionals with machine learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hamiltonian learning for 300 trapped ion qubits with long-range couplings. SCIADV, 11(5), eadt4713. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Quantum simulators with hundreds of qubits and engineerable Hamiltonians have the potential to explore quantum many-body models that are intractable for classical computers. However, learning the simulated Hamiltonian, a prerequisite for any quantitative applications of a quantum simulator, remains an outstanding challenge due to the fast increasing time cost with the qubit number and the lack of high-fidelity universal gate operations in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era. Here, we demonstrate the Hamiltonian learning of a two-dimensional ion trap quantum simulator with 300 qubits. We use global manipulations and single-qubit–resolved state detection to efficiently learn the all-to-all–coupled Ising model Hamiltonian, with the required quantum resources scaling at most linearly with the qubit number. We further demonstrate a physically guided learning scheme with the quantum sample complexity independent of system sizes by carefully fitting the anharmonic trap potential. Our work paves the way for wide applications of large-scale ion trap quantum simulators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shi-An Guo and Yu-Kai Wu and Jing Ye and Lin Zhang and Ye Wang and Wen-Qian Lian and Rui Yao and Yu-Lin Xu and Chi Zhang and Yu-Zi Xu and Bin-Xiang Qi and Pan-Yu Hou and Li He and Zi-Chao Zhou and Lu-Ming Duan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4713}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadt4713}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hamiltonian learning for 300 trapped ion qubits with long-range couplings}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). PD-l1-CD80 interactions are required for intracellular signaling necessary for dendritic cell migration. SCIADV, 11(5), eadt3044. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) interactions are targets for immunotherapies aimed to reinvigorate T cell function. Recently, it was documented that PD-L1 regulates dendritic cell (DC) migration through intracellular signaling events. In this study, we find that both preclinical murine and clinically available human PD-L1 antibodies limit DC migration. We show that cis interactions between PD-L1 and CD80 are critical for promoting migration and define specific regions within these proteins necessary for migration. Furthermore, we demonstrate that αPD-L1 significantly impedes DC migration in a B16 melanoma tumor model. Last, we outline how blocking cis PD-L1:CD80 interactions or mutation of the intracellular domain of PD-L1, in an imiquimod-induced murine model of psoriasis, limits DC migration to the lymph node, decreases interleukin-17 production by CD4 + T cells in the lymph node, and reduces epidermal thickening. Therefore, PD-L1 and CD80 interactions are important regulators of DC migration to the draining lymph node.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Uma Kantheti and Tadg S. Forward and Erin D. Lucas and Johnathon B. Schafer and Pierce J. Tamburini and Matthew A. Burchill and Beth Ann Jirón Tamburini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3044}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadt3044}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {PD-l1-CD80 interactions are required for intracellular signaling necessary for dendritic cell migration}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Motion hologram: Jointly optimized hologram generation and motion planning for photorealistic 3D displays via reinforcement learning. SCIADV, 11(5), eads9876. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Holography is capable of rendering three-dimensional scenes with full-depth control and delivering transformative experiences across numerous domains, including virtual and augmented reality, education, and communication. However, traditional holography presents 3D scenes with unnatural defocus and severe speckles due to the limited space bandwidth product of the spatial light modulator (SLM). Here, we introduce Motion Hologram, a holographic technique that accurately portrays photorealistic and speckle-free 3D scenes. This technique leverages a single hologram and a learnable motion trajectory, which are jointly optimized within a deep reinforcement learning framework. Specifically, we experimentally demonstrated that the proposed technique could achieve a 4- to 5-dB PSNR improvement of focal stacks in comparison with traditional holography and could successfully depict speckle-free, high-fidelity, and full-color 3D displays using only a commercial SLM. We believe that the proposed method promises a prospective form of holographic displays that will offer immersive viewing experiences for audiences.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhenxing Dong and Yuye Ling and Yan Li and Yikai Su}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9876}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads9876}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Motion hologram: Jointly optimized hologram generation and motion planning for photorealistic 3D displays via reinforcement learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A phytoplasma effector suppresses insect melanization immune response to promote pathogen persistent transmission. SCIADV, 11(5), eads9781. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Insect melanization triggered by the conversion of prophenoloxidase to active phenoloxidase via serine proteases (SPs) is an important immediate immune response. However, how phytoplasmas evade this immune response to promote their propagation in insect vectors remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that infection of leafhopper vectors with rice orange leaf phytoplasma (ROLP) activates the mild melanization response in hemolymph. ROLP-encoded effector protein SRP1 is highly expressed in leafhopper hemolymph, where it competitively binds to SP2, thereby inhibiting SP2-mediated cleavage of prophenoloxidase into active phenoloxidase. Consequently, microinjection of SRP1 effectively suppresses the melanization response and enhances ROLP propagation. The histidine residue at position 23 of SRP1 is essential for SRP1-SP2 interaction, and the mutation of this position abolishes its ability to inhibit such SP2-meidated cleavage, ultimately promoting melanization response and inhibiting ROLP propagation. Our findings provide insights into how phytoplasmas antagonize insect melanization response to facilitate their persistent transmission.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiao-Feng Zhang and Zhanpeng Li and Jiaxin Qiu and Ruonan Zhang and Zhoumian Jiang and Tengfei Wang and Hongyan Chen and Taiyun Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads9781}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads9781}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A phytoplasma effector suppresses insect melanization immune response to promote pathogen persistent transmission}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soft multifunctional bistable fabric mechanism for electronics-free autonomous robots. SCIADV, 11(5), eads8734. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pneumatic soft robots are promising in diverse applications while they typically require additional electronics or components for pressure control. Fusing pneumatic actuation and control capabilities into a simple soft module remains challenging. Here, we present a class of bistable fabric mechanisms (BFMs) that merge soft bistable actuators and valves for electronics-free autonomous robots. The BFMs comprise two bonding fabric chambers with embedded tubes, where the straightening of one chamber compels the other to buckle for the bistability of the structure and the switching of the tube kinking. Our BFMs can facilitate fast bending actuation (more than 1166° s −1 ), on/off and continuous pressure regulation, pneumatic logic computations, and autonomous oscillating actuation (up to 4.6 Hz). We further demonstrate the capabilities of BFMs for diverse robotic applications powered by one constant-pressure air supply: a soft gripper for dynamic grasping and a soft crawler for autonomous jumping. Our BFM development showcases unique features and huge potential in advancing entirely soft, electronics-free autonomous robots.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dezhi Yang and Miao Feng and Jianing Sun and Yexun Wei and Jiang Zou and Xiangyang Zhu and Guoying Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8734}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads8734}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soft multifunctional bistable fabric mechanism for electronics-free autonomous robots}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Variable vertical land motion and its impacts on sea level rise projections. SCIADV, 11(5), eads8163. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coastal vertical land motion (VLM), including uplift and subsidence, can greatly alter relative sea level projections and flood mitigations plans. Yet, current projection frameworks, such as the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, often underestimate VLM by relying on regional linear estimates. Using high-resolution (90-meter) satellite data from 2015 to 2023, we provide local VLM estimates for California and assess their contribution to sea level rise both now and in future. Our findings reveal that regional estimates substantially understate sea level rise in parts of San Francisco and Los Angeles, projecting more than double the expected rise by 2050. Additionally, temporally variable (nonlinear) VLM, driven by factors such as hydrocarbon and groundwater extraction, can increase uncertainties in 2050 projections by up to 0.4 meters in certain areas of Los Angeles and San Diego. This study highlights the critical need to include local VLM and its uncertainties in sea level rise assessments to improve coastal management and ensure effective adaptation efforts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marin Govorcin and David P. S. Bekaert and Benjamin D. Hamlington and Simran S. Sangha and William Sweet}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8163}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads8163}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Variable vertical land motion and its impacts on sea level rise projections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anti-icing properties of polar bear fur. SCIADV, 11(5), eads7321. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ) is the only Arctic land mammal that dives into water to hunt. Despite thermal insulation provided by blubber and fur layers and low Arctic temperatures, their fur is typically observed to be free of ice. This study investigates the anti-icing properties of polar bear fur. Here, we show that polar bear fur exhibits low ice adhesion strengths comparable to fluorocarbon-coated fibers, with the low ice adhesion a consequence of the fur sebum (hair grease). Lipid analyses reveal the presence of cholesterol, diacylglycerols, anteisomethyl-branched fatty acids, and the unexpected absence of squalene. Quantum chemical calculations predict low ice adsorption energies for identified lipids and high adsorption for squalene, suggesting that sebum composition is responsible for the observed anti-icing properties. Our work enhances understanding of polar bears and their interactions with their environment and builds on Inuit knowledge of natural anti-icing materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Julian Carolan and Martin Jakubec and Neubi F. XavierJr. and Adam Pestana Motala and Ersilia Bifulco and Jon Aars and Magnus Andersen and Anne Lisbeth Schmidt and Marc Brunet Cabré and Vikaramjeet Singh and Paula E. Colavita and Espen Werdal Selfors and Marco Sacchi and Shane O’Reilly and Øyvind Halskau and Manish K. Tiwari and Richard G. Hobbs and Bodil Holst}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7321}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads7321}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anti-icing properties of polar bear fur}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Increasing rat numbers in cities are linked to climate warming, urbanization, and human population. SCIADV, 11(5), eads6782. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Urban rats are commensal pests that thrive in cities by exploiting the resources accompanying large human populations. Identifying long-term trends in rat numbers and how they are shaped by environmental changes is critical for understanding their ecology, and projecting future vulnerabilities and mitigation needs. Here, we use public complaint and inspection data from 16 cities around the world to estimate trends in rat populations. Eleven of 16 cities (69%) had significant increasing trends in rat numbers, including Washington D.C., New York, and Amsterdam. Just three cities experienced declines. Cities experiencing greater temperature increases over time saw larger increases in rats. Cities with more dense human populations and more urbanization also saw larger increases in rats. Warming temperatures and more people living in cities may be expanding the seasonal activity periods and food availability for urban rats. Cities will have to integrate the biological impacts of these variables into future management strategies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonathan L. Richardson and Elizabeth P. McCoy and Nicholas Parlavecchio and Ryan Szykowny and Eli Beech-Brown and Jan A. Buijs and Jacqueline Buckley and Robert M. Corrigan and Federico Costa and Ray DeLaney and Rachel Denny and Leah Helms and Wade Lee and Maureen H. Murray and Claudia Riegel and Fabio N. Souza and John Ulrich and Adena Why and Yasushi Kiyokawa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6782}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads6782}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Increasing rat numbers in cities are linked to climate warming, urbanization, and human population}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tensor networks enable the calculation of turbulence probability distributions. SCIADV, 11(5), eads5990. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Predicting the dynamics of turbulent fluids has been an elusive goal for centuries. Even with modern computers, anything beyond the simplest turbulent flows is too chaotic and multiscaled to be directly simulatable. An alternative is to treat turbulence probabilistically, viewing flow properties as random variables distributed according to joint probability density functions (PDFs). Such PDFs are neither chaotic nor multiscale, yet remain challenging to simulate due to their high dimensionality. Here, we overcome the dimensionality problem by encoding turbulence PDFs as highly compressed “tensor networks” (TNs). This enables single CPU core simulations that would otherwise be impractical even with supercomputers: for a 5 + 1 dimensional PDF of a chemically reactive turbulent flow, we achieve reductions in memory and computational costs by factors of O ( 10 6 ) and O ( 10 3 ) , respectively, compared to standard finite-difference algorithms. A future path is opened toward something heretofore thought infeasible: directly simulating high-dimensional PDFs of both turbulent flows and other chaotic systems that can usefully be described probabilistically.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nikita Gourianov and Peyman Givi and Dieter Jaksch and Stephen B. Pope}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5990}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads5990}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tensor networks enable the calculation of turbulence probability distributions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthesis of naphthalene derivatives via nitrogen-to-carbon transmutation of isoquinolines. SCIADV, 11(5), eads5928. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Heteroarene skeletal editing is gaining popularity in synthetic chemistry. Transmuting single atoms generates molecules that have distinctly varied properties, thereby fostering potent molecular exchanges that can be extensively used to synthesize functional molecules. Herein, we present a convenient protocol for nitrogen-carbon single-atom transmutations in isoquinolines, which is inspired by the Wittig reaction and enables easy access to substituted naphthalene derivatives. The reaction uses an inexpensive and commercially available phosphonium ylide as the carbon source to furnish a wide range of substituted naphthalenes. The key to the success of this transformation is the formation of a triene intermediate through ring opening, which undergoes 6π-electrocyclization and elimination processes to afford the naphthalene product. Furthermore, this strategy enables the facile synthesis of 13 C-labeled naphthalenes using 13 CH 3 PPh 3 I as a commercial 13 C source and facilitates modifying the directing group for C─H functionalization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tongtong Zhu and Xuhui Cui and Wenjun Ma and Xiujuan Qi and Hao Wei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5928}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads5928}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthesis of naphthalene derivatives via nitrogen-to-carbon transmutation of isoquinolines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flexible electronic brush: Real-time multimodal sensing powered by reservoir computing through whisker dynamics. SCIADV, 11(5), eads4388. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multimodal sensing using soft body dynamics plays a crucial role in controlling soft robotic motions. An intriguing application of such soft robot control is to mimic whiskers and digitize soft body motion through whisker dynamics. The challenge herein is to simultaneously monitor the directions, speed, force, and slip information of the whisker motion. The existing whisker-like sensors cannot detect slip information effectively. To address this challenge, this study develops a multitasking electronic brush (e-brush) composed of bundle of whiskers powered by reservoir computing (RC). Four pressure sensors are integrated into the brush to monitor its motion, speed, force, slip, and target surface. These sensors can provide long-term, low-pressure detection as low as 50 pascals, allowing for the precise monitoring of brush movements. A RC algorithm is developed to extract multiple brush motion parameters, including the slip. As a proof of concept for multitasking e-brush, the motion trajectory of handwriting is successfully detected.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haruki Nakamura and Satoko Honda and Guren Matsumura and Seiji Wakabayashi and Koh Uehara and Kohei Nakajima and Kuniharu Takei}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4388}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads4388}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flexible electronic brush: Real-time multimodal sensing powered by reservoir computing through whisker dynamics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Femtojoule optical nonlinearity for deep learning with incoherent illumination. SCIADV, 11(5), eads4224. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical neural networks (ONNs) are a promising computational alternative for deep learning due to their inherent massive parallelism for linear operations. However, the development of energy-efficient and highly parallel optical nonlinearities, a critical component in ONNs, remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we introduce a nonlinear optical microdevice array (NOMA) compatible with incoherent illumination by integrating the liquid crystal cell with silicon photodiodes at the single-pixel level. We fabricate NOMA with more than half a million pixels, each functioning as an optical analog of the rectified linear unit at ultralow switching energy down to 100 femtojoules per pixel. With NOMA, we demonstrate an optical multilayer neural network. Our work holds promise for large-scale and low-power deep ONNs, computer vision, and real-time optical image processing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qixin Feng and Can B. Uzundal and Ruihan Guo and Collin Sanborn and Ruishi Qi and Jingxu Xie and Jianing Zhang and Junqiao Wu and Feng Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4224}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads4224}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Femtojoule optical nonlinearity for deep learning with incoherent illumination}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Selectively fluorinated aromatic lithium salts regulate the solvation structure and interfacial chemistry for all-solid-state batteries. SCIADV, 11(5), eads4014. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Solid polymer electrolytes suffer from the polymer-dominated Li + solvation structure, causing unstable electrolyte/electrode interphases and deteriorated battery performance. Here, we design a class of selectively fluorinated aromatic lithium salts (SFALS) as single conducting lithium salts to regulate the solvation structure and interfacial chemistry for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. By tuning the anionic structure, the Li + -polyether coupling is weakened, and the Li + -anion coordination is enhanced. The hydrogen bonding between the SFALS and polymer matrix induces a special “triad”-type solvation structure, which improves the electrolyte homogeneity and mechanical strength, and promotes the formation of an ultrathin and robust Li 2 O-rich solid electrolyte interphase. Therefore, the stable cycling of more than 1650 cycles (Coulombic efficiency, 99.8%) for LiFePO 4 /Li half cells and 580 cycles (97.4% capacity retention) for full cells is achieved. This molecular engineering strategy could inspire further advancements of functional lithium salts for practical application of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuaishuai Yan and Hao Liu and Yang Lu and Qingqing Feng and Hangyu Zhou and Yuhao Wu and Wenhui Hou and Yingchun Xia and Haiyu Zhou and Pan Zhou and Xuan Song and Yu Ou and Kai Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4014}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads4014}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Selectively fluorinated aromatic lithium salts regulate the solvation structure and interfacial chemistry for all-solid-state batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A look beyond topography: Transient phenomena of escherichia coli cell division captured with high-speed in-line force mapping. SCIADV, 11(5), eads3010. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Life on the nanoscale has been made accessible in recent decades by the development of fast and noninvasive techniques. High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) is one such technique that shed light on single protein dynamics. Extending HS-AFM to effortlessly incorporate mechanical property mapping while maintaining fast imaging speed allows a look deeper than topography and reveal details of nanoscale mechanisms that govern life. Here, we present high-speed in-line force mapping (HS-iFM) to record mechanical properties and topography maps with high spatiotemporal resolution. Using HS-iFM, a comprehensive study of the nanoscale mechanical properties of living Escherichia coli revealed localized stiffening and details during cell division, formation and diffusion of pores in the membrane, and the impact of depressurization of a cell. The frame time was as low as 15 seconds with a spatial resolution of 5.5 nanometers per pixel in topography and 22 nanometers per pixel in force maps, allowing the capture of transient phenomena on bacterial surfaces in striking detail.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Christian Ganser and Shigetaka Nishiguchi and Feng-Yueh Chan and Takayuki Uchihashi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3010}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads3010}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A look beyond topography: Transient phenomena of escherichia coli cell division captured with high-speed in-line force mapping}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ketogenesis supports hepatic polyunsaturated fatty acid homeostasis via fatty acid elongation. SCIADV, 11(5), eads0535. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ketogenesis is a dynamic metabolic conduit supporting hepatic fat oxidation particularly when carbohydrates are in short supply. Ketone bodies may be recycled into anabolic substrates, but a physiological role for this process has not been identified. Here, we use mass spectrometry–based 13 C-isotope tracing and shotgun lipidomics to establish a link between hepatic ketogenesis and lipid anabolism. Unexpectedly, mouse liver and primary hepatocytes consumed ketone bodies to support fatty acid biosynthesis via both de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) elongation. While an acetoacetate intermediate was not absolutely required for ketone bodies to source DNL, PUFA elongation required activation of acetoacetate by cytosolic acetoacetyl–coenzyme A synthetase (AACS). Moreover, AACS deficiency diminished free and esterified PUFAs in hepatocytes, while ketogenic insufficiency depleted PUFAs and increased liver triacylglycerols. These findings suggest that hepatic ketogenesis influences PUFA metabolism, representing a molecular mechanism through which ketone bodies could influence systemic physiology and chronic diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Eric D. Queathem and Zahra Moazzami and David B. Stagg and Alisa B. Nelson and Kyle Fulghum and Abdirahman Hayir and Alisha Seay and Jacob R. Gillingham and D. André d’Avignon and Xianlin Han and Hai-Bin Ruan and Peter A. Crawford and Patrycja Puchalska}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0535}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads0535}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ketogenesis supports hepatic polyunsaturated fatty acid homeostasis via fatty acid elongation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single molecule–driven nanomotors reveal the dynamic-disordered chemomechanical transduction of active enzymes. SCIADV, 11(5), eads0446. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Enzymes facilitate the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work during biochemical reactions, thereby regulating the dynamic metabolic activity of living systems. However, directly observing the energy release facilitated by fluctuating individual enzymes remains a challenge, leading to a contentious debate regarding the underlying reasons for this phenomenon. Here, we aim to overcome this challenge by developing an oscillating nanomotor powered by a single-molecule enzyme, which allows real-time tracking of energy transduction in enzymatic reactions. Through analysis of the shifts in free energy profiles within the nanomotors, our results unveil not only the heterogeneous energy release patterns of individual enzyme molecules but also the dynamic disorder of a particular enzyme in energy release over extended monitoring periods. By exploring six distinct types of single-molecule enzymatic reactions, we provide the direct evidence supporting the argument that the reaction enthalpy governs the enzymatic energy release. This approach has implications for understanding the mechanism of enzymatic catalysis and developing highly efficient nanomotors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuodong Tang and Jingyu Wu and Shaojun Wu and Wenjing Tang and Jian-Rong Zhang and Wenlei Zhu and Jun-Jie Zhu and Zixuan Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0446}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eads0446}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single molecule–driven nanomotors reveal the dynamic-disordered chemomechanical transduction of active enzymes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Radioactive contamination transported to western europe with saharan dust. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr9192. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Reggane region, where the first French atmospheric nuclear tests were conducted in the 1960s in Southern Algeria, is located in one of the most active dust source regions responsible for recurrent massive Saharan dust events reaching Western Europe and affecting air quality. After a major outbreak in March 2022, a citizen participative science campaign was launched to study the radioactivity born by the dust. One hundred ten deposit samples were collected from six countries in Western Europe with 53 demonstrated as scientifically representative. Geochemical and mineralogical sample analyses combined with satellite observations and back trajectory calculations confirmed an origin from South Algeria, including the Reggane site. Plutonium isotopic signatures, a unique nuclear bomb fingerprint, remained in the range of the global fallout signatures largely dominated by US and former USSR nuclear tests, significantly different from French fallout signatures. Radioactive contamination detected in all samples did not, however, present a risk to public health in terms of radioactivity exposure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yangjunjie Xu-Yang and Charlotte Skonieczny and Sophie Ayrault and Jean-Sébastien Barbier and Rémi Bizeul and Octave Bryskere and Pierre-Alexis Chaboche and Thomas Chalaux-Clergue and José A. Corcho-Alvarado and Anthony Foucher and Alice Karsenti and Maxime Leblanc and Germán Orizaola and Amélie Plautre and Stefan Röllin and Nirina Taraconat and Nicolas Tenaud and Ana Elisa Valdés and François Dulac and Olivier Evrard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9192}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr9192}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Radioactive contamination transported to western europe with saharan dust}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Epstein-barr virus–driven cardiolipin synthesis sustains metabolic remodeling during b cell transformation. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr8837. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects nearly 90% of adults globally and is linked to over 200,000 annual cancer cases. Immunocompromised individuals from conditions such as primary immune disorders, HIV, or posttransplant immunosuppressive therapies are particularly vulnerable because of EBV’s transformative capability. EBV remodels B cell metabolism to support energy, biosynthetic precursors, and redox equivalents necessary for transformation. Most EBV-driven metabolic pathways center on mitochondria. However, how EBV regulates B cell mitochondrial function and metabolic fluxes remains unclear. Here, we show that EBV boosts cardiolipin (CL) biosynthesis, essential for mitochondrial cristae biogenesis, via EBV nuclear antigen 2/MYC-induced CL enzyme transactivation. Pharmacological and CRISPR genetic analyses underscore the essentiality of CL biosynthesis in EBV-transformed B cells. Metabolomic and isotopic tracing highlight CL’s role in sustaining respiration, one-carbon metabolism, and aspartate synthesis. Disrupting CL biosynthesis destabilizes mitochondrial matrix enzymes pivotal to these pathways. We demonstrate EBV-induced CL metabolism as a therapeutic target, offering synthetic lethal strategies against EBV-associated B cell malignancies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haixi You and Larissa Havey and Zhixuan Li and Yin Wang and John M. Asara and Rui Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8837}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr8837}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Epstein-barr virus–driven cardiolipin synthesis sustains metabolic remodeling during b cell transformation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Investigating gut alterations in alzheimer’s disease: In-depth analysis with micro- and nano-3D X-ray phase contrast tomography. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr8511. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, remains one of the foremost public health challenges affecting more than 30 million people worldwide with the etiology still largely enigmatic. The intricate gut-brain axis, serving as a vital communication network between the gut and the brain, appears to wield influence in the progression of AD. Our study showcases the remarkable precision of x-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) in conducting an advanced three-dimensional examination of gut cellular composition and structure. The exploitation of micro- and nano-XPCT on various AD mouse models unveiled relevant alterations in villi and crypts, cellular transformations in Paneth and goblet cells, along with the detection of telocytes, neurons, erythrocytes, and mucus secretion by goblet cells within the gut cavity. The observed gut structural variations may elucidate the transition from dysbiosis to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Leveraging XPCT could prove pivotal in early detection and prognosis of the disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Francesca Palermo and Nicole Marrocco and Letizia Dacomo and Elena Grisafi and Viviana Moresi and Alessia Sanna and Lorenzo Massimi and Marianna Musella and Laura Maugeri and Inna Bukreeva and Fabio Fiordaliso and Alessandro Corbelli and Olga Junemann and Marina Eckermann and Peter Cloetens and Timm Weitkamp and Giuseppe Gigli and Nicole Kerlero de Rosbo and Claudia Balducci and Alessia Cedola}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8511}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr8511}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Investigating gut alterations in alzheimer’s disease: In-depth analysis with micro- and nano-3D X-ray phase contrast tomography}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ChromoGen: Diffusion model predicts single-cell chromatin conformations. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr8265. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Breakthroughs in high-throughput sequencing and microscopic imaging technologies have revealed that chromatin structures vary considerably between cells of the same type. However, a thorough characterization of this heterogeneity remains elusive due to the labor-intensive and time-consuming nature of these experiments. To address these challenges, we introduce ChromoGen, a generative model based on state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques that efficiently predicts three-dimensional, single-cell chromatin conformations de novo with both region and cell type specificity. These generated conformations accurately reproduce experimental results at both the single-cell and population levels. Moreover, ChromoGen successfully transfers to cell types excluded from the training data using just DNA sequence and widely available DNase-seq data, thus providing access to chromatin structures in myriad cell types. These achievements come at a remarkably low computational cost. Therefore, ChromoGen enables the systematic investigation of single-cell chromatin organization, its heterogeneity, and its relationship to sequencing data, all while remaining economical.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Greg Schuette and Zhuohan Lao and Bin Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8265}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr8265}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ChromoGen: Diffusion model predicts single-cell chromatin conformations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SnRK2 kinases sense molecular crowding and form condensates to disrupt ABI1 inhibition. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr8250. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Plants sense and respond to hyperosmotic stress via quick activation of sucrose nonfermenting 1–related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2). Under unstressed conditions, the protein phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) in clade A interact with and inhibit SnRK2s in subgroup III, which are released from the PP2C inhibition via pyrabactin resistance 1–like (PYL) abscisic acid receptors. However, how SnRK2s are released under osmotic stress is unclear. Here, we outline how subgroup I SnRK2s sense molecular crowding to interrupt PP2C-mediated inhibition in plants. Severe hyperosmotic stress triggers condensate formation to activate the subgroup I SnRK2s, which requires their intrinsically disordered region. PP2Cs interact with and inhibit subgroup I SnRK2s, and this interaction is disrupted by phase separation of SnRK2s. The subgroup I SnRK2s are critical for severe osmotic stress responses. Our findings elucidate a mechanism for how macromolecular crowding is sensed in plants and demonstrate that physical separation of signaling molecules can segregate negative regulators to initiate signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xian-Ping Yuan and Yang Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8250}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr8250}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SnRK2 kinases sense molecular crowding and form condensates to disrupt ABI1 inhibition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Monoaminergic neurotransmitters are bimodal effectors of tau aggregation. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr8055. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurotransmitters (NTs) mediate trans-synaptic signaling, and disturbances in their levels are linked to aging and brain disorders. Here, we ascribe an additional function for NTs in mediating intracellular protein aggregation by interaction with cytosolic protein fibrils. Cell-based seeding experiments revealed monoaminergic NTs as inhibitors of tau. Seeding is a disease-relevant mechanism involving catalysis by fibrils, leading to the aggregation of proteins in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Chemotyping small molecules with varied backbone structures revealed determinants of aggregation inhibitors and catalysts. Among those identified were monoaminergic NTs. Dose titrations revealed bimodal effects indicative of fibril disaggregation, with aggregation catalysis occurring at low ratios of NTs and inhibited seeding ensuing at higher concentrations. Bimodal effects by NTs extend from in vitro systems to dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that pharmacotherapies that modify intracellular NT levels could shape the neuronal protein aggregation environment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xinmin Chang and Amanda M. Tse and Marina Fayzullina and Angela Albanese and Minchan Kim and Conner F. Wang and Zipeng Zheng and Ruchira V. Joshi and Christopher K. Williams and Shino D. Magaki and Harry V. Vinters and Jeremy O. Jones and Ian S. Haworth and Paul M. Seidler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8055}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr8055}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Monoaminergic neurotransmitters are bimodal effectors of tau aggregation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). VPS18 contributes to phagosome membrane integrity in mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected macrophages. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr6166. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved to be exquisitely adapted to survive within host macrophages. The capacity to damage the phagosomal membrane has emerged as central to Mtb virulence. While Mtb factors driving membrane damage have been described, host factors that maintain phagosomal integrity or repair Mtb-induced damage to contain the pathogen remain largely unknown. We used a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify host factors required to repair Mtb-damaged phagosomal membranes. Vacuolar protein sorting–associated protein 18 (VPS18), a member of the HOPS and CORVET trafficking complexes, was among the top hits. VPS18 colocalized with Mtb in macrophages beginning shortly after infection, and VPS18 -knockout macrophages demonstrated increased damage of Mtb-containing phagosomes without impaired autophagy. Mtb grew more robustly in VPS18 -knockout cells, and the first-line antituberculosis antibiotic pyrazinamide was less effective. Our results identify VPS18 as required for phagosomal membrane integrity in Mtb-infected cells and suggest that modulating phagosome integrity may hold promise for improving the efficacy of antibiotic treatment for TB.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Charul Jani and Neha Jain and Amanda K. Marsh and Pooja Uchil and Triet Doan and Meggie Hudspith and Owen T. Glover and Zach R. Baskir and Julie Boucau and David E. Root and Nicole N. van der Wel and John G. Doench and Amy K. Barczak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6166}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr6166}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {VPS18 contributes to phagosome membrane integrity in mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Generalizing multiple memories from a single drive: The hysteron latch. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr5933. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Far-from-equilibrium systems can form memories of previous deformations or driving. In systems from sheared glassy materials to buckling beams to crumpled sheets, this behavior is dominated by return-point memory, in which revisiting a past extremum of driving restores the system to a previous state. Cyclic driving with both positive and negative strains forms multiple nested memories, as in a single-dial combination lock, while asymmetric driving (only positive strain) cannot. We study this case in a general model of hysteresis that considers discrete elements called hysterons. We show how two hysterons with a frustrated interaction can violate return-point memory, realizing multiple memories of asymmetric driving. This reveals a general principle for designing systems that store sequences of cyclic driving, whether symmetric or asymmetric. In disordered systems, asymmetric driving is a sensitive tool for the direct measurement of frustration.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chloe W. Lindeman and Travis R. Jalowiec and Nathan C. Keim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5933}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr5933}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Generalizing multiple memories from a single drive: The hysteron latch}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Touch-evoked traveling waves establish a translaminar spacetime code. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr4038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Linking sensory-evoked traveling waves to underlying circuit patterns is critical to understanding the neural basis of sensory perception. To form this link, we performed simultaneous electrophysiology and two-photon calcium imaging through transparent NeuroGrids and mapped touch-evoked traveling waves and underlying microcircuit dynamics. In awake mice, both passive and active whisker touch elicited traveling waves within and across barrels, with a fast early component followed by a late wave that lasted hundreds of milliseconds poststimulus. Notably, late waves were modulated by perceived value and predicted behavioral choice in a two-whisker discrimination task. We found that the late wave feature was (i) modulated by motor feedback, (ii) differentially engaged a sparse ensemble reactivation pattern across layer 2/3, which a balanced-state network model reconciled via feedback-induced inhibitory stabilization, and (iii) aligned to regenerative layer 5 apical dendritic Ca 2+ events. Our results reveal that translaminar spacetime patterns organized by cortical feedback support sparse touch-evoked traveling waves.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel L. Gonzales and Hammad F. Khan and Hayagreev V. S. Keri and Saumitra Yadav and Christopher Steward and Lyle E. Muller and Scott R. Pluta and Krishna Jayant}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr4038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Touch-evoked traveling waves establish a translaminar spacetime code}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Century-long west antarctic snow accumulation changes induced by tropical teleconnections. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr2821. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend. A pronounced warming over the tropical Atlantic and a moderate cooling over the equatorial Pacific have driven an adjustment of moisture transport and thus snowfall pattern in West Antarctica. Our study reveals a centennial tropical-polar teleconnection, producing long-term trends with opposing changes across the regions. Remote forcing from the tropics increased the mass accumulation over Antarctica, balanced rapid iceshelf thinning in recent decades, contributing to global sea-level changes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kai Man and Jürg Luterbacher and David M. Holland and Naiming Yuan and Lei Geng and Yetang Wang and Yonggang Liu and Guitao Shi and Yurong Hou and Wenju Cai and Xichen Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2821}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr2821}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Century-long west antarctic snow accumulation changes induced by tropical teleconnections}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chemical passivation and grain-boundary manipulation via in situ cross-linking strategy for scalable flexible perovskite solar cells. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr2290. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) are considered the most promising candidates in portable power applications. However, high sensitivity of crystallization on the substrate and the intrinsic brittleness usually trade off the performance of f-PSCs. Herein, we introduced an initiator-free cross-linkable monomer (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoate (FTA), which can chemically passivate defects and enable real-time fine regulation of crystallization. The resulting perovskite film exhibited higher crystallinity, enlarged grain size, and reduced dependence on the substrate. In addition, the cross-linked FTA [CL(FTA)] distributed along the grain boundaries effectively released the residual stress and securely bound the grains together. Consequently, the CL(FTA)-modified flexible PSCs achieved a record-breaking efficiency of 24.64% (certified 24.08%). Moreover, the scalable potential has been verified by the corresponding rigid and flexible modules, delivering impressive efficiencies of 19.53 and 17.13%, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized device demonstrated bending durability and improved operational stability, thereby advancing the progress of f-PSCs toward industrialization.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weifu Zhang and Jian Liu and Wei Song and Jiahong Shan and Haowei Guan and Jun Zhou and Yuanyuan Meng and Xinyu Tong and Jintao Zhu and Mengjin Yang and Ziyi Ge}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2290}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr2290}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chemical passivation and grain-boundary manipulation via in situ cross-linking strategy for scalable flexible perovskite solar cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Room-temperature continuous-wave pumped exciton polariton condensation in a perovskite microcavity. SCIADV, 11(5), eadr1652. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microcavity exciton polaritons (polaritons) as part-light part-matter quasiparticles garner considerable attention for Bose-Einstein condensation at elevated temperatures. Recently, halide perovskites have emerged as promising room-temperature polaritonic platforms because of their large exciton binding energies and superior optical properties. However, currently, inducing room-temperature nonequilibrium polariton condensation in perovskite microcavities requires optical pulsed excitations with high excitation densities. Here, we demonstrate continuous-wave optically pumped polariton condensation with an exceptionally low threshold of ~0.53 W cm −2 and a narrow linewidth of ~0.5 meV. Polariton condensation is unambiguously demonstrated by characterizing the nonlinear behavior and coherence properties. We also unveil the trapping potential landscape strategy to facilitate polariton relaxation and accumulation. Our findings lay the foundation for the next-generation energy-efficient polaritonic devices operating at room temperature.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiepeng Song and Sanjib Ghosh and Xinyi Deng and Chun Li and Qiuyu Shang and Xinfeng Liu and Yubin Wang and Xiaoyue Gao and Wenkai Yang and Xianjin Wang and Qing Zhao and Kebin Shi and Peng Gao and Guichuan Xing and Qihua Xiong and Qing Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1652}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadr1652}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Room-temperature continuous-wave pumped exciton polariton condensation in a perovskite microcavity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dog skull shape challenges assumptions of performance specialization from selective breeding. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq9590. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Through selective breeding, humans have driven exceptional morphological diversity in domestic dogs, creating more than 200 recognized breeds developed for specialized functional tasks such as herding, protection, and hunting. Here, we use three-dimensional reconstructions of dog skulls to ask whether these function-oriented kennel-club groups reflect differences in morphology that correspond to those functions. We analyzed 117 canid skulls, representing 40 domestic dog breeds and 18 wild subspecies, using geometric morphometric techniques and k -means clustering. Results show near-full overlap in kennel-club groups and with natural species, except for companion dogs having extreme snout shape. When categorized by task-specific historic function (i.e., bite work and scent work), this morphology overlap remains. These results indicate that, despite producing extreme morphological diversity, humans have not produced breeds specialized for functional tasks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nicholas Hebdon and Alexa Ortega and Alexander Orlove and Nichole Wheeler and Mia Pham and Vivian Nguyen and Justin Gladman and Lindsay D. Waldrop}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9590}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq9590}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dog skull shape challenges assumptions of performance specialization from selective breeding}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massively parallel hong-ou-mandel interference based on independent soliton microcombs. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq8982. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is the foundation of quantum optics to test the degree of indistinguishability of two incoming photons, playing a key role in quantum communication, sensing, and photonic quantum computing. Realizing high-visibility HOM interference with massively parallel optical channels is challenging due to the lack of available natural optical references for aligning independent arrayed laser pairs. Here, we demonstrate 50 parallel comb-teeth pairs of continuous-wave weak coherent photons HOM interference using two independently frequency post-aligned soliton microcombs (SMCs), achieving an average fringe visibility over 46%. The frequencies of all comb-teeth pairs are long-term aligned by developing two sets of fully frequency-stabilized SMCs with independent reference and adjusting free spectral range beyond 100 kilohertz through perturbations in soliton state. The verification experiment proves the feasibility of constructing massively quantum information channels by co-opting classical wavelength division multiplexing optical communications, which paves the way for practical large-scale quantum communication systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Long Huang and Weiqiang Wang and Fangxiang Wang and Yang Wang and Changling Zou and LinHan Tang and Brent E. Little and Wei Zhao and Zhengfu Han and Jun Yang and Guochao Wang and Wei Chen and Wenfu Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8982}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq8982}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massively parallel hong-ou-mandel interference based on independent soliton microcombs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Parasitoid wasp venoms degrade drosophila imaginal discs for successful parasitism. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq8771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Parasitoid wasps, one of the most diverse and species-rich animal groups on Earth, produce venoms that manipulate host development and physiology to exploit resources. However, mechanisms of actions of these venoms remain poorly understood. Here, we discovered that the endoparasitoid wasp, Asobara japonica , induces apoptosis, autophagy, and mitotic arrest in the adult tissue precursors of its host Drosophila larvae. We termed this phenomenon imaginal disc degradation (IDD). A multi-omics approach facilitated identification of two venom proteins of A. japonica necessary for IDD, which is critical for parasitism success. Our study highlights a venom-mediated hijacking strategy of the parasitoid wasp that allows the host larvae to grow, but ultimately prevents their metamorphosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takumi Kamiyama and Yuko Shimada-Niwa and Hitoha Mori and Naoki Tani and Hitomi Takemata-Kawabata and Mitsuki Fujii and Akira Takasu and Minami Katayama and Takayoshi Kuwabara and Kazuki Seike and Noriko Matsuda-Imai and Toshiya Senda and Susumu Katsuma and Akira Nakamura and Ryusuke Niwa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq8771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Parasitoid wasp venoms degrade drosophila imaginal discs for successful parasitism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Climate change aggravates bird mortality in pristine tropical forests. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq8086. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stable understory microclimates within undisturbed rainforests are often considered refugia against climate change. However, this assumption contrasts with emerging evidence of Neotropical bird population declines in intact rainforests. We assessed the vulnerability of resident rainforest birds to climatic variability, focusing on dry season severity characterized by hotter temperatures and reduced rainfall. Analyzing 4264 individual bird captures over 27 years, we found that harsher Amazonian dry seasons significantly reduced apparent survival for 24 of 29 species, with longer-lived species being more strongly affected. Our model predicted that a 1°C increase in average dry season temperature would reduce the mean apparent survival of the understory bird community by 63%. These findings directly link climate change to declining bird survival in the Amazon, challenging the notion that pristine rainforests can fully protect their biodiversity under increasingly severe climate conditions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jared D. Wolfe and David A. Luther and Vitek Jirinec and Jeremy Collings and Erik I. Johnson and Robert O. Bierregaard Jr. and Philip C Stouffer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8086}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq8086}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Climate change aggravates bird mortality in pristine tropical forests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Anomalous superconductivity in twisted MoTe2 nanojunctions. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq5712. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Introducing superconductivity in topological materials can lead to innovative electronic phases and device functionalities. Here, we present a unique strategy for quantum engineering of superconducting junctions in moiré materials through direct, on-chip, and fully encapsulated 2D crystal growth. We achieve robust and designable superconductivity in Pd-metalized twisted bilayer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe 2 ) and observe anomalous superconducting effects in high-quality junctions across ~20 moiré cells. Unexpectedly, the junction develops enhanced, instead of weakened, superconducting behaviors, exhibiting fluctuations to a higher critical magnetic field compared to its adjacent Pd 7 MoTe 2 superconductor. In addition, the critical current further exhibits a notable V-shaped minimum at zero magnetic field. These features are unexpected in conventional Josephson junctions and absent in junctions of natural bilayer MoTe 2 created using the same approach. We discuss implications of these observations, including the possible formation of mixed even- and odd-parity superconductivity at the moiré junctions. Our results also demonstrate a pathway to engineer and investigate superconductivity in fractional Chern insulators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yanyu Jia and Tiancheng Song and Zhaoyi Joy Zheng and Guangming Cheng and Ayelet J. Uzan and Guo Yu and Yue Tang and Connor J. Pollak and Fang Yuan and Michael Onyszczak and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Shiming Lei and Nan Yao and Leslie M. Schoop and N. P. Ong and Sanfeng Wu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5712}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq5712}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Anomalous superconductivity in twisted MoTe2 nanojunctions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Vascularization of human islets by adaptable endothelium for durable and functional subcutaneous engraftment. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq5302. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tissue-specific endothelial cells (ECs) are critical for the homeostasis of pancreatic islets and most other tissues. In vitro recapitulation of islet biology and therapeutic islet transplantation both require adequate vascularization, which remains a challenge. Using human reprogrammed vascular ECs (R-VECs), human islets were functionally vascularized in vitro, demonstrating responsive, dynamic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and Ca 2+ influx. Subcutaneous transplantation of islets with R-VECs reversed hyperglycemia in diabetic mice, with high levels of human insulin detected within recipient serum and relapses of hyperglycemia following graft removal. Examination of retrieved grafts demonstrated that engrafted human islets were mainly vascularized by the cotransplanted R-VECs, which had anastomosed with the host microcirculation. Notably, single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that R-VECs, when cocultured with islets, acquired islet EC-specific characteristics. Together, R-VECs establish an adaptable vascular niche that supports islet homeostasis both in vitro and in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ge Li and Rebecca Craig-Schapiro and David Redmond and Kevin Chen and Yang Lin and Fuqiang Geng and Meng Gao and Sina Y. Rabbany and Gayathri Suresh and Bradley Pearson and Ryan Schreiner and Shahin Rafii}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5302}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq5302}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Vascularization of human islets by adaptable endothelium for durable and functional subcutaneous engraftment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Replication-incompetent VSV-based vaccine elicits protective responses against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq4545. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses lead to severe respiratory illnesses and death in humans, exacerbated in individuals with underlying health conditions, remaining substantial global public health concerns. Here, we developed a bivalent replication-incompetent single-cycle pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine that incorporates both a prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein lacking a furin cleavage site and a full-length influenza A virus neuraminidase protein. Vaccination of K18-hACE2 or C57BL/6J mouse models generated durable levels of neutralizing antibodies, T cell responses, and protection from morbidity and mortality upon challenge with either virus. Furthermore, the vaccine provided heterologous protection upon challenge with a different influenza virus strain, supporting the advantage of using NA to increase the breadth of vaccine protection. Now, no bivalent vaccine is approved for use against both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. Our study supports using this platform to develop safe and efficient vaccines against multiple viruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Richard A. Adeleke and Julie Sahler and Annette Choi and Kyle Roth and Viraj Upadhye and Shahrzad Ezzatpour and Brian Imbiakha and Solomiia Khomandiak and Annika Diaz and Gary R. Whittaker and Mason C. Jager and Avery August and David W. Buchholz and Hector C. Aguilar}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4545}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq4545}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Replication-incompetent VSV-based vaccine elicits protective responses against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). DNA methylation–based age prediction and sex-specific epigenetic aging in a lizard with female-biased longevity. SCIADV, 11(5), eadq3589. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sex differences in life span are widespread across animal taxa, but their causes remain unresolved. Alterations to the epigenome are hypothesized to contribute to vertebrate aging, and DNA methylation–based aging clocks allow for quantitative estimation of biological aging trajectories. Here, we investigate the influence of age, sex, and their interaction on genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in the brown anole ( Anolis sagrei ), a lizard with pronounced female-biased survival and longevity. We develop a series of age predictor models and find that, contrary to our predictions, rates of epigenetic aging were not slower in female lizards. However, methylation states at loci acquiring age-associated changes appear to be more “youthful” in young females, suggesting that female DNA methylomes are preemptively fortified in early life in opposition to the direction of age-related drift. Collectively, our findings provide insights into epigenetic aging in reptiles and suggest that early-life epigenetic profiles may be more informative than rates of change for predicting sex biases in longevity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ethan P. Shealy and Tonia S. Schwartz and Robert M. Cox and Aaron M. Reedy and Benjamin B. Parrott}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3589}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadq3589}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {DNA methylation–based age prediction and sex-specific epigenetic aging in a lizard with female-biased longevity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Temporal dynamics of the interstitial fluid proteome in human skeletal muscle following exhaustive exercise. SCIADV, 11(5), eadp8608. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The skeletal muscle interstitial space is the extracellular region around myofibers and mediates cross-talk between resident cell types. We applied a proteomic workflow to characterize the human skeletal muscle interstitial fluid proteome at rest and in response to exercise. Following exhaustive exercise, markers of skeletal muscle damage accumulate in the interstitial space followed by the appearance of immune cell–derived proteins. Among the proteins up-regulated after exercise, we identified cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) as a bioactive molecule regulating muscle fiber development. Treatment with the bioactive peptide derivative of CAMP (LL-37) resulted in the growth of larger C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes. Phosphoproteomics revealed that LL-37 activated pathways central to muscle growth and proliferation, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and mammalian target of rapamycin. Our findings provide a proof of concept that the interstitial fluid proteome is quantifiable via microdialysis sampling in vivo. These data highlight the importance of cellular communication in the adaptive response to exercise.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ben Stocks and Julia Prats Quesada and Anthony M. Mozzicato and Carolina Jacob and Simone Jensen and Kirstin A. MacGregor and Jens Bangsbo and Juleen R. Zierath and Morten Hostrup and Atul S. Deshmukh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8608}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadp8608}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Temporal dynamics of the interstitial fluid proteome in human skeletal muscle following exhaustive exercise}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dispersive heterodyne cavity ring-down spectroscopy exploiting eigenmode frequencies for high-fidelity measurements. SCIADV, 11(5), eadp8556. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Measuring low light absorption with combined uncertainty <1 per mil (‰) is crucial for many applications. Popular cavity ring-down spectroscopy can provide ultrahigh precision, below 0.01‰, but its accuracy is often worse than 5‰ due to inaccuracies in light intensity measurements. To eliminate this problem, we exploit optical frequency information carried by the ring-down cavity electromagnetic field. Instead of measuring only the decaying light intensity, we perform heterodyne detection of ring-downs followed by Fourier analysis to provide exact frequencies of optical cavity modes and a high-fidelity dispersive spectrum of a gas sample from them. We demonstrate the sub–per-mil accuracy of our method, confirmed by the best ab initio results for CO line intensity and for HD line shape, and the long-term repeatability of our dispersion measurements at 10 −4 level. We see potential for our approach in atmospheric remote sensing, isotope ratio metrology, thermometry, and establishment of primary gas standards.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Agata Cygan and Szymon Wójtewicz and Hubert Jóźwiak and Grzegorz Kowzan and Nikodem Stolarczyk and Katarzyna Bielska and Piotr Wcisło and Roman Ciuryło and Daniel Lisak}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8556}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadp8556}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dispersive heterodyne cavity ring-down spectroscopy exploiting eigenmode frequencies for high-fidelity measurements}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tracing the inner edge of the habitable zone with sulfur chemistry. SCIADV, 11(5), eadp8105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The circumstellar liquid-water habitable zone guides our search for potentially inhabited exoplanets but remains observationally untested. We show that the inner edge of the habitable zone can now be mapped among exoplanets using their lack of surface water, which, unlike the presence of water, can be unambiguously revealed by atmospheric sulfur species. Using coupled climate-chemistry modeling, we find that the observability of sulfur gases on exoplanets depends critically on the ultraviolet (UV) flux of their host star, a property with wide variation: Most M-dwarfs have a low UV flux and thereby allow the detection of sulfur gases as a tracer of dry planetary surfaces; however, the UV flux of Trappist-1 may be too high for sulfur to disambiguate uninhabitable from habitable surfaces on any of its planets. We generalize this result to show how a population-level search for sulfur chemistry on M-dwarf planets can be used to empirically define the habitable zone in the near future.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sean Jordan and Oliver Shorttle and Paul B. Rimmer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadp8105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tracing the inner edge of the habitable zone with sulfur chemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mechanisms of uropathogenic e. coli mucosal association in the gastrointestinal tract. SCIADV, 11(5), eadp7066. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly recurrent and frequently caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains that can be found in patient intestines. Seeding of the urinary tract from this intestinal reservoir likely contributes to UTI recurrence (rUTI) rates. Thus, understanding the factors that promote UPEC intestinal colonization is of critical importance to designing therapeutics to reduce rUTI incidence. Although E. coli is found in high abundance in large intestine mucus, little is known about how it is able to maintain residence in this continuously secreted hydrogel. We discovered that the FimH adhesin of type 1 pili (T1P) bound throughout the secreted mucus layers of the colon and to epithelial cells in mouse and human samples. Disruption of T1P led to reduced association with colon mucus. Notably, this mutant up-regulated flagellar production and infiltrated the protective inner mucus layer of the colon. This could explain how UPEC resists being washed off by the continuously secreted mucus layers of the colon.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philippe N. Azimzadeh and George M. Birchenough and Nathaniel C. Gualbuerto and Jerome S. Pinkner and Kevin O. Tamadonfar and Wandy Beatty and Thomas J. Hannan and Karen W. Dodson and Enid C. Ibarra and Seonyoung Kim and Henry L. Schreiber4th and James W. Janetka and Andrew L. Kau and Ashlee M. Earl and Mark J. Miller and Gunnar C. Hansson and Scott J. Hultgren}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7066}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadp7066}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mechanisms of uropathogenic e. coli mucosal association in the gastrointestinal tract}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A multi-analytical study of the montelirio beaded attires: Marine resources, sumptuary crafts, and female power in copper age iberia. SCIADV, 11(5), eadp1917. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Excellent indicators of technology, social organization, exchange patterns, and even beliefs, beads are a topic of research in their own right. Findings made between 2010 and 2011 at the Montelirio tholos burial, part of the Valencina Copper Age mega-site, in south-western Spain, revealed what amounts to the largest single-burial ever-documented assemblage of beads. Furthermore, the Montelirio beads were part of unparalleled beaded attires worn by some of the people buried in the grave, mostly females. A multi-analytical study undertaken over the past 5 years—including a meticulous quantification of the collection, the characterization of the raw materials, radiocarbon dating and chronometric statistical modeling, morphometric analysis, phytolith analysis, experimental work and contextual analysis—reveals several previously unidentified aspects of these remarkable creations. This includes the role of the attires as sumptuary attributes heavily loaded of symbolism, used by a selected group of women of high social significance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Leonardo García Sanjuán and Samuel Ramírez-Cruzado and Marta Díaz-Guardamino and José Antonio Lozano Rodríguez and Teodosio Donaire Romero and José Ángel Afonso Vargas and Carlos Rodríguez-Rellán and Verónica Balsera Nieto and Luis M. Cáceres Puro and David W. Wheatley and Timothy Earle and Marta Cintas-Peña and Juan Manuel Vargas Jiménez and Álvaro Fernández Flores and Miriam Luciañez Triviño and Juan Cárdenas-Párraga and María Martínez Merino and Fernando Muñiz Guinea}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp1917}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadp1917}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A multi-analytical study of the montelirio beaded attires: Marine resources, sumptuary crafts, and female power in copper age iberia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The pivotal role of IncFIB(Mar) plasmid in the emergence and spread of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae. SCIADV, 11(5), eado9097. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (hv-CRKP) poses a substantial challenge to the global health care. However, the mechanism behind its evolution and transmission remain elusive. Here, four virulence plasmid types were identified from 310 hv-CRKP isolates collected nationwide during 2017–2018, based on their aerobactin ( iuc locus) lineage and IncFIB replicons. Notably, pIUC1-IncFIB(K) 37 and pIUC1-IncFIB(Mar), representing two epidemic virulence plasmids in Asia and Europe, respectively, accounted for >90% of the hv-CRKP episodes. Analysis of 494 K. pneumoniae isolates (376 from 2010–2013; 118 from 2017–2018) and 2578 public K. pneumoniae genomes indicated the notable role of IncFIB(Mar) plasmids in the hv-CRKP emergence and spread. Conjugation assays showed the helper IncFIB(Mar) plasmid could efficiently transfer into a hypervirulent strain and uniquely retromobilize with pIUC1-IncFIB(K) 37 back into CRKP. Thereafter, the IncFIB(Mar) plasmid either lost rapidly or recombined with pIUC1-IncFIB(K) 37 , generating the hybrid pIUC1-IncFIB(Mar) plasmid. Our findings elucidated formation, evolution, and dissemination trajectories of the two major hv-CRKP strains in different regions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhewei Sun and Jianfeng Zhang and Chuning Wang and Jinhong Chen and Pei Li and Jiachun Su and Xiaogang Xu and Minggui Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9097}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eado9097}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The pivotal role of IncFIB(Mar) plasmid in the emergence and spread of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). One-dimensional nanosonosensitizer boosted multiple branches of immune responses against MHC-deficient immune-evasive urologic tumor. SCIADV, 11(5), eado7373. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cancer immunotherapies rely on CD8 + cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in recognition and eradication of tumor cells via antigens presented on major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. However, we observe MHC-I deficiency in human and murine urologic tumors, posing daunting challenges for successful immunotherapy. We herein report an unprecedented nanosonosensitizer of one-dimensional bamboo-like multisegmented manganese dioxide@manganese–bismuth vanadate (BMMBV) to boost multiple branches of immune responses targeting MHC-I–deficient tumors. BMMBV markedly augments sonodynamic activity contributed by manganese heteroatoms in the lattice of bismuth vanadate with narrowing bandgaps. Under sonoirradiation, BMMBV enhances tumor antigen spreading and emission of adjuvant signals, which potentiate dendritic cell maturation, thereby eliciting high aptitude of CTLs. This therapy substantially up-regulates MHC expression on tumor cells, which are reversely sensitive to CTLs. Alongside, extensive innate immune cells complement the cytolytic activity of CTLs for eliminating mouse urologic tumors. This study offers a reinforced strategy against antigen-loss immune-evasive tumor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Yang and Sichen Di and Zihuan Yang and Jianwei Cao and Qingqiao Fu and Hongze Ren and Hui Cheng and Yujie Xie and Wencong Jia and Xinyue Dai and Meihua Yu and Yu Chen and Xingang Cui}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7373}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eado7373}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {One-dimensional nanosonosensitizer boosted multiple branches of immune responses against MHC-deficient immune-evasive urologic tumor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale transcript variants dictate neoepitopes for cancer immunotherapy. SCIADV, 11(5), eado5600. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Precise neoepitope discovery is crucial for effective cancer therapeutic vaccines. Conventional approaches struggle to build a repertoire with sufficient immunogenic epitopes. We developed a workflow leveraging full-length ribosome–nascent chain complex–bound mRNA sequencing (FL-RNC seq) and artificial intelligence–based predictive models to accurately identify the neoepitope landscape, especially large-scale transcript variants (LSTVs) missed by short-read sequencing. In the MC38 mouse model, we identified 22 LSTV-derived neoepitopes encoded by a synthesized mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine. As a standalone therapy and combined with anti–PD-1 immunotherapy, the vaccine curbed tumor progression, induced robust T cell–specific immunity, and modulated the tumor microenvironment. This underscores the multifaceted potentials of LSTV-derived vaccines. Our approach expands the neoepitope source repertoire, offering a method for discovering personalized cancer vaccines applicable to a broader tumor range. The results highlight the importance of comprehensive neoepitope identification and the promise of LSTV-based vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shiliang Ji and Feifan Wang and Yongjie Wu and Haoran Hu and Zhen Xing and Jie Zhu and Shi Xu and Tiyun Han and Guilai Liu and Zengding Wu and Caiyi Fei and Lingming Kong and Jiangning Chen and Zhi Ding and Zhen Huang and Junfeng Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado5600}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eado5600}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale transcript variants dictate neoepitopes for cancer immunotherapy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Blind-label subwavelength ultrasound imaging. SCIADV, 11(5), eado2826. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {There is a long-existing trade-off between the imaging resolution and penetration depth in acoustic imaging caused by the diffraction limit. Most existing approaches addressing this trade-off require controlled “labels,” i.e., metamaterials or contrast agents, to be deposited close to the objects and to either remain static or be tracked precisely during imaging. We propose a “blind-label” approach for acoustic subwavelength imaging. The blind labels are randomly distributed acoustic scatterers with deep-subwavelength sizes whose exact locations and trajectories are not necessary information in image reconstruction. The proposed method achieves the resolution of 0.24 wavelengths in ultrasound imaging experiments and 0.2 wavelengths in simulations, providing over 10 times improvement compared to the diffraction limit. We also elucidate the influence of scatterer size and concentration on imaging performance. The proposed “blind-label” approach relaxes the restrictions of existing acoustic subwavelength imaging technologies relying on controlled labels, therefore substantially improving the practicality of acoustic subwavelength imaging in biomedical ultrasound imaging, sonar, and nondestructive testing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jinuan Lin and Chu Ma}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado2826}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eado2826}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Blind-label subwavelength ultrasound imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optogenetic calcium modulation in astrocytes enhances post-stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct. SCIADV, 11(5), eadn7577. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Stroke is caused by disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to neuronal death and dysfunction in the interconnected areas, which results in a wide range of severe symptoms depending on the specific brain regions affected. While previous studies have primarily focused on direct modulation of neuronal activity for post-stroke treatment, accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytes may play a critical role in post-stroke progression and could serve as a potential therapeutic target for recovery. In this study, we investigate the effects of selective modulation of astrocytic calcium signals on chronic stroke using OptoSTIM1, an optogenetic tool that activates endogenous calcium channels. In contrast to channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), OptoSTIM1 robustly elevates astrocytic calcium levels, sustaining the increase for over 10 min upon a single activation. The calcium elevation in astrocytes in the ipsilesional sensory-parietal cortex leads to remarkable recovery from post-stroke impairment. Thus, manipulating intracellular calcium levels in astrocytes holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for improving recovery following a stroke.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jongwook Cho and Sangkyu Lee and Yeon Hee Kook and Jiyoung Park and Won Do Heo and C. Justin Lee and Hyoung-Ihl Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn7577}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadn7577}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optogenetic calcium modulation in astrocytes enhances post-stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Zinc-finger PARP proteins ADP-ribosylate alphaviral proteins and are required for interferon-γ–mediated antiviral immunity. SCIADV, 11(5), eadm6812. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viral manipulation of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is critical to enable control over host defenses. Evidence suggests that one such PTM, adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP)–ribosylation, is important for viral replication, but the host and viral components involved are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that several human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins, including the zinc-finger domain containing PARP7 (TiPARP) and PARP12, directly ADP-ribosylate the alphaviral nonstructural proteins (nsPs), nsP3 and nsP4. These same human PARP proteins inhibit alphavirus replication in a manner that can be antagonized by the ADP-ribosylhydrolase activity of the virally encoded macrodomain. Last, we find that knockdown of any of the three CCCH zinc-finger domain containing PARPs, PARP7, PARP12, or the enzymatically inactive PARP13 (ZAP/ZC3HAV1), attenuates the antiviral effects of interferon-γ on alphavirus replication. Combined with evolutionary analyses, these data suggest that zinc-finger PARPs share an ancestral antiviral function that can be antagonized by the activity of viral macrodomains, indicative of an ongoing evolutionary conflict between host ADP-ribosylation and viruses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Andrew P. Ryan and Sofia E. Delgado-Rodriguez and Matthew D. Daugherty}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adm6812}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eadm6812}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Zinc-finger PARP proteins ADP-ribosylate alphaviral proteins and are required for interferon-γ–mediated antiviral immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Exploring the boundary of quantum correlations with a time-domain optical processor. SCIADV, 11(5), eabd8080. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Contextuality is a hallmark feature of the quantum theory that captures its incompatibility with any noncontextual hidden-variable model. The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)–type paradoxes are proofs of contextuality that reveal this incompatibility with deterministic logical arguments. However, the GHZ-type paradox whose events can be included in the fewest contexts and that brings the strongest nonclassicality remains elusive. Here, we derive a GHZ-type paradox with a context-cover number of 3 and show that this number saturates the lower bound posed by quantum theory. We demonstrate the paradox with a time-domain fiber optical platform and recover the quantum prediction in a 37-dimensional setup based on high-speed modulation, convolution, and homodyne detection of time-multiplexed pulsed coherent light. By proposing and studying a strong form of contextuality in high-dimensional Hilbert space, our results pave the way for the exploration of exotic quantum correlations with time-multiplexed optical systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zheng-Hao Liu and Yu Meng and Yu-Ze Wu and Ze-Yan Hao and Zhen-Peng Xu and Cheng-Jun Ai and Hai Wei and Kai Wen and Jing-Ling Chen and Jie Ma and Jin-Shi Xu and Chuan-Feng Li and Guang-Can Guo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abd8080}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eabd8080}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Exploring the boundary of quantum correlations with a time-domain optical processor}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A role for proprioceptors in sngception. SCIADV, 11(5), eabc5219. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Proprioceptors are primary mechanosensory neurons to monitor the status of muscle contraction and/or body position ( 1 ). Although proprioceptors are known as non-nociceptive mechanoreceptors, they also express the pro-nociceptive acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) ( 2 – 5 ). To probe the role for proprioceptors in sensing acidosis (or sngception) ( 6 ), we found that genetic deletion of Asic3 in proprioceptors but not in nociceptors abolished acid-induced chronic hyperalgesia in mice. Chemo-optogenetically activating proprioceptors resulted in hyperalgesic priming that favored chronic pain induced by acidosis. In humans, intramuscular acidification induced acid perception but not pain. Conversely, in a spinal cord–injured patient who lost pain sensation in the right leg, proprioception and sngception were remaining somatosensory functions, associated with the spinal dorsal column. Together, evidence from both mouse and human studies suggests a role for proprioceptors in sngception.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cheng-Han Lee and Jiann-Her Lin and Shing-Hong Lin and Chu-Ting Chang and Yu-Wei Wu and Guy Bewick and Robert W. Banks and Stefan Gründer and Ute Hochgeschwender and Chih-Cheng Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abc5219}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {eabc5219}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A role for proprioceptors in sngception}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global cellular proteo-lipidomic profiling of diverse lysosomal storage disease mutants using nMOST. SCIADV, 11(4), eadu5787. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) comprise ~50 monogenic disorders marked by the buildup of cellular material in lysosomes, yet systematic global molecular phenotyping of proteins and lipids is lacking. We present a nanoflow-based multiomic single-shot technology (nMOST) workflow that quantifies HeLa cell proteomes and lipidomes from over two dozen LSD mutants. Global cross-correlation analysis between lipids and proteins identified autophagy defects, notably the accumulation of ferritinophagy substrates and receptors, especially in NPC1 −/− and NPC2 −/− mutants, where lysosomes accumulate cholesterol. Autophagic and endocytic cargo delivery failures correlated with elevated lysophosphatidylcholine species and multilamellar structures visualized by cryo–electron tomography. Loss of mitochondrial cristae, MICOS complex components, and OXPHOS components rich in iron-sulfur cluster proteins in NPC2 −/− cells was largely alleviated when iron was provided through the transferrin system. This study reveals how lysosomal dysfunction affects mitochondrial homeostasis and underscores nMOST as a valuable discovery tool for identifying molecular phenotypes across LSDs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Felix Kraus and Yuchen He and Sharan Swarup and Katherine A. Overmyer and Yizhi Jiang and Johann Brenner and Cristina Capitanio and Anna Bieber and Annie Jen and Nicole M. Nightingale and Benton J. Anderson and Chan Lee and Joao A. Paulo and Ian R. Smith and Jürgen M. Plitzko and Steven P. Gygi and Brenda A. Schulman and Florian Wilfling and Joshua J. Coon and J. Wade Harper}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu5787}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadu5787}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global cellular proteo-lipidomic profiling of diverse lysosomal storage disease mutants using nMOST}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondria complex III–generated superoxide is essential for IL-10 secretion in macrophages. SCIADV, 11(4), eadu4369. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) function modulates macrophage biology; however, mechanisms underlying mitochondria ETC control of macrophage immune responses are not fully understood. Here, we report that mutant mice with mitochondria ETC complex III (CIII)–deficient macrophages exhibit increased susceptibility to influenza A virus (IAV) and LPS-induced endotoxic shock. Cultured bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from these mitochondria CIII–deficient mice released less IL-10 than controls following TLR3 or TLR4 stimulation. Unexpectedly, restoring mitochondrial respiration without generating superoxide using alternative oxidase (AOX) was not sufficient to reverse LPS-induced endotoxic shock susceptibility or restore IL-10 release. However, activation of protein kinase A (PKA) rescued IL-10 release in mitochondria CIII-deficient BMDMs following LPS stimulation. In addition, mitochondria CIII deficiency did not affect BMDM responses to interleukin-4 (IL-4) stimulation. Thus, our results highlight the essential role of mitochondria CIII–generated superoxide in the release of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in response to TLR stimulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joshua S. Stoolman and Rogan A. Grant and Leah K. Billingham and Taylor A. Poor and Samuel E. Weinberg and Madeline C. Harding and Ziyan Lu and Jason Miska and Marten Szibor and GR Scott Budinger and Navdeep S. Chandel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu4369}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadu4369}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondria complex III–generated superoxide is essential for IL-10 secretion in macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A bi-kinase module sensitizes and potentiates plant immune signaling. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt9804. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Systemic signaling is an essential hallmark of multicellular life. Pathogen encounter occurs locally but triggers organ-scale and organismic immune responses. In plants, elicitor perception provokes systemically expanding Ca 2+ and H 2 O 2 signals conferring immunity. Here, we identify a Ca 2+ sensing bi-kinase module as becoming super-activated through mutual phosphorylation and as imposing synergistically enhanced NADPH oxidase activation. A combined two-layer bi-kinase/substrate phospho-code allows for sensitized signaling initiation already by near-resting elevations of Ca 2+ concentration. Subsequently, it facilitates further signal wave proliferation with minimal Ca 2+ amplitude requirement, triggering protective defense responses throughout the plant. Our study reveals how plants build and perpetuate trans-cellular immune signal proliferation while avoiding disturbance of ongoing cellular signaling along the path of response dissemination.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Philipp Köster and Gefeng He and Changyun Liu and Qiuyan Dong and Katarina Hake and Ina Schmitz-Thom and Paulina Heinkow and Jürgen Eirich and Lukas Wallrad and Kenji Hashimoto and Stefanie Schültke and Iris Finkemeier and Tina Romeis and Jörg Kudla}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt9804}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt9804}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A bi-kinase module sensitizes and potentiates plant immune signaling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bioprinted optoelectronically active cardiac tissues. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt7210. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electrical stimulation of existing three-dimensional bioprinted tissues to alter tissue activities is typically associated with wired delivery, invasive electrode placement, and potential cell damage, minimizing its efficacy in cardiac modulation. Here, we report an optoelectronically active scaffold based on printed gelatin methacryloyl embedded with micro-solar cells, seeded with cardiomyocytes to form light-stimulable tissues. This enables untethered, noninvasive, and damage-free optoelectronic stimulation–induced modulation of cardiac beating behaviors without needing wires or genetic modifications to the tissue solely with light. Pulsed light stimulation of human cardiomyocytes showed that the optoelectronically active scaffold could increase their beating rates (>40%), maintain high cell viability under light stimulation (>96%), and negligibly affect the electrocardiogram morphology. The seeded scaffolds, termed optoelectronically active tissues, were able to successfully accelerate heart beating in vivo in rats. Our work demonstrates a viable wireless, printable, and optically controllable tissue, suggesting a transformative step in future therapy of electrically active tissues/organs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Faheem Ershad and Zhoulyu Rao and Sushila Maharajan and Fernanda C. Paccola Mesquita and Junkyu Ha and Lei Gonzalez and Tahir Haideri and Ernesto Curty da Costa and Angel Moctezuma-Ramirez and Yuqi Wang and Seonmin Jang and Yuntao Lu and Shubham Patel and Xiaoyang Wang and Yifan Tao and Joshua Weygant and Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares and Luis Carlos Orrantia Clark and Muhammad Zubair and Xiaojun Lance Lian and Abdelmotagaly Elgalad and Jian Yang and Camila Hochman-Mendez and Yu Shrike Zhang and Cunjiang Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7210}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt7210}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bioprinted optoelectronically active cardiac tissues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SPT5 regulates RNA polymerase II stability via cullin 3–ARMC5 recognition. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt5885. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The stability of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is tightly regulated during transcriptional elongation for proper control of gene expression. Our recent studies revealed that promoter-proximal Pol II is destabilized via the ubiquitin E3 ligase cullin 3 (CUL3) upon loss of transcription elongation factor SPT5. Here, we investigate how CUL3 recognizes chromatin-bound Pol II as a substrate. Using an unbiased proteomic screening approach, we identify armadillo repeat-containing 5 (ARMC5) as a CUL3 adaptor required for VCP/p97-dependent degradation of SPT5-depleted, chromatin-bound Pol II. Genome-wide analyses indicate that ARMC5 targets promoter-proximal Pol II in a BTB domain–dependent manner. Further biochemical analysis demonstrates that interaction between ARMC5 and Pol II requires the transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), supporting a phospho-dependent degradation model. We propose that defective, promoter-proximal Pol II that lacks SPT5 is rapidly eliminated from chromatin in a noncanonical early termination pathway that requires CDK9-dependent interaction with the CUL3-ARMC5 ubiquitin ligase complex.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuki Aoi and Leila Iravani and Isabella C. Mroczek and Sarah Gold and Benjamin C. Howard and Ali Shilatifard}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5885}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt5885}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SPT5 regulates RNA polymerase II stability via cullin 3–ARMC5 recognition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable polarization entangled photon-pair source in rhombohedral boron nitride. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt3710. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Entangled photon-pair sources are pivotal in various quantum applications. Miniaturizing the quantum devices to meet the requirement in limited space applications drives the search for ultracompact entangled photon-pair sources. The rise of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors has been demonstrated as ultracompact entangled photon-pair sources. However, the photon-pair generation rate and purity are relatively low, and the strong photoluminescence in 2D semiconductors also makes the operational wavelength range limited. Here, we use the spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) of rhombohedral boron nitride (rBN) as a polarization entangled photon-pair source. We have achieved a generation rate of more than 120 hertz (a record-high SPDC coincidence rate with 2D materials) and a high-purity photon-pair generation with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of above 200. Tunable Bell state generation is also demonstrated by simply rotating the pump polarization, with a fidelity up to 0.93. Our results suggest rBN as an ideal candidate for on-chip integrated quantum devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haidong Liang and Tian Gu and Yanchao Lou and Chengyuan Yang and Chaojie Ma and Jiajie Qi and Andrew A. Bettiol and Xilin Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3710}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt3710}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable polarization entangled photon-pair source in rhombohedral boron nitride}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Digital channel–enabled distributed force decoding via small datasets for hand-centric interactions. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt2641. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tactile interfaces are essential for enhancing human-machine interactions, yet achieving large-scale, precise distributed force sensing remains challenging due to signal coupling and inefficient data processing. Inspired by the spiral structure of Aloe polyphylla and the processing principles of neuronal systems, this study presents a digital channel–enabled distributed force decoding strategy, resulting in a phygital tactile sensing system named PhyTac. This innovative system effectively prevents marker overlap and accurately identifies multipoint stimuli up to 368 regions from coupled signals. By integrating physics into model training, we reduce the dataset size to just 45 kilobytes, surpassing conventional methods that typically exceed 1 gigabyte. Results demonstrate PhyTac’s impressive fidelity of 97.7% across a sensing range of 0.5 to 25 newtons, enabling diverse applications in medical evaluation, sports training, virtual reality, and robotics. This research not only enhances our understanding of hand-centric actions but also highlights the convergence of physical and digital realms, paving the way for advancements in AI-based sensor technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yifeng Tang and Gen Li and Tieshan Zhang and Hao Ren and Xiong Yang and Liu Yang and Dong Guo and Yajing Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2641}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt2641}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Digital channel–enabled distributed force decoding via small datasets for hand-centric interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Quantum-enhanced time-domain spectroscopy. SCIADV, 11(4), eadt2187. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The time-resolved detection of mid- to far-infrared electric fields absorbed and emitted by molecules is among the most sensitive spectroscopic approaches and has the potential to transform sensing in fields such as security screening, quality control, and medical diagnostics. However, the sensitivity of the standard detection approach, which relies on encoding the far-infrared electric field into amplitude modulation of a visible or near-infrared probe laser pulse, is limited by the shot noise of the latter. This constraint cannot be overcome without using a quantum resource. Here, we show that this constraint can be overcome using a two-mode squeezed state. Quantum-correlated ultrashort pulses, generated by parametric down-conversion, enhance the sensitivity of far-infrared detection beyond the classical limit, achieving a twofold reduction in measured noise. This advancement paves the way for further development of ultrafast quantum metrology, moving toward quantum-enhanced time-resolved electric field spectroscopy with sensitivities beyond the standard quantum limit.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dionysis Adamou and Lennart Hirsch and Taylor Shields and Seungjin Yoon and Adetunmise C. Dada and Jonathan M. R. Weaver and Daniele Faccio and Marco Peccianti and Lucia Caspani and Matteo Clerici}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt2187}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadt2187}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Quantum-enhanced time-domain spectroscopy}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Circularity in polydiketoenamine thermoplastics via control over reactive chain conformation. SCIADV, 11(4), eads8444. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Controlling the reactivity of bonds along polymer chains enables both functionalization and deconstruction with relevance to chemical recycling and circularity. Because the substrate is a macromolecule, however, understanding the effects of chain conformation on the reactivity of polymer bonds emerges as important yet underexplored. Here, we show how oxy-functionalization of chemically recyclable condensation polymers affects acidolysis to monomers through control over distortion and interaction energies in the rate-limiting transition states. Oxy-functionalization of polydiketoenamines at specific sites on either the amine or triketone monomer segments increased acidolysis rates by more than three orders of magnitude, opening the door to efficient deconstruction of linear chain architectures. These insights substantially broaden the scope of applications for polydiketoenamines in a circular manufacturing economy, including chemically recyclable adhesives for a diverse range of surfaces.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeremy Demarteau and Alexander R. Epstein and Laura J. Reed and Nicodemo R. Ciccia and John F. Hartwig and Kristin A. Persson and Brett A. Helms}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8444}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads8444}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Circularity in polydiketoenamine thermoplastics via control over reactive chain conformation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microenvironment actuated CAR t cells improve solid tumor efficacy without toxicity. SCIADV, 11(4), eads3403. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A major limiting factor in the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for the treatment of solid tumors is targeting tumor antigens also found on normal tissues. CAR T cells against GD2 induced rapid, fatal neurotoxicity because of CAR recognition of GD2 + normal mouse brain tissue. To improve the selectivity of the CAR T cell, we engineered a synthetic Notch receptor that selectively expresses the CAR upon binding to P-selectin, a cell adhesion protein overexpressed in tumor neovasculature. These tumor microenvironment actuated T (MEAT) cells ameliorated T cell infiltration in the brain, preventing fatal neurotoxicity while maintaining antitumor efficacy. We found that conditional CAR expression improved the persistence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes because of enhanced metabolic fitness of MEAT cells and the infusion of a less differentiated product. This approach increases the repertoire of targetable solid tumor antigens by restricting CAR expression and subsequent killing to cancer cells only and provides a proof-of-concept model for other targets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kristen C. Vogt and Pedro C. Silberman and Qianqian Lin and James E. Han and Amy Laflin and Hendryck A. Gellineau and Daniel A. Heller and David A. Scheinberg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3403}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads3403}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microenvironment actuated CAR t cells improve solid tumor efficacy without toxicity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low oxygen but dynamic marine redox conditions permitted the cambrian radiation. SCIADV, 11(4), eads2846. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Whether metazoan diversification during the Cambrian Radiation was driven by increased marine oxygenation remains highly debated. Repeated global oceanic oxygenation events have been inferred during this interval, but the degree of shallow marine oxygenation and its relationship to biodiversification and clade appearance remain uncertain. To resolve this, we interrogate an interval from ~527 to 519 Ma, encompassing multiple proposed global oceanic oxygenation events. We integrate the spatial and temporal distribution of shallow water, in situ reef metazoans, and trilobites, with high-resolution multi-proxy redox data through the highly biodiverse Siberian Platform. We document primarily dysoxic water column conditions, suggesting that early Cambrian metazoans, including motile skeletal benthos, had low oxygen demands. We further document oxygenation events coincident with positive carbon isotope excursions that led to modestly elevated oxygen levels. These events correspond to regional increases in species richness and habitat expansion of mainly endemic species, offering a potentially globally applicable model for biodiversification during the Cambrian Radiation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ruaridh D. Alexander and Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev and Fred T. Bowyer and Laetitia Pichevin and Simon W. Poulton and Artem Kouchinsky and Rachel Wood}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2846}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads2846}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low oxygen but dynamic marine redox conditions permitted the cambrian radiation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cryo-EM structure and regulation of human NAD kinase. SCIADV, 11(4), eads2664. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a crucial reducing cofactor for reductive biosynthesis and protection from oxidative stress. To fulfill their heightened anabolic and reductive power demands, cancer cells must boost their NADPH production. Progrowth and mitogenic protein kinases promote the activity of cytosolic NAD kinase (NADK), which produces NADP + , a limiting NADPH precursor. However, the molecular architecture and mechanistic regulation of human NADK remain undescribed. Here, we report the cryo–electron microscopy structure of human NADK, both in its apo-form and in complex with its substrate NAD + (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), revealing a tetrameric organization with distinct structural features. We discover that the amino (N)- and carboxyl (C)-terminal tails of NADK have opposing effects on its enzymatic activity and cellular NADP(H) levels. Specifically, the C-terminal region is critical for NADK activity, whereas the N-terminal region exhibits an inhibitory role. This study highlights molecular insights into the regulation of a vital enzyme governing NADP(H) production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Prakash P. Praharaj and Yang Li and Charline Mary and Mona H. Soflaee and Kevin Ryu and Dohun Kim and Diem H. Tran and Trishna Dey and Harrison J. Tom and Halie Rion and Muriel Gelin and Andrew Lemoff and Lauren G. Zacharias and João S. Patricio and Thomas P. Mathews and Zhe Chen and Corinne Lionne and Gerta Hoxhaj and Gilles Labesse}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2664}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads2664}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cryo-EM structure and regulation of human NAD kinase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of tigilanol tiglate analogs as latency-reversing agents for the eradication of HIV. SCIADV, 11(4), eads1911. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tigilanol tiglate (EBC-46) is a selective modulator of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the treatment of mast cell tumors in canines with up to an 88% cure rate. Recently, it has been FDA approved for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas in humans. The role of EBC-46 and, especially, its analogs in efforts to eradicate HIV, treat neurological and cardiovascular disorders, or enhance antigen density in antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor–T cell and chimeric antigen receptor–natural killer cell immunotherapies has not been reported. Enabled by our previously reported scalable synthesis of EBC-46, we report herein the systematic design, synthesis, and evaluation of EBC-46 analogs, including those inaccessible from the natural source and their PKC affinities, ability to translocate PKC, nuclear factor κB activity, and efficacy in reversing HIV latency in Jurkat-Latency cells. Leading analogs show exceptional PKC affinities, isoform selectivities, and functional activities, serving as promising candidates for therapeutic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zachary O. Gentry and Owen D. McAteer and Jennifer L. Hamad and Jose A. Moran and Jocelyn T. Kim and Matthew D. Marsden and Jerome A. Zack and Paul A. Wender}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1911}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads1911}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of tigilanol tiglate analogs as latency-reversing agents for the eradication of HIV}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metal-organic cages improving microporosity in polymeric membrane for superior CO2 capture. SCIADV, 11(4), eads0583. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mixed matrix membranes, with well-designed pore structure inside the polymeric matrix via the incorporation of inorganic components, offer a promising solution for addressing CO 2 emissions. Here, we synthesized a series of novel metal organic cages (MOCs) with aperture pore size precisely positioned between CO 2 and N 2 or CH 4 . These MOCs were uniformly dispersed in the polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). Among them, the MOC-Ph cage effectively modulated chain packing and optimized the microporous structure of the membrane. Remarkably, the PIM-Ph-5% membrane shows superior performance, achieving an excellent CO 2 permeability of 8803.4 barrer and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of 59.9, far exceeding the 2019 upper bound. This approach opens opportunities for improving the porous structure of polymeric membranes for CO 2 capture and other separation applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jian Guan and Jingcheng Du and Qian Sun and Wen He and Ji Ma and Shabi UI Hassan and Ji Wu and Hongjun Zhang and Sui Zhang and Jiangtao Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0583}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eads0583}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metal-organic cages improving microporosity in polymeric membrane for superior CO2 capture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Salt-welding strategy for the design of repairable impact-resistant and wear-resistant hydrogels. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr9834. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Self-healing hydrogels can autonomously repair damage, enhancing their performance stability and broadening their applications as soft devices. Although the incorporation of dynamic interactions enhances self-healing capabilities, it simultaneously weakens the hydrogels’ strength. External stimuli such as heating, while accelerating the healing process, may also lead to dehydration. Developing a stable repair strategy that combines rapid healing and high mechanical strength is challenging. Here, we introduce “salt-welding” for high-strength hydrogels with rapid room temperature self-healing. This is achieved through dynamic borate ester bonds in a salt-responsive poly(methacrylamide) hydrogel. The process involves “salt-fusion” to convert fractures into a viscous liquid for swift healing, followed by “salt-concretion” to toughen the hydrogel. The hydrogels achieve a posthealing strength of 23 megapascals in 95 minutes at room temperature, with near 100% healing efficiency. Leveraging their tunable mechanical strength and rapid healing rate, the hydrogel can be tailored for applications as a reparable wear-resistant material and damping device.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiangpeng Jia and Shan Lu and Shurui Sun and Yijie Jin and Liguo Qin and Chuanzhuang Zhao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9834}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr9834}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Salt-welding strategy for the design of repairable impact-resistant and wear-resistant hydrogels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). De novo design of peptide binders to conformationally diverse targets with contrastive language modeling. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr8638. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Designing binders to target undruggable proteins presents a formidable challenge in drug discovery. In this work, we provide an algorithmic framework to design short, target-binding linear peptides, requiring only the amino acid sequence of the target protein. To do this, we propose a process to generate naturalistic peptide candidates through Gaussian perturbation of the peptidic latent space of the ESM-2 protein language model and subsequently screen these novel sequences for target-selective interaction activity via a contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP)–based contrastive learning architecture. By integrating these generative and discriminative steps, we create a Peptide Prioritization via CLIP (PepPrCLIP) pipeline and validate highly ranked, target-specific peptides experimentally, both as inhibitory peptides and as fusions to E3 ubiquitin ligase domains. PepPrCLIP-derived constructs demonstrate functionally potent binding and degradation of conformationally diverse, disease-driving targets in vitro. In total, PepPrCLIP empowers the modulation of previously inaccessible proteins without reliance on stable and ordered tertiary structures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suhaas Bhat and Kalyan Palepu and Lauren Hong and Joey Mao and Tianzheng Ye and Rema Iyer and Lin Zhao and Tianlai Chen and Sophia Vincoff and Rio Watson and Tian Z. Wang and Divya Srijay and Venkata Srikar Kavirayuni and Kseniia Kholina and Shrey Goel and Pranay Vure and Aniruddha J. Deshpande and Scott H. Soderling and Matthew P. DeLisa and Pranam Chatterjee}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8638}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr8638}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {De novo design of peptide binders to conformationally diverse targets with contrastive language modeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nanophotonic inspection of deep-subwavelength integrated optoelectronic chips. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr8427. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Artificial nanostructures with ultrafine and deep-subwavelength features have emerged as a paradigm-shifting platform to advanced light-field management, becoming key building blocks for high-performance integrated optoelectronics and flat optics. However, direct optical inspection of integrated chips remains a missing metrology gap that hinders quick feedback between design and fabrications. Here, we demonstrate that photothermal nonlinear scattering microscopy can be used for direct imaging and resolving of integrated optoelectronic chips beyond the diffraction limit. We reveal that the inherent coupling among deep-subwavelength nanostructures supporting leaky resonances allows for the pronounced heating effect to access reversible nonlinear modulations of the confocal reflection intensity, yielding optical resolving power down to 80 nm (~λ/7). The versatility of this approach has been exemplified by imaging silicon grating couplers and metalens with minimum critical dimensions of 100 nm, as well as central processing unit chip with 45-nm technology, unfolding the long-sought possibility of in situ, nondestructive, high-throughput optical inspection of integrated optoelectronic and nanophotonic chips.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ying Che and Tianyue Zhang and Xiaowei Liu and Dejiao Hu and Shichao Song and Yan Cai and Yaoyu Cao and Jie Zhang and Shi-Wei Chu and Xiangping Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8427}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr8427}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nanophotonic inspection of deep-subwavelength integrated optoelectronic chips}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Microplastics in the bloodstream can induce cerebral thrombosis by causing cell obstruction and lead to neurobehavioral abnormalities. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr8243. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human health is being threatened by environmental microplastic (MP) pollution. MPs were detected in the bloodstream and multiple tissues of humans, disrupting the regular physiological processes of organs. Nanoscale plastics can breach the blood-brain barrier, leading to neurotoxic effects. How MPs cause brain functional irregularities remains unclear. This work uses high-depth imaging techniques to investigate the MPs within the brain in vivo. We show that circulating MPs are phagocytosed and lead these cells to obstruction in the capillaries of the brain cortex. These blockages as thrombus formation cause reduced blood flow and neurological abnormalities in mice. Our data reveal a mechanism by which MPs disrupt tissue function indirectly through regulation of cell obstruction and interference with local blood circulation, rather than direct tissue penetration. This revelation offers a lens through which to comprehend the toxicological implications of MPs that invade the bloodstream.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haipeng Huang and Jiaqi Hou and Mingxiao Li and Fangchao Wei and Yilie Liao and Beidou Xi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8243}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr8243}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Microplastics in the bloodstream can induce cerebral thrombosis by causing cell obstruction and lead to neurobehavioral abnormalities}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Natural hydrogen in the volcanic-bearing sedimentary basin: Origin, conversion, and production rates. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr6771. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The origins of natural hydrogen in natural gas systems of sedimentary basins and the capacity of these systems to store hydrogen remain inadequately understood, posing crucial questions for the large-scale exploration of natural hydrogen. This study reports on the natural gas composition, stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic values, and helium isotopic values of gas samples collected from the Qingshen gas deposit within volcanic rocks of the Songliao Basin. Natural hydrogen primarily originates from water radiolysis, water-rock interactions (WRI), and mantle. The Qingshen gas deposit contains 95.23 × 10 9 cubic meters of abiotic CH 4 , of which 15.24 × 10 9 cubic meters was generated through hydrogen conversion via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, with the maximum original hydrogen reserves calculated to be approximately 61.9 × 10 9 cubic meters. We estimated that the study area has generated a maximum total of 572 × 10 9 cubic meters of radiolytic hydrogen, 248 × 10 9 cubic meters of WRI hydrogen, and 127 × 10 9 cubic meters of mantle-derived hydrogen.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Quanyou Liu and Yongbo Wei and Pengpeng Li and Xiaowei Huang and Qingqiang Meng and Xiaoqi Wu and Dongya Zhu and Huiyuan Xu and Yin Fu and Di Zhu and Wang Zhang and Zhijun Jin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6771}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr6771}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Natural hydrogen in the volcanic-bearing sedimentary basin: Origin, conversion, and production rates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electronic structure of superconducting infinite-layer lanthanum nickelates. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr5116. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Revealing the momentum-resolved electronic structure of infinite-layer nickelates is essential for understanding this class of unconventional superconductors but has been hindered by the formidable challenges in improving the sample quality. In this work, we report the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of superconducting La 0.8 Sr 0.2 NiO 2 films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and in situ atomic-hydrogen reduction. The measured Fermi topology closely matches theoretical calculations, showing a large Ni d x 2 − y 2 –derived Fermi sheet that evolves from hole-like to electron-like along k z and a three-dimensional (3D) electron pocket centered at the Brillouin zone corner. The Ni d x 2 − y 2 –derived bands show a mass enhancement ( m */ m DFT ) of 2 to 3, while the 3D electron band shows negligible band renormalization. Moreover, the Ni d x 2 − y 2 –derived states also display a band dispersion anomaly at higher binding energy, reminiscent of the waterfall feature and kinks observed in cuprates.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenjie Sun and Zhicheng Jiang and Chengliang Xia and Bo Hao and Shengjun Yan and Maosen Wang and Yueying Li and Hongquan Liu and Jianyang Ding and Jiayu Liu and Zhengtai Liu and Jishan Liu and Hanghui Chen and Dawei Shen and Yuefeng Nie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5116}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr5116}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electronic structure of superconducting infinite-layer lanthanum nickelates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deployable electronics with enhanced fatigue resistance for crumpling and tension. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr3654. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Highly packable and deployable electronics offer a variety of advantages in electronics and robotics by facilitating spatial efficiency. These electronics must endure extreme folding during packaging and tension to maintain a rigid structure in the deployment state. Here, we present foldable and robustly deployable electronics inspired by Plantago, characterized by their tolerance to folding and tension due to integration of tough veins within thin leaf. The primary design approach for these electronics involves a high resistance to folding and tension, achieved through a thin multilayered electronic composite, which manages the neutral axis and incorporates tough Kevlar. The fabricated electronics can be folded up to 750,000 times without malfunctions and endure pulling an object 6667 times heavier than itself without stretching. Such robust electronics can be used as a deployable robot with sensor arrays, demonstrating practical applicability, as it maintains their mechanical and electrical properties during inflation from the packaged state.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Insic Hong and Yeonwook Roh and Junggwang Cho and Seunggon Lee and Minji Kang and Damin Choi and Dohyeon Gong and Hyeongi An and Daseul Lim and Dongwook Shin and Jieun Park and Changhwan Kim and Taewi Kim and Minho Kim and Sunghoon Im and Jingoo Lee and Gunhee Lee and Uikyum Kim and Seung Hwan Ko and Je-Sung Koh and Daeshik Kang and Seungyong Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3654}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr3654}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deployable electronics with enhanced fatigue resistance for crumpling and tension}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Diverse and highly differentiated lava suite in jezero crater, mars: Constraints on intracrustal magmatism revealed by mars 2020 PIXL. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr2613. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Jezero crater floor features a suite of related, iron-rich lavas that were examined and sampled by the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance, and whose textures, minerals, and compositions were characterized by the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL). This suite, known as the Máaz formation (fm), includes dark-toned basaltic/trachy-basaltic rocks with intergrown pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and altered olivine and overlying trachy-andesitic lava with reversely zoned plagioclase phenocrysts in a K-rich groundmass. Feldspar thermal disequilibrium textures indicate that they were carried from their crustal staging area. Bulk and mafic minerals have very high FeO and low MgO to FeO total ratios, which are partially reproduced by thermodynamic models involving high-degree fractional crystallization of a gabbroic assemblage and possibly also assimilation of iron-rich basement. Together, these in situ constraints on petrogenesis provide a uniquely detailed record of intracrustal processes beneath Jezero crater during a time period not represented by Mars samples to date.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mariek E. Schmidt and Tanya V. Kizovski and Yang Liu and Juan D. Hernandez-Montenegro and Michael M. Tice and Allan H. Treiman and Joel A. Hurowitz and David A. Klevang and Abigail L. Knight and Joshua Labrie and Nicholas J. Tosca and Scott J. VanBommel and Sophie Benaroya and Larry S. Crumpler and Briony H. N. Horgan and Richard V. Morris and Justin I. Simon and Arya Udry and Anastasia Yanchilina and Abigail C. Allwood and Morgan L. Cable and John R. Christian and Benton C. Clark and David T. Flannery and Christopher M. Heirwegh and Thomas L. J. Henley and Jesper Henneke and Michael W. M. Jones and Brendan J. Orenstein and Christopher D. K. Herd and Nicholas Randazzo and David Shuster and Meenakshi Wadhwa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2613}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr2613}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Diverse and highly differentiated lava suite in jezero crater, mars: Constraints on intracrustal magmatism revealed by mars 2020 PIXL}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rock strength controls erosion in tectonically dead landscapes. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr2610. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Interactions among tectonics, climate, and lithology shape the Earth’s surface. In regions dominated by tectonic quiescence and climate stability, the role of rock strength related to lithology, and its role in landscape evolution, can be most clearly perceived. We leverage these qualities in a unique field site by integrating topographic data, erosion rates, and a large suite of rock strength measurements to quantify the relationship between bedrock strength and erosion rates along a 200-km section of the southeast coast of Brazil where climatic and tectonic variability are minimal. Our findings reveal a 20-fold erosion rate variation best explained by differences in rock strength. We also demonstrate that incorporating lithological strength variability into the analysis of landscape incision substantially improves accuracy, with outcomes that better reproduce natural settings. Our results underscore the crucial role of rock strength in landscape evolution and emphasize the need for field studies to account for lithological variability and thus accurately interpret landscape dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mauricio B. Haag and Lindsay M. Schoenbohm and Joshua Wolpert and Scott Jess and Paul Bierman and Lee Corbett and Carlos A. Sommer and Gabriel Endrizzi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2610}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr2610}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rock strength controls erosion in tectonically dead landscapes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The oxygen level in air directs airway epithelial cell differentiation by controlling mitochondrial citrate export. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr2282. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Oxygen controls most metazoan metabolism, yet in mammals, tissue O 2 levels vary widely. While extensive research has explored cellular responses to hypoxia, understanding how cells respond to physiologically high O 2 levels remains uncertain. To address this problem, we investigated respiratory epithelia as their contact with air exposes them to some of the highest O 2 levels in the body. We asked how the O 2 level in air controls differentiation of airway basal stem cells into the ciliated epithelial cells essential for clearing airborne pathogens from the lung. Through a metabolomics screen and 13 C tracing on primary cultures of human airway basal cells, we found that the O 2 level in air directs ciliated cell differentiation by increasing mitochondrial citrate export. Unexpectedly, disrupting mitochondrial citrate export elicited hypoxia transcriptional responses independently of HIF1α stabilization and at O 2 levels that would be hyperoxic for most tissues. These findings identify mitochondrial citrate export as a cellular mechanism for responding to physiologically high O 2 levels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Ram Kim and Adam J. Rauckhorst and Michael S. Chimenti and Tayyab Rehman and Henry L. Keen and Philip H. Karp and Eric B. Taylor and Michael J. Welsh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2282}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr2282}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The oxygen level in air directs airway epithelial cell differentiation by controlling mitochondrial citrate export}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Nontarget screening of a siberian ice core reveals changes in the pre-industrial to industrial organic aerosol composition. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr1923. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Glaciers serve as natural archives for reconstructing past changes of atmospheric aerosol concentration and composition. While most ice-core studies have focused on inorganic species, organic compounds, which can constitute up to 90% of the submicrometer aerosol mass, have been largely overlooked. To our knowledge, this study presents the first nontarget screening record of secondary organic aerosol species preserved in a Belukha ice core (Siberia, Russian Federation), ranging from the pre-industrial to the industrial period (1800–1980 CE). We identified a total of 398 molecules, primarily polar and low-volatile compounds. Since the 1950s, the atmospheric aerosol composition has changed, with the appearance of organic molecules, including nitrogen-containing compounds, deriving from enhanced atmospheric reactions with anthropogenic NO x , or direct emissions. In addition, there was a significant increase in the oxygen-to-carbon ratio (+3%) and the average carbon oxidation state (+18%) of the detected molecules compared to the pre-industrial period, suggesting an increased oxidative capacity of the atmosphere.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {François Burgay and Daniil Salionov and Thomas Singer and Anja Eichler and Sabina Brütsch and Theo M. Jenk and Alexander L. Vogel and Tatyana Papina and Saša Bjelić and Margit Schwikowski}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1923}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr1923}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Nontarget screening of a siberian ice core reveals changes in the pre-industrial to industrial organic aerosol composition}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Advancing efficiency in deep-blue OLEDs: Exploring a machine learning–driven multiresonance TADF molecular design. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr1326. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The pursuit of boron-based organic compounds with multiresonance (MR)–induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is propelled by their potential as narrowband blue emitters for wide-gamut displays. Although boron-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in MR compounds share common structural features, their molecular design traditionally involves iterative approaches with repeated attempts until success. To address this, we implemented machine learning algorithms to establish quantitative structure-property relationship models, predicting key optoelectronic characteristics, such as full width at half maximum (FWHM) and main peak wavelength, for deep-blue MR candidates. Using these methodologies, we crafted ν-DABNA-O-xy and developed deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes featuring a Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage y of 0.07 and an FWHM of 19 nm. The maximum external quantum efficiency reached ca. 27.5% with a binary emission layer, which increased to 41.3% with the hyperfluorescent architecture, effectively mitigating efficiency roll-off. These findings are expected to guide the systematic design of MR-type TADF clusters, unlocking their full potential.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyung Suk Kim and Hyung Jin Cheon and Sang Hoon Lee and Junho Kim and Seunghyup Yoo and Yun-Hi Kim and Chihaya Adachi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1326}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr1326}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Advancing efficiency in deep-blue OLEDs: Exploring a machine learning–driven multiresonance TADF molecular design}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prefrontal 5α-reductase 2 mediates male-specific acute stress response. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr0563. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A key response to acute stress is the increased brain synthesis of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP). Although the rate-limiting step of this reaction is catalyzed by 5α-reductase (5αR), the role of its two primary isoenzymes, 5αR1 and 5αR2, in stress reactivity remains unclear. Here, we found that acute stress led to increased levels of 5αR2, but not 5αR1, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male, but not female, rats. Down-regulation of 5αR2 in the mPFC significantly reduced stress response in males, and similar sexual dimorphic effects were observed in a novel line of 5αR2 knockout rats. Notably, 5αR1 regulated baseline AP synthesis, whereas 5αR2 enabled AP production under stress. Acute AP administration restored stress response in 5αR2 knockdown rats. Single-nucleus transcriptomics showed that 5αR2 enabled stress-induced protein translation in neurons and glia. These results highlight the crucial role of 5αR2 in mediating sex-specific differences in acute stress reactivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Roberto Cadeddu and Giulia Braccagni and Gabriele Floris and Caterina Branca and Eleonora Corridori and Sara Salviati and Pilar Sánchez and Luca Spiro Santovito and Jesus M. Torres and Esperanza Ortega and Graziano Pinna and Philip J. Moos and Simona Scheggi and Marco Bortolato}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0563}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr0563}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prefrontal 5α-reductase 2 mediates male-specific acute stress response}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plant diversity across dimensions: Coupling biodiversity measures from the ground and the sky. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr0278. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tracking biodiversity across biomes over space and time has emerged as an imperative in unified global efforts to manage our living planet for a sustainable future for humanity. We harness the National Ecological Observatory Network to develop routines using airborne spectroscopic imagery to predict multiple dimensions of plant biodiversity at continental scale across biomes in the US. Our findings show strong and positive associations between diversity metrics based on spectral species and ground-based plant species richness and other dimensions of plant diversity, whereas metrics based on distance matrices did not. We found that spectral diversity consistently predicts analogous metrics of plant taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic dimensions of biodiversity across biomes. The approach demonstrates promise for monitoring dimensions of biodiversity globally by integrating ground-based measures of biodiversity with imaging spectroscopy and advances capacity toward a Global Biodiversity Observing System.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jesús N. Pinto-Ledezma and Anna K. Schweiger and J. Antonio Guzmán Q. and Jeannine Cavender-Bares}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0278}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr0278}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plant diversity across dimensions: Coupling biodiversity measures from the ground and the sky}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Massively parallel barcode sequencing revealed the interchangeability of capsule transporters in streptococcus pneumoniae. SCIADV, 11(4), eadr0162. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multidrug/oligosaccharidyl-lipid/polysaccharide (MOP) family transporters are essential in glycan synthesis, flipping lipid-linked precursors across cell membranes. Yet, how they select their substrates remains enigmatic. Here, we investigate the substrate specificity of the MOP transporters in the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) synthesis pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae . These capsule flippases collectively transport more than 100 types of capsule precursors. To determine whether they can substitute for one another, we developed a high-throughput approach to systematically examine nearly 6000 combinations of flippases and substrates. CPS flippases fall into three groups: relaxed, type-specific, and strictly specific. Cargo size and CPS acetylation affect transport, and we isolated additional gain-of-function flippase variants that can substitute for the peptidoglycan flippase YtgP (MurJ). We also showed that combining flippase variants in a single cassette allows various CPS precursors to be flipped, which may aid glycoengineering. This study reveals that MOP flippases exhibit broad specificity, shaping the evolution of glycan synthesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wan-Zhen Chua and Rachel Lyn Ee Wong and Ye-Yu Chun and Nicole Ng Chyi Shien and Tong Su and Matthias Maiwald and Kean Lee Chew and Raymond Tzer-Pin Lin and Alyson M. Hockenberry and Min Luo and Lok-To Sham}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0162}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadr0162}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Massively parallel barcode sequencing revealed the interchangeability of capsule transporters in streptococcus pneumoniae}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamic molecular architecture of the synaptonemal complex. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq9374. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {During meiosis, pairing between homologous chromosomes is stabilized by the assembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC). The SC ensures the formation of crossovers between homologous chromosomes and regulates their distribution. However, how the SC regulates crossover formation remains elusive. We isolated an unusual mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans that disrupts crossover interference but not SC assembly. This mutation alters the unique C terminal domain of an essential SC protein, SYP-4, a likely ortholog of the vertebrate SC protein SIX6OS1. We use three-dimensional stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (3D-STORM) to interrogate the molecular architecture of the SC from wild-type and mutant C. elegans animals. Using a probabilistic mapping approach to analyze super-resolution image data, we detect changes in the organization of the synaptonemal complex in wild-type animals that coincide with crossover designation. We also found that our syp-4 mutant perturbs SC architecture. Our findings add to growing evidence that the SC is an active material whose molecular organization contributes to chromosome-wide crossover regulation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Simone Köhler and Michal Wojcik and Ke Xu and Abby F. Dernburg}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9374}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq9374}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamic molecular architecture of the synaptonemal complex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation regulates monocytic type i interferon signaling via histone acetylation. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq9301. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Although lipid-derived acetyl–coenzyme A (CoA) is a major carbon source for histone acetylation, the contribution of fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) to this process remains poorly characterized. To investigate this, we generated mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1, distal FAO enzyme) knockout macrophages. 13 C-carbon tracing confirmed reduced FA-derived carbon incorporation into histone H3, and RNA sequencing identified diminished interferon-stimulated gene expression in the absence of ACAT1. Chromatin accessibility at the Stat1 locus was diminished in ACAT1 −/− cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated reduced acetyl-H3 binding to Stat1 promoter/enhancer regions, and increasing histone acetylation rescued Stat1 expression. Interferon-β release was blunted in ACAT1 −/− and recovered by ACAT1 reconstitution. Furthermore, ACAT1-dependent histone acetylation required an intact acetylcarnitine shuttle. Last, obese subjects’ monocytes exhibited increased ACAT1 and histone acetylation levels. Thus, our study identifies an intriguing link between FAO-mediated epigenetic control of type I interferon signaling and uncovers a potential mechanistic nexus between obesity and type I interferon signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Wu and Komudi Singh and Vivian Shing and Anand Gupta and Brett C. Arenberg and Rebecca D. Huffstutler and Duck-Yeon Lee and Michael N. Sack}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9301}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq9301}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation regulates monocytic type i interferon signaling via histone acetylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). ZDHHC2 promoted antimycobacterial responses by selective autophagic degradation of B-RAF and C-RAF in macrophages. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq7706. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {S-Palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational modification involving saturated fatty acid palmitate-to-cysteine linkage in the protein, which guides many aspects of macrophage physiology in health and disease. However, the precise role and underlying mechanisms of palmitoylation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages remain elusive. Here, we found that M. tuberculosis infection induced the expression of zinc-finger DHHC domain–type palmitoyl-transferases (ZDHHCs), particularly ZDHHC2, in mouse macrophages. Furthermore, ZDHHC2 deficiency in mouse macrophages impaired the immunity against M. tuberculosis and reduced the production of various proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistic studies revealed the involvement of ZDHHC2 in mediating the palmitoylation of B-RAF and C-RAF, affecting their autophagic degradation and stabilizing protein levels. The increased abundance of B-RAF and C-RAF subsequently increases the activity of the extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, affecting the survival of M. tuberculosis within macrophages. These findings suggest that ZDHHC2 is a potential target for treating tuberculosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junli Sheng and Xiaolong You and Dingnai Nie and Yuling Fu and Qiao Ling and Xiaodan Yang and Yitian Chen and Li Ma and Shengfeng Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7706}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq7706}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {ZDHHC2 promoted antimycobacterial responses by selective autophagic degradation of B-RAF and C-RAF in macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq7307. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) limits the immune response and promotes resolution of acute inflammation. Because of its immunosuppressive effects, IL-10 up-regulation is a common feature of tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, IL-10 regulation has been shown to depend on mitochondria and redox-sensitive signals. We have found that Suppressor of site III Qo Electron Leak 1.2 (S3QEL 1.2), a specific inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from mitochondrial complex III, and myxothiazol, a complex III inhibitor, decrease IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–activated macrophages. IL-10 down-regulation is likely to be mediated by suppression of c-Fos, which is a subunit of activator protein 1 (AP1), a transcription factor required for IL-10 gene expression. S3QEL 1.2 impairs IL-10 production in vivo after LPS challenge and promotes the survival of mice bearing B16F10 melanoma by lowering tumor growth. Our data identify a link between complex III–dependent ROS generation and IL-10 production in macrophages, the targeting of which could have potential in boosting antitumor immunity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alessia Zotta and Juliana Toller-Kawahisa and Eva M. Palsson-McDermott and Shane M. O’Carroll and Órlaith C. Henry and Emily A. Day and Anne F. McGettrick and Ross W. Ward and Dylan G. Ryan and Mark A. Watson and Martin D. Brand and Marah C. Runtsch and Kathrin Maitz and Anna Lueger and Julia Kargl and Jan L. Miljkovic and Ed C. Lavelle and Luke A. J. O’Neill}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7307}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq7307}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Elucidating assembly and function of VirB8 cell wall subunits refines the DNA translocation model in gram-positive T4SSs. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq5975. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) are widespread nanomachines specialized in the transport across the cell envelope of various types of molecules including mobile genetic elements during conjugation. Despite their prevalence in Gram-positive bacteria, including relevant pathogens, their assembly and functioning remain unknown. This study addresses these gaps by investigating VirB8 proteins, known to be central components of conjugative T4SSs in Gram-positive bacteria. However, the functional packing and precise role of VirB8 in T4SSs biology remain undefined. Our findings elucidate the nature of VirB8 proteins as cell wall components, where they multimerize and exhibit a conserved assembly pattern, distinct from VirB8 in Gram-negative bacteria. We also demonstrate that VirB8 proteins interact with other T4SS subunits and DNA, indicating their pivotal role in the building of the DNA translocation channel across the cell wall. We lastly propose a distinct architecture for conjugative T4SSs in Gram-positive bacteria compared to their Gram-negative counterparts, possibly attributed to the differences in the cell wall structure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Robine Maffo-Woulefack and Abbas Mohamad Ali and Haifa Laroussi and Julien Cappèle and Felipe Romero-Saavedra and Nancy Ramia and Emilie Robert and Sandrine Mathiot and Nicolas Soler and Yvonne Roussel and Rémi Fronzes and Johannes Huebner and Claude Didierjean and Frédérique Favier and Nathalie Leblond-Bourget and Badreddine Douzi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5975}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq5975}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Elucidating assembly and function of VirB8 cell wall subunits refines the DNA translocation model in gram-positive T4SSs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The x chromosome’s influences on the human brain. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq5360. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Genes on the X chromosome are extensively expressed in the human brain. However, little is known for the X chromosome’s impact on the brain anatomy, microstructure, and functional networks. We examined 1045 complex brain imaging traits from 38,529 participants in the UK Biobank. We unveiled potential autosome–X chromosome interactions while proposing an atlas outlining dosage compensation for brain imaging traits. Through extensive association studies, we identified 72 genome-wide significant trait-locus pairs (including 29 new associations) that share genetic architectures with brain-related disorders, notably schizophrenia. Furthermore, we found unique sex-specific associations and assessed variations in genetic effects between sexes. Our research offers critical insights into the X chromosome’s role in the human brain, underscoring its contribution to the differences observed in brain structure and functionality between sexes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiwen Jiang and Patrick F. Sullivan and Tengfei Li and Bingxin Zhao and Xifeng Wang and Tianyou Luo and Shuai Huang and Peter Y. Guan and Jie Chen and Yue Yang and Jason L. Stein and Yun Li and Dajiang Liu and Lei Sun and Hongtu Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5360}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq5360}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The x chromosome’s influences on the human brain}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Stress responsiveness in a wild primate predicts survival across an extreme el niño drought. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq5020. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We know more about the costs of chronic stress than the benefits of the acute stress response—an adaptive response that buffers organisms from life-threatening challenges. As yet, no primate study has empirically identified how the stress response adaptively affects evolutionary fitness. Here, we take advantage of a natural experiment—an El Niño drought—that produced unprecedented mortality for wild white-faced capuchins. Using a reaction norm approach, we provide evidence from primates that a more robust stress response to a challenge, measured using fecal glucocorticoids, predicts a greater likelihood of survival. We show that individuals with greater stress responsiveness to previous droughts later had higher survival across a severe El Niño drought. Evolutionary models need empirical data on how stress responsivity varies in adaptive ways. While we cannot buffer subjects from catastrophic events, we can use them to understand which aspects of the stress response help animals to “weather the storm.”}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sofia C. Carrera and Irene Godoy and Colleen M. Gault and Ashley Mensing and Juliane Damm and Susan E. Perry and Jacinta C. Beehner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5020}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq5020}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Stress responsiveness in a wild primate predicts survival across an extreme el niño drought}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). An ancient apical patterning system sets the position of the forebrain in chordates. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq4731. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The evolutionary origin of the vertebrate brain remains a major subject of debate, as its development from a dorsal tubular neuroepithelium is unique to chordates. To shed light on the evolutionary emergence of the vertebrate brain, we compared anterior neuroectoderm development across deuterostome species, using available single-cell datasets from sea urchin, amphioxus, and zebrafish embryos. We identified a conserved gene co-expression module, comparable to the anterior gene regulatory network (aGRN) controlling apical organ development in ambulacrarians, and spatially mapped it by multiplexed in situ hybridization to the developing retina and hypothalamus of chordates. Using functional approaches, we show Wnt signaling regulating this co-expression module in amphioxus, like the aGRN in echinoderms, and that its overactivation suppresses forebrain identity. This suggests a previously undescribed role for Wnt signaling in amphioxus in determining the position of the forebrain. We propose this Wnt-regulated gene co-expression module as a possible mechanism by which the brain set antero-dorsally early in chordate evolution.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giacomo Gattoni and Daniel Keitley and Ashley Sawle and Elia Benito-Gutiérrez}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4731}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq4731}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {An ancient apical patterning system sets the position of the forebrain in chordates}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rescue-like behavior in a bystander mouse toward anesthetized conspecifics promotes arousal via a tongue-brain connection. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq3874. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prosocial behaviors are advantageous to social species, but the neural mechanism(s) through which others receive benefit remain unknown. Here, we found that bystander mice display rescue-like behavior (tongue dragging) toward anesthetized cagemates and found that this tongue dragging promotes arousal from anesthesia through a direct tongue-brain circuit. We found that a direct circuit from the tongue → glutamatergic neurons in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN Glu ) → noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC NE ) drives rapid arousal in the anesthetized mice that receive the rescue-like behavior from bystanders. Artificial inhibition of this circuit abolishes the rapid arousal effect induced by the rescue-like behavior. Further, we revealed that glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT Glu ) that project to the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) mediate the rescue-like behavior. These findings reveal a tongue-brain connection underlying the rapid arousal effects induced by rescue-like behavior and the circuit basis governing this specific form of prosocial behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peng Cao and Ying Liu and Ziyun Ni and Mingjun Zhang and Hong-Rui Wei and An Liu and Jin-Rong Guo and Yumeng Yang and Zheng Xu and Yuyu Guo and Zhi Zhang and Wenjuan Tao and Likui Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3874}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq3874}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rescue-like behavior in a bystander mouse toward anesthetized conspecifics promotes arousal via a tongue-brain connection}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noncanonical role of golgi-associated macrophage TAZ in chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq2395. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Until now, Hippo pathway–mediated nucleocytoplasmic translocation has been considered the primary mechanism by which yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) transcriptional coactivators regulate cell proliferation and differentiation via transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD)-mediated target gene expression. In this study, however, we found that TAZ, but not YAP, is associated with the Golgi apparatus in macrophages activated via Toll-like receptor ligands during the resolution phase of inflammation. Golgi-associated TAZ enhanced vesicle trafficking and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in M1 macrophage independent of the Hippo pathway. Depletion of TAZ in tumor-associated macrophages promoted tumor growth by suppressing the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Moreover, in a diet-induced metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis model, macrophage-specific deletion of TAZ ameliorated liver inflammation and hepatic fibrosis. Thus, targeted therapies being developed against YAP/TAZ-TEAD are ineffective in macrophages. Together, our results introduce Golgi-associated TAZ as a potential molecular target for therapeutic intervention to treat tumor progression and chronic inflammatory diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {So Yeon Park and Sungeun Ju and Jaehoon Lee and Hwa-Ryeon Kim and Yujin Sub and Dong Jin Park and Seyeon Park and Doru Kwon and Hyeok Gu Kang and Ji Eun Shin and Dong Hyeon Kim and Ji Eun Paik and Seok Chan Cho and Hyeran Shim and Young-Joon Kim and Kun-Liang Guan and Kyung-Hee Chun and Junjeong Choi and Sang-Jun Ha and Heon Yung Gee and Jae-Seok Roe and Han-Woong Lee and Seung-Yeol Park and Hyun Woo Park}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2395}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq2395}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noncanonical role of golgi-associated macrophage TAZ in chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Improved daily PM2.5 estimates in india reveal inequalities in recent enhancement of air quality. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq1071. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Poor ambient air quality poses a substantial global health threat. However, accurate measurement remains challenging, particularly in countries such as India where ground monitors are scarce despite high expected exposure and health burdens. This lack of precise measurements impedes understanding of changes in pollution exposure over time and across populations. Here, we develop open-source daily fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) datasets at a 10-kilometer resolution for India from 2005 to 2023 using a two-stage machine learning model validated on held-out monitor data. Analyzing long-term air quality trends, we find that PM 2.5 concentrations increased across most of the country until around 2016 and then declined partly due to favorable meteorology in southern India. Recent reductions in PM 2.5 were substantially larger in wealthier areas, highlighting the urgency of air quality control policies addressing all socioeconomic communities. To advance equitable air quality monitoring, we propose additional monitor locations in India and examine the adaptability of our method to other countries with scarce monitoring data.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ayako Kawano and Makoto Kelp and Minghao Qiu and Kirat Singh and Eeshan Chaturvedi and Sunil Dahiya and Inés Azevedo and Marshall Burke}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1071}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq1071}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Improved daily PM2.5 estimates in india reveal inequalities in recent enhancement of air quality}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rupture phases reveal geometry-related rupture propagation in a natural earthquake. SCIADV, 11(4), eadq0154. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding and deciphering wiggles from seismograms has been a long endeavor to understand the internal structure of the Earth and to explore earthquake source properties. Here, we make an attempt to decipher the continuous rupture phases as large near-fault velocity pulses along the East Anatolian Fault in the 2023 moment magnitude ( M w ) 7.8 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, earthquake. Through data analysis and dynamic rupture simulations, we robustly identify the transient supershear rupture on a segment with flat fault trace and rupture deceleration at fault bends. Our study highlights the complexity and superior application of near-fault data for understanding earthquake dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suli Yao and Hongfeng Yang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0154}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadq0154}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rupture phases reveal geometry-related rupture propagation in a natural earthquake}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ecological interactions amplify cumulative effects in marine ecosystems. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp9315. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Biodiversity encompasses not only species diversity but also the complex interactions that drive ecological dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Still, these critical interactions remain overwhelmingly overlooked in environmental management. In this study, we introduce an ecosystem-based approach that assesses the cumulative effects of climate change and human activities on species in the St. Lawrence marine ecosystem, eastern Canada, by explicitly accounting for the effects arising from species interactions within a multiple stressors framework. Our findings reveal previously unrecognized threats to exploited and endangered fishes and marine mammals, exposing noteworthy gaps in existing management and recovery strategies. By integrating the less obvious yet no less substantial effects arising from species interactions into cumulative effects assessments, our approach provides a robust tool to guide more comprehensive and effective management and conservation efforts for marine species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {David Beauchesne and Kevin Cazelles and Rémi M. Daigle and Dominique Gravel and Philippe Archambault}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9315}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp9315}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ecological interactions amplify cumulative effects in marine ecosystems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Defects vibrations engineering for enhancing interfacial thermal transport in polymer composites. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp6516. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To push upper boundaries of thermal conductivity in polymer composites, understanding of thermal transport mechanisms is crucial. Despite extensive simulations, systematic experimental investigation on thermal transport in polymer composites is limited. To better understand thermal transport processes, we design polymer composites with perfect fillers (graphite) and defective fillers (graphite oxide), using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a matrix model. Measured thermal conductivities of ~1.38 ± 0.22 W m −1 K −1 in PVA/defective filler composites is higher than those of ~0.86 ± 0.21 W m −1 K −1 in PVA/perfect filler composites, while measured thermal conductivities in defective fillers are lower than those of perfect fillers. We identify how thermal transport occurs across heterogeneous interfaces. Thermal transport measurements, neutron scattering, quantum mechanical modeling, and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that vibrational coupling between PVA and defective fillers at PVA/filler interfaces enhances thermal conductivity, suggesting that defects in polymer composites improve thermal transport by promoting this vibrational coupling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yijie Zhou and Robert Ciarla and Artittaya Boonkird and Saqlain Raza and Thanh Nguyen and Jiawei Zhou and Naresh C. Osti and Eugene Mamontov and Zhang Jiang and Xiaobing Zuo and Jeewan Ranasinghe and Weiguo Hu and Brendan Scott and Jihua Chen and Dale K. Hensley and Shengxi Huang and Jun Liu and Mingda Li and Yanfei Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp6516}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp6516}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Defects vibrations engineering for enhancing interfacial thermal transport in polymer composites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional traits mediate the effect of land use on drivers of community stability within and across trophic levels. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp6445. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding how land use affects temporal stability is crucial to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Yet, the mechanistic links between land-use intensity and stability-driving mechanisms remain unclear, with functional traits likely playing a key role. Using 13 years of data from 300 sites in Germany, we tested whether and how trait-based community features mediate the effect of land-use intensity on acknowledged stability drivers (compensatory dynamics, portfolio effect, and dominant species variability), within and across plant and arthropod communities. Trait-based plant features, especially the prevalence of acquisitive strategies along the leaf-economics spectrum, were the main land-use intensity mediators within and across taxonomic and trophic levels, consistently influencing dominant species variability. Functional diversity also mediated land-use intensity effects but played a lesser role. Our analysis discloses trait-based community features as key mediators of land-use effects on stability drivers, emphasizing the need to consider multi-trophic functional interactions to better understand complex ecosystem dynamics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Marta Gaia Sperandii and Manuele Bazzichetto and Lars Götzenberger and Marco Moretti and Rafael Achury and Nico Blüthgen and Markus Fischer and Norbert Hölzel and Valentin H. Klaus and Till Kleinebecker and Felix Neff and Daniel Prati and Ralph Bolliger and Sebastian Seibold and Nadja K. Simons and Michael Staab and Wolfgang W. Weisser and Francesco de Bello and Martin M. Gossner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp6445}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp6445}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional traits mediate the effect of land use on drivers of community stability within and across trophic levels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional classification of tauopathy strains reveals the role of protofilament core residues. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp5978. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Distinct tau amyloid assemblies underlie diverse tauopathies but defy rapid classification. Cell and animal experiments indicate tau functions as a prion, as different strains propagated in cells cause unique, transmissible neuropathology after inoculation. Strain amplification requires compatibility of the monomer and amyloid template. We used cryo–electron microscopy to study one cell-based yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)–tagged strain, resolving its amyloid nature. We then used sequential alanine (Ala) substitution (scan) within tau repeat domain (RD) to measure incorporation to preexisting tau RD-YFP aggregates. This robustly discriminated strains, defining sequences critical for monomer incorporation. We then created 3R/4R or 4R wild-type RD (amino acids 246 to 408) biosensors. Ala scan of recombinant tau seeds with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) fold matched that of AD homogenate. We scanned 22 brain lysates comprising four tauopathies. This clustered cases by neuropathological syndrome, revealed the role of amino acids in protofilament folds, and allowed strain discrimination based on amino acid requirements for prion replication.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jaime Vaquer-Alicea and Victor A. Manon and Vaibhav Bommareddy and Peter Kunach and Ankit Gupta and Jim Monistrol and Valerie A. Perez and Hung Tri Tran and Nil Saez-Calveras and Siling Du and Sushobhna Batra and Daniel Stoddard and Charles L. White, III and Lukasz A. Joachimiak and Sarah H. Shahmoradian and Marc I. Diamond}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5978}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp5978}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional classification of tauopathy strains reveals the role of protofilament core residues}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). WWC proteins–mediated compensatory mechanism restricts schwannomatosis driven by NF2 loss of function. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp4765. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {NF2-related schwannomatosis, previously known as neurofibromatosis type 2, is a genetic disorder characterized by nerve tumors due to NF2 gene mutations. Mice with Nf2 deletion develop schwannomas slowly with low penetrance, hence inconvenient for preclinical studies. Here, we show that NF2, by recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP1/2, promotes WWC1-3 ubiquitination and degradation. In NF2 mutated cells, WWC1-3 accumulation is a compensatory mechanism to prevent YAP/TAZ hyperactivation and rapid tumorigenesis. Accordingly, we generate a synthetic mouse model with complete penetrance and short latency by concurrently deleting Nf2 and Wwc1/2 in Schwann cells. This model closely resembles NF2-related schwannomatosis in patients, as confirmed by histological and single-cell transcriptome analysis. Moreover, a cell line from mouse schwannomas and a syngeneic tumor model in immune-competent mice are established. Furthermore, a screen using established models has identified candidate drugs that effectively suppress schwannoma progression. Hence, this work has developed rapid and transplantable models that will facilitate both basic and translational research on NF2-related schwannomatosis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xueying Wang and Rui Zhu and Pengcheng Yu and Sixian Qi and Zhenxing Zhong and Ruxin Jin and Yu Wang and Yuan Gu and Dan Ye and Kang Chen and Yilai Shu and Yi Wang and Fa-Xing Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4765}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp4765}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {WWC proteins–mediated compensatory mechanism restricts schwannomatosis driven by NF2 loss of function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Creating coveted bioluminescence colors for simultaneous multi-color bioimaging. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp4750. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bioluminescence, an optical marker that does not require excitation by light, allows researchers to simultaneously observe multiple targets, each exhibiting a different color. Notably, the colors of the bioluminescent proteins must sufficiently vary to enable simultaneous detection. Here, we aimed to introduce a method that can be used to expand the color variation by tuning dual-acceptor bioluminescence resonance energy transfer. Using this approach, we could visualize multiple targets with up to 20 colors through single-shot acquisition using a color complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera. Overall, this method enables simple and simultaneous observation of multiple biological targets and phenomena.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mitsuru Hattori and Tetsuichi Wazawa and Mariko Orioka and Yuki Hiruta and Takeharu Nagai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4750}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp4750}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Creating coveted bioluminescence colors for simultaneous multi-color bioimaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Visual activity enhances neuronal excitability in thalamic relay neurons. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp4627. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Amblyopia, a highly prevalent loss of visual acuity, is classically thought to result from cortical plasticity. The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) has long been held to act as a passive relay for visual information, but recent findings suggest a largely underestimated functional plasticity in the dLGN. However, the cellular mechanisms supporting this plasticity have not yet been explored. We show here that monocular deprivation (MD), an experimental model of amblyopia, reduces the intrinsic excitability of dLGN cells. Furthermore, dLGN neurons exhibit long-term potentiation of their intrinsic excitability (LTP-IE) when suprathreshold afferent retinal inputs are stimulated at 40 hertz or when spikes are induced with current injection. LTP-IE is observed after eye opening, requires calcium influx, is expressed through the down-regulation of Kv1 channels, and is altered following MD. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence for intrinsic plasticity in dLGN neurons induced by natural stimuli.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maël Duménieu and Laure Fronzaroli-Molinieres and Loïs Naudin and Cécile Iborra-Bonnaure and Anushka Wakade and Emilie Zanin and Aurore Aziz and Norbert Ankri and Salvatore Incontro and Danièle Denis and Béatrice Marquèze-Pouey and Romain Brette and Dominique Debanne and Michaël Russier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4627}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp4627}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Visual activity enhances neuronal excitability in thalamic relay neurons}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mature chromatin packing domains persist after RAD21 depletion in 3D. SCIADV, 11(4), eadp0855. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Understanding chromatin organization requires integrating measurements of genome connectivity and physical structure. It is well established that cohesin is essential for TAD and loop connectivity features in Hi-C, but the corresponding change in physical structure has not been studied using electron microscopy. Pairing chromatin scanning transmission electron tomography with multiomic analysis and single-molecule localization microscopy, we study the role of cohesin in regulating the conformationally defined chromatin nanoscopic packing domains. Our results indicate that packing domains are not physical manifestation of TADs. Using electron microscopy, we found that only 20% of packing domains are lost upon RAD21 depletion. The effect of RAD21 depletion is restricted to small, poorly packed (nascent) packing domains. In addition, we present evidence that cohesin-mediated loop extrusion generates nascent domains that undergo maturation through nucleosome posttranslational modifications. Our results demonstrate that a 3D genomic structure, composed of packing domains, is generated through cohesin activity and nucleosome modifications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wing Shun Li and Lucas M. Carter and Luay Matthew Almassalha and Ruyi Gong and Emily M. Pujadas-Liwag and Tiffany Kuo and Kyle L. MacQuarrie and Marcelo Carignano and Cody Dunton and Vinayak Dravid and Masato T. Kanemaki and Igal Szleifer and Vadim Backman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp0855}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadp0855}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mature chromatin packing domains persist after RAD21 depletion in 3D}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Association of poultry vaccination with interspecies transmission and molecular evolution of h5 subtype avian influenza virus. SCIADV, 11(4), eado9140. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The effectiveness of poultry vaccination in preventing the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been debated, and its impact on wild birds remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the movements of H5 subtype AIV lineages among vaccinated poultry, unvaccinated poultry, and wild birds, worldwide, from 1996 to 2023. We find that there is a time lag in viral transmission among different host populations and that movements from wild birds to unvaccinated poultry were more frequent than those from wild birds to vaccinated poultry. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the HA (hemagglutinin) gene of the AIV lineage that circulated predominately in Chinese poultry experienced greater nonsynonymous divergence and adaptive fixation than other lineages. Our results indicate that the epidemiological, ecological, and evolutionary consequences of widespread AIV vaccination in poultry may be linked in complex ways and that much work is needed to better understand how such interventions may affect AIV transmission to, within, and from wild birds.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bingying Li and Jayna Raghwani and Sarah C. Hill and Sarah François and Noémie Lefrancq and Yilin Liang and Zengmiao Wang and Lu Dong and Phillipe Lemey and Oliver G. Pybus and Huaiyu Tian}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9140}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eado9140}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Association of poultry vaccination with interspecies transmission and molecular evolution of h5 subtype avian influenza virus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Miniaturized spectral sensing with a tunable optoelectronic interface. SCIADV, 11(4), eado6886. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reconstructive optoelectronic spectroscopy has generated substantial interest in the miniaturization of traditional spectroscopic tools, such as spectrometers. However, most state-of-the-art demonstrations face fundamental limits of rank deficiency in the photoresponse matrix. In this work, we demonstrate a miniaturized spectral sensing system using an electrically tunable compact optoelectronic interface, which generates distinguishable photoresponses from various input spectra, enabling accurate spectral identification with a device footprint of 5 micrometers by 5 micrometers. We report narrow-band spectral sensing with peak accuracies of ∼0.19 nanometers in free space and ∼2.45 nanometers on-chip. In addition, we implement broadband complex spectral sensing for material identification, applicable to organic dyes, metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics. This work advances high-performance, miniaturized optical spectroscopy for both free-space and on-chip applications, offering cost-effective solutions, broad applicability, and scalable manufacturing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiaoqi Cui and Fedor Nigmatulin and Lei Wang and Igor Reduto and Andreas C. Liapis and Mingde Du and Md Gius Uddin and Shafi Abde Mayeen and Faisal Ahmed and Yi Zhang and Hoon Hahn Yoon and Harri Lipsanen and Seppo Honkanen and Timo Aalto and Zongyin Yang and Tawfique Hasan and Weiwei Cai and Zhipei Sun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6886}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eado6886}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Miniaturized spectral sensing with a tunable optoelectronic interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The deubiquitinase USP5 prevents accumulation of protein aggregates in cardiomyocytes. SCIADV, 11(4), eado3852. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein homeostasis is crucial for maintaining cardiomyocyte (CM) function. Disruption of proteostasis results in accumulation of protein aggregates causing cardiac pathologies such as hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and heart failure. Here, we identify ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 (USP5) as a critical determinant of protein quality control (PQC) in CM. CM-specific loss of mUsp5 leads to the accumulation of polyubiquitin chains and protein aggregates, cardiac remodeling, and eventually DCM. USP5 interacts with key components of the proteostasis machinery, including PSMD14, and the absence of USP5 increases activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagic flux in CMs. Cardiac-specific hUSP5 overexpression reduces pathological remodeling in pressure-overloaded mouse hearts and attenuates protein aggregate formation in titinopathy and desminopathy models. Since CMs from humans with end-stage DCM show lower USP5 levels and display accumulation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates, we hypothesize that therapeutically increased USP5 activity may reduce protein aggregates during DCM. Our findings demonstrate that USP5 is essential for ubiquitin turnover and proteostasis in mature CMs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yvonne Eibach and Silke Kreher and Mareike S. Poetsch and Ay Lin Kho and Ulrich Gaertner and Christoph S. Clemen and Rolf Schröder and Kai Guo and Hendrik Milting and Benjamin Meder and Michael Potente and Manfred Richter and Andre Schneider and Silke Meiners and Mathias Gautel and Thomas Braun}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado3852}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eado3852}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The deubiquitinase USP5 prevents accumulation of protein aggregates in cardiomyocytes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Significance of birth in the maintenance of quiescent neural stem cells. SCIADV, 11(4), eadn6377. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Birth is one of the most important life events for animals. However, its significance in the developmental process is not fully understood. Here, we found that birth-induced alteration of glutamine metabolism in radial glia (RG), the embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs), is required for the acquisition of quiescence and long-term maintenance of postnatal NSCs. Preterm birth impairs this cellular process, leading to transient hyperactivation of RG. Consequently, in the postnatal brain, the NSC pool is depleted and neurogenesis is decreased. We also found that the maintenance of quiescent RG after preterm birth improves postnatal neurogenesis. This study demonstrates the significance of birth in the maintenance of quiescent NSCs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Koya Kawase and Yasuhisa Nakamura and Laura Wolbeck and Shoko Takemura and Kei Zaitsu and Takehiro Ando and Hideo Jinnou and Masato Sawada and Chikako Nakajima and Rasmus Rydbirk and Sakura Gokenya and Akira Ito and Hitomi Fujiyama and Akari Saito and Akira Iguchi and Panagiotis Kratimenos and Nobuyuki Ishibashi and Vittorio Gallo and Osuke Iwata and Shinji Saitoh and Konstantin Khodosevich and Kazunobu Sawamoto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn6377}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadn6377}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Significance of birth in the maintenance of quiescent neural stem cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chromosome-scale genome dynamics reveal signatures of independent haplotype evolution in the ancient asexual mite platynothrus peltifer. SCIADV, 11(4), eadn0817. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Some unique asexual species persist over time and contradict the consensus that sex is a prerequisite for long-term evolutionary survival. How they escape the dead-end fate remains enigmatic. Here, we generated a haplotype-resolved genome assembly on the basis of a single individual and collected genomic data from worldwide populations of the parthenogenetic diploid oribatid mite Platynothrus peltifer to identify signatures of persistence without sex. We found that haplotypes diverge independently since the transition to asexuality at least 20 million years ago in European lineages, contrasting Japanese and Canadian lineages. Multiple lines of evidence indicate conservation of one haplotype copy and relaxed selection in the other for the ancient asexual lineages. These findings highlight the evolutionary genomic singularities of ancient asexual oribatid mites that may have contributed to escaping the early demise typically associated with asexuality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hüsna Öztoprak and Shan Gao and Nadège Guiglielmoni and Alexander Brandt and Yichen Zheng and Mohammed Errbii and Viktoria Bednarski and Christian Becker and Kerstin Becker and Lea Borgschulte and Katharina Atsuko Burak and Anne-Marie Dion-Côté and Vladislav Leonov and Linda Opherden and Satoshi Shimano and Jens Bast}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn0817}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadn0817}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chromosome-scale genome dynamics reveal signatures of independent haplotype evolution in the ancient asexual mite platynothrus peltifer}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Distributed representations of temporally accumulated reward prediction errors in the mouse cortex. SCIADV, 11(4), eadi4782. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reward prediction errors (RPEs) quantify the difference between expected and actual rewards, serving to refine future actions. Although reinforcement learning (RL) provides ample theoretical evidence suggesting that the long-term accumulation of these error signals improves learning efficiency, it remains unclear whether the brain uses similar mechanisms. To explore this, we constructed RL-based theoretical models and used multiregional two-photon calcium imaging in the mouse dorsal cortex. We identified a population of neurons whose activity was modulated by varying degrees of RPE accumulation. Consequently, RPE-encoding neurons were sequentially activated within each trial, forming a distributed assembly. RPE representations in mice aligned with theoretical predictions of RL, emerging during learning and being subject to manipulations of the reward function. Interareal comparisons revealed a region-specific code, with higher-order cortical regions exhibiting long-term encoding of RPE accumulation. These results present an additional layer of complexity in cortical RPE computation, potentially augmenting learning efficiency in animals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hiroshi Makino and Ahmad Suhaimi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adi4782}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {4}, pages = {eadi4782}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Distributed representations of temporally accumulated reward prediction errors in the mouse cortex}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Erratum for the research article: “2′3′-cGAMP interactome identifies 2′3′-cGAMP/Rab18/FosB signaling in cell migration control independent of innate immunity” by y. deng et al.. SCIADV, 11(3), eadv6581. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The original version of the Research Article “ 2′3′-cGAMP interactome identifies 2′3′-cGAMP/Rab18/FosB signaling in cell migration control independent of innate immunity” by Y. Deng et al. contained formatting errors within multiple figures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv6581}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadv6581}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Erratum for the research article: “2′3′-cGAMP interactome identifies 2′3′-cGAMP/Rab18/FosB signaling in cell migration control independent of innate immunity” by y. deng et al.}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Redefining the limits of actuating fibers via mesophase control: From contraction to elongation. SCIADV, 11(3), eadt7613. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The development of fibrous actuators with diverse actuation modes is expected to accelerate progress in active textiles, robotics, wearable electronics, and haptics. Despite the advances in responsive polymer-based actuating fibers, the available actuation modes are limited by the exclusive reliance of current technologies on thermotropic contraction along the fiber axis. To address this gap, the present study describes a reversible and spontaneous thermotropic elongation (~30%) in liquid crystal elastomer fibers produced via ultraviolet-assisted melt spinning. This elongation arises from the orthogonal alignment of smectogenic mesogens relative to the fiber axis, which contrasts the parallel alignment typically observed in nematic liquid crystal elastomer fibers and is achieved through mesophase control during extrusion. The fibers exhibiting thermotropic elongation enable active textiles increase pore size in response to temperature increase. The integration of contracting and elongating fibers within a single textile enables spatially distinct actuation, paving the way for innovations in smart clothing and fiber/textile actuators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jin-Hyeong Lee and Seungjoon Oh and In-sun Jeong and Yoo Jin Lee and Min Chan Kim and Jong S. Park and Kyu Hyun and Taylor H. Ware and Suk-kyun Ahn}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt7613}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadt7613}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Redefining the limits of actuating fibers via mesophase control: From contraction to elongation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Rapid and comprehensive detection of viral antibodies and nucleic acids via an acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics chip: AIMDx. SCIADV, 11(3), eadt5464. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Precise and rapid disease detection is critical for controlling infectious diseases like COVID-19. Current technologies struggle to simultaneously identify viral RNAs and host immune antibodies due to limited integration of sample preparation and detection. Here, we present acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics (AIMDx) on a chip, a platform enabling high-speed, sensitive detection of viral immunoglobulins [immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM] and nucleic acids. AIMDx uses acoustic vortexes and Gor’kov potential wells at a 1/10,000 subwavelength scale for concurrent isolation of viruses and antibodies while excluding cells, bacteria, and large (>200 nanometers) vesicles from saliva samples. The chip facilitates on-chip viral RNA enrichment, lysis in 2 minutes, and detection via transcription loop–mediated isothermal amplification, alongside electrochemical sensing of antibodies, including mucin-masked IgA. AIMDx achieved nearly 100% recovery of viruses and antibodies, a 32-fold RNA detection improvement, and an immunity marker sensitivity of 15.6 picograms per milliliter. This breakthrough provides a transformative tool for multiplex diagnostics, enhancing early infectious disease detection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiao Qian and Jianping Xia and Samantha Chiang and Jessica F. Liu and Ke Li and Feng Li and Fang Wei and Mohammad Aziz and Yong Kim and Vinson Go and James Morizio and Ruoyu Zhong and Ye He and Kaichun Yang and Otto O. Yang and David T. W. Wong and Luke P. Lee and Tony Jun Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt5464}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadt5464}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Rapid and comprehensive detection of viral antibodies and nucleic acids via an acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics chip: AIMDx}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Versatile adhesive skin enhances robotic interactions with the environment. SCIADV, 11(3), eadt4765. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electronic skins endow robots with sensory functions but often lack the multifunctionality of natural skin, such as switchable adhesion. Current smart adhesives based on elastomers have limited adhesion tunability, which hinders their effective use for both carrying heavy loads and performing dexterous manipulations. Here, we report a versatile, one-size-fits-all robotic adhesive skin using shape memory polymers with tunable rubber-to-glass phase transitions. The adhesion strength of our adhesive skin can be changed from minimal (~1 kilopascal) for sensing and handling ultralightweight objects to ultrastrong (>1 megapascal) for picking up and lifting heavy objects. Our versatile adhesive skin is expected to greatly enhance the ability of intelligent robots to interact with their environment.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Changhong Linghu and Yangchengyi Liu and Xudong Yang and Zhou Chen and Jin Feng and Yiyuan Zhang and Yan Li and Zhao Zhao and Young-Jae Seo and Junwei Li and Haoyu Jiang and Jiangtao Su and Yin Fang and Yuhang Li and Xiufeng Wang and Yifan Wang and Huajian Gao and K. Jimmy Hsia}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4765}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadt4765}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Versatile adhesive skin enhances robotic interactions with the environment}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Merging SOMO activation with transition metal catalysis: Deoxygenative functionalization of amides to β-aryl amines. SCIADV, 11(3), eadt4187. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) activation of in situ generated enamines has achieved great success in (asymmetric) α-functionalization of carbonyl compounds. However, examples on the use of this activation mode in the transformations of other functional groups are rare, and the combination of SOMO activation with transition metal catalysis is still less explored. In the area of deoxygenative functionalization of amides, intermediates such as iminium ions and enamines were often generated in situ to result in the formation of α-functionalized amines. In contrast, the direct deoxygenation of amides to β-functionalized amines is highly appealing yet remains scarcely investigated. Here, a deoxygenative arylation of amides with aryl halides was developed via multicatalysis of iridium/photoredox/nickel/iridium, affording β-aryl amines in high efficiency. The key to the success of this reaction is the SOMO activation of enamine in synergy with a Ni-catalyzed arylation, which is in conjunction with two compatible Ir-catalyzed reduction processes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hongjun Tian and Feng Jiang and Xiaoming Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4187}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadt4187}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Merging SOMO activation with transition metal catalysis: Deoxygenative functionalization of amides to β-aryl amines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of laacher see eruption in speleothem record synchronizes greenland and central european late glacial climate change. SCIADV, 11(3), eadt4057. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {To assess the impact of ongoing, historically unprecedented Arctic ice melting, precisely synchronized chronologies are indispensable for past analogs of abrupt climate change. Around 12,900 years before present (B.P.), the Atlantic-European realm experienced an abrupt relapse to near-glacial climate conditions attributed to Arctic meltwater fluxes, the Younger Dryas. However, it remained unclear how fast this climatic change propagated southward into Europe as terrestrial and ice-core chronologies are not sufficiently synchronized. Here, we use a volcanic sulfur spike identified in a speleothem from Germany to link the Laacher See eruption (LSE), a key chronostratigraphic marker in European terrestrial archives, to a previously unidentified sulfate spike in the Greenland ice-core record. The LSE, dated to 13,008 ± 8 years B.P. 1950 , thus synchronizes radiometric and ice-core calendars back in time, which consistently demonstrates that the LSE predates the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling by about 150 years, both in Greenland and Europe.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sophie F. Warken and Axel K. Schmitt and Denis Scholz and Andreas Hertwig and Michael Weber and Regina Mertz-Kraus and Frederick Reinig and Jan Esper and Michael Sigl}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt4057}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadt4057}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of laacher see eruption in speleothem record synchronizes greenland and central european late glacial climate change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Observation of broadband super-absorption of electromagnetic waves through space-time symmetry breaking. SCIADV, 11(3), eads7407. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Using time as an additional design parameter in electromagnetism, photonics, and wave physics is attracting considerable research interest, motivated by the possibility to explore physical phenomena and engineering opportunities beyond the limits of time-invariant systems. Here, we report the experimental demonstration of enhanced broadband absorption of electromagnetic waves in a continuously modulated time-varying system, exceeding one of the key theoretical limits of linear time-invariant absorbers. This is achieved by harnessing the frequency–wave vector transitions and enhanced interference effects enabled by breaking both continuous space- and time-translation symmetries in a periodically time-modulated absorbing structure operating at radio frequencies. Furthermore, we demonstrate broadband coherent wave absorption using a secondary control wave, observing a nearly perfect, reconfigurable, antireflection effect over a broad continuous bandwidth. Our findings provide insights into enhanced wave absorption in time-varying scenarios and may enable the development of devices operating in a regime fundamentally beyond the reach of linear time-invariant systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matteo Ciabattoni and Zeki Hayran and Francesco Monticone}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7407}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads7407}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Observation of broadband super-absorption of electromagnetic waves through space-time symmetry breaking}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biomimetic wrinkled prebiotic microspheres with enhanced intestinal retention for hyperphosphatemia and vascular calcification. SCIADV, 11(3), eads5286. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {It is urgent for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to develop a robust and facile therapy for effective control of serum phosphate and reasonable regulation of gut microbiota, which are aiming to prevent cardiovascular calcification and reduce cardiovascular complications. Here, bioinspired by intestinal microstructures, we developed biomimetic wrinkled prebiotic-containing microspheres with enhanced intestinal retention and absorption for reducing hyperphosphatemia and vascular calcification of CKD model rats. The resultant CSM@5 microspheres exhibited favorable phosphate binding capacity in vitro and could effectively reduce serum concentration of phosphorous in vivo. Through increasing the beneficial bacteria and decreasing the harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract, these prebiotic microspheres can modulate intestinal microbiota and then ameliorate vascular calcification notably. This feasible and robust approach may offer a potential and effective strategy for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia of CKD and prevention of its cardiovascular complications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bianxiang Hu and Yongqin Wang and Lei Yu and Lisha Cao and Shuai Liu and Linfang Zhong and Guobao Wang and Xiaozhong Qiu and Honghao Hou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5286}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads5286}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biomimetic wrinkled prebiotic microspheres with enhanced intestinal retention for hyperphosphatemia and vascular calcification}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). 3D active-matrix multimodal sensor arrays for independent detection of pressure and temperature. SCIADV, 11(3), eads4516. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pressure and temperature sensing simultaneously and independently is crucial for creating electronic skin that replicates complex sensory functions of human skin. Thin-film transistor (TFT) arrays with sensors have enabled cross-talk–free spatial sensing. However, the thermal dependence of charge transport in semiconductors has resulted in interference between thermal and pressure stimuli. We develop multimodal sensor arrays based on three-dimensional integration of an active matrix to detect temperature and pressure independently. Our approach includes a calibrated compensation to decouple temperature and pressure signals. An individual pixel device consists of a TFT-based pressure sensor layered above a TFT-based temperature sensor. The detected temperature is used to compensate for the thermal effect on TFT-based pressure sensors. We develop large-area sensor arrays to enable accurate detection of two-dimensional pressure and temperature, leveraging these technologies to demonstrate advanced robotic grippers. The grippers stably grasp and lift a cup regardless of temperature, proving their possibility in skin-like electronic applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Youngmin Jo and Youngoh Lee and Jimin Kwon and Seongju Kim and Gyungin Ryu and Soyoung Yun and Sanghoon Baek and Hyunhyub Ko and Sungjune Jung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4516}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads4516}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {3D active-matrix multimodal sensor arrays for independent detection of pressure and temperature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Creating chromaticity palettes and identifying white light emitters through nanocrystal megalibraries. SCIADV, 11(3), eads4453. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Halide perovskites are used to fabricate energy-efficient optoelectronic devices. Determining which compositions yield desired chromatic responses is challenging, especially when doping strategies are used. Here, we report a way of mapping the compositional space of halide perovskites to generate a light emission or “chromaticity” palette. Megalibraries consisting of millions of Mn 2+ -doped PEA 2 PbX 4 (PEA: phenethylammonium, X: halide anions) perovskite nanocrystals were synthesized to screen the compositions that led to specific emission profiles. The chromaticity palette allows one to identify single-composition white light emitters [PEA 2 Pb 1− y Mn y (Br 1− x I x ) 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1)], eliminating the need for trilayer structures in conventional white light-emitting diodes, which are prone to instability and complex device designs. Optical studies reveal that the dual-wavelength photoluminescence emission originates from exciton recombination and energy transfer processes. This study shows how emerging megalibrary capabilities can rapidly advance our understanding of the complex composition-structure-function relationships and be used to accelerate the discovery of next-generation optoelectronic materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tong Cai and Donghoon Shin and Jun Li and David D. Xu and Jacob Pietryga and Ye Zhang and Chad A. Mirkin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4453}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads4453}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Creating chromaticity palettes and identifying white light emitters through nanocrystal megalibraries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A tunable metamaterial microwave absorber inspired by chameleon’s color-changing mechanism. SCIADV, 11(3), eads3499. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A metamaterial absorber capable of swiftly altering its electromagnetic response in the microwave range offers adaptability to changing environments, such as tunable stealth capabilities. Inspired by the chameleon’s ability to change color through the structural transformation of photonic lattice crystals, which shift the bandgaps of reflection and transmission of visible light, we designed a crisscross structure that transforms from an expanded to a collapsed form. This transformation enables a switch between broadband absorption and peak transmission in the microwave range (4 to 18 gigahertz). The structure, optimized through data-driven design, is mechanically actuated by the rotation of interlinked trusses. This mechanism changes the entire array’s response, allowing it to remain undetected by an external radar or to transmit an internal radar signal to a near-field receiver when needed. The mechanical actuation and the shifting electromagnetic response of the arrayed structure are demonstrated.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dahyun D. Lim and Alberto Ibarra and Jeongwoo Lee and Jiyoung Jung and Wonjoon Choi and Grace X. Gu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3499}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads3499}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A tunable metamaterial microwave absorber inspired by chameleon’s color-changing mechanism}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Barcoded SARS-CoV-2 viruses define the impact of duration and route of exposure on the transmission bottleneck in a hamster model. SCIADV, 11(3), eads2927. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The transmission bottleneck, defined as the number of viruses shed from one host to infect another, is an important determinant of the rate of virus evolution and the level of immunity required to protect against virus transmission. Despite its importance, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission bottleneck remains poorly characterized. We adapted a SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics system to generate a pool of >200 isogenic SARS-CoV-2 viruses harboring specific 6-nucleotide barcodes, infected donor hamsters with this pool, and exposed contact hamsters to paired infected donors, varying the duration and route of exposure. Following exposure, the nasal turbinates, trachea, and lungs were collected and the number of barcodes in each tissue was enumerated. We found that longer and more direct exposures increased the transmission bottleneck and that the upper airway is the primary source of transmitted virus in this model. Together, these findings highlight the utility of barcoded viruses as tools to rigorously study virus transmission.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Reed Trende and Tamarand L. Darling and Tianyu Gan and David Wang and Adrianus C. M. Boon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2927}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads2927}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Barcoded SARS-CoV-2 viruses define the impact of duration and route of exposure on the transmission bottleneck in a hamster model}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Development of a recombinant ang1 variant with enhanced tie2 binding and its application to attenuate sepsis in mice. SCIADV, 11(3), eads1796. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The angiopoietin (Ang)–Tie axis, critical for endothelial cell function and vascular development, is a promising therapeutic target for treating vascular disorders and inflammatory conditions like sepsis. This study aimed to enhance the binding affinity of recombinant Ang1 variants to the Tie2 and explore their therapeutic potential. Structural insights from the Ang1-Tie2 complex enabled the identification of key residues within the Ang1 receptor binding domain (RBD) critical for Tie2 interaction. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that Met 436 Arg (M436R) and Ala 451 Asp (A451D) could improve Ang1’s Tie2 binding affinity. One variant, Ang1-RBD A451D , demonstrated a 100-fold increase compared to the wild type. Cellular assays revealed that Ang1 A451D enhanced Tie2 phosphorylation, promoting endothelial cell migration and tube formation. In vivo, this variant effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines and attenuated organ damage in septic mice. These findings highlight Ang1 A451D as a promising therapeutic candidate for vascular diseases, offering notable clinical potential for mitigating sepsis-related vascular dysfunction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rui Wang and Hao Li and Zhinuo Xie and Meijuan Huang and Peng Xu and Cai Yuan and Jinyu Li and Robert Flaumenhaft and Mingdong Huang and Longguang Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1796}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads1796}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Development of a recombinant ang1 variant with enhanced tie2 binding and its application to attenuate sepsis in mice}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Fully biodegradable hierarchically designed high-performance nanocellulose piezo-arrays. SCIADV, 11(3), eads0778. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {While piezoelectric sensing and energy-harvesting devices still largely rely on inorganic components, biocompatible and biodegradable piezoelectric materials, such as cellulose nanocrystals, might constitute optimal and sustainable building blocks for a variety of applications in electronics and transient implants. To this aim, however, effective methods are needed to position cellulose nanocrystals in large and high-performance architectures. Here, we report on scalable assemblies of cellulose nanocrystals in multilayered piezoelectric systems with exceptional response, for various application scopes. The submicrometer patterning with effective-flow topography and multilayer stacking promote piezoelectric performance. Record output power and pressure sensitivity in the gentle touch range are obtained in flexible, fully biodegradable systems with stable piezoelectric properties and demonstrated compatibility with different cell lines and implanted devices. These architectures offer new design principles for piezoelectric sustainable materials and for realizing an innovative class of practical components for mechanical energy harvesting and biologically relevant wearables and implants.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sujoy Kumar Ghosh and Francesca Matino and Fabio Lineu Favrin and Ilaria Tonazzini and Rosarita D’Orsi and Jose Gustavo de la Ossa and Andrea Camposeo and Jun Li and Wenjian Liu and Timothy A. Hacker and Dario Pisignano and Alessandra Operamolla and Xudong Wang and Luana Persano}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0778}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eads0778}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Fully biodegradable hierarchically designed high-performance nanocellulose piezo-arrays}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Topology changes of hydra define actin orientation defects as organizers of morphogenesis. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr9855. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hydra regenerates one head when cut, but how forces shaping the head are coordinated remains unclear. Soft compression of Hydra ’s head-regenerating tissues induces the formation of viable, two-headed animals. Compression creates new topological defects in the supracellular orientational order of muscular actin fibers, associated with additional heads. Theory supports that these defects organize muscle stresses required to shape the head. By compressing head-regenerating tissues along their body axis, we formed toroidal tissues, whose unique topology allows for the absence of defects. Toroids with no actin defects did not regenerate. Toroids with actin defects regenerated into viable toroidal animals with a bifurcated body. Topological defects in the actin orientational order are thus necessary for complete regeneration of Hydra , defining actin topological defects as mechanical organizers of morphogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yamini Ravichandran and Matthias Vogg and Karsten Kruse and Daniel J. G. Pearce and Aurélien Roux}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9855}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr9855}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Topology changes of hydra define actin orientation defects as organizers of morphogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Peptide-drug conjugates repolarize glioblastoma-associated macrophages to resensitize chemo-immunotherapy of glioblastoma. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr8841. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The prevalent tumor-supporting glioblastoma-associated macrophages (GAMs) promote glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression and resistance to multiple therapies. Repolarizing GAMs from tumor-supporting to tumor-inhibiting phenotype may troubleshoot. However, sufficient accumulation of drugs at the GBM site is restricted by blood-brain barrier (BBB). Herein, we designed peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) by conjugating camptothecin or resiquimod to a tandem peptide composed of matrix metalloproteinase 2–responsive peptide and angiopep-2 via disulfonyl-ethyl carbonate/carbamate ( MA PDCs). The mixed self-assembly MA PDCs could recognize low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 (LRP1) to facilitate BBB transport. Once reaching the GBM site, the responsive peptide would be cleaved to shed the angiopep-2, blocking abluminal LRP1-mediated brain-to-blood efflux and enhancing drug retention. Sequentially, drugs are released under the high level of intracellular glutathione. In vivo studies demonstrated that MA PDCs repolarized GAMs, boosted immune response, and resensitized chemotherapeutic toxicity, offering a much-improved anti-GBM effect. The effectiveness of MA PDCs validates GAMs as therapeutic target and PDCs as versatile brain delivery system with high design flexibility.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhi Li and Shaoping Jiang and Jie Wang and Wenpei Li and Jun Yang and Weimin Liu and Huile Gao and Yuanyu Huang and Shaobo Ruan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8841}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr8841}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Peptide-drug conjugates repolarize glioblastoma-associated macrophages to resensitize chemo-immunotherapy of glioblastoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CD4+FOXP3Exon2+ regulatory t cell frequency predicts breast cancer prognosis and survival. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr7934. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {CD4 + FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (T regs ) suppress immune responses to tumors, and their accumulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) correlates with poor clinical outcome in several cancers, including breast cancer (BC). However, the properties of intratumoral T regs remain largely unknown. Here, we found that a functionally distinct subpopulation of T regs , expressing the FOXP3 Exon2 splicing variants, is prominent in patients with hormone receptor–positive BC with poor prognosis. Notably, a comprehensive examination of the TCGA validated FOXP3E2 as an independent prognostic marker in all other BC subtypes. We found that FOXP3E2 expression underlies BCs with defective mismatch repair and a stem-like signature and highlights pathways involved in tumor survival. Last, we found that the TME induces FOXP3E2 through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and confirmed the higher immunosuppressive capacity of FOXP3E2 + T regs derived from patients with BC. Our study suggests that FOXP3E2 + T regs might be used as an independent biomarker to predict BC prognosis and survival and to develop super-targeted immunotherapies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Clorinda Fusco and Francesca Di Rella and Antonietta Liotti and Alessandra Colamatteo and Anne Lise Ferrara and Vincenzo Gigantino and Francesca Collina and Emanuela Esposito and Ivana Donzelli and Antonio Porcellini and Antonia Feola and Teresa Micillo and Francesco Perna and Federica Garziano and Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco and Gilda Varricchi and Maria Mottola and Bruno Zuccarelli and Bruna De Simone and Maurizio di Bonito and Giuseppe Matarese and Antonello Accurso and Martina Pontillo and Daniela Russo and Luigi Insabato and Alessandra Spaziano and Irene Cantone and Antonio Pezone and Veronica De Rosa}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7934}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr7934}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CD4+FOXP3Exon2+ regulatory t cell frequency predicts breast cancer prognosis and survival}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transient interactions between the fuzzy coat and the cross-β core of brain-derived aβ42 filaments. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr7008. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Several human disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are characterized by the aberrant formation of amyloid fibrils. In many cases, the amyloid core is flanked by disordered regions, known as fuzzy coat. The structural properties of fuzzy coats, and their interactions with their environments, however, have not been fully described to date. Here, we generate conformational ensembles of two brain-derived amyloid filaments of Aβ42, corresponding respectively to the familial and sporadic forms of AD. Our approach, called metadynamic electron microscopy metainference (MEMMI), provides a characterization of the transient interactions between the fuzzy coat and the cross-β core of the filaments. These calculations indicate that the familial AD filaments are less soluble than the sporadic AD filaments, and that the fuzzy coat contributes to solubilizing both types of filament. These results illustrate how the metainference approach can help analyze cryo-EM maps for the characterization of the properties of amyloid fibrils.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maria Milanesi and Z. Faidon Brotzakis and Michele Vendruscolo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7008}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr7008}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transient interactions between the fuzzy coat and the cross-β core of brain-derived aβ42 filaments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Low functional change despite high taxonomic turnover characterizes the ulva microbiome across a 2000-km salinity gradient. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr6070. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The green seaweed Ulva relies on associated bacteria for morphogenesis and is an important model to study algal-bacterial interactions. Ulva -associated bacteria exhibit high turnover across environmental gradients, leading to the hypothesis that bacteria contribute to the acclimation potential of the host. However, the functional variation of these bacteria in relation to environmental changes remains unclear. We analyzed 91 Ulva samples across a 2000-kilometer Atlantic–Baltic Sea salinity gradient using metagenomic sequencing. Metabolic reconstruction of 639 metagenome-assembled genomes revealed widespread potential for carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and vitamin metabolism. Although the R 2 value for salinity explained 70% of taxonomic variation, it accounted only for 17% of functional variation. The limited variation was attributed to typical high-salinity bacteria exhibiting enrichment in genes for thiamine, pyridoxal, and betaine biosynthesis, which likely contribute to stress mitigation and osmotic homeostasis in response to salinity variations. Our results emphasize the importance of functional profiling to understand the seaweed holobiont and its collective response to environmental change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luna M. van der Loos and Sophie Steinhagen and Willem Stock and Florian Weinberger and Sofie D’hondt and Anne Willems and Olivier De Clerck}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6070}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr6070}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Low functional change despite high taxonomic turnover characterizes the ulva microbiome across a 2000-km salinity gradient}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cryptic coral diversity is associated with symbioses, physiology, and response to thermal challenge. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr5237. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coral persistence in the Anthropocene depends on interactions among holobiont partners (coral animals and microbial symbionts) and their environment. Cryptic coral lineages—genetically distinct yet morphologically similar groups—are critically important as they often exhibit functional diversity relevant to thermal tolerance. In addition, environmental parameters such as thermal variability may promote tolerance, but how variability interacts with holobiont partners to shape responses to thermal challenge remains unclear. Here, we identified three cryptic lineages of Siderastrea siderea in Bocas del Toro, Panamá that differ in distributions across inshore and offshore reefs, microbial associations, phenotypic traits of holobiont partners (i.e., phenomes), and skeleton morphologies. A thermal variability experiment failed to increase thermal tolerance, but subsequent thermal challenge and recovery revealed that one lineage maintained elevated energetic reserves, photochemical efficiency, and growth. Last, coral cores highlighted that this lineage also exhibited greater growth historically. Functional variation among cryptic lineages highlights their importance in predicting coral reef responses to climate change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hannah E. Aichelman and Brooke E. Benson and Kelly Gomez-Campo and M. Isabel Martinez-Rugerio and James E. Fifer and Laura Tsang and Annabel M. Hughes and Colleen B. Bove and Olivia C. Nieves and Alyssa M. Pereslete and Darren Stanizzi and Nicola G. Kriefall and Justin H. Baumann and John P. Rippe and Plinio Gondola and Karl D. Castillo and Sarah W. Davies}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5237}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr5237}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cryptic coral diversity is associated with symbioses, physiology, and response to thermal challenge}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Genome-wide and phenome-wide studies provided insights into brain glymphatic system function and its clinical associations. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr4606. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We applied an MRI technique diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) for assessing glymphatic system (GS) in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) of 40,486 European individuals. Exploratory analysis revealed 17 genetic loci significantly associating with the regional DTI-ALPS index. We found 58 genes, including SPPL2C and EFCAB5 , which prioritized in the DTI-ALPS index subtypes and associated with neurodegenerative diseases. PheWAS of 241 traits suggested that body mass index and blood pressure phenotypes closely related to GS function. Moreover, we detected disrupted GS function in 44 of 625 predefined disease conditions. Notably, Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis indicated that lower DTI-ALPS index was a risk factor for ischemic stroke (odds ratio = 1.56, P = 0.028) by partly mediating the risk factor of obesity. Results provide insights into the genetic architecture and mechanism for the DIT-ALPS index and highlight its great clinical value, especially in cerebral stroke.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lusen Ran and Yuanyuan Fang and Chang Cheng and Yuqin He and Zhonghe Shao and Yifan Kong and Hao Huang and Shabei Xu and Xiang Luo and Wei Wang and Xingjie Hao and Minghuan Wang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4606}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr4606}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Genome-wide and phenome-wide studies provided insights into brain glymphatic system function and its clinical associations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Oral iron sulfide prevents acute alcohol intoxication by initiating the endogenous multienzymatic antioxidant defense system. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr4231. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Acute alcohol intoxication could cause multiorgan damage, including nervous, digestive, and cardiovascular systems, and in particular, irreversible damage to the brain and liver. Emerging studies have revealed that the endogenous multienzymatic antioxidant defense system (MEAODS) plays a central role in preventing oxidative stress and other toxicological compounds produced by alcohol. However, few available drugs could quickly regulate MEAODS. Herein, we report a nanosized iron sulfide (nFeS) that can rapidly release polysulfide species in gastric juice. The released hydrogen polysulfide activates the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway via S-persulfidation of cysteine residues in Keap1, which promotes the expression of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione synthesis–related enzymes, thus potentiating MEAODS. Results indicate that the activated MEAODS not only alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain and liver but also mitigates movement dysfunction after only 2.5 hours of oral nFeS treatment. Collectively, this study provides a MEAODS-regulated strategy with nFeS and may aid the prevention of acute alcoholic injury.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Heping Wang and Xiaonan Wang and Mingxing Mao and Xi Chen and Ziwei Han and Zengyu Xun and Qian Wang and Yilin Qi and Weitao Zhao and Tianqi Li and Xiyun Yan and Jianfeng Liu and Lizeng Gao and Xue Xue}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4231}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr4231}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Oral iron sulfide prevents acute alcohol intoxication by initiating the endogenous multienzymatic antioxidant defense system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Compressing slippery surface-assembled amphiphiles for tunable haptic energy harvesters. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr4088. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A recurring challenge in extracting energy from ambient motion is that devices must maintain high harvesting efficiency and a positive user experience when the interface is undergoing dynamic compression. We show that small amphiphiles can be used to tune friction, haptics, and triboelectric properties by assembling into specific conformations on the surfaces of materials. Molecules that form multiple slip planes under pressure, especially through π-π stacking, produce 80 to 90% lower friction than those that form disordered mesostructures. We propose a scaling framework for their friction reduction properties that accounts for adhesion and contact mechanics. Amphiphile-coated surfaces tend to resist wear and generate distinct tactile perception, with humans preferring more slippery materials. Separately, triboelectric output is enhanced through the use of amphiphiles with high electron affinity. Because device adoption is tied to both friction reduction and electron-withdrawing potential, molecules that self-organize into slippery planes under pressure represent a facile way to advance the development of haptic power harvesters at scale.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pallav K. Jani and Kushal Yadav and Maryanne Derkaloustian and Hilmar Koerner and Charles Dhong and Saad A. Khan and Lilian C. Hsiao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4088}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr4088}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Compressing slippery surface-assembled amphiphiles for tunable haptic energy harvesters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Human P2X4 receptor gating is modulated by a stable cytoplasmic cap and a unique allosteric pocket. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr3315. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {P2X receptors (P2XRs) are adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)–gated ion channels comprising homomeric and heteromeric trimers of seven subtypes (P2X1–P2X7) that confer different rates of desensitization. The helical recoil model of P2XR desensitization proposes stability of the cytoplasmic cap sets the rate of desensitization, but timing of its formation is unclear for slow-desensitizing P2XRs. We report cryo–electron microscopy structures of full-length wild-type human P2X4 receptor in apo closed, antagonist-bound inhibited, and ATP-bound desensitized states. Because the apo closed and antagonist-bound inhibited state structures of this slow-desensitizing P2XR include an intact cytoplasmic cap while the ATP-bound desensitized state structure does not, the cytoplasmic cap is formed before agonist binding. Furthermore, structural and functional data suggest the cytoplasmic cap is stabilized by lipids to modulate desensitization, and P2X4 is modified by glycosylation and palmitoylation. Last, our antagonist-bound inhibited state structure reveals features specific to the allosteric ligand-binding pocket in human receptors that facilitates development of small-molecule modulators.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Haoyuan Shi and Ismayn A. Ditter and Adam C. Oken and Steven E. Mansoor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3315}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr3315}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Human P2X4 receptor gating is modulated by a stable cytoplasmic cap and a unique allosteric pocket}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Seizure detection via reservoir computing in MoS2-based charge trap memory devices. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr3241. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neurological disorders are a substantial global health burden, affecting millions of people worldwide. A key challenge in developing effective treatments and preventive measures is the realization of low-power wearable systems with early detection capabilities. Traditional strategies rely on machine learning algorithms, but their computational demands often exceed what miniaturized systems can provide. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the human brain, demonstrated capabilities of on-chip computing with low power consumption. In this context, bidimensional (2D) semiconductors hold notable promise, thanks to their unique electronic properties, atomic-scale thickness, and scalability, making them ideal for low-power applications. This work presents a neuromorphic reservoir computing system exploiting MoS 2 -based charge trap memories (CTMs) for processing of electrophysiological signals. Real-time seizures detection is achieved, thanks to the nonlinear integration of local-field potential (LFP) recorded from in vitro rodent models of ictogenesis. The results support MoS 2 -based CTMs for low-power biomedical devices in clinical diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matteo Farronato and Piergiulio Mannocci and Alessandro Milozzi and Christian Monzio Compagnoni and Alessandro Barcellona and Andrea Arena and Marco Crepaldi and Gabriella Panuccio and Daniele Ielmini}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3241}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr3241}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Seizure detection via reservoir computing in MoS2-based charge trap memory devices}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Pellino 3 e3 ligase promotes starvation-induced autophagy to prevent hepatic steatosis. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr2450. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nutrient deprivation is a major trigger of autophagy, a conserved quality control and recycling process essential for cellular and tissue homeostasis. In a high-content image-based screen of the human ubiquitome, we here identify the E3 ligase Pellino 3 (PELI3) as a crucial regulator of starvation-induced autophagy. Mechanistically, PELI3 localizes to autophagic membranes, where it interacts with the ATG8 proteins through an LC3-interacting region (LIR). This facilitates PELI3-mediated ubiquitination of ULK1, driving ULK1’s subsequent proteasomal degradation. PELI3 depletion leads to an aberrant accumulation and mislocalization of ULK1 and disrupts the early steps of autophagosome formation. Genetic deletion of Peli3 in mice impairs fasting-induced autophagy in the liver and enhances starvation-induced hepatic steatosis by reducing autophagy-mediated clearance of lipid droplets. Notably, PELI3 expression is decreased in the livers of patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), suggesting its role in hepatic steatosis development in humans. The findings suggest that PELI3-mediated control of autophagy plays a protective role in liver health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Srinivasa P. Kolapalli and Carsten J. Beese and Steven E. Reid and Sólveig H. Brynjólfsdóttir and Maria H. Jørgensen and Ashish Jain and Joyceline Cuenco and Monika Lewinska and Ahmad Abdul-Al and Aida R. López and Marja Jäättelä and Kei Sakamoto and Jesper B. Andersen and Kenji Maeda and Tor E. Rusten and Anders H. Lund and Lisa B. Frankel}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2450}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr2450}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Pellino 3 e3 ligase promotes starvation-induced autophagy to prevent hepatic steatosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). LEDGF/p75 promotes transcriptional pausing through preventing SPT5 phosphorylation. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr2131. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {SPT5 exhibits versatile functions in RNA Pol II promoter proximal pausing, pause release, and elongation in metazoans. However, the mechanism underlying the functional switch of SPT5 during early elongation has not been fully understood. Here, we report that the phosphorylation site-rich domain (PRD)/CTR1 and the prion-like domain (PLD)/CTR2, which are situated adjacent to each other within the C-terminal repeat (CTR) in SPT5, play pivotal roles in Pol II pausing and elongation, respectively. Our study demonstrates that LEDGF/p75 is highly enriched at promoters, especially paused promoters, and prevents the phosphorylation of SPT5 PRD by the super elongation complex (SEC). Furthermore, deletion of LEDGF IBD leads to increased SEC occupancies and SPT5 PRD phosphorylation at promoters and also increased pause release. In sum, our study reveals that LEDGF and SEC function cooperatively on SPT5 distinct domains to ensure proper transcriptional transition from pausing to elongation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chenghao Guo and Shuhan Si and Haitong Fang and Shimin Shuai and Yadi Zhang and Xiaoyu Du and Bo Duan and Jiawei Wu and Honghong Yao and Zheng Ge and Chengqi Lin and Zhuojuan Luo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2131}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr2131}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {LEDGF/p75 promotes transcriptional pausing through preventing SPT5 phosphorylation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Axially multifocal metalens for 3D volumetric photoacoustic imaging of neuromelanin in live brain organoid. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr0654. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical resolution photoacoustic imaging of uneven samples without z-scanning is transformative for the fast analysis and diagnosis of diseases. However, current approaches to elongate the depth of field (DOF) typically imply cumbersome postprocessing procedures, bulky optical element ensembles, or substantial excitation beam side lobes. Metasurface technology allows for the phase modulation of light and the miniaturization of imaging systems to wavelength-size thickness. Here, we propose a metalens composed of submicrometer-thick titanium oxide nanopillars, which generates an elongated beam of diffraction-limited diameter with an aspect ratio of 286 and a uniform intensity throughout the DOF. The metalens enhances visualization of phantom samples with tilted surfaces compared to conventional lenses. Moreover, the volumetric imaging of neuromelanin is facilitated for depths of up to 500 micrometers within the human midbrain and forebrain organoids that are 3D biological models of human brain regions. This approach provides a miniaturized platform for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and drug discovery.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aleksandr Barulin and Elena Barulina and Dong Kyo Oh and Yongjae Jo and Hyemi Park and Soomin Park and Hyunjun Kye and Jeesu Kim and Jinhee Yoo and Junhyung Kim and Gyusoo Bak and Yangkyu Kim and Hyunjung Kang and Yujin Park and Jong-Chan Park and Junsuk Rho and Byullee Park and Inki Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0654}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr0654}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Axially multifocal metalens for 3D volumetric photoacoustic imaging of neuromelanin in live brain organoid}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Artificial biomarker-based feedback-regulated personalized and precise thrombolysis with lower hemorrhagic risk. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr0377. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The body weight–based thrombolytic medication strategy in clinical trials shows critical defects in recanalization rate and post-thrombolysis hemorrhage. Methods for perceiving thrombi heterogeneity of thrombolysis resistance is urgently needed for precise thrombolysis. Here, we revealed the relationship between the thrombin heterogeneity and the thrombolysis resistance in thrombi and created an artificial biomarker-based nano-patrol system with robotic functional logic to perceive and report the thrombolysis resistance of thrombi. The nano-patrols are contrallable and are able to accomplish thrombolysis resistance-matched personalized and precise therapy according to the feedback signal from artificial biomarkers. This nano-patrol system depicted more enhanced thrombolytic efficiency (elevated by 25%) than alteplase for mini pig model and clinical thrombi and achieved recanalization in thrombotic model where alteplase encountered failure. Moreover, the nano-patrol remarkably reduced the infarct volume and the hemorrhagic transformation risk (0.12-fold of alteplase) of cerebral thrombosis. Therefore, we developed a unique tool for diagnosing thrombolysis resistance and achieving personalized and precise thrombolysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lang Li and Hao Tian and Liulin Wu and Na Chen and Qiao Zhang and Lin Chen and Kai Zhu and Lin Lin and Xi Chen and Lang He and Min Liu and Wenyan Zhao and Yang Su and Juan Yan and Xingli Zhao and Xin Zhou and Zhenhua Zhou and Wen Zeng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0377}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr0377}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Artificial biomarker-based feedback-regulated personalized and precise thrombolysis with lower hemorrhagic risk}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Bad year econometrics: Agent-based modeling of risk management strategies under varying regimes of environmental change. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr0314. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Resilience—the ability of socio-ecological systems to withstand and recover from shocks—is a key research and policy focus. Definitions of resilience differ between disciplines, however, and the term remains inadequately operationalized. Resilience is the outcome of variable behavioral decisions, yet the process itself and the strategies behind it have rarely been addressed quantitatively. We present an agent-based model integrating four common risk management strategies, observed in past and present societies. Model outcomes under different environmental regimes, and in relation to key case studies, provide a mapping between the efficacy (success in harm prevention) and efficiency (cost of harm prevention) of different behavioral strategies. This formalization unravels the historical contingency of dynamic socio-natural processes in the context of crises. In discriminating between successful and failed risk management strategies deployed in the past—the emergent outcome of which is resilience—we are better placed to understand and to some degree predict their utility in the contemporary world.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Colin D. Wren and Iza Romanowska and Felix Riede}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0314}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr0314}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Bad year econometrics: Agent-based modeling of risk management strategies under varying regimes of environmental change}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wave ripples formed in ancient, ice-free lakes in gale crater, mars. SCIADV, 11(3), eadr0010. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Symmetrical wave ripples identified with NASA’s Curiosity rover in ancient lake deposits at Gale crater provide a key paleoclimate constraint for early Mars: At the time of ripple formation, climate conditions must have supported ice-free liquid water on the surface of Mars. These features are the most definitive examples of wave ripples on another planet. The ripples occur in two stratigraphic intervals within the orbitally defined Layered Sulfate Unit: a thin but laterally extensive unit at the base of the Amapari member of the Mirador formation, and a sandstone lens within the Contigo member of the Mirador formation. In both locations, the ripples have an average wavelength of ~4.5 centimeters. Internal laminae and ripple morphology show an architecture common in wave-influenced environments where wind-generated surface gravity waves mobilize bottom sediment in oscillatory flows. Their presence suggests formation in a shallow-water (<2 meters) setting that was open to the atmosphere, which requires atmospheric conditions that allow stable surface water.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Claire A. Mondro and Christopher M. Fedo and John P. Grotzinger and Michael P. Lamb and Sanjeev Gupta and William E. Dietrich and Steven Banham and Catherine M. Weitz and Patrick Gasda and Lauren A. Edgar and David Rubin and Alexander B. Bryk and Edwin S. Kite and Gwénaël Caravaca and Juergen Schieber and Ashwin R. Vasavada}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0010}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadr0010}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wave ripples formed in ancient, ice-free lakes in gale crater, mars}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molybdate uptake interplay with ROS tolerance modulates bacterial pathogenesis. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq9686. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The rare metal element molybdenum functions as a cofactor in molybdoenzymes that are essential to life in almost all living things. Molybdate can be captured by the periplasmic substrate-binding protein ModA of ModABC transport system in bacteria. We demonstrate that ModA plays crucial roles in growth, multiple metabolic pathways, and ROS tolerance in Acinetobacter baumannii . Crystal structures of molybdate-coordinated A. baumannii ModA show a noncanonical disulfide bond with a conformational change between reduced and oxidized states. Disulfide bond formation reduced binding affinity to molybdate by two orders of magnitude and contributes to its substrate preference. ModA-mediated molybdate binding was important for A. baumannii infection in a murine pneumonia model. Together, our study sheds light on the structural and functional diversity of molybdate uptake and highlights a potential target for antibacterial development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Min Jiao and Wenbo He and Zhenlin Ouyang and Qinyue Yu and Jiaxin Zhang and Qian Qin and Ruochen Wang and Xiaolong Guo and Ruihan Liu and Xiaoyu He and Peter M. Hwang and Fang Zheng and Yurong Wen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9686}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq9686}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molybdate uptake interplay with ROS tolerance modulates bacterial pathogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Single-cell analysis reveals mycobacterium tuberculosis ESX-1–mediated accumulation of permissive macrophages in infected mouse lungs. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq8158. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) ESX-1, a type VII secretion system, is a key virulence determinant contributing to MTB’s survival within lung mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs), but its effect on MNP recruitment and differentiation remains unknown. Here, using multiple single-cell RNA sequencing techniques, we studied the role of ESX-1 in MNP heterogeneity and response in mice and murine bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDM). We found that ESX-1 is required for MTB to recruit diverse MNP subsets with high MTB burden. Further, MTB induces a transcriptional signature of immune evasion in lung macrophages and BMDM in an ESX-1–dependent manner. Spatial transcriptomics revealed an up-regulation of permissive features within MTB lesions, where monocyte-derived macrophages concentrate near MTB-infected cells. Together, our findings suggest that MTB ESX-1 facilitates the recruitment and differentiation of MNPs, which MTB can infect and manipulate for survival. Our dataset across various models and methods could contribute to the broader understanding of recruited cell heterogeneity during MTB lung infection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Weihao Zheng and Michael Borja and Leah C. Dorman and Jonathan Liu and Andy Zhou and Amanda Seng and Ritwicq Arjyal and Sara Sunshine and Alina Nalyvayko and Angela Oliveira Pisco and Oren S. Rosenberg and Norma Neff and Beth Shoshana Zha}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8158}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq8158}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Single-cell analysis reveals mycobacterium tuberculosis ESX-1–mediated accumulation of permissive macrophages in infected mouse lungs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Viroporin activity is necessary for intercellular calcium signals that contribute to viral pathogenesis. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq8115. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Viruses engage in a variety of processes to subvert host defenses and create an environment amenable to replication. Here, using rotavirus as a prototype, we show that calcium conductance out of the endoplasmic reticulum by the virus encoded ion channel, NSP4 , induces intercellular calcium waves that extend beyond the infected cell and contribute to pathogenesis. Viruses that lack the ability to induce this signaling show diminished viral shedding and attenuated disease in a mouse model of rotavirus diarrhea. This implicates nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) as a virulence factor and provides mechanistic insight into its mode of action. Critically, this signaling induces a transcriptional signature characteristic of interferon-independent innate immune activation, which is not observed in response to a mutant NSP4 that does not conduct calcium. This implicates calcium dysregulation as a means of pathogen recognition, a theme broadly applicable to calcium-altering pathogens beyond rotavirus.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {J. Thomas Gebert and Francesca J. Scribano and Kristen A. Engevik and Ethan M. Huleatt and Michael R. Eledge and Lauren E. Dorn and Asha A. Philip and Takahiro Kawagishi and Harry B. Greenberg and John T. Patton and Joseph M. Hyser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8115}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq8115}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Viroporin activity is necessary for intercellular calcium signals that contribute to viral pathogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The partisanship of mayors has no detectable effect on police spending, police employment, crime, or arrests. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq8052. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In this paper, we examine whether mayors’ partisan affiliations lead to differences in crime and policing. We use a large new dataset on mayoral elections and three different modern causal inference research designs (a regression discontinuity design centered around close elections and two robust difference-in-differences methods) to determine the causal effect of mayoral partisanship on crime, arrests, and racial differences in arrest patterns in medium and large US cities. We find no evidence that mayoral partisanship affects police employment or expenditures, police force or leadership demographics, overall crime rates, or numbers of arrests. At the same time, we find some suggestive evidence that mayoral partisanship may modestly affect the racial composition of arrests. Overall, the results from our multimethod analyses indicate that local partisan politics has little causal impact on crime and policing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Justin de Benedictis-Kessner and Matthew Harvey and Daniel Jones and Christopher Warshaw}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8052}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq8052}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The partisanship of mayors has no detectable effect on police spending, police employment, crime, or arrests}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Morphogenesis of bacterial cables in polymeric environments. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq7797. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many bacteria live in polymeric fluids, such as mucus, environmental polysaccharides, and extracellular polymers in biofilms. However, laboratory studies typically focus on cells in polymer-free fluids. Here, we show that interactions with polymers shape a fundamental feature of bacterial life—how they proliferate in space in multicellular colonies. Using experiments, we find that when polymer is sufficiently concentrated, cells generically and reversibly form large serpentine “cables” as they proliferate. By combining experiments with biophysical theory and simulations, we demonstrate that this distinctive form of colony morphogenesis arises from an interplay between polymer-induced entropic attraction between neighboring cells and their hindered ability to diffusely separate from each other in a viscous polymer solution. Our work thus reveals a pivotal role of polymers in sculpting proliferating bacterial colonies, with implications for how they interact with hosts and with the natural environment, and uncovers quantitative principles governing colony morphogenesis in such complex environments.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sebastian Gonzalez La Corte and Corey A. Stevens and Gerardo Cárcamo-Oyarce and Katharina Ribbeck and Ned S. Wingreen and Sujit S. Datta}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7797}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq7797}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Morphogenesis of bacterial cables in polymeric environments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Control of striatal circuit development by the chromatin regulator zswim6. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq6663. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders involves vulnerable neural populations, including striatal circuitry, and convergent molecular nodes, including chromatin regulation and synapse function. Despite this, how epigenetic regulation regulates striatal development is understudied. Recurrent de novo mutations in Zswim6 are associated with intellectual disability and autism. We demonstrate that ZSWIM6 localizes to the nucleus where it associates with repressive chromatin regulators. Disruption of Zswim6 in ventral telencephalic progenitors leads to increased chromatin accessibility and transcriptional dysregulation. Ablating Zswim6 in either striatal direct or indirect pathway spiny projection neurons resulted in similar cell-autonomous changes in excitatory but not inhibitory synaptic transmission. Specifically, Zswim6 disruption altered the desensitization properties of AMPA receptors, leading to enhanced synaptic recruitment of SPNs, explaining SPN-subtype specific effects on activity and behavioral sub-structure. Last, adult deletion of Zswim6 identified a continuing role in the maintenance of mature striatal synapses. Together, we describe a mechanistic role for Zswim6 in the epigenetic control of striatal synaptic development.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kyuhyun Choi and Nathan T. Henderson and Emily R. Feierman and Sean Louzon and Jamie Galanaugh and Felicia Davatolhagh and Isha Bhandaru and David J. Tischfield and Stewart A. Anderson and Erica Korb and Marc V. Fuccillo}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6663}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq6663}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Control of striatal circuit development by the chromatin regulator zswim6}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Amphiphilic hemicyanine molecular probes crossing the blood-brain barrier for intracranial optical imaging of glioblastoma. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq5816. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intracranial optical imaging of glioblastoma (GBM) is challenging due to the scarcity of effective probes with blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and sufficient imaging depth. Herein, we describe a rational strategy for designing optical probes crossing the BBB based on an electron donor-π-acceptor system to adjust the lipid/water partition coefficient and molecular weight of probes. The amphiphilic hemicyanine dye (namely, IVTPO), which exhibits remarkable optical properties and effective BBB permeability, is chosen as an efficient fluorescence/photoacoustic probe for in vivo real-time imaging of orthotopic GBM with high resolution through the intact skull. Abnormal leakage of IVTPO adjacent to the developing tumor is unambiguously observed at an early stage of tumor development prior to impairment of BBB integrity, as assessed by commercial Evans blue (EB). Compared with EB, IVTPO demonstrates enhanced optical imaging capability and improved tumor-targeting efficacy. These results offer encouraging insights into medical diagnosis of intracranial GBM.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wei Qin and Honghui Li and Jiali Chen and Yang Qiu and Limin Ma and Liming Nie}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5816}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq5816}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Amphiphilic hemicyanine molecular probes crossing the blood-brain barrier for intracranial optical imaging of glioblastoma}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Siderophore synthetase-receptor gene coevolution reveals habitat- and pathogen-specific bacterial iron interaction networks. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq5038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Bacterial social interactions play crucial roles in various ecological, medical, and biotechnological contexts. However, predicting these interactions from genome sequences is notoriously difficult. Here, we developed bioinformatic tools to predict whether secreted iron-scavenging siderophores stimulate or inhibit the growth of community members. Siderophores are chemically diverse and can be stimulatory or inhibitory depending on whether bacteria have or lack corresponding uptake receptors. We focused on 1928 representative Pseudomonas genomes and developed an experimentally validated coevolution algorithm to match encoded siderophore synthetases to corresponding receptor groups. We derived community-level iron interaction networks to show that siderophore-mediated interactions differ across habitats and lifestyles. Specifically, dense networks of siderophore sharing and competition were observed among environmental and nonpathogenic species, while small, fragmented networks occurred among human-associated and pathogenic species. Together, our sequence-to-ecology approach empowers the analyses of social interactions among thousands of bacterial strains and offers opportunities for targeted intervention to microbial communities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shaohua Gu and Zhengying Shao and Zeyang Qu and Shenyue Zhu and Yuanzhe Shao and Di Zhang and Richard Allen and Ruolin He and Jiqi Shao and Guanyue Xiong and Alexandre Jousset and Ville-Petri Friman and Zhong Wei and Rolf Kümmerli and Zhiyuan Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq5038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Siderophore synthetase-receptor gene coevolution reveals habitat- and pathogen-specific bacterial iron interaction networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Programmed shape transformations in cell-laden granular composites. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq5011. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tissues form during development through mechanical compaction of their extracellular matrix (ECM) and shape morphing, processes that result in complex-shaped structures that contribute to tissue function. While observed in vivo, control over these processes in vitro to understand both tissue development and guide tissue formation has remained challenging. Here, we use combinations of mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids and hydrogel microparticles (microgels) with varied hydrolytic stability to fabricate programmable and dynamic granular composites that control compaction and tissue formation over time. Mixed microgel populations of varying stability provide a further handle to alter compaction, and the level of compaction guides the uniformity and level of ECM deposition within tissues. Last, spatially patterned granular composites of varying compaction enable shape transformations (i.e., bending/curvature) that are stable with culture and are predicted by finite element models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nikolas Di Caprio and Alex J. Hughes and Jason A. Burdick}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5011}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq5011}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Programmed shape transformations in cell-laden granular composites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Soft nanoforest of metal single atoms for free diffusion catalysis. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq2948. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metal single atoms are of increasing importance in catalytic reactions. However, the mass diffusion is yet substantially limited by the confined surface of the support in comparison to homogeneous catalysis. Here, we demonstrate that cylindrical micellar brushes with highly solvated poly(2-vinylpyridine) coronas can immobilize 33 types of metal single atoms with 8.3 to 40.9 weight % contents on conventional electrodes under ambient conditions. This is favored by the forest-like hierarchically open soft structure of the micellar brushes and the dynamic coordination between the metals and the pyridine groups. It was found that the nanoforests of individual noble metal single atoms can be well solvated in an aqueous electrolyte to comprehensively expose the atomic active sites and the nanoforest of Pt single atoms on nickel foam reveals high electrochemical performance for hydrogen evolution. The micellar brush support also enables the simultaneous anchoring of multiple single atoms on the cathode of an anion-exchange membrane electrolyzer for long-term stable water electrolysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yan Sun and Yipeng Zang and Bowen He and Geyu Lin and Zhengwu Liu and Lei Yang and Liwei Chen and Lina Li and Xi Liu and Chengshuo Shen and Huibin Qiu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2948}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq2948}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Soft nanoforest of metal single atoms for free diffusion catalysis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Inherent differential microbial assemblages and functions associated with corals exhibiting different thermal phenotypes. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq2583. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Certain coral individuals exhibit enhanced resistance to thermal bleaching, yet the specific microbial assemblages and their roles in these phenotypes remain unclear. We compared the microbial communities of thermal bleaching–resistant (TBR) and thermal bleaching–sensitive (TBS) corals using metabarcoding and metagenomics. Our multidomain approach revealed stable distinct microbial compositions between thermal phenotypes. Notably, TBR corals were inherently enriched with microbial eukaryotes, particularly Symbiodiniaceae, linked to photosynthesis, and the biosynthesis of antibiotic and antitumor compounds and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor proteins, crucial for cell wall regulation and metabolite exchange. In contrast, TBS corals were dominated by bacterial metabolic genes related to nitrogen, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The inherent microbiome differences between TBR and TBS corals, already observed before thermal stress, point to distinct holobiont phenotypes associated to thermal bleaching resistance, offering insights into mechanisms underlying coral response to climate-induced stress.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Erika P. Santoro and Anny Cárdenas and Helena D. M. Villela and Caren L. S. Vilela and Angela M. Ghizelini and Gustavo A. S. Duarte and Gabriela Perna and João P. Saraiva and Torsten Thomas and Christian R. Voolstra and Raquel S. Peixoto}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2583}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq2583}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Inherent differential microbial assemblages and functions associated with corals exhibiting different thermal phenotypes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A metagenomic perspective on the microbial prokaryotic genome census. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq2166. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Following 30 years of sequencing, we assessed the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of >1.5 million microbial genomes in public databases, including metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of uncultivated microbes. As compared to the vast diversity uncovered by metagenomic sequences, cultivated taxa account for a modest portion of the overall diversity, 9.73% in bacteria and 6.55% in archaea, while MAGs contribute 48.54% and 57.05%, respectively. Therefore, a substantial fraction of bacterial (41.73%) and archaeal PD (36.39%) still lacks any genomic representation. This unrepresented diversity manifests primarily at lower taxonomic ranks, exemplified by 134,966 species identified in 18,087 metagenomic samples. Our study exposes diversity hotspots in freshwater, marine subsurface, sediment, soil, and other environments, whereas human samples yielded minimal novelty within the context of existing datasets. These results offer a roadmap for future genome recovery efforts, delineating uncaptured taxa in underexplored environments and underscoring the necessity for renewed isolation and sequencing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dongying Wu and Rekha Seshadri and Nikos C. Kyrpides and Natalia N. Ivanova}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2166}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq2166}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A metagenomic perspective on the microbial prokaryotic genome census}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Activation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons rapidly drives homeostatic sleep pressure. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq0651. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Homeostatic sleep regulation is essential for optimizing the amount and timing of sleep for its revitalizing function, but the mechanism underlying sleep homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here, we show that optogenetic activation of locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic neurons immediately increased sleep propensity following a transient wakefulness, contrasting with many other arousal-promoting neurons whose activation induces sustained wakefulness. Fiber photometry showed that repeated optogenetic or sensory stimulation caused a rapid reduction of calcium activity in LC neurons and steep declines in noradrenaline/norepinephrine (NE) release in both the LC and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Knockdown of α 2 A adrenergic receptors in LC neurons mitigated the decline of NE release induced by repetitive stimulation and extended wakefulness, demonstrating an important role of α 2 A receptor–mediated auto-suppression of NE release. Together, these results suggest that functional fatigue of LC noradrenergic neurons, which reduces their wake-promoting capacity, contributes to sleep pressure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel Silverman and Changwan Chen and Shuang Chang and Lillie Bui and Yufan Zhang and Rishi Raghavan and Anna Jiang and April Le and Dana Darmohray and Jiao Sima and Xinlu Ding and Bing Li and Chenyan Ma and Yang Dan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0651}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq0651}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Activation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons rapidly drives homeostatic sleep pressure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting uPAR with an antibody-drug conjugate suppresses tumor growth and reshapes the immune landscape in pancreatic cancer models. SCIADV, 11(3), eadq0513. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) hold promise to advance targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), where the desmoplastic tumor stroma challenges effective treatment. Here, we explored the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as a candidate ADC target in PDAC, harnessing its massive tumoral and stromal expression in this stroma-dense tumor. We generated a site-specific ADC offering high-affinity, cross-species reactivity, and efficient internalization of the anti-uPAR monoclonal antibody, FL1, carrying a potent anthracycline derivative (PNU-158692). In vitro, FL1-PNU exhibited potent and specific cytotoxicity against uPAR-expressing PDAC cell lines, stromal and immune cells, and bystander killing of uPAR-negative cells. In vivo, the ADC induced remission or sustained tumor regression and extended survival in xenograft models. In syngeneic orthotopic models, the antitumor effect promoted immunomodulation by enhancing infiltrating immune effectors and decreasing immunosuppressive cells. This study lays grounds for further exploring FL1-PNU as a putative clinical ADC candidate, potentially providing a promising therapeutic avenue for PDAC as a monotherapy or in combinatorial regimens.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Virginia Metrangolo and Michaela Hansen Blomquist and Ananya Dutta and Henrik Gårdsvoll and Oliver Krigslund and Kirstine Sandal Nørregaard and Henrik Jessen Jürgensen and Michael Ploug and Matthew J. Flick and Niels Behrendt and Lars H. Engelholm}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0513}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadq0513}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting uPAR with an antibody-drug conjugate suppresses tumor growth and reshapes the immune landscape in pancreatic cancer models}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Impact of developmental temperature on neural growth, connectivity, and function. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp9587. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Environmental temperature dictates the developmental pace of poikilothermic animals. In Drosophila , slower development at lower temperatures results in higher brain connectivity, but the generality of such scaling across temperatures and brain regions and its impact on function are unclear. Here, we show that brain connectivity scales continuously across temperatures, in agreement with a first-principle model that postulates different metabolic constraints for the growth of the brain and the organism. The model predicts brain wiring under temperature cycles and the nonuniform temporal scaling of neural development across temperatures. Developmental temperature has notable effects on odor-driven behavior. Dissecting the circuit architecture and function of neurons in the olfactory pathway, we demonstrate that developmental temperature does not alter odor encoding in first- and second-order neurons, but it shifts the specificity of connections onto third-order neurons that mediate innate behaviors. We conclude that while some circuit computations are robust to the effects of developmental temperature on wiring, others exhibit phenotypic plasticity with possible adaptive advantages.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pascal Züfle and Leticia L. Batista and Sofia C. Brandão and Giovanni D’Uva and Christian Daniel and Carlotta Martelli}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9587}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp9587}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Impact of developmental temperature on neural growth, connectivity, and function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Revealing the reaction path of UVC bond rupture in cyclic disulfides with ultrafast x-ray scattering. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp9175. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Disulfide bonds are ubiquitous molecular motifs that influence the tertiary structure and biological functions of many proteins. Yet, it is well known that the disulfide bond is photolabile when exposed to ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation. The deep-UV–induced S─S bond fragmentation kinetics on very fast timescales are especially pivotal to fully understand the photostability and photodamage repair mechanisms in proteins. In 1,2-dithiane, the smallest saturated cyclic molecule that mimics biologically active species with S─S bonds, we investigate the photochemistry upon 200-nm excitation by femtosecond time-resolved x-ray scattering in the gas phase using an x-ray free electron laser. In the femtosecond time domain, we find a very fast reaction that generates molecular fragments with one and two sulfur atoms. On picosecond and nanosecond timescales, a complex network of reactions unfolds that, ultimately, completes the sulfur dissociation from the parent molecule.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lingyu Ma and Wenpeng Du and Haiwang Yong and Brian Stankus and Jennifer M. Ruddock and Andrés Moreno Carrascosa and Nathan Goff and Yu Chang and Nikola Zotev and Darren Bellshaw and Thomas J. Lane and Mengning Liang and Sébastien Boutet and Sergio Carbajo and Joseph S. Robinson and Jason E. Koglin and Michael P. Minitti and Adam Kirrander and Theis I. Sølling and Peter M. Weber}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9175}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp9175}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Revealing the reaction path of UVC bond rupture in cyclic disulfides with ultrafast x-ray scattering}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Engineered extracellular vesicles with DR5 agonistic scFvs simultaneously target tumor and immunosuppressive stromal cells. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp9009. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized vesicles. Death receptor 5 (DR5) mediates extrinsic apoptosis. We engineer DR5 agonistic single-chain variable fragment (scFv) expression on the surface of sEVs derived from natural killer cells. PDGFR transmembrane domain delivers DR5-scFvs to the surface of sEVs. DR5-scFv sEVs rapidly induce apoptosis of different types of DR5 + cancer cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). DR5-scFv sEVs migrate specifically to DR5 + tumors in vitro and in vivo. Systemic delivery of DR5-scFv sEVs significantly inhibits the growth of DR5 + melanoma, liver cancer, and breast cancer and prolongs mouse life span without significant toxicity. DR5-scFv sEVs are significantly more efficacious than DR5 antibodies in vivo. In organotypic patient-derived melanoma slice cultures, DR5-scFv sEVs effectively inhibit melanoma cells and MDSCs and activate CD8 + T cells. Our studies demonstrate that DR5-scFv sEVs can inhibit tumor growth by targeting tumor cells and immunosuppressive stromal cells in the TME.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yeye Guo and Huaishan Wang and Shujing Liu and Xiaogang Zhang and Xingyue Zhu and Lili Huang and Wenqun Zhong and Lei Guan and Yeqing Chen and Min Xiao and Lingling Ou and Jingbo Yang and Xiang Chen and Alexander C. Huang and Tara Mitchell and Ravi Amaravadi and Giorgos Karakousis and John Miura and Lynn Schuchter and Ahron Flowers and Qiuxian Zheng and Haiwei Mou and Phyllis Gimotty and Meenhard Herlyn and Wei Guo and Xiaowei Xu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9009}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp9009}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Engineered extracellular vesicles with DR5 agonistic scFvs simultaneously target tumor and immunosuppressive stromal cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Opioidergic activation of the descending pain inhibitory system underlies placebo analgesia. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp8494. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Placebo analgesia is caused by inactive treatment, implicating endogenous brain function involvement. However, the neurobiological basis remains unclear. In this study, we found that μ-opioid signals in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activate the descending pain inhibitory system to initiate placebo analgesia in neuropathic pain rats. Chemogenetic manipulation demonstrated that specific activation of μ-opioid receptor–positive (MOR + ) neurons in the mPFC or suppression of the mPFC–ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) circuit inhibited placebo analgesia in rats. MOR + neurons in the mPFC are monosynaptically connected and directly inhibit layer V pyramidal neurons that project to the vlPAG via GABA A receptors. Thus, intrinsic opioid signaling in the mPFC disinhibits excitatory outflow to the vlPAG by suppressing MOR + neurons, leading to descending pain inhibitory system activation that initiates placebo analgesia. Our results shed light on the fundamental neurobiological mechanism of the placebo effect that maximizes therapeutic efficacy and reduces adverse drug effects in medical practice.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hiroyuki Neyama and Yuping Wu and Yuka Nakaya and Shigeki Kato and Tomoko Shimizu and Tsuyoshi Tahara and Mika Shigeta and Michiko Inoue and Kazunari Miyamichi and Natsuki Matsushita and Tomoji Mashimo and Yoshiki Miyasaka and Yi Dai and Koichi Noguchi and Yasuyoshi Watanabe and Masayuki Kobayashi and Kazuto Kobayashi and Yilong Cui}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8494}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp8494}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Opioidergic activation of the descending pain inhibitory system underlies placebo analgesia}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Separation and recycling of hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant mixtures with fluoropolymer-coated hollow fiber membranes. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp7414. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Many hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants used in air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment are being phased out based on international restrictions to reduce global warming. Over 1 billion kilograms of hydrofluorocarbons are in use, and recycling is imperative to preventing the release of these greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. We report on composite hollow fiber membranes that can efficiently separate a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane that is used worldwide in air conditioners. Selective hollow fiber membranes have been fabricated with a single submicrometer coating of a copolymer of 70 mol % perfluoro(butenyl vinyl ether) and 30 mol % perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole) that separates the azeotropic mixture into a permeate stream with a difluoromethane purity of >95 mol %. Rather than incinerating these valuable materials, this technology can be used to recycle nonregulated difluoromethane for future products and recover pentafluoroethane for use as a chemical feedstock, creating a circular economy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Abby N. Harders and Luke Wallisch and Michael D. Lundin and Chloe Le and Gabrielle Zaher and Ed Atchison and Whitney White and Mark B. Shiflett}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7414}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp7414}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Separation and recycling of hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant mixtures with fluoropolymer-coated hollow fiber membranes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A highly magnetized long-period radio transient exhibiting unusual emission features. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp6351. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Long-period radio transients are a new class of astrophysical objects that exhibit periodic radio emission on timescales of tens of minutes. Their true nature remains unknown; possibilities include magnetic white dwarfs, binary systems, or long-period magnetars; the latter class is predicted to produce fast radio bursts (FRBs). Using the MeerKAT radio telescope, we conducted follow-up observations of the long-period radio transient GPM J1839-10. Here we report that the source exhibits a wide range of unusual emission properties, including polarization characteristics indicative of magnetospheric origin, linear-to-circular polarization conversion, and drifting substructures closely resembling those observed in repeating FRBs. These radio characteristics provide evidence in support of the long-period magnetar model and suggest a possible connection between long-period radio transients, magnetars, and FRBs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunpeng Men and Sam McSweeney and Natasha Hurley-Walker and Ewan Barr and Ben Stappers}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp6351}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp6351}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A highly magnetized long-period radio transient exhibiting unusual emission features}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Insights on the evolution and adaptation toward high-altitude and cold environments in the snow leopard lineage. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp5243. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {How snow leopard gradually adapted to the extreme environments in Tibet remains unexplored due to the scanty fossil record in Tibet. Here, we recognize five valid outside-Tibet records of the snow leopard lineage. Our results suggest that the snow leopard dispersed out of the Tibetan Plateau multiple times during the Quaternary. The osteological anatomy of the modern snow leopard shows adaptation to the steep slope and, to a lesser extent, cold/high-altitude environment. Fossils and phylogeny suggest that the snow leopard experienced a gradual strengthening of such adaptation, especially since the Middle Pleistocene (~0.8 million years). Species distribution modeling suggests that the locations of the fossil sites are not within most suitable area, and we argue that local landscape features are more influential factors than temperature and altitude alone. Our study underscores the importance of integrating morphology, fossil records, and species distribution modeling, to comprehensively understand the evolution, ecology, and inform conservation strategies for endangered species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Qigao Jiangzuo and Joan Madurell-Malapeira and Xinhai Li and Darío Estraviz-López and Octávio Mateus and Agnès Testu and Shijie Li and Shiqi Wang and Tao Deng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5243}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp5243}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Insights on the evolution and adaptation toward high-altitude and cold environments in the snow leopard lineage}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tracking bottom-fishing activities in protected vulnerable marine ecosystem areas and below 800-m depth in european union waters. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp4353. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Numerous studies have highlighted bottom-contact fishing gears as the primary threat to vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs). In November 2022, the European Commission closed 87 VME protection polygons to bottom fishing in European waters. Using public automatic identification system (AIS) data, we found an 81% decrease in bottom-contact fishing effort within these areas in the year following the closures. However, approximately 3500 hours of bottom-contact fishing persisted within the closures. We also quantified up to 17,600 hours of bottom-contact fishing in unprotected areas where VMEs are known or likely to occur. Last, our analysis revealed ongoing bottom trawling below 800 meters in European waters totaling 19,200 hours over 2 years. These findings underscore the urgent need for states to enhance surveillance and monitoring of their fleets to ensure effective fisheries management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lissette Victorero and Russell Moffitt and Natasha Mallet and Frédéric Le Manach}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp4353}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp4353}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tracking bottom-fishing activities in protected vulnerable marine ecosystem areas and below 800-m depth in european union waters}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dimensional engineering of interlayer for efficient large-area perovskite solar cells with high stability under ISOS-L-3 aging test. SCIADV, 11(3), eadp3112. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The utilization of low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) as interlayers on three-dimensional (3D) perovskites has been regarded as an efficient strategy to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells. Yet, the formation mechanism of LDPs and their impacts on the device performance remain elusive. Herein, we use dimensional engineering to facilitate the controllable growth of 1D and 2D structures on 3D perovskites. The differences of isomeric ligands in electrostatic potential distribution and steric effects for intermolecular forces contribute to different LDPs. The 1D structure facilitates charge transfer with favored channel orientation and energy level alignment. This approach enables perovskite solar modules (PSMs) using 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[ N , N -di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene to achieve an efficiency of 20.20% over 10 by 10 square centimeters (cm 2 ) and 22.05% over 6 by 6 cm 2 . In particular, a PSM (6 by 6 cm 2 ) using poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] maintains an initial efficiency of ~95% after 1000 hours under the rigorous ISOS-L-3 accelerated aging tests, marking a record for the highest stability of n-i-p structure modules.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yikai Yun and Qing Chang and Jinjian Yan and Yuanyuan Tian and Sijie Jiang and Wenjie Wei and Shaoqun Li and Yuzheng Guo and Jun Yin and Jing Li and Mengyu Chen and Kai Huang and Cheng Li and Rong Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3112}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadp3112}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dimensional engineering of interlayer for efficient large-area perovskite solar cells with high stability under ISOS-L-3 aging test}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A nanoparticle-based wireless deep brain stimulation system that reverses parkinson’s disease. SCIADV, 11(3), eado4927. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Deep brain stimulation technology enables the neural modulation with precise spatial control but requires permanent implantation of conduits. Here, we describe a photothermal wireless deep brain stimulation nanosystem capable of eliminating α-synuclein aggregates and restoring degenerated dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra to treat Parkinson’s disease. This nanosystem (ATB NPs) consists of gold nanoshell, an antibody against the heat-sensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid family member 1 (TRPV1), and β-synuclein (β-syn) peptides with a near infrared–responsive linker. ATB NPs by stereotactic injection target dopamine neurons expressing TRPV1 receptors in the substantia nigra. Upon pulsed near-infrared irradiation, ATB NPs, serving as nanoantennae, convert the light into heat, leading to calcium ion influx, depolarization, and action potentials in dopamine neurons through TRPV1 receptors. Simultaneously, β-synuclein peptides released from ATB NPs cooperate with chaperone-mediated autophagy initiated by heat shock protein, HSC70, to effectively eliminate α-synuclein fibrils in neurons. These orchestrated actions restored pathological dopamine neurons and locomotor behaviors of Parkinson’s disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junguang Wu and Xuejing Cui and Lin Bao and Guanyu Liu and Xiaoyu Wang and Chunying Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4927}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eado4927}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A nanoparticle-based wireless deep brain stimulation system that reverses parkinson’s disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biologically relevant integration of transcriptomics profiles from cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and clinical tumors using deep learning. SCIADV, 11(3), eadn5596. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cell lines and patient-derived xenografts are essential to cancer research; however, the results derived from such models often lack clinical translatability, as they do not fully recapitulate the complex cancer biology. Identifying preclinical models that sufficiently resemble the biological characteristics of clinical tumors across different cancers is critically important. Here, we developed MOBER, Multi-Origin Batch Effect Remover method, to simultaneously extract biologically meaningful embeddings while removing confounder information. Applying MOBER on 932 cancer cell lines, 434 patient-derived tumor xenografts, and 11,159 clinical tumors, we identified preclinical models with greatest transcriptional fidelity to clinical tumors and models that are transcriptionally unrepresentative of their respective clinical tumors. MOBER allows for transformation of transcriptional profiles of preclinical models to resemble the ones of clinical tumors and, therefore, can be used to improve the clinical translation of insights gained from preclinical models. MOBER is a versatile batch effect removal method applicable to diverse transcriptomic datasets, enabling integration of multiple datasets simultaneously.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Slavica Dimitrieva and Rens Janssens and Gang Li and Artur Szalata and Rajaraman Gopalakrishnan and Chintan Parmar and Audrey Kauffmann and Eric Y. Durand}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn5596}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadn5596}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biologically relevant integration of transcriptomics profiles from cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and clinical tumors using deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Hybrid coral reef restoration can be a cost-effective nature-based solution to provide protection to vulnerable coastal populations. SCIADV, 11(3), eadn4004. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coral reefs can mitigate flood damages by providing protection to tropical coastal communities whose populations are dense, growing fast, and have predominantly lower-middle income. This study provides the first fine-scale, regionally modeled valuations of how flood risk reductions associated with hybrid coral reef restoration could benefit people, property, and economic activity along Florida and Puerto Rico’s 1005 kilometers of reef-lined coasts. Restoration of up to 20% of the regions’ coral reefs could provide flood reduction benefits greater than costs. Reef habitats with the greatest benefits are shallow, nearshore, and fronting low-lying, vulnerable communities, which are often where reef impacts and loss are the greatest. Minorities, children, the elderly, and those below the poverty line could receive more than double the hazard risk reduction benefits of the overall population, demonstrating that reef restoration as a nature-based solution can have positive returns on investment economically and socially by providing protection to the most vulnerable people.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Curt D. Storlazzi and Borja G. Reguero and Kristen C. Alkins and James B. Shope and Camila Gaido-Lassarre and T. Shay Viehman and Michael W. Beck}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn4004}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadn4004}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Hybrid coral reef restoration can be a cost-effective nature-based solution to provide protection to vulnerable coastal populations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). SMARCA4 regulates the NK-mediated killing of senescent cells. SCIADV, 11(3), eadn2811. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Induction of senescence by chemotherapeutic agents arrests cancer cells and activates immune surveillance responses to contribute to therapy outcomes. In this investigation, we searched for ways to enhance the NK-mediated elimination of senescent cells. We used a staggered screen approach, first identifying siRNAs potentiating the secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines to later test for their ability to enhance NK-mediated killing of senescent cells. We identified that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SMARCA4 enhanced senescent cell elimination by NK cells. SMARCA4 expression is elevated during senescence and its inhibition derepresses repetitive elements, inducing the SASP via activation of cGAS/STING and MAVS/MDA5 pathways. Moreover, a PROTAC targeting SMARCA4 synergized with cisplatin to increase the infiltration of CD8 T cells and mature, activated NK cells in an immunocompetent model of ovarian cancer. Our results indicate that SMARCA4 inhibitors enhance NK-mediated surveillance of senescent cells and may represent senotherapeutic interventions for ovarian cancer.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Virinder Reen and Mariantonietta D’Ambrosio and Pia Pernille Søgaard and Katie Tyson and Bryony J. Leeke and Isabelle Clément and Isabel C. A. Dye and Joaquim Pombo and Adam Kuba and Yemin Lan and Joanna Burr and Ida C. Bomann and Maria Kalyva and Jodie Birch and Sanjay Khadayate and George Young and Diane Provencher and Anne-Marie Mes-Masson and Santiago Vernia and Nicholas McGranahan and Hugh J. M. Brady and Francis Rodier and Raffaella Nativio and Michelle Percharde and Iain A. McNeish and Jesús Gil}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn2811}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadn2811}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {SMARCA4 regulates the NK-mediated killing of senescent cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Central amygdala NPBWR1 neurons facilitate social novelty seeking and new social interactions. SCIADV, 11(3), eadn1335. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The formation of new social interactions is vital for social animals, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. We identified CeA Npbwr1 neurons, a population in central amygdala expressing neuropeptide B/W receptor-1 (NPBWR1), that play a critical role in these interactions. CeA Npbwr1 neurons were activated during encounters with unfamiliar, but not with familiar, mice. Manipulations of CeA Npbwr1 neurons showed that their excitation is essential for maintaining physical interactions with novel conspecifics. Activation of CeA Npbwr1 neurons alleviated social deficits induced by chronic social defeat stress, suggesting therapeutic potential. Conversely, overexpression of human NPBWR1 in CeA Npbwr1 neurons reduced activity of these neurons and impaired social interactions with unfamiliar mice. This effect was absent in a polymorphic variant of the human NPBWR1 gene (404A>T). These findings highlight how CeA Npbwr1 neurons promote social novelty seeking and reveal a complex interplay between NPBWR1 genetic variations and social behavior.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shingo Soya and Koji Toda and Katsuyasu Sakurai and Yoan Cherasse and Yuki C. Saito and Manabu Abe and Kenji Sakimura and Takeshi Sakurai}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1335}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadn1335}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Central amygdala NPBWR1 neurons facilitate social novelty seeking and new social interactions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Prior knowledge changes initial sensory processing in the human spinal cord. SCIADV, 11(3), eadl5602. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Prior knowledge changes how the brain processes sensory input. Whether knowledge influences initial sensory processing upstream of the brain, in the spinal cord, is unknown. Studying electric potentials recorded invasively and noninvasively from the human spinal cord at millisecond resolution, we find that the cord generates electric potentials at 600 hertz that are modulated by prior knowledge about the time of sensory input, as early as 13 to 16 milliseconds after stimulation. Our results reveal that already in the spinal cord, sensory processing is under top-down, cognitive control, and that 600-hertz signals, which have been identified as a macroscopic marker of population spiking in other regions of the nervous system, play a role in early, context-dependent sensory processing. The possibility to examine these signals noninvasively in humans opens up avenues for research into the physiology of the spinal cord and its interaction with the brain.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Max-Philipp Stenner and Cindy Márquez Nossa and Tino Zaehle and Elena Azañón and Hans-Jochen Heinze and Matthias Deliano and Lars Büntjen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl5602}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eadl5602}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Prior knowledge changes initial sensory processing in the human spinal cord}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Targeting TRPC channels for control of arthritis-induced bone erosion. SCIADV, 11(3), eabm9843. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Arthritis leads to bone erosion due to an imbalance between osteoclast and osteoblast function. Our prior investigations revealed that the Ca 2+ -selective ion channel, Orai1, is critical for osteoclast maturation. Here, we show that the small-molecule ELP-004 preferentially inhibits transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. While ELP-004 minimally affected physiological RANKL-induced osteoclast maturation in murine bone marrow– and spleen-derived myeloid cells (BMSMCs) and human PBMC-derived cells, it potently interfered with osteoclast maturation driven by TNFα or LTB4. The contribution of TRPC channels to osteoclastogenesis was examined using BMSMCs derived from TRPC4 −/− or TRPC(1–7) −/− mice, again revealing preferential interference with osteoclastogenesis driven by proinflammatory cytokines. ELP-004 also reduced bone erosion in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. These investigations reveal TRPC channels as critical mediators of inflammatory bone erosion and provide insight into the major target of ELP-004, a drug currently in preclinical testing as a therapeutic for inflammatory arthritis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Suravi Ray and Jamie L. McCall and Jin Bin Tian and Jaepyo Jeon and Aidan Douglas and Kendall Tyler and Siyao Liu and Kendyl Berry and Brady Nicewarner and Casey Hall and Klaus Groschner and Bernadett Bacsa and Werner Geldenhuys and Michael X. Zhu and Harry C. Blair and John B. Barnett and Jonathan Soboloff}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abm9843}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {eabm9843}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Targeting TRPC channels for control of arthritis-induced bone erosion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-performance ternary logic circuits and neural networks based on carbon nanotube source-gating transistors. SCIADV, 11(2), eadt1909. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multi-valued logics (MVLs) offer higher information density, reduced circuit and interconnect complexity, lower power dissipation, and faster speed over conventional binary logic system. Recent advancement in MVL research, particularly with emerging low-dimensional materials, suggests that breakthroughs may be imminent if multistates transistors can be fabricated controllably for large-scale integration. Here, a concept of source-gating transistors (SGTs) is developed and realized using carbon nanotubes (CNTs). By extending the source electrode into the channel of conventional CNT transistors, a controllable p-n homojunction is formed, allowing CNT-SGTs to reliably switch between three distinct states. Capitalizing on the straightforward fabrication process of CNT-SGTs, ternary inverters, NMIN and NMAX logic gates, ternary SRAM cells, and a ternary neural network achieving 100% image classification accuracy have been successfully implemented. This study represents the most advanced and highest-performing ternary circuits realized with low-dimensional materials to date. This progress highlights the potential of CNT-SGTs in driving the future of MVL architectures.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuehao Zhu and Meiqi Xi and Jianyu Wang and Panpan Zhang and Yi Li and Xiao Luo and Lan Bai and Xingxing Chen and Lian-mao Peng and Yu Cao and Qiliang Li and Xuelei Liang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1909}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadt1909}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-performance ternary logic circuits and neural networks based on carbon nanotube source-gating transistors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large stroke radially oriented MXene composite fiber tensile artificial muscles. SCIADV, 11(2), eadt1560. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Actuation is normally dramatically enhanced by introducing so much yarn fiber twist that the fiber becomes fully coiled. In contrast, we found that usefully high muscle strokes and contractile work capacities can be obtained for non-twisted MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) fibers comprising MXene nanosheets that are stacked in the fiber direction. The MXene fiber artificial muscles are called MFAMs. We obtained MFAMs that have high modulus in both the radial and axial directions by spinning a solution containing MXene nanosheets dispersed in an aqueous cellulose solution. We observed a highly reversible muscle contraction of 21.0% for a temperature increase from 25° to 125°C. The tensile actuation of MFAMs mainly results from reversible hydrogen bond orientation change during heating, which decreases intra-sheet spacing. The MFAMs exhibited fast, stable actuation to multiple temperature-generating stimuli, which increases their applications in smart textiles, robotic arms, and robotic grippers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Junsong Fu and Yuchen Li and Tianzhu Zhou and Shaoli Fang and Mengmeng Zhang and Yanlei Wang and Kun Li and Wangwei Lian and Lei Wei and Ray H. Baughman and Qunfeng Cheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt1560}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadt1560}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large stroke radially oriented MXene composite fiber tensile artificial muscles}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Blocking the isoflavone chemoreceptor in phytophthora sojae to prevent disease. SCIADV, 11(2), eadt0925. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Inhibiting pathogen chemotaxis is a promising strategy for reducing disease pressure. However, this strategy is currently in the proof-of-concept stage. Here, Phytophthora sojae was used as a model, as its biflagellated zoospores could sense genistein, a soybean root exudate, to navigate host and initiate infection. We identify P. sojae IRK1 (isoflavone-insensitive receptor kinase 1) as a receptor for genistein, with PsIRK2 functioning as a coreceptor that enhances the binding affinity of PsIRK1 to genistein and regulates chemotaxis by phosphorylating G protein α subunit. Last, we identify an antagonist, esculetin, which disrupts the PsIRK1-genistein interaction, thereby preventing P. sojae infection by repelling zoospores. Our findings reveal the mechanism by which P. sojae senses host genistein and demonstrate a strategy for disease prevention by targeting the chemoreceptor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peiyun Ji and Yazhou Bao and Hao Zhou and Yong Pei and Wen Song and Kangmiao Ou and Zijin Qiao and Jierui Si and Zengtao Zhong and Xia Xu and Tao Huang and Danyu Shen and Zhiyuan Yin and Daolong Dou}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt0925}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadt0925}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Blocking the isoflavone chemoreceptor in phytophthora sojae to prevent disease}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large enhancement of ferroelectric properties of perovskite oxides via nitrogen incorporation. SCIADV, 11(2), eads8830. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Perovskite oxides have a wide variety of physical properties that make them promising candidates for versatile technological applications including nonvolatile memory and logic devices. Chemical tuning of those properties has been achieved, to the greatest extent, by cation-site substitution, while anion substitution is much less explored due to the difficulty in synthesizing high-quality, mixed-anion compounds. Here, nitrogen-incorporated BaTiO 3 thin films have been synthesized by reactive pulsed-laser deposition in a nitrogen growth atmosphere. The enhanced hybridization between titanium and nitrogen induces a large ferroelectric polarization of 70 μC/cm 2 and high Curie temperature of ~1213 K, which are ~2.8 times larger and ~810 K higher than in bulk BaTiO 3 , respectively. These results suggest great potential for anion-substituted perovskite oxides in producing emergent functionalities and device applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Tao Wang and Fenghui Gong and Xue Ma and Shen Pan and Xian-Kui Wei and Changyang Kuo and Suguru Yoshida and Yu-Chieh Ku and Shuai Wang and Zhenni Yang and Sankalpa Hazra and Kelvin H. L. Zhang and Xingjun Liu and Yunlong Tang and Yin-Lian Zhu and Chun-Fu Chang and Sujit Das and Xiuliang Ma and Lang Chen and Bin Xu and Venkatraman Gopalan and Laurent Bellaiche and Lane W. Martin and Zuhuang Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8830}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads8830}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large enhancement of ferroelectric properties of perovskite oxides via nitrogen incorporation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Non-adapted bacterial infection suppresses plant reproduction. SCIADV, 11(2), eads7738. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Environmental stressors, including pathogens, substantially affect the growth of host plants. However, how non-adapted bacteria influence nonhost plants has not been reported. Here, we reveal that infection of Arabidopsis flowers by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PXO99A, a bacterial pathogen causing rice blight disease, suppresses ovule initiation and reduces seed number without causing visible disease symptoms. TleB, secreted by the type VI secretion system (T6SS), interacts with plant E3 ligase PUB14 and disrupts the function of the PUB14-BZR1 module, leading to decreased ovule initiation and seed yield. On the other site, PUB14 concurrently promotes TleB’s degradation. Our findings indicate that bacterial infections in nonhost plants directly repress offspring production. The regulatory mechanism by effectors PUB14-BZR1 is widely present, suggesting that plants may balance reproduction and defense and produce fewer offspring to conserve resources, thus enabling them to remain in a standby mode prepared for enhanced resistance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing-Ting Yang and Zhi-Min Tan and Yu-Tong Jiang and Yu-Xuan Bai and Yan-Jie Zhang and Hong-Wei Xue and Tong-Da Xu and Tao Dong and Wen-Hui Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7738}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads7738}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Non-adapted bacterial infection suppresses plant reproduction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Beyond nature, nurture, and chance: Individual agency shapes divergent learning biographies and brain connectome. SCIADV, 11(2), eads7297. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Individual choices shape life course trajectories of brain structure and function beyond genes and environment. We hypothesized that individual task engagement in response to a learning program results in individualized learning biographies and connectomics. Genetically identical female mice living in one large shared enclosure freely engaged in self-paced, automatically administered and monitored learning tasks. We discovered growing and increasingly stable interindividual differences in learning trajectories. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and connectivity as assessed by a high-density multielectrode array positively correlated with the variation in exploration and learning efficiency. During some tasks, divergence transiently collapsed, highlighting the sustained significance of context for individualization. Thus, equal environments and equal genes do not result in equal learning biographies because life confronts individuals with choices that lead to divergent paths.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Warsha Barde and Jonas Renner and Brett Emery and Shahrukh Khanzada and Xin Hu and Alexander Garthe and Annette E. Rünker and Hayder Amin and Gerd Kempermann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7297}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads7297}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Beyond nature, nurture, and chance: Individual agency shapes divergent learning biographies and brain connectome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels. SCIADV, 11(2), eads6660. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Animals requiring purposeful movement for survival are endowed with mechanoreceptors, called proprioceptors, that provide essential sensory feedback from muscles and joints to spinal cord circuits, which modulates motor output. Despite the essential nature of proprioceptive signaling in daily life, the mechanisms governing proprioceptor activity are poorly understood. Here, we identified nonredundant roles for two voltage-gated sodium channels (Na V s), Na V 1.1 and Na V 1.6, in mammalian proprioception. Deletion of Na V 1.6 in somatosensory neurons (Na V 1.6 cKO mice) causes severe motor deficits accompanied by loss of proprioceptive transmission, which contrasts with our previous findings using similar mouse models to target Na V 1.1 (Na V 1.1 cKO ). In Na V 1.6 cKO animals, we observed impairments in proprioceptor end-organ structure and a marked reduction in skeletal muscle myofiber size that were absent in Na V 1.1 cKO mice. We attribute the differential contributions of Na V 1.1 and Na V 1.6 to distinct cellular localization patterns. Collectively, we provide evidence that Na V s uniquely shape neural signaling within a somatosensory modality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cyrrus M. Espino and Chetan Nagaraja and Serena Ortiz and Jacquelyn R. Dayton and Akash R. Murali and Yanki Ma and Emari L. Mann and Snigdha Garlapalli and Ross P. Wohlgemuth and Sarah E. Brashear and Lucas R. Smith and Katherine A. Wilkinson and Theanne N. Griffith}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6660}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads6660}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Infection-induced lysine lactylation enables herpesvirus immune evasion. SCIADV, 11(2), eads6215. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of many viral infections, leading to substantial accumulation of lactate. However, the regulatory roles of lactate during viral infections remain poorly understood. Here, we report that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection leverages lactate to induce widespread protein lactylation and promote viral spread. We establish that lactyllysine is enriched in intrinsically disordered regions, regulating viral protein condensates and immune signaling transduction. Dynamic lactylation of immune factors suppresses immunity, a feature we show to be shared for HCMV and herpes simplex virus 1 infections, through regulation of RNA binding protein 14 and interferon-γ–inducible protein 16 (IFI16). K90 lactylation of the viral DNA sensor IFI16 inhibits recruitment of the DNA damage response kinase DNA-PK, preventing IFI16-driven virus gene repression and cytokine induction. Together, we characterize global protein lactylation dynamics during virus infection, finding that virus-induced lactate contributes to its immune evasion through direct inhibition of immune signaling pathways.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew D. Tyl and Victoria U. Merengwa and Ileana M. Cristea}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6215}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads6215}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Infection-induced lysine lactylation enables herpesvirus immune evasion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Noncanonical UPR factor CREB3L2 drives immune evasion of triple-negative breast cancer through hedgehog pathway modulation in t cells. SCIADV, 11(2), eads5434. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway is crucial for tumorigenesis, mainly by regulating cancer cell stress responses and survival. However, whether UPR factors facilitate cell-cell communication between cancer cells and immune cells to drive cancer progression remains unclear. We found that adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate response element–binding protein 3–like protein 2 (CREB3L2), a noncanonical UPR factor, is overexpressed and activated in triple-negative breast cancer, where its cleavage releases a C-terminal fragment that activates the Hedgehog pathway in neighboring CD8+ T cells. The enhanced Hedgehog pathway represses CD8+ T cell activation and inhibits its cytotoxic effects. Consequently, overexpression of CREB3L2 not only promotes tumor growth but also causes resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway impedes the growth of CREB3L2-overexpressed tumors and sensitizes them to ICB therapy. In summary, we identified a previously unidentified mechanism by which the UPR pathway dictates cross-talk between cancer cells and immune cells, providing important anticancer therapeutic opportunities.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zi-Jian Cao and Jia You and Yu-Meng Fan and Jia-Ying Yang and Jirui Sun and Xiuli Ma and Jinku Zhang and Zhongwu Li and Xiang Wang and Yu-Xiong Feng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5434}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads5434}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Noncanonical UPR factor CREB3L2 drives immune evasion of triple-negative breast cancer through hedgehog pathway modulation in t cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Correspondence between euler charges and nodal-line topology in euler semimetals. SCIADV, 11(2), eads5081. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Real multi-bandgap systems have non-abelian topological charges, with Euler semimetals being a prominent example characterized by real triple degeneracies (RTDs) in momentum space. These RTDs serve as “Weyl points” for real topological phases. Despite theoretical interest, experimental observations of RTDs have been lacking, and studies mainly focus on individual RTDs. Here, we experimentally demonstrate physical systems with multiple RTDs in crystals, analyzing the distribution of Euler charges and their global connectivity. Through Euler curvature fields, we reveal that type I RTDs have quantized point Euler charges, while type II RTDs show continuously distributed Euler charges along nodal lines. We discover a correspondence between the Euler number of RTDs and the abelian/non-abelian topological charges of nodal lines, extending the Poincaré-Hopf index theorem to Bloch fiber bundles and ensuring nodal line connectivity. In addition, we propose a “no-go” theorem for RTD systems, mandating the balance of positive and negative Euler charges within the Brillouin zone.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Wenwen Liu and Hanyu Wang and Biao Yang and Shuang Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5081}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads5081}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Correspondence between euler charges and nodal-line topology in euler semimetals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Thickness-dependent polaron crossover in tellurene. SCIADV, 11(2), eads4763. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Polarons, quasiparticles from electron-phonon coupling, are crucial for material properties including high-temperature superconductivity and colossal magnetoresistance. However, scarce studies have investigated polaron formation in low-dimensional materials with phonon polarity and electronic structure transitions. In this work, we studied polarons of tellurene, composed of chiral Te chains. The frequency and linewidth of the A 1 phonon, which becomes increasingly polar for thinner tellurene, change abruptly for thickness below 10 nanometers, where field-effect mobility drops rapidly. These phonon and transport signatures, combined with phonon polarity and band structure, suggest a crossover from large polarons in bulk tellurium to small polarons in few-layer tellurene. Effective field theory considering phonon renormalization in the small-polaron regime semiquantitatively reproduces the phonon hardening and broadening effects. This polaron crossover stems from the quasi–one-dimensional nature of tellurene, where modulation of interchain distance reduces dielectric screening and promotes electron-phonon coupling. Our work provides valuable insights into the influence of polarons on phononic, electronic, and structural properties in low-dimensional materials.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kunyan Zhang and Chuliang Fu and Shelly Kelly and Liangbo Liang and Seoung-Hun Kang and Jing Jiang and Ruifang Zhang and Yixiu Wang and Gang Wan and Phum Siriviboon and Mina Yoon and Peide D. Ye and Wenzhuo Wu and Mingda Li and Shengxi Huang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4763}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads4763}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Thickness-dependent polaron crossover in tellurene}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Metal-organic frameworks as thermocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide generation and environmental antibacterial applications. SCIADV, 11(2), eads4711. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive, making them useful for environmental and health applications. Traditionally, photocatalysts and piezocatalysts have been used to generate ROS, but their utilization is limited by various environmental and physical constraints. This study introduces metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as modern thermocatalysts efficiently producing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) from small temperature differences. Temperature fluctuations, abundant in daily life, offer tremendous potential for practical thermocatalytic applications. As proof of concept, MOF materials coated onto carbon fiber fabric (MOF@CFF) created a thermocatalytic antibacterial filter. The study compared three different MOFs (CuBDC, MOF-303, and ZIF-8) with bismuth telluride (Bi 2 Te 3 ), a known thermocatalytic material. ZIF-8 demonstrated superior H 2 O 2 generation under low-temperature differences, achieving 96% antibacterial activity through temperature variation cycles. This work advances potential in thermoelectric applications of MOFs, enabling real-time purification and disinfection through H 2 O 2 generation. The findings open interdisciplinary avenues for leveraging thermoelectric effects in catalysis and various technologies.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Arnab Pal and Sreerag Suresh and Arshad Khan and Li Huai Kuo and Li Tang Chi and Anindita Ganguly and Chih-Yao Kao and Manish Kumar Sharma and Tsung-Shing Andrew Wang and Dun-Yen Kang and Zong-Hong Lin}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4711}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads4711}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Metal-organic frameworks as thermocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide generation and environmental antibacterial applications}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Eight-electron Pt/Cu superatom encapsulating three “electron-donating” hydrides. SCIADV, 11(2), eads4488. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hydrides in metal complexes or nanoclusters are typically viewed as electron-withdrawing. Several recent reports have demonstrated the emergence of “electron-donating” hydrides in tailoring the structure, electronic structure, and reactivity of metal nanoclusters. However, the number of such hydrides included in each cluster kernel is limited to one or two. There is even no structure model, neither theoretical nor experimental, for encapsulating a third electron-donating hydride into one cluster entity. Here, we present a structurally precise superatomic nanocluster, PtH 3 Cu 23 (iso-propyl-PhS) 18 (PPh 3 ) 4 (PtH 3 Cu 23 ), which contains three interstitial electron-donating hydrides. The molecular structure of PtH 3 Cu 23 describes the encapsulation of a PtCu 12 core that contains three interstitial hydrides in a distorted anticuboctahedral architecture, in an outer sphere consisting of copper atoms and thiolate and phosphine ligands. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the three hydrides in PtH 3 Cu 23 contribute their valence electrons to the cluster superatomic electron count of eight. In this regard, the cluster represents a rare Pt-included copper-hydride superatom with eight free electrons.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ayisha He and Dongjie Zuo and Guangmei Jiang and Xiongkai Tang and Lin Wang and Liubin Feng and Zaiwang Zhao and Jianyu Wei and Nanfeng Zheng and Hui Shen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4488}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads4488}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Eight-electron Pt/Cu superatom encapsulating three “electron-donating” hydrides}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Disorder-order transition–induced unusual bandgap bowing effect of tin-lead mixed perovskites. SCIADV, 11(2), eads4038. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Owing to the predominant merit of tunable bandgaps, tin-lead mixed perovskites have shown great potentials in realizing near-infrared optoelectronics and are receiving increasing attention. However, despite the merit, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding of the bandgap variation as a function of Sn/Pb ratio, mainly because the films are easy to segregate in terms of both composition and phase. Here, we report a fully stoichiometric synthesis of monocrystalline FAPb 1− x Sn x I 3 nanocrystals as well as their atomic-scale imaging. On the basis of the systematic measurements of the monocrystalline materials, strain and Coulomb interaction–induced atomic ordering was revealed to be responsible for the unusual discontinuous bandgap jumping near x = 0.5 from the expected bowing effect. As a result, both FAPb 0.6 Sn 0.4 I 3 and FAPb 0.4 Sn 0.6 I 3 have the lowest bandgaps of around 1.27 electron volts, while that of FAPb 0.5 Sn 0.5 I 3 is 1.33 electron volts. Correspondingly, their based light-emitting diodes can emit infrared lights with the wavelengths reaching 930 nanometers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Han Gao and Dong He and Zehua Chen and Peili Gao and Dongsheng He and Zhaoning Li and Xusheng Zhang and Jingwei Xiu and Qiang Sun and Shuming Chen and Su-Huai Wei and Shu-Hong Yu and Zhubing He}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads4038}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads4038}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Disorder-order transition–induced unusual bandgap bowing effect of tin-lead mixed perovskites}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Laws about bodily damage originate from shared intuitions about the value of body parts. SCIADV, 11(2), eads3688. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {From the biblical lex talionis to the medieval wergild system and modern workers’ compensation laws, laws about bodily damage may originate from cognitive mechanisms that capitalize on an enduring regularity: Different body parts vary in their incremental contributions to human functionality. To evaluate this hypothesis, we conducted a preregistered study with materials based on five legal codes from highly diverse cultures and historical eras: the Law of Æthelberht (Kent, approximately 600 CE), the Guta lag (Gotland, approximately 1220 CE), and workers’ compensation laws from the United States, the Republic of Korea, and the United Arab Emirates; and 614 laypeople from the United States and India. The data indicate ordinal agreement in the values attached to body parts by ancient and modern lawmakers, as well as by laypeople in the United States and India. The observed agreement across time, space, and levels of legal expertise suggests that laws about bodily damage originate from shared intuitions about the value of body parts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunsuh Nike Wee and Daniel Sznycer and Jaimie Arona Krems}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3688}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads3688}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Laws about bodily damage originate from shared intuitions about the value of body parts}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Flap endonuclease 1 repairs DNA-protein cross-links via ADP-ribosylation–dependent mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(2), eads2919. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) are among the most detrimental genomic lesions. They are ubiquitously produced by formaldehyde (FA), and failure to repair FA-induced DPCs blocks chromatin-based processes, leading to neurodegeneration and cancer. The type, structure, and repair of FA-induced DPCs remain largely unknown. Here, we profiled the proteome of FA-induced DPCs and found that flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) resolves FA-induced DPCs. We revealed that FA also damages DNA bases adjoining the DPCs, leading to DPC-conjugated 5′ flap structures via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. We also found that FEN1 repairs enzymatic topoisomerase II (TOP2)–DPCs. Furthermore, we report that both FA-induced and TOP2-DPCs are adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). PARylation of the DPCs in association with FEN1 PARylation at residue E285 is required for the recruitment of FEN1. Our work unveils the identity of proteins forming FA-induced DPCs and a previously unrecognized PARP1-FEN1 nuclease pathway repairing both FA- and TOP2-DPCs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yilun Sun and Lisa M. Jenkins and Lara H. El Touny and Linying Zhu and Xi Yang and Ukhyun Jo and Lauren Escobedo and Tapan K. Maity and Liton Kumar Saha and Isabel Uribe and Sourav Saha and Shunichi Takeda and Anthony K. L. Leung and Ken Cheng and Yves Pommier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2919}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads2919}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Flap endonuclease 1 repairs DNA-protein cross-links via ADP-ribosylation–dependent mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Virtual gram staining of label-free bacteria using dark-field microscopy and deep learning. SCIADV, 11(2), eads2757. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gram staining has been a frequently used staining protocol in microbiology. It is vulnerable to staining artifacts due to, e.g., operator errors and chemical variations. Here, we introduce virtual Gram staining of label-free bacteria using a trained neural network that digitally transforms dark-field images of unstained bacteria into their Gram-stained equivalents matching bright-field image contrast. After a one-time training, the virtual Gram staining model processes an axial stack of dark-field microscopy images of label-free bacteria (never seen before) to rapidly generate Gram staining, bypassing several chemical steps involved in the conventional staining process. We demonstrated the success of virtual Gram staining on label-free bacteria samples containing Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua by quantifying the staining accuracy of the model and comparing the chromatic and morphological features of the virtually stained bacteria against their chemically stained counterparts. This virtual bacterial staining framework bypasses the traditional Gram staining protocol and its challenges, including stain standardization, operator errors, and sensitivity to chemical variations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Çağatay Işıl and Hatice Ceylan Koydemir and Merve Eryilmaz and Kevin de Haan and Nir Pillar and Koray Mentesoglu and Aras Firat Unal and Yair Rivenson and Sukantha Chandrasekaran and Omai B. Garner and Aydogan Ozcan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2757}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads2757}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Virtual gram staining of label-free bacteria using dark-field microscopy and deep learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Small-molecule organic ice microfibers. SCIADV, 11(2), eads2538. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Small organic molecules are essential building blocks of our universe, from cosmic dust to planetary surfaces to life. Compared to their well-known gaseous and liquid forms that have been extensively studied, small organic molecules in the form of ice at low temperatures receive much less attention. Here, we show that supercooled small-molecule droplets can be drawn into highly uniform amorphous ice microfibers with lengths up to 5 cm and diameters down to 200 nm. In the experimental test, these fiber-like ices manifest excellent mechanical flexibilities with elastic strain up to 3.3%. Meanwhile, they can guide light with loss down to 0.025 dB/cm that approaches the material absorption limit and offer high optical nonlinearity for low-threshold supercontinuum generation. Notable temperature-dependent Young’s modulus and icing-induced refractive-index increase are also found. These results may open a promising category of low-temperature materials for both scientific research and technological applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bowen Cui and Peizhen Xu and Kailong Fan and Yuqi Zhen and Xiangzheng Li and Rusi Lu and Pan Wang and Xin Guo and Limin Tong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2538}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads2538}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Small-molecule organic ice microfibers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Optical control of spin waves in hybrid magnonic-plasmonic structures. SCIADV, 11(2), eads2420. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnonics, which harnesses the unique properties of spin waves, offers promising advancements in data processing due to its broad frequency range, nonlinear dynamics, and scalability for on-chip integration. Effective information encoding in magnonic systems requires precise spatial and temporal control of spin waves. Here, we demonstrate the rapid optical control of spin-wave transport in hybrid magnonic-plasmonic structures. By using thermoplasmonic heating in yttrium iron garnet films integrated with gold nanodisk arrays, we achieve a suppression of spin-wave signals by 20 dB using single laser pulses lasting just a few hundred nanoseconds. Our results reveal a strong correlation between plasmonic light absorption and spin-wave manipulation, as supported by micromagnetic simulations that emphasize the crucial role of magnonic refraction. This study establishes thermoplasmonics as a powerful tool for controlling spin-wave propagation, bridging the fields of magnonics and plasmonics, and paving the way for the development of multifunctional hybrid magnonic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nikolai Kuznetsov and Huajun Qin and Lukáš Flajšman and Sebastiaan van Dijken}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2420}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads2420}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Optical control of spin waves in hybrid magnonic-plasmonic structures}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). In situ structural-functional synchronous dissection of dynamic neuromuscular system via an integrated multimodal wearable patch. SCIADV, 11(2), eads1486. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Neuromuscular abnormality is the leading cause of disability in adults. Understanding the complex interplay between muscle structure and function is crucial for effective treatment and rehabilitation. However, the substantial deformation of muscles during movement (up to 40%) poses challenges for accurate assessment. To address this, we developed a wearable structural-functional sensing patch (WSFP) that enables synchronous analysis of muscle structure and function. The WSFP incorporates a soft, stretchable electrode array for high-performance electrophysiological monitoring with low contact impedance and high stability. Its innovative design absorbs skin deformation stress, ensuring stable adhesion of a flexible ultrasound transducer array, offering higher-fidelity imaging. With dynamic tissue imaging, it allows real-time visualization of muscle structure. The WSFP achieves superior accuracy in dynamic action recognition and disease assessment compared to single-modal methods, maintaining stable operation during motion for up to 72 hours. This study advances neuromuscular system analysis and improves diagnostic precision.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hang Zhao and Weicen Chen and Yuanheng Li and Hailiang Wang and Hanfei Li and Tengfei Li and Fei Han and Jing Sun and Laixin Huang and Xinhao Peng and Jianzhong Chen and Yihang Yang and Xin Qiu and Yan Liu and Huan Yu and Wen Hou and Qingsong Li and Guibing Fu and Chao You and Xijian Liu and Fei Li and Xiangxin Li and Guoru Zhao and Lin Wang and Peng Fang and Guanglin Li and Hairong Zheng and Meifang Zhu and Wei Yan and Qiong Tian and Teng Ma and Zhiyuan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1486}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads1486}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {In situ structural-functional synchronous dissection of dynamic neuromuscular system via an integrated multimodal wearable patch}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Role of the stratosphere in the global mercury cycle. SCIADV, 11(2), eads1459. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant with substantial risks to human and ecosystem health. By upward transport in tropical regions, mercury enters into the stratosphere, but the contribution of the stratosphere to global mercury dispersion and deposition remains unknown. We find that between 5 and 50% (passing through the 400-kelvin isentropic surface and tropopause, respectively) of the mercury mass deposited on Earth’s surface is chemically processed in the lower stratosphere. Our results show the stratosphere as a unique chemical environment where elemental mercury is efficiently converted to long-lived oxidized species. Subsequent downward transport contributes substantially to the oxidized mercury burden in the troposphere. The results show that the stratosphere facilitates the global dispersion of large amounts of mercury from polluted source regions to Earth’s remote environments. We find that stratospheric transport is as important as tropospheric transport in interhemispheric mercury dispersion. Future projections suggest that expected changes in atmospheric circulation will increase the transport of mercury into the stratosphere.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alfonso Saiz-Lopez and Carlos A. Cuevas and A. Ulises Acuña and Juan A. Añel and Anoop S. Mahajan and Laura de la Torre and Wuhu Feng and Juan Z. Dávalos and Daniel Roca-Sanjuán and Douglas E. Kinnison and Javier Carmona-García and Rafael P. Fernandez and Qinyi Li and Jeroen E. Sonke and Aryeh Feinberg and Juan Carlos Gómez Martín and Julián Villamayor and Peng Zhang and Yanxu Zhang and Christopher S. Blaszczak-Boxe and Oleg Travnikov and Feiyue Wang and Johannes Bieser and Joseph S. Francisco and John M. C. Plane}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads1459}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eads1459}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Role of the stratosphere in the global mercury cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A DNA origami–based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor for chemodynamic cancer therapy and activation of antitumor immunity. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr9196. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising and potent therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. We developed a DNA origami–based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor (DOECN) containing spatially well-organized Au nanoparticles and ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) nanoclusters for targeted delivery and inhibition of tumor cell growth. The DOECN can synergistically promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), consumption of glutathione, and creation of an acidic environment, thereby amplifying the Fenton-type reaction and producing abundant reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), for augmenting the CDT outcome. The DOECN is decorated with targeting groups to achieve efficient cellular uptake and efficiently induce tumor cell apoptosis, ferroptosis, and immunogenetic cell death, thus realizing potent anticancer therapeutic effects. Intravenous injection of the DOECN effectively promoted the maturation of dendritic cells, triggered adaptive T cell responses, and suppressed tumor growth in a murine cancer model. The DOECN provides a programmable platform for the integration of multiple therapeutic components, showing great potential for combined cancer therapy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yunfei Jiao and Haiyan Wang and Hong Wang and Yiming Xie and Yingxu Shang and Yushuai Wu and Xinqing Guo and Shuhui Yu and Na Li and Baoquan Ding}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr9196}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr9196}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A DNA origami–based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor for chemodynamic cancer therapy and activation of antitumor immunity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Continuous-wave perovskite polariton lasers. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr8826. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Solution-processed semiconductor lasers are next-generation light sources for large-scale, bio-compatible and integrated photonics. However, overcoming their performance-cost trade-off to rival III-V laser functionalities is a long-standing challenge. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature continuous-wave perovskite polariton lasers exhibiting remarkably low thresholds of ~0.4 W cm −2 , enabled by a variable single-crystal perovskite microcavity. The threshold outperforms state-of-the-art III-V lasers by ~30 times under optical pumping, and is exceptional among solution-processed lasers. The ultralow-threshold lasing arises from steady-state exciton-polariton condensation, a macroscopic quantum phenomenon akin to Bose-Einstein condensation. The steady-state condensation is attained by fine-tuning the cavity photon-exciton energy separation near the degeneracy point for strong light-matter interactions. These mechanisms enabled the initial demonstration of an indirectly injected perovskite laser chip powered by a gallium nitride light-emitting diode. Our findings create exciting avenues toward on-chip integration of solution-processed lasers, opening opportunities for lasing with ultralow energy consumption and unprecedented performance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chen Zou and Xuhui Cao and Zixiang Wang and Yichen Yang and Yaxiao Lian and Baodan Zhao and Dawei Di}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8826}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr8826}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Continuous-wave perovskite polariton lasers}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cpeb1 remodels cell type–specific translational program to promote fear extinction. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr8687. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protein translation is crucial for fear extinction, a process vital for adaptive behavior and mental health, yet the underlying cell-specific mechanisms remain elusive. Using a Tet-On 3G genetic approach, we achieved precise temporal control over protein translation in the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex ( IL ) during fear extinction. In addition, our results reveal that the disruption of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (Cpeb1) leads to notable alterations in cell type–specific translational programs, thereby affecting fear extinction. Specifically, Cpeb1 deficiency in neurons activates the translation of heterochromatin protein 1 binding protein 3, which enhances microRNA networks, whereas in microglia, it suppresses the translation of chemokine receptor 1 ( Cx3cr1 ), resulting in an aged-like microglial phenotype. These coordinated alterations impair spine formation and plasticity. Our study highlights the critical role of cell type–specific protein translation in fear extinction and provides an insight into therapeutic targets for disorders with extinction deficits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Juan Zhang and Chun-Qing Yang and Zhi-Qiang Liu and Shi-Ping Wu and Zu-Guang Li and Luo-Man Zhang and Hong-Wei Fan and Zi-Yuan Guo and Heng-Ye Man and Xiang Li and You-Ming Lu and Ling-Qiang Zhu and Dan Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8687}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr8687}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cpeb1 remodels cell type–specific translational program to promote fear extinction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Crossing exceptional points in non-hermitian quantum systems. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr8275. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Exceptional points facilitate peculiar dynamics in non-Hermitian systems. Yet, in photonics, they have mainly been studied in the classical realm. In this work, we reveal the behavior of two-photon quantum states in non-Hermitian systems across the exceptional point. We probe the lossy directional coupler with an indistinguishable two-photon input state and observe distinct changes of the quantum correlations at the output as the system undergoes spontaneous breaking of parity-time symmetry. Moreover, we demonstrate a switching in the quantum interference of photons directly at the exceptional point, where Hong-Ou-Mandel dips are transformed into peaks by a change of basis. These results show that quantum interference and exceptional points are linked in curious ways that can now be further explored.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Friederike U. J. Klauck and Matthias Heinrich and Alexander Szameit and Tom A. W. Wolterink}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8275}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr8275}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Crossing exceptional points in non-hermitian quantum systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Lattice-guided growth of dense arrays of aligned transition metal dichalcogenide nanoribbons with high catalytic reactivity. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr8046. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit unique properties and potential applications when reduced to one-dimensional (1D) nanoribbons (NRs), owing to quantum confinement and high edge densities. However, effective growth methods for self-aligned TMD NRs are still lacking. We demonstrate a versatile approach for lattice-guided growth of dense, aligned MoS 2 NR arrays via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on anisotropic sapphire substrates, without tailored surface steps. This method enables the synthesis of NRs with widths below 10 nanometers and longitudinal axis parallel to the zigzag direction, being also extensible to the growth of WS 2 NRs and MoS 2 -WS 2 heteronanoribbons. Growth is influenced by both substrate and CVD temperature, indicating the role of anisotropic precursor diffusion and substrate interaction. The 1D nature of the NRs was asserted by the observation of Coulomb blockade at low temperatures. Pronounced catalytic activity was observed at the edges of the NRs, indicating their promise for efficient catalysis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zongpeng Ma and Pablo Solís-Fernández and Kaito Hirata and Yung-Chang Lin and Keisuke Shinokita and Mina Maruyama and Kota Honda and Tatsuki Kato and Aika Uchida and Hiroto Ogura and Tomohiro Otsuka and Masahiro Hara and Kazunari Matsuda and Kazu Suenaga and Susumu Okada and Toshiaki Kato and Yasufumi Takahashi and Hiroki Ago}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8046}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr8046}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Lattice-guided growth of dense arrays of aligned transition metal dichalcogenide nanoribbons with high catalytic reactivity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular basis for the stepwise and faithful maturation of the 20S proteasome. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr7943. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The proteasome degrades most superfluous and damaged proteins, and its decline is associated with many diseases. As the proteolytic unit, the 20 S proteasome is assembled from 28 subunits assisted by chaperones PAC1/2/3/4 and POMP; then, it undergoes the maturation process, in which the proteolytic sites are activated and the assembly chaperones are cleared. However, mechanisms governing the maturation remain elusive. Here, we captured endogenous maturation intermediates of human 20 S proteasome, which are low abundance and highly dynamic, and determined their structures by cryo–electron microscopy. Through structure-based functional studies, we identified the key switches that remodel and activate the proteolytic sites. Our results also revealed that the POMP degradation is tightly controlled by a dual-checking mechanism, while the α5 subunit senses POMP degradation to induce PAC1/2 release, achieving the full maturation. These findings elucidate mechanisms directing and safeguarding the proteasome maturation and set basis for building proteasomes to counteract the decline of protein degradation in aging and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yaoyao Han and Qian Han and Qianqian Tang and Yixiao Zhang and Kai Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7943}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr7943}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular basis for the stepwise and faithful maturation of the 20S proteasome}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Electrical signaling and coordinated behavior in the closest relative of animals. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr7434. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The transition from simple to complex multicellularity involves division of labor and specialization of cell types. In animals, complex sensory-motor systems are primarily built around specialized cells of muscles and neurons, though the evolutionary origins of these and their integration remain unclear. Here, to investigate sensory-behavior coupling in the closest relatives of animals, we established a line of the choanoflagellate, Salpingoeca rosetta, which stably expresses the calcium indicator RGECO1. Using this, we identify a previously unknown cellular behavior associated with electrical signaling, in which ciliary arrest is coupled with apical-basal contraction of the cell. This behavior and the associated calcium transients are synchronized in the multicellular state and result in coordinated ciliary arrest and colony-wide contraction, suggesting that information is spread among the cells. Our work reveals fundamental insights into how choanoflagellates sense and respond to their environment and enhances our understanding of the integration of cellular and organism-wide behavior in the closest protistan relatives of animals.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jeffrey Colgren and Pawel Burkhardt}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7434}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr7434}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Electrical signaling and coordinated behavior in the closest relative of animals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Subcycle modulation of light’s orbital angular momentum via a fourier space-time transformation. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr6678. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Achieving highly tailored control over both the spatial and temporal evolution of light’s orbital angular momentum (OAM) on ultrafast timescales remains a critical challenge in photonics. Here, we introduce a method to modulate the OAM of light on a femtosecond scale by engineering a space-time coupling in ultrashort pulses. By linking azimuthal position with time, we implement an azimuthally varying Fourier transformation to dynamically alter light’s spatial distribution in a fixed transverse plane. Our experiments demonstrate self-torqued wave packets that exhibit spiraling motions and rapid temporal OAM changes down to a few femtoseconds. We further extend this concept to generate angularly self-accelerating wave packets that adjust their OAM by redistributing their energy density across their spectral bandwidth, without external forces. The ability to tune the spatial-temporal properties of light on demand opens the possibility for exploring ultrafast light dynamics at fundamental timescales, with far-reaching implications for ultrafast spectroscopy, nano- and microstructure manipulation, condensed matter physics, and other related areas.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Michael de Oliveira and Antonio Ambrosio}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6678}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr6678}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Subcycle modulation of light’s orbital angular momentum via a fourier space-time transformation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A spatial code for temporal information is necessary for efficient sensory learning. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr6214. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The temporal structure of sensory inputs contains essential information for their interpretation. Sensory cortex represents these temporal cues through two codes: the temporal sequences of neuronal activity and the spatial patterns of neuronal firing rate. However, it is unknown which of these coexisting codes causally drives sensory decisions. To separate their contributions, we generated in the mouse auditory cortex optogenetically driven activity patterns differing exclusively along their temporal or spatial dimensions. Mice could rapidly learn to behaviorally discriminate spatial but not temporal patterns. Moreover, large-scale neuronal recordings across the auditory system revealed that the auditory cortex is the first region in which spatial patterns efficiently represent temporal cues on the timescale of several hundred milliseconds. This feature is shared by the deep layers of neural networks categorizing time-varying sounds. Therefore, the emergence of a spatial code for temporal sensory cues is a necessary condition to efficiently associate temporally structured stimuli with decisions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sophie Bagur and Jacques Bourg and Alexandre Kempf and Thibault Tarpin and Khalil Bergaoui and Yin Guo and Sebastian Ceballo and Joanna Schwenkgrub and Antonin Verdier and Jean Luc Puel and Jérôme Bourien and Brice Bathellier}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6214}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr6214}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A spatial code for temporal information is necessary for efficient sensory learning}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Harnessing spatiotemporal transformation in magnetic domains for nonvolatile physical reservoir computing. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr5262. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Combining physics with computational models is increasingly recognized for enhancing the performance and energy efficiency in neural networks. Physical reservoir computing uses material dynamics of physical substrates for temporal data processing. Despite the ease of training, building an efficient reservoir remains challenging. Here, we explore beyond the conventional delay-based reservoirs by exploiting the spatiotemporal transformation in all-electric spintronic devices. Our nonvolatile spintronic reservoir effectively transforms the history dependence of reservoir states to the path dependence of domains. We configure devices triggered by different pulse widths as neurons, creating a reservoir featured by strong nonlinearity and rich interconnections. Using a small reservoir of merely 14 physical nodes, we achieved a high recognition rate of 0.903 in written digit recognition and a low error rate of 0.076 in Mackey-Glass time series prediction on a proof-of-concept printed circuit board. This work presents a promising route of nonvolatile physical reservoir computing, which is adaptable to the larger memristor family and broader physical neural networks.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jing Zhou and Jikang Xu and Lisen Huang and Sherry Lee Koon Yap and Shaohai Chen and Xiaobing Yan and Sze Ter Lim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5262}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr5262}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Harnessing spatiotemporal transformation in magnetic domains for nonvolatile physical reservoir computing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Groundwater releases CO2 to diverse global coastal ecosystems. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr3240. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Coastal ecosystems play a major role in marine carbon budgets, but substantial uncertainties remain in the sources and fluxes of coastal carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Here, we assess when, where, and how submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) releases CO 2 to shallow coastal ecosystems. Time-series observations of dissolved CO 2 and radon ( 222 Rn, a natural groundwater tracer) across 40 coastal systems from 14 countries revealed large SGD-derived CO 2 fluxes. The mean groundwater partial pressure of CO 2 was 35 times higher than surface seawater. The mean SGD-derived CO 2 flux was 148 ± 226 millimoles per square meter per day (mmol m −2 day −1 ), resulting in a mean water-air CO 2 flux of 80 ± 133 mmol m −2 day −1 . Tidal rather than diel cycles drove CO 2 enrichment in most ecosystems. Tidally driven SGD was the primary CO 2 source in mangroves, salt marshes, tidal flats, estuaries, and canals. Overall, we expand current knowledge of marine carbon cycles by demonstrating SGD as an important source of CO 2 that requires inclusion in coastal carbon budgets.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aprajita S. Tomer and Tristan McKenzie and Claudia Majtényi-Hill and Alex Cabral and Yvonne Y. Y. Yau and Mitchell Call and Xiaogang Chen and Rogger E. Correa and Kay Davis and Luke Jeffrey and Mahmood Sadat-Noori and Douglas Tait and Jackie Webb and Damien T. Maher and Linnea Henriksson and Stefano Bonaglia and Shibin Zhao and M. Bayani Cardenas and Isaac R. Santos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3240}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr3240}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Groundwater releases CO2 to diverse global coastal ecosystems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tunable in-plane conductance anisotropy in 2D semiconductive AgCrP2S6 by ion-electron co-modulations. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr3105. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In-plane anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have gained much interest due to their anisotropic properties, which opens avenues in designing functional electronics. Currently reported in-plane anisotropic semiconductors mainly rely on crystal lattice anisotropy. Herein, AgCrP 2 S 6 (ACPS) is introduced as a promising member to the anisotropic 2D semiconductors, in which, both crystal structure and ion-electron co-modulations are used to achieve tunable in-plane conductance anisotropy. Scanning tunneling electron microscopy and polarized Raman spectroscopy show the structural anisotropy of ACPS. Electrical transport measurements show that its tunable in-plane conductance anisotropy is related to the ion-electron co-modulations, where Ag ion migration is anisotropic along a axis and b axis. Electrical transport measurements show the semiconducting properties of ACPS, as also supported by photoluminescence results. Moreover, the transfer curves of ACPS showcase large V g -related hysteresis, which is directionally controlled by anisotropic Ag ion migration. This work offers a possibility of using anisotropic charge transport in functional electronics by ion-electron co-modulations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yujie Sun and Rongjie Zhang and Junyang Tan and Shengfeng Zeng and Shengnan Li and Qiang Wei and Zhi-Yuan Zhang and Shilong Zhao and Xiaolong Zou and Bilu Liu and Hui-Ming Cheng}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr3105}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr3105}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tunable in-plane conductance anisotropy in 2D semiconductive AgCrP2S6 by ion-electron co-modulations}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Reduced circulating sphingolipids and CERS2 activity are linked to T2D risk and impaired insulin secretion. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr1725. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a transient form of diabetes that resolves postpartum, is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women. While the progression from GDM to T2D is not fully understood, it involves both genetic and environmental components. By integrating clinical, metabolomic, and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we identified associations between decreased sphingolipid biosynthesis and future T2D, in part through the rs267738 allele of the CERS2 gene in Hispanic women shortly after a GDM pregnancy. To understand the impact of the CERS2 gene and risk allele on glucose regulation, we examined whole-body Cers2 knockout and rs267738 knock-in mice. Both models exhibited glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion in vivo. Islets isolated from these models also demonstrated reduced β cell function, as shown by decreased insulin secretion ex vivo. Overall, reduced circulating sphingolipids may indicate a high risk of GDM-to-T2D progression and reflect deficits in CERS2 activity that negatively affect glucose homeostasis and β cell function.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Saifur R. Khan and Wenyue W. Ye and Julie A. D. Van and Ishnoor Singh and Yasmin Rabiee and Kaitlyn L. Rodricks and Xiangyu Zhang and Rebekah J. Nicholson and Babak Razani and Scott A. Summers and Anthony H. Futerman and Erica P. Gunderson and Michael B. Wheeler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1725}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr1725}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Reduced circulating sphingolipids and CERS2 activity are linked to T2D risk and impaired insulin secretion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Preservation and early evolution of scalidophoran ventral nerve cord. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr0896. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ecdysozoan worms (Nematoida + Scalidophora) are typified by disparate grades of neural organization reflecting a complex evolutionary history. The fossil record offers a unique opportunity to reconstruct the early character evolution of the nervous system via the exceptional preservation of extinct representatives. We focus on their nervous system as it appears in early and mid-Cambrian fossils. We show that some of the oldest known representatives of the group either preserved in carbonaceous compression (early and mid-Cambrian Burgess-type preservation) or secondarily phosphatized in three dimensions (e.g., basal Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation, ca. 535 million years) had an unpaired ventral nerve cord (VNC) that ran along the trunk in an eccentric position as in modern priapulids and nematodes. A phylogenetic analysis integrating these fossil data suggests that ancestral scalidophorans had an unpaired VNC and that paired nervous systems probably evolved independently in Kinorhyncha and Loricifera, and, more importantly, in panarthropods in possible relation with the rise of paired appendages and bilaterally coordinated motricity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Deng Wang and Jean Vannier and José M. Martín-Durán and María Herranz and Chiyang Yu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0896}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr0896}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Preservation and early evolution of scalidophoran ventral nerve cord}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). North pontic crossroads: Mobility in ukraine from the bronze age to the early modern period. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr0695. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The North Pontic region, which encompasses present-day Ukraine, was a crossroads of migration, connecting the vast Eurasian Steppe with Central Europe. We generated shotgun-sequenced genomic data for 91 individuals dating from around 7000 BCE to 1800 CE to study migration and mobility history in the region, with a particular focus on historically attested migrating groups during the Iron Age and the medieval period. We infer a high degree of temporal heterogeneity in ancestry, with fluctuating genetic affinities to different present-day Eurasian groups. We also infer high heterogeneity in ancestry within geographically, culturally, and socially defined groups. Despite this, we find that ancestry components which are widespread in Eastern and Central Europe have been present in the Ukraine region since the Bronze Age. In short, our study reveals a diverse range of ancestries in the Ukraine region through time as a result of frequent movements, assimilation, and contacts.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lehti Saag and Olga Utevska and Stanislav Zadnikov and Iryna Shramko and Kyrylo Gorbenko and Mykola Bandrivskyi and Dmytro Pavliv and Igor Bruyako and Denys Grechko and Vitalii Okatenko and Gennadi Toshev and Svitlana Andrukh and Vira Radziyevska and Yurii Buynov and Viktoriia Kotenko and Oleksandr Smyrnov and Oleg Petrauskas and Borys Magomedov and Serhii Didenko and Anatolii Heiko and Roman Reida and Serhii Sapiehin and Viktor Aksonov and Oleksii Laptiev and Svyatoslav Terskyi and Viacheslav Skorokhod and Vitalii Zhyhola and Yurii Sytyi and Mari Järve and Christiana Lyn Scheib and Kyriaki Anastasiadou and Monica Kelly and Mia Williams and Marina Silva and Christopher Barrington and Alexandre Gilardet and Ruairidh Macleod and Pontus Skoglund and Mark G. Thomas}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0695}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr0695}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {North pontic crossroads: Mobility in ukraine from the bronze age to the early modern period}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Screening the human miRNA interactome reveals coordinated up-regulation in melanoma, adding bidirectional regulation to miRNA networks. SCIADV, 11(2), eadr0277. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cellular protein expression is coordinated posttranscriptionally by an intricate regulatory network. The current presumption is that microRNAs (miRNAs) work by repression of functionally related targets within a system. In recent work, up-regulation of protein expression via direct interactions of messenger RNA with miRNA has been found in dividing cells, providing an additional mechanism of regulation. Herein, we demonstrate coordinated up-regulation of functionally coupled proteins by miRNA. We focused on CD98hc, the heavy chain of the amino acid transporter LAT-1, and α-2,3-sialyltransferases ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2, which are critical for CD98hc stability in melanoma. Profiling miRNA regulation using our high-throughput miRFluR assay, we identified miRNA that up-regulated the expression of both CD98hc and either ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL2. These co–up-regulating miRNAs were enriched in melanoma datasets associated with transformation and progression. Our findings add co–up-regulation by miRNA into miRNA regulatory networks and add a bidirectional twist to the impact miRNAs have on protein regulation and glycosylation.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Faezeh Jame-Chenarboo and Joseph N. Reyes and Nicholas M. Twells and Hoi Hei Ng and Dawn Macdonald and Eva Hernando and Lara K. Mahal}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0277}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadr0277}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Screening the human miRNA interactome reveals coordinated up-regulation in melanoma, adding bidirectional regulation to miRNA networks}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Three-dimensional nonreciprocal transport in photonic topological heterostructure of arbitrary shape. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq9285. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Electromagnetic wave propagation in three-dimensional (3D) space typically suffers omnidirectional scattering when encountering obstacles. In this study, we used Chern vectors to construct a topological heterostructure, where large-volume nonreciprocal topological transport in 3D is achieved. The shape of the cross section in the heterostructure can be arbitrary designed, and we experimentally observed the distinctive cross-shaped field pattern transport, nonreciprocal energy harvesting, and the remarkable ability of electromagnetic wave to traverse obstacles and abrupt structure changes without encountering reflections in 3D space.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mudi Wang and Ruo-Yang Zhang and Chenyu Zhang and Haoran Xue and Hongwei Jia and Jing Hu and Dongyang Wang and Tianshu Jiang and Che Ting Chan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq9285}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq9285}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Three-dimensional nonreciprocal transport in photonic topological heterostructure of arbitrary shape}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Plasticity of human resilience mechanisms. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq8336. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The hippocampus’s vulnerability to trauma-induced stress can lead to pathophysiological disturbances that precipitate the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The mechanisms of resilience that foster remission and mitigate the adverse effects of stress remain unknown. We analyzed the evolution of hippocampal morphology between 2016/2017 and 2018/2019, as well as the memory control mechanisms crucial for trauma resilience. Participants were individuals exposed to the 2015 Paris terrorist attacks ( N = 100), including chronic ( N = 34) and remitted ( N = 19) PTSD, and nonexposed ( N = 72). We found that normalization of inhibitory control processes, which regulate the resurgence of intrusive memories in the hippocampus, not only predicted PTSD remission but also preceded a reduction in traumatic memories. Improvement in control mechanisms was associated with the interruption of stress-induced atrophy in a hippocampal region that includes the dentate gyrus. Human resilience to trauma is characterized by the plasticity of memory control circuits, which interacts with hippocampal neuroplasticity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Giovanni Leone and Hannah Casanave and Charlotte Postel and Florence Fraisse and Thomas Vallée and Vincent de La Sayette and Jacques Dayan and Denis Peschanski and Francis Eustache and Pierre Gagnepain}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8336}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq8336}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Plasticity of human resilience mechanisms}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A positive feedback loop between germ cells and gonads induces and maintains sexual reproduction in a cnidarian. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq8220. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The fertile gonad includes cells of two distinct developmental origins: the somatic mesoderm and the germ line. How somatic and germ cells interact to develop and maintain fertility is not well understood. Here, using grafting experiments and transgenic reporter animals, we find that a specific part of the gonad—the germinal zone—acts as a sexual organizer to induce and maintain de novo germ cells and somatic gonads in the cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus . Germ cells express a member of the transforming growth factor–β family, Gonadless ( Gls ), that induces gonad morphogenesis. Loss of Gls resulted in animals lacking gonads but having nonproliferative germ cells. We propose that primary germ cells drive gonad development though Gls secretion. The germinal zone in the newly formed gonad provides positive feedback to induce secondary germ cells by activating Tfap2 in resident pluripotent stem cells. The contribution of germ cell signaling to the patterning of somatic gonadal tissue may be a general animal feature.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Camille Curantz and Ciara Doody and Helen R. Horkan and Gabriel Krasovec and Paris K. Weavers and Timothy Q. DuBuc and Uri Frank}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8220}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq8220}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A positive feedback loop between germ cells and gonads induces and maintains sexual reproduction in a cnidarian}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Molecular dynamics at immune synapse lipid rafts influence the cytolytic behavior of CAR t cells. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq8114. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART) targeting CD19 through CD28.ζ signaling induce rapid lysis of leukemic blasts, contrasting with persistent tumor control exhibited by 4-1BB.ζ-CART. We reasoned that molecular dynamics at the CART immune synapse (CARIS) could explain differences in their tumor rejection kinetics. We observed that CD28.ζ-CART engaged in brief highly lethal CARIS and mastered serial killing, whereas 4-1BB.ζ-CART formed lengthy CARIS and relied on robust expansion and cooperative killing. We analyzed CARIS membrane lipid rafts (mLRs) and found that, upon tumor engagement, CD28.ζ-CAR molecules rapidly but transiently translocated into mLRs, mobilizing the microtubular organizing center and lytic granules to the CARIS. This enabled fast CART recovery and sensitivity to low target site density. In contrast, gradual accumulation of 4-1BB.ζ-CAR and LFA-1 molecules at mLRs built mechanically tonic CARIS mediating chronic Fas ligand–based killing. The differences in CD28.ζ- and 4-1BB.ζ-CARIS dynamics explain the distinct cytolytic behavior of CART and can guide engineering of more adaptive effective cellular products.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ahmed Z. Gad and Jessica S. Morris and Lea Godret-Miertschin and Melisa J. Montalvo and Sybrina S. Kerr and Harrison Berger and Jessica C. H. Lee and Amr M. Saadeldin and Mohammad H. Abu-Arja and Shuo Xu and Spyridoula Vasileiou and Rebecca M. Brock and Kristen Fousek and Mohamed F. Sheha and Madhuwanti Srinivasan and Yongshuai Li and Arash Saeedi and Kandice R. Levental and Ann M. Leen and Maksim Mamonkin and Alexandre Carisey and Navin Varadarajan and Meenakshi Hegde and Sujith K. Joseph and Ilya Levental and Malini Mukherjee and Nabil Ahmed}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8114}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq8114}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Molecular dynamics at immune synapse lipid rafts influence the cytolytic behavior of CAR t cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-throughput design of a light and strong refractory eutectic medium entropy alloy with outstanding he-ion irradiation resistance. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq6828. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Light, strong, and radiation-tolerant materials are essential for advanced nuclear systems and aerospace applications. However, the comprehensive properties of current radiation-tolerant materials are far from being satisfactory in harsh operating environments. In this study, a high-throughput–designed NbVTaSi refractory eutectic medium entropy alloy realizes the controllable formation of the β-Nb 5 Si 3 phase with a high content and has outstanding comprehensive properties, i.e., lightweight, high yield strengths at room temperature and 850°C, and excellent He-ion irradiation resistance. According to density functional theory calculations and experimental findings, the prefabricated lattice distortion of the Nb 50 V 42 Ta 8 phase leads to great phase stability under severe He-ion irradiation conditions, while the dual characteristics of the semi-coherent interface and hyperstatic lattice structure of the high-content β-Nb 5 Si 3 phase dominate its outstanding He-ion irradiation resistance. This study sheds light on the design strategy for comprehensive properties and development of future radiation-tolerant materials for advanced nuclear systems and aerospace applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao Yang and Beiya Wang and Gaoyuan Shen and Tao Wei and Mingxu Wu and Qingzhou Tao and Shubin Wang and Da Shu and Baode Sun and Peter K. Liaw}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6828}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq6828}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-throughput design of a light and strong refractory eutectic medium entropy alloy with outstanding he-ion irradiation resistance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chromatin conformation, gene transcription, and nucleosome remodeling as an emergent system. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq6652. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In single cells, variably sized nanoscale chromatin structures are observed, but it is unknown whether these form a cohesive framework that regulates RNA transcription. Here, we demonstrate that the human genome is an emergent, self-assembling, reinforcement learning system. Conformationally defined heterogeneous, nanoscopic packing domains form by the interplay of transcription, nucleosome remodeling, and loop extrusion. We show that packing domains are not topologically associated domains. Instead, packing domains exist across a structure-function life cycle that couples heterochromatin and transcription in situ, explaining how heterochromatin enzyme inhibition can produce a paradoxical decrease in transcription by destabilizing domain cores. Applied to development and aging, we show the pairing of heterochromatin and transcription at myogenic genes that could be disrupted by nuclear swelling. In sum, packing domains represent a foundation to explore the interactions of chromatin and transcription at the single-cell level in human health.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Luay M. Almassalha and Marcelo Carignano and Emily Pujadas Liwag and Wing Shun Li and Ruyi Gong and Nicolas Acosta and Cody L. Dunton and Paola Carrillo Gonzalez and Lucas M. Carter and Rivaan Kakkaramadam and Martin Kröger and Kyle L. MacQuarrie and Jane Frederick and I Chae Ye and Patrick Su and Tiffany Kuo and Karla I. Medina and Josh A Pritchard and Andrew Skol and Rikkert Nap and Masato Kanemaki and Vinayak Dravid and Igal Szleifer and Vadim Backman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq6652}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq6652}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chromatin conformation, gene transcription, and nucleosome remodeling as an emergent system}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Tgfβ signaling stimulates glycolysis to promote the genesis of synovial joint interzone in developing mouse embryonic limbs. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq4991. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The initial interzone cells for synovial joints originate from chondrocytes, but such critical transition is minimally understood. With single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of murine embryonic knee joint primordia, we discovered that heightened expression of glycolysis genes characterized developing interzone cells when compared to flanking chondrocytes. Conditional deletion of the glucose transporters Glut1 and/or Glut3 , in either the incipient pre-skeletal mesenchyme with Prx1Cre or in chondrocytes with Col2Cre , disrupted interzone formation dose-dependently. In contrast, deletion of Glut1 / 3 in established interzone cells with Gdf5Cre did not have similar severe disruption of joint development. scRNA-seq revealed that Glut1/3 deletion by Prx1Cre impeded Tgfβ signaling in the developing interzone cells. Direct elimination of Tgfβ signaling with Prx1Cre partially phenocopied the deletion of Glut1/3 in impairing interzone formation. Tgfβ stimulated glycolysis in chondrocytes via activation of mTOR and Hif1α in vitro. The data support that the essential conversion of chondrocytes to interzone cells requires a transient elevation of glycolysis partly dependent on Tgfβ signaling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chao Song and Jasmin Koehnken Sawall and Xing Ji and Fangfang Song and Xueyang Liao and Renpeng Peng and Hao Ren and Eiki Koyama and Maurizio Pacifici and Fanxin Long}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq4991}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq4991}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Tgfβ signaling stimulates glycolysis to promote the genesis of synovial joint interzone in developing mouse embryonic limbs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptive sampling–based structural prediction reveals opening of a GABAA receptor through the αβ interface. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq3788. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A ) receptors are ligand-gated ion channels in the central nervous system with largely inhibitory function. Despite being a target for drugs including general anesthetics and benzodiazepines, experimental structures have yet to capture an open state of classical synaptic α1β2γ2 GABA A receptors. Here, we use a goal-oriented adaptive sampling strategy in molecular dynamics simulations followed by Markov state modeling to capture an energetically stable putative open state of the receptor. The model conducts chloride ions with comparable conductance as in electrophysiology measurements. Relative to experimental structures, our open model is relatively expanded at both the cytoplasmic (−2′) and central (9′) gates, coordinated with distinctive rearrangements at the transmembrane αβ subunit interface. Consistent with previous experiments, targeted substitutions disrupting interactions at this interface slowed the open-to-desensitized transition rate. This work demonstrates the capacity of advanced simulation techniques to investigate a computationally and experimentally plausible functionally critical of a complex membrane protein yet to be resolved by experimental methods.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Nandan Haloi and Samuel Eriksson Lidbrink and Rebecca J. Howard and Erik Lindahl}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq3788}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq3788}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptive sampling–based structural prediction reveals opening of a GABAA receptor through the αβ interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A claudin5-binding peptide enhances the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in vitro. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq2616. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains brain homeostasis but also prevents most drugs from entering the brain. No paracellular diffusion of solutes is allowed because of tight junctions that are made impermeable by the expression of claudin5 (CLDN5) by brain endothelial cells. The possibility of regulating the BBB permeability in a transient and reversible fashion is in strong demand for the pharmacological treatment of brain diseases. Here, we designed and tested short BBB-active peptides, derived from the CLDN5 extracellular domains and the CLDN5-binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, using a robust workflow of structural modeling and in vitro validation techniques. Computational analysis at the atom level based on solubility and affinity to CLDN5 identified a CLDN5-derived peptide not reported previously called f1-C5C2, which was soluble in biological media, displayed efficient binding to CLDN5, and transiently increased BBB permeability. The peptidomimetic strategy described here may have potential applications in the pharmacological treatment of brain diseases.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Martina Trevisani and Alessandro Berselli and Giulio Alberini and Eleonora Centonze and Silvia Vercellino and Veronica Cartocci and Enrico Millo and Dinu Zinovie Ciobanu and Clarissa Braccia and Andrea Armirotti and Francesco Pisani and Federico Zara and Valentina Castagnola and Luca Maragliano and Fabio Benfenati}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2616}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq2616}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A claudin5-binding peptide enhances the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in vitro}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Redesigning protonic ceramic electrochemical cells to lower the operating temperature. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq2507. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) can operate at intermediate temperatures (450° to 600°C) for power generation and hydrogen production. However, the operating temperature is still too high to revolutionize ceramic electrochemical cell technology. Lowering the operating temperature to <450°C will enable a wider material choice and reduce system costs. We present approaches to redesigning PCECs via readily fabricated single-grain–thick, chemically homogeneous, and robust electrolytes and a nano-micro positive electrode. At 450°C, the PCECs achieve a peak power density of 1.6 watt per square centimeter on H 2 fuel, 0.5 watt per square centimeter on NH 3 fuel, and 0.3 watt per square centimeter on CH 4 fuel in fuel cell mode. In steam electrolysis mode, a current density of >0.6 ampere per square centimeter with a Faradaic efficiency of >90% is achievable at 1.4 volt and 400°C. In addition, exceptional durability (>2000 hours) has been demonstrated, with a degradation rate of <0.01 millivolt per 100 hours in fuel cell mode at 400°C.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Fan Liu and David Diercks and Praveen Kumar and Arim Seong and Mohammed Hussain Abdul Jabbar and Cenk Gumeci and Yoshihisa Furuya and Nilesh Dale and Takanori Oku and Masahiro Usuda and Pejman Kazempoor and Iman Ghamarian and Lin Liu and Liyang Fang and Di Chen and Zixian Wang and Stephen Skinner and Chuancheng Duan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2507}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq2507}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Redesigning protonic ceramic electrochemical cells to lower the operating temperature}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Morphogen-induced kinase condensates transduce hh signal by allosterically activating gli. SCIADV, 11(2), eadq1790. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hedgehog (Hh) morphogen governs embryonic development and tissue homeostasis through the Ci/Gli family transcription factors. Here we report that Hh induces phase separation of the fused (Fu)/Ulk family kinases to allosterically regulate Ci/Gli. We find that Hh-induced phosphorylation of Fu/Ulk3 promotes SUMOylation of their inverted phosphorylation-dependent SUMOylation motifs. Subsequent interaction between SUMO and SUMO-interacting motif drives Fu/Ulk3 self-assembly to form biomolecular condensates that recruit Ci-Sufu and Gli-Sufu in the cytoplasm and primary cilium, respectively. Within the condensates, Fu/Ulk3 undergoes a conformational change to expose Ci/Gli for Fu/Ulk3-mediated phosphorylation and activation, leading to gradual accumulation of nuclear Ci A /Gli A transcriptional complexes in proportion to ligand dose and exposure time. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the spatiotemporal control of Hh signal transduction, reveal previously unexplored regulatory mechanism and function for biomolecular condensation, and establish a paradigm for kinase-mediated signal transduction whereby a kinase allosterically activates its substrate through ligand-induced and condensation-driven conformational change.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuhong Han and Mengmeng Zhou and Bing Wang and Jin Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1790}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadq1790}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Morphogen-induced kinase condensates transduce hh signal by allosterically activating gli}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spin caloritronics as a probe of nonunitary superconductors. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp9988. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Superconducting spintronics explores the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism, sparking substantial interest in nonunitary superconductors as a platform for magneto-superconducting phenomena. However, identifying nonunitary superconductors remains challenging. We demonstrate that spin current driven by thermal gradients sensitively probes the nature of the condensate in nonunitary superconductors. Spin polarization of the condensate in momentum space induces the superconducting spin Seebeck effect, where a spin current is generated along thermal gradients without a thermoelectric charge current. Notably, the nonvanishing superconducting spin Seebeck effect provides a smoking gun evidence of nonunitary superconductivity because it reflects the spin polarization of the condensate in momentum space, irrespective of whether the net pair spin magnetization vanishes. At the same time, the spin chirality of the condensate induces the spin Nernst effect, where a spin current is generated perpendicular to thermal gradients in nonunitary superconductors. These spin caloritronic phenomena offer a definitive probe of nonunitary superconductors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Taiki Matsushita and Takeshi Mizushima and Yusuke Masaki and Satoshi Fujimoto and Ilya Vekhter}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9988}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp9988}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spin caloritronics as a probe of nonunitary superconductors}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Adaptive immune cells antagonize ILC2 homeostasis via SLAMF3 and SLAMF5. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp9894. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) mainly reside in tissues with few lymphoid cells. How their tissue residency is regulated remains poorly understood. This study explores the inhibitory role of SLAM-family receptors (SFRs) on adaptive immune cells in ILC2 maintenance. We observed an increase in the population of ILC2s in Rag1-deficient mice. Homotypic engagement of SFRs between ILC2s and adaptive immune cells was identified as a potential mechanism. SFR deficiency led to an increase in ILC2s. Conditional deletion of SFRs on T and/or B cells led to an increased ILC2 abundance. Mechanistically, as ILC precursors differentiate into ILC2s, SFRs, primarily SLAMF3 and SLAMF5, are inhibitory, which impair IL-7–induced PI3K activation and enhance apoptosis via SHP-1. These findings reveal a mechanism by which adaptive immune cells negatively regulate the homeostasis of ILC2s and contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between innate and adaptive immune cells in the regulation of immune responses.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuande Wang and Dan Li and Yehai Liu and Shasha Chen and Zhongjun Dong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9894}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp9894}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Adaptive immune cells antagonize ILC2 homeostasis via SLAMF3 and SLAMF5}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The initial solar system abundance of 60Fe and early core formation of the first asteroids. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp9381. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-precision Ni isotope analyses of the differentiated andesitic meteorite Erg Chech 002 (EC 002), the oldest known crustal fragment of a planetesimal, show that short-lived 60 Fe was present in the early solar system with an initial 60 Fe/ 56 Fe ratio of (7.71 ± 0.47) × 10 −9 , which is five times more precise than previous estimates and is proposed to be the reference value for further studies. Using this ratio, the Ni isotopic composition of EC 002 implies that metal segregation in the source of the EC 002 parental melts took place 0.82 − 0.60 + 0.61 million years (Myr) after solar system formation, and similar very early metal-silicate differentiation ages are obtained for 4-Vesta ( 0.95 − 0.76 + 0.95 Myr) and the angrite parent body ( 2.27 − 1.29 + 1.98 Myr). Such an early age dictates a specific accretion and differentiation history for the EC 002 parent body, with metal segregation occurring at relatively low temperatures (1000° to 1200°C), followed by a high-temperature silicate melting event.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Linru Fang and Frédéric Moynier and Marc Chaussidon and Angela Limare and Georgy V. Makhatadze and Johan Villeneuve}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9381}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp9381}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The initial solar system abundance of 60Fe and early core formation of the first asteroids}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Open-set deep learning–enabled single-cell raman spectroscopy for rapid identification of airborne pathogens in real-world environments. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp7991. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Pathogenic bioaerosols are critical for outbreaks of airborne disease; however, rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens directly from complex air environments remains highly challenging. We present an advanced method that combines open-set deep learning (OSDL) with single-cell Raman spectroscopy to identify pathogens in real-world air containing diverse unknown indigenous bacteria that cannot be fully included in training sets. To test and further enhance identification, we constructed the Raman datasets of aerosolized bacteria. Through optimizing OSDL algorithms and training strategies, Raman-OSDL achieves 93% accuracy for five target airborne pathogens, 84% accuracy for untrained air bacteria, and 36% reduction in false positive rates compared to conventional close-set algorithms. It offers a high detection sensitivity down to 1:1000. When applied to real air containing >4600 bacterial species, our method accurately identifies single or multiple pathogens simultaneously within an hour. This single-cell tool advances rapidly surveilling pathogens in complex environments to prevent infection transmission.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Longji Zhu and Yunan Yang and Fei Xu and Xinyu Lu and Mingrui Shuai and Zhulin An and Xiaomeng Chen and Hu Li and Francis L. Martin and Peter J. Vikesland and Bin Ren and Zhong-Qun Tian and Yong-Guan Zhu and Li Cui}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7991}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp7991}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Open-set deep learning–enabled single-cell raman spectroscopy for rapid identification of airborne pathogens in real-world environments}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Photophysics-informed two-photon voltage imaging using FRET-opsin voltage indicators. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp5763. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microbial rhodopsin–derived genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) are powerful tools for mapping bioelectrical dynamics in cell culture and in live animals. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)–opsin GEVIs use voltage-dependent quenching of an attached fluorophore, achieving high brightness, speed, and voltage sensitivity. However, the voltage sensitivity of most FRET-opsin GEVIs has been reported to decrease or vanish under two-photon (2P) excitation. Here, we investigated the photophysics of the FRET-opsin GEVIs Voltron1 and Voltron2. We found that the previously reported negative-going voltage sensitivities of both GEVIs came from photocycle intermediates, not from the opsin ground states. The voltage sensitivities of both GEVIs were nonlinear functions of illumination intensity; for Voltron1, the sensitivity reversed the sign under low-intensity illumination. Using photocycle-optimized 2P illumination protocols, we demonstrate 2P voltage imaging with Voltron2 in the barrel cortex of a live mouse. These results open the door to high-speed 2P voltage imaging of FRET-opsin GEVIs in vivo.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {F. Phil BrooksIII and Daozheng Gong and Hunter C. Davis and Pojeong Park and Yitong Qi and Adam E. Cohen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp5763}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp5763}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Photophysics-informed two-photon voltage imaging using FRET-opsin voltage indicators}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perivascular cells function as key mediators of mechanical and structural changes in vascular capillaries. SCIADV, 11(2), eadp3789. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A hallmark of chronic and inflammatory diseases is the formation of a fibrotic and stiff extracellular matrix (ECM), typically associated with abnormal, leaky microvascular capillaries. Mechanisms explaining how the microvasculature responds to ECM alterations remain unknown. Here, we used a microphysiological model of capillaries on a chip mimicking the characteristics of healthy or fibrotic collagen to test the hypothesis that perivascular cells mediate the response of vascular capillaries to mechanical and structural changes in the human ECM. Capillaries engineered in altered fibrotic collagen had abnormal migration of perivascular cells, reduced pericyte differentiation, increased leakage, and higher regulation of inflammatory/remodeling genes, all regulated via NOTCH3 , a known mediator of endothelial-perivascular cell communication. Capillaries engineered either with endothelial cells alone or with perivascular cells silenced for NOTCH3 expression showed a minimal response to ECM alterations. These findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism of vascular response to changes in the ECM in health and disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Cristiane M. Franca and Maria Elisa Lima Verde and Alice Correa Silva-Sousa and Amin Mansoorifar and Avathamsa Athirasala and Ramesh Subbiah and Anthony Tahayeri and Mauricio Sousa and May Anny Fraga and Rahul M. Visalakshan and Aaron Doe and Keith Beadle and McKenna Finley and Emilios Dimitriadis and Jennifer Bays and Marina Uroz and Kenneth M. Yamada and Christopher Chen and Luiz E. Bertassoni}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3789}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadp3789}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perivascular cells function as key mediators of mechanical and structural changes in vascular capillaries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Advances in engineering nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging (MPI). SCIADV, 11(2), eado7356. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging imaging modality with exciting biomedical applications, such as cell tracking, blood pool imaging, and image-guided magnetic hyperthermia. MPI is unique in that signal is generated entirely by synthetic nanoparticle tracers, motivating precise engineering of magnetic nanoparticle properties including size, shape, composition, and coating to address the needs of specific applications. However, success in many applications and in clinical transition requires development of high-sensitivity and high-resolution tracers, for which there is considerable room for improvement. This review summarizes recent advancements in MPI tracer synthesis and compares reported tracers in terms of sensitivity and resolution. In making these comparisons, we point out inconsistencies in reporting of MPI tracer properties. To overcome this challenge, we propose a list of properties to standardize characterization and reporting of new MPI tracers and improve communication within the field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ambar C. Velazquez-Albino and Eric Daniel Imhoff and Carlos M. Rinaldi-Ramos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7356}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eado7356}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Advances in engineering nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging (MPI)}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Subthreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces cortical layer–, brain region–, and protocol-dependent neural plasticity. SCIADV, 11(2), eado6705. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is commonly used to study the brain or as a treatment for neurological disorders, but the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms it affects remain unclear. To determine the molecular mechanisms of rTMS and the brain regions they occur in, we used spatial transcriptomics to map changes to gene expression across the mouse brain in response to two commonly used rTMS protocols. Our results revealed that rTMS alters the expression of genes related to several cellular processes and neural plasticity mechanisms across the brain, which was both brain region– and rTMS protocol–dependent. In the cortex, the effect of rTMS was dependent not only on the cortical region but also on each cortical layer. These findings uncover the diverse molecular mechanisms induced by rTMS, which will be useful in interpreting its effects on cortical and subcortical circuits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rebecca C. S. Ong and Alexander D. Tang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6705}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eado6705}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Subthreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces cortical layer–, brain region–, and protocol-dependent neural plasticity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cropland expansion links climate extremes and diets in nigeria. SCIADV, 11(2), eado5541. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Climate change threatens smallholder agriculture and food security in the Global South. While cropland expansion is often used to counter adverse climate effects despite ecological trade-offs, the benefits for diets and nutrition remain unclear. This study quantitatively examines relationships between climate anomalies, forest loss from cropland expansion, and dietary outcomes in Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country. Combining high-resolution data on forest cover and climate variables within random forest and panel regression models, we find that 25 to 31% of annual forest loss is linked to climate variability. Using georeferenced household survey data, we then find that changes in forest cover have a significant positive association with changes in child diet diversity—a key proxy of nutritional adequacy—while cropland expansion does not, suggesting that such forest conversions may be an ineffective climate adaptation strategy for improving nutrition. Our findings highlight the potential of nutrition-sensitive climate adaptation to enhance yields, promote nutritious cropping choices, and protect remaining forests.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bhoktear Khan and Piyush Mehta and Dongyang Wei and Hanan Abou Ali and Oluseun Adeluyi and Tunrayo Alabi and Olawale Olayide and John Uponi and Kyle Frankel Davis}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado5541}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eado5541}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cropland expansion links climate extremes and diets in nigeria}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The punctuated evolution of the venusian atmosphere from a transition in mantle convective style and volcanic outgassing. SCIADV, 11(2), eadn9861. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {A key question in the planetary sciences centers on the divergence between the sibling planets, Venus and Earth. Venus currently does not operate with plate tectonics, and its thick atmosphere has led to extreme greenhouse conditions. It is unknown if this state was set primordially or if Venus was once more Earth-like. Here, we explore Venus as an example of a planet that recently transitioned between tectonic regimes. Our results show that transitions naturally lead to substantial resurfacing and melt-generated outgassing from lithosphere-breaking events and overturns, with 3 to 10 bars of atmosphere generated per overturn over ~60–million year timescales and ~10 to 100 bars outgassed over billion-year time frames. We find that the observation of Venus with a thick greenhouse atmosphere and the inferences of currently low volcanic rates and previous prodigious volcanic rates are consistent with a planet that has undergone a transition in tectonics, suggesting that Venus once hosted clement surface conditions and was more Earth-like.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Matthew B. Weller and Walter S. Kiefer}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn9861}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadn9861}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The punctuated evolution of the venusian atmosphere from a transition in mantle convective style and volcanic outgassing}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NAC regulates metabolism and cell fate in intestinal stem cells. SCIADV, 11(2), eadn9750. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) face the challenge of integrating metabolic demands with unique regenerative functions. Studies have shown an intricate interplay between metabolism and stem cell capacity; however, it is still not understood how this process is regulated. Combining ribosome profiling and CRISPR screening in intestinal organoids, we identify the nascent polypeptide–associated complex (NAC) as a key mediator of this process. Our findings suggest that NAC is responsible for relocalizing ribosomes to the mitochondria and regulating ISC metabolism. Upon NAC inhibition, intestinal cells show decreased import of mitochondrial proteins, which are needed for oxidative phosphorylation, and, consequently, enable the cell to maintain a stem cell identity. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of NACα is sufficient to drive mitochondrial respiration and promote ISC identity. Ultimately, our results reveal the pivotal role of NAC in regulating ribosome localization, mitochondrial metabolism, and ISC function, providing insights into the potential mechanism behind it.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sofia Ramalho and Ferhat Alkan and Stefan Prekovic and Katarzyna Jastrzebski and Eric Pintó Barberà and Liesbeth Hoekman and Maarten Altelaar and Cecilia de Heus and Nalan Liv and Maria J. Rodríguez-Colman and Mehmet Yilmaz and Rob van der Kammen and Juliette Fedry and Mark C. de Gooijer and Saskia Jacoba Elisabeth Suijkerbuijk and William J. Faller and Joana Silva}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn9750}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadn9750}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NAC regulates metabolism and cell fate in intestinal stem cells}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrasensitive detection of intact SARS-CoV-2 particles in complex biofluids using microfluidic affinity capture. SCIADV, 11(2), eadh1167. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Measuring virus in biofluids is complicated by confounding biomolecules coisolated with viral nucleic acids. To address this, we developed an affinity-based microfluidic device for specific capture of intact severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our approach used an engineered angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to capture intact virus from plasma and other complex biofluids. Our device leverages a staggered herringbone pattern, nanoparticle surface coating, and processing conditions to achieve detection of as few as 3 viral copies per milliliter. We further validated our microfluidic assay on 103 plasma, 36 saliva, and 29 stool samples collected from unique patients with COVID-19, showing SARS-CoV-2 detection in 72% of plasma samples. Longitudinal monitoring in the plasma revealed our device’s capacity for ultrasensitive detection of active viral infections over time. Our technology can be adapted to target other viruses using relevant cell entry molecules for affinity capture. This versatility underscores the potential for widespread application in viral load monitoring and disease management.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Daniel C. Rabe and Adarsh Choudhury and Dasol Lee and Evelyn G. Luciani and Uyen K. Ho and Alex E. Clark and Jeffrey E. Glasgow and Sara Veiga and William A. Michaud and Diane Capen and Elizabeth A. Flynn and Nicola Hartmann and Aaron F. Garretson and Alona Muzikansky and Marcia B. Goldberg and Douglas S. Kwon and Xu Yu and Aaron F. Carlin and Yves Theriault and James A. Wells and Jochen K. Lennerz and Peggy S. Lai and Sayed Ali Rabi and Anh N. Hoang and Genevieve M. Boland and Shannon L. Stott}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adh1167}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {eadh1167}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrasensitive detection of intact SARS-CoV-2 particles in complex biofluids using microfluidic affinity capture}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Retraction. SCIADV, 11(1), eadv4615. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {On 21 December 2022, Science Advances published the Research Article “Interference of flagellar rotation up-regulates the expression of small RNA contributing to Bordetella pertussis infection” by Y. Hiramatsu et al. (1). An author discovered that Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 and figs. S1, S2, and S3 did not have adequate supporting data. As a result, the authors are retracting the research article. All authors have agreed to the retraction.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yukihiro  Hiramatsu and Takashi  Nishida and Dendi Krisna  Nugraha and Mayuko  Osada-Oka and Daisuke  Nakane and Katsumi  Imada and Yasuhiko  Horiguchi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adv4615}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadv4615}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Retraction}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The moon goddess’s magnetic midlife. SCIADV, 11(1), eadu7441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Laboratory measurements of samples returned by China’s Chang’e-5 mission demonstrate that the Moon generated a long-lived magnetic field.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Benjamin P. Weiss}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adu7441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadu7441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The moon goddess’s magnetic midlife}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Applying statistical modeling strategies to sparse datasets in synthetic chemistry. SCIADV, 11(1), eadt3013. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The application of statistical modeling in organic chemistry is emerging as a standard practice for probing structure-activity relationships and as a predictive tool for many optimization objectives. This review is aimed as a tutorial for those entering the area of statistical modeling in chemistry. We provide case studies to highlight the considerations and approaches that can be used to successfully analyze datasets in low data regimes, a common situation encountered given the experimental demands of organic chemistry. Statistical modeling hinges on the data (what is being modeled), descriptors (how data are represented), and algorithms (how data are modeled). Herein, we focus on how various reaction outputs (e.g., yield, rate, selectivity, solubility, stability, and turnover number) and data structures (e.g., binned, heavily skewed, and distributed) influence the choice of algorithm used for constructing predictive and chemically insightful statistical models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Brittany C. Haas and Dipannita Kalyani and Matthew S. Sigman}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adt3013}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadt3013}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Applying statistical modeling strategies to sparse datasets in synthetic chemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Somatic mtDNA mutation burden shapes metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis. SCIADV, 11(1), eads8489. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The role of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in leukemogenesis remains poorly characterized. To determine the impact of somatic mtDNA mutations on this process, we assessed the leukemogenic potential of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from mtDNA mutator mice (Polg D257A) with or without NMyc overexpression. We observed a higher incidence of spontaneous leukemogenesis in recipients transplanted with heterozygous Polg HPCs and a lower incidence of NMyc-driven leukemia in those with homozygous Polg HPCs compared to controls. Although mtDNA mutations in heterozygous and homozygous HPCs caused similar baseline impairments in mitochondrial function, only heterozygous HPCs responded to and supported altered metabolic demands associated with NMyc overexpression. Homozygous HPCs showed altered glucose utilization with pyruvate dehydrogenase inhibition due to increased phosphorylation, exacerbated by NMyc overexpression. The impaired growth of NMyc-expressing homozygous HPCs was partially rescued by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, highlighting a relationship between mtDNA mutation burden and metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xiujie Li-Harms and Jingjun Lu and Yu Fukuda and John Lynch and Aditya Sheth and Gautam Pareek and Marcin M. Kaminski and Hailey S. Ross and Christopher W. Wright and Amber L. Smith and Huiyun Wu and Yong-Dong Wang and Marc Valentine and Geoffrey Neale and Peter Vogel and Stanley Pounds and John D. Schuetz and Min Ni and Mondira Kundu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads8489}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads8489}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Somatic mtDNA mutation burden shapes metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A rare dominant allele DYSOC1 determines seed coat color and improves seed oil content in brassica napus. SCIADV, 11(1), eads7620. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Yellow seed coat color (SCC) is a valuable trait in Brassica napus , which is significantly correlated to high seed oil content (SOC) and low seed lignocellulose content (SLC). However, no dominant yellow SCC genes were identified in B. napus . In this study, a dominant yellow SCC B. napus N53-2 was verified, and then 58,981 eQTLs and 25 trans-eQTL hotspots were identified in a double haploid population derived from N53-2 and black SCC material Ken-C8. A rare dominant allele DYSOC1 ( dominant gene of yellow seed coat color and improved seed oil content 1 ) was subsequently cloned in a trans-eQTL hotspot that colocated with SCC, SOC, and SLC QTL hotspot on ChrA09 through QTL fine mapping and multi-omics analysis. Transgenic experiments revealed that the expression of DYSOC1 produced yellow SCC seeds with significantly increased SOC and decreased SLC. Our result provides a rare dominant yellow SCC allele in B. napus , which has excellent potential for yellow SCC and high SOC rapeseed breeding.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Huaixin Li and Mingli Wu and Hongbo Chao and Yongtai Yin and Yutian Xia and Xin Cheng and Kang Chen and Shuxiang Yan and Xiaodong Wang and Yiyi Xiong and Jianjie He and Shipeng Fan and Yiran Ding and Libin Zhang and Haibo Jia and Chunyu Zhang and Maoteng Li}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads7620}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads7620}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A rare dominant allele DYSOC1 determines seed coat color and improves seed oil content in brassica napus}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect. SCIADV, 11(1), eads6459. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Centromeres are essential for chromosome segregation in eukaryotes, yet their specification is unexpectedly diverse among species and can involve major transitions such as those from localized to chromosome-wide centromeres between monocentric and holocentric species. How this diversity evolves remains elusive. We discovered within-cell variation in the recruitment of the major centromere protein CenH3, reminiscent of variation typically observed among species. While CenH3-containing nucleosomes are distributed in a monocentric fashion on autosomes and bind tandem repeat sequences specific to individual or groups of chromosomes, they show a longitudinal distribution and broad intergenic binding on the X chromosome, which partially recapitulates phenotypes known from holocentric species. Despite this variable CenH3 distribution among chromosomes, all chromosomes are functionally monocentric, marking the first instance of a monocentric species with chromosome-wide CenH3 deposition. Together, our findings illustrate a potential transitional state between mono- and holocentricity or toward CenH3-independent centromere determination and help to understand the rapid centromere sequence divergence between species.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {William Toubiana and Zoé Dumas and Patrick Tran Van and Darren J. Parker and Vincent Mérel and Veit Schubert and Jean-Marc Aury and Lorène Bournonville and Corinne Cruaud and Andreas Houben and Benjamin Istace and Karine Labadie and Benjamin Noel and Tanja Schwander}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6459}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads6459}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-performance solid-state electrochemical thermal switches with earth-abundant cerium oxide. SCIADV, 11(1), eads6137. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Thermal switches, which electrically turn heat flow on and off, have attracted attention as thermal management devices. Electrochemical reduction/oxidation switches the thermal conductivity (κ) of active metal oxide films. The performance of the previously proposed electrochemical thermal switches is low; the on/off κ-ratio is mostly less than 5, and the κ-switching width is less than 5 watts per meter kelvin. We used a CeO 2 thin film as the active layer deposited on a solid electrolyte YSZ substrate. When the CeO 2 thin film was reduced once (off-state) and then oxidized (on-state), κ was about 2.2 watts per meter kelvin in the most reduced state, and κ increased with oxidation to 12.5 watts per meter kelvin (on-state). This reduction (off-state)/oxidation (on-state) cycle was repeated 100 times, and the on/off κ-ratio was 5.8, and the κ-switching width was 10.3 watts per meter kelvin. The CeO 2 -based solid-state electrochemical thermal switches would be potential devices for thermal shutters and thermal displays.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ahrong Jeong and Mitsuki Yoshimura and Hyeonjun Kong and Zhiping Bian and Jason Tam and Bin Feng and Yuichi Ikuhara and Takashi Endo and Yasutaka Matsuo and Hiromichi Ohta}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads6137}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads6137}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-performance solid-state electrochemical thermal switches with earth-abundant cerium oxide}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcriptional regulation of adipocyte lipolysis by IRF2BP2. SCIADV, 11(1), eads5963. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Adipocyte lipolysis controls systemic energy levels and metabolic homeostasis. Lipolysis is regulated by posttranslational modifications of key lipolytic enzymes. However, less is known about the transcriptional mechanisms that regulate lipolysis. Here, we identify interferon regulatory factor–2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) as a transcriptional repressor of adipocyte lipolysis. Deletion of IRF2BP2 in human adipocytes increases lipolysis without affecting glucose uptake, whereas IRF2BP2 overexpression decreases lipolysis. RNA sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses show that IRF2BP2 represses lipolysis-related genes, including LIPE , which encodes hormone sensitive lipase, the rate-limiting enzyme in lipolysis. Adipocyte-selective deletion of Irf2bp2 in mice increases Lipe expression and free fatty acid levels, resulting in adipose tissue inflammation and glucose intolerance. Together, these findings demonstrate that IRF2BP2 restrains adipocyte lipolysis and opens avenues to target lipolysis for the treatment of metabolic disease.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Chen and Lin Liu and Ryan Calhoun and Lan Cheng and David Merrick and David J. Steger and Patrick Seale}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads5963}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads5963}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcriptional regulation of adipocyte lipolysis by IRF2BP2}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Biologically inspired microlens array camera for high-speed and high-sensitivity imaging. SCIADV, 11(1), eads3389. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Nocturnal and crepuscular fast-eyed insects often exploit multiple optical channels and temporal summation for fast and low-light imaging. Here, we report high-speed and high-sensitive microlens array camera (HS-MAC), inspired by multiple optical channels and temporal summation for insect vision. HS-MAC features cross-talk–free offset microlens arrays on a single rolling shutter CMOS image sensor and performs high-speed and high-sensitivity imaging by using channel fragmentation, temporal summation, and compressive frame reconstruction. The experimental results demonstrate that HS-MAC accurately measures the speed of a color disk rotating at 1950 rpm, recording fast sequences at 9120 fps with low noise equivalent irradiance (0.43 μW/cm 2 ). Besides, HS-MAC visualizes the necking pinch-off of a pool fire flame in dim light conditions below one thousandth of a lux. The compact high-speed low-light camera can offer a distinct route for high-speed and low-light imaging in mobile, surveillance, and biomedical applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hyun-Kyung Kim and Young-Gil Cha and Jae-Myeong Kwon and Sang-In Bae and Kisoo Kim and Kyung-Won Jang and Yong-Jin Jo and Min H. Kim and Ki-Hun Jeong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads3389}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads3389}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Biologically inspired microlens array camera for high-speed and high-sensitivity imaging}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Perovskite retinomorphic image sensor for embodied intelligent vision. SCIADV, 11(1), eads2834. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Retinomorphic systems that can see, recognize, and respond to real-time environmental information will extend the complexity and range of tasks that an exoskeleton robot can perform to better assist physically disabled people. However, the lack of ultrasensitive, reconfigurable, and large-scale integratable retinomorphic devices and advanced edge-processing algorithms makes it difficult to realize retinomorphic hardware. Here, we report the retinomorphic hardware prototype with a 4096-pixel perovskite image sensor array as core module to endow embodied intelligent vision functionalities. The retinomorphic sensor array, using a one photodetector–one transistor geometry to resemble retinal circuit with broadband, ultrahigh, and reconfigurable photoresponsivities, executes both adaptive imaging with a contrast enhancement of ~620% under a dim-lit intensity of 10 microwatts per square centimeter and an instantaneous one-dimensional feature extraction algorithm to decompose the origin visual scenarios into parsimoniously encoded spatiotemporal information. This retinomorphic system endows embodied intelligence with adaptive imaging, in situ processing, and decision-making capabilities and promises enormous potential for autonomous robot applications.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhilong He and Hongxiao Duan and Jianmin Zeng and Jie Zhou and Xiaolong Zhong and Zhixin Wu and Shenzhou Ni and Ze Jiang and Guangjun Xie and Jung-Yong Lee and Yi Lu and Yonghong Zeng and Biao Zhang and Wu Bin Ying and Zhibin Yang and Zhang Zhang and Gang Liu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads2834}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads2834}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Perovskite retinomorphic image sensor for embodied intelligent vision}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Its own architect: Flipping cardiolipin synthase. SCIADV, 11(1), eads0244. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current dogma assumes that lipid asymmetry in biological membranes is actively maintained and dispensable for cell viability. The inner (cytoplasmic) membrane (IM) of Escherichia coli is asymmetric. However, the molecular mechanism that maintains this uneven distribution is unknown. We engineered a conditionally lethal phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)–deficient mutant in which the presence of cardiolipin (CL) on the periplasmic leaflet of the IM is essential for viability, revealing a mechanism that provides CL on the desired leaflet of the IM. CL synthase (ClsA) flips its catalytic cytoplasmic domain upon depletion of PE to supply nonbilayer-prone CL in the periplasmic leaflet of the IM for cell viability. In the presence of a physiological amount of PE, osmotic down-shock induces a topological inversion of ClsA, establishing the biological relevance of membrane protein reorientations in wild-type cells. These findings support a flippase-less mechanism for maintaining membrane lipid asymmetry in biogenic membranes by self-organization of a lipid-synthesizing enzyme.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Katsuhiro Sawasato and William Dowhan and Mikhail Bogdanov}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0244}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads0244}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Its own architect: Flipping cardiolipin synthase}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Theory of giant magnetoelastic effect in soft systems. SCIADV, 11(1), eads0071. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Having been predominantly observed in rigid metal and metal alloys since 1865, the magnetoelastic effect was recently experimentally discovered in a soft matter system and used as a new working mechanism for energy and health care applications. Here, a theoretical framework is presented and proven to be universally accurate and robust in interpreting the giant magnetoelastic effect across soft systems subjected to various deformation modes, micromagnet concentrations, magnetization profiles, and geometric structures. The theory uncovers substantial, unique magnetoelastic phenomena in soft systems, including the magnetic pole reversal under localized compression. This work lays a firm foundation for an in-depth understanding and practical applications of the giant magnetoelastic effect in soft matter systems.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yihao Zhou and Guorui Chen and Xun Zhao and Trinny Tat and Zhaoqi Duan and Jun Chen}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ads0071}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eads0071}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Theory of giant magnetoelastic effect in soft systems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Determinants of increased muscle insulin sensitivity of exercise-trained versus sedentary normal weight and overweight individuals. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr8849. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The athlete’s paradox states that intramyocellular triglyceride accumulation associates with insulin resistance in sedentary but not in endurance-trained humans. Underlying mechanisms and the role of muscle lipid distribution and composition on glucose metabolism remain unclear. We compared highly trained athletes (ATHL) with sedentary normal weight (LEAN) and overweight-to-obese (OVWE) male and female individuals. This observational study found that ATHL show higher insulin sensitivity, muscle mitochondrial content, and capacity, but lower activation of novel protein kinase C (nPKC) isoforms, despite higher diacylglycerol concentrations. Notably, sedentary but insulin sensitive OVWE feature lower plasma membrane-to-mitochondria sn -1,2-diacylglycerol ratios. In ATHL, calpain-2, which cleaves nPKC, negatively associates with PKCε activation and positively with insulin sensitivity along with higher GLUT4 and hexokinase II content. These findings contribute to explaining the athletes’ paradox by demonstrating lower nPKC activation, increased calpain, and mitochondrial partitioning of bioactive diacylglycerols, the latter further identifying an obesity subtype with increased insulin sensitivity (NCT03314714).}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dominik Pesta and Evrim Anadol-Schmitz and Theresia Sarabhai and Yvo Op den Kamp and Sofiya Gancheva and Nina Trinks and Oana-Patricia Zaharia and Lucia Mastrototaro and Kun Lyu and Ivo Habets and Yvonne M. H. Op den Kamp-Bruls and Bedair Dewidar and Jürgen Weiss and Vera Schrauwen-Hinderling and Dongyan Zhang and Rafael Calais Gaspar and Klaus Strassburger and Yuliya Kupriyanova and Hadi Al-Hasani and Julia Szendroedi and Patrick Schrauwen and Esther Phielix and Gerald I. Shulman and Michael Roden}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8849}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr8849}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Determinants of increased muscle insulin sensitivity of exercise-trained versus sedentary normal weight and overweight individuals}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-scale multicenter study reveals anticitrullinated SR-A peptide antibody as a biomarker and exacerbator for rheumatoid arthritis. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr8078. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Current diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still challenging. More than one-third of patients with RA could not be accurately diagnosed because of lacking biomarkers. Our recent study reported that scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) is a biomarker for RA, especially for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)–negative RA. Here, we further identified the B cell autoantigenic epitopes of SR-A. By a large-scale multicenter study including one training and three validation cohorts of 1954 participants, we showed that anticitrullinated SR-A peptide antibody (anti-CSP) was exclusively elevated in RA as a biomarker, particularly useful for seronegative RA. Combination of anti-CSP with anti-CCP demonstrated superior diagnostic value for RA, with sensitivity of 84.83% and specificity of 92.43%. Moreover, RA anti-CSP revealed distinct glycosylation patterns, capable of provoking inflammation in cartilage organoids and exacerbating disease progression in experimental arthritis. Together, these data identify anti-CSP as an RA autoantibody clinically applicable and actively involved in disease pathogenesis.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yang Xie and Chaonan Wei and Dongdong Fu and Wei Zhang and Yan Du and Chuncui Huang and Shuyan Liu and Ranran Yao and Zihao He and Shenghua Zhang and Xu Jin and Bin Shen and Lulu Cao and Ping Wang and Xiangyu Fang and Xi Zheng and Hongying Lin and Xihua Wei and Wenhao Lin and Mingxin Bai and Danxue Zhu and Yingni Li and Yamin Ding and Huaqun Zhu and Hua Ye and Jing He and Yin Su and Yuan Jia and Huaxiang Wu and Yongfu Wang and Dan Xing and Xiaoyan Qiu and Zhanguo Li and Fanlei Hu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr8078}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr8078}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-scale multicenter study reveals anticitrullinated SR-A peptide antibody as a biomarker and exacerbator for rheumatoid arthritis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). A propofol binding site in the voltage sensor domain mediates inhibition of HCN1 channel activity. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr7427. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) ion channels are members of the cyclic nucleotide–binding family and are crucial for regulating cellular automaticity in many excitable cells. HCN channel activation contributes to pain perception, and propofol, a widely used anesthetic, acts as an analgesic by inhibiting the voltage-dependent activity of HCN channels. However, the molecular determinants of propofol action on HCN channels remain unknown. Here, we use a propofol-analog photoaffinity labeling reagent to identify propofol binding sites in the human HCN1 isoform. Mass spectrometry analyses combined with molecular dynamics simulations show that a binding pocket is formed by extracellularly facing residues in the S3 and S4 transmembrane segments in the resting voltage-sensor conformation. Mutations of residues within the putative binding pocket mitigate or eliminate voltage-dependent modulation of HCN1 currents by propofol. Together, these findings reveal a conformation-specific propofol binding site that underlies voltage-dependent inhibition of HCN currents and provides a framework for identifying highly specific modulators of HCN channel gating.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Verena Burtscher and Lei Wang and John Cowgill and Zi-Wei Chen and Christopher Edge and Edward Smith and Yongchang Chang and Lucie Delemotte and Alex S. Evers and Baron Chanda}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7427}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr7427}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {A propofol binding site in the voltage sensor domain mediates inhibition of HCN1 channel activity}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). RpH-ILV: Probe for lysosomal pH and acute LLOMe-induced membrane permeabilization in cell lines and drosophila. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr7325. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Lysosomal pH dysregulation is a critical element of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). To study the role of lysosomes in pathophysiology, probes to analyze lysosomal size, positioning, and pH are indispensable tools. Here, we developed and characterized a ratiometric genetically encoded lysosomal pH probe, RpH-ILV, targeted to a subpopulation of lysosomal intraluminal vesicles. This subpopulation behaves similarly to the general population of LAMP1-positive vesicles in terms of pH response to pharmacological stresses. In addition, RpH-ILV, which is trafficked to the lysosome via a different cytosolic motif than our previous ratiometric sensor, RpH-LAMP1, is well tolerated by the model organism Drosophila melanogaster , exhibits minimal plasma membrane fluorescence, and reveals sensitivity to the lysosomal damaging agent LLOMe, adding a valuable tool to our repertoire of lysosomal pH sensors.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Izaak J. Cheetham-Wilkinson and Bhavya Sivalingam and Chloe Flitton and Franziska Flottmann and Luisa Vehling and Maik Drechsler and Marija Stojchevska and Andrea Raimondi and Achim Paululat and Florian Fröhlich and Laura E. Swan and Massimiliano Stagi}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7325}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr7325}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {RpH-ILV: Probe for lysosomal pH and acute LLOMe-induced membrane permeabilization in cell lines and drosophila}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Two-electron two-nucleus effective hamiltonian and the spin diffusion barrier. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr7168. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and emerging quantum technologies rely on the spin transfer in electron-nuclear hybrid quantum systems. Spin transfers might be suppressed by larger couplings, e.g., hyperfine couplings suppressing nuclear dipolar flip-flops (”spin diffusion barrier”). We apply the Schrieffer-Wolff transformation to a two-electron two-nucleus spin system involving dipolar and hyperfine couplings in their tensorial form and study possible polarization-transfer processes. Among the different effective Hamiltonian matrix elements investigated is an energy-conserving electron-nuclear four-spin flip-flop, which combines an electronic with a nuclear dipolar flip-flop. The relevance of this electron-nuclear four-spin flip-flop for nuclear spin diffusion close to electrons is supported by model fits of HypRes-on experimental data. We connect the closely related fields of magnetic resonance and quantum information and provide a model that explains how all nuclear spins can contribute to the hyperpolarization of the bulk without a spin diffusion barrier in DNP.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Gevin von Witte and Sebastian Kozerke and Matthias Ernst}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr7168}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr7168}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Two-electron two-nucleus effective hamiltonian and the spin diffusion barrier}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multiple cell types support productive infection and dynamic translocation of infectious ebola virus to the surface of human skin. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr6140. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe human disease. During late infection, EBOV virions are on the skin’s surface; however, the permissive skin cell types and the route of virus translocation to the epidermal surface are unknown. We describe a human skin explant model and demonstrate that EBOV infection of human skin via basal media increases in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. In the dermis, cells of myeloid, endothelial, and fibroblast origin were EBOV antigen–positive whereas keratinocytes harbored virus in the epidermis. Infectious virus was detected on the apical epidermal surface within 3 days, indicating that virus propagates and traffics through the explants. Purified human fibroblasts and keratinocytes supported EBOV infection ex vivo and both cell types required the phosphatidylserine receptor, AXL, and the endosomal protein, NPC1, for virus entry. This platform identified susceptible cell types and demonstrated dynamic trafficking of EBOV virions. These findings may explain person-to-person transmission via skin contact.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Kelly N. Messingham and Paige T. Richards and Anthony Fleck and Radhika A. Patel and Marija Djurkovic and Jonah Elliff and Samuel Connell and Tyler P. Crowe and Juan Munoz Gonzalez and Francoise Gourronc and Jacob A. Dillard and Robert A. Davey and Aloysius Klingelhutz and Olena Shtanko and Wendy Maury}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6140}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr6140}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multiple cell types support productive infection and dynamic translocation of infectious ebola virus to the surface of human skin}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). The importance of shear on the collective charge transport in CDWs revealed by an XFEL source. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr6034. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Charge transport in materials has an impact on a wide range of devices based on semiconductor, battery, or superconductor technology. Charge transport in sliding charge density waves (CDW) differs from all others in that the atomic lattice is directly involved in the transport process. To obtain an overall picture of the structural changes associated to the collective transport, the large coherent x-ray beam generated by an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) source was used. The CDW phase can be retrieved over the entire sample from diffracted intensities using a genetic algorithm. For currents below threshold, increasing shear deformation is observed in the central part of the sample while longitudinal deformation appears above threshold when shear relaxes. Shear thus precedes longitudinal deformation, with relaxation of one leading to the appearance of the other. Moreover, strain accumulates on surface steps in the sliding regime, demonstrating the strong pinning character of these surface discontinuities. The sliding process of nanometric CDW involves macroscopic sample dimensions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {David Le Bolloc’h and Ewen Bellec and Darine Ghoneim and Antoine Gallo-Frantz and Pawel Wzietek and Luc Ortega and Anders Madsen and Pierre Monceau and Mathieu Chollet and Isabel Gonzales-Vallejo and Vincent L. R. Jacques and Aleksandr Sinchenko}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr6034}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr6034}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {The importance of shear on the collective charge transport in CDWs revealed by an XFEL source}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Extracellular fluid viscosity regulates human mesenchymal stem cell lineage and function. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr5023. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) respond to mechanical stimuli, including stiffness and viscoelasticity. To date, it is unknown how extracellular fluid viscosity affects hMSC function on substrates of different stiffness and viscoelasticity. While hMSCs assume an adipogenic phenotype on gels of low stiffness and prescribed stress relaxation times, elevated fluid viscosity is sufficient to bias hMSCs toward an osteogenic phenotype. Elevated viscosity induces Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling, enhances NHE1 activity, and promotes hMSC spreading via up-regulation of integrin-linked kinase. The resulting increase in membrane tension triggers the activation of transient receptor potential cation vanilloid 4 to facilitate calcium influx, thereby stimulating RhoA/ROCK and driving YAP-dependent RUNX2 translocation to the nucleus, leading to osteogenic differentiation. hMSCs on soft gels at elevated relative to basal viscosity favor an M2 macrophage phenotype. This study establishes fluid viscosity as a key physical cue that imprints osteogenic memory in hMSCs and promotes an immunosuppressive phenotype.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alice Amitrano and Qinling Yuan and Bhawana Agarwal and Anindya Sen and Yoseph W. Dance and Yi Zuo and Jude M. Phillip and Luo Gu and Konstantinos Konstantopoulos}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr5023}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr5023}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Extracellular fluid viscosity regulates human mesenchymal stem cell lineage and function}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Determinants of vacancy formation and migration in high-entropy alloys. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr4697. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Vacancies are crucial for the radiation resistance, strength, and ductility of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). However, complex electronic interactions resulting from chemical disorder prohibit the quantification of vacancy formation energy ( E f ) and migration barriers ( E b ). Herein, we propose an electronic descriptor χ S v (electronegativity χ and valence-electron number S v ) to quantify the bonding strength of constituents on the basis of the tight-binding model, which allows us to build analytical models to achieve the site-to-site quantification of E f and E b . The descriptor χ S v reflects the d-band occupation, indicating the dominant role of the electronic interactions in the vacancy formation and migration of HEAs. As a size effect, local lattice distortion plays a more important role in vacancy migration than in vacancy formation. Our model establishes a universal physical picture of vacancy formation and migration, which helps to understand the radiation resistance and mechanical properties of HEAs, thereby accelerating the design of high-performance HEAs.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhiling Luo and Wang Gao and Qing Jiang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4697}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr4697}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Determinants of vacancy formation and migration in high-entropy alloys}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcriptomic DN3 clock neuron subtypes regulate drosophila sleep. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr4580. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Circadian neurons within animal brains orchestrate myriad physiological processes and behaviors, but the contribution of these neurons to the regulation of sleep is not well understood. To address this deficiency, we leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing to generate a comprehensive census of transcriptomic cell types of Drosophila clock neurons. We focused principally on the enigmatic DN3s, which constitute most fly brain clock neurons and were previously almost completely uncharacterized. These DN3s are organized into 12 clusters with unusual gene expression features compared to the more well-studied clock neurons. We further show that previously uncharacterized DN3 subtypes promote sleep through a G protein–coupled receptor, TrissinR . Our findings indicate an intricate regulation of sleep behavior by clock neurons and highlight their remarkable diversity in gene expression and functional properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Dingbang Ma and Jasmine Quynh Le and Xihuimin Dai and Madelen M. Díaz and Katharine C. Abruzzi and Michael Rosbash}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4580}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr4580}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcriptomic DN3 clock neuron subtypes regulate drosophila sleep}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Enhancing cathode composites with conductive alignment synergy for solid-state batteries. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr4292. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Enhancing transport and chemomechanical properties in cathode composites is crucial for the performance of solid-state batteries. Our study introduces the filler-aligned structured thick (FAST) electrode, which notably improves mechanical strength and ionic/electronic conductivity in solid composite cathodes. The FAST electrode incorporates vertically aligned nanoconducting carbon nanotubes within an ion-conducting polymer electrolyte, creating a low-tortuosity electron/ion transport path while strengthening the electrode’s structure. This design not only mitigates recrystallization of the polymer electrolyte but also establishes a densified local electric field distribution and accelerates the migration of lithium ions. The FAST electrode showcases outstanding electrochemical performance with lithium iron phosphate as the active material, achieving a high capacity of 148.2 milliampere hours per gram at 0.2 C over 100 cycles with substantial material loading (49.3 milligrams per square centimeter). This innovative electrode design marks a remarkable stride in addressing the challenges of solid-state lithium metal batteries.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhang Cao and Xinxin Yao and Soyeon Park and Kaiyue Deng and Chunyan Zhang and Lei Chen and Kelvin Fu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4292}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr4292}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Enhancing cathode composites with conductive alignment synergy for solid-state batteries}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large language models for human-machine collaborative particle accelerator tuning through natural language. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr4173. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Autonomous tuning of particle accelerators is an active and challenging research field with the goal of enabling advanced accelerator technologies and cutting-edge high-impact applications, such as physics discovery, cancer research, and material sciences. A challenge with autonomous accelerator tuning remains that the most capable algorithms require experts in optimization and machine learning to implement them for every new tuning task. Here, we propose the use of large language models (LLMs) to tune particle accelerators. We demonstrate on a proof-of-principle example the ability of LLMs to tune an accelerator subsystem based on only a natural language prompt from the operator, and compare their performance to state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, such as Bayesian optimization and reinforcement learning–trained optimization. In doing so, we also show how LLMs can perform numerical optimization of a nonlinear real-world objective. Ultimately, this work represents another complex task that LLMs can solve and promises to help accelerate the deployment of autonomous tuning algorithms to day-to-day particle accelerator operations.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jan Kaiser and Anne Lauscher and Annika Eichler}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr4173}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr4173}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large language models for human-machine collaborative particle accelerator tuning through natural language}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ubiquitination of OsCSN5 by OsPUB45 activates immunity by modulating the OsCUL3a-OsNPR1 module. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr2441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a highly conserved protein complex in eukaryotes, with CSN5 serving as its critical catalytic subunit. However, the role of CSN5 in plant immunity is largely unexplored. Here, we found that suppression of OsCSN5 in rice enhances resistance against the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo ) without affecting growth. OsCSN5 is ubiquitinated and degraded by the E3 ligase OsPUB45. Overexpression of OsPUB45 increased resistance against M. oryzae and Xoo , while dysfunction of OsPUB45 decreased resistance. In addition, OsCSN5 stabilized OsCUL3a to promote the degradation of a positive regulator OsNPR1. Overexpression of OsPUB45 compromised accumulation of OsCUL3a, leading to stabilization of OsNPR1, whereas mutations in OsPUB45 destabilized OsNPR1. These findings suggest that OsCSN5 stabilizes OsCUL3a to facilitate the degradation of OsNPR1, preventing its constitutive activation without infection. Conversely, OsPUB45 promotes the degradation of OsCSN5, contributing to immunity activation upon pathogen infection.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chongyang Zhang and Liang Fang and Feng He and Xiaoman You and Min Wang and Tianxiao Zhao and Yanyan Hou and Ning Xiao and Aihong Li and Jian Yang and Jue Ruan and Frédéric Francis and Guo-Liang Wang and Ruyi Wang and Yuese Ning}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr2441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ubiquitination of OsCSN5 by OsPUB45 activates immunity by modulating the OsCUL3a-OsNPR1 module}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcriptional coupling of telomeric retrotransposons with the cell cycle. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr2299. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Unlike most species that use telomerase for telomere maintenance, many dipterans, including Drosophila , rely on three telomere-specific retrotransposons (TRs)— HeT-A , TART , and TAHRE —to form tandem repeats at chromosome ends. Although TR transcription is crucial in their life cycle, its regulation remains poorly understood. This study identifies the Mediator complex, E2F1-Dp, and Scalloped/dTEAD as key regulators of TR transcription. Reducing the activity of the Mediator or Sd/dTEAD increases TR expression and telomere length, while overexpressing E2F1-Dp or depleting Rbf1 stimulates TR transcription. The Mediator and Sd/dTEAD regulate this process through E2F1-Dp. CUT&RUN (Cleavage under targets and release using nuclease) analysis shows direct binding of CDK8, Dp, and Sd/dTEAD to telomeric repeats, with motif enrichment revealing E2F- and TEAD-binding sites. These findings uncover the Mediator complex’s role in controlling TR transcription and telomere length through E2F1-Dp and Sd, coupling the transcriptional regulation of the TR life cycle with host cell-cycle machinery to protect chromosome ends in Drosophila .}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Mengmeng Liu and Xiao-Jun Xie and Xiao Li and Xingjie Ren and Jasmine L. Sun and Zhen Lin and Rajitha-Udakara-Sampath Hemba-Waduge and Jun-Yuan Ji}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2299}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr2299}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcriptional coupling of telomeric retrotransposons with the cell cycle}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Large-area radiation-modulated thermoelectric fabrics for high-performance thermal management and electricity generation. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr2158. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Flexible thermoelectric systems capable of converting human body heat or solar heat into sustainable electricity are crucial for the development of self-powered wearable electronics. However, challenges persist in maintaining a stable temperature gradient and enabling scalable fabrication for their commercialization. Herein, we present a facile approach involving the screen printing of large-scale carbon nanotube (CNT)–based thermoelectric arrays on conventional textile. These arrays were integrated with the radiation-modulated thermoelectric fabrics of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) membranes for the low-cost and high-performance wearable self-power application. Combined with the excellent photothermal properties of CNTs, the resulting thermoelectric fabric (0.2 square meters) achieves a substantial Δ T of 37 kelvin under a solar intensity of ~800 watt per square meter, yielding a peak power density of 0.20 milliwatt per square meter. This study offers a pragmatic pathway to simultaneously address thermal management and electricity generation in self-powered wearable applications by efficiently harvesting solar energy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jin-Zhuo Liu and Wangkai Jiang and Sheng Zhuo and Yun Rong and Yuan-Yuan Li and Hang Lu and Jianchen Hu and Xiao-Qiao Wang and Weifan Chen and Liang-Sheng Liao and Ming-Peng Zhuo and Ke-Qin Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2158}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr2158}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Large-area radiation-modulated thermoelectric fabrics for high-performance thermal management and electricity generation}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Multistate kinetics of the syringe-like injection mechanism of tc toxins. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr2019. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Tc toxins are pore-forming virulence factors of many pathogenic bacteria. Following pH-induced conformational changes, they perforate the target membrane like a syringe to translocate toxic enzymes into a cell. Although this complex transformation has been structurally well studied, the reaction pathway and the resulting temporal evolution have remained elusive. We used an integrated biophysical approach to monitor prepore-to-pore transition and found a reaction time of ~30 hours for a complete transition. We show two asynchronous general steps of the process, shell opening and channel ejection, with the overall reaction pathway being a slow multistep process involving three intermediates. Liposomes, an increasingly high pH, or receptors facilitate shell opening, which is directly correlated with an increased rate of the prepore-to-pore transition. Channel ejection is a near-instantaneous process which occurs with a transition time of <60 milliseconds. Understanding the mechanism of action of Tc toxins and unveiling modulators of the kinetics are key steps toward their application as biomedical devices or biopesticides.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Peter Njenga Ng’ang’a and Julian Folz and Svetlana Kucher and Daniel Roderer and Ying Xu and Oleg Sitsel and Alexander Belyy and Daniel Prumbaum and Ralf Kühnemuth and Tufa E. Assafa and Min Dong and Claus A. M. Seidel and Enrica Bordignon and Stefan Raunser}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr2019}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr2019}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Multistate kinetics of the syringe-like injection mechanism of tc toxins}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Imaging interlayer exciton superfluidity in a 2D semiconductor heterostructure. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr1772. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Excitons, which are Coulomb bound electron-hole pairs, are composite bosons and thus at low temperature can form a superfluid state with a single well-defined amplitude and phase. We directly image this macroscopic exciton superfluid state in an hBN-separated MoSe 2 -WSe 2 heterostructure. At high density, we identify quasi-long-range order over the entire active area of our sample, through spatially resolved coherence measurements. By varying the exciton density and sample temperature, we map out the phase diagram of the superfluid. We observe the superfluid phase persisting to a temperature of 15 K, which is in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. This works paves the way to realizing on chip superfluid structures capable of studying fundamental physical behaviors and quantum devices that use superfluidity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jacob Cutshall and Fateme Mahdikhany and Anna Roche and Daniel N. Shanks and Michael R. Koehler and David G. Mandrus and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and Qizhong Zhu and Brian J. LeRoy and John R. Schaibley}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1772}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr1772}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Imaging interlayer exciton superfluidity in a 2D semiconductor heterostructure}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Ultrafast hot carrier extraction and diffusion at the MoS2/Au van der waals electrode interface. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr1534. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metal electrode deposition is universally adopted in the community for optoelectronic device fabrication, inducing hybridization at electrode interfaces, and allows efficient extraction or injection of photocarriers. However, hybridization-induced midgap states increase photocarrier recombination pathways, creating a paradoxical trade-off. Here, we discovered that efficient photocarrier extraction and a long photocarrier lifetime can be achieved simultaneously in MoS 2 /van der Waals Au contact, minimizing photocarrier loss at the interface. Using transient reflection spectroscopy, we quantified an ultrafast hole extraction time of 310 femtoseconds and a photocarrier lifetime of 259 picoseconds. Suppressed exciton formation in diffusion measurement validated ultrafast hole extraction. We further revealed a short photocarrier lifetime of ~8.7 picoseconds in deposited contact and negligible hole extraction in unintimate contact with space gap at the interface. We unraveled the hot electron transfer process from Au to MoS 2 in different contact interfaces. Our results on different metal contact interfaces provide valuable insights into electrode engineering for future optoelectronic devices.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengyun Hong and Hyundong Kim and Ye Tao and Jong Hyeon Lim and Jin Yong Lee and Ji-Hee Kim}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr1534}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr1534}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Ultrafast hot carrier extraction and diffusion at the MoS2/Au van der waals electrode interface}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-resolution cryo-EM using a common LaB6 120-keV electron microscope equipped with a sub–200-keV direct electron detector. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr0438. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {High-resolution cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) requires costly 200- to 300-keV cryo–transmission electron microscopes (cryo-TEMs) with field emission gun (FEG) sources, stable columns, constant-powered lenses, autoloader, and direct electron detectors (DED). Recent advances in 100-keV imaging with the emergence of sub–200-keV optimized DED technology promises the development of more affordable cryo-TEMs. So far, 100-keV imaging has required microscopes with FEG sources. We here explored whether a standard 120-keV TEMs with thermionic lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 ) source can be upgraded with a sub–200-keV DED for high-resolution cryo-EM. Using this imaging configuration, we successfully obtained a 2.65 Å reconstruction for apoferritin, 4.33 Å for 64-kDa hemoglobin, and 4.4 Å for an asymmetric 153kDa membrane protein GPCR. All results were achieved using standard automated data collection with SerialEM, demonstrating the feasibility to collect large cryo-EM datasets with a side-entry cryo-holder. These results showcase a widely accessible solution to obtaining interpretable cryo-EM structures at low cost and contribute to the “democratization” of cryo-EM.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hariprasad Venugopal and Jesse Mobbs and Cyntia Taveneau and Daniel R. Fox and Ziva Vuckovic and Sahil Gulati and Gavin Knott and Rhys Grinter and David Thal and Stephen Mick and Cory Czarnik and Georg Ramm}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0438}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr0438}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-resolution cryo-EM using a common LaB6 120-keV electron microscope equipped with a sub–200-keV direct electron detector}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Organic carbon dry deposition outpaces atmospheric processing with unaccounted implications for air quality and freshwater ecosystems. SCIADV, 11(1), eadr0259. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dry deposition is an important yet poorly constrained process that removes reactive organic carbon from the atmosphere, making it unavailable for airborne chemical reactions and transferring it to other environmental systems. Using an aircraft-based measurement method, we provide large-scale estimates of total gas-phase organic carbon deposition rates and fluxes. Observed deposition rates downwind of large-scale unconventional oil operations reached up to 100 tC hour −1 , with fluxes exceeding 0.1 gC m −2 hour −1 . The observed deposition lifetimes (τ dep ) were short enough (i.e., 4 ± 2 hours) to compete with chemical oxidation processes and affect the fate of atmospheric reactive carbon. Yet, much of this deposited organic carbon cannot be accounted for using traditional gas-phase deposition algorithms used in regional air quality models, signifying underrepresented, but influential, chemical-physical surface properties and processes. Furthermore, these fluxes represent a major unaccounted contribution of reactive carbon to downwind freshwater ecosystems that outweigh terrestrial sources, necessitating the inclusion of dry deposition in aquatic carbon balances and models.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {John Liggio and Paul Makar and Shao-Meng Li and Katherine Hayden and Andrea Darlington and Samar Moussa and Sumi Wren and Ralf Staebler and Jeremy Wentzell and Michael Wheeler and Amy Leithead and Richard Mittermeier and Julie Narayan and Mengistu Wolde and Dane Blanchard and Julian Aherne and Jane Kirk and Colin Lee and Craig Stroud and Junhua Zhang and Ayodeji Akingunola and Ali Katal and Philip Cheung and Roya Ghahreman and Mahtab Majdzadeh and Megan He and Jenna Ditto and Drew R. Gentner}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adr0259}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadr0259}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Organic carbon dry deposition outpaces atmospheric processing with unaccounted implications for air quality and freshwater ecosystems}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). High-dose intravenous BCG vaccination induces enhanced immune signaling in the airways. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq8229. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Intradermal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most widely administered vaccine, but it does not sufficiently protect adults against pulmonary tuberculosis. Recent studies in nonhuman primates show that intravenous BCG administration offers superior protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ). We used single-cell analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from rhesus macaques vaccinated via different routes and doses of BCG to identify alterations in the immune ecosystem in the airway following vaccination. Our findings reveal that high-dose intravenous BCG induces an influx of polyfunctional T cells and macrophages in the airways, with alveolar macrophages from high-dose intravenous BCG displaying a basal activation state in the absence of purified protein derivative stimulation, defined in part by interferon signaling. Enhanced intercellular immune signaling and stronger T helper 1–T helper 17 transcriptional responses were observed following purified protein derivative stimulation. These results suggest that high-dose intravenous BCG vaccination creates a specialized immune environment that primes airway cells for effective Mtb clearance.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Joshua M. Peters and Edward B. Irvine and Mohau S. Makatsa and Jacob M. Rosenberg and Marc H. WadsworthII and Travis K. Hughes and Matthew S. Sutton and Sarah K. Nyquist and Joshua D. Bromley and Rajib Mondal and Mario Roederer and Robert A. Seder and Patricia A. Darrah and Galit Alter and Chetan Seshadri and JoAnne L. Flynn and Alex K. Shalek and Sarah M. Fortune and Bryan D. Bryson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq8229}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq8229}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {High-dose intravenous BCG vaccination induces enhanced immune signaling in the airways}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Self-healing and hyperelastic magneto-iono-elastomers through molecular confinement of magnetic anions. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq7441. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Magneto-responsiveness in living organisms, exemplified by migratory birds navigating vast distances, offers inspiration for soft robots and human-computer interfaces. However, achieving both high magneto-responsiveness and resilient mechanical properties in synthetic materials has been challenging. Here, we develop magneto-iono-elastomers (MINEs), combining exceptional magnetization [2.6 emu (electromagnetic units)/g] with hyperelasticity and self-healability. Such a MINE consists of a magnetic ionic liquid (MIL; [Emim][FeCl 4 ]) and a urethane group–based polymer that can distinctively confine magnetic anions through strong intermolecular interactions, including potential hydrogen bonds and metal-coordination bonds. This confinement enables high MIL loading (80 wt %) while maintaining structure integrity, resulting in a high ionic conductivity exceeding 10 −3 S/cm. Furthermore, the synergistic interplay of these reversible bonds in MINEs contributes to an outstanding elastic recovery that surpasses 99%, alongside good self-healing capabilities. The unique combination of these attributes positions MINE as a promising candidate for diverse magnetoelectronic applications, encompassing wearable strain sensors, contactless magneto-responsive electronics, see-through touch panels, and soft magnetic carriers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xuan Zhang and Lishu Zhang and Meilin Liu and Chin Boon Chng and Eddy Pang Yi Ler and Jinrun Zhou and Naoji Matsuhisa and Yu Jun Tan}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq7441}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq7441}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Self-healing and hyperelastic magneto-iono-elastomers through molecular confinement of magnetic anions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Atomic-scale structure of ZrO2: Formation of metastable polymorphs. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq5943. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Metastable phases can exist within local minima in the potential energy landscape when they are kinetically “trapped” by various processing routes, such as thermal treatment, grain size reduction, chemical doping, interfacial stress, or irradiation. Despite the importance of metastable materials for many technological applications, little is known about the underlying structural mechanisms of the stabilization process and atomic-scale nature of the resulting defective metastable phase. Investigating ion-irradiated and nanocrystalline zirconia with neutron total scattering experiments, we show that metastable tetragonal ZrO 2 consists of an underlying structure of ferroelastic, orthorhombic nanoscale domains stabilized by a network of domain walls. The apparent long-range tetragonal structure that can be recovered to ambient conditions is only the configurational ensemble average of the underlying orthorhombic domains. This structural heterogeneity with a distinct short-range order is more broadly applicable to other nonequilibrium materials and provides insight into the synthesis and recovery of functional metastable phases with unique physical and chemical properties.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Alexandre P. Solomon and Eric C. O’Quinn and Juejing Liu and Igor M. Gussev and Xiaofeng Guo and Joerg Neuefeind and Christina Trautmann and Rodney C. Ewing and Gianguido Baldinozzi and Maik K. Lang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5943}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq5943}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Atomic-scale structure of ZrO2: Formation of metastable polymorphs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). NLRP3 inflammasome constrains liver regeneration through impairing MerTK-mediated macrophage efferocytosis. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq5786. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in human acute and chronic liver diseases. However, the role and cell-specific contribution of NLRP3 in liver regeneration remains unclear. Here, we found that NLRP3 was highly activated during the early stage of liver regeneration via 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) mice model and clinical data. Global NLRP3 depletion or pharmacologically blocking NLRP3 significantly enhanced liver regeneration, while NLRP3 overexpression impaired it after PHx. Furthermore, mice with myeloid-specific knockout of Nlrp3 ( Nlrp3 Δ mye ), rather than hepatocyte-specific knockout ( Nlrp3 Δ hep ), showed improved liver regeneration compared to control ( Nlrp3 fl/fl ). Mechanistically, deficiency of Nlrp3 promoted myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK)–mediated efferocytosis, thereby inducing macrophages toward a pro-reparative Ly6C lo phenotype. Notably, NLRP3 inhibition by MCC950 effectively reversed the impairment of liver regeneration after PHx in mice fed a high-fat diet. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of post-hepatectomy liver failure.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Susu Wei and Ge Guan and Xiaoyu Luan and Chaoqun Yu and Longyu Miao and Xinying Yuan and Peng Chen and Guohu Di}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq5786}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq5786}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {NLRP3 inflammasome constrains liver regeneration through impairing MerTK-mediated macrophage efferocytosis}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep learning–enabled filter-free fluorescence microscope. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq2494. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Optical filtering is an indispensable part of fluorescence microscopy for selectively highlighting molecules labeled with a specific fluorophore and suppressing background noise. However, the utilization of optical filtering sets increases the complexity, size, and cost of microscopic systems, making them less suitable for multifluorescence channel, high-speed imaging. Here, we present filter-free fluorescence microscopic imaging enabled with deep learning–based digital spectral filtering. This approach allows for automatic fluorescence channel selection after image acquisition and accurate prediction of fluorescence by computing color changes due to spectral shifts with the presence of excitation scattering. Fluorescence prediction for cells and tissues labeled with various fluorophores was demonstrated under different magnification powers. The technique offers accurate identification of labeling with robust sensitivity and specificity, achieving consistent results with the reference standard. Beyond fluorescence microscopy, the deep learning–enabled spectral filtering strategy has the potential to drive the development of other biomedical applications, including cytometry and endoscopy.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Bo Dai and Shaojie You and Kan Wang and Yan Long and Junyi Chen and Neil Upreti and Jing Peng and Lulu Zheng and Chenliang Chang and Tony Jun Huang and Yangtai Guan and Songlin Zhuang and Dawei Zhang}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq2494}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq2494}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep learning–enabled filter-free fluorescence microscope}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Wide-ranging predictions of new stable compounds powered by recommendation engines. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq1431. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The computational search for new stable inorganic compounds is faster than ever, thanks to high-throughput density functional theory (DFT). However, stable compound searches remain highly expensive because of the enormous search space and the cost of DFT calculations. To aid these searches, recommendation engines have been developed. We conduct a systematic comparison of the performance of previously developed recommendation engines, specifically ones based on elemental substitution, data mining, and neural network prediction of formation enthalpy. After identifying ways to improve the recommendation engines, we find the neural network to be superior at recommending stable Heusler compounds. Armed with improved recommendation engines, we identify tens of thousands of compounds that are stable at zero temperature and pressure, now available in the Open Quantum Materials Database. We summarize this diverse pool of compounds, including the elusive mixed anion compounds, and two of their many applications: thermoelectricity and solar thermochemical fuel production.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Sean D. Griesemer and Bianca Baldassarri and Ruijie Zhu and Jiahong Shen and Koushik Pal and Cheol Woo Park and Chris Wolverton}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq1431}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq1431}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Wide-ranging predictions of new stable compounds powered by recommendation engines}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Dynamics of visual object coding within and across the hemispheres: Objects in the periphery. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq0889. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The human brain continuously integrates information across its two hemispheres to construct a coherent representation of the perceptual world. Characterizing how visual information is represented in each hemisphere over time is crucial for understanding how hemispheric transfer contributes to perception. Here, we investigated information processing within each hemisphere over time and the degree to which it is distinct or duplicated across hemispheres. We presented participants with object images lateralized to the left or right visual fields while measuring their brain activity with electroencephalography. Stimulus coding was more robust and emerged earlier in the contralateral than the ipsilateral hemisphere. Presentation of two stimuli, one to each hemifield, reduced the fidelity of representations in both hemispheres relative to one stimulus alone, signifying hemispheric interference. Last, we found that processing within the contralateral, but not ipsilateral, hemisphere was biased to image-related over concept-related information. Together, these results suggest that hemispheric transfer operates to filter irrelevant information and efficiently prioritize processing of meaning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Amanda K. Robinson and Tijl Grootswagers and Sophia M. Shatek and Marlene Behrmann and Thomas A. Carlson}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0889}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq0889}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Dynamics of visual object coding within and across the hemispheres: Objects in the periphery}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Klp2-mediated rsp1-mto1 colocalization inhibits microtubule-dependent microtubule assembly in fission yeast. SCIADV, 11(1), eadq0670. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Microtubule assembly takes place at the centrosome and noncentrosomal microtubule–organizing centers (MTOCs). However, the mechanisms controlling the activity of noncentrosomal MTOCs are poorly understood. Here, using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model organism, we demonstrate that the kinesin-14 motor Klp2 interacts with the J-domain Hsp70/Ssa1 cochaperone Rsp1, an inhibitory factor of microtubule assembly, and that Klp2 is required for the proper localization of Rsp1 to microtubules. In addition, we demonstrate that Klp2 is not required for the localization of Mto1, a factor promoting microtubule assembly, to microtubules. Moreover, Rsp1-Ssa1 inhibits the interaction of Mto1-Mto2 with the gamma-tubulin small complex. The absence of Klp2 reduces the colocalization of Rsp1 and Mto1 foci on preexisting microtubules, resulting in an increased microtubule-dependent microtubule assembly. Our results suggest that Klp2 regulates the activity of noncentrosomal MTOCs by targeting Rsp1 to the sites of Mto1 activity and reveal a mechanism for the inhibition of noncentrosomal microtubule assembly by a kinesin-14 motor.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lingyun Nie and Wenyue Liu and Zhuobi Liang and Fan Zheng and Xing Liu and Xuebiao Yao and Shengqi Xiang and Kai Jiang and Shengnan Zheng and Chuanhai Fu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adq0670}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadq0670}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Klp2-mediated rsp1-mto1 colocalization inhibits microtubule-dependent microtubule assembly in fission yeast}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Discovery of a layered multiferroic compound Cu1−xMn1+ySiTe3 with strong magnetoelectric coupling. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp9379. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Multiferroic materials host both ferroelectricity and magnetism, offering potential for magnetic memory and spin transistor applications. Here, we report a multiferroic chalcogenide semiconductor Cu 1−x Mn 1+y SiTe 3 (0.04 ≤ x ≤ 0.26; 0.03 ≤ y ≤ 0.15), which crystallizes in a polar monoclinic structure ( Pm space group). It exhibits a canted antiferromagnetic state below 35 kelvin, with magnetic hysteresis and remanent magnetization under 15 kelvin. We demonstrate multiferroicity and strong magnetoelectric coupling through magnetodielectric and magnetocurrent measurements. At 10 kelvin, the magnetically induced electric polarization reaches ~0.8 microcoulombs per square centimeter, comparable to the highest value in oxide multiferroics. We also observe possible room-temperature ferroelectricity. Given that multiferroicity is very rare among transition metal chalcogenides, our finding sets up a unique materials platform for designing multiferroic chalcogenides.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chandan De and Yu Liu and Sai Venkata Gayathri Ayyagari and Boyang Zheng and Kyle P. Kelley and Sankalpa Hazra and Jingyang He and Sylwia Pawledzio and Subin Mali and Samaresh Guchaait and Suguru Yoshida and Yingdong Guan and Seng Huat Lee and Milos Sretenovic and Xianglin Ke and Le Wang and Mark H. Engelhard and Yingge Du and Weiwei Xie and Xiaoping Wang and Vincent H. Crespi and Nasim Alem and Venkatraman Gopalan and Qiang Zhang and Zhiqiang Mao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp9379}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp9379}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Discovery of a layered multiferroic compound Cu1−xMn1+ySiTe3 with strong magnetoelectric coupling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Spatial transcriptomics in bone mechanomics: Exploring the mechanoregulation of fracture healing in the era of spatial omics. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp8496. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {In recent decades, the field of bone mechanobiology has sought experimental techniques to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing the phenomenon of mechanically regulated fracture healing. Each cell within a fracture site resides within different local microenvironments characterized by different levels of mechanical strain; thus, preserving the spatial location of each cell is critical in relating cellular responses to mechanical stimuli. Our spatial transcriptomics–based “mechanomics” platform facilitates spatially resolved analysis of the molecular profiles of cells with respect to their local in vivo mechanical environment by integrating time-lapsed in vivo micro–computed tomography, spatial transcriptomics, and micro–finite element analysis. We investigate the transcriptomic responses of cells as a function of the local strain magnitude by identifying the differential expression of genes in regions of high and low strain within a fracture site. Our platform thus has the potential to address fundamental open questions within the field and to discover mechano-responsive targets to enhance fracture healing.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Neashan Mathavan and Amit Singh and Francisco Correia Marques and Denise Günther and Gisela A. Kuhn and Esther Wehrle and Ralph Müller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp8496}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp8496}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Spatial transcriptomics in bone mechanomics: Exploring the mechanoregulation of fracture healing in the era of spatial omics}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Treating myocardial infarction via a nano-ultrasonic contrast agent-mediated high-efficiency drug delivery system targeting macrophages. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp7126. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Following myocardial infarction (MI), the accumulation of CD86-positive macrophages in the ischemic injury zone leads to secondary myocardial damage. Precise pharmacological intervention targeting this process remains challenging. This study engineered a nanotherapeutic delivery system with CD86-positive macrophage-specific targeting and ultrasound-responsive release capabilities. A folic acid (FA)–modified ultrasound-responsive gene/drug delivery system, assembled from DOTAP, DSPE-PEG2000-FA, cholesterol, and perfluorohexane (PFH)—termed FA-PNBs—was developed to codeliver small interfering RNA of STAT1 (siSTAT1) and the small-molecule nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO 2 ) into CD86-positive macrophages. Upon irradiation with low-intensity focused ultrasound, FA-PNBs release siSTAT1 and OA-NO 2 at the ischemic injury zone. The results demonstrated the system’s precise targeting and efficient delivery capabilities. The combined modulation of OA-NO 2 and siSTAT1 optimizes the immune microenvironment in the infarcted region, alleviates ventricular remodeling, preserves cardiac function, and holds promise for clinical intervention strategies after MI.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhen Ma and Ming Li and Rui Guo and Yu Tian and Yongbin Zheng and Bingxin Huang and Yi You and Qing Xu and Ming Cui and Li Shen and Feng Lan and Hang Yang and Rucong Liu and Tao Yang and Feng Wan and Qihua He and Xiao Huo and Youkun Bi and Yingying Zhang and Yunpeng Ling}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp7126}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp7126}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Treating myocardial infarction via a nano-ultrasonic contrast agent-mediated high-efficiency drug delivery system targeting macrophages}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Persistent but weak magnetic field at the moon’s midstage revealed by chang’e-5 basalt. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp3333. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The evolution of the lunar magnetic field can reveal the Moon’s interior structure, thermal history, and surface environment. The mid-to-late-stage evolution of the lunar magnetic field is poorly constrained, and thus, the existence of a long-lived lunar dynamo remains controversial. The Chang’e-5 mission returned the heretofore youngest mare basalts from Oceanus Procellarum uniquely positioned at midlatitude. We recovered weak paleointensities of ~2 to 4 microtesla from the Chang’e-5 basalt clasts at 2 billion years ago, attesting to the longevity of the lunar dynamo until at least the Moon’s midstage. This paleomagnetic result implies the existence of thermal convection in the lunar deep interior at the lunar midstage, which may have supplied mantle heat flux for young volcanism.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shuhui Cai and Huafeng Qin and Huapei Wang and Chenglong Deng and Saihong Yang and Ya Xu and Chi Zhang and Xu Tang and Lixin Gu and Xiaoguang Li and Zhongshan Shen and Min Zhang and Kuang He and Kaixian Qi and Yunchang Fan and Liang Dong and Yifei Hou and Pingyuan Shi and Shuangchi Liu and Fei Su and Yi Chen and Qiuli Li and Jinhua Li and Ross N. Mitchell and Huaiyu He and Chunlai Li and Yongxin Pan and Rixiang Zhu}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3333}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp3333}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Persistent but weak magnetic field at the moon’s midstage revealed by chang’e-5 basalt}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Transcription factor clusters as information transfer agents. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp3251. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Deciphering how genes interpret information from transcription factor (TF) concentrations within the cell nucleus remains a fundamental question in gene regulation. Recent advancements have revealed the heterogeneous distribution of TF molecules, posing challenges to precisely decoding concentration signals. Using high-resolution single-cell imaging of the fluorescently tagged TF Bicoid in living Drosophila embryos, we show that Bicoid accumulation in submicrometer clusters preserves the spatial information of the maternal Bicoid gradient. These clusters provide precise spatial cues through intensity, size, and frequency. We further discover that Bicoid target genes colocalize with these clusters in an enhancer-binding affinity-dependent manner. Our modeling suggests that clustering offers a faster sensing mechanism for global nuclear concentrations than freely diffusing TF molecules detected by simple enhancers.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rahul Munshi and Jia Ling and Sergey Ryabichko and Eric F. Wieschaus and Thomas Gregor}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp3251}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp3251}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Transcription factor clusters as information transfer agents}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Global niche partitioning of purine and pyrimidine cross-feeding among ocean microbes. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp1949. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Cross-feeding involves microbes consuming exudates of other surrounding microbes, mediating elemental cycling. Characterizing the diversity of cross-feeding pathways in ocean microbes illuminates evolutionary forces driving self-organization of ocean ecosystems. Here, we uncover a purine and pyrimidine cross-feeding network in globally abundant groups. The cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus exudes both compound classes, which metabolic reconstructions suggest follows synchronous daily genome replication. Co-occurring heterotrophs differentiate into purine- and pyrimidine-using generalists or specialists that use compounds for different purposes. The most abundant heterotroph, SAR11, is a specialist that uses purines as sources of energy, carbon, and/or nitrogen, with subgroups differentiating along ocean-scale gradients in the supply of energy and nitrogen, in turn producing putative cryptic nitrogen cycles that link many microbes. Last, in an SAR11 subgroup that dominates where Prochlorococcus is abundant, adenine additions to cultures inhibit DNA synthesis, poising cells for replication. We argue that this subgroup uses inferred daily adenine pulses from Prochlorococcus to synchronize to the daily photosynthate supply from surrounding phytoplankton.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Rogier Braakman and Brandon Satinsky and Tyler J. O’Keefe and Krista Longnecker and Shane L. Hogle and Jamie W. Becker and Robert C. Li and Keven Dooley and Aldo Arellano and Melissa C. Kido Soule and Elizabeth B. Kujawinski and Sallie W. Chisholm}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp1949}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp1949}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Global niche partitioning of purine and pyrimidine cross-feeding among ocean microbes}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Shifting antarctic circumpolar current south of africa over the past 1.9 million years. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp1692. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) dominates the transfer of heat, salt, and tracers around the Southern Ocean (SO), driving the upwelling of carbon-rich deep waters around Antarctica. Paleoclimate reconstructions reveal marked variability in SO circulation; however, few records exist coupling quantitative reconstructions of ACC flow with tracers of SO upwelling spanning multiple Pleistocene glacial cycles. Here, we reconstruct near-bottom flow speed variability in the SO south of Africa, revealing systematic glacial-interglacial variations in the strength and/or proximity of ACC jets. These are superimposed by warmer-than-present “super-interglacials,” whereby extreme slowdown in the midlatitude ACC (41°S) is opposed by faster flow at higher latitudes (>54°S), implying poleward strengthening of the ACC. Coupled with reconstructions of the subsurface-deep stable carbon isotope gradient, we show that the reorganization of ACC coincides with the upwelling of isotopically light deep waters around Antarctica, likely contributing to the interglacial rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Aidan Starr and Ian R. Hall and Stephen Barker and Alexandra Nederbragt and Lindsey Owen and Sidney R. Hemming}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp1692}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp1692}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Shifting antarctic circumpolar current south of africa over the past 1.9 million years}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deciphering neutrophil dynamics: Enhanced phagocytosis of elastic particles and impact on vascular-targeted carrier performance. SCIADV, 11(1), eadp1461. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Particle elasticity has widely been established to substantially influence immune cell clearance and circulation time of vascular-targeted carriers (VTCs). However, prior studies have primarily investigated interactions with macrophages, monocytic cell lines, and in vivo murine models. Interactions between particles and human neutrophils remain largely unexplored, although they represent a critical aspect of VTC performance. Here, we explore the impact of particle elasticity on primary human neutrophil phagocytosis using polyethylene glycol–based particles of different elastic moduli. We found that neutrophils effectively phagocytose deformable particles irrespective of their modulus, indicating a departure from established phagocytosis trends seen with other types of immune cells. These findings highlight the observed phenotypic difference between different types of phagocytes and underscore the need to characterize VTC performance using various cell types and animal models that represent human systems closely.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jonathan K. Lee and M. Valentina Guevara and Oluwaseun D. Akanbi and J. Damon Hoff and Daniel Kupor and Emma R. Brannon and Omolola Eniola-Adefeso}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adp1461}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadp1461}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deciphering neutrophil dynamics: Enhanced phagocytosis of elastic particles and impact on vascular-targeted carrier performance}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). CSTAR analysis identifies endothelial cell cycle as a key regulator of flow-dependent artery remodeling. SCIADV, 11(1), eado9970. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Fluid shear stress (FSS) from blood flow sensed by vascular endothelial cells (ECs) determines vessel behavior, but regulatory mechanisms are only partially understood. We used cell state transition assessment and regulation (cSTAR), a powerful computational method, to elucidate EC transcriptomic states under low shear stress (LSS), physiological shear stress (PSS), high shear stress (HSS), and oscillatory shear stress (OSS) that induce vessel inward remodeling, stabilization, outward remodeling, or disease susceptibility, respectively. Combined with a publicly available database on EC transcriptomic responses to drug treatments, this approach inferred a regulatory network controlling EC states and made several notable predictions. Particularly, inhibiting cell cycle–dependent kinase (CDK) 2 was predicted to initiate inward remodeling and promote atherogenesis. In vitro, PSS activated CDK2 and induced late G 1 cell cycle arrest. In mice, EC deletion of CDK2 triggered inward artery remodeling, pulmonary and systemic hypertension, and accelerated atherosclerosis. These results validate use of cSTAR and identify key determinants of normal and pathological artery remodeling.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Hanqiang Deng and Oleksii S. Rukhlenko and Divyesh Joshi and Xiaoyue Hu and Philipp Junk and Anna Tuliakova and Boris N. Kholodenko and Martin A. Schwartz}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9970}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado9970}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {CSTAR analysis identifies endothelial cell cycle as a key regulator of flow-dependent artery remodeling}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Mesolimbic dopamine neurons drive infradian rhythms in sleep-wake and heightened activity state. SCIADV, 11(1), eado9965. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Infradian mood and sleep-wake rhythms with periods of 48 hours and beyond have been observed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), which even persist in the absence of exogenous timing cues, indicating an endogenous origin. Here, we show that mice exposed to methamphetamine in drinking water develop infradian locomotor rhythms with periods of 48 hours and beyond which extend to sleep length and manic state–associated behaviors in support of a model for cycling in BD. The cycling capacity is abrogated upon genetic disruption of dopamine (DA) production in DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) or ablation of nucleus accumbens projecting DA neurons. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of VTA DA neurons including those that project to the nucleus accumbens led to locomotor period lengthening in circadian clock–deficient mice, which was counteracted by antipsychotic treatment. Together, our findings argue that BD cycling relies on infradian rhythm generation that depends on mesolimbic DA neurons.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Pratap S. Markam and Clément Bourguignon and Lei Zhu and Bridget Ward and Martin Darvas and Paul V. Sabatini and Maia V. Kokoeva and Bruno Giros and Kai-Florian Storch}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado9965}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado9965}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Mesolimbic dopamine neurons drive infradian rhythms in sleep-wake and heightened activity state}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Identification of human cranio-maxillofacial skeletal stem cells for mandibular development. SCIADV, 11(1), eado7852. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Compared with long bone that arises from the mesoderm, the major portion of the maxillofacial bones and the front bone of the skull are derived from cranial neural crest cells and undergo intramembranous ossification. Human skeletal stem cells have been identified in embryonic and fetal long bones. Here, we describe a single-cell atlas of the human embryonic mandible and identify a population of cranio-maxillofacial skeletal stem cells (CMSSCs). These CMSSCs are marked by interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 (IFITM5) and are specifically located around the periosteum of the jawbone and frontal bone. Additionally, these CMSSCs exhibit strong self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capacities but lower chondrogenic differentiation potency, mediating intramembranous bone formation without cartilage formation. IFITM5 + cells are also observed in the adult jawbone and exhibit functions similar to those of embryonic CMSSCs. Thus, this study identifies CMSSCs that orchestrate the intramembranous ossification of cranio-maxillofacial bones, providing a deeper understanding of cranio-maxillofacial skeletal development and promising seed cells for bone repair.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Zhuo Wang and Kun Wang and Yejia Yu and Jing Fu and Siyuan Zhang and Maojiao Li and Jian Yang and Xuanhao Zhang and Xiaodong Liu and Fengqiong Lv and Li Ma and Haoyang Cai and Weidong Tian and Li Liao}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado7852}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado7852}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Identification of human cranio-maxillofacial skeletal stem cells for mandibular development}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Blood-derived APLP1+ extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of brain diseases. SCIADV, 11(1), eado6894. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The early detection of neurodegenerative diseases necessitates the identification of specific brain-derived biomolecules in peripheral blood. In this context, our investigation delineates the role of amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1)—a protein predominantly localized in oligodendrocytes and neurons—as a previously unidentified biomarker in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Through rigorous analysis, APLP1 + EVs from human sera were unequivocally determined to be of cerebral origin. This assertion was corroborated by distinctive small RNA expression patterns of APLP1 + EVs. The miRNAs’ putative targets within these EVs manifested pronounced expression in the brain, fortifying their neurospecific provenance. We subjected our findings to stringent validation using Thy-1 GFP M line mice, transgenic models wherein GFP expression is confined to hippocampal neurons. An amalgamation of these results with an exhaustive data analysis accentuates the potential of APLP1 + EVs as cerebrally originated biomarkers. Synthesizing our findings, APLP1 + EVs are postulated not merely as diagnostic markers but as seminal entities shaping the future trajectory of neurodegenerative disease diagnostics.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Yuri Choi and Jae Hyun Park and Ala Jo and Chul-Woo Lim and Ji-Min Park and Jin Woo Hwang and Kang Soo Lee and Young-Sang Kim and Hakho Lee and Jisook Moon}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado6894}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado6894}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Blood-derived APLP1+ extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of brain diseases}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Superconductivity in an ultrathin multilayer nickelate. SCIADV, 11(1), eado4572. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {We report the appearance of superconductivity in single-unit-cell Nd 6 Ni 5 O 12 , exhibiting a transition temperature similar to that of thicker films. In situ synchrotron x-ray scattering performed during growth of the parent phase, Nd 6 Ni 5 O 16 , shows that the necessary layer-by-layer deposition sequence does not follow the sequence of the formula unit but an alternate order due to the relative stability of the perovskite unit cell. We exploit this insight to grow ultrathin Nd 6 Ni 5 O 16 heterostructures and conduct in situ studies of topotactic reduction, finding that formation of the square-planar phase occurs rapidly and is highly sensitive to reduction temperature, with small deviations from the optimum condition leading to inhomogeneity and the loss of superconductivity. The fluorite layer within the unit cell facilitates reduction by initially stabilizing the square-planar phase in the upper half of the unit cell. Our findings provide insight into growth of the Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates, highlighting the need for in situ studies of the metastable phases key to superconductivity.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Xi Yan and Hong Zheng and Yan Li and Hui Cao and Daniel Patrick Phelan and Hao Zheng and Zhan Zhang and Hawoong Hong and Guanyi Wang and Yuzi Liu and Anand Bhattacharya and Hua Zhou and Dillon D. Fong}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4572}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado4572}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Superconductivity in an ultrathin multilayer nickelate}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Chiral-induced unidirectional spin-to-charge conversion. SCIADV, 11(1), eado4285. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The observation of spin-dependent transmission of electrons through chiral molecules has led to the discovery of chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). The remarkably high efficiency of the spin polarizing effect has recently gained substantial interest due to the high potential for future sustainable hybrid chiral molecule magnetic applications. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying the chiral-induced phenomena remain to be understood fully. In this work, we explore the impact of chirality on spin angular momentum in hybrid metal/chiral molecule thin-film heterostructures. For this, we inject a pure spin current via spin pumping and investigate the spin-to-charge conversion at the hybrid chiral interface. Notably, we observe a chiral-induced unidirectionality in the conversion. Furthermore, angle-dependent measurements reveal that the spin selectivity is maximum when the spin angular momentum is aligned with the molecular chiral axis. Our findings validate the central role of spin angular momentum for the CISS effect, paving the path toward three-dimensional functionalization of hybrid molecule-metal devices via chirality.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Ashish Moharana and Yael Kapon and Fabian Kammerbauer and David Anthofer and Shira Yochelis and Hadar Shema and Elad Gross and Mathias Kläui and Yossi Paltiel and Angela Wittmann}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4285}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado4285}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Chiral-induced unidirectional spin-to-charge conversion}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Unearthing the secrets of australia’s most enigmatic and cryptic mammal, the marsupial mole. SCIADV, 11(1), eado4140. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {The marsupial moles are arguably Australia’s most enigmatic marsupials. Almost indistinguishable from placental (eutherian) moles, they provide a striking example of convergent evolution. Exploring the genome of the southern marsupial mole, we provide insights into its unusual biology. We show definitively by retrophylogenomic analysis that marsupial moles are most closely related to bandicoots and bilbies (order Peramelemorphia). We find evidence of a marked decline in marsupial mole effective population size, most likely preceding the arrival of humans in regions near its range, and potentially corresponding to periods of climatic change. Our analysis of loss of eye function—an adaptation to subterranean life—reveals a structured order of loss of gene function associated first with the lens, then cone, and finally rod cells. Last, we identify genetic changes suggestive of adaptation to an oxygen-poor environment and of its evolution of partially descended testes.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Stephen R. Frankenberg and Sarah Lucas and Charles Y. Feigin and Liliya Doronina and Raphael Steffen and Gabrielle Hartley and Patrick Grady and Brandon R. Menzies and Ricardo De Paoli-Iseppi and Stephen Donnellan and Mitzi Klein and Axel Newton and Jay R. Black and Michael Clark and Steven Cooper and Rachel O’Neill and Nathan Clark and Jürgen Schmitz and Andrew J. Pask}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.ado4140}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eado4140}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Unearthing the secrets of australia’s most enigmatic and cryptic mammal, the marsupial mole}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cross-modal sensory compensation increases mosquito attraction to humans. SCIADV, 11(1), eadn5758. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Sensory compensation occurs when loss of one sense leads to enhanced perception by another sense. We have identified a previously undescribed mechanism of sensory compensation in female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Odorant receptor co-receptor ( Orco ) mutants show enhanced attraction to human skin temperature and increased heat-evoked neuronal activity in foreleg sensory neurons. Ir140 , a foreleg-enriched member of the ionotropic receptor (IR) superfamily of sensory receptors, is up-regulated in Orco mutant legs. Ir140 , Orco double mutants do not show the enhanced heat seeking seen in Orco single mutants, suggesting that up-regulation of Ir140 in the foreleg is a key mechanism underlying sensory compensation in Orco mutants. Because Orco expression is sparse in legs, this sensory compensation requires an indirect, long-range mechanism. Our findings highlight how female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, despite suffering olfactory sensory loss, maintain the overall effectiveness of their host-seeking behavior by up-regulating attraction to human skin temperature, further enhancing their status as the most dangerous predator of humans.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Takeshi Morita and Nia G. Lyn and Ricarda K. von Heynitz and Olivia V. Goldman and Trevor R. Sorrells and Matthew DeGennaro and Benjamin J. Matthews and Leah Houri-Zeevi and Leslie B. Vosshall}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn5758}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadn5758}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cross-modal sensory compensation increases mosquito attraction to humans}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Cortical VIP neurons as a critical node for dopamine actions. SCIADV, 11(1), eadn3221. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Dopamine modulates a wide range of cognitive processes in the prefrontal cortex, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the roles of prefrontal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)–expressing neurons and their D1 receptors (D1Rs) in working memory using a delayed match-to-sample task in mice. VIP neurons conveyed robust working-memory signals, and their inactivation impaired behavioral performance. Moreover, selective knockdown of D1Rs in VIP neurons also resulted in impaired performance, indicating the critical role of VIP neurons and their D1Rs in supporting working memory. Additionally, we found that dopamine release dynamics during the delay period varied depending on the target location. Furthermore, dopaminergic terminal stimulation induced a contralateral response bias and enhanced neuronal target selectivity in a laterality-dependent manner. These results suggest that prefrontal dopamine modulates behavioral responses and delay-period activity based on laterality. Overall, these findings shed light on dopamine-modulated prefrontal neural processes underlying higher-order cognitive functions.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jung Won Bae and Jee Hyun Yi and Seo Yeon Choe and Yulong Li and Min Whan Jung}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn3221}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadn3221}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Cortical VIP neurons as a critical node for dopamine actions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Comprehensive characterization of the transcriptional landscape in alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. SCIADV, 11(1), eadn1927. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading dementia among the elderly with complex origins. Despite extensive investigation into the AD-associated protein-coding genes, the involvement of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and posttranscriptional modification (PTM) in AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we comprehensively characterized the landscape of ncRNAs and PTM events in 1460 samples across six brain regions sourced from the Mount Sinai/JJ Peters VA Medical Center Brain Bank Study and Mayo cohorts, encompassing 33,321 long ncRNAs, 92,897 enhancer RNAs, 53,763 alternative polyadenylation events, and 900,221 A-to-I RNA editing events. We additionally identified 25,351 aberrantly expressed ncRNAs and altered PTM events associated with AD traits and further identified the corresponding protein-coding genes to construct regulatory networks. Furthermore, we developed a user-friendly data portal, ADatlas, facilitating users in exploring our results. Our study aims to establish a comprehensive data platform for ncRNAs and PTMs in AD to advance related research.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Chengxuan Chen and Zhao Zhang and Yuan Liu and Wei Hong and Hande Karahan and Jun Wang and Wenbo Li and Lixia Diao and Meichen Yu and Andrew J. Saykin and Kwangsik Nho and Jungsu Kim and Leng Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1927}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadn1927}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Comprehensive characterization of the transcriptional landscape in alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Deep learning predicts DNA methylation regulatory variants in specific brain cell types and enhances fine mapping for brain disorders. SCIADV, 11(1), eadn1870. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {DNA methylation (DNAm) is essential for brain development and function and potentially mediates the effects of genetic risk variants underlying brain disorders. We present INTERACT, a transformer-based deep learning model to predict regulatory variants affecting DNAm levels in specific brain cell types, leveraging existing single-nucleus DNAm data from the human brain. We show that INTERACT accurately predicts cell type–specific DNAm profiles, achieving an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.99 across cell types. Furthermore, INTERACT predicts cell type–specific DNAm regulatory variants, which reflect cellular context and enrich the heritability of brain-related traits in relevant cell types. We demonstrate that incorporating predicted variant effects and DNAm levels of CpG sites enhances the fine mapping for three brain disorders—schizophrenia, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease—and facilitates mapping causal genes to particular cell types. Our study highlights the power of deep learning in identifying cell type–specific regulatory variants, which will enhance our understanding of the genetics of complex traits.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Jiyun Zhou and Daniel R. Weinberger and Shizhong Han}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adn1870}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadn1870}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Deep learning predicts DNA methylation regulatory variants in specific brain cell types and enhances fine mapping for brain disorders}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Information sharing within a social network is key to behavioral flexibility—Lessons from mice tested under seminaturalistic conditions. SCIADV, 11(1), eadm7255. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Being part of a social structure offers chances for social learning vital for survival and reproduction. Nevertheless, studying the neural mechanisms of social learning under laboratory conditions remains challenging. To investigate the impact of socially transmitted information about rewards on individual behavior, we used Eco-HAB, an automated system monitoring the voluntary behavior of group-housed mice under seminaturalistic conditions. In these settings, male mice spontaneously form social networks, with individuals occupying diverse positions. We show that a rewarded group member’s scent affects the ability of conspecifics to search for rewards in familiar and novel environments. The scent’s impact depends on the animal’s social position. Furthermore, disruption of neuronal plasticity in the prelimbic cortex (PL) disrupts the social networks and animals’ interest in social information related to rewards; only the latter is blocked by the acute PL inhibition. This experimental design represents a cutting-edge approach to studying the brain mechanisms of social learning.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Maciej Winiarski and Anna Madecka and Anjaly Yadav and Joanna Borowska and Maria R. Wołyniak and Joanna Jędrzejewska-Szmek and Ludwika Kondrakiewicz and Lech Mankiewicz and Mayank Chaturvedi and Daniel K. Wójcik and Krzysztof Turzyński and Alicja Puścian and Ewelina Knapska}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adm7255}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadm7255}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Information sharing within a social network is key to behavioral flexibility—Lessons from mice tested under seminaturalistic conditions}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Many photonic design problems are sparse QCQPs. SCIADV, 11(1), eadl3237. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Photonic design is a process of mathematical optimization of a desired objective (beam formation, mode conversion, etc.) subject to the constraint of Maxwell’s equations. Finding the optimal design is challenging: Generically, these problems are highly nonconvex and finding global optima is NP hard. Here, we show that the associated optimization problem can be transformed to a sparse-matrix, quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP). Sparse QCQPs can be tackled with convex optimization techniques (such as semidefinite programming) that have thrived for identifying global bounds and high-performance designs in many areas of science and engineering but seemed inapplicable to the design problems of wave physics. We apply our formulation to prototypical photonic design problems, showing the possibility to compute fundamental limits for large-area metasurfaces, as well as the identification of designs approaching global optimality. Our approach appears directly extensible to any design problem whose governing dynamics are bilinear differential equations, as arise in structural optimization, fluid dynamics, and quantum control.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Shai Gertler and Zeyu Kuang and Colin Christie and Hao Li and Owen D. Miller}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adl3237}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadl3237}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Many photonic design problems are sparse QCQPs}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }
• (2025). Histone mark age of human tissues and cell types. SCIADV, 11(1), eadk9373. (www)

  @article{ , abstract = {Aging is a complex and multifaceted process involving many epigenetic alterations. One key area of interest in aging research is the role of histone modifications, which can dynamically regulate gene expression. Here, we conducted a pan-tissue analysis of the dynamics of seven key histone modifications during human aging. Our histone-specific age prediction models showed surprisingly accurate performance, proving resilient to experimental and artificial noise. Simulation experiments for comparison with DNA methylation age predictors revealed competitive performance. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis uncovered several critical developmental pathways for age prediction. Different from DNA methylation age predictors, genes known to be involved in aging biology are among the most important ones for the models. Last, we developed a pan-tissue pan-histone age predictor, suggesting that age-related epigenetic information is degenerated across the epigenome. This research highlights the power of histone marks as input for creating robust age predictors and opens avenues for understanding the role of epigenetic changes during aging.}, archive = {J_SCIADV}, author = {Lucas Paulo de Lima Camillo and Muhammad Haider Asif and Steve Horvath and Erica Larschan and Ritambhara Singh}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk9373}, journal = {Science Advances}, month = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {eadk9373}, shortjournal = {Sci. Adv.}, title = {Histone mark age of human tissues and cell types}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, }